An electrolysis method of preventing the voltage of an electrolytic bath from rising over time without halting electrolysis and an electrolysis device for executing the method are provided such that: in operation of a two-compartment electrolytic bath, which has a membrane partitioning an anode compartment from a cathode compartment and in which a sulfide ion-containing white liquor for use in a pulp production process is fed into the anode compartment while direct current is supplied to the electrolytic bath to produce polysulfide in the anode compartment through electrolysis, and a sulfide ion-containing white liquor for use in a pulp production process that contains at least one of a scale cleaning agent and a scale inhibitor is fed to the anode compartment.
An electrolysis method of preventing the voltage of an electrolytic bath from rising over time without halting electrolysis and an electrolysis device for executing the method are provided such that: in operation of a two-compartment electrolytic bath, which has a membrane partitioning an anode compartment from a cathode compartment and in which a sulfide ion-containing white liquor for use in a pulp production process is fed into the anode compartment while direct current is supplied to the electrolytic bath to produce polysulfide in the anode compartment through electrolysis, and a sulfide ion-containing white liquor for use in a pulp production process that contains at least one of a scale cleaning agent and a scale inhibitor is fed to the anode compartment.
Provided is a production method for electrodes for electrolysis, whereby the amount of an electrode catalyst component can be suitably adjusted to a desired amount, and high-performance electrodes for electrolysis can be economically and efficiently produced without losing electrode performance. The production method for electrodes for electrolysis has a step in which a coating fluid containing an electrode catalyst component starting material is coated on the surface side of a conductive electrode base material having a plurality of pores, such as an expanded mesh, etc., said material is subsequently dried and fired, and an electrode catalyst layer is formed on the surface side and rear side of the base material. In said production method, the base material contains at least one type of metal selected from Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr, Hf, and Ni, or an alloy thereof; the electrode catalyst component contains at least one selected from Pt, Ir, Ru, Pd, Os, and oxides thereof; and the amount of electrode catalyst component attached to the rear side of the base material is adjusted by pre-heating the base material at least once in the electrode catalyst layer formation steps, increasing the temperature of the base material to higher than room temperature immediately prior to applying the coating fluid, and then again changing the temperature thereof.
Provided are a continuous manufacturing method and manufacturing device for electrolytic metal foil that can prevent nonuniformity of current caused by lead adhering to insoluble metal positive electrodes, can prevent reductions in quality of the metal foil because of bubbles generated on these positive electrodes, can improve yield, can reduce cell voltage, and can prevent accelerated consumption of insoluble metal positive electrodes by additives. The continuous manufacturing method and device for an electrolytic metal foil, wherein the method, which uses a device having a rotating cylindrical negative electrode drum that is partially immersed in an electrolyte for forming a metal foil and an insoluble metal positive electrode having an arc-like shape and a part facing that drum, is characterized in that the device has a structure such that a barrier film is disposed adhering to the surface of the insoluble metal positive electrode, a negative electrode chamber is formed between the negative electrode drum and the barrier film, and a positive electrode chamber is formed on the back side of the positive electrode, and characterized in that an electrolyte for forming the metal foil is supplied inside the negative electrode chamber, an acid solution supplied within the positive electrode chamber, electrolysis carried out, metal foil that is electrolytically deposited on the surface of the negative electrode drum peeled from the negative electrode drum, and the metal foil manufactured continuously.
[Problem] To provide an electrolysis method, and a device therefor, with which the influence of scale that adheres over time is prevented and a stable continuous operation is enabled in an electrolysis system wherein a white liquor used in a digestion process in a kraft pulping method, which is a pulp manufacturing method, is subjected to an electrolysis process, thereby oxidizing sodium sulfide in the white liquor and electrolytically generating polysulfide. [Solution] An electrolysis method and an electrolysis device therefor with which an increase in the electrolytic bath voltage over time is prevented without stopping the electrolysis, said method and device being characterized in that a two-chamber electrolytic bath having a membrane that partitions an anode chamber and a cathode chamber is used, and during operation of the two-chamber electrolytic bath, wherein a white liquor used in a pulp manufacturing process and containing sulfide ions is supplied to the anode chamber and direct current is supplied to the electrolytic bath, thereby generating polysulfide in the anode chamber by means of electrolysis, a white liquor used in a pulp manufacturing process and containing sulfide ions, and containing a scale cleaning agent and/or a scale preventative, is supplied to the anode chamber.
