The invention concerns the field of continuous casting technology and describes a continuous casting machine, a design method and a method for continuously casting elongated products using a high mass flow rate. The continuous casting machine for casting liquid metal in order to form a strand for producing billets or blooms at a mass throughput of 1.5 to 3.0 t/min is characterized in that the part of the mold in contact with the strand has a wall thickness, in the region of the bath level, ranging between 3% and 8% of the shortest distance between two opposite sides of the casting format, the length of a support region is less than 5.5 m, the surface of the strand is cooled by spray cooling to a surface temperature of less than 950 °C over the entire region ranging from 0.6 to 11 m downstream of the bath level, and the surface of the strand is cooled to a surface temperature of less than 900 °C over the entire region ranging from 3 to 7 m downstream of the bath level.
The invention relates to a method (100) and a device (20) for bulk material analysis and to a bulk material production system (10) and a computer program product. According to the invention, individual bulk material bodies (16) of a bulk material (12) are identified (S2) in a 3D data set (14). For each identified bulk material body (16), a compensation calculation is carried out (S3), in which the bulk material body (16) is reconstructed from the 3D data set (14) on the basis of data (D) associated with the bulk material body (16). A bulk material characteristic (C) is then determined (S4) on the basis of in each case at least one parameter value which is obtained in the compensation calculations and characterizes the relevant identified bulk material body (16).
The present invention relates to a continuous casting and rolling system (10) and to a method (200) for the continuous production of hot strip (12). The following are provided: i) a casting machine (20) for casting (S1) a metal strand (14); ii) a first separating device (30) for separating (Y3; Z4) the cast metal strand (14); iii) a descaling device (40) for descaling the cast metal strand (14); iv) a single roll stand group (50) for rolling (S3) the cast or descaled metal strand (14) to form a hot strip (12); v) a cooling section (60) for cooling (S4) the rolled hot strip (12) to a coiling temperature; vi) at least two coilers (80, 82) for coiling (S5) the cooled hot strip (12); and vii) a second separating device (70), which is arranged between the cooling section (60) and the at least two coilers (80, 82), for separating (S6) the coiled hot strip (12) from the subsequent hot strip (12).
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
The invention relates to a method for determining a cable state of a hoisting cable of a hoisting system (10) and to a hoisting system (10), wherein a sensor device (25), a control unit (15) having an evaluation device (40), a data interface (45) connected to the evaluation device (40) for data exchange, a data memory (35) connected to the evaluation device (40) for data exchange, and a hoisting cable (20) having a plurality of wires are provided, wherein at least one pattern set of a plurality of pattern signal profiles is stored in the data memory (35), wherein each pattern signal profile is assigned information about a wire break (B), wherein at least one cable section (110) of the hoisting cable (20) is moved past the sensor device (25), wherein the sensor device (25) provides to the evaluation device (40) a second sensor signal which characterises an interaction between the sensor device (25) and the hoisting cable (20) moved past the sensor device (25), wherein the evaluation device (40) determines a second signal profile (120) over the cable section (110), wherein the evaluation device (40) determines a wire break (B) in the cable section (110) by assigning a pattern signal profile of the pattern set which matches the second signal profile (120).
The invention relates to a method for determining a rope condition of a rope (20, 530, 535) and to a transport system (10), wherein a sensor device (25) having at least one first sensor unit (70), a data memory (35), and a rope (20, 530, 535) are provided, wherein the rope (20, 530, 535) is moved past the first sensor unit (70) along an available rope length, wherein the first sensor unit (70) generates a first sensor signal, wherein a first signal profile of the first sensor signal is determined, depending on the first rope position (p1(l)), as a first reference characteristic (100) of the rope (20, 530, 535), wherein a rope section (110) of the rope (20, 530, 535) is moved past the first sensor unit (70), wherein the first sensor unit (70) generates a second sensor signal depending on a second rope position (p2(l)) of the rope (20, 530, 535), wherein a second signal profile (120) is determined depending on the second rope position (p2(l)), wherein the second signal profile (120) is assigned to a partial section (116) of the first reference characteristic (100), wherein the partial section (116) of the first reference characteristic (100) assigned to the second signal profile (120) is updated using the second signal profile (120), wherein the updated reference characteristic is stored as a second reference characteristic (125).
33-containing reducing gas is used and the reducing gas is fed to a reduction reactor which holds the iron oxide-containing material in an interior. Specifically in the regions of the interior in which components of the reducing gas are reducing, the temperature is prevented from falling below 680°C.
The present invention relates to a method (100) and a system (10) for characterizing a direct reduction process, to a direct reduction plant (1) and to methods (200, 300) for machine learning of models (16, 24) usable in such a method (100) and system (10). For a reduction process currently taking place in at least one reactor (3) of a direct reduction plant (1), parameter values (A, B, C, D, E) of a predetermined number of different process parameters are determined (S1). On the basis of the parameter values (A, B, C, D, E) determined, a machine-learned model (16) then classifies a reactor operating state (30) defined by the parameter values (A, B, C, D, E) under an operating category (X, Y, Z) (S2).
A combined casting and rolling mill is initially operated in continuous operation in a known manner, so that the continuous casting mill and the rolling mill are coupled to one another by the cast metal strand (4). Presently relevant is a special operation which begins when the pouring of the liquid metal (1) into the continuous casting mold (2) is ended. The metal strand (4) is then still drawn off from the continuous casting mold (2), but at a lower draw-off speed (v2) at least at the beginning of the special operation. Furthermore, a last portion (17) of the metal strand (4) which, upon the transition into the special operation, is located in the continuous casting mold (2) and in an adjoining upper region of the strand guide (5) is cooled to a greater extent in the strand guide (5). An adjoining earlier portion (18) of the metal strand (4) is cooled as before or to a slightly lesser extent. The metal strand (4) is cut only after the termination time (t1). The cutting time (t5) is selected such that the remaining portion (23) comprises the last portion (17), which is cooled to a greater extent, and possibly a small part of the immediately preceding portion (18) of the metal strand (4). The entire part of the metal strand (4) lying in front of the cutting point (20) is rolled to form the metal strip with the normal strip thickness (d3N).
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B22D 11/12 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
The invention relates to a continuous casting and rolling system (10), to a method (200) for continuous strip production, and to a method (300) for batch strip production. A casting machine (20) for continuously casting (S1; Z1) a metal strand (2), a first separating device (30) arranged downstream of the casting machine (20) in the transport direction (R) for separating (Z3) the metal strand (2), and a first roll stand group (40) arranged downstream of the first separating device (30) in the transport direction (R) for rolling (S4; Z6) the metal strand (2) or slabs (4) separated therefrom are provided. The transport distance (T) between the first separating device (30) and the first roll stand group (40) is 50 m or less.
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
The present invention relates to a method (100) and a system (10) for processing installation data (D) and to a method (200) for creating an installation description (A). To this end, i) a description (A) of an installation (20) stored on a server (30) in a predetermined file format is accessed (S2) using a terminal (40); ii) the installation data (D), which characterises an operating state of the system (20), is retrieved (S3) by the server (30); and, iii) the installation description (A) stored on the server (30) is enriched with the retrieved installation data (D) and output (S4) via the terminal (40).
11.
RUN-OUT STRIP COOLING ON A REVERSING ROLLING MILL FOR COLD-ROLLED METAL STRIP
TmaxBBii determined for the process of rolling the strip (2) are not influenced by the forward control or the online control according to the invention.
B21B 1/36 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length in a non-continuous process in reversing mills, e.g. with intermediate storage reels for accumulating work by cold-rolling
B21B 37/74 - Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
The invention relates to a rolling device (36) which has a plurality of roll stand groups (38), at least one coil (40) for receiving a rolled product (12), and rotary shears (10) for separating a continuous rolled product (12). The rotary shears (10) also have a first blade holder (16), which is positioned above a run-through plane (14) and is provided with two upper blades (20), and a further blade holder (18), which is positioned below the run-through plane (14) and is provided with two lower blades (22). For the purpose of separating the rolled product (12) in a direction transverse to a run-through direction (24) of the rolled product (12), one of the two upper blades (20) and one of the two lower blades (22) are in each case provided as a pair. Furthermore, said rotary shears (10) are positioned between a last of the plurality of roll stand groups (38) and the at least one coil (40).
The present invention relates to a method (100) and a system (10) for characterising a smelting process in a blast furnace (3), to a smelting plant (1) and to a method (200; 300) for machine learning of models (16; 24) which can be used in such a method (100) and system (10). Parameter values (A, B, C, D, E) of a predetermined number of different process parameters are determined (S1) for the smelting process currently taking place in the blast furnace (3). Preferably, at least one of the process parameters represents a gas distribution of the blast furnace (3). A machine-learned model (16) assigns (S2) a blast furnace operating state (30), defined by the parameter values (A, B, C, D, E), to an operating category (X, Y, Z) on the basis of the determined parameter values (A, B, C, D, E).
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
14.
ENERGY-EFFICIENT PRODUCTION OF ROLLED PRODUCTS WITH A LARGE FINAL THICKNESS
The invention relates to a method (100a, 100b) for operating a casting and rolling plant (10). According to the method (100a, 100b), a continuous strand (12) is produced (102) by means of casting. The continuous strand (12) is fed (104) to a first roll stand group (14). In an operating state of a first type (118), a portion (16) is separated (106) from said continuous strand (12) after passing through the first roll stand group (14), preferably by means of pendulum shears (18). The portion (16) separated from the continuous strand (12) is then fed (108) to another roll stand group (20) for processing. Furthermore, the portion (16) separated from the continuous strand (12) is accelerated (110) between the first roll stand group (14) and the other roll stand group (20).
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 45/00 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
15.
BLOWING-OUT DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE BLOWING-OUT DEVICE
The invention relates to a blowing-out device (20), to a system (10), and to a method for operating the blowing-out device (20), wherein the blowing-out device (20) has at least one flow distributor (90), a housing opening (95) and a blow-out opening (100), wherein the blowing-out device (20) extends along an axis (55) between the housing opening (95) and the blow-out opening (100) which is opposite the housing opening (95), wherein between the housing opening (95) and the blow-out opening (100), the blowing-out device (20) encloses a protective space (135), wherein a sensor device (25) can be positioned at the housing opening (95) and the blow-out opening (100) can face the dust-laden environment (60), wherein the flow distributor (90) has at least a first nozzle arrangement (140) with at least a first passage opening (155), a first inner wall (105) and a first channel arrangement (170) with at least a first connecting channel (185), wherein the first inner wall (105) extends from the housing opening (95) towards the blow-out opening (100) and circumferentially encloses the protective space (135) at least in certain portions, wherein the first nozzle arrangement (140) is spaced apart from the housing opening (95) on the first inner wall (105), wherein a first channel portion (190) of the first connecting channel (185) opens at the first passage opening (155) and has an obliquely inclined orientation with respect to the axis (55), wherein a pressurized protective gas (65) can be conducted via the first connecting channel (185) to the first passage opening (155) and from the first passage opening (155) into the protective space (135).
