By means of a detection device (3), measurement data (yi) relating to a planar rolled item (1) are detected, which data are associated in each case with a defined location (xi) in the length direction (rL) and/or width direction (rB) and/or thickness direction (rD) of the planar rolled item (1), such that the measurement data (yi) form a corresponding spatially resolved distribution. An evaluation device (4) receives the measurement data (yi) from the detection device (3). The evaluation device specifies parameters (a) for a function (f) that varies with the location (xi) in the length direction (rL) and/or width direction (rB) and/or thickness direction (rD) of the planar rolled item (1), such that a deviation of the function (f), parameterised by the optimised values (aopt) of the parameters (a), from the measurement data (yi) assumes a minimum according to a reference measure. Based on the function (f), the evaluation device (4) performs continuing evaluations. The reference measure is determined by a total of individual assessments (di). The evaluation device (4) ascertains the individual assessments (di) using the amount of the difference between a particular measurement datum (yi) and the value of the function (f) at the location of this measurement datum (yi). Each individual assessment (di) increases with the amount of the difference between the particular measurement datum (yi) and the value of the function (f) at the location of this measurement datum (yi), but less than quadratically.
G01B 21/04 - Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
B21B 38/00 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
B21B 38/02 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring flatness or profile of strips
The invention relates to an electrical power source comprising two flow batteries (1, 2), which are held at different temperatures (T1, T2) from one another and the potential difference of which can be tapped as useful voltage. The electrolyte liquids (15, 16) are conducted comprehensively across the two flow batteries (1, 2). A heat store (42) is additionally incorporated into the energy source and the electrolyte liquids (15, 16) are conducted through said heat store so that they have their respective temperatures (T1, T2) on the input side of the respective flow batteries (1, 2). The heat store (42) is held in the upper region at the higher of the two temperatures (T1, T2) by feed elements (29) arranged in the upper region and in the lower region at the lower of the two temperatures (T1, T2) by feed elements (29) arranged in the lower region. The temperature profile therebetween is established in accordance with the state of charge of the heat store (42).
A system for recovering energy has a main plant (1), during the operation of which a hot exhaust gas (2) is produced. The main plant (1) has a discharge device (3), through which the exhaust gas (2) flows and via which the exhaust gas (2) is discharged from the main plant (1). The system has a compressor assembly (6) having a number of compressors (8), by means of which air (7) supplied to the compressor assembly (6) and having an initial temperature (T1) is compressed from an initial pressure (p1) to a final pressure (p2) and an intermediate temperature (Tc). The system has a heat exchanger (10) arranged downstream of the compressor assembly (6), through which the air (7) compressed to the final pressure (p2) and the intermediate temperature (Tc) flows, and by means of which the heat of the exhaust gas (2) flowing through the discharge device (3) is supplied to the air (7) flowing through the heat exchanger (10) and thus the air (7) is heated to a final temperature (T2). The system has a compressed air motor (11) arranged downstream of the heat exchanger (10), to which the air (7) heated to the final temperature (T2) and having the final pressure (p2) is supplied, and which is operated with this air (7) and from which the air (7) is discharged at a discharge temperature (T3) and a discharge pressure (p3).
F22B 1/18 - Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
4.
IMPROVED CONTACTLESS DETECTION OF VIBRATIONS IN METAL BELTS
A measuring assembly with a mechanical excitation device that excites the metal belt of a transport device at an excitation frequency (fA) to produce mechanical vibrations. Analog measurement signals (MA) characterizing the amplitude (A) of the excited mechanical vibrations are detected for corresponding regions of the metal belt using sensor elements. The measurement signals (MA) are digitized with digitization devices and the digitized measurement signals or signals derived therefrom are transmitted from the digitization devices to an evaluation device arranged outside of the measuring assembly as transmitted signals (MA′). The sensor elements comprise eddy current sensors. The eddy current sensors, which directly adjoin one another when viewed in the width direction are operated using different operating frequencies (f1, f2, f3). When the sensor elements are viewed as a whole, a plurality of sensor elements are operated using the same operating frequency (f1, f2, f3).
G01B 7/34 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
B21B 38/02 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring flatness or profile of strips
5.
EFFICIENT IDENTIFICATION OF FLATNESS IN A PLANAR ROLLING MATERIAL
An evaluation device that determines, based on data acquired by an acquisition device, an error value (PF) relating to the flatness of a strip of a rolling material exiting a roll stand, and supplies the determined error values (PF) to a control device, which takes the error values (PF) into account when determining adjustment variables(S) for flatness control elements of the roll stand. The interaction of the acquisition device, the evaluation device, the control device and the roll stand results in a closed control loop working in real time. In order to determine the particular error value (PF) of the strip, the evaluation device performs a local frequency analysis of the data and determines the particular error value (PF) on the basis of the local frequency analysis.
A measuring assembly with a mechanical excitation device that excites the metal belt of a transport device at an excitation frequency (fA) to produce mechanical vibrations. The measuring assembly has a metal plate that faces the metal belt. The metal plate is equipped with sensor elements which are offset relative to one another when viewed in the belt width direction with which measurement signals (MA) that characterize the amplitude (A) of the excited mechanical vibrations are detected for corresponding regions of the metal belt. The sensor elements protrude beyond the upper face of the metal plate and up to the metal belt. A cover for the measuring assembly that is made of an electrically insulating material covers the sensor elements on the upper face thereof, and laterally seals the sensor elements.
At a treatment time, a treatment device is intended to act, at least substantially in the thickness direction, on a planar, hot item of metal rolling stock. At least for a period before the treatment time, the development over time of a thermal state (Z) of the rolling stock is modelled by means of a model of the rolling stock by iteratively solving at least one thermal conductivity equation. The treatment device is controlled on the basis of the particular thermal state (Z) determined by the model for the rolling stock for the treatment time.
In a continuous casting machine (1), a metal strand (2) is cast and rolled into a flat rolled product, without first being divided into sections, from the casting heat in roll stands (4) arranged downstream of the continuous casting machine (1). During the casting of the metal strand (2), a width (b0) of the metal strand (2) is changed by the continuous casting machine (1) from an initial width (bA) to a final width (bE) such that the metal strand (2) has a corresponding transitional section. Before the rolling of the transitional section in the roll stands (4), in an edger (3) arranged upstream of the roll stands (4) work rolls of the edger (3) are adjusted to the transitional section while the transitional section is passing through the edger (3) such that the metal strand (2) is compressed in the transitional section. The work rolls are set by a control device (6) to an initial adjustment at the beginning of the passage of the transitional section through the edger (3) and progressively to a final adjustment according to a displacement curve during the passage of the transitional section through the edger (3). At the end of the passage of the transitional section through the edger (3), they are moved away from the metal strand (2). If the initial width (bA) is greater than the final width (bE), the final adjustment corresponds to the final width (bE) and the control device (6) determines the initial adjustment and the displacement curve in dependence on the stated static and dynamic properties online by means of a model (12) such that a width of the flat rolled product in the region of the transitional section corresponds as far as possible to a target width of the flat rolled product after the transitional section. If the initial width (bA) is less than the final width (bE), the initial adjustment corresponds to the initial width (bA) and the control device (6) determines the final adjustment and the displacement curve in dependence on the stated static and dynamic properties online by means of a model (12) such that the width of the flat rolled product in the region of the transitional section corresponds as far as possible to a target width of the flat rolled product before the transitional section.
B21B 37/22 - Lateral spread controlWidth control, e.g. by edge rolling
B21B 1/46 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
B21B 13/06 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged vertically
9.
COST-EFFICIENT OPERATION OF AN INSTALLATION OF THE METAL INDUSTRY AND OF ADDITIONAL SUB-SYSTEMS OF AN ENTIRE SYSTEM
An entire system comprises an electrical energy store (6), as a sub-system, and additional sub-systems, at least one installation (1) of the metal industry. The sub-systems (1, 4, 6) are directly or indirectly connected to one another and to an electrical supply grid (2), for the transmission of electrical energy. Present states (Z1, Z4, Z6) of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6) and, with respect to a first time horizon (T1), a planned first draw (E2) of electrical energy from the supply grid (2) and planned first operating modes (B1, B4) of the additional sub-systems (1, 4) are known to a control device (7). On the basis of the planned first draw (E2) and the planned first operating modes (B1, B4), the control device (7) determines an expected end state (Z6') of the electrical energy store (6) in relation to the end of the first time horizon (T1). The control device (7) defines a planned second draw (E2') of electrical energy in view of the expected end state (Z6') of the electrical energy store (6) and in view of second operating modes (B1', B4') of the additional sub-systems (1, 4) which are planned for a second time horizon (T2) immediately following the first time horizon (T1) and which are known to the control device (7). The control device (7) operates the additional sub-systems (1, 4) on the basis of the planned first and second operating modes (B1, B4, B1', B4') during the two time horizons (T1, T2) and, at the same time, draws electrical energy from the supply grid (2) according to the planned first draw (E2) of electrical energy and the defined second draw (E2') of electrical energy. In order to define the planned second draw (E2') of electrical energy, the control device (7) determines, on the basis of the planned second operating modes (B1', B4'), a demand (E1', E4') for electrical energy for the operation of the additional sub-systems (1, 4) during the second time horizon (T2) and defines the second draw (E2') of electrical energy from the supply grid (2) during the second time horizon (T2) in view of the demand (E1', E4') for electrical energy for the operation of the additional sub-systems (1, 4) during the second time horizon (T2), the expected end state (Z6') of the electrical energy store (6) and a target state (Z6*) of the electrical energy store (6) which is desired for the end of the second time horizon (T2).
H02J 3/14 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
10.
COST-EFFICIENT OPERATION OF A DRI SYSTEM AND OF ADDITIONAL SUB-SYSTEMS OF AN OVERALL SYSTEM
The invention relates to an overall system which comprises, as sub-systems, a DRI system (1), an electrolysis system (4), a hydrogen store (6) and a supply device (7). The DRI system (1) and the electrolysis system (4) are connected to an electricity-supply network (2) for receiving electricity, the DRI system (1), the electrolysis system (4) and the hydrogen store (6) are interconnected for transferring hydrogen, and the DRI system (1) and the supply device (7) are interconnected for supplying the DRI system (1) with natural gas and/or ammonia. Information about current states (Z1, Z4, Z6, Z7) of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7); at least one desired production plan (PP) for the DRI system (1) for a forecast horizon (PH); a cost (B1) for electricity received via the electricity-supply network (2) which cost can at least be expected; and a cost (P2, B3) for the natural gas and/or ammonia which cost can at least be expected, is obtained by a controller (8). The controller (8) calculates operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) for the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) for the forecast horizon (PH) and determines final states (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7') that can be expected for the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) on the basis of the current states (Z1, Z4, Z6, Z7) and the operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7). The controller (8) varies the calculated operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) for the forecast horizon (PH) and varies, on the basis thereof, the final states (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7') that can be expected so as to minimize a cost function (K). The costs for receiving electricity from the electricity-supply network (2) and for consuming natural gas and/or ammonia, and losses of hydrogen located in the hydrogen store (6) enter into the cost function (K). The operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) and/or assessments of the expected final states (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7') of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) which final states can be expected also enter into the cost function (K). The productivity of the DRI system (1) also enters into the cost function (K). The controller (8) operates the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) according to the varied operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) at least for the beginning of the forecast horizon (PH).
