An improved polymerization method including a method comprising providing a reaction mixture comprising a first monomer, an organic oxidant, and at least one Lewis acid or Brönsted acid, wherein the first monomer comprises at least one optionally substituted heterocyclic ring, wherein the heterocyclic ring comprises at least one heteroatom; and reacting the reaction mixture to obtain a conjugated polymer. The method can reduce the content of undesirable entities in the polymer such as halogens and metals, which can be useful in organic electronic device applications. Purification methods also are adapted to remove organic and inorganic impurities.
A method including combining at least one first compound in a neutral form with at least one ionic dopant in a first solvent system to provide a first doped reaction product, isolating the first doped reaction product in solid form, and combining the isolated first doped reaction product with at least one conjugated polymer in neutral form in a second solvent system to form a second doped reaction product including an oxidized form of the conjugated polymer a neutral form of the first compound. Advantages include better stability, ease of use, and lower metal content. Applications include organic electronic devices including OLEDs.
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
H05B 33/18 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the nature or concentration of the activator
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
3.
VERTICALLY PHASE-SEPARATING SEMICONDUCTING ORGANIC MATERIAL LAYERS
Improved OLED devices and methods of making the same using vertical phase separation to simplify processing. Vertically phase separated material can include at least one lower first layer disposed on the electrode, and at least one upper second layer different from the first layer and disposed away from the electrode or optionally on one layer comprising at least one semiconducting organic material. The first layer can be enriched with at least one first semiconducting organic material (SOM 1) and the second layer can be enriched with at least one second semiconducting organic material (SOM 2) different from the SOM 1. The ink composition can be adapted so that the film vertically phase separates into the first and second layers. Compositions and devices are also embodied herein.
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
4.
ADDITIVE FOR POSITIVE ELECTRODES OF LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERIES, AND POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERIES
Provided are: an additive for positive electrodes, which is capable of increasing the output of a lithium secondary battery and is capable of maintaining cycle characteristics even during high-speed charge and discharge; and a positive electrode for lithium secondary batteries. The additive is an additive for positive electrodes of lithium secondary batteries, which contains, as an essential constituent, a substituted polythiophene (P) that has a repeating unit (D), which is obtained by substituting a hydrogen atom in the 3-position and/or in the 4-position of a thiophene ring with at least one group (f) that is selected from the group consisting of a perfluoroalkylalkoxy group (f1), a perfluoroalkoxy group (f2), a perfluoroalkoxyalkyl group (f3) and an alkyl group (f4) substituted with the group (f1), as at least a part of a thiophene repeating unit.
High performance organic photovoltaic cells based on donor acceptor polymers in the active layer. A composition comprising: at least one copolymer comprising at least one first donor moiety and at least one first acceptor moiety in the copolymer backbone, wherein the first acceptor moiety comprises at least one first ring which is bivalently linked to the copolymer backbone and at least one second ring fused to the first ring and not bivalently linked to the copolymer backbone, wherein the first ring or the second ring comprises two adjacent fluoro ring substituents, and optionally, wherein the donor comprises at least one fused ring system. High efficiency, high Voc, and a combination of both can be achieved.
Compositions and devices comprising at least one conjugated polymer and at least one fluorosurfactant, providing improved wettability. Compositions can be applied to substrates and used in HTL layers in organic electronic devices such as inverted photovoltaic devices. The conjugated polymer can be a polythiophene. The fluorosurfactant can be a perfluorobutane sulfonate fluorosurfactant. Improved methods of making and using the HTL ink composition are provided.
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
7.
ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICES, INCLUDING ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES, POLYMERS, AND MONOMERS
Materials for organic electronic devices including organic photovoltaic devices. An oligomer or polymer comprising: wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently hydrogen or solubilizing groups. Monomers and ink compositions can be also prepared. The materials can be used in an OPV active layer and show excellent absorption properties with bathochromic shift.
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
C09D 165/00 - Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCoating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
C07D 495/22 - Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
8.