B08B 5/02 - Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
G01N 21/15 - Preventing contamination of the components of the optical system or obstruction of the light path
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
16.
REVISION SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE REVISION SYSTEM FOR RENEWING A REFRACTORY LINING IN A FURNACE HOUSING OF A FURNACE, IN PARTICULAR AN ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE
The invention relates to an improved revision system (10) and an improved method for operating the revision system (10), wherein the revision system (10) comprises at least one extraction device (15) and a melting furnace vessel (30), wherein the melting furnace vessel (30) extends along an axis (35) and comprises a refractory lining (65), a furnace floor (130), an interior space (60), and a furnace wall (50) which adjoins the furnace floor (130) and peripherally delimits the interior space (60), wherein the melting furnace vessel (30) has, in the furnace wall (50), a first opening (135) with a furnace door (150) and a second opening (140) arranged axially opposite the furnace floor (130) with respect to the axis (35), wherein the refractory lining (65) covers at least part of an inner side (55) of the melting furnace vessel (30), wherein the furnace door (150), when closed, closes the first opening (135) and, when open, permits access to the interior space (60) through the first opening (135), wherein the extraction device (15) has at least one extraction pipe (70) and a conveying device (75), wherein a pipe opening (110) of the extraction pipe (70) is arranged at the first opening (135), wherein the conveying device (75) is designed to extract dust-laden exhaust air (85) from the interior space (60) through the first opening (135) and the pipe opening (110) into the extraction pipe (70), and fresh air (190) is to be supplied into the interior space (60) through the second opening (140).
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
A dissipator includes a hydraulic inductor, a hydraulic resistor and a hydraulic capacitor for damping vibrations in a roll stand for producing flat metal rolled material. The dissipator has an intermediate piece with a first hydraulic interface for directly hydraulically-mechanically linking to an adjusting cylinder of the roll stand. Via a second hydraulic interface, a valve block with a control valve for the adjusting cylinder can be directly hydraulically-mechanically linked to the dissipator. The intermediate piece can be formed as a rigid block, to which the hydraulic resistor and the hydraulic capacitor are detachably fluidically connected. The hydraulic inductor is introduced into the block, preferably in the form of a tubular cavity and fluidically connected to the first and second hydraulic interfaces.
The invention relates, on the one hand, to a strand guide unit for a continuous casting system for producing a strand, comprising strand guide rollers for guiding a strand on both sides and, on the other hand, to a continuous casting system. One object of the invention is to create a strand guide unit that produces a temperature distribution on the surface of the strand which is as uniform as possible during the continuous casting process. This influences the temperature distribution in the strand and improves the quality of the end product. The object is achieved in that the strand guide rollers of the strand guide unit each have at least three centre bearing points, wherein the at least two centre rolls each have the same length in the width direction. The two edge rolls of each strand guide roller have a difference in length to each other in the width direction that corresponds to half the length of a centre roll including half the width of a centre bearing point. Viewed in the casting direction, directly adjacent strand guide rollers are each mirrored around a plane that runs along half the total length of the strand guide rollers in the casting direction.
A method for the reduction of a metal oxide-containing material in which a reducing gas that is obtained using ammonia (NH3) is used. The reducing gas is supplied to a reduction reactor containing the metal oxide-containing material, and a top gas is discharged from the reduction reactor. At least one sub-quantity of the top gas is used as components in the preparation of the reducing gas, optionally after the top gas is prepared. A device for the reduction of the metal oxide-containing material that includes a reduction reactor, a top gas discharge line for discharging top gas, a supply line for an ammonia contribution, a preparation system for preparing the reducing gas, a supply line for the ammonia contribution leading into the preparation system, and a feed line for feeding the reducing gas and/or a precursor of the reducing gas to the reduction reactor.
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
The invention relates to a driver (51) and to a method for operating a driver (51) of a rolling mill having a reel, the driver (51) being designed to control the feeding of the rolled material to the reel by means of a driver roll (5, 53, 55) which contacts the rolled material. The driver (51) has a sensor unit (1) for capturing a surface structure of the driver roll (5, 53, 55). The sensor unit (1) comprises a sensor support (9) with a plurality of laser sensors (7) which are designed to each output a divergent laser light beam (23) onto the surface (54, 56) of the driver roll (53, 55) and to receive laser light (29). The driver (5) can have a control unit (11) for capturing the surface structure of the driver roll (53, 55) on the basis of the reflected laser light (29). For the purpose of demounting, the sensor unit (1) can be arranged such that it can be removed from the driver (51) by means of a lifting device or such that it can be laterally led out of the driver (51).
B21C 47/04 - Winding-up or coiling on or in reels or drums, without using a moving guide
B21C 51/00 - Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses
G01B 11/245 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using a plurality of fixed, simultaneously operating transducers
G01B 11/25 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. moiré fringes, on the object
G01N 21/88 - Investigating the presence of flaws, defects or contamination
G01N 21/952 - Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
21.
DISPENSING DEVICE FOR INTERMITTENTLY DISPENSING A COOLING MEDIUM ONTO A CAST STRAND
A dispensing device that intermittently dispenses a cooling medium onto a cast strand in a continuous casting installation. The dispensing device has a housing with at least one inlet opening for letting the cooling medium into the housing and a dispensing opening for dispensing the cooling medium out of the housing. A switching valve is arranged in the housing and is designed to open and close the dispensing opening. The switching valve has a sleeve, which is filled with a working fluid and which, on the dispensing opening side, is closed with a closure in a fluid-tight manner. The closure has a switching element, which, by controlling the pressure in the working fluid, is displaceable relative to the sleeve into a closing position in which the switching element closes the dispensing opening.
B22D 11/124 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
B05B 1/08 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities
B05B 1/30 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
B22D 11/22 - Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
33 and carbon-containing gas is used. During the process of obtaining the reducing gas, a first gas stream, which contains ammonia, is subjected to an ammonia cracking process, and a cracked gas stream is produced. A second gas stream, which contains carbon, is subjected to a reforming process, and a reformed gas stream is produced. At least one sub-quantity of the cracked gas stream and at least one sub-quantity of the reformed gas stream are combined, and heat accumulated during the reforming process is supplied to the ammonia cracking process. The invention also relates to a device for the reduction (10) of a metal oxide-containing material, comprising: a reducing assembly (30), a reducing gas feed line (40) which opens into the reducing assembly (30), a first gas stream line (50) for ammonia-containing gas, a second gas stream line (70) for carbon-containing gas, a device for the ammonia cracking process (60), a reforming device (80), a cracked gas stream line (61), a reformed gas stream line (81), and a combined gas stream line (90). The first gas stream line (50) opens into the device for the ammonia cracking process (60), and the second gas stream line (70) opens into the reforming device (80). The cracked gas stream line (61) goes out from the device for the ammonia cracking process (60), and the reformed gas stream line (81) goes out from the reforming device (80). The cracked gas stream line (61) and the reformed gas stream line (81) open into the combined gas stream line (90). A heat supply device (100) is provided for supplying heat from the heat accumulated during the reforming process in the reforming device (80) to the device for the ammonia cracking process (60).
C21B 5/06 - Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
The invention relates to a method for the reduction of a metal oxide-containing material, wherein a reducing gas which is obtained using ammonia NH3 and carbon-containing gas is used. During the process of obtaining the reducing gas, a mixture which comprises ammonia and carbon-containing gas is provided. At least one sub-quantity of the mixture is first subjected to ammonia-cracking conditions at a temperature in a range with an upper limit of 650 °C, and a cracked gas mixture is produced. At least one sub-quantity of the cracked gas mixture is then subjected to reforming conditions at a temperature in a range with a lower limit of 700 °C. A device for this purpose comprises a reducing assembly (30), a reduced gas feed line (40) which opens into the reducing assembly (30), a supply line for carbon-containing gas (50), and an ammonia supply line (60). The invention is characterized in that the supply line for carbon-containing gas (50) and the ammonia supply line (60) open into a mixture line (70), and the mixture line (70) opens into a device for an ammonia cracking process (80). A cracked gas mixture line (90) goes out from the device for the ammonia cracking process (80), said cracked gas mixture line opening into a reforming device (100), and a reformed gas line (110) goes out from the reforming device (100), said reformed gas line opening into the reduced gas feed line (40).
C21B 5/06 - Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
A method that includes casting liquid metal in the mould of the strand casting system, extracting a metal strand from the mould using rollers of the strand guide of the strand casting system, determining a measurement variable, which correlates to the fluctuation of the casting level in the mould, cyclically changing the spacing of the opposing rollers of the strand guide in directions opposite to the fluctuations of the casting level to reduce fluctuations of the casting level, and detecting casting level fluctuation frequencies and providing at least one observer, which determines the actual value (ACT) of the roller spacing being used as one of the input variables for the observer in order to compensate a phase shift and/or amplitude of the actual value (ACT) of the roller spacing.
The present invention is in the field of combined casting and rolling processes, which can be carried out in a continuous mode and in a batch mode. The object of the present invention is to provide a compact installation that is intended for producing a metal strip and can be operated both in continuous mode and in a batch mode. The object is achieved on the one hand by an outfeed device (5a) and an infeed device (5b) being arranged between the first casting installation (1) and a rolling mill (8). The outfeed device (5a) can outfeed cut first slabs (40) transversely to the casting direction (G). Directly downstream of the outfeed device (5a) is an infeed device (5b) which has a heating furnace (5c) and is intended for infeeding cut slabs (41). The distance (L) between the end of the first casting installation (1) and the start of the rolling mill (8) is less than 100 m, preferably less than 80 m, particularly preferably less than 60 m.
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 13/22 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 39/00 - Arrangements for moving, supporting, or positioning work, or controlling its movement, combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B21B 45/00 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
26.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TREATING EXHAUST GAS OF A MAIN PROCESS
The invention relates to an apparatus (1) for treating exhaust gas (2) of a main process (3), comprising a filter unit (4), which has a first and a second filter stage (5, 6), and a gas feed line (11) for feeding the exhaust gas (2) from the main process (3) to the filter unit (4). The first filter stage (5) comprises a first filter (7) and a second filter (8); the second filter stage (6) comprises a third filter (9). The third filter (9) is disposed in the filter unit (4) between the first filter (7) and the second filter (8). The gas feed line (11) has a device (12) for dividing the incoming exhaust gas (2) among a first and a second gas feed line (13, 14). A gas transfer system (18) is used to transfer the partial gas flows (16, 17), after flow through the first and second filters (7, 8), to the third filter (9). The gas transfer system (18) has a main-additive feed device (21) for feeding a main additive (22) to the exhaust gas. Discharge devices (23, 25, 27) are provided for discharging filter products (24, 26, 28) removed by the filters (7, 8, 9). The invention also relates to a method for treating exhaust gas of a main process by means of the apparatus according to the invention.
B01D 53/83 - Solid phase processes with moving reactants
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
B01D 46/32 - Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material the material moving during filtering
B01D 46/58 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in parallel
B01D 46/62 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
B01D 46/66 - Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
B01D 53/10 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents
B01D 39/08 - Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
27.
