Abstract

A method of using RNA interference (RNAi) for the transient, reversible and controlled opening of the tight junctions of the blood brain barrier and/or the blood retinal barrier. This method may be used in the treatment of many diseases and disorders which require the opening of the blood brain barrier and/or blood retinal barrier. Such methods generally involve the use of an RNAi-inducing agent, such as siRNA, miRNA, shRNA or an RNAi-inducing vector whose presence within a cell results in production of an siRNA or shRNA, targeting tight junction proteins to open the blood brain barrier and/or blood retinal barrier.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 48/00 - Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseasesGene therapy
• C12N 15/11 - DNA or RNA fragmentsModified forms thereof
• C12N 15/113 - Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides
• A61K 31/713 - Double-stranded nucleic acids or oligonucleotides
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A61P 25/28 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• A61K 9/127 - Synthetic bilayered vehicles, e.g. liposomes or liposomes with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant
• C12N 15/85 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells

Abstract

Disclosed is a promoter for driving expression in the retina. The promoter sequence comprises at least NEFH promoter conserved region A and optionally one or more of NEFH conserved regions D, F, D1, K, B, C and E. Also disclosed are uses of the promoter for directing expression to retinal ganglion cells and uses for the treatment of ocular diseases.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/85 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
• A61K 48/00 - Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseasesGene therapy
• C12N 5/079 - Neural cells

Abstract

Disclosed is a promoter for driving expression in the retina. The promoter sequence comprises at least NEFH promoter conserved region A and optionally one or more of NEFH conserved regions D, F, D1, K, B, C and E. Also disclosed are uses of the promoter for directing expression to retinal ganglion cells and uses for the treatment of ocular diseases.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 48/00 - Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseasesGene therapy
• C12N 5/079 - Neural cells
• C12N 15/85 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells

Abstract

The present invention is directed to improved microbial antigen vaccines, pharmaceutical compositions, immunogenic compositions and antibodies and their use in the treatment of microbial infections, particularly those of bacterial origin, including Staphylococcal origin. Ideally, the present invention is directed to a recombinant staphylococcal MSCRAMM or MSCRAMM-like proteins, or fragment thereof, with reduced binding to its host ligand, for use in therapy.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/31 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F) from Staphylococcus (G)
• C07K 16/12 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from bacteria
• A61K 39/085 - Staphylococcus
• A61K 38/00 - Medicinal preparations containing peptides
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical device for imaging and measuring characteristics of an objects surface shape, surface spectral reflectance and structure of sub-surface layers. In particular, the invention relates to imaging of topography of human skin and skin sub-surface layers and determination of concentration of skin constituents. The present invention has applications in areas such as skin care, dermatology, cosmetics, wound management and tricology. The imaging device of the invention significantly improves photometric stereo measurements by suppressing specular reflection and allows accurate determination of the surface shape. Consequently the device allows elimination of the influence of the shape and illumination conditions on spectral measurements and allows accurate measurement of skin constituents.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
• G06T 7/00 - Image analysis
• G06K 9/62 - Methods or arrangements for recognition using electronic means
• A61B 5/145 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value
• G06T 7/586 - Depth or shape recovery from multiple images from multiple light sources, e.g. photometric stereo

Abstract

Disclosed herein are embodiments of methods and systems for attenuating artifacts in single channel cochlear implants. Both high and low frequency artifacts can be attenuating using embodiments of the disclosed methods and systems. In some embodiments, low-pass filters, impedance balancing, and DC artifact estimation can be used, alone or in combination, to attenuate or completely remove artifacts in single channel cochlear implants.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/00 - ElectrotherapyCircuits therefor
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
• H04R 25/00 - Deaf-aid sets

Abstract

The present invention is directed to improved microbial antigen vaccines, pharmaceutical compositions, immunogenic compositions and antibodies and their use in the treatment of microbial infections, particularly those of bacterial origin, including Staphylococcal origin. Ideally, the present invention is directed to a recombinant staphylococcal MSCRAMM or MSCRAMM-like proteins, or fragment thereof, with reduced binding to its host ligand, for use in therapy.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
• A61K 39/02 - Bacterial antigens
• A61K 39/38 - Antigens from snakes
• A61K 39/085 - Staphylococcus
• C07K 14/31 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F) from Staphylococcus (G)
• A61K 38/00 - Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Abstract

Disclosed herein are embodiments of methods and systems for attenuating artifacts in single channel cochlear implants. Both high and low frequency artifacts can be attenuating using embodiments of the disclosed methods and systems. In some embodiments, low-pass filters, impedance balancing, and DC artifact estimation can be used, alone or in combination, to attenuate or completely remove artifacts in single channel cochlear implants.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61F 11/04 - Methods or devices for enabling ear patients to achieve auditory perception through physiological senses other than hearing sense, e.g. through the touch sense
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to systems and methods for a closed-loop cochlear implant. The closed-loop cochlear implant can use at least one extra-cochlear electrode for monitoring auditory evoked potentials from the peripheral and central auditory pathway and stimulating to optimize speech processing. The closed-loop cochlear implant can further use at least one intra-cochlear electrode to stimulate the auditory nerve. Additionally, in some embodiments, the closed-loop cochlear implant can be used to monitor biosignals, such as EMG and ECG.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/00 - ElectrotherapyCircuits therefor