G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
A rolling stand for rolling a hot aluminium strip, having at the outlet side, in this order, a trimming device that cuts the metal strip from both sides such that only the remaining central region of the metal strip is fed to the downstream devices; a front deflection roller that deflects the metal strip away from a direct connecting line between the rolling stand and the rear deflection roller; a measuring assembly that has a mechanical excitation device that excites the metal strip to mechanically oscillate in the direction of its thickness and a measuring device that senses, for a plurality of regions of the metal strip lying adjacent to one another in the direction of the width of the metal strip, the amplitude of the excited mechanical oscillation of the respective region; and a coiling device that has a rear deflection roller upstream of a coiler.
B21B 38/02 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring flatness or profile of strips
B21B 3/00 - Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences
G01B 7/06 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
A control device of an electric arc furnace that controls, in a melting phase and subsequently in a flat bath phase, an energy supply device with first control values (A1), such that the energy supply device supplies electrical energy to electrodes of the electric arc furnace via a furnace transformer. The control device, in both phases, further controls a positioning device with second control values (A2), such that said positioning device positions the electrodes relative to the unmolten steel-containing material in the melting phase and relative to the molten steel in the flat bath phase. As a result, electric arcs are formed in both phases, by means of which the steel-containing material is melted or the molten steel is further heated.
C21C 5/52 - Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
H05B 7/20 - Direct heating by arc discharge, i.e. where at least one end of the arc directly acts on the material to be heated, including additional resistance heating by arc current flowing through the material to be heated
13.
Cooling a rolled product upstream of a finishing train of a hot rolling mill
A method for cooling a rolled product in a cooling section which is located upstream of a finishing train of a hot rolling mill. The cooling section includes a cooling device which can deliver a coolant flow of a coolant onto a rolled product surface of the rolled product. In the method, a coolant flow is delivered, by means of each cooling device and in each cooling section pass, onto the rolled product surface, which flow is set to a set value that is assigned to the relevant cooling device for the cooling section pass. The set values for a cooling section pass are determined in a simulation of the cooling section pass so that surface temperatures, determined in the simulation, of the rolled product surface upon leaving active regions of the cooling device do not exceed a minimum value for a surface temperature of the rolled product surface.
A complete system comprises an electric load system (1) of the steel industry and an electric energy storage device (9), both of which are connected to a supply grid (2). A current system state (ZA), a current storage device state (ZS), and a production plan (PP) which is desired for a forecast horizon (PH) are known to a controller (10), and an expected price (P) for electric energy from the supply grid (2) as a function of time (t) is also known. The controller (10) sets operating modes (AB, SB) and ascertains expected final states (ZA', ZS'), and the controller varies the set operating modes (AB, SB) in order to minimize the total costs (K). The total costs (K) comprise the costs (K1) of energy from the supply grid (2) and evaluations (K2, K3) of the expected final states (ZA', ZS'). The controller (10) ascertains the wear (V) of the energy storage device (9) and a corresponding cost proportion (KV) and takes into consideration same during the evaluation of the expected final storage device state (ZS').
An entire system comprises, as sub-systems, a steel industry system (1), an electrolysis system (4), an electric energy storage device (6), and a hydrogen storage device (7). The sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) are directly or indirectly connected together in order to transfer electric energy and hydrogen. Current states (Z1, Z4, Z6, Z7) of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7), at least one desired production plan (PP) of the steel industry system (1) for a prognosis horizon (PH), and at least one expected price (P) for electric energy drawn from the supply grid (2) are known to a controller (8). The controller (8) sets operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) for the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) for the prognosis horizon (PH) and ascertains final sub-system (1, 4, 6, 7) states (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7') expected for the end of the prognosis horizon (PH). The controller (8) ascertains the respective expected final state (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7') using the respective current state (Z1, Z4, Z6, Z7) and the respective operating mode (B1, B4, B6, B7). The controller (8) varies the operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) set for the prognosis horizon (PH) and the expected final states (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7') based thereon while taking into consideration the production plan (PP) and design limits of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) so that a cost function (K) is minimized. The cost of the consumption of electric energy from the supply grid (2), the operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) of the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7), evaluations of the expected final states (Z1', Z4', Z6', Z7'), and the productivity of the steel industry system (1) go into the cost function (K). The controller (8) operates the sub-systems (1, 4, 6, 7) according to the varied operating modes (B1, B4, B6, B7) at least for the beginning of the prognosis horizon (PH).
An electric arrangement comprises an input-side three-phase network (1) having a plurality of input-side phases (1a, 1b, 1c), an output-side three-phase network (2) having a plurality of output-side phases (2a, 2b, 2c), and an electric furnace (3) having a plurality of electrodes (4a, 4b, 4c) and a furnace vessel (5). The electrodes (4a, 4b, 4c) are connected to the output-side phases (2a, 2b, 2c) so that thermal energy is introduced into metal in the furnace vessel (5) or into molten metal (6) in the furnace vessel (5) by way of arcs originating from the electrodes (4a, 4b, 4c) . The output-side phases (2a, 2b, 2c) are each connected to a plurality of the input-side phases (1a, 1b, 1c) via respective converter units (7). The converter units (7) comprise only switching elements (12, 17, 20) with or without current-converting elements (13, 14) connected in parallel with the switching elements (12, 17, 20), but neither internally connected nor parallel-connected electrical storage elements. Therefore, the converter units (7) can certainly 1connect the respective output-side phase (2a, 2b, 2c) to the respective input-side phase (1a, 1b, 1c) so as to conduct power and can isolate the respective output-side phase (2a, 2b, 2c) from the respective input-side phase (1a, 1b, 1c). However, they cannot store energy either internally or by way of electrical storage elements connected in parallel. Voltage losses occurring within the respective converter unit (7) are instead caused exclusively by the voltage drops occurring across the switching elements (12, 17, 20). There is no furnace transformer arranged between the input-side three-phase network (1) and the electrodes (4a, 4b, 4c) of the electric furnace (3). The electric arrangement comprises a step-down transformer (22) which is used to supply electrical energy to the input-side three-phase network (1). The input-side three-phase network (1) carries a medium voltage in the range between 10 kV and 40 kV.
H02M 5/297 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal for conversion of frequency
H05B 7/144 - Power supplies specially adapted for heating by electric dischargeAutomatic control of power, e.g. by positioning of electrodes
Optimized operation of an electrolysis system and an electrical energy store. An overall system comprises as subsystems a hydrogen-producing electrolysis system (1) and an electrical energy store (2). The electrolysis system (1) and the electrical energy store (2) are directly or indirectly connected to an electrical supply network (5) for the transmission of electrical energy. The electrolysis system (1) and the electrical energy store (2) are also connected to one another for the transmission of electrical energy between them. The electrolysis system (1) has multiple electrolysis blocks (10); the electrical energy store (2) has multiple battery modules (11). The battery modules (11) are connected to one each of the electrolysis blocks (10) by way of a respective converter circuit (12). The electrolysis blocks (10) or the battery modules (11) form a series circuit, which is connected to the supply network (5) by way of an inverter unit (4).
A control device that receives actual variables (I) of a flat rolled product before rolling and target variables (Z) of the rolled product after rolling in a rolling mill. The target variables (Z) include at least one profile value (C) of the rolled product, which relates to a predetermined spacing (a) from the edges of the rolled product. The control device determines an ideal contour shape (ci) on the basis of the target variables (Z). On the basis of the actual variables (I) and the ideal contour shape (ci), the device uses a model of the rolling mill to determine target values (COM) for manipulated variables for the roll stands of the rolling mill. The device transfers the target values (COM) to the roll stands, such that the rolled product is rolled in the rolling mill in consideration of the target values (COM).
The invention relates to a method for heating, in particular reheating, an intermediate strip (2) when producing a flat strip, wherein the intermediate strip (2) is heated using induction module heads (12) of induction modules (10) of an induction furnace (1), in particular of a rolling mill, preferably of a steel strip production system, and the induction module heads (12) are mechanically positioned according to at least one current parameter of the intermediate strip (2) at/in the induction furnace (1).
F27B 9/28 - Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for changing the effective contour of a running surface (8) of a working roller (3, 4) during the hot rolling of rolling stock in a roll stand (2) to form a rolled strip (1). The intention is to be able to change the contour of the running surface (8) during the hot rolling by means of the invention. This object is achieved according to the invention by the axial displacement of the working rollers (3, 4) in opposite directions by a displacement distance s, wherein s is greater or less than Δr/tan(α) and Δr indicates the wear of the running surface (8) in the radial direction (R) and α indicates the pitch angle of the conical portion (7) of the respective working roller (3, 4).
B21B 13/14 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load
B21B 1/22 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length
A strip (2) of steel is rolled in a rolling stand (3) of a rolling mill (1). During the rolling of successively rolled sections (10) of the strip (2), values are measured that are characteristic of the rolling force (FW) and/or the rolling moment (M) occurring. A gradient (G) of the rolling force (FW) and/or the rolling moment (M) relative to the temperature (T) is determined by utilising the rolling forces (FW) and/or rolling moments (M) that occur and changes (δT) in the associated temperatures (T) of the sections (10) of the strip (2). The gradient (G) is used to determine whether or not a phase transition from an austenitic to a ferritic microstructure occurs in the sections (10) of the strip (2) during rolling in the rolling stand (3).
B21B 37/74 - Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
B21B 38/06 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring tension or compression
22.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING MANIPULATED VARIABLES OF A ROLL STAND, CORRESPONDING CONTROL PROGRAMME, CONTROL DEVICE COMPRISING SUCH A CONTROL PROGRAMME, AND ROLL STAND COMPRISING SUCH A CONTROL DEVICE
The invention relates to a method for determining manipulated variables of a roll stand, and to a roll stand (1) for rolling a flat metal rolling stock (2), said roll stand comprising working rolls (3), back-up rolls, and intermediate rolls. A control device (11) for the roll stand (1) receives actual variables (I) and target variables (Z). The actual variables (I) describe the flat rolling stock (2) before being rolled in the roll stand (1), and the target variables (Z) describe a target contour and/or a target flatness of the flat rolling stock (2) after being rolled in the roll stand (1). Before the flat rolling stock (2) is rolled, and taking into account the actual variables (I), the control device (11) determines an intermediate roll setting value for an axial displacement of the intermediate rolls and initial control values for a bending device (9, 10) for bending the working rolls (3) and the intermediate rolls, for which an expected contour and/or an expected flatness of the flat rolling stock (2) is brought as close as possible to the target contour and/or target flatness described by the target variables (Z). The control device (11) sets the axial displacement of the intermediate rolls in accordance with the determined intermediate roll setting value (UCΔ) before the flat rolling stock (2) is rolled in the roll stand (1) and, at least when the rolling of the flat rolling stock (2) begins, sets the bending devices (9, 10) in accordance with the determined initial control values. The control device (11) determines the intermediate roll setting value (UCΔ) and the initial control values in such a way that the initial work roll control value and/or the initial intermediate roll control value have a predefined minimum difference from their minimum and maximum values.
B21B 37/42 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates using a combination of roll bending and axial shifting of the rolls
23.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ADAPTING A MANUFACTURING PROCESS
The invention relates to a method (100) and a system (1) for adapting a manufacturing process (P), in particular a heat rolling process, and to the use of the method (100) for a conventional operation of a facility (10). According to the method, i) a product property (E*) of a process product (2) is specified (S1), ii) an operating starting point (X) of a facility (10), in particular a hot rolling facility, which is designed to carry out the manufacturing process (P) in order to produce the process product (2), is provided (S2), and iii) the process product (2) is produced (S3) by carrying out the manufacturing process (P) by means of the facility (10) starting from the specified operating starting point (X). According to the invention, iv) an actual product property (E) of the produced process product (2) is ascertained (S4), and v) an optimized operating point (X*) of the facility (10) is ascertained (S5) on the basis of the specified product property (E*) and the ascertained actual product property (E) using an optimizing unit (30).