BRIDGING AN INTERRUPTION IN PRODUCTION IN A COMBINED CASTING-ROLLING INSTALLATION
A method and a device that bridge an interruption in production in a combined casting-rolling installation to provide a combined casting-rolling installation for producing a hot-rolled finished strip, in which, in the case of an interruption, also thick precursor material having a thickness of >30 mm can be separated in a rapid and reliable manner from the next precursor material.
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 13/22 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
28.
TEMPERATURE-RAISING DEVICE, ROLLING EQUIPMENT PROVIDED WITH SAME, AND METHOD FOR RAISING TEMPERATURE OF CAST SLAB
The present invention is provided with: a first temperature-raising device provided on a rolling line between a continuous casting machine 12 and a roughing mill 70; a second temperature-raising device provided on a temperature-raising line different from the rolling line; a first slab conveyance device 40 configured to be capable of moving a slab 100 between the outlet side for the slab 100 in the rolling line of the first temperature-raising device and the inlet side for the slab 100 in the temperature-raising line of the second temperature-raising device; and a second slab conveyance device 42 configured to be capable of moving the slab 100 between the inlet side for the slab 100 in the rolling line of the first temperature-raising device and the outlet side for the slab 100 in the temperature-raising line of the second temperature-raising device. The first temperature-raising device has a first induction heating slab heater 20, and the second temperature-raising device has a second induction heating slab heater 22. As a result, the present invention provides: a temperature-raising device with which it is possible to improve the temperature-raising efficiency before feeding a cast slab to the roughing mill as compared with the prior art; rolling equipment provided with the same; and a method for raising the temperature of the cast slab.
B22D 11/12 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
29.
GAS COMPRESSION IN HYDROGEN-BASED DIRECT REDUCTION
A direct reduction plant that includes a catalytic reformer and/or a gas furnace and a gas compression plant having one or more compressors. The gas compression plant includes at least one compression stage, and wherein at least one gas cooler for compressed gas. A direct introduction line for introducing gas directly into the reformer and/or into the gas furnace proceeds from the gas compression plant or the gas cooler. A bypass is provided at least at one of the compressors. During operation, at least a portion of the compressed gas is cooled and compressed gas from the gas compression plant or the gas cooler is introduced directly into the reformer and/or the gas furnace. At least intermittently, a portion of a gas compressed by a compressor is returned by means of the bypass.
The invention relates to a stirrer roller (55, 60) for a continuous casting machine (10) for producing a hot strand (40) and to a continuous casting machine (10) comprising such a stirrer roller (55, 60), said stirrer roller (55, 60) having a first barrel (70) which is rotatably mounted about a first rotational axis (65), a second barrel (75) which is rotatably mounted about the first rotational axis (65), a connecting unit (81), a first coil assembly (85) with at least one first electric coil (165), a second coil assembly (90) with at least one second electric coil (170), and an intermediate bearing (80), wherein the connecting unit (81) and the intermediate bearing (80) are arranged axially between the first barrel (70) and the second barrel (75) with respect to the first rotational axis (65), and the intermediate bearing (80) engages around the circumference of the connecting unit (81) and is designed to support a respective force (F) from the first barrel (70) and the second barrel (75). The connecting unit (81) electrically connects the first electric coil (165) to the second electric coil (170) in a series circuit, and the first coil assembly (85) and the second coil assembly (90) are designed to generate a respective magnetic field which acts radially outwards relative to the first barrel (70) and the second barrel (75) when the first electric coil (165) and the second electric coil (170) are energized.
A die (for a continuous casting installation) that includes a movably mounted frame having a first subframe and a second subframe; a first broad-side insert which is positioned on the first subframe; and a second broad-side insert which is positioned on the second subframe. Narrow sides each having a narrow-side copper plate and abuting the two broad-side inserts are positioned between the two broad-side inserts. The die also has: a clamping device which is designed to exert, on the subframes, a clamping force that acts between the subframes; and an oscillation drive which is designed to make the frame oscillate in and counter to a horizontal width direction (H) relative to the narrow sides. A spring band assembly which guides the subframes is positioned on each subframe on sides which are opposite one another in the width direction (H).
The present invention describes a method and a device for data processing for automatically adjusting parameters in a mathematical model. The technical problem consists in improving a computer-implemented method for automatically adjusting parameters in a mathematical model for the monitoring and/or open-loop/closed-loop control of a production process for steelmaking, said improvement being achieved by optimizing parameters. Input variables comprising at least one measured value are fed into the mathematical model, and the mathematical model outputs output variables that are used for the monitoring and/or open-loop/closed-loop control of the production processes. The technical problem is solved in that the input variables and the parameters are recorded at least in part, wherein operands comprise at least one process variable, for which measurands are also available. A cost function of differences is determined which evaluates the deviation between said measurands and the corresponding operands, with a sensitivity vector being determined from the cost function of differences and from the parameters. By means of an optimization method, parameters are determined progressively such that the cost function of differences is minimized.
B22D 11/12 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
B22D 11/128 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
B21B 1/02 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling heavy work, e.g. ingots, slabs, billets, in which the cross-sectional form is unimportant
34.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR APPLYING A LUBRICANT DURING COLD ROLLING OF A ROLLING PRODUCT ON A ROLLING STAND
The invention relates to a method and a system (20) for applying a lubricant (11) during cold rolling of a metal rolling product (2) on a rolling stand (1) having two work rolls (3, 4) spaced apart from one another by a roll gap (7). The lubricant (11) is dispensed by a plurality of single-material nozzles (23), each designed as a flat jet nozzle, either onto a surface (2.1, 2.2) of the rolling product (2) or onto a surface of the work roll (3, 4). Each single-material nozzle (23) dispenses an amount of lubricant in the range of 200 ml/min to 500 ml/min at a pressure in the range of 2 bar to 10 bar, and the amount of lubricant dispensed by each single-material nozzle (23) is adjusted such that the amount of lubricant dispensed by the single-material nozzle (23) per unit area onto the surface (2.1, 2.2) of the rolling product (2) or onto a surface of a work roll (3, 4) is essentially independent of the current rolling speed.
B21B 27/10 - Lubricating, cooling, or heating rolls externally
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
35.
STRAND GUIDE OF A CONTINUOUS-CASTING INSTALLATION HAVING A MOVABLE SEPARATING DEVICE
Liquid metal (3) is cast to form a metal strand (4) by means of a continuous-casting die (2) of a continuous-casting installation (1). The cast metal strand (4) is drawn off from the continuous-casting die (2) at a drawing-off rate (vA) in a drawing-off direction (x) by means of a strand guide (5) of the continuous-casting installation. When it is being drawn off from the continuous-casting die (2), the cast metal strand (4) has a solid strand shell (6) and a still-liquid core (7), which gradually solidifies while the cast metal strand (4) is running through the strand guide (5). A control device (14) controls a separating device (10) of the continuous-casting installation (1) as and when required in such a way that the separating device (10) detaches an already solidified portion (11) of the metal strand (4) from the cast metal strand (4) at a cutting location (12). The cutting location (12) is that location along the strand guide (5) at which the detachment of the already solidified portion (11) from the cast metal strand (4) begins. Before the respective detachment, the respective cutting location (12), as seen in the drawing-off direction (x), is known to the control device (14) individually for the respective detaching operation. Before the respective detachment, the control device (14) positions the separating device (10) at the respective cutting location (12), as seen in the drawing-off direction (x).
A conveying device for conveying metal strip coils. The conveying device includes: at least one coil carrier to carry a metal strip coil; two conveying stations arranged at different heights and each designed to receive one coil carrier; and a conveyor track extending between the conveying stations and having a conveyor drive by means of which a coil carrier can be conveyed on the conveyor track between the conveying stations. Each conveying station is tiltable between a first end position in which the conveying station is oriented horizontally and a second end position, wherein the conveying station has an inclination in the second end position which corresponds to the inclination of the conveyor track and adjoins the conveyor track so that a coil carrier can be conveyed by means of the conveyor drive from the conveyor track into the conveying station and from the conveying station onto the conveyor track.
B21D 43/00 - Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profilesAssociations therewith of cutting devices
37.
INDUCTIVE HEATING USING A CONTROL MODE SWITCH-OVER PROCESS
An elongated rolled product (2) made of metal is conveyed through a working region (3) of an inductive heating element (1) in a transport direction (x) by means of a transport device (4) such that first a rolled product head (6), then a starting region (7) which adjoins the rolled product head (6), then a central piece (8) which adjoins the starting region (7), then a terminating region (9) which adjoins the central piece (8), and finally a rolled product foot (10) which terminates the terminating region (9) enter the working region (3) and then later exit the working region (3). The working region (3) is the region in which the inductive heating process is carried out. The starting region (7), the central piece (8), and the terminating region (9) are defined in that at a first point in time (t1) at which the rolled product head (6) exits the working region (3), the transition from the starting region (7) to the central piece (8) enters the working region (3) and at a second point in time (t2) at which the rolled product foot (10) enters the working region (3), the transition from the central piece (8) to the terminating region (9) exits the working region (3). Prior to the first point in time (t1) and after the second point in time (t2), the controller (11) operates the inductive heating element (1) according to a voltage control, and between the first and second point in time (t1, t2), the controller operates the inductive heating element according to a power control.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A DUAL-PHASE STEEL STRIP IN A COMBINED CASTING AND ROLLING SYSTEM, A DUAL-PHASE STEEL STRIP PRODUCED BY MEANS OF THE METHOD, AND A COMBINED CASTING AND ROLLING SYSTEM
A method for producing a dual-phase steel strip in a system having a finish-rolling train with a first stand group that includes at least one first finish-rolling stand, and a second stand group that includes at least one stand cooler. The system has a cooling section that includes a first cooling section group and a second cooling section group. Immediately following finish-rolling of a finish-rolled strip, the finish-rolled strip is fed to the second stand group, and force-cooled to a second exit temperature (TA2) so that upon exiting the second stand group the strip has a predominantly austenitic structure. Once the force-cooling stops, a ferritic and austenitic structure forms in the finish-rolled strip during transport. The finish-rolled strip is force-cooled to a fourth exit temperature (TA4) in the second cooling section group so that, upon exiting, the finish-rolled strip has a dual-phase structure composed of martensite and ferrite.
Work roll balance force setting method of rolling mill. Determine kiss roll load Pk, rolling load Pr, and rolling torque Tr of work rolls relative to work roll angle θx of tip position of rolled material between start and completion of biting of rolled material using mill longitudinal rigidity coefficient K and rolling condition. Determine traction coefficient μrt between work and intermediate rolls, and maximum value μrtmax of μrt in relation to θx when hypothetical work roll balance force Pb is applied from sum P of Pk, Pr, and Pb, and Tr between start and completion of biting. Compare tolerated value μrter of μrt with μrtmax. Work roll balance force at start of biting reset to equal to or larger than required when μrt assumes maximum value μrtmax, and equal to or smaller than limit based on strength of rolling mill, when μrter is equal to or larger than μrtmax.