HOLE TRANSPORT COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED DEVICES AND METHODS (II)
A composition comprising: at least one compound comprising a hole transporting core, wherein the core is covalently bonded to a first arylamine group and also covalently bonded to a second arylamine group different from the first, and wherein the compound is covalently bonded to at least one intractability group, wherein the intractability group is covalently bonded to the hole transporting core, the first arylamine group, the second arylamine group, or a combination thereof, and wherein the compound has a molecular weight of about 5,000 g/mole or less. Blended mixtures of arylamine compounds, including fluorene core compounds, can provide good film formation and stability when coated onto hole injection layers. Solution processing of OLEDs is a particularly important application.
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
9.
HOLE TRANSPORT COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED DEVICES AND METHODS (I)
A composition comprising: at least one compound comprising a hole transporting core, wherein the core is covalently bonded to a first arylamine group and also covalently bonded to a second arylamine group different from the first, and wherein the compound is covalently bonded to at least one intractability group, wherein the intractability group is covalently bonded to the hole transporting core, the first arylamine group, the second arylamine group, or a combination thereof, and wherein the compound has a molecular weight of about 5,000 g/mole or less. Blended mixtures of arylamine compounds, including fluorene core compounds, can provide good film formation and stability when coated onto hole injection layers. Solution processing of OLEDs is a particularly important application.
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
Compositions comprising at least one hole transport material, such as a conjugated polymer, and at least one dopant, providing improved thermal stability. Compositions can be applied to substrates and used in HIL and HTL layers and organic electronic devices such as light emitting devices such as OLEDs or OPVs. The conjugated polymer can be a polythiophene, including a 3,4-subsituted polythiophene or a regioregular polythiophene. The dopant can be a silver salt such as silver tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate. Improved methods of making dopant are provided.
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08K 5/56 - Organo-metallic compounds, i.e. organic compounds containing a metal-to-carbon bond
11.
COPOLYMERS OF 3,4-DIALKOXYTHIOPHENES AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND DEVICES
Copolymers of 3,4-dialkoxythiophenes are disclosed that are useful as electronics materials. Also disclosed are methods of making these copolymers, as well as compositions and devices incorporating them. Use of these materials in hole injection or hole transport layers is disclosed. Materials comprising these copolymers can be designed to provide solubility in some solvents and intractability in others, which is useful for the construction of multilayer materials for use in electronic devices.
Organic electronic devices, compositions, and methods are disclosed that employ electrically conductive nanowires and conducting materials such as conjugated polymers such as sulfonated regioregular polythiophenes which provide high device performance such as good solar cell efficiency. Devices requiring transparent conductors that are resilient to physical stresses can be fabricated, with reduced corrosion problems.
H01L 51/44 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation - Details of devices
13.
ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND POLYMERS, INCLUDING PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS AND DIKETONE-BASED POLYMERS
Polymers which can be used in p-type materials for organic electronic devices and photovoltaic cells. Compounds, monomers, dimers, trimers, and polymers comprising formula (I); Good photovoltaic efficiency and lifetime can be achieved. The R group can provide solubility, environmental stability, and fine tuning of spectroscopic and/or electronic properties. Different polymer microstructures can be prepared which encourage multiple band gaps and broad and strong absorptions. The carbonyl can interact with adjacent thiophene rings to provide backbone with rigidity, induce planarity, and reduce and/or eliminate intramolecular chain twisting defects. Polymers comprising benzodithiophene and/or benzothiadiazole structures can show particularly high performance.
C07D 333/00 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
C07D 333/38 - Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
C07D 333/78 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with rings other than six-membered or with ring systems containing such rings
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C09D 165/00 - Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCoating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
14.
ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND POLYMERS, INCLUDING PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS AND DIKETONE-BASED AND DIKETOPYRROLOPYRROLE-BASED POLYMERS
Polymers which can be used in p-type materials for organic electronic devices and photovoltaic cells. Compounds, monomers, dimers, trimers, and polymers comprising formula (I) and/or formula (VIII); wherein A1 and A2 each independently comprise a fused ring system comprising at least two fused rings directly covalently linked to the pyrrole rings. Good photovoltaic efficiency and lifetime can be achieved. The R group can provide solubility, environmental stability, and fine tuning of spectroscopic and/or electronic properties. Different polymer microstructures can be prepared which encourage multiple band gaps and broad and strong absorptions. The carbonyl can interact with adjacent thiophene rings to provide backbone with rigidity, induce planarity, and reduce and/or eliminate intramolecular chain twisting defects.
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
C07D 519/00 - Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups or
15.
POLYMERS COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE BITHIOPHENE REPEAT UNIT, METHODS SYNTHETISING SAID POLYMERS AND COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING THE SAME
A composition comprising a homopolymer or a copolymer comprising bithiophene units for use in, for example, low band gap materials including uses in organic photovoltaic active layers. The band gap and other properties can be engineered by polymerization methods including selection of monomer structure and ratio of monomer components. In addition, a dimer adapted for making alternating copolymers further comprising one first monomer moiety comprising at least one bithiophene moiety compound covalently linked to one second monomer moiety comprising a different bithiophene moiety or at least one moiety that is not a bithiophene. The composition can be copolymerized to form an alternating copolymer that can be further processed to form a polymeric film used in a printed organic electronic device. A series of novel copolymers are designed that would allow fabrication of materials with tailor made electronic and/or mechanical properties that can be easily manipulated through molecules chemical structure and potentially result in long term stability under ambient conditions that can be advantageous for use in organic electronics (e.g., OPVs, OLEDs, OFETs). Improved methods are disclosed for making monomers comprising a benzo[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene moiety that are useful as electronics materials.
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
16.
DYE AND CONDUCTIVE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN SOLID-STATE ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Compositions comprising dyes and conjugated polymers for use in organic electronic devices including solar cells are presented. Covalent linkage of a dye to a polymer or incorporation of a dye into a polymer allows tuning of electronic and spectroscopic properties of conjugated polymers and can improve the environmental stability and heat resistance of the system relative to a blended comparison. Compositions, devices, and methods are presented.
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08G 73/06 - Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromoleculePolyhydrazidesPolyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
C09B 69/10 - Polymeric dyesReaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
17.
PORPHYRIN AND CONDUCTIVE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN SOLID-STATE ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Compositions comprising porphyrinic macrocycles and conjugated polymers for use in organic electronic devices including solar cells are presented. Covalent linkage of a porphyrinic macrocycle to a polymer or incorporation of a pophyrinic macrocycle into a polymer allows tuning of electronic and spectroscopic properties of conjugated polymers and can improve the heat stability of the system relative to a blended comparison. Compositions, devices, and methods are presented.
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08G 73/06 - Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromoleculePolyhydrazidesPolyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
C09B 69/10 - Polymeric dyesReaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
Disclosed are methods of dispersing sulfonated polythiophenes in a non-aqueous solvent including replacing water for organic solvent without precipitation of the polythiophene. Once dispersed in a non-aqueous solvent, the sulfonated polythiophene can be mixed with a matrix polymer. The materials can be used in organic electronic devices including OLEDs and OPVs. The solvent processes can improve the viscosity properties. Sulfonated regioregular polythiophenes can be used. A benefit is improved solvent compatibility in building organic electronic devices and improved ability to formulate with matrix materials.
C08J 3/09 - Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
C08K 5/18 - AminesQuaternary ammonium compounds with aromatically bound amino groups
C08L 25/02 - Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
C08L 39/04 - Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as ring member
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
Post-polymerization treatment including dehalogenation of polymeric materials including debromination of polythiophenes. The polymers can be used in organic electronic devices like OLEDs and OPVs. Improved lifetime and stability can result.
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
20.
ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODE PHOTOTHERAPY LIGHTING SYSTEM
A lighting system includes a plurality of organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices. By selecting the plurality of OLED devices, or by selectively controlling the plurality of OLED devices, the color characteristics of the lighting system can be tuned. The lifespan of the lighting system can be improved.
Compositions for use in hole transporting layers (HTLs) or hole injection layers (HILs) are provided, as well as methods of making the compositions and devices fabricated from the compositions. OLED devices can be made. The compositions comprise at least one conductive conjugated polymer, at least one semiconducting matrix component that is different from the conductive conjugated polymer, and an optional dopant, and are substantially free of an insulating matrix component.
C09D 165/00 - Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCoating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
22.
DOPED INTERFACIAL MODIFICATION LAYERS FOR STABILITY ENHANCEMENT FOR BULK HETEROJUNCTION ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices comprising an organic semiconductor doped with a metal or organic dopant to form an interfacial modification layer, where the layer is disposed on an active layer including a conjugated polymer and a fullerene are described. In the layer, the organic semiconductor can be BPhen or TPBI, and the dopant can be a metal or an organic material. In the active layer, the conjugated polymer can be P3HT and the fullerene can be PCBM or indenyl-substituted fullerene. Improved OPV efficiency and lifetime can be achieved. Good testing results are obtained despite high humidity and high temperature, and modules can be made.
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
H01L 51/44 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation - Details of devices
23.
AMINOBENZENE COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED DEVICES AND METHODS
Oligomers and/or polymers comprising a backbone comprising arylamine and fluorinated alkyleneoxy moieties which may be crosslinked. Ink formulations and devices can be formed from the oligomers or polymers, or corresponding monomers. Doped compositions can be formed. Charge injection and transport layers can be formed. Improved stability can be achieved in organic electronic devices such as OLEDs and OPVs.
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
Improved organic electronic devices, including, photovoltaic devices, including use of a composition comprising a mixture comprising: (i) at least one p-type material, (ii) at least one n-type material, wherein the n-type material comprises an endohedral metallofullerene derivative represented by: E*-(R)n; and solvates, salts, and mixtures thereof, wherein n is at least one, E* comprises an endohedral metallofullerene having a surface which comprises six-membered and fϊve-membered rings; and R comprises at least one optionally substituted, unsaturated or saturated, carbocyclic or heterocyclic first ring, wherein the first ring directly bonds to the surface of the endohedral metallofullerene. Indenyl derivatization is a preferred embodiment.
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
Polymers comprising a backbone comprising at least one arylamine repeat moiety and at least one linking moiety, wherein the linking moiety does not comprise an aryl moiety. Ink formulations and organic electronic devices such as OLEDs or OPVs can be formed from the polymers and doped polymers. The polymers can be used in a hole injection layer, hole transport layer, a hole extraction layer, or as a host material in an emissive layer. Improved stability can be achieved in organic electronic devices such as OLEDs and OPVs.
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
26.
INTEGRATED ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC AND LIGHT EMITTING DIODE DEVICE
An integrated organic photovoltaic and electroluminescent device includes an organic light emitting diode and an organic photovoltaic. The OLED and the OPV share a common substrate building layer.
H01L 27/32 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including components using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part with components specially adapted for light emission, e.g. flat-panel displays using organic light-emitting diodes
H01L 27/30 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including components using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part with components specially adapted for either the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
Mosaic devices including an apparatus includes at least one electroluminescence (EL) device and a system substrate. The at least one EL device can be configured to be coupled mechanically and electrically to the system substrate. The system substrate can be configured to receive the at least one EL device at a non-discrete location or orientation. The system substrate can be a smart system substrate configured to automatically identify a device type. The EL device can be an area-emitting device such as an organic light emitting diode (OLED) device.
H01L 51/52 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED) - Details of devices
H01L 27/32 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including components using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part with components specially adapted for light emission, e.g. flat-panel displays using organic light-emitting diodes
F21V 19/00 - Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
28.