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
B21B 37/00 - Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
24.
COOLING DEVICE WITH COOLANT JETS HAVING A HOLLOW CROSS SECTION
The invention relates to a cooling device with coolant jets having a hollow cross section. A treatment line for a flat, elongate, hot rolling stock made of metal has a finishing train for rolling the rolling stock and a cooling device. The cooling device can, as required, be located upstream or downstream of the finishing train or within the finishing train. The cooling device has a first cooling bar, which extends fully over the rolling stock, seen in the width direction of the rolling stock. The first cooling bar has, facing the rolling stock, several coolant outlets by means of which water is applied to the rolling stock. The coolant outlets are arranged in the first coolant bar in a positionally fixed manner extending in at least one width direction (y) of the rolling stock and each have, within the respective row, a predefined distance from one another.
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
B21B 1/26 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous process by hot-rolling
25.
ROLLING WITH MINIMISATION OF A DROP IN THE BENDING FORCE UPON ENTRY
In a roll stand, the working roll inserts are pressed apart by a bending system. A base set-point value (FBB*) is supplied to a bending controller to determine a resultant set-point value (FB*). An actual value (FB) of the bending force is also supplied to the bending controller to determine a base controlled variable (SB) for the bending system so that, when the bending system is actuated with (SB), (FB) is brought as close as possible to (FBB*). From a stabilisation time (t3) after an entry time (t2), the bending controller determines (FB*), additionally taking an actual rolling force (F) into consideration. During an entry time period before (t2) and ending at (t3), an additional set-point value (FBZ*) is supplied to the bending controller for determining (FB*). (FB) is thus greater than (FBB*).
A position controller that controls an actuator that sets a roll gap of a roll stand by determining an actuating variable (q) for the actuator as a function of a resulting position target value (s*) and a position actual value(s) of the actuator. The (s*) is determined with a resulting base target value (s1*), which is determined as the sum of an initial base target value (s0*) and an additional target value (δs1*), which is determined by a determination element with an inlet-end actual tension (ZE) and an inlet-end reference tension (ZER) and/or with an outlet-end actual tension (ZA) and an outlet-end reference tension (ZAR). Instead of (ZE) and (ZA), the corresponding target tensions (ZE*, ZA*) of corresponding tension control operations can also be used. However, in both cases, (ZER) and (ZAR) are variables that differ from (ZE*) and (ZA*).
An electrolysis device includes two electrolysis units, which each includes two end plates. The electrolysis units each includes an intermediate plate approximately or exactly in the middle between its end plates and each includes a stack of series-connected electrolysis cells between the intermediate plates and the end plates. Each stack of electrolysis cells includes two electrodes, at which an electrolysis liquid is partially electrolytically split, so that the remaining electrolysis liquid is admixed with a respective electrolysis gas in the area of the two electrodes after the electrolytic splitting. The end plates are electrically connected to one another at least in pairs. The electrolysis device includes a rectifier unit, which provides two potentials (P1, P2) via two outputs, each output being electrically connected to one terminal of the intermediate plate of the one electrolysis unit and to one terminal of the intermediate plate of the other electrolysis unit.
The invention relates to a rolling mill comprising at least one roll stand (1) and a pay-off reel (2) arranged upstream of the roll stand (1). A metal strip (4), wound to form a coil (3), is unreeled from the pay-off reel (2) and fed therefrom out of the roll stand (1). The metal strip (4) is rolled in the roll stand (1). A particular portion (i) of the metal strip (4) has a particular lateral offset (V) at a predetermined distance from the roll stand (1). A control device (8) for the roll stand (1) determines a particular manipulated variable (C) by evaluating the particular lateral offset (V) for at least one actuator (12) associated with the roll stand (1), and controls the actuator (12) in accordance with the determined particular manipulated variable (C). Prior to unreeling the metal strip (4), a contour (K) of at least one end face (11) of the still-reeled coil (3) is acknowledged by the control device (8). As a result, the information relating to the lateral offset (V) of the portions (i) over the entire length of the metal strip (4) is available to the control device (8) even before the metal strip (4) is fed to the roll stand (1). The control device (8) determines the particular lateral offset (V) using the contour (K).
B21C 47/34 - Feeding or guiding devices not specially adapted to a particular type of apparatus
B21B 1/00 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
B21B 39/14 - Guiding, positioning or aligning work
B21C 47/18 - Unwinding or uncoiling from reels or drums
29.
PROCESSING METHOD AND PLANT FOR WELDING METAL STRIPS
A processing plant for metal strips (1) has a welding machine, a strip store downstream of the welding machine and a processing device downstream of the strip store. The metal strips are welded to form a continuous strip with the welding machine, which is stored in the strip store and output from there to the processing device. The metal strips are connected via diagonally extending weld seams. To join the weld seams, first the strip head (2) and the strip foot (3) of the metal strips are twisted and the two strips are connected by forming the weld seam. The weld seam extends only transversely to the transport direction (x) during the welding process. Finally, the strip head and the strip foot of the metal strips are twisted back again. As a result, the weld seam now extends diagonally to the transport direction (x).
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
A furnace vessel (1) of an arc furnace is loaded with metal (2) in a solid state of matter. Afterward, an energy supply device (3) of the arc furnace draws electrical energy from a supply network (4) and feeds the drawn electrical energy to electrodes (6) of the arc furnace via a furnace transformer (5), with the result that arcs (12) form between the electrodes (6) and the metal (2) or the metal melt (13), the arcs causing the metal (2) to be melted to form the metal melt (13). Finally, the metal melt (13) is removed from the furnace vessel (1). The number of electrodes (6) is at least three. For at least two of the electrodes (6), the energy supply device (3) individually sets the operating frequency (fa, fb) of the relevant electrode (6a, 6b). The current (Ic) through the third electrode (6c) is defined by the current (Ia, Ib) through the first and the second electrodes (6a, 6b). With respect to electrodes (6) of a totality of electrodes (6) of the arc furnace, the fact of which of them is the first electrode {6a), which of them is the second electrode (6b) and which of them is the third electrode (6c) is assigned to the electrodes dynamically.
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
C21C 5/52 - Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
F27B 3/28 - Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
A roll stand of a rolling mill is supplied with a metal strip by an upstream supply device at an in-feed speed (v), with said metal strip being rolled in the roll stand. A measuring device between the supply device and the roll stand detects a respective thickness value (d) of the metal strip for consecutive sections of the metal strip and supplies said value to a control device of the rolling mill. The control device determines final thickness deviations based on the preliminary thickness deviations. The control device determines a respective control value (A2, A3) for the roll stand and/or the supply device for the sections of the metal strip based on the final thickness deviation of the respective section of the metal strip and the final thickness deviations of multiple preceding and/or subsequent sections of the metal strip.
The present invention relates to the field of metallurgical installations. The invention relates specifically to a transporting system for charging a metallurgical melting vessel, preferably an electric arc furnace, which is moved from a receiving station to a discharging station. The present invention addresses the problem of creating a transporting system which has an interchangeable container (2), wherein the container does not require an opening mechanism (6) for a container flap (5) and the container (2) need not be connected to a power supply. The problem is solved by the tilting frame (3), which has an opening unit (6). The container flap (5) has a driver nose (5b), which is fitted into the opening unit (6) when the interchangeable container (2) is placed in position on the tilting frame (3). The opening unit (6) moves the driver nose (5b) such that the container flap (5) can be moved between the closed position and the open position.
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
Metal (2) situated in a furnace vessel (1) of an electric arc furnace is melted during a melting phase. Based on electrical desired values (X*) of electrical energy that is to be supplied to the electrodes (6), a control device (9) of the electric arc furnace determines provisional voltage setpoint values (U1*). If voltages (U) corresponding to the provisional voltage setpoint values (U1*) are applied to the electrodes (6), first electrical actual values (X) of electrical energy supplied to the electrodes (6) would be approximated as closely as possible to the electrical desired values (X*). The control device (9) actuates an energy supply device (3) of the electric arc furnace based on definitive voltage setpoint values (U2*). Voltages (U) corresponding to the definitive voltage setpoint values (U2*) are thus applied to the electrodes (6). The energy supply device (3) thus draws electrical energy from a supply grid (4) and conducts it via a furnace transformer (5) to the electrodes (6). At least during an initial phase of the melting phase, the control device (9) determines the definitive voltage setpoint values (U2*) by limiting the provisional voltage setpoint values (U1*) to an admissible maximum value (Umax). The maximum value (Umax) is less than a possible maximum value (U0) that can be applied to the electrodes (6) by the energy supply device (3).
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
34.
OPTIMIZED SETPOINT CURRENT PRESET FOR AN EXTERNALLY EXCITED SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
A setpoint value determining unit (10) checks whether a requested power (P) of an externally excited synchronous motor (1), the power being given by the product of an instantaneous rotation speed (n) and a setpoint torque (M*) to be applied, exceeds a maximum value (Pmax) for the power (P). In one case, the setpoint value determining unit (10) addresses a first optimization problem (O1) for a current vector (i) and solves it in real time, and in the other case addresses a second optimization problem (O2). In order to solve the first optimization problem (O1), the setpoint value determining unit (10) determines a current vector (i), which comprises the field-forming component (Id) and the torque-forming component (Iq) of the motor current (I) and comprises the field current (Ie), in such a way that the setpoint torque (M*) is reached and the losses (V) of the synchronous motor (1) are minimized. In the other case, the setpoint value determining unit (10) determines the current vector (i) in such a way that the resulting actual torque (M) is maximized. In all cases, the setpoint value determining unit (10) takes into account the boundary conditions according to which the magnitude of the motor current (I) reaches at most the maximum value (Imax) for the motor current (I), the magnitude of the field current (Ie) reaches at most the maximum value (Iemax) for the field current (Ie) and the magnitude of the motor voltage (U) reaches at most the maximum value (Umax) for the motor voltage (U). The setpoint value determining unit (10) prespecifies the determined current vector (i), as setpoint values, to a power control device (9), which drives a converter device (8) in a corresponding manner.
A method (100) and a system (1) for compensating for an electrode (2) burn-off in an arc furnace (3) in which at least a part of the electrode (2) held in a first retaining position (H1) by a retaining device (4) is detected (Si) with the aid of a sensor device (5) and a second retaining position (H2) is determined (S2) on the basis of data generated during the detection. The retaining device (4) can then be repositioned (S4) relative to the electrode (2) from the first retaining position (H1) to the determined second retaining position (H2).
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
F27B 3/28 - Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
36.
OPERATION OF A COOLING UNIT WITH A MINIMAL WORKING PRESSURE
A liquid coolant (6) is fed into a header line (4) by means of a pump assembly (5). Branch lines (9a to 9d), in which control valves (11a to 11d) are arranged, branch off from the header line (4) to application units (10a to 10d). The coolant (6) is applied to a hot rolled material (2) made of metal by means of the application units (10a to 10d), and the rolled material (2) is thus cooled. For limit modulation values (kLim) of the control valves (11a to 11d), a control unit (12) of the cooling unit (3) uses setpoint flows (Ka* to Kd) of the application units (10a to 10d) to determine individual working pressures (pAa to pAd) which must prevail in the header line (4) for the setpoint flows(Ka* to Kd*) to flow in the branch lines (9a to 9d).
