Abstract

A portable system for measuring airborne radionuclides from a target environment can include a primary gas flowpath including a cartridge dock. At least a first filter cartridge may be connectable to the cartridge dock and may include a cartridge gas inlet sealingly connectable to the sample supply port, a cartridge gas outlet sealingly connectable to the exhaust port; and a cartridge flowpath extending therebetween. The cartridge can include first and second filter chambers housing first and second filters. A gamma detector apparatus may be positionable adjacent the first filter cartridge when the first filter cartridge is connected to the cartridge dock and is configured to detect radiation emitted from the first filter and to detect radiation emitted from the second filter, and to generate a sensor output signal in based on the detected radiation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 7/04 - Collecting-means for receiving or storing samples to be investigated by filtration

Abstract

An apparatus for and a method of analyzing a sample. A laser section may include a laser arranged to direct a laser beam in a first direction towards the sample. The laser beam ablating and ionizing at least a portion of the sample to generate ions. An ion source section may include a sample holder for holding the sample. At least one component is arranged to apply an electric field for extracting at least a portion of the ions to form an ion beam traveling in a second direction. A time-of-flight section may include a detector arranged to receive the ion beam.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01J 49/40 - Time-of-flight spectrometers
• H01J 49/06 - Electron- or ion-optical arrangements

Abstract

A hydrogen fusible link may include a first link member having a thermally conductive material, and reaction region and a bonding region. A bonding material may be in a solid state at an operating temperature and may have a melting temperature that is greater than the operating temperature. A catalyst material may coat the reaction region and may facilitate an exothermic chemical reaction when exposed to gaseous hydrogen to produce heat, wherein heat produced by the catalyst material is conducted to the bonding region via the body to heat up the bonding material. When the catalyst material is exposed to a concentration of gaseous hydrogen that is at or above an activation concentration the reaction region produces sufficient heat to raise at least some of the bonding material above the melting temperature thereby failing at least some of the bonding material.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16B 1/00 - Devices for securing together, or preventing relative movement between, constructional elements or machine parts
• A62C 37/10 - Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
• B01J 23/42 - Platinum
• B01J 23/44 - Palladium
• C09K 3/00 - Materials not provided for elsewhere
• F16K 31/00 - Operating meansReleasing devices

Abstract

A non-destructive method for determining at least one of a cover depth and a cross-sectional area of at least a first ferrous rebar that is within a non-magnetic can include the steps of: a) establishing an electromagnetic circuit comprising the first ferrous rebar, a electromagnetic coupler, a first transmitter and a first receiver; b) introducing a first pulsed electromagnetic interrogation signal along the electromagnetic circuit; c) receiving a response electromagnetic signal having first magnitude that is induced in the first ferrous rebar and generating a corresponding response electrical signal; d) determining at least one of the cover depth and the cross-sectional area of the first ferrous rebar based on time information and the voltage information and generate a corresponding first output signal using a response signal processor; e) providing a first user output based on the output signal using a user output module.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01B 7/26 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring depth
• G01B 7/32 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring areas
• G01N 27/72 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables

Abstract

A method of detecting a material with a high atomic number, including positioning a test object in a muon detection apparatus; gathering a set of test data; reconstructing a set of test muon tracks; identifying a set of outlier muon tracks having large scattering events; identifying an outlier spatial domain region; determining outlier region scattering density estimates; determining if the outlier region scattering density estimates are indicative of the presence of the material with the high atomic number; generating a detector notification, when the outlier region scattering density estimates are indicative of the presence of the material with the high atomic number; and providing the detector notification to a user. A system for detecting a material with a high atomic number may include a muon detection apparatus and a processing system communicatively coupled to the muon detection apparatus and including at least one processor operable to generate a detector notification.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 23/20 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structureInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materialsInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using reflection of the radiation by the materials

Abstract

A method of detecting alpha particles may include providing a layer of a scintillating slurry comprising a granular scintillating material in water onto a measurement surface of a sample; positioning the sample having the scintillating slurry within a detection chamber of detection apparatus; detecting photons produced by the granular scintillating material in the scintillating slurry when the granular scintillating material is excited by ionizing alpha radiation emitted by alpha particles within the sample using a photon detector and generating a corresponding output signal; and removing the sample and the scintillating slurry from the detection chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/204 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a liquid