IMPROVED SOLVENT SYSTEM FOR FABRICATION OF ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS
Improved organic photovoltaic cells including a composition useful for forming an active layer which comprises (a) at least one p-type material, (b) at least one n-type material, (c) at least one first solvent and (d) at least one second solvent, wherein the first solvent is different from the second solvent, and the first solvent comprises at least one alkylbenzene or benzocyclohexane, and the second solvent comprises at least one carbocyclic compound. The second solvent can be used in lesser amounts but can improve efficiency in cells.
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
A lighting system comprising a plurality of organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices and a plurality of couplers that have indentations or protrusions oriented in the lateral direction to connect to one or more edges of the plurality of OLED devices, wherein each of the plurality of OLED devices comprises: a substrate, an anode, a cathode, an active region comprising an organic material, wherein the active region is electrically coupled to the anode and the cathode; and an encapsulation that isolates the active region from an ambient environment, wherein at least one of the plurality of couplers is configured to electrically and mechanically couple at least one of the plurality of OLED devices to another OLED device and at least one of the plurality of OLED devices to a power supply.
H01L 51/52 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED) - Details of devices
A lighting system includes a plurality of organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices. By selecting the plurality of OLED devices, or by selectively controlling the plurality of OLED devices, the color characteristics of the lighting system can be tuned. The lifetime of the lighting system can be improved.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
A plurality of organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices can be spatially distributed to form various lighting systems and luminaires. The lighting systems can be configured to readily replace conventional light bulbs or tubular fluorescent lamps. A networked lighting system including a plurality of OLED devices can have a variable light field based on a feedback.
H01L 51/52 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED) - Details of devices
32.
SULFONATED POLYTHIOPHENES COMPRISING FUSED RING REPEAT UNITS
A sulfonated polymer comprising a 3 -substituted fused thienothiophene repeat unit, a composition comprising the polymer, a method of making the polymer, and a device comprising the polymer. The polymers can be used in hole injection or hole transport layers, or other applications in organic electronic devices.
C08G 75/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08L 81/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon onlyCompositions of polysulfonesCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
An organic optoelectronic device includes a substrate, an anode, a cathode, an active region comprising an organic material, an encapsulation that isolates the active region from an ambient environment, wherein the encapsulation comprises a housing, and a first hermetically sealed electrical path through the housing, wherein the housing is bonded to the substrate on a substrate side opposite the side of the anode, cathode and active region.
H01L 51/52 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED) - Details of devices
34.
DOPED CONJUGATED POLYMERS, DEVICES, AND METHODS OF MAKING DEVICES
Use of certain materials in hole injection or hole transport layers can improve the operational lifetimes in organic electronic devices. Compositions comprising a doped conjugated polymer, doped with a redox dopant, including iodonium salt, can increase lifetimes. Inks can be formulated and cast as films in organic electronic devices including OLEDs, PHOLEDs, and OPVs. One embodiment provides a composition with a conjugated polymer doped with a redox dopant. Non-aqueous based inks can be formulated. Iodonium salts can be used.
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
Use of certain materials in hole injection layer and/or hole transport layer can improve operational lifetimes in organic devices. Polymers having fused aromatic side groups such as polyvinylnaphthol polymers can be used in conjunction with conjugated polymers. Inks can be formulated and cast as films in organic electronic devices including OLEDs, SMOLEDs, and PLEDs. One embodiment provides a composition comprising- at least one conjugated polymer, and at least one second polymer different from the conjugated polymer comprising at least one optionally substituted fused aromatic hydrocarbon side group. The substituent can be hydroxyl. Aqueous-based inks can be formulated.
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
C08G 61/10 - Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes
A composition comprising: at least one conjugated polymer, at least one second polymer comprising repeat units represented by: (I) optionally, -[CH2-CH(Ph-OH)]- and (II) -[CH2-CH(Ph-OR)]- wherein Ph is a phenyl ring and R comprises a fluorinated group, an alkyl group, an alkylsulfonic acid group, an alkylene oxide group, or a combination thereof. Other polymers can be used as second polymer including polymers comprising modified naphthol side groups. Used in hole injection and hole transport layers for organic electronic devices. Increased lifetime and better processability can be achieved. Versatility with useful OLED emitters can be achieved. Ink formulations can be adapted for ink jet printing. The conjugated polymer can be a polythiophene. Applications include OLEDs and OPVs.