Apparatus and method for controlling and/or monitoring a technical installation for producing and/or processing metal, having an assistant program with at least one interface for connection to application programs, wherein the assistant program receives a request for an item of information relating to the installation from at least one requesting application program via the interface, wherein the assistant program can access a data model that provides a suggestion of which information can be provided by at least one further application program. The assistant program determining, based on the request and on the data model, which application program can provide the requested information, wherein the assistant program transmits the request to the at least one determined application program which can provide the requested information, wherein the assistant program receives a response from the determined application program, and wherein the assistant program outputs the received response to the requesting application program.
G05B 19/409 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using manual data input [MDI] or by using control panel, e.g. controlling functions with the panelNumerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control panel details or by setting parameters
G05B 19/4093 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part programme, for the NC machine
38.
DYNAMIC PRODUCTION PLANNING METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING PLANTS
A dynamic production planning method for a continuous casting plant for casting a strand with a production system which has a predefined production plan, which method includes comparing target production parameters with actual production parameters. If the actual production parameters deviate from the target production parameters, a strand image is created on the basis of actual production parameters. With the aid of the calculated strand image, a check is carried out within the predefined production plan and, if possible, a new production plan is created. If no solution can be found from the predefined production plan, the strand image is transmitted to a production planning system. The production planning system creates a new production plan from all available orders on the basis of a predefined optimization criterion. The new production plan is subsequently transmitted to the production system.
B22D 11/16 - Controlling or regulating processes or operations
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
B22D 11/12 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
39.
DETERMINING A SENSITIVITY OF A TARGET VARIABLE OF A ROLLING MATERIAL FROM AN OPERATING VARIABLE OF A HOT ROLLING MILL
A control device for a section of a hot rolling mill is supplied with respective primary data for a plurality of rolling materials and respective preliminary target values for the target variables of the respective rolling material. The respective primary data describes the respective rolling material before being supplied to the section of the hot rolling mill. The respective preliminary target values of the target variables describe a desired target state of the respective rolling material after passing through the section of the hot rolling mill. At least one of the target variables is a particular target variable, whereby the control device determines a respective final target value in such a way that it changes the respective preliminary target value by a respective offset. The respective offset is determined independently of the primary data and the other particular target variables and the normal target variables for the respective rolling material.
In a roll stand (1), a planar rolling material (2) made of metal is rolled. The rolling material (2) exits the roll stand (1) in a transport direction (x). By means of an acquisition device (8) working contactlessly on the planar rolling material (2) without any mechanical impact, at least one two-dimensional dataset (D) concerning the surface of the planar rolling material (2) is consistently acquired iteratively on the exit side of the roll stand (1). The data values (DW) in the dataset (D) are dependent at least on the local external flatness. For strips (13) of the planar rolling material (2) extending in the transport direction (x) and using strips (12) in the particular dataset (D) corresponding to said strips (13), an evaluation device (9) determines an error value (PF) that relates to the particular strip (13, 12) and depends on the flatness error. The evaluation device (9) supplies the determined error values (PF) to a control device (14), which takes the error values (PF) into account when determining adjustment variables (S) for flatness control elements (5, 6) of the roll stand (1). The interaction of the acquisition device (8), evaluation device (9), control device (14) and roll stand (1) therefore results in a closed control loop working in real time. In order to determine the particular error value (PF) of a strip (13), the evaluation device (9) performs a local frequency analysis of the corresponding strip (12) in the particular two-dimensional dataset (D) and determines the particular error value (PF) on the basis of the local frequency analysis.
B21B 38/02 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring flatness or profile of strips
41.
IMPROVED CONTACTLESS DETECTION OF VIBRATIONS IN METAL BELTS
A measuring assembly (6) is arranged between a front and a rear device (2, 3) of a transport device for a metal belt (1). A mechanical excitation device (7) of the measuring assembly (6) excites the metal belt (1) in the thickness direction at an excitation frequency (fA) so as to produce mechanical vibrations in the metal belt. An upper face (15) of the metal plate (14) of the measuring assembly faces the metal belt (1). The metal plate (14) is equipped with sensor elements (16) which are offset relative to one another when viewed in the belt width direction and by means of which measurement signals (MA) which characterize the amplitude (A) of the excited mechanical vibrations are detected for corresponding regions of the metal belt (1). The sensor elements (16) protrude beyond the upper face (15) of the metal plate (14) and up to the metal belt (1). A cover (17) for the measuring assembly (6) consists of an electrically insulating material, covers the sensor elements (16) on the upper face thereof, and laterally seals the sensor elements.
B21B 38/02 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring flatness or profile of strips
G01L 5/04 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
42.
IMPROVED CONTACTLESS DETECTION OF VIBRATIONS IN METAL BELTS
A measuring assembly (6) is arranged between a front and a rear device (2, 3) of a transport device for a metal belt (1). A mechanical excitation device (7) of the measuring assembly (6) excites the metal belt (1) at an excitation frequency (fA) in the thickness direction in order to produce mechanical vibrations. The measuring assembly (6) has sensor elements (16) which are displaced relative to one another when viewed in the belt width direction. Analog measurement signals (MA) which characterize the amplitude (A) of the excited mechanical vibrations are detected for corresponding regions of the metal belt (1) using the sensor elements. The measuring assembly (6) is equipped with digitization devices (35), by means of which the detected analog measurement signals (MA) are digitized and the digitized measurement signals or signals derived therefrom are transmitted from the digitization devices to an evaluation device (34) arranged outside of the measuring assembly (6) as transmitted signals (MA'). The sensor elements (16) comprise eddy current sensors, wherein the eddy current sensors of sensor elements (16) which directly adjoin one another when viewed in the width direction are operated using different operating frequencies (fl, ff22,, f3) with respect to one another. When the sensor elements (16) are viewed as a whole, however, a plurality of sensor elements (16) are operated using the same operating frequency (fl, f2, f3).
G01B 7/34 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
G01L 5/04 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
G01B 7/02 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width, or thickness
B21B 38/02 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring flatness or profile of strips
43.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING A CONTROL PARAMETER FOR CONTROLLING A ROLLING MILL
The invention relates to a computer-implemented method for determining at least one target value of a control parameter for controlling at least one actuator of a rolling mill. A target value for the control parameter for controlling the actuator of the rolling mill is fed to a first prediction model. With reference to the target value of the control parameter the first prediction model determines a first expected value for at least one technical parameter of the rolling stock after the rolling using the target value of the control parameter of the actuator of the rolling mill. An adapted target value of the control parameter target value for the control parameter for controlling the actuator of the rolling mill is fed to a second prediction model. With reference to the adapted target value of the control parameter the second prediction model determines a second expected value for the at least one technical parameter of the rolling stock after the rolling using the adapted target value of the control parameter of the actuator of the rolling mill. The first expected value and the second expected value are compared with a target value of the technical parameter for the rolled rolling stock, and depending on the result of the comparison a new adapted target value of the control parameter of the actuator is determined with an optimisation module, the optimisation module having a trained neural network.
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
B21B 13/00 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
44.
METHOD FOR COMPENSATING FOR DISTURBANCE VARIABLES CAUSED BY MAGNETIC FIELDS IN A FLOW RATE MEASUREMENT OF LIQUIDS BY MEANS OF A MAGNETIC-INDUCTIVE FLOWMETER
The invention relates to the field of flow rate measurement of liquids by means of a magnetic-inductive flowmeter. The aim of the present invention is to provide a method which corrects the erroneous flow rate measurement. The aim is achieved by a method for compensating for at least one disturbance variable caused by a magnetic field in a flow rate measurement of liquids by means of a magnetic-inductive flowmeter (1), which supplies an erroneous flow rate (22) on the basis of the disturbance variable. An actual flow rate (23) is determined with the aid of the erroneous flow rate (22) and also a data-based model (20) of the disturbance variable. Characteristic influencing parameters of the disturbance variable are used as input parameters (21) for the data-based model (20). The aim is also achieved by an evaluation device (25) for carrying out the method. The invention further comprises an electric arc furnace (30) having a cooling system (27) which has an inflow (28) and an outflow (29) and in each case comprises a magnetic-inductive flowmeter (1). Each of the flowmeters (1) has an evaluation device (25).
G01F 1/58 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by electromagnetic flowmeters
G01F 15/02 - Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density, or temperature
F27D 9/00 - Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
000000) of the rolling stock (1) in the longitudinal direction, in the width direction and in the thickness direction in the relevant and the predetermined thermal state (Z, Z0) of the rolling stock (1).
Sensors detect states of units of a plant for producing and/or treating a rolled product made of metal and transmit them to an automation system. The state signals (Z) are, in part, dimensional signals. The automation system determines, by taking into account the state signals (Z), control signal signals (S) for actuators associated with the units and actuates the actuators accordingly. The automation system includes at least one model-based system which models the behavior of the system and/or of the rolled product in real time. The automation system transmits the state signals (Z), the control signals (S) and/or signals derived therefrom at least in part via an open data network to a human-machine interface arranged at an operating location. The transmitted signals comprise at least one of the dimensional signals. The automation system takes specifications (V) from the human-machine interface in determining the control signals (S).
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
A control device (9) of an electric arc furnace controls, in a melting phase and subsequently in a flat bath phase, an energy supply device (3) with first control values (A1), such that said energy supply device supplies electrical energy to electrodes (6) of the electric arc furnace via a furnace transformer (5). The control device, in both phases, further controls a positioning device (7) with second control values (A2), such that said positioning device positions the electrodes (6) relative to still unmelted steel-containing material (2) in the melting phase and relative to the molten steel (15) in the flat bath phase. As a result, electric arcs (14) are formed in both phases, by means of which the steel-containing material (2) is melted or the molten steel (15) is further heated. During the melting phase, both the first control values (A1) and the second control values (A2) are determined such that electrical parameters (U, I, P) of the electrical energy supplied to the electrodes (6) are approximated as far as possible to corresponding target variables (U*, I*, P*). In the flat bath phase, this applies only to the first control values (A1). The second control values (A2), in contrast, are determined either completely independently of the electrical parameters (U, I, P) or depending on the electrical parameters (U, I, P) only if the risk of an electric arc break and/or a short circuit is identified on the basis of the electrical parameters (U, I, P).
H05B 7/20 - Direct heating by arc discharge, i.e. where at least one end of the arc directly acts on the material to be heated, including additional resistance heating by arc current flowing through the material to be heated
C21C 5/52 - Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
48.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A ROLLED PRODUCT WITH A BOX PROFILE
According to the invention, a control device (3) receives actual variables (I) of a flat rolled product (2) before rolling and target variables (Z) of the rolled product (2) after rolling in a rolling mill. The target variables (Z) comprise at least one profile value (C) of the rolled product (2), which relates to a predetermined spacing (a) from the edges of the rolled product (2). The control device (3) determines an ideal contour shape (ci) on the basis of the target variables (Z). On the basis of the actual variables (I) and the ideal contour shape (ci), said device uses a model (6) of the rolling mill to determine target values (COM) for manipulated variables for the roll stands (1) of the rolling mill. The device transfers the target values (COM) to the roll stands (1), such that the rolled product (2) is rolled in the rolling mill in consideration of the target values (COM). The control device (3) determines the target values (COM) such that an expected contour shape (ce) of the rolled product (2) after rolling is approximated as far as possible to the ideal contour shape (ci) exclusively or at least primarily in a central region (11) as viewed over the rolled product width (b). The central region (11) extends towards the edges of the rolled product (2) up to region boundaries (12) which have a greater spacing from the edges of the rolled product (2) than the predetermined spacing (a).