Abstract

A method of removing hydrogen interstitially dissolved within an object can include: positioning a sorption pad having a contact surface and comprising a sorptive material; urging the contact surface into metallurgical contact with the first target surface while at a treatment temperature that is greater than about 200 degrees Celsius; c) maintaining the metallurgical contact for a treatment period during which the hydrogen migrates from the target object to the sorptive material; and at the conclusion of the treatment period, separating the contact surface from the first target surface and moving the sorption pad and any hydrogen sequestered therein away from the object.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 9/14 - Refining in the solid state
• B01D 15/08 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
• C01B 3/00 - HydrogenGaseous mixtures containing hydrogenSeparation of hydrogen from mixtures containing itPurification of hydrogen
• C01G 25/00 - Compounds of zirconium
• G21C 17/017 - Inspection or maintenance of pipe-lines or tubes in nuclear installations

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a radiation detection vehicle with a directional radiation detection system. The radiation detection vehicle may include a body, a motor supported by the body and configured to propel the vehicle, at least a first power source connectable to the body and configured to provide power to the vehicle, and a directional radiation detection system supported by the body. The directional radiation detection system may include a radiation detector configured to detect incident radiation and a directional shielding assembly configured to partially shield the radiation detector by preventing a portion of the incident radiation originating from a first incident direction from reaching the radiation detector, the directional shielding assembly including the first power source.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 7/00 - Details of radiation-measuring instruments
• B60R 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• G01T 1/20 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors

Abstract

A method of determining a distance to a discontinuity within an object may include the steps of: a) generating a continuous, frequency modulated input signal having a predetermined frequency range and a frequency ramping speed using a signal generator and splitting the input signal into at least a test signal and a reference signal; b) generating an input sound wave based on the test signal and continuously introducing the input sound wave into the object using a transmitter and simultaneously receiving a reflected sound wave reflected by a discontinuity within the object and generating a corresponding return signal using a receiver; c) determining a frequency difference value based on a comparison of the reference signal and the return signal using a controller; and d) automatically determining a distance from the transmitter to the discontinuity within the object based on at least the frequency difference value and the frequency ramping speed.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 15/32 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
• G01N 29/46 - Processing the detected response signal by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis
• G01S 15/88 - Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method to improve the anti-tumour effects of immune checkpoint therapy by combining the use of a checkpoint inhibitor with ultralow dose whole body irradiation. The present invention enhances the anti-tumour effects of immune checkpoint therapy by reducing tumour volume as well as shortening the response time of the immune checkpoint therapy, as compared to immune checkpoint therapy on its own.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/395 - AntibodiesImmunoglobulinsImmune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
• A61N 5/10 - X-ray therapyGamma-ray therapyParticle-irradiation therapy
• A61P 35/00 - Antineoplastic agents
• C07K 16/28 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants

Abstract

A nuclear fuel element for use in a nuclear reactor may include a plurality of metal fuel sheaths extending along a longitudinal fuel element axis and spaced apart from each other, the plurality of fuel sheaths comprising a first fuel sheath having an inner surface, an opposing outer surface and a hollow interior configured to receive nuclear fuel material. A carbon coating may be on the inner surface of the first fuel sheath. The carbon coating may include more than 99.0%wt of a carbon material including more than 20%wt of carbon nanotubes and less than about 0.01 %wt of organic contaminants.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/174 - DerivatisationSolubilisationDispersion in solvents
• C01B 32/15 - Nanosized carbon materials
• C01B 32/158 - Carbon nanotubes
• C01B 32/159 - Carbon nanotubes single-walled
• G21C 3/20 - Details of the construction within the casing with coating on fuel or on inside of casingDetails of the construction within the casing with non-active interlayer between casing and active material