C08L 25/18 - Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
37.
NOVEL COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS INCLUDING ALTERNATING COPOLYMERS COMPRISING DITHIENOPYRROLE UNITS
A composition comprising a copolymer comprising DTP units for use in, for example, low band gap materials including uses in organic photovoltaic active layers. The band gap and other properties can be engineered by copolymerization methods including selection of monomer structure and ratio of monomer components. In addition, a dimer adapted for making alternating copolymers further comprising one first monomer moiety comprising at least one DTP moiety compound covalently linked to one second monomer moiety comprising at least one non-DTP moiety or a different DTP moiety. The composition can be copolymerized to form an alternating copolymer that can be further processed to form a polymeric film used in a printed organic electronic device. A series of novel alternating dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]pyrrole (DTP)-based donor repeat unit copolymers were designed that would allow fabrication of materials with tailor made electronic and/or mechanical properties that can be easily manipulated through molecules chemical structure and potentially result in long term stability under ambient conditions that can be advantageous for use in organic electronics (e.g., OPVs, OLEDs, OFETs).
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
38.
FULLERENES AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF AND IMPROVED METHODS OF MAKING FULLERENES SUITABLE FOR ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES
Improved methods of fullerene derivative production including use of less solvent, or elimination of solvent, as well as use of shorter reaction times and higher reaction temperatures. Methods useful for production of bis-, tris-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa- fullerene derivatives. Indene is a preferred derivative. The derivatives used in active layers for solar cell applications.
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
A device comprising: at least one electrode, and at least one organic semiconductor layer, and an interfacial coating disposed between the electrode and the organic semiconductor layer, the coating comprising a polymer comprising regioregular polythiophene comprising (i) at least one organic substituent, and (ii) at least one sulfonate substituent comprising sulfonate sulfur bonding directly to the polythiophene backbone. The device can be a field effect transistor.
H01L 51/10 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; Capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier - Details of devices
40.
PORPHYRIN AND CONDUCTIVE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN SOLID-STATE ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Compositions comprising porphyrinic macrocycles and conjugated polymers such as polythiophene for use in organic electronic devices including solar cells are presented. Covalent linkage of a porphyrinic macrocycle to a polymer allows tuning of electronic and spectroscopic properties of conjugated polymers and can improve the heat stability of the system relative to a blended comparison. A composition comprising: at least one polymer comprising at least one porphyrinic macrocycle covalently linked to at least one conjugated polymer, wherein the porphyrinic macrocycle is metal-free is also presented. Inks can be formulated. Methods of making are provided.
C07D 487/22 - Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
C08G 61/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
H01L 31/00 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
Aryl-substituted conjugated polymers are described having improved properties. The polymers include a polymer backbone that includes heterocyclic repeat units. At least some of the heterocyclic repeat units have an aryl substituent attached thereto and at least some of these aryl substituents have a branched alkyl substituent attached thereto. The conjugated polymer are well-suited for use in a variety of electronic devices, including photovoltaic cells, light-emitting diodes, and transistors. Tunability of material, spectroscopic, and/or electronic properties is possible.
C08G 61/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
H01B 1/00 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
Synthesis of regioregular thiophene-based polymers (PTs) and their functionalized counterparts via metal assisted cross-coupling polymerizations utilizing mixed halogen substituted aryl halide monomer precursors. The described method provides a means to control structural homogeneity and regioregularity and the electronic/spectroscopic properties of functionalized PTs, and leads to improved performance of organic semiconductor devices such as OPVs and/or OFETs. Asymmetrical monomers can be used.