The invention relates to a method for cooling a rolled product (15) in a cooling section (19) which is located upstream of a finishing train (9) of a hot rolling mill (1) and which comprises at least one cooling device (21, 22, 23) by means of which a coolant flow of a coolant (35) can be delivered onto a rolled product surface (29) of the rolled product (15). In the method, a coolant flow is delivered, by means of each cooling device (21, 22, 23) and in each cooling section pass, onto the rolled product surface (29), which flow is set to a set value that is assigned to the relevant cooling device (21, 22, 23) for the cooling section pass. The set values for a cooling section pass are determined in a simulation of the cooling section pass in such a manner that surface temperatures, determined in the simulation, of the rolled product surface (29) upon leaving active regions (31, 32, 33) of the cooling device (21, 22, 23) do not exceed a minimum value for a surface temperature of the rolled product surface (29).
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
50.
COOLING SECTION WITH VALVES AND PRESSURE VESSELS FOR PREVENTING PRESSURE SHOCKS
A device for cooling a metal rolling stock (1) rolled in a rolling train, having multiple cooling devices (4), to which water (5) is supplied via a respective branch line (7) and by means of which the water (5) is applied to the rolling stock (1). The branch lines (7) are equipped with a respective valve (8), by means of which the water flow flowing through the respective branch line (7) is adjusted. Each of the valves (8) is paired with a drive (9), via which the respective valve (8) is actuated. The cooling devices (4) form multiple groups, each of which is paired with a dedicated pressure vessel (10) in a proprietary manner. Each pressure vessel (10) is connected to a respective feed line (12) at a respective connection point (11), and the water (5) is supplied to the branch lines (7) of the cooling devices (4) of the corresponding group via said feed line. When viewed in the flow direction of the water (5), each connection point (11) is arranged upstream of the valves (8) of the respective group of cooling devices (4).
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
Coil has been produced by coiling of a strip. The coil has two end faces and a lateral surface, and also a coil eye having an eye axis. The binding bands have a binding band width. Initially, while a first subregion of the lateral surface of the coil, as seen in the direction of the eye axis, is resting on a first rest, those binding bands which, as seen in the direction of the eye axis, surround the coil completely outside the first subregion are removed. Then, while a second subregion of the coil, as seen in the direction of the eye axis, is resting on the first rest or a second rest, those binding bands which were not removed are removed. The first and the second subregion, as seen in the direction of the eye axis, are spaced apart from one another at least by the binding band width.
B21B 38/02 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring flatness or profile of strips
53.
MEASURING THE FLATNESS OF ROLLING TRAINS FOR ALUMINIUM
The invention relates to a rolling stand (2) for rolling a hot aluminium strip (1), downstream of which on the outlet side are arranged – in this order – a trimming device (7), a front deflection roller (8), a measuring assembly (9) and a coiling device (10). The coiling device (10) has a coiler (11) and a rear deflection roller (12), the rear deflection roller (12) being upstream of the coiler (11). The trimming device (7) cuts a portion of the metal strip (1) from both sides of the metal strip (1) such that only the remaining central region of the metal strip (1) is fed to the downstream devices (8 to 10). The front deflection roller (8) deflects the metal strip (1) away from a direct connecting line (13) between the rolling stand (2) and the rear deflection roller (12). The measuring assembly has a mechanical excitation device (14) and a measuring device (19). The mechanical excitation device (14) excites the metal strip (1) to mechanically oscillate in the direction of its thickness. The measuring assembly (19) senses, for a plurality of regions (20) of the metal strip (1) lying adjacent to one another in the direction of the width of the metal strip (1), the amplitude of the excited mechanical oscillation of the respective region (20).
B21B 38/02 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring flatness or profile of strips
G01B 7/34 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
54.
ROLLING WITH MINIMISATION OF A DROP IN THE BENDING FORCE UPON ENTRY
In a roll stand (1), a planar rolling material (8) consisting of metal is rolled. The working roll inserts (5) are pressed apart from one another by a bending system (10). A base set-point value (FBB*) is supplied to a bending controller (14) and is taken into consideration by the bending controller (14) to determine a resultant set-point value (FB*). An actual value (FB) of the bending force is also supplied to the bending controller (14). From this, the bending controller (14) determines a base controlled variable (SB) for the bending system (10) so that, when the bending system (10) is actuated with the base controlled variable (SB), the actual value (FB) is brought as close as possible to the base set-point value (FBB*). From a stabilisation time (t3), which lies after an entry time (t2), the bending controller (14) determines the resultant set-point value (FB*), additionally taking an actual rolling force (F) into consideration. During an entry time period, which starts before the actual entry time (t2) and ends at the latest at the stabilisation time, an additional set-point value (FBZ*) is supplied to the bending controller (14) and is taken into consideration by the bending controller (14) when determining the resultant set-point value (FB*). The actual value (FB) of the bending force is thus greater than the base set-point value (FBB*). Alternatively or additionally, an additional controlled variable (SZ) is added to the base controlled variable (SB), or the controlled variable (SR) supplied to the bending system (10) is limited downwardly by a minimal controlled variable (SM).
A flat metal material (2) to be rolled is rolled in a roll stand (1). A position controller (6) for controlling the placement of an actuator (5) by means of which a roll gap of the roll stand (1) is set determines an actuating variable (q) for the actuator (5) as a function of a resulting position target value (s*) and a position actual value (s) of the actuator (5) and drives the actuator (5) accordingly. The resulting position target value (s*) is determined with utilization of a resulting base target value (s1*). The resulting base target value (s1*) is determined as the sum of an initial base target value (s0*) and an additional target value (δs1*). The additional target value (δs1*) is determined by a determination element (13) with utilization of an inlet-end actual tension (ZE) and an inlet-end reference tension (ZER) and/or with utilization of an outlet-end actual tension (ZA) and an outlet-end reference tension (ZAR). Instead of the actual tensions (ZE, ZA), the corresponding target tensions (ZE*, ZA*) of corresponding tension control operations can also be used. However, in both cases, the reference tensions (ZER, ZAR) are variables that differ from the target tensions (ZE*, ZA*).
B21B 38/06 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring tension or compression
56.
Changing the effective contour of a running surface of a working roll during hot rolling of rolling stock in a roll stand to form a rolled strip
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for changing the effective contour of a running surface (8) of a working roller (3, 4) during the hot rolling of rolling stock in a roll stand (2) to form a rolled strip (1). The intention is to be able to change the contour of the running surface (8) during the hot rolling by means of the invention. This object is achieved according to the invention by the axial displacement of the working rollers (3, 4) in opposite directions by a displacement distance s, wherein s is greater or less than
and Δr indicates the wear of the running surface (8) in the radial direction (R) and α indicates the pitch angle of the conical portion (7) of the respective working roller (3, 4).
B21B 1/22 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length
B21B 13/14 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load
Hot rolling stock (1) made of metal which is rolled in at least one roll stand (2) and then cooled in a cooling section (5) arranged downstream of the at least one roll stand (2). Sound generated by means of a sound generator arrangement (8) is coupled into the rolling stock (1) by a coupling device (1) so that a standing sound wave is formed at least in the region of the rolling stock (1) which is located in the vicinity of the coupling device (10).
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B21B 37/00 - Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
B21B 38/00 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
B21B 1/16 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire or material of like small cross-section
Slabs pass through a furnace in a conveying direction, are heated to rolling temperature, and are rolled in at least one roller stand. Determining device receives information showing the regions occupied by the slabs relative to one another when passing through the furnace in at least one direction orthogonal to the conveying direction, and determines, for at least one rolling pass of the respective slab, an adjustment of the roller stand performing this rolling pass without prior determination of a respective temperature distribution of a respective slab or without utilization of a determined temperature of a respective slab. The determining device takes into account the region occupied by the respective preceding and/or following slab, seen in the conveying direction, relative to the respective slab, and supplies the respective determined adjustment of the roller stand to a control device, which controls the roller stand when the respective slab is being rolled.
G01B 7/14 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
B21B 13/02 - Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged horizontally
A roll stand (2) of a rolling mill is supplied with a metal strip (1) by an upstream supply device (3) at an in-feed speed (v), with said metal strip being rolled in the roll stand (2). A measuring device (4) between the supply device (3) and the roll stand (2) detects a respective thickness value (d) of the metal strip (1) for consecutive sections (9) of the metal strip (1) and supplies said value to a control device (6) of the rolling mill. The control device (6) determines a respective preliminary thickness deviation based on the deviation of the respective thickness value (d) from a target thickness for the respective section (9) of the metal strip (1), and final thickness deviations based on the preliminary thickness deviations. The control device (6) determines a respective control value (A2, A3) for the roll stand (2) and/or the supply device (3) for the sections (9) of the metal strip (1) based on the final thickness deviation of the respective section (9) of the metal strip (1) and the final thickness deviations of multiple preceding and/or subsequent sections (9) of the metal strip (1), taking a description of the inverse frequency behaviour of the roll stand (2) and/or the supply device (3) and/or the measuring device (4) into account. It then outputs the respective control value (A2, A3) to the roll stand (2) and/or the supply device (3) at the correct time.
A processing plant for metal strips (1) has a welding machine, a strip store downstream of the welding machine and a processing device downstream of the strip store. By means of the welding machine, the metal strips (1) are welded to form a continuous strip. The continuous strip is stored in the strip store and output from there to the processing device. The metal strips (1) are connected via diagonally extending weld seams. An angle that the weld seams form with the transport direction (x) is at least locally different from 90°. To join the weld seams, first the strip head (2) and the strip foot (3) of the metal strips (1) involved are slightly twisted and then the two strips (1) are connected together by forming the weld seam. The weld seam extends only transversely to the transport direction (x) during the actual welding process. Finally, the strip head (2) and the strip foot (3) of the metal strips (1) involved are twisted back again. As a result, the weld seam now extends diagonally to the transport direction (x).
B23K 26/08 - Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B23K 26/242 - Fillet welding, i.e. involving a weld of substantially triangular cross section joining two parts
A cooling section (2) is situated in a rolling line or upstream or downstream of the rolling line. A hot metal rolled material (1) is cooled in the cooling section. A control device (13) of the cooling section (2) dynamically determines setpoint actuation states (S1*) for control valves (10) situated in supply lines (8) and actuates the control valves (10) accordingly. Main flows (F1) of a liquid, water-based coolant (7) are supplied to application devices (6) of the cooling section (2) via the supply lines (8) in accordance with the actuation. The supply lines (8) conduct the main flows (F1) to buffer regions (12) of the application devices (6). Proceeding from there, cooling flows (F) of the coolant (7) are applied to the hot rolled material (1). The control device (13) also dynamically determines setpoint actuation states (S2*) for active devices (16) and actuates the active devices (16) accordingly. The active devices (16) conduct additional flows (F2) of a further medium (18) to the buffer regions (12) via further supply lines (17) in accordance with the actuation. The cooling flows (F) depend on both the main flows (F1) and the additional flows (F2). The additional flows (F2) are positive or negative depending on the actuation state (S2*) of the active devices (16). The control device (13) adjusts the additional flows (F2) by correspondingly actuating the active devices (16) such that the cooling flows (F) are as identical as possible to setpoint flows (F*) of the coolant (7) at all times.
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
62.