B21B 13/14 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load
B21B 13/02 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged horizontally
B21B 31/20 - Adjusting rolls by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis
The invention relates to a dry granulator (10), wherein: the dry granulator (10) has a housing (15) and an atomizer (20), which is arranged in the housing (15) and has an atomizer element (55) mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation (45); the housing (15) has a first housing inner wall (70), with a first housing inner-wall section (295) and a second housing inner-wall section (305); the atomizer element (55) has a wall (115) and a floor (110); on an axially remote axial side in relation the the floor (110), the wall (115) has a rim (125) located axially at a distance from the floor (110); the rim (125) extends varyingly between a first high point (185) and a first low point (190); the rim (125) is at a closer distance from the floor (110) at the first low point (190) than at the first high point (185); the rim (125), between the first high point (185) and the first low point (190), inclusive, is designed to spray molten material (35) from the atomizer element (55) along different trajectories (291, 296) in the direction of the first housing inner-wall section (295) and the second housing inner-wall section (305).
A pedestal bearing that has a pedestal bearing housing with a bearing seat, a cooling duct system with at least one cooling duct, and an anti-friction bearing arranged in the bearing seat and has an anti-friction bearing outer ring. The bearing seat has a first inner circumferential side. The pedestal bearing housing has a first contact surface and is configured to transmit a bearing force (F) from the anti-friction bearing outer ring to the first contact surface. The cooling duct extends circumferentially and is configured to conduct a coolant, which can be fed into the cooling duct in order to cool the anti-friction bearing and/or the pedestal bearing housing. The first inner circumferential side of the bearing seat of the pedestal bearing housing delimits the cooling duct radially on the outside and the anti-friction bearing outer ring delimits the cooling duct radially on the inside.
The invention is in the field of steel manufacture, specifically in the field of steel manufacture using an electric arc furnace. The aim of the present invention is to offer a cost-effective solution and to allow for different expansion behaviors of the materials used. This aim is achieved in that the side wall (3) and a first portion of the melting vessel base, which is connected to the closed side wall (3), are manufactured from a metal, preferably steel having magnetic properties. A second portion of the melting vessel base (4), which is enclosed by the first portion, is designed as a recess (5); the recess (5) is closed by a cover sheet (10) having non-magnetic properties. The cover sheet (10) has an overlapping support face which rests on the first portion; the cover sheet (10) is mounted floatingly. Stops (11) that are arranged accordingly ensure that the cover sheet (5) always has an overlapping support face (4a) across the entire periphery of the recess (5).
C21C 5/52 - Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
F27D 11/12 - Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces with electromagnetic fields acting directly on the material being heated
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
F27D 11/06 - Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer
The present invention relates to the field of continuous casting technology and describes a hydraulic system and a continuous casting plant. The hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic station (1), downstream of which at least one pressure amplifier having a control device (8) is connected, which pressure amplifier can output high pressure at the outlet. At least one valve assembly (5b) is connected to an output of the pressure amplifier having the control device (8), and the valve assembly (5b) can supply a downstream hydraulic actuator (5a) with high pressure. The continuous casting plant contains the hydraulic system, comprising a hydraulic station (1) for providing an operating pressure, as well as a plurality of strand guide units for guiding the strand and/or reducing the thickness of a casting strand, which have (hydraulic actuators 5a) for adjusting the casting gap. At least one pressure amplifier having the control device (8) is connected downstream of the hydraulic station, which pressure amplifier is supplied with the operating pressure at the input and can output high pressure at the output. At least one strand guide unit having at least one hydraulic actuator (5a) is connected, via an upstream valve assembly (5b), to an output of the pressure amplifier having the control device (8).
A six-high rolling (also known as sexto) mill stand that is suited for hot rolling an intermediate strip into a thin strip that is less than 0.8 mm thick. A combined casting and rolling installation that includes the six-high rolling mill stand allowing for hot rolling in long uninterrupted sequences, without any change of the work rolls to obtain a strip with good geometry due to moderate rolling forces.
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 13/02 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged horizontally
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B21B 37/42 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates using a combination of roll bending and axial shifting of the rolls
B21B 37/44 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates using heating, lubricating or water-spray cooling of the product
B22D 11/12 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
B22D 11/128 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
45.
OPERATING METHOD FOR A METALLURGICAL PLANT IN IRON OR STEEL PRODUCTION
During the operation of a metallurgical plant (1, 9, 10) in iron or steel production, a gas (2) containing solid particles (4) is produced. Samples of the gas (2) are repeatedly taken. By means of analysis of the samples taken, at least one analysis value (n) of the gas (2) is determined in each case. Based on the determination of the analysis value (n), at least one process parameter (P) of the metallurgical plant (1, 9, 10) is updated. The objective is for the at least one analysis value (n) of the gas (2) to come closer to a target value (n*). The at least one analysis value (n) is a quantity of solid particles (4) based on a predetermined amount of the gas (2).
The invention relates to an overall system which comprises, as sub-systems, a DRI system (1), an electrolysis system (4), a hydrogen store (6) and a supply device (7). The DRI system (1) and the electrolysis system (4) are connected to an electricity-supply network (2) for receiving electricity, the DRI system (1), the electrolysis system (4) and the hydrogen store (6) are interconnected for transferring hydrogen, and the DRI system (1) and the supply device (7) are interconnected for supplying the DRI system (1) with natural gas and/or ammonia. Information about current states (Z1, Z4, Z6, Z7) of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7); at least one desired production plan (PP) for the DRI system (1) for a forecast horizon (PH); a cost (B1) for electricity received via the electricity-supply network (2) which cost can at least be expected; and a cost (P2, B3) for the natural gas and/or ammonia which cost can at least be expected, is obtained by a controller (8). The controller (8) calculates operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) for the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) for the forecast horizon (PH) and determines final states (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7') that can be expected for the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) on the basis of the current states (Z1, Z4, Z6, Z7) and the operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7). The controller (8) varies the calculated operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) for the forecast horizon (PH) and varies, on the basis thereof, the final states (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7') that can be expected so as to minimize a cost function (K). The costs for receiving electricity from the electricity-supply network (2) and for consuming natural gas and/or ammonia, and losses of hydrogen located in the hydrogen store (6) enter into the cost function (K). The operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) and/or assessments of the expected final states (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7') of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) which final states can be expected also enter into the cost function (K). The productivity of the DRI system (1) also enters into the cost function (K). The controller (8) operates the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) according to the varied operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) at least for the beginning of the forecast horizon (PH).
G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
A process for production of a TRIP steel strip that includes
supplying a finished strip to a first cooling group of a cooling sector to force-cool the core of the finished strip to a second exit temperature (TA2) in the range 620° C. to 700° C., whereby, upon exiting the first cooling group, the core has a predominantly austenitic microstructure, transporting the finished strip to a third cooling group establishing, during the transport, a second cooling rate of the core of the finished strip in the range −25 K/s to 20 K/s to convert a first portion of the austenitic microstructure into a ferritic microstructure, force-cooling the core of the finished strip in the third cooling group to a third exit temperature (TA3) which is not more than the bainite starting temperature (BS) to at least partially convert a second portion of the austenite into a bainitic microstructure.
C21D 9/52 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for wiresHeat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for strips
B21B 1/26 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous process by hot-rolling
B22D 11/00 - Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
B22D 11/14 - Plants for continuous casting, e.g. for upwardly drawing the strand
C21D 1/18 - HardeningQuenching with or without subsequent tempering
The invention relates to a cast-rolling combination plant (10) which has a finish-rolling mill (55) and a cooling section (65), wherein: following the finish rolling of the finished strip (165), the finished strip (165) is fed to a first cooling group (166) in the cooling section (65), and a core of the finished strip (165) is force-cooled to a second exit temperature (TA2) in the first cooling group (166), the second exit temperature (TA2) being in the range of 620-700°C; when exiting the first cooling group (166), the core has a predominantly austenitic structure; the finished strip (165) is conveyed to a third cooling group (168) which is spaced from the first cooling group (166); while the finished strip (165) is being conveyed, the cooling rate of the core of the finished strip (165) changes to a second cooling rate; the second cooling rate of the core amounts to -25 K/s to 20 K/s, and, while the finished strip is being conveyed, a first portion of the austenitic structure in the finished strip (165) is converted into a ferritic structure; in the third cooling group (168), the core of the finished strip (165) is force-cooled to a third exit temperature (TA3) which is less than or equal to the bainite starting temperature (BS), so that a second portion of the austenite in the finished strip (165) is converted at least in part into a bainitic structure.
The invention relates to a device (1) and a method for removing cooling lubricant during rolling of a rolled strip (100) in a cold rolling system having at least one roll stand. The device (1) comprises a squeezing roller (3) which is arranged between a first and a second roll rack (21, 21') of the roll stand. The squeezing roller (3) is mounted in a holder (2) to rotate about a rotational axis (R) and comprises a roller casing (15) and an internal electric rotary drive (5) which is designed as an internal rotor. By means of a positioning device (4), the squeezing roller (3) can be positioned against the rolled strip (100). An open- and closed-loop control device (30) actuates the rotary drive (5) synchronously to a current speed (v) of the rolled strip (100) behind the roll stand such that the roller casing (15) rolls on a surface (101) of the rolled strip (100) without slip and guides cooling lubricant from the rolled strip (100) in a lateral direction.
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
50.
GAS-WITHDRAWAL DEVICE AND GAS-ANALYSIS DEVICE FOR WITHDRAWING A HOT, DUST-LADEN GAS FROM A WASTE-GAS LINE OF A METALLURGICAL INSTALLATION
The present invention relates to the field of gas withdrawal of dust-laden gas in metallurgical installations, and to the preparation of the gas for the purpose of gas analysis. The invention relates to a gas-withdrawal device (1) for withdrawing a hot, dust-laden gas from a waste-gas line (2) of a metallurgical installation, in particular of an oxygen top-blowing converter or an electric-arc furnace. The hot, dust-laden gas contains ferromagnetic particulate material. A withdrawal tube (3) is arranged in the waste-gas line in such a way that a partial flow of the gas is withdrawn, wherein the following are located downstream of the withdrawal tube: - a cooling section (4), - a gas-purification section (6), - an analysis section (7a), - a gas-conveying unit (8), and - a return pipe (9). The invention also relates to a gas-analysis device comprising the gas-withdrawal device (1). The aim of this invention is to provide a device which makes it possible to measure the gas composition of a hot, dust-laden waste gas with low time delay, low measurement uncertainty and high reliability. This aim is achieved in that the gas-purification section 6 comprises a magnetic particle separator by means of which a corresponding proportion of the ferromagnetic particulate material is separated from the partial flow of the gas.