Abstract

A method for assaying a wall of a pressure tube for a nuclear reactor is disclosed. The wall has a matrix material and deuterium nuclei in the matrix material. The method includes: (a) transmitting gamma rays into the matrix material to induce photodisintegration of at least some of the deuterium nuclei, whereby reaction particles of the nuclei are emitted from the wall; (b) detecting at least some of the reaction particles emitted in step (a) using a particle detector; and (c) generating particle signals in response to detecting the particles in step (b).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 23/221 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by measuring secondary emission from the material by activation analysis
• G21C 17/017 - Inspection or maintenance of pipe-lines or tubes in nuclear installations
• G21C 1/08 - Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being highly pressurised, e.g. boiling-water reactor, integral-superheat reactor, pressurised-water reactor

Abstract

In one aspect, a method of preconditioning stem cells comprising exposing stem cells to low dose radiation (LDR) is provided. In another aspect, a population of preconditioned stem cells is provided, wherein the population of 5 preconditioned stem cells is obtained by exposing stem cells to LDR. Uses of the preconditioned stem cells are also provided. In other aspects, the stem cells are muscle stem cells.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 5/074 - Adult stem cells
• A61K 35/545 - Embryonic stem cellsPluripotent stem cellsInduced pluripotent stem cellsUncharacterised stem cells
• A61K 35/34 - MusclesSmooth muscle cellsHeartCardiac stem cellsMyoblastsMyocytesCardiomyocytes
• A61K 35/44 - VesselsVascular smooth muscle cellsEndothelial cellsEndothelial progenitor cells
• A61K 41/00 - Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation
• A61P 21/00 - Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
• C12N 15/01 - Preparation of mutants without inserting foreign genetic material thereinScreening processes therefor

Abstract

An article formed of a metal alloy is covered at least partially with a metal hydride and a shell metal to form an assembly. Load is applied to the assembly and the assembly is heated. The shell metal deforms around the article and the metal hydride and forms a gas proof seal. The metal hydride thermally decomposes to form hydrogen gas. At least a portion of the hydrogen gas dissociates and moves as monoatomic hydrogen into the article. The metal alloy can be a zirconium metal alloy, the metal hydride can be a zirconium metal hydride, and the shell metal can be substantially copper.

IPC Classes  ?

• C23C 8/08 - Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfacesChemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
• C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
• C22C 16/00 - Alloys based on zirconium
• C23C 8/06 - Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfacesChemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
• G21C 17/00 - MonitoringTesting

Abstract

A system for monitoring fissile material contents inside of a nuclear reactor can include at least a first neutron detector positioned outside a radiation shield and configured to detect a plurality of neutrons originating from the reactor core and having passed through the radiation shield, and configured to generate a first output signal, and a controller communicably linked to the first neutron detector to receive the first output signal and a power output of the nuclear reactor.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21C 17/00 - MonitoringTesting
• G01T 3/00 - Measuring neutron radiation

Abstract

A system for monitoring ionizing radiation in a target area, the system may include a first plurality of consumable nodes deployable within the target area to be exposed to the ionizing radiation. Each consumable node may be progressively damageable over a monitoring time as a result of exposure to the ionizing radiation. A base station may be operable to detect an amount of radiation damage sustained by the consumable nodes and to determine a dosage of ionizing radiation received by any one of the consumable nodes based on a pre- determined correlation between the dosage of ionizing radiation and the amount of radiation damage sustained by the consumable node.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/02 - Dosimeters
• H04W 84/18 - Self-organising networks, e.g. ad hoc networks or sensor networks
• H01L 23/552 - Protection against radiation, e.g. light

Abstract

An apparatus for use in making localized passive measurements of electromagnetic radiation emitted from an object located in a radioactive environment includes a hollow elongate conduit having a first end, a second end, and a reflective inner surface. The first end of the conduit is positionable in the radioactive environment proximate the object, and the second end of the conduit is positionable outside the radioactive environment. The conduit has at least one bend between the first end and the second end, such that light entering the first end of the conduit is reflected by the inner surface of the conduit at least once as it travels through the conduit before reaching the second end. A detector in optical communication with the second end of the conduit is configured to detect electromagnetic radiation that reaches the second end.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/22 - Measuring radiation intensity with Cerenkov detectors
• G01D 5/12 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
• G01T 1/20 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
• G01T 1/204 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a liquid
• G08C 23/00 - Non-electric signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems

Abstract

An apparatus for adhering a filament to a surface can include a body having a filament inlet port, at least a first filament outlet port spaced apart from the filament inlet port, and at least a first filament travel path extending between the filament inlet port and the first filament outlet port. A reservoir chamber can form a portion of the first filament travel path between the filament inlet port and the first filament outlet port and can contain a viscous adhesive material. Imparting relative axial movement between the body and a first filament can urge the first filament along the first filament travel path and through the reservoir chamber so that the first filament is coated with the viscous adhesive material when exiting via the first filament outlet port, for adhesion to the surface.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 6/46 - Processes or apparatus adapted for installing optical fibres or optical cables
• C09J 5/00 - Adhesive processes in generalAdhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
• G01D 11/00 - Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable

Abstract

A system and method for non-destructive analysis of a structure. A probe acquires a transient time based reference signal and at least one test signal. The reference signal and test signals are transformed to the frequency domain. The frequency domain test signal can be normalized using the frequency domain reference signal. Parameters of interest are evaluated at each test location by iteratively determining estimated parameter values, generating an estimated frequency domain test signal using the estimated parameter values and determining the convergence between the estimated frequency domain test signal and the normalized frequency domain test signal. The parameters values are determined as the estimated parameter values resulting in a maximized convergence between the estimated signal and the normalized test signal. The parameter values can be used to visualize and model various features of the structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/90 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents

Abstract

A surface treating apparatus for treating an inner surface of a bore containing a shaft may include a body connectable to a drive apparatus and configured to movably receive a shaft extending through a bore, and at least one surface treating member connected to and movable with the body relative to the shaft, the at least one surface treating member sized to be inserted within an annular gap formed between the shaft and an inner surface of the bore and to bear against the inner surface of the bore when the shaft is received by the body.

IPC Classes  ?

• B24B 33/02 - Honing machines or devicesAccessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution, e.g. of cylindrical or conical shapes
• B24B 33/08 - Honing tools

Abstract

A hydrogen storage assembly includes at least one wafer formed of a substrate material that produces metal hydride when exposed to a hydrogen-rich carrier fluid. The wafer can be supported by a housing and arranged so that the hydrogen-rich carrier fluid can flow over a reaction surface of the wafer. At least one heating element can be arranged to transfer heat to the wafer to attain an operating temperature suitable for hydrogen charging on the reaction surface. A de-activation material may be provided on the reaction surface for inhibiting formation of surface oxide that impedes hydrogen absorption during charging and hydrogen desorption during discharging. The at least one wafer can include a plurality of monolithic plate wafers spaced apart about a central axis of the assembly. The at least one wafer can include a plurality of monolithic disc wafers in at least one stacked arrangement.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/00 - HydrogenGaseous mixtures containing hydrogenSeparation of hydrogen from mixtures containing itPurification of hydrogen
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• C01B 6/00 - Hydrides of metalsMonoborane or diboraneAddition complexes thereof
• C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids

Abstract

A hydrogen storage assembly includes at least one wafer formed of a substrate material that produces metal hydride when exposed to a hydrogen-rich carrier fluid. The wafer can be supported by a housing and arranged so that the hydrogen-rich carrier fluid can flow over a reaction surface of the wafer. At least one heating element can be arranged to transfer heat to the wafer to attain an operating temperature suitable for hydrogen charging on the reaction surface. A de-activation material may be provided on the reaction surface for inhibiting formation of surface oxide that impedes hydrogen absorption during charging and hydrogen desorption during discharging. The at least one wafer can include a plurality of monolithic plate wafers spaced apart about a central axis of the assembly. The at least one wafer can include a plurality of monolithic disc wafers in at least one stacked arrangement.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/00 - HydrogenGaseous mixtures containing hydrogenSeparation of hydrogen from mixtures containing itPurification of hydrogen
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
• C01B 6/00 - Hydrides of metalsMonoborane or diboraneAddition complexes thereof

Abstract

A method of preparing magnetite particles may include providing a first solution of substantially ferrous sulphate. The first solution may be converted by replacing sulphate ions with chloride ions to produce a second solution of substantially ferrous chloride. The second solution may be oxidized to produce a third solution of substantially iron oxide. A system for purifying a solution of substantially iron oxide may include a solution reservoir, at least one membrane unit, and at least one pump for circulating the solution between the solution reservoir and the membrane unit. The solution may be delivered from the solution reservoir to an inlet of the membrane unit, and/or the solution may be returned from an outlet of the membrane unit to the solution reservoir.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 49/08 - Ferroso-ferric oxide [Fe3O4]