OPERATION OF A COOLING UNIT WITH A MINIMAL WORKING PRESSURE
A fluid coolant (6) is fed into a collection line (4) via a pump assembly (5). Branch lines (9a to 9d) in which control valves (11a to 11d) are arranged, run from the collection line (4) to application units (10a to 10d). Using the application units (10a to 10d), the coolant (6) is applied to a hot rolled material (2) made of metal and the rolled material (2) is thereby cooled. Based on target currents (Ka* to Kd*) of the application units (10a to 10d), for threshold modulation values of the control valves (11a to 11d), a control unit (12) of the cooling unit (3) determines individual working pressures that must be obtained in the collection line (4) so that the target currents (Ka* to Kd*) flow in the branch lines (9a to 9d). It then determines a temporary actuation state of the pump assembly (5) so that the collection line (4) is supplied with the sum of the target currents (Ka* to Kd*) and a temporary working pressure is simultaneously obtained in the collection line (4) corresponding to at least the greatest individual working pressure. Using the temporary actuation state, it determines a final actuation state (Z') of the pump assembly (5) in such a way that the collection line (4) is supplied with the entire current (K) and a final working pressure (pAe) is simultaneously obtained in the collection line (4). Then, using the final working pressure (pAe), it determines actuation values (Aa to Ad) of the control valves (11a to 11d), such that the target currents (Ka* to Kd*) flow in the branch lines (9a to 9d). It correspondingly actuates the pump assembly (5) and the control valves (11a to 11d).
B21B 37/74 - Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
63.
DYNAMIC PRODUCTION PLANNING METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING PLANTS
The present invention relates to the field of continuous casting plants in the metal-producing industry. The problem addressed by the invention is to provide a method which ensures the most cost-efficient production possible with minimum waste and reduced storage costs. The problem is solved by comparing target production parameters with actual production parameters. If the actual production parameters deviate from the target production parameters, a strand image is created on the basis of actual production parameters. The strand image comprises the strand (7) that has already been cast and not yet cut, and at least the strand (7) that arises as a result of a residual weight in the tundish and predefined parameters. With the aid of the calculated strand image, a check is carried out within the predefined production plan and, if possible, a new production plan is created. If no solution can be found from the predefined production plan, the strand image is transmitted to a production planning system (4). The production planning system (4) creates a new production plan from all available orders on the basis of a predefined optimisation criterion. The new production plan is subsequently transmitted to the production system (3).
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
B22D 11/126 - Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cutting
B22D 11/16 - Controlling or regulating processes or operations
64.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COMPENSATING FOR ELECTRODE BURN-OFF IN AN ARC FURNACE
The present invention relates to a method (100) and a system (1) for compensating for electrode (2) burn-off in an arc furnace (3). At least a part of the electrode (2) held in a first retaining position (H1) by a retaining device (4) is detected (S1) with the aid of a sensor device (5) and a second retaining position (H2) is determined (S2) on the basis of data generated during the detection. The retaining device (4) can then be repositioned (S4) relative to the electrode (2) from the first retaining position (H1) to the determined second retaining position (H2).
F27B 3/08 - Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory typeElectric arc furnaces heated electrically, e.g. electric arc furnaces, with or without any other source of heat
F27B 3/28 - Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
A control device of the rolling mill line controls actuators of a downstream and an upstream roll stand. The control device determines control variables for the actuators of the upstream roll stand while taking into consideration a flatness change to be carried out and additionally taking into consideration a contour change to be carried out and controls the actuators of the upstream roll stand accordingly. The control device determines control variables for the actuators of the downstream roll stand while taking into consideration the contour change to be performed but without taking into consideration the flatness change to be performed and controls the actuators of the downstream roll stand accordingly. The control device outputs the control variables to the actuators of the downstream roll stand with a delay of a transport time, relative to the corresponding control variables for the actuators of the upstream roll stand.
B21B 37/28 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates
B21B 38/02 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring flatness or profile of strips
66.
DETERMINING A SENSITIVITY OF A TARGET VARIABLE OF A ROLLING MATERIAL FROM AN OPERATING VARIABLE OF A HOT ROLLING MILL
A control device (6) for a section of a hot rolling mill is supplied with respective primary data (PD) for a plurality of rolling materials and respective preliminary target values (Z*) for the target variables of the respective rolling material. The respective primary data (PD) describes the respective rolling material before being supplied to the section of the hot rolling mill. The respective preliminary target values (Z*) of the target variables describe a desired target state of the respective rolling material after passing through the section of the hot rolling mill. At least one of the target variables is a particular target variable, whereby the control device (6) determines a respective final target value in such a way that it changes the respective preliminary target value (Z*) by a respective offset. The respective offset is determined independently of the primary data (PD) and the other particular target variables and the normal target variables for the respective rolling material. It is also independent of the operating values of the hot rolling mill determined for handling the respective rolling material. The other target variables are normal target variables, whereby the control device (6) accepts the respective preliminary target value (Z*) unchanged as the respective final target value. In relation to the respective particular target variable, the offsets have multiple different values when all the rolling materials are viewed as a whole. The control device (6) determines operating values (A) for the section of the hot rolling mill in such a way that, after passing through the section of the hot rolling mill, the respective rolling material achieves the final target values of the target variables as far as possible, and operates the section of the hot rolling mill when handling the respective rolling material according to the determined operating values (A).
A cooling section arranged within, upstream of, or downstream of a rolling train is provided. A hot-rolled product made of metal is cooled by the cooling section. Application devices of the cooling section are supplied with an actual current of a water-based liquid coolant via a supply line and a pump. The actual current of the coolant is applied to the hot-rolled product by means of the application device. The hot-rolled product is transported within the cooling section in a horizontal transport direction during the application of the coolant. A controller of the cooling section dynamically ascertains a target actuation state for each pump on the basis of a target current of the coolant to be applied onto the hot-rolled product by the application device and controls the pump in a corresponding manner such that the actual current delivered by each pump approximates the target current as much as possible.
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
68.
APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING AND/OR MONITORING A TECHNICAL INSTALLATION
Apparatus and method for controlling and/or monitoring a technical installation for producing and/or processing metal, having an assistant program with at least one interface for connection to application programs, wherein the assistant program receives a request for an item of information relating to the installation from at least one requesting application program via the interface, wherein the assistant program can access a data model, wherein the data model provides a suggestion of which information can be provided by at least one further application program, wherein the assistant program determines, on the basis of the request and on the basis of the data model, which application program can provide the requested information, wherein the assistant program transmits the request to the at least one determined application program which can provide the requested information, wherein the assistant program receives a response from the determined application program, and wherein the assistant program outputs the received response to the requesting application program.
B21B 37/00 - Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
G05B 19/409 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using manual data input [MDI] or by using control panel, e.g. controlling functions with the panelNumerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control panel details or by setting parameters
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
G05B 19/18 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
B21B 1/18 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire or material of like small cross-section in a continuous process
B21B 37/28 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates
B21B 37/36 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates using roll camber control by radial displacement of the roll sleeve on a stationary roll beam by means of hydraulic supports
A rolling mill has a rolling stand (1) in which a flat rolled product (2) composed of metal is rolled. A sensor device (6), which detects at least one measured variable (M) characteristic of a material property of the flat rolled product (2), is arranged upstream and/or downstream of the rolling stand (1). The material property can be, in particular, an electromagnetic property or a mechanical property of the rolled product (2). The sensor device (6) transfers the detected measured variable (M) to a control device (9) for the rolling mill. Taking into account the measured variable (M), the control device (9) determines a control value (A) for the rolling stand (1). The control of the rolling stand (1) influences the material property of the flat rolled product (2). The control value (A) is a ratio of the peripheral speeds (vO, vU) at which the upper and the lower working rolls (3, 4) of the rolling stand (1) rotate.
Hot rolling stock (1) made of metal which is rolled in at least one roll stand (2) and then cooled in a cooling section (5) arranged downstream of the at least one roll stand (2). Sound generated by means of a sound generator arrangement (8) is coupled into the rolling stock (1) by a coupling device (1) so that a standing sound wave is formed at least in the region of the rolling stock (1) which is located in the vicinity of the coupling device (10).
B21B 15/00 - Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
B21B 1/16 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire or material of like small cross-section
B21B 37/00 - Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
B21B 38/00 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
72.
Targeted adjusting of the contour using corresponding specifications
Prior to the rolling of a flat rolling material (2) on a rolling line that includes a number of roll stands (1), a control system (3) receives actual variables (I) and target variables (Z) of the material (2). The control system (3) determines desired values (S*) for the roll stands (1), based on the actual (I) and target variables (Z) in combination with a model (10) of the rolling line, such that expected variables (E1) of the material (2) after its rolling are aligned as far as possible with the target variables (Z) and transfers the desired values (S*) to the roll stands (1) such that the material (2) is rolled according to the desired values (S*). The target variables (Z) comprise at least one freely selectable, discrete characteristic variable (K1 to K5, K2′ to K4′, K2″ to K4″) defining the contour (K) of the flat rolling material (2).
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
73.
Cooling of an obliquely positioned flat rolled product
A flat rolled metal product (1) is first hot-rolled in at least one rolling stand (2), then fed to a cooling zone (5) arranged downstream of the rolling stand (2) and finally cooled in the cooling zone (5). During the rolling in the rolling stand (2), the flat rolled product (1) is oriented horizontally. Before running into the cooling zone (5) and/or when running into the cooling zone (5), the flat rolled product (1) is turned by a first acute angle (a) about an axis running in the transporting direction (x), so that after completion of the turning about the axis the flat rolled product (1) is oriented obliquely. The flat rolled product (1) is cooled in the cooling zone (5) while it is oriented obliquely. The product (1) is then returned to horizontal orientation.
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
B21B 39/02 - Feeding or supporting workBraking or tensioning arrangements
74.
REMOTE CONTROL OF A SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING AND/OR TREATING A ROLLED PRODUCT MADE OF METAL
According to the invention, sensors (9) detect states of units (10) of a system for producing and/or treating a rolled product (2) made of metal and transmit them to an automation system (8). The state signals (Z) are, in part, dimensional signals. The automation system (8) determines, by taking into account the state signals (Z), control signal signals (S) for actuators (11) associated with the units (10) and actuates the actuators (11) accordingly. The automation system (8) comprises at least one model-based system which models the behavior of the system and/or of the rolled product (2) in real time. The automation system transmits the state signals (Z), the control signals (S) and/or signals derived therefrom at least in part via an open data network (16) to a human-machine interface (17) arranged at an operating location. The transmitted signals comprise at least one of the dimensional signals. An operator (19) specifies commands (B) to the human-machine interface (17) by activating control elements (20), which commands the human-machine interface (17) converts to specifications (V), which said human-machine interface transmits to the automation system (8). The automation system (8) takes the specifications (V) into account when determining the control signals (S). The data is transmitted in both communication directions with high probability at low latency. The associated bandwidth is sufficiently large. The automation system (8) and the human-machine interface (17) decide which dimensional signals they transmit in what scope and output them to the operator (19). The decisions are made according to the state of the rolled product (2) and/or of the system. Alternatively or additionally, the specifications (V) are determined on this basis.
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
75.
COOLING DEVICE WITH COOLANT JETS HAVING A HOLLOW CROSS SECTION
The invention relates to a cooling device with coolant jets having a hollow cross section. A treatment line for a flat, elongate, hot rolling stock made of metal has a finishing train for rolling the rolling stock and a cooling device. The cooling device can, as required, be located upstream or downstream of the finishing train or within the finishing train. The cooling device has a first cooling bar, which extends fully over the rolling stock, seen in the width direction of the rolling stock. The first cooling bar has, facing the rolling stock, several coolant outlets by means of which water is applied to the rolling stock. The coolant outlets are arranged in the first coolant bar in a positionally fixed manner extending in at least one width direction (y) of the rolling stock and each have, within the respective row, a predefined distance from one another. The coolant outlets are designed as solid jet nozzles out of which, during operation, a solid jet having a respective cross section (11) exits. The cross sections (11) of the solid jets are each continuous and each have a convex shell. The convex shell in each case contains at least one region (13) that is not contained in the full jet itself.