C08G 61/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
H01B 1/00 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors
H01B 1/12 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
A composition comprising: a thiophene or pyrrole comprising at least one substituent which is photoactive and releases an acidic molecule upon exposure to radiation. The thiophene or pyrrole can be, respectively, a polythiophene or a polypyrrole. The thiophene or pyrrole can be, respectively, a thiophene compound comprising one thiophene ring or a polypyrrole compound comprising one pyrrole ring. The acidic molecule can be a sulfonic acid. The substituent can comprise tosylate. The radiation can be UV-Vis radiation. Application included printed electronics and field effect transistors.
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
A device comprising: a transistor comprising: at least one source; at least one drain; at least one channel; at least one gate insulator comprising (i) a first surface defining a first side, and (ii) a second surface defining a second side and opposing the first surface and first side, wherein the source and the drain are disposed on the gate insulator first side; at least one gate disposed on the gate insulator second side; wherein the source, the drain, or both comprise at least one polymer adsorbed to the source, drain, or both to minimize contact resistance between the source and the channel, the drain and the channel, or both. The polymer can comprise conjugated repeat units, can be a polythiopene, and also can be a regioregular polythiopene.
H01L 51/10 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; Capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier - Details of devices
A device comprising: a transistor comprising: at least one source; at least one drain; at least one channel; at least one gate insulator comprising (i) a first surface defining a first side, and (ii) a second surface defining a second side and opposing the first surface and first side, wherein the source and the drain are disposed on the gate insulator first side; at least one gate disposed on the gate insulator second side; wherein the gate does not substantially overlap with the source or the drain so as to minimize parasitic capacitance, the device further comprising a substrate to support the transistor. The transistor can be adapted for a bottom-gate configuration or a top-gate configuration. The transistor can be a field effect transistor, an organic field effect transistor, or a thin- film transistor. A polymer substrate can be used. Applications include printed electronics.
H01L 51/10 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; Capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier - Details of devices
A device comprising: a transistor comprising: at least one source; at least one drain; at least one channel; at least one gate insulator comprising (i) a first surface defining a first side, and (ii) a second surface defining a second side and opposing the first surface and first side, wherein the source and the drain are disposed on the gate insulator first side; at least one first gate material disposed on the gate insulator second side; wherein the first gate material does not substantially overlap with the source or the drain so as to minimize parasitic capacitance, the transistor further comprises a second gate material disposed away from the second side so that the first gate material is between the gate insulator and the second gate material. The second gate material can comprise a metal. The second gate material can have a higher conductivity than the first gate material. The second gate material can substantially overlap with the source or the drain. The transistor can be adapted for a bottom-gate configuration or a top-gate configuration. Applications included printed electronics.
H01L 51/10 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; Capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier - Details of devices
A solvent system for a conjugated polymer that includes at least two different solvents, at least one first solvent and at least one second solvent wherein the second solvent comprises a heterocyclic ring to improve the characteristics of materials made therefrom. Use of the solvent system to improve the electronic and/or optoelectronic characteristics of materials that include conjugated polymers, such as polythiophenes, optionally including n-acceptors, which are cast from a composition that includes the solvent system. In some embodiments the improved characteristics include higher absorption of solar radiation, increased current densities and higher power conversion efficiencies. As a result, materials made with the present solvent systems are well-suited for use in a variety of electronic devices including, photovoltaic cells, light emitting diodes, and transistors.
C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
Nanostructures and quantum dots are used in photovoltaic cells or solar cells outside of the active layer to improve efficiency and other solar cell properties. In particular, organic photovoltaic cells can benefit. The quantum dot can absorb light which is not absorbed by the active layer and emit red-shifted light which is absorbed by the active layer. The active layer, the hole transport layer, or the hole injection layer can comprise regioregular polythiophenes. Quantum dots can form a quantum dot layer, and the quantum dot layer can be found between the light source and the active layer or on the side of the active layer opposite the light source. Quantum dots can also be used in electrode layers.
H01L 51/44 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation - Details of devices
patents