Abstract

A conduit can include a sidewall and at least a first cavity can be disposed in the sidewall. The first cavity may include a first base surface portion and an opposing first cover surface portion disposed radially between the first base surface portion and the first inner surface so that a first portion of the sidewall is provided radially between the first cover surface portion and the inner surface. A first aperture may be in communication with the first cavity and may be axially spaced apart from the first cover surface portion. A first sensor may have a transducer portion insertable through the first aperture and positioned within the first cavity. The transducer portion may be disposed radially between the first base surface portion and the first cover surface portion and being axially spaced apart from the first aperture.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21C 17/10 - Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
• G01D 11/24 - Housings
• G21C 17/112 - Measuring temperature
• G01K 7/04 - Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples the object to be measured not forming one of the thermoelectric materials

Abstract

A cross-over fluid coupling includes a first coupling end and a second coupling end. A plurality of first conduits extend between the first and second coupling ends. Each first conduit includes an inner end, an outer end, and a first conduit sidewall extending between the outer and inner ends. A plurality of second conduits extend between the first and second coupling ends. Each second conduit includes an outer end that is disposed toward the first coupling end, an innerend that is spaced apart from the outer end toward the second coupling end in the axial direction, and a second conduit sidewall extending between the outer and inner ends, and being configured so that a straight line extending between a first geometric centroid and a second geometric centroid does not intersect the first conduit sidewall and is at an angle less than about 15 degrees relative to the axial direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16L 39/00 - Joints or fittings for double-walled or multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies

Abstract

A portable detection apparatus includes a fluid inlet to acquire a stream of fluid, a fluid outlet and a fluid flowpath therebetween. A pump circulates the fluid through the fluid flowpath. A gamma spectrometer and a mercury analyzer engage the fluid flowpath to analyze and detect radiation emitted by the fluid. A filter trap is in the fluid flowpath downstream from the gamma spectrometer and the mercury analyzer. The filter trap includes a valve assembly and at least a first and second filter for collecting gaseous constituents from the fluid. Each filter is removably connected to the first valve assembly. The valve assembly has a first configuration, in which the first filter is fluidly connected to the fluid flowpath and the second filter is fluidly isolated from the fluid flowpath, and a second configuration, in which the second filter is fluidly connected to the fluid flowpath and the first filter is fluidly isolated from the fluid flowpath.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 7/04 - Collecting-means for receiving or storing samples to be investigated by filtration
• G01N 1/24 - Suction devices
• G01N 1/34 - PurifyingCleaning
• G01T 1/16 - Measuring radiation intensity
• G01T 7/02 - Collecting-means for receiving or storing samples to be investigated
• G01W 1/00 - Meteorology

Abstract

A packing assembly for a valve includes a first segment having at least one first guiding surface, and a second segment having at least one second guiding surface in engagement with at least a portion of the at least one first guiding surface. A shape-memory member couples the first and second segments. The shape-memory member may be formed of a material that is responsive to changes in temperature, so that, in response to a change in temperature, the shape-memory member may cause relative movement of the first and second segments in a first direction. In response to the movement, the first and second guiding surfaces may cause relative displacement of the first and second segments in a second direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16J 15/18 - Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
• F16K 3/00 - Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing

Abstract

With a water, particulate and fibre mixture, a method of quantifying fibre content may include providing a sample of the mixture, filtering the sample to produce a particulate and fibre mixture, burning the particulate and fibre mixture to produce a fibre sample, and dissolving the fibre sample to produce a fibre solution. The fibre solution may be analyzed to determine an elemental content of the fibre solution. The elemental content may be compared to a known elemental content to estimate the fibre content.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21C 15/00 - Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the coreSelection of specific coolants

Abstract

A method of measuring ionizing radiation may include the steps of: a) creating charged particles; b) causing the charged particles to generate the electrons; c) collecting at least a portion of the multiplied free electrons using at least two anode pads provided within the chamber, each anode pad producing a corresponding anode output signal, to provide higher sensitivity; and d) recording each anode output signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/28 - Measuring radiation intensity with secondary-emission detectors
• G01T 1/185 - Measuring radiation intensity with ionisation-chamber arrangements
• H01J 47/04 - Capacitive ionisation chambers, e.g. the electrodes of which are used as electrometers