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
A coil (4) is produced by winding a tape (1). The coil (4) has two end faces (6), a lateral surface (7), and a coil eye (8) with an eye axis (9), and the binding tapes (5) have a binding tape width (b). While a first sub-region of the lateral surface (7) of the coil (4) is lying on a first support (10) when viewed in the direction of the eye axis (9), the binding tapes (5) completely surrounding the coil (4) outside the sub-region when viewed in the direction of the eye axis (9) are first removed. The binding tapes (5) which were not removed in step a) are then removed while a second sub-region of the coil (4) is lying on the first support (10) or a second support (15) when viewed in the direction of the eye axis (9). The first and second sub-region are mutually spaced at least by the binding tape width (b) when viewed in the direction of the eye axis (9).
A locating system that performs a locating method for locating a flame-cut billet in a stack of flame-cut billets that includes an imager that obtains an image of an end surface of a billet, a classifier that classifies the image of the end surface, and a matcher that matches the classified image of the end surface with a classified image from among a plurality of classified images stored in a classified image storage.
A locating system that performs a locating method for locating a flame- cut billet in a stack of flame-cut billets that includes an imager that obtains an image of an end surface of a billet, a classifier that classifies the image of the end surface, and a matcher that matches the classified image of the end surface with a classified image from among a plurality of classified images stored in a classified image storage.
The invention relates to a device for cooling a metal rolling stock (1) rolled in a rolling train, having multiple cooling devices (4), to which water (5) is supplied via a respective branch line (7) and by means of which the water (5) is applied to the rolling stock (1). The branch lines (7) are equipped with a respective valve (8), by means of which the water flow flowing through the respective branch line (7) is adjusted. Each of the valves (8) is paired with a drive (9), via which the respective valve (8) is actuated. The cooling devices (4) form multiple groups, each of which is paired with a dedicated pressure vessel (10) in a proprietary manner. Each pressure vessel (10) is connected to a respective feed line (12) at a respective connection point (11), and the water (5) is supplied to the branch lines (7) of the cooling devices (4) of the corresponding group via said feed line. When viewed in the flow direction of the water (5), each connection point (11) is arranged upstream of the valves (8) of the respective group of cooling devices (4).
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
80.
Cooling of an obliquely positioned flat rolled product
A flat rolled metal product (1) is first hot-rolled in at least one rolling stand (2), then fed to a cooling zone (5) arranged downstream of the rolling stand (2) and finally cooled in the cooling zone (5). During the rolling in the rolling stand (2), the flat rolled product (1) is oriented horizontally. Before running into the cooling zone (5) and/or when running into the cooling zone (5), the flat rolled product (1) is turned by a first acute angle (a) about an axis running in the transporting direction (x), so that after completion of the turning about the axis the flat rolled product (1) is oriented obliquely. The flat rolled product (1) is cooled in the cooling zone (5) while it is oriented obliquely. The product (1) is then returned to horizontal orientation.
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
B21B 39/02 - Feeding or supporting workBraking or tensioning arrangements
In a cooling path, hot rolled material composed of metal is cooled. The cooling path has a pump which extracts coolant from a coolant reservoir and feeds said coolant via a line system to a number of coolant outlets which are controlled by means of valves positioned upstream of the coolant outlets. A control device of the cooling path determines activation states (Ci) for the valves for a respective point in time taking into consideration coolant flows (Wi) which are intended to be discharged via the coolant outlets at the respective point in time, in conjunction with a working pressure (pA) of the coolant prevailing at the inlet side of the valve. By adding the coolant flows (Wi), said control device determines a total coolant flow (WG).
C21D 9/52 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for wiresHeat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for strips
C21D 11/00 - Process control or regulation for heat treatments
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
C21D 1/667 - Quenching devices for spray quenching
C21D 9/573 - Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
A cooling system (2) for cooling metal rolling stock. A plurality of cooling bars (8) for applying a coolant onto the rolling stock, one dedicated coolant supply line (36) for each cooling bar (8), and a feed system (9) for guiding the coolant to the coolant supply lines (36). Each cooling bar (8) is connected to the feed system (9) via a dedicated coolant supply line (36). A bypass line (48, 52) for discharging a coolant flow from the feed system (9), is connected on the input side to a connection element (51, 53) of the feed system (9).
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
C21D 1/667 - Quenching devices for spray quenching
Slabs (2) pass through a furnace (1) in a conveying direction (y) where they are heated to rolling temperature. There are a plurality of slabs (2) in the furnace (1). After heating, the slabs (2) are rolled in at least one roll stand (4, 6) in at least one rolling pass. A determination device (8) receives pieces of information (I1, I2, I3) which indicate which areas the slabs (2) occupy relative to one another when they pass through the furnace (1) in at least one direction (x, z) orthogonal to the conveying direction (y). The determination device uses these pieces of information (I1, I2, I3) to determine, without previously determining a particular temperature distribution of a particular slab (2) or without utilizing a determined temperature of a particular slab (2) for at least one rolling pass of the particular slab (2), an adjustment (A) of the roll stand (4, 6) carrying out this rolling pass. When determining the adjustment (A) for the particular slab (2), the determination device (8) takes into account the area occupied by the preceding and/or following slab (2), in the conveying direction (y), relative to the particular slab (2). The determination device (8) provides the determined adjustment (A) of the roll stand (4, 6) to a control device (5, 7), which controls the roll stand (4, 6) during the rolling of the particular slab (2) taking into account the particular adjustment (A).
The invention relates to a control device (3b) for a roll stand (1), which control device receives, during rolling of a metal strip (2) in the roll stand (1), measurement data (M) for a lateral position (y) of the metal strip (2) on the inlet side and/or outlet side of the roll stand (1). A stand regulator (3a) of the control device (3b) determines, taking into account parameters (P) of the stand regulator (3a) on the basis of the deviation in the lateral position (y) from a target position (y*), a tilt value (δs) for the roll stand (1) and controls the roll stand (1) accordingly. The control device (3b) determines at least one variable (V1, V2, Q1, Q2) from which it is derived, for both strip edges (7, 8) of the metal strip (2), whether the metal strip (2) forms an undulation (9) in the region of the particular strip edge (7, 8). As soon as the metal strip (2) forms an undulation (9) in the region of one of the strip edges (7, 8), the control device (3b) varies at least one of the parameters (P) of the stand regulator (3a), such that the stand regulator (3a) determines the tilt value (δs), starting from the variation in the at least one parameter (P), taking into account the changed parameter (P).
Before the rolling of a metal strip on a finishing train, the actual width and actual temperature of portions of the metal strip are respectively detected. The portions of the metal strip are tracked while they run through the finishing train. The rolling stands are respectively assigned width controlling devices which determine the setpoint width and the actual width after the rolling in the assigned rolling stand, and a downstream additional setpoint value, by which the desired tension downstream of the assigned rolling stand is corrected in order to bring the actual width closer to the setpoint width. The downstream additional setpoint value is both taken into account in the determination of the actual width and fed to a tension controller, which sets an actual tension, in the metal strip downstream of the assigned rolling stand, in accordance with the corrected setpoint tension. Determining the downstream additional setpoint value by the difference between the setpoint width and the actual width of a portion of the metal strip.
B21B 37/22 - Lateral spread controlWidth control, e.g. by edge rolling
B21B 37/50 - Tension controlCompression control by looper control
B21B 38/00 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
B21B 38/04 - Methods or devices for measuring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions of the product
The present invention relates to a method and a device for changing the effective contour of a running surface (8) of a working roll (3, 4) during the hot rolling of rolling stock in a roll stand (2) to form a rolled strip (1). The problem addressed by the invention is that of allowing the contour of the running surface (8) to be changed during the hot rolling. Said problem is solved according to the invention by axially moving the working rolls (3, 4) in opposite directions by a movement distance (s), s being greater or less than (formula (I)), Δr indicating the wear of the running surface (8) in the radial direction (R) and a indicating the inclination angle of the conical portion (7) of the working roll (3, 4) in question.
A metal strip is rolled in a roll stand and a control device for the roll stand determines, by means of a working cycle, a number of manipulated variables for flatness actuators of the roll stand and actuates them accordingly. The control device implements an optimizer, which provisionally sets the current correction values, and determines a totality of flatness values. Then, the optimizer minimizes the relationship by varying the current correction variables. When determining the current correction variables (s), the optimizer considers linear ancillary conditions, based at least in part on a vector having the ancillary conditions upheld by the current correction values and a vector having the ancillary conditions upheld by the difference of the current correction values relative to the correction values of the preceding working cycle. The control device determines the manipulated variables for the flatness actuators in consideration of the determined current correction variables.
B21B 37/40 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates using axial shifting of the rolls
G01B 7/28 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
B21B 37/28 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates
G05B 19/416 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control of velocity, acceleration or deceleration
G05B 19/18 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
G05B 19/19 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path
G05B 19/23 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path using an incremental digital measuring device for point-to-point control
G05B 19/35 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path using an analogue measuring device for point-to-point control
G05B 19/414 - Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller
G05B 19/29 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path using an absolute digital measuring device for point-to-point control
88.
LOCAL MODIFICATION OF THE ROLLER NIP IN THE REGION OF THE BELT EDGES OF A ROLLED BELT
The present invention relates to a method and a device for local modification of a roller nip in the region of the belt edges (10) of a rolled belt (1) in a roll stand (2). By means of the invention, the roller nip in the region of the belt edges (10) of the belt (1) can be locally modified during the hot rolling process. This problem is solved according to the invention by axially displacing the working rolls (3, 4) in opposite directions on a displacement path s, wherein s is greater than or smaller than (I) and Δr represents the frictional wear of the running surface (8) in the radial direction (R) and α represents the angle of inclination of the conical portion (7) of the particular working roll (3, 4).
Methods and apparatus for locally changing a roll gap in the region of the strip edges (10) of a rolled strip (1) in a rolling stand (2). The roll gap can be changed locally in the region of the strip edges (10) of the strip (1) during the hot rolling. Axial displacement of the working rollers (3, 4) in opposite directions is by a displacement distance s, where s is greater than or less than Δr/tan(α) and Δr indicates the wear of the running surface (8) in the radial direction (R) and α indicates the pitch angle of the conical portion (7) of the respective working roller (3, 4).
B21B 37/62 - Roll-force controlRoll-gap control by control of a hydraulic adjusting device
B21B 1/26 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous process by hot-rolling
A model (8) is based on mathematical-physical equations. The model models the production of a particular output product (1) from at least one input product (2) supplied in each case to an installation in the raw materials industry on the basis of operation (B) of the installation. During production of the output products (1), the installation is controlled by a control device (5) in such a manner that particular actual operation (B) of the installation corresponds as far as possible to particular desired operation (B*) of the installation. The desired operation (B*) is determined by the control device (5) using the model (8) of the installation. The model (8) is parameterized according to a number of first model parameters (P1) for the purpose of modelling the installation. After a multiplicity of output products (1) have been produced in each case, actual sizes (A) of the output products (1) in the particular multiplicity are compared with expected sizes (A′) of the output products (1) in the particular multiplicity. On the basis of the comparison, the first model parameters (P1) are newly determined and the model (8) in the control device (5) is newly parameterized according to the new values of the first model parameters (P1). After this time, the desired operation (B*) is determined by the control device (5) using the newly parameterized model (8) of the installation in the raw materials industry. The expected sizes (A′) are determined by means of the model (8), wherein the determination of the expected sizes (A′) is based on the actual operation (B) of the installation.