A processing method for an implant material having excellent biocompatibility, in particular, a processing method and processing device for a dental implant material. A processing method and processing device for implant material having excellent biocompatibility, characterized in that an implant material composed of titanium or titanium alloy and having a roughened surface is immersed in electrolytic ozone water, the electrolytic ozone water is held at normal temperature, whereby pollution caused by adsorption of carbides onto the surface of the implant material is prevented, and hydrophilicity is imparted.
The present invention aims to provide a high-load durable anode for oxygen generation and a manufacturing method for the same used for industrial electrolyses including manufacturing of electrolytic metal foils such as electrolytic copper foil, aluminum liquid contact and continuously electrogalvanized steel plate, and metal extraction, having superior durability under high-load electrolysis conditions. The present invention features an anode for oxygen generation and a manufacturing method for the same comprising a conductive metal substrate and a catalyst layer containing iridium oxide formed on the conductive metal substrate wherein the amount of coating of iridium per time for the catalyst layer is 2g/m2 or more, the coating is baked in a relatively high temperature region of 430 degrees Celsius - 480 degrees Celsius to form the catalyst layer containing amorphous iridium oxide and the catalyst layer containing the amorphous iridium oxide is post-baked in a further high temperature region of 520 degrees Celsius - 600 degrees Celsius to crystallize almost all amount of iridium oxide in the catalyst layer.
The present invention aims to provide an anode for oxygen generation and a manufacturing method for the same used for industrial electrolyses including manufacturing of electrolytic metal foils such as electrolytic copper foil, aluminum liquid contact and continuously electrogalvanized steel plate, and metal extraction. The present invention features an anode for oxygen generation and a manufacturing method for the same comprising a conductive metal substrate and a catalyst layer containing iridium oxide formed on the conductive metal substrate wherein the coating is baked in a low temperature region of 370°C - 400°C in an oxidation atmosphere to form the catalyst layer containing amorphous iridium oxide and the catalyst layer containing amorphous iridium oxide is post-baked in a further high temperature region of 520°C - 600°C in an oxidation atmosphere to crystallize almost all amount of iridium oxide in the catalyst layer.
The present invention aims to provide an anode for oxygen generation and a manufacturing method for the same used for industrial electrolyses including manufacturing of electrolytic metal foils such as electrolytic copper foil, aluminum liquid contact and continuously electrogalvanized steel plate, and metal extraction. The present invention features an anode for oxygen generation and a manufacturing method for the same comprising a conductive metal substrate and a catalyst layer containing iridium oxide formed on the conductive metal substrate wherein the coating is baked in a high temperature region of 410°C - 450°C in an oxidation atmosphere to form the catalyst layer co-existing amorphous and crystalline iridium oxide and the catalyst layer co-existing the amorphous and crystalline iridium oxide is post-baked in a further high temperature region of 520°C - 560°C in an oxidation atmosphere to crystallize almost all amount of iridium oxide in the catalyst layer.
The present invention relates to a method for effectively exfoliating a coating layer from the surface of the conductive substrate of a used electrode for electrolysis comprising an insoluble metal electrode having the coating layer containing electrode substance comprising noble metals and/or their metal oxides on the surface of the used electrode substrate comprising valve metals, such as titanium and tantalum or valve metal alloys, and then to recover the electrode substances and /or electrode substrate for recycling use. The method for exfoliating comprises the steps of treating the insoluble metal electrode surface having the coating layer, in succession, with an alkali treatment process using a caustic alkali aqueous solution, a heating and a baking process and an acid treatment process, the alkali treatment process being conducted by applying an alkali treatment solution prepared by adding thickener to the caustic alkali aqueous solution.