Abstract

A regulator apparatus for distributing a fluid may include a charging valve assembly and a flow multiplier assembly. In a recharge mode, a valve of the charging valve assembly is in an open position, and the fluid is received in a second cylinder of the flow multiplier assembly, causing first and second pistons of the flow multiplier assembly to move in a first direction. In a purge mode, the valve is in the seated position, and the fluid is received in a first cylinder of the flow multiplier assembly, causing the first and second pistons to move in a second direction, and discharging an outlet flow through an outlet of the flow multiplier assembly. The second cylinder may have a bore cross sectional area that is greater than a bore cross sectional area of the first cylinder. Apparatuses disclosed herein may be implemented in a circumferential sampling tool.

IPC Classes  ?

• F15B 21/00 - Common features of fluid actuator systemsFluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• F16J 1/00 - PistonsTrunk pistonsPlungers

Abstract

A sealing apparatus for mitigating emissions of a hazardous gas flowing between first and second regions. A body of the apparatus includes at least one inlet, at least one outlet spaced apart from the at least one inlet, and a channel connecting the at least one inlet and the at least one outlet in fluid communication. Treatment material housed in at least a portion of the channel is adapted to treat the hazardous gas to form a conditioned gas. In use, the hazardous gas being emitted from the first region is received at the at least one inlet, and the conditioned gas is discharged to the second region at the at least one outlet. The apparatus may be used in combination with a storage container housing radioactive or other toxic waste.

IPC Classes  ?

• A62D 3/30 - Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
• F16L 55/07 - Arrangement or mounting of devices, e.g. valves, for venting or aerating or draining
• F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
• G21F 5/12 - Closures for containersSealing arrangements
• G21F 9/02 - Treating gases

Abstract

A fuel assembly for a pressure-tube nuclear reactor includes a fuel channel assembly. The fuel channel assembly has an outer conduit and an inner conduit received within the outer conduit. The conduits define an annular fuel bundle chamber for receiving a flow of a coolant in one direction. The inner conduit includes a central flow passage for receiving a flow of the coolant in an opposite direction. A fuel bundle positioned within the fuel bundle chamber consists of fuel elements arranged to form an inner ring surrounding the inner conduit, and an outer ring surrounding the inner ring. The coolant may be light water, and geometries of the fuel assembly may be selected so moderation by the volume of coolant promotes generally uniform power distribution in the fuel elements.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21C 3/328 - Relative disposition of the elements in the bundle lattice
• G21C 1/20 - Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being substantially not pressurised, e.g. swimming-pool reactor moderator and coolant being different or separated, e.g. sodium-graphite reactor coolant being pressurised moderator being liquid, e.g. pressure-tube reactor
• G21C 15/06 - Arrangement or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant, e.g. for coolant circulation through the supports of the fuel elements from fissile or breeder material in fuel elements

Abstract

A nuclear fuel bundle may include a first end face and a second end face axially spaced apart from the first end face and a plurality of elongate nuclear fuel elements supported by at least one spacer. The plurality of fuel elements and spacer being sized to be removably received within the fuel channel assembly. A coolant tube passage may extend axially through the fuel bundle between a first aperture in the first end face and a second aperture in the second end face. The coolant tube passage sized to removably receive a coolant fluid downflow tube provided in the fuel channel assembly. The tube passage extending from the first end face to the second end face to enable the coolant fluid downflow tube to pass through the fuel bundle.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21C 3/322 - Means to influence the coolant flow through or around the bundles

Abstract

A method of collecting 3He from a nuclear reactor may include the steps of a) providing heavy water at least part of which is exposed to a neutron flux of the reactor, b) providing a cover gas in fluid communication with the heavy water, c) operating the nuclear reactor whereby thermal neutron activation of deuterium in the heavy water produces tritium (3H) and at least some of the tritium produces 3He gas by .beta.- decay and at least a portion of the 3He gas escapes from the heavy water and mixes with the cover gas, d) extracting an outlet gas stream, the outlet gas stream comprising a mixture of the cover gas and the 3He gas and e) separating the 3He gas from the outlet gas stream.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21G 1/02 - Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation, or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes in nuclear reactors
• B01D 53/46 - Removing components of defined structure
• G21C 19/303 - Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor coreArrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core with continuous purification of circulating fluent material, e.g. by extraction of fission products specially adapted for gases