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
B21B 37/28 - Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates
A metal strip (2) passes through a plurality of roll stands (3) of a rolling mill line (1) one after the other sequentially. A control device (4) of the rolling mill line (1) controls actuators (9, 10) of a downstream roll stand (3f) and of an upstream roll stand (3e) upstream of the downstream roll stand (10). The control device (4) determines manipulated variables for the actuators (9) of the upstream roll stand (3e) while taking into consideration a flatness change (δF1) to be carried out and additionally taking into consideration a contour change (δC1) to be carried out and controls the actuators of the upstream roll stand (3e) accordingly. The control device (4) determines manipulated variables for the actuators (10) of the downstream roll stand (3f) while taking into consideration the contour change (δC1) to be carried out but without taking into consideration the flatness change (δF1) to be carried out and controls the actuators (10) of the downstream roll stand (3f) accordingly. However, the control device (4) outputs the manipulated variables for the actuators (10) of the downstream roll stand (3f) to the actuators (10) of the downstream roll stand (3f) with a delay of a transport time (T1), relative to the corresponding manipulated variables for the actuators (9) of the upstream roll stand (3e). The transport time (T1) is the time that elapses between the rolling of the metal strip (2) in the upstream roll stand (3e) and the rolling of the metal strip (2) in the downstream roll stand (3f).
The invention relates to hot rolling stock (1) made of metal which is rolled in at least one roll stand (2) and then cooled in a cooling section (5) arranged downstream of the at least one roll stand (2). Sound generated by means of a sound generator arrangement (8) is coupled into the rolling stock (1) by means of a coupling device (1) so that a standing sound wave is formed at least in the region of the rolling stock (1) which is located in the vicinity of the coupling device (10).
C21D 8/02 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
B21B 11/00 - Subsidising the rolling processes by subjecting rollers or work to vibrations
B21B 37/00 - Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
B21B 37/74 - Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
C21D 8/04 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
93.
APPLICATION DEVICES FOR COOLING SECTIONS, HAVING A SECOND CONNECTION
A cooling section (2) is situated in a rolling line or upstream or downstream of the rolling line. A hot metal rolled material (1) is cooled in the cooling section. A control device (13) of the cooling section (2) dynamically determines setpoint actuation states (S1*) for control valves (10) situated in supply lines (8) and actuates the control valves (10) accordingly. Main flows (F1) of a liquid, water-based coolant (7) are supplied to application devices (6) of the cooling section (2) via the supply lines (8) in accordance with the actuation. The supply lines (8) conduct the main flows (F1) to buffer regions (12) of the application devices (6). Proceeding from there, cooling flows (F) of the coolant (7) are applied to the hot rolled material (1). The control device (13) also dynamically determines setpoint actuation states (S2*) for active devices (16) and actuates the active devices (16) accordingly. The active devices (16) conduct additional flows (F2) of a further medium (18) to the buffer regions (12) via further supply lines (17) in accordance with the actuation. The cooling flows (F) depend on both the main flows (F1) and the additional flows (F2). The additional flows (F2) are positive or negative depending on the actuation state (S2*) of the active devices (16). The control device (13) adjusts the additional flows (F2) by correspondingly actuating the active devices (16) such that the cooling flows (F) are as identical as possible to setpoint flows (F*) of the coolant (7) at all times.
The invention relates to a cooling section (2) arranged within a rolling train or upstream or downstream of the rolling train. A hot-rolled product (1) made of metal is cooled by means of the cooling section (2). Application devices (6) of the cooling section (2) are supplied with a respective actual current (F) of a water-based liquid coolant (7) via a respective supply line (8) and a respective pump (10). The respective actual current (F) of the coolant (7) is applied to the hot-rolled product (1) by means of the respective application device (6). The hot-rolled product (1) is transported within the cooling section (2) in a horizontal transport direction (x) during the application of the coolant (7). A controller (11) of the cooling section (2) dynamically ascertains a respective target actuation state (S*) for each pump (10) on the basis of a respective target current (F*) of the coolant (7) to be applied onto the hot-rolled product (1) by means of the respective application device (6) and controls the respective pump (10) in a corresponding manner such that the respective actual current (F) delivered by each pump (10) approximates the respective target current (F*) as much as possible at any time.
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
95.
Integrated planning of production and/or maintenance plans
A production planning system (6) for a raw materials industry plant (ANL), which determines the production planning data (Pi) thereof and specifies said data to the automation system (1) of the plant (ANL). A state monitoring system (7) determines previous and future anticipated states (Z1) of components of the plant (ANL). A quality determination system (8) determines states (Z2) of output products (Ai) produced and still to be produced by the plant (ANL) and/or past and future states (Z3) of the plant (ANL) as a whole. A maintenance planning system (9) and/or the production planning system (6) receive, from the state monitoring system (7), the states (Z1) of the components of the plant (ANL), determined by the state monitoring system (7) and, from the quality determination system (8), the states (Z2 and Z3) of the output products (Ai) and/or of the plant (ANL) as a whole, determined by the quality determination system (8). They consider the data received from the state monitoring system (7) and from the quality determination system (8) in the determination of maintenance planning data (W) and/or the production planning data (Pi).
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
G07C 3/00 - Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles
An automation system (1) determines control data (S′), outputs same to controlled elements (5) of the facility (ANL) and thereby controls the facility (ANL). Sensor devices (2) acquire measurement data (M) of the facility (ANL) and at least partly feed same to the automation system (1) and a man-machine interface (3). Said man-machine interface (3) receives planning data (P) from a production planning system (11) and/or control data (S′) and/or internal data (I) from the automation system (1). The interface outputs the data (M, S′, I) to a person (4). It furthermore receives control commands (S) from the person (4) and forwards them to the automation system (1). The automation system (1) processes the measurement data (M) and the control commands (S) when determining the control data (S′). An artificial intelligence unit (9) receives at least part of the measurement data (M), control data (S′) and/or internal data (I) and the data output to the person (4). It also receives the control commands (S). The artificial intelligence unit (9) processes the data (M, S′, I) and control demands (S) received and determines evaluation results (A) therefrom and makes the latter available to the person (4) and/or to the production planning system (11) and/or sets them for the automation system (1) in the form of control commands (5″) directly or via the man-machine interface (3). The data (M, S′, I) received by the artificial intelligence unit (9) are at least to some extent dimensional data. Said dimensional data (M, S′, I) comprise at least one image captured by a sensor device (2) or an image output via the man-machine interface (3), part of such an image, a time sequence of such images or a time sequence of a part of such images or an acoustic oscillation or an acoustic oscillation spectrum.
G05B 19/41 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by interpolation, e.g. the computation of intermediate points between programmed end points to define the path to be followed and the rate of travel along that path
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
B21B 37/00 - Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
97.
LIFTING DEVICE FOR A METALLURGICAL LADLE, AND TREATMENT DEVICE FOR LIQUID METAL
A lifting device (1) for a metallurgical ladle (2), in which there is liquid metal (3), has two pairs (4) of vertically oriented posts (5) and two horizontally oriented transverse struts (6). The transverse struts (6) are fastened to the posts (5) of a pair (4) of posts (5) each. A transverse beam (7) is provided for each transverse strut (6) and can be positioned in the vertical direction relative to the transverse strut (6) by means of an individual hydraulic cylinder unit (8). A hook (11) for receiving a pin (12) arranged on the metallurgical ladle (2) is suspended from each transverse beam (7). The hydraulic cylinder units (8) each comprise a hydraulic cylinder (9) and a piston (10) that can be retracted and extended relative to the hydraulic cylinder (9). The transverse beams (7) are arranged above the transverse struts (6). The hydraulic cylinder units (8) act in such a way that the transverse beams (7) are moved upwards when the pistons (10) are extended and are moved downwards when the pistons (10) are retracted. The associated treatment device additionally comprises a treatment unit (23) for treating the liquid metal (3), which treatment unit is arranged above the transverse struts (6) of the lifting device (1). The hydraulic cylinder units (8) are designed as servocylinders.
B22D 41/12 - Travelling ladles or similar containersCars for ladles
B66C 17/00 - Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially-horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports
B66C 17/10 - Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially-horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports specially adapted for particular purposes, e.g. in foundries, forgesOverhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially-horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports combined with auxiliary apparatus serving particular purposes for transporting ladles
The invention relates to a roll stand (1) having at least one pair of rollers (4, 5) between which the flat rolled product (2) is located. The rollers (4, 5) can be moved axially in opposite directions. The roll stand (1) additionally has a bending system (6) for the rollers (4, 5). A controller (8) of the roll stand (1) uses the bending and the axial movement of the rollers (4, 5) in order to regulate the roll gap contour as an adjustment mechanism. Prior to rolling a respective rolled product (2), the controller determines a respective axial position (x) as the resulting axial position (x) and sets the axial position as the axial position (x) of the rollers (4, 5) for the roll stand (1) in order to roll the next flat rolled product (2). For this purpose, the controller (8) ascertains how far a specified target roll gap contour can be approximated for a plurality of axial positions (x) of the rollers (4, 5) by actuating the adjustment mechanism (6, 7) while taking into consideration technological boundary conditions and classifies the axial positions (x) at which a deviation of the resulting roll gap contour from the target roll gap contour lies below a specified limit as being permissible. The controller then removes the axial positions (x) excluded from the plurality of axial positions (x) classified as being permissible as long as at least one axial position (x) classified as being permissible still remains after the excluded axial positions (x) are removed. The controller (8) determines one of the remaining axial positions (x) as the resulting axial position (x).
B21B 1/40 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling foils which present special problems, e.g. because of thinness
99.
Converter-fed electric arc furnace with capacitor assembly in the secondary circuit
An electric arc furnace (1) operated with alternating current has a converter (2) which converts mains voltage (U), into primary voltage (U′) having a furnace frequency (f′). A furnace transformer (4) transforms the primary voltage (U′) into a secondary voltage (U″), supplied to electrodes (6) in a furnace vessel (8) (1). They apply electric arcs (10) to a melt material (9) in the vessel (8). The secondary voltage (U″) is also supplied to a capacitor assembly (7) on the output side of the furnace transformer (4) and the furnace transformer (4) is connected on the output side. A control device (5) controls the converter (2) such that a primary voltage (U′) output from the converter (2) to the furnace transformer (4) has a furnace frequency (f) of least ten times the mains frequency (f) and/or greater than 1 kHz.
In a cooling path, hot rolled material (3) composed of metal is cooled. The cooling path has a pump (7) which extracts coolant (2) from a coolant reservoir (8) and feeds said coolant via a line system (9) to a number of coolant outlets (4, 6) which are controlled by means of valves (10) positioned upstream of the coolant outlets (4, 6). A control device (11) of the cooling path determines activation states (Ci) for the valves (10) for a respective point in time taking into consideration coolant flows (Wi) which are intended to be discharged via the coolant outlets (4, 6) at the respective point in time, in conjunction with a working pressure (pA) of the coolant (2) prevailing at the inlet side of the valve (10). By adding the coolant flows (Wi), said control device determines a total coolant flow (WG). Taking into consideration the total coolant flow (WG), the working pressure (pA) of the coolant (2) and additionally a change (5WG) of the total coolant flow (WG), said control device determines a pump pressure (pP) that is intended to prevail at the outlet side of the pump (7) such that the working pressure (pA) is attained at the inlet side of the valves (10). Taking into consideration the total coolant flow (WG), the pump pressure (pP) and a suction pressure (pS) prevailing at the inlet side of the pump (7), said control device determines an activation state (CP) for the pump (7). Said control device activates the valves (10) and the pump (7) in accordance with the determined activation states (Ci, CP). The control device (11) performs said steps cyclically.
patents