A rail for a rail vehicle track that has a longitudinal extension (L), an apparatus for identifying the rail, and a method for identifying the rail. An identification marker is attached along the longitudinal extension (L) of the rail on an inner side and/or an outer side of the rail. The identification marker is composed of a plurality of symbols, each symbol having at least one partial length (TL) of 0.15 meters, and one identification marker having at least eight symbols. The rail makes it possible for the rail vehicle to identify the rail laid as track during travel in normal operation.
The present invention relates to a scrap clearing system (1) for a metal-strip production line (50), in particular a combined casting and rolling system, to a metal-strip production line (50) having a scrap clearing system (1) of this type, and to a method (100) for clearing scrap from a metal-strip production line (50). A cutting means (10) for cutting up a metal strip (2) fed to the scrap clearing system (1) and a strip catcher (20) located upstream of the cutting means (10) in a transport direction (T) of the metal strip (2) are provided. The strip catcher (20) has a pivotably mounted catching arm (21).
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B21C 47/26 - Special arrangements with regard to simultaneous or subsequent treatment of the material
53.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MICROALLOYED STEEL, A MICROALLOYED STEEL PRODUCED USING THE METHOD, AND A COMBINED CASTING/ROLLING INSTALLATION
A process that produces a microalloyed steel in an integrated casting-rolling plant having a continuous casting machine with a mold, a single- or multi-stand prerolling train, a finish-rolling train having a first stand group with at least one first finish-rolling stand and a second stand group having at least one stand cooler. A metallic melt is cast in the mold to obtain a partly solidified thin-slab strand, which is supported, deflected and cooled. The solidified thin-slab strand is rolled by the prerolling train to obtain a prerolled strip that is finish-rolled in the first stand group to obtain the finish-rolled strip, which is fed to the second stand group and force-cooled in the second stand group, the finish-rolled strip having a thickness that results in a cooling rate of the core of the finish-rolled strip in the second stand group greater than 20° C./s and less than 200° C./s.
A method for determining mechanical properties of a first rolled material by a hybrid model that includes production datasets relating to further rolled materials, a physical production model and a statistical data model. The production dataset relating to the first rolled material is used to determine a first mechanical dataset, a further production dataset and a metallurgical dataset and also a second mechanical dataset. An averaged normalized distance value for production datasets relating to the further rolled materials is determined that is used to ascertain the mechanical properties of the rolled material as a weighted average from the first and second mechanical datasets. When creating the hybrid model, the physical production model is used to determine further production datasets relating to the further rolled goods for training the statistical data model.
B21B 37/00 - Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
G06F 30/27 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
55.
Cooling a rolled product upstream of a finishing train of a hot rolling mill
A method for cooling a rolled product in a cooling section which is located upstream of a finishing train of a hot rolling mill. The cooling section includes a cooling device which can deliver a coolant flow of a coolant onto a rolled product surface of the rolled product. In the method, a coolant flow is delivered, by means of each cooling device and in each cooling section pass, onto the rolled product surface, which flow is set to a set value that is assigned to the relevant cooling device for the cooling section pass. The set values for a cooling section pass are determined in a simulation of the cooling section pass so that surface temperatures, determined in the simulation, of the rolled product surface upon leaving active regions of the cooling device do not exceed a minimum value for a surface temperature of the rolled product surface.
A flat metal rolling stock (2) extends transversely to a longitudinal direction (x), from a left to a right rolling stock edge (3, 4). By means of a first inductive heating device (5), the left rolling stock edge (3) is heated more intensely than the right rolling stock edge (4), and by means of a second inductive heating device (6), the right rolling stock edge (4) is heated more intensely than the left rolling stock edge (3). During the heating of the two rolling stock edges (3, 4), characteristic variables (K1, K2) are recorded which are characteristic of the heating of the respective rolling stock edge (3, 4). The characteristic variables (K1, K2) are fed to a control device (8), which determines a control command (P1, P2) based on the ratio (k) or the difference (δK) between the two characteristic variables (K1, K2). Based on the control command (P1, P2), a lateral position of at least one of the two heating devices (5, 6) relative to the rolling stock edge (3, 4) that is heated more intensely by the particular heating device (5, 6) is adjusted. The control command (P1, P2) is determined by the control device (8) in such a way that the ratio (k) of the two characteristic variables (K1, K2) is brought closer to a setpoint ratio (k*) or the difference (δK) between the two characteristic variables (K1, K2) is brought closer to a setpoint difference (δK*). The setpoint ratio (k*) or the setpoint difference (δK*) can be re-specified to the control device (8) directly or indirectly by an operator (15) at any time.
B21B 45/00 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
57.
METHOD FOR HEATING A STEEL INTERMEDIATE STRIP WHEN PRODUCING A FLAT STEEL STRIP
The invention relates to a method for heating, in particular reheating, an intermediate strip (2) when producing a flat strip, wherein the intermediate strip (2) is heated using induction module heads (12) of induction modules (10) of an induction furnace (1), in particular of a rolling mill, preferably of a steel strip production system, and the induction module heads (12) are mechanically positioned according to at least one current parameter of the intermediate strip (2) at/in the induction furnace (1).
F27B 9/28 - Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
A lining machine that includes a base frame, a rail group, a feed apparatus, a lift apparatus and a working platform, the rail group being mechanically fastened to the base frame and the rail group having at least one rail arrangement. The lift apparatus has a roller carriage and a lift unit located on the roller carriage, the roller carriage being provided on the rail arrangement so as to be movable between an installation position and an operating position. The lift unit is connected to the working platform and is designed to lower the working platform into the converter via the converter opening, and the feed apparatus has a roller conveyor, one end of which ends at the lift apparatus.
Energy-efficient production of a ferritic hot-rolled strip (6) in an integrated casting-rolling plant (1), which modifies the known processes for producing a ferritic hot-rolled strip (6) in an integrated casting-rolling plant (1) so that the ferritic hot-rolled strip (6) can be produced significantly more energy-efficiently but nevertheless has good metallurgical properties and a good surface quality.
The invention relates to a method for introducing carbon into direct reduced iron (DRI) (20), wherein at least one solid carbon carrier is added to the DRI (20), and the DRI (20) is hardened once the solid carbon carrier has been added to the DRI (20).
The invention relates to a method for melting DRI (20, 90) consisting at least partly of HBI (40) and/or HCI (110) using a melting process, wherein the HBI (40) and/or the HCI (110) is comminuted before being supplied to the melting process, and HBI (40) or HCI (110) fragments obtained during the comminuting process are supplied to the melting process.
C21C 5/52 - Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
C22B 1/00 - Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
The invention relates to a method for producing molten iron (20). The reduction of iron oxide-containing material (50) in order to form a metallized product (30) is carried out using a reduction gas consisting at least largely of hydrogen H2, and a top gas (60) is accumulated during the reduction process, wherein - optionally after a treatment of the top gas (60) - a first sub-quantity (100) of the top gas (60) is combined with reducing reduction gas components (110) in order to provide reduction gas, and a second sub-quantity (120) of the top gas (60), as a discharged gas, is subjected to a gas separation process into a hydrogen-enriched gas flow (140) and a hydrogen-depleted tail gas flow (150). The metallized product (30) of the reduction process is combined with carbon carriers so as to be melted in a melting device (10) in order to form a molten iron (20), and a smelting exhaust gas (180) is accumulated. In the process, at least a sub-quantity of the tail gas flow (150) is combined with at least a sub-quantity of the smelting exhaust gas (180), and a tail gas mixture (190) is produced. At least a sub-quantity of the tail gas mixture (190) is supplied to a thermal use (200).
A planar rolled stock material (2) made of metal is heated in an induction furnace (1). The rolled stock (2) passes through the induction furnace (1) in a longitudinal direction (x). It extends transversely thereto from a first to a second rolled stock edge (3, 4). The induction furnace (1) has a plurality of module pairs (5) which, viewed in the longitudinal direction (x), follow one another sequentially and each have a first and a second induction module (6, 7). The induction modules (6, 7), as viewed in the transverse direction (y), are positioned at a respective initial position (p1*, p2*), so that the first induction modules (6) are arranged offset towards the first rolled stock edge (3) and the second induction modules (7) are arranged offset towards the second rolled stock edge (4). The induction modules (6, 7) are each supplied with electrical power via their own power supply device (8), which is assigned in a proprietary manner to the respective induction module (6, 7). A respective electrical target variable (I1*, I2*) is defined for each induction module (6, 7). It is monitored whether actual variables (I1, I2), with which the induction modules (6, 7) are operated, correspond with their respective target variables (I1*, I2*). In the event that only one actual variable (I11), with which one of the first induction modules (61) is operated, has a reduced value compared with its corresponding target variable (I11*), the target variables (I12* to I15*) for the remaining first induction modules (62 to 65) are increased, while maintaining the operation of all the second induction modules (71 to 75), so that any reduced heating of the rolled stock (2) caused by the reduced actual variable (I11) is compensated as much as possible. This applies to both those first induction modules that are arranged upstream of the first induction module (61) for which the actual variable (I11) has a reduced value compared to its corresponding target variable (I11*), as well as to the first induction modules (62 to 65) which are arranged downstream of that first induction module (61) for which the actual variable (I11) has a reduced value compared to its corresponding target variable (I11*).
F27B 9/28 - Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
F27D 21/00 - Arrangement of monitoring devicesArrangement of safety devices
F27D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
H05B 6/06 - Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
B21B 37/74 - Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
B21B 45/00 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
64.
REEL SYSTEM FOR A COMBINED CASTING-ROLLING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE REEL SYSTEM
The invention relates to a reel system (45) for a combined casting-rolling system (10) and a method for operating the reel system (45), wherein the reel system (45) comprises at least one first mandrel (90), a first coil unit (95), a first strip feed (100), a second strip feed (105), a strip store (110) and a drive unit (115), wherein the drive unit (115) has a component carrier (150) and a drive motor (145) that is connected to the component carrier (150), wherein the first coil unit (95) and the second strip feed (105) are secured to the component carrier (150) and the drive motor (145) is designed to rotate the component carrier (150), the first coil unit (95) and the second strip feed (105) about the winding axis (140), wherein the strip store (110) is arranged radially on the outside of the component carrier (150) and the first coil unit (95), wherein the finished rolled strip (80) is supplied via the first strip feed (100), wherein the strip store (110) is designed to wind the finished rolled strip (80) supplied via the first strip feed (100) to form an intermediate ring (305), wherein the second strip feed (105) is designed to unwind the finished rolled strip (80) wound into the intermediate ring (305) radially inside the intermediate ring (305) and to supply same to the first coil unit (95), and wherein the first coil unit (95) reels the finished rolled strip (80) on the first mandrel (90) to form a coil (85).