Abstract

An apparatus for holding radioactive objects includes a base and a central pillar extending upwardly between a bottom end coupled to the base and a top end above the base. A plurality of inner segments are spaced around the central pillar, and a plurality of outer segments are spaced around the inner segments to form pairs. The inner segments, the outer segments and the central pillar may be coupled together to permit limited radial movement of at least one of the segments of each pair. Each pair may define a generally vertical, object- receiving channel arranged between the inner and outer segment of the pair. The segments of each pair may be adapted to bear against an object in the channel of the pair to laterally restrain the object and facilitate heat transfer from the object.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21F 5/10 - Heat-removal systems, e.g. using circulating fluid or cooling fins

Abstract

A portable detection apparatus can include a housing, a first detector for detecting ionizing radiation from a first subject and a second detector within the housing for the detecting the background radiation. A shield within the housing can surround the first and second detectors and define a shield aperture around the first and second detectors for radiation from the subject to enter the housing. A radiation blocking member can substantially block at least a portion of the ionizing radiation from reaching the second detector, whereby radiation detected by the second detector comprises substantially only the background radiation. A processor module can be connected to the first and second detectors for determining the amount of ionizing radiation detected by the first detector attributable to secondary radiation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/161 - Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting
• G01T 1/163 - Whole-body counters
• G01T 1/202 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
• G01T 7/00 - Details of radiation-measuring instruments
• G01T 7/12 - Provision for actuation of an alarm

Abstract

A pressure-tube nuclear reactor can include an outer shell having an interior to contain a moderator at a first pressure and a coolant plenum to receive the coolant fluid at a second pressure, the second pressure being greater than the first pressure. The reactor also includes a plurality of pressure tubes. Each pressure tube is received within and extends through a corresponding shell tube and is configured to releasably retain at least one fuel bundle. A first end of each pressure tube being coupled to the plenum tubesheet in fluid communication with the plenum chamber and a second end of each pressure tube fluidly connected to a coolant conduit to enable the coolant fluid to flow between the coolant plenum and each pressure tube and to flow from the nuclear reactor for further processing.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21C 1/10 - Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being highly pressurised, e.g. boiling-water reactor, integral-superheat reactor, pressurised-water reactor moderator and coolant being different or separated
• G21C 5/12 - Moderator or core structureSelection of materials for use as moderator characterised by composition, e.g. the moderator containing additional substances which ensure improved heat resistance of the moderator
• G21C 13/04 - Arrangements for expansion and contraction
• G21C 15/02 - Arrangement or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant, e.g. for coolant circulation through the supports of the fuel elements
• G21C 15/20 - Partitions or thermal insulation between fuel channel and moderator, e.g. in pressure tube reactors
• G21C 15/28 - Selection of specific coolants

Abstract

37 ABSTRACT A nuclear reactor can include a pressure vessel for containing a pressurized moderator at a first pressure. The nuclear reactor can also include a plurality of fuel channels for a coolant fluid at a second pressure. The plurality of fuel channels are fluidly connected at inlet ends thereof to a coolant supply conduit and are adapted to receive nuclear fuel bundles and to be mounted within the pressure vessel and surrounded by the moderator. The outlet ends of the fuel channels are fluidly connected to a coolant outlet conduit to enable the coolant fluid to circulate from the coolant supply conduit through the fuel channels to the coolant outlet conduit. The plurality of fuel channels maintain separation between the coolant fluid circulating within the fuel channels and the moderator. CA 2796487 2017-09-13

IPC Classes  ?

• G21C 1/06 - Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated
• G21C 1/08 - Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being highly pressurised, e.g. boiling-water reactor, integral-superheat reactor, pressurised-water reactor
• G21C 19/19 - Reactor parts specifically adapted to facilitate handling, e.g. to facilitate charging or discharging of fuel elements