The present invention provides an electrode for electrochemistry with a high quality, in which the surface area of the polycrystalline conductive diamond layer is increased and the crystal plane is controlled. In addition, when the catalyst layer of electrode substance is coated on the polycrystalline conductive diamond layer, adherence between the two layers is increased to provide an electrode for electrochemistry with a high durability. The polycrystalline conductive diamond layer is held under an atmosphere of carbon dioxide at a temperature 400 degrees Celsius or higher but 1000 degrees Celsius or lower to make the polycrystalline conductive diamond layer porous and make a specific crystal plane to remain and be formed.
The present invention provides an electrolysis system and an electrolysis method for the same in which non-purified water containing a trace amount of alkali earth metal ions, such as calcium ion and magnesium ion is applied as raw material, having a configuration in which the raw material water is supplied to the cathode compartment (1), featuring that scale of the alkali earth metals including hydroxide can be prevented from depositing on the surface of the cathode (2) provided in the cathode compartment (1). The present invention prevents scales of hydroxide and others of the alkali earth metal from depositing on the cathode surface (2), by covering the substantially entire surface of the cathode (2) with the cation exchange resin-contained, alkali earth metal scale-preventive film in the electrolysis system having a configuration comprising a diaphragm (5), an anode compartment (3) separated by the diaphragm (5), a cathode compartment (1) separated by the diaphragm (5), an anode (4) provided in the anode compartment (3), a cathode (2) provided in the cathode compartment (1), and raw material water containing alkali earth metal ions supplied to the cathode compartment
The present invention aims to provide a gas diffusion electrode and a method of making the same for alkaline fuel cells, metal-air batteries or brine electrolysis cells which, more in detail, can provide electrolysis performance almost equivalent to the conventional one without using expensive platinum catalyst, and is superior in durability as electrode in electrolysis in alkaline solution or at the time of emergency shut down and in stability in a long time operation. The present invention aims to provide an oxygen gas diffusion electrode for alkaline fuel cells, metal-air batteries or brine electrolysis cells used in an alkaline aqueous solution, characterized in that powder state carbon-based electrode catalyst comprising silk-derived activated carbon containing silk-derived nitrogen is supported on the surface of a porous conductive substrate.
H01M 12/06 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
C25B 1/34 - Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
C25B 1/46 - Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
To provide an edge bending jig for the mesh-type electrode, an edge bending method for the mesh-type electrode substrate, a hanging jig for the mesh-type electrode substrate, and a hanging method for the mesh-type electrode substrate, which do not bind the electrode substrate of the mesh-type electrode locally, allow hanging load to disperse, prevent the internal surface of the electrode from wrinkling in the baking process, and install the electrode substrate on the hanging jig with good working properties. A bending jig and a bending method by bending the top end and the bottom end, and the external surface of the convex part and the concave part at the top end and the bottom end are bent so as to form a zigzag configuration alternately in relative to the front and rear faces of the flat plate part; and a hanging jig and a hanging method for the mesh-type electrode substrate in which the electrode substrate are hung by the electrode holding member without binding the electrode substrate, and the weight member is hung down on the bottom end of the electrode substrate without binding the electrode substrate.
C23C 18/02 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition
C23F 1/08 - Apparatus, e.g. for photomechanical printing surfaces
C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
A continuous cooking process making use of a digester, which includes therein, from a top toward a bottom of the digester, a top zone, an upper cooking zone, a lower cooking zone and a cooking/washing zone and also includes strainers provided at the bottom of the respective zones and wherein a cooking black liquor extracted from at least one of the strainers is discharged to outside a digestion system, a process for cooking a lignocellulose characterized by feeding, upstream of the top of the digester, a first cooking liquor containing an alkaline cooking liquor having a specified composition, feeding a second cooking liquor of an alkaline cooking liquor made mainly of sodium hydroxide to the upper cooking zone, and feeding a third cooking liquor of an alkaline cooking liquor similar to the second cooking liquor to the cooking/washing zone.