B21C 47/06 - Winding-up or coiling on or in reels or drums, without using a moving guide with loaded rollers, bolts, or equivalent means holding the material on the reel or drum
B21C 47/24 - Transferring coils to or from winding apparatus or to or from operative position thereinPreventing uncoiling during transfer
B21C 49/00 - Devices for temporarily accumulating material
A device and a method for depositing undissolved materials, in particular undissolved silicon compounds, from a pickling fluid in a pickling plant. A pickling circuit of the pickling plant has a pickling tank for pickling metal strips, a return line between the pickling tank and a circuit tank, a circulation pump for circulating a main volume flow of pickling fluid from the pickling tank, and a heating device arranged in a pressure line between the circuit tank and the pickling tank. The device includes a flocculation device for introducing at least one flocculant into the main volume flow, and a deposition device in the circuit tank and preferably designed as an inclined clarifying device, for the sedimentation of undissolved materials directly from the main volume flow. When pickling silicon-containing steel strips (electrical steel strips), an at least two-stage flocculation can be carried out using two or more mixing zone containers.
An optimization method in which a computer ascertains expected values (E1) for actual variables (I1) of a technical process based on values (R) for target variables (Z1) of the technical process that attain the values (R) as far as possible. From data records (D), the computer provisionally selects a number (n1) of records (D) in which the variables (I1) display a minimum distance from the values (E1). The computer then ascertains expected values (E2) for the actual variables (I2) based on the values (R) and the values (E1). From the provisionally selected data records (D), the computer selects a predetermined second number (n2) of data records (D) in which the variables (I1, I2) display a minimum distance from the values (E1, E2). The computer ascertains set values (S) for the variables (Z2) for a yet-to-be-executed cycle to attain variables (Z1) as close to possible to the values (R).
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
The present invention relates to a method (100) and to a system (1) for winding a continuously produced metal band (2). The metal band (2) is guided (S1) via a guide pulley (11), positioned in a first pulley position (P1) and belonging to a pair (10) of guide pulleys, along a first transport path (22) to a first reel (20) and divided (S3a, S4b) upstream of the pair (10) of guide pulleys. In addition, the guide pulley (11) of the pair (10) of guide pulleys is repositioned (S3b, S4a) into a second pulley position (P2), in which the metal band (2) is guided (S5a, S5b) via the guide pulley (11) along a second transport path (32) to at least one second reel (30). According to the invention, the repositioning of the guide pulley (11) depending on a thickness of the metal band (2) and/or a transport speed of the metal band (2) is undertaken in terms of time either before or after the dividing of the metal band (2).
A strip (2) of steel is rolled in a rolling stand (3) of a rolling mill (1). During the rolling of successively rolled sections (10) of the strip (2), values are measured that are characteristic of the rolling force (FW) and/or the rolling moment (M) occurring. A gradient (G) of the rolling force (FW) and/or the rolling moment (M) relative to the temperature (T) is determined by utilising the rolling forces (FW) and/or rolling moments (M) that occur and changes (δT) in the associated temperatures (T) of the sections (10) of the strip (2). The gradient (G) is used to determine whether or not a phase transition from an austenitic to a ferritic microstructure occurs in the sections (10) of the strip (2) during rolling in the rolling stand (3).
B21B 37/74 - Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
B21B 38/06 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring tension or compression
69.
Reliable handling of sleeves or metal coils of small external diameter on a coiler mandrel
The invention relates to a coil-transporting carriage with adjustable retaining arms and to a method for the reliable handling of metal coils of small external diameter, or of sleeves, on a coiler mandrel. The coil-transporting carriage has a vertically displaceable coil saddle for accommodating a coil or a sleeve, also has two retaining arms for stabilizing the coil or the sleeve, the retaining arms being arranged opposite one another on the coil saddle and being pivotable by means of rotary drives, and additionally has a second drive unit for moving the coil-transporting carriage. For pulling off from a coiler mandrel, the coil saddle is positioned against a coil located on the coiler mandrel and the retaining arms are pivoted onto the coil. For pushing onto a coiler mandrel, first a sleeve is placed on the coil saddle of the coil-transporting carriage and is thereby guided by the retaining arms.
The invention relates to a method for producing an iron melt (80) from iron-oxide-containing material (30), wherein a reduction gas (90) containing at least hydrogen is fed to a reduction reactor (20), containing the iron-oxide-containing material (30), for prereduction. The iron-oxide-containing material (30) comprises at least 35 mass% sinter, and the reduction gas (90) comprises at least 60 vol.% hydrogen H2. Solid, prereduced product obtained in the prereduction step is fed from the reduction reactor (20) into a melting device (40) and is subjected there to a treatment comprising at least the following steps: - introducing energy to generate a melt, said energy being introduced substantially in the form of electricity, and - reducing at least some of the iron oxides contained in the solid prereduced product. The treatment can also include setting a carbon content in the melt. A reduction reactor (20) for prereduction is embodied as a reduction shaft which has a feed region (A) for feeding in the iron-oxide-containing material (30); - a removal region (B) for removing the solid prereduced product obtained in the prereduction step; and - an introduction region (C) for introducing reduction gas (90), wherein the reduction shaft is conical below the introduction region (C), with a wall angle to the vertical of less than 20°, and tapers from the introduction region to the removal region (B). A system for carrying out the method according to the invention comprises: - a reduction reactor (20) for direct reduction of iron-oxide-containing material; - a melting device (60); and - a feed device (50) for feeding solid product obtained by the direct reduction process into the melting device (60).
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Simulation software; simulation software for simulating
industrial systems. Development, installation and maintenance of simulation
software for simulating industrial systems; computer
software consulting for simulation software for simulating
industrial systems; software as a service [SaaS] with
simulation software for simulating industrial systems;
customer-specific software adaptation of simulation software
for the simulation of industrial systems.
72.
CASTING-ROLLING INTEGRATED PLANT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A HOT STRIP WITH A FINAL THICKNESS < 1.2 MM ON THE CASTING-ROLLING INTEGRATED PLANT
A combined casting and rolling installation that produces hot-rolled strip with a final thickness<1.2 mm, and includes a first continuous casting installation and a second continuous casting installation, each producing slabs from liquid steel; a slab manipulator that conveys the slabs into a walking beam furnace that conveys the slabs into a rolling installation and heats the slabs to rolling temperature. The rolling installation includes a rough rolling mill forming rough-rolled strips from the heated slabs; a coil box forming a coil from the rough-rolled strip and unwinding the rough-rolled strip; a joining device forming an endless rough-rolled strip by connecting its ends without filler material; a multi-stand finishing rolling mill finish-rolling the endless rough-rolled strip to form a finished strip with the final thickness; a cooling section forming the hot-rolled strip; and a plurality of coiling devices coiling the hot-rolled strip.
B22D 11/12 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
B21B 1/04 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling heavy work, e.g. ingots, slabs, billets, in which the cross-sectional form is unimportant in a continuous process
C21D 8/02 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
C21D 9/52 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for wiresHeat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for strips
A process for steel production that includes:
production of sponge iron from iron oxide-containing starting material by direct reduction with reduction gas, wherein the reduction gas has at least 20% by volume of hydrogen H2,
and production of an iron melt having a carbon content of 1-5% by mass from the sponge iron.
A process for steel production that includes:
production of sponge iron from iron oxide-containing starting material by direct reduction with reduction gas, wherein the reduction gas has at least 20% by volume of hydrogen H2,
and production of an iron melt having a carbon content of 1-5% by mass from the sponge iron.
Sponge iron is subjected to a treatment that includes:
energy input and addition of additives to produce a melt and a slag, wherein the energy input is effected substantially from electricity and wherein the slag has a basicity B2 of less than 1.3, preferably less than 1.25, particularly preferably less than 1.2,
adjustment of the carbon content in the melt,
reduction of at least a sub-amount of the iron oxides present in the sponge iron
A process for steel production that includes:
production of sponge iron from iron oxide-containing starting material by direct reduction with reduction gas, wherein the reduction gas has at least 20% by volume of hydrogen H2,
and production of an iron melt having a carbon content of 1-5% by mass from the sponge iron.
Sponge iron is subjected to a treatment that includes:
energy input and addition of additives to produce a melt and a slag, wherein the energy input is effected substantially from electricity and wherein the slag has a basicity B2 of less than 1.3, preferably less than 1.25, particularly preferably less than 1.2,
adjustment of the carbon content in the melt,
reduction of at least a sub-amount of the iron oxides present in the sponge iron
The slag is separated during and/or after the treatment.
Strand guiding roller (1) comprising, for each bearing, a bearing carrier (60) which is arranged between a shaft portion surrounded by the roller sleeve (30) and the roller sleeve (30). Between the bearing carrier (60) and the roller sleeve (30) there is at least one channel (70), and between the bearing carrier (60) and the shaft (20) there is at least one channel (80). There is at least one channel (90) which connects the cavity (21) in the shaft (20) to the channel (80) between the bearing carrier (60) and the shaft (20). There is at least one channel which connects the cavity (21) in the shaft (20) or the channel (80) between the bearing carrier (60) and the shaft (20) to the channel between the bearing carrier (60) and the roller sleeve (30). There is at least one channel (110) in the bearing carrier (60) which connects the channel (80) between the bearing carrier (60) and the shaft (20) and/or the channel (70) between the bearing carrier (60) and the roller sleeve (30) to the cooling channel (40) for receiving a cooling fluid for cooling the roller sleeve (30).
B22D 11/128 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
The invention is in the field of metallurgical installations, specifically in the field of metallurgical vessels for metals. The present invention addresses the problem of providing a simple type of construction for the tapping device in which liquid metal is prevented from solidifying in the tapping channel. The problem is solved by a metallurgical vessel (1) with a tapping device (10) for the controlled tapping of liquid metal which is located in a lower part of the vessel. A partial region of a vessel wall (3) has, from an inner side (3a) of the vessel wall (3) to an outer side (3b) of the vessel wall (3), an outflow channel (4) which opens out into a tapping channel (11) of the tapping device (10). Measured from an edge where the vessel wall (3) and the vessel bottom (2) intersect, a lower edge (5) of the outflow channel (4) on the inner side (3a) of the vessel wall (3) is at a height (H) of 50-300 mm. At least in a partial region of the vessel wall (3), the outflow channel (4) extends through substantially at an angle of 90° to the vessel wall (3).
The invention relates to a method for determining a fill level height (h1) of a metal melt in a mould (4) of a continuous casting machine by means of a virtual fill level sensor, wherein the metal melt in the mould forms a mould level (5) with the fill level height (h1), and to a virtual fill level sensor suitable therefor. The problem addressed by the invention is that of finding a method for determining the fill level in the mould (4) of the continuous casting machine, so that the start and end of casting can be carried out fully automatically and without using a radiometric sensor. The technical problem is solved by a method according to claim 1.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Downloadable simulation software for simulating industrial systems Development, installation and maintenance of simulation software for simulating industrial systems; Computer software consulting for simulation software for simulating industrial systems; Software as a Service (SaaS) services featuring simulation software for simulating industrial systems; customer-specific software adaptation in the nature of custom design of computer software of simulation software for the simulation of industrial systems
78.
METHOD AND COMPUTER SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING A PROCESS OF A METALLURGICAL PLANT
The present invention relates to a method and a computer system for controlling a process of a metallurgical plant, the method comprising two phases, wherein in a first phase a data driven (regression) model is trained with offline process data, and wherein in a second phase online measured data are input to the trained data driven (regression) model, which outputs optimized production parameters. At least one process variable of a process of the metallurgical plant is predicted by means of a data driven model (1) for the prediction of the at least one process variable.
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
The invention relates to a method for reducing a metal oxide-containing material. A reduction gas which at least contains hydrogen is supplied to a reduction reactor (3), and a hydrogen-containing top gas is discharged from the reduction reactor (3). A sub-quantity of the top gas is supplied to gas burners (6), which are used in the preparation of the reduction gas, as a component of the fuel gas. If the content of hydrogen in the reduction gas and/or in the top gas increases, the content of water vapor in the fuel gas is increased. A device for this purpose comprises a reduction reactor (3), a top gas discharge (5) for discharging a top gas out of the reduction reactor (3), a preparation system (7) which comprises at least one gas burner (6) for preparing reduction gas, and a supply line (8) for supplying a sub-quantity of the top gas to the at least one gas burner (6) as a fuel gas component. The device is characterized by also comprising at least one member of the group consisting of the two members a) at least one device (9) for determining the water vapor content in the reduction gas and/or in the top gas and b) a device (9a) for ascertaining an increase of the proportion of hydrogen in the reduction gas and/or in the top gas as well as a device (10) for controlling and/or regulating the water vapor content in the fuel gas using the hydrogen content in the reduction gas and/or in the top gas.
The invention relates to a dissipator (1) comprising a hydraulic inductor (21), a hydraulic resistor (22) and a hydraulic capacitor (23) for damping vibrations in a roll stand for producing flat metal rolled material. The dissipator (1) has an intermediate piece (20) with a first hydraulic interface (24) for directly hydraulically-mechanically linking to an adjusting cylinder (2) of the roll stand. Via a second hydraulic interface (26), a valve block (6) with a control valve (11) for the adjusting cylinder (2) can be directly hydraulically-mechanically linked to the dissipator (2). The intermediate piece (20) can be formed as a rigid block, to which the hydraulic resistor (22) and the hydraulic capacitor (23) are detachably fluidically connected. The hydraulic inductor (21) is introduced into the block, preferably in the form of a tubular cavity and fluidically connected to the first and second hydraulic interfaces (24, 26).
33 is used. The reducing gas is supplied to a reduction reactor (2) containing the metal oxide-containing material, and a top gas is discharged from the reduction reactor. At least one sub-quantity of the top gas is used as components in the preparation of the reducing gas, optionally after the top gas is prepared. A device (1) for the reduction of the metal oxide-containing material (3) comprises a reduction reactor (2), a top gas discharge line (4) for discharging top gas out of the reduction reactor (2), at least one supply line for an ammonia contribution (7), a preparation system (6) for preparing the reducing gas, at least one supply line for the ammonia contribution (7) leading into the preparation system, and a feed line (8) for feeding the reducing gas and/or a precursor of the reducing gas to the reduction reactor (2), wherein the top gas discharge line (5) leads into the preparation system (6).
The invention relates to a dispensing device (1) for intermittently dispensing a cooling medium (6) onto a cast strand (2) in a continuous casting installation (3). The dispensing device (1) comprises a housing (4) with at least one inlet opening (5) for letting the cooling medium (6) into the housing (4) and with a dispensing opening (7) for dispensing the cooling medium (6) out of the housing (4), and comprises a switching valve (8) which is arranged in the housing (4) and which is designed to open and close the dispensing opening (7). The switching valve (8) has a sleeve (9) which is filled with a working fluid (7) and which, on the dispensing opening side, is closed with a closure (11) in a fluid-tight manner. The closure (11) comprises a switching element (12) which, by controlling a pressure in the working fluid (10), is displaceable relative to the sleeve (9) into a closing position in which the switching element (12) closes the dispensing opening (7).
B22D 11/124 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
B05B 1/30 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
B22D 11/22 - Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
83.
CASTING-ROLLING INTEGRATED PLANT FOR PRODUCING A HOT-ROLLED FINISHED STRIP FROM A STEEL MELT
A casting-rolling integrated plant that is capable of producing, from a steel melt, in a cost-effective manner and with high productivity, a hot-rolled finished strip having a thickness of ≤0.6 mm, an excellent flatness, and an excellent profile by dividing the thickness reduction into at least three stages (roughing, intermediate and finishing train), measuring the actual profile after the roughing, intermediate and finishing train, and equipping the stands in the roughing, intermediate and finishing train with actuators for influencing the strip profile and/or the strip flatness.
B22D 11/12 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
B22D 11/00 - Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
B22D 11/14 - Plants for continuous casting, e.g. for upwardly drawing the strand
B22D 11/16 - Controlling or regulating processes or operations
B21B 37/28 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates
B21B 13/22 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
84.
DRY CASTING IN A COMBINED CASTING-ROLLING INSTALLATION
The invention relates to the technical field of combined casting-rolling installation for producing hot-rolled finished strip. The aim of the invention is to modify an existing combined casting-rolling installation and a method for producing a hot-rolled finished strip in such a way that the strand leaves the horizontal strand guide of the continuous casting installation at a high strand temperature even at low casting speeds, but without the segments or the strand guide rolls overheating. The horizontal strand guide (6) of the continuous casting installation has at least one, preferably multiple, dry-castable dry-cast segments (20), the dry-cast segments (20) each having a plurality of strand guide rolls, arranged one behind the other in the transport direction (T), above and below the strand (41), the strand guide rolls of the dry-cast segments (20) having, on the inside of the lateral surface guiding the strand (41), at least one decentralised axial cooling channel for cooling with a liquid coolant so that the strand guide rollers do not reach inadmissibly high temperatures during a casting sequence in dry operation (32), wherein each dry-cast segment (20) has cooling nozzles for cooling the upper and lower side of the strand (41) and at least one valve for adjusting the quantity of coolant to the cooling nozzles, and wherein a dry-cast segment (20) can be selectively operated either 1) in dry operation (32), i.e. without spraying a liquid or liquid-gas coolant onto the strand (41), or 2) in wet operation , i.e. by spraying a liquid or liquid-gas coolant onto the strand (41).
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 45/00 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
B21B 45/04 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling
B22D 11/124 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
B22D 11/128 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
B22D 11/14 - Plants for continuous casting, e.g. for upwardly drawing the strand
B22D 11/22 - Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
85.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DIRECT REDUCTION WITH DRY VENT GAS DE-DUSTING
A method for direct reduction of metal oxide-containing starting materials to produce metallized material by contact with hot reduction gas in a reduction unit (1), wherein the product of the direct reduction is discharged from the reduction unit (1) by means of a product discharge device (3) which is flushed with seal gas and from which vent gas is drawn and subsequently de-dusted. The vent gas is de-dusted dry and the content of at least one gaseous constituent is reduced by catalytic conversion or combustion. Also, a device for carrying out the method is disclosed.
A method and an installation for inductively heating flat objects that are transported in a feed direction. The installation has at least one transverse field inductor device which extends transversely to the feed direction over the width of the flat object and has a longitudinal axis running parallel to the transverse axis of the flat object. The transverse field inductor device is positioned such that the longitudinal axis extends in a vertical plane obliquely with respect to the transverse axis of the flat object. With the method it is possible to vary the distance between the flat object and the inductor device and thus the temperature distribution over the transverse profile of the flat object so that the flat object is heated homogeneously.
B21B 37/44 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates using heating, lubricating or water-spray cooling of the product
B21B 1/22 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length
87.
Reduction of surface defects during finish rolling of hot strip
The invention relates to a finishing train for finish rolling hot strip. It is the object of the invention to modify an existing finishing train in such a way that the surface quality of the hot strip produced is improved without, however, significantly increasing the use of energy during production. This is intended to enable the thin hot strip produced to be used even for applications with high demands on surface quality. This object is achieved by a cleaning nozzle which cleans the upper side of the exit table, thus ensuring that scale and/or rolling dust are/is removed from the exit table.
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
B21B 1/22 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length
B21B 1/26 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous process by hot-rolling
B21B 13/22 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 27/10 - Lubricating, cooling, or heating rolls externally
B21B 28/02 - Maintaining rolls in effective condition, e.g. reconditioning
B21B 45/00 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Metal cutting machines for the iron and steel industry; Flame cutting machines for the iron and steel industry; Thermic lances for the iron and steel industry. Installation, maintenance and repair of the following goods: Metal cutting machines for the iron and steel industry, flame cutting machines for the iron and steel industry and thermic lances for the iron and steel industry. Engineering services in relation to the following goods: Metal cutting machines for the iron and steel industry, flame cutting machines for the iron and steel industry and thermic lances for the iron and steel industry; Conducting technical project studies, in relation to the following fields: Installations for metal cutting machines, for flame cutting machines and for thermic lances for the iron and steel industry; Industrial design, in relation to the following goods: Metal cutting machines for the iron and steel industry, flame cutting machines for the iron and steel industry and thermic lances for the iron and steel industry.
The invention relates to a die (1) for a continuous casting installation. The die (1) comprises: a movably mounted frame (2) having a first subframe (2.1) and a second subframe (2.2); a first broad-side insert (3) which is positioned on the first subframe (2.1); and a second broad-side insert (4) which is positioned on the second subframe (2.2). Narrow sides (7, 8) which each have a narrow-side copper plate (9) and which abut the two broad-side inserts (3, 4) are positioned between the two broad-side inserts (3, 4). The die (1) also comprises: a clamping device (11) which is designed to exert, on the subframes (2.1, 2.2), a clamping force that acts between the subframes (2.1, 2.2); and an oscillation drive (13) which is designed to make the frame (2) oscillate in and counter to a horizontal width direction (H) relative to the narrow sides (7, 8). A spring band assembly (17) which guides the subframes (2.1, 2.2) is positioned on each subframe (2.1, 2.2) on sides which are opposite one another in the width direction (H).
The invention relates to a conveying device (1) for conveying metal strip coils (2). The conveying device (1) comprises: at least one coil carrier (3) which is designed to carry a metal strip coil (2); two conveying stations (4, 5) which are arranged at different heights and which are each designed to receive one coil carrier (3); and a conveyor track (6) which extends between the conveying stations (4, 5) and has a conveyor drive (7) by means of which a coil carrier (3) can be conveyed on the conveyor track (6) between the conveying stations (4, 5). Each conveying station (4, 5) is tiltable between a first end position in which the conveying station (4, 5) is oriented horizontally and a second end position, wherein the conveying station (4, 5) has an inclination in the second end position which corresponds to the inclination of the conveyor track (6) and adjoins the conveyor track (6) so that a coil carrier (3) can be conveyed by means of the conveyor drive (7) from the conveyor track (6) into the conveying station (4, 5) and from the conveying station (4, 5) onto the conveyor track (6).