MEMBRANE-ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY, ELECTROLYTIC CELL USING THE SAME, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING OZONE WATER, METHOD FOR DISINFECTION AND METHOD FOR WASTEWATER OR WASTE FLUID TREATMENT
This invention is to provide a membrane-electrode assembly, an electrolytic cell using the same, a method and an apparatus for producing ozone water, a method for disinfection and a method for wastewater or waste fluid treatment, by using which electrolysis reaction products or decomposition products obtained at the anode are produced at a high efficiency; channel pressure drop is minimized; and the apparatus is designed in compact size without sacrificing the production capacity. This invention relates to a membrane-electrode assembly comprising a solid polymer electrolyte membrane having a cation exchange membrane, an anode and a cathode tightly adhered to the respective surfaces of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, with a plurality of through-holes with 0.1 mm or more in diameter over the entire surfaces of the anode, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the cathode, passing through these elements; an electrolytic cell using the membrane-electrode assembly; a method and an apparatus for producing ozone water; a method for disinfection; and a method for wastewater or waste fluid treatment.
C02F 1/78 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
17.
MEMBRANE-ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY, ELECTROLYTIC CELL USING THE SAME, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING OZONE WATER, METHOD FOR DISINFECTION AND METHOD FOR WASTEWATER OR WASTE FLUID TREATMENT
This invention is to provide a membrane-electrode assembly, an electrolytic cell using the same, a method and an apparatus for producing ozone water, a method for disinfection and a method for wastewater or waste fluid treatment, by using which allow electrolysis reaction products or decomposition products to be produced at a high efficiency, channel pressure drop to be minimized, and the apparatus to be designed compact in size without sacrificing the production capacity. This invention relates to a membrane-electrode assembly, comprising an anode having a plurality of through-holes of 0.1mm or more in diameter; a cathode having a plurality of through-holes of 0.1mm or more in diameter at the same sites as in the anode; and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane coated on one face or the entire face of at least one of the anode and the cathode with the through-holes being maintained, wherein the anode, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the cathode are tightly adhered.
C02F 1/78 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
18.
OXYGEN GAS DIFFUSION CATHODE, ELECTROLYTIC BATH EQUIPPED WITH SAME, PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF CHLORINE GAS, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Disclosed are: an oxygen gas diffusion cathode for brine electrolysis, which enables the reduction in initial cell voltage and has excellent durability to short circuit; and an electrolytic bath and an electrolysis method each using the oxygen gas diffusion cathode. In the oxygen gas diffusion cathode, a gas diffusion layer (13) and a reaction layer (14) are arranged on one surface of an electrically conductive base material (12), and an electrically conductive layer (15) is arranged on the other surface of the electrically conductive base material (12). The gas diffusion cathode has the electrically conductive layer (15) formed therein, and therefore can reduce the resistance of the electrically conductive base material (12) and can supply a homogeneous current.
C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
C25B 1/34 - Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
The present invention aims to provide an activated cathode enabling a long-time stable operation with hydrogen overvoltage maintained at a low value, keeping a high remaining rate of the catalyst element after a cease of operation for a short-circuiting and after an electrolysis operation at a high current density, restricting catalyst loss to a little, and having a strong resistance to contamination caused by electrolyte impurity elements. The present invention relates to a cathode for hydrogen evolution with a catalyst layer formed on the cathode substrate, having, at least, three elements comprising platinum, cerium and palladium, as essential element, in a state of metal, metal oxide, or hydroxide, contained, where the mole fraction of respective element being x, y, and z, within a range of 5mol%≤x≤90mol%, 5mol%≤y≤55mol%, 5mol%≤z≤65mol%.
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