B65G 19/02 - Conveyors comprising an impeller or a series of impellers carried by an endless traction element and arranged to move articles or materials over a supporting surface or underlying material, e.g. endless scraper conveyors for articles, e.g. for containers
B65G 47/57 - Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors, i.e. discharging or feeding devices to or from inclined or vertical conveyor sections for articles
91.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A DUAL-PHASE STEEL STRIP IN A COMBINED CASTING AND ROLLING SYSTEM, A DUAL-PHASE STEEL STRIP PRODUCED BY MEANS OF THE METHOD, AND A COMBINED CASTING AND ROLLING SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method for producing a dual-phase steel strip (245), to a dual-phase steel strip (245) and to a combined casting and rolling system (10) for producing the dual-phase steel strip (245), wherein the combined casting and rolling system (10) has a finish-rolling train (55) having a first stand group (135) which comprises at least one first finish-rolling stand (145), and having a second stand group (140) which comprises at least one stand cooler (155), the system also having a cooling section (65) which comprises a first cooling section group (236) and a second cooling section group (240), wherein, immediately following the finish-rolling process of a finish-rolled strip (165), the finish-rolled strip (165) is fed to the second stand group (140), and the finish-rolled strip (165) is force-cooled to a second exit temperature (TA2) in the second stand group (140) in such a way that the finish-rolled strip (165), upon exiting the second stand group (140), has a predominantly austenitic structure, wherein force-cooling of the finish-rolled strip (165) is deactivated in the first cooling section group (236), wherein a ferritic and austenitic structure forms in the finish-rolled strip (165) during transport, and wherein the finish-rolled strip (165) is force-cooled to a fourth exit temperature (TA4) in the second cooling section group (240) in such a way that, upon exiting, the finish-rolled strip (165) has a dual-phase structure composed of martensite and ferrite.
C21D 1/18 - HardeningQuenching with or without subsequent tempering
C21D 8/02 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
C21D 8/12 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
C21D 9/46 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for sheet metals
C22C 38/02 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
C22C 38/04 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
C22C 38/12 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium or niobium
C22C 38/14 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
C22C 38/16 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
B21B 1/22 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length
B21B 13/00 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
C21D 1/02 - Hardening articles or materials formed by forging or rolling, with no further heating beyond that required for the formation
C21D 9/573 - Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
C21D 11/00 - Process control or regulation for heat treatments
92.
WORK ROLL BALANCE FORCE SETTING METHOD AND ROLLING MILL RUNNING METHOD, ROLLING MILL RUNNING SWITCHING METHOD, AND ROLLING MILL
In a work roll balance force setting method of a rolling mill, a kiss roll load Pk, a rolling load Pr, and rolling torque Tr of work rolls 610 and 611 in relation to a work roll angle θx of the tip position of a rolled material 5 between the start of biting of the rolled material 5 and completion of the biting are determined by using a mill longitudinal rigidity coefficient K and a rolling condition. Thereafter, the traction coefficient μrt between the work rolls 610 and 611 and intermediate rolls 620 and 621, and a maximum value μrtmax of μrt in relation to θx in a state in which hypothetical work roll balance force Pb is applied are determined from a sum P of Pk, Pr, and Pb, and Tr between the start of biting of the rolled material 5 and completion of the biting. Thereafter, a tolerated value μrtcr of μrt is compared with μrtmax, and work roll balance force at the start of biting of the rolled material 5 is reset to a value which is equal to or larger than a value that is required when μrt assumes the maximum value μrtmax, and equal to or smaller than a value that is a limit based on a constraint in terms of strength of the rolling mill, in a case where μrtcr is equal to or larger than μrtmax.
A dynamic production planning method for a continuous casting plant for casting a strand with a production system which has a predefined production plan, which method includes comparing target production parameters with actual production parameters. If the actual production parameters deviate from the target production parameters, a strand image is created on the basis of actual production parameters. With the aid of the calculated strand image, a check is carried out within the predefined production plan and, if possible, a new production plan is created. If no solution can be found from the predefined production plan, the strand image is transmitted to a production planning system. The production planning system creates a new production plan from all available orders on the basis of a predefined optimization criterion. The new production plan is subsequently transmitted to the production system.
B22D 11/16 - Controlling or regulating processes or operations
B22D 11/12 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
94.
PEDESTAL BEARING AND PRODUCTION PLANT WITH SUCH A PEDESTAL BEARING
The invention relates to a pedestal bearing (135) and a production plant (10) with a pedestal bearing (135) of this type, to a pedestal bearing (125) for mounting a slowly running body in a production plant (10), in particular a continuous casting installation, for producing a hot-rolled material (15), wherein the pedestal bearing (135) has a pedestal bearing housing (145) with a bearing seat (175), a cooling duct system (261) with at least one cooling duct (325), and an anti-friction bearing (230) which is arranged in the bearing seat (175) and has an anti-friction bearing outer ring (280), wherein the bearing seat (175) has a first inner circumferential side (170) which runs around the rotational axis (130), wherein the pedestal bearing housing (145) has a first contact surface (146), wherein the pedestal bearing housing (145) is configured to transmit a bearing force (F) from the anti-friction bearing outer ring (280) to the first contact surface (146), wherein the cooling duct (325) extends in the circumferential direction around the rotational axis (130) and is configured to conduct a coolant (410), which can be fed into the cooling duct (225), in order to cool the anti-friction bearing (230) and/or the pedestal bearing housing (145), wherein the first inner circumferential side (170) of the bearing seat (175) of the pedestal bearing housing (145) delimits the cooling duct (225) radially on the outside and the anti-friction bearing outer ring (280) delimits the cooling duct (225) radially on the inside.
F16C 19/38 - Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
A strand-guiding section arranged downstream of a continuous casting mould of a continuous casting line. The strand-guiding section has at least one strand-guiding roller supporting a metal strand cast with the continuous casting mould, is mounted in roller bearings in the strand-guiding section, and has at least one sensor device, which has at least one vibration sensor acoustically coupled to the strand-guiding roller or its roller bearings to detect the vibrations occurring with the rotation of the strand-guiding roller in the roller bearings. The strand-guiding roller is cooled internally by a cooling water. The vibration sensor is acoustically coupled to the strand-guiding roller and/or to the roller bearings via the cooling water. The evaluation device determines the status of the at least one roller bearing by evaluating the vibration data.
B22D 11/22 - Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
B22D 11/06 - Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
F16C 19/52 - Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
G01H 1/00 - Measuring vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
96.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REGULATING A STRAND CASTING SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method for regulating a strand casting system, the strand casting system having a mould (1) and a strand guide (8) downstream of the mould (1), in which method - liquid metal (3) is cast into the mould (1), in particular via a feeder device (4), - the metal strand (7) is extracted from the mould (1) using spaced apart rollers (8b) of the strand guide (8), - a measurement variable, which correlates to the fluctuation of the casting level forming in the mould, is determined, said measurement variable is processed with the involvement of at least one calculation specification and is used to reduce fluctuations of the casting level (9), - in order to reduce fluctuations of the casting level, the mutual spacing of the opposing rollers (8b) of the strand guide is changed cyclically, specifically by cyclically changing the spacing of opposing rollers (8b) of the strand guide (8) in directions opposite to the fluctuations of the casting level (9), - frequencies of fluctuations of the casting level (9) are detected and at least one observer (25) is provided, which determines on the basis of this a compensation value (k') for a setpoint value (SET) of the spacing of the rollers (8b), the actual value (ACT) of the roller spacing being used as one of the input variables for said observer (25) in order to compensate a phase shift and/or amplitude of the actual value (ACT) of the roller spacing.
Extraction machines for exhaust gases; shut-off valves
[parts of machines]; gate valves; transport and conveying
machines; conveyors and belts for conveyors; bucket
conveyors; archimedian screws (screw pumps); dust removing
installations for cleaning purposes; cyclones; electric
driving motors for machines; regulators [parts of machines];
systems for generating hydrogen, in particular for
generating hydrogen by electrolysis, eg proton exchange
membrane electrolysis or alkaline electrolysis, by natural
gas pyrolysis or steam reforming; compressors for gases;
machines for fine ore reduction; nozzles as machine parts,
for injecting gases containing fine substances, hydrogen and
carbon; parts and accessories (not included in other
classes) for the aforesaid goods; plants being combinations
of machines for the production of sponge iron (directly
reduced iron). Furnaces; furnaces for metallurgical purposes; furnaces for
the reduction of iron ores and for the production of sponge
iron (directly reduced iron); control devices for furnaces
for the reduction of iron ores and for the production of
sponge iron (directly reduced iron); gas cleaning systems
for exhaust gases and process gases; separator for gas
cleaning of exhaust gases and process gases; wet or dry
separators (gas cleaning devices) for industrial purposes;
industrial drying installations; industrial drying systems
based on fluidized beds; industrial drying systems for
drying raw materials; heat exchangers, other than parts of
machines; gas heating systems, in particular heat exchangers
and recuperators for preheating gases; automatic devices for
preheating minerals; reactors for metallurgical industrial
plants, especially for fine ore reduction; fluidized bed
based reactors for metallurgical industrial plants; reactors
for gas-solids reactions; reactors as chemical industrial
plants for the production of hydrogen; charging systems for
industrial furnaces, for industrial drying systems, for
reactors for metallurgical industrial systems, for reactors
for gas-solid reactions and for reactors as chemical
industrial systems for the production of hydrogen; material
locks as part of the aforesaid goods; installations for the
collection of gases; loading apparatus for systems for the
production of sponge iron (directly reduced iron); control
devices as parts for the aforesaid goods; parts and
accessories (not included in other classes) for the
aforesaid goods.
98.
GAS COMPRESSION IN HYDROGEN-BASED DIRECT REDUCTION
The invention relates to a direct reduction plant (10), comprising a catalytic reformer (60) and/or a gas furnace and comprising a gas compression system (50) having one or more compressors, wherein the gas compression system (50) comprises at least one compression stage (A, B), and wherein at least one gas cooler (51) for compressed gas is provided. A direct injection line (70) for injecting gas directly into the reformer (60) and/or into the gas furnace extends from the gas compression system (50) or from the gas cooler (51). A bypass (130) is provided at at least one of the compressors. During operation, at least a portion of the compressed gas is cooled, and compressed gas from the gas compression system (50) or from the gas cooler (51) is injected directly into the reformer (60) and/or into the gas furnace. At least some of the time, a portion of a gas compressed by a compressor is returned by means of the bypass (130).
The present invention relates to the field of casting plants, preferably continuous casting plants for producing slabs. The problem addressed by the present invention is that of providing a method which allows quality-reducing defects to be detected before the cast product has left the casting plant. The problem is solved by a method for establishing a likelihood of defects in a cast product section (7a-7d). By means of a multi-stage product section calculation performed in real time, in a first calculation step at least changes in matrix phase proportions and an element concentration profile in phase regions are calculated in each case for a temperature-time step. The results of the first calculation step are fed to a second calculation step wherein, in the second calculation step, a change in precipitation proportions out of at least one phase region is determined for the subsequent temperature-time step. The results of the second calculation step are used as input variables for the first calculation step. The results of the product section calculation are used to determine at least one defect index.