Abstract

The invention relates to gene suppression and replacement. In particular, the invention relates to enhanced expression of suppression agents for suppressing gene expression in a cell and in vivo and replacement nucleic acids that are not inhibited by the suppression agent. Regulatory elements are included in expression vectors to optimize expression of the suppression agent and/or replacement nucleic acid.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/00 - Mutation or genetic engineeringDNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purificationUse of hosts therefor
• C12N 5/00 - Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell linesTissuesCultivation or maintenance thereofCulture media therefor

Abstract

An improved method and a system are disclosed for recovering a three-dimensional (3D) scene structure from a plurality of two-dimensional (2D) image frames obtained from imaging means. Sets of 2D features are extracted from the image frames, and sets corresponding to successive image frames are matched, such that at least one pair of matched 2D features refers to a same 3D point in a 3D scene captured in 2D in the image frames. A 3D ray is generated by back-projection from each 2D feature, and the generated 3D rays are subjected to an anchor-based minimization process, for determining camera motion parameters and 3D scene points coordinates, thereby recovering a structure of the 3D scene.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 7/00 - Image analysis

Abstract

In a first aspect, the invention provides a polymeric nanoparticle comprising at least one polycationic polymer; at least one polyanionic polymer; and a therapeutically effective amount of at least one therapeutic agent. In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for the preparation of a polymeric nanoparticle according to the first aspect; the method comprising the steps of: (i) admixing the at least one polyanionic polymer with the at least one therapeutic agent; and (ii) introducing to the mixture of (i), to the at least one polycationic polymer. In a third aspect, the invention provides a polymeric nanoparticle according to the first aspect of the present invention, or a polymeric nanoparticle prepared according to the second aspect of the present invention; for use in the treatment of an inflammatory and/or arthritic disorder caused by or associated with dysfunctional nuclear receptor signalling.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 9/51 - Nanocapsules
• A61K 35/00 - Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution

Abstract

The invention provides aspiration efficiency reducing device comprising a ventilation inlet for receiving airflow, an airflow diversion means, and a directional means, characterised in that the directional means is adapted such that the ventilation inlet is facing substantially opposite the direction of airflow. The device operates by manipulating the fluid physics and the forces of inertia and gravity on particles (i.e. factors which affect AE) to minimise the amount of particulate air pollutants entering through it, without any filters, motorised parts, energy input or consumable requirements, in a simple effective solution to reduce air pollution exposure in an enclosed area.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24F 7/02 - Roof ventilation

Abstract

The invention relates to a sensor device comprising a first layer of graphene providing an interface; and a second layer of at least one bio-compatible component, wherein the first layer is functionalised by anchoring of the at least one bio-compatible component of the second layer to the first layer, and wherein a mediation layer is adapted to integrate between the first layer and second layer and wherein the first layer is sensitive to electrolyte and/or gas concentrations.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/414 - Ion-sensitive or chemical field-effect transistors, i.e. ISFETS or CHEMFETS
• G01N 33/543 - ImmunoassayBiospecific binding assayMaterials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals

Abstract

The invention provides a system of agents for use in an Urban Traffic Control environment, each agent representing a traffic light controller at a traffic junction to control traffic flow, said system comprising each agent is adapted to collect data local to the junction using one or more sensors and applying a Distributed W-Learning model to said collected data; each agent comprises means for mapping locally collected data to one of the system state representations available to determine action values; each agent is adapted to determine a current importance value of an action value using a Distributed W-Learning model. The main operational advantage of the system of the invention is that it utilizes machine learning to learn appropriate behaviours for a variety of traffic conditions, in a fully decentralized distributed self-organizing approach capable of addressing multiple performance policies on multiple agents, where data collection and analysis is performed by the junctions or intersections locally.

IPC Classes  ?

• G08G 1/07 - Controlling traffic signals

Abstract

The present invention provides a method of producing well defined crystalline nano-wires without complicated multistep manipulation at relatively low temperature. Facile formation of NW materials, particularly metals with a controlled diameter, length and placement. In one embodiment the invention provides a method of growing nano-wires comprising the steps of depositing a first layer of material and a second layer of material on a substrate; annealing said layers at a temperature to allow formation of a composition and subsequently a liquid droplet, at an interface between the first and second layers; and growing nano-wires from said liquid droplet in said interface.

IPC Classes  ?

• C30B 11/12 - Vaporous components, e.g. vapour-liquid-solid-growth
• C30B 29/02 - Elements
• C30B 29/60 - Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape characterised by shape
• C30B 29/06 - Silicon

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of increasing the bioavailability of a peptide. The method includes altering the lipophilicity of a peptide by the creation of fatty acid peptide salts of the peptide. The fatty acid peptide salts exhibit increased transdermal and transmucosal permeability.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/04 - Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequenceDerivatives thereof
• A61K 47/12 - Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form

Abstract

The invention provides a system and process of patterning structures on a carbon based surface comprising exposing part of the surface to an ion flux, such that material properties of the exposed surface are modified to provide a hard mask effect on the surface. A further step of etching unexposed parts of the surface forms the structures on the surface. The inventors have discovered that by controlling the ion exposure, alteration of the surface structure at the top surface provides a mask pattern, without substantially removing any material from the exposed surface. The mask allows for subsequent ion etching of unexposed areas of the surface leaving the exposed areas raised relative to the unexposed areas thus manufacturing patterns onto the surface. For example, a Ga+ focussed ion beam exposes a pattern onto a diamond surface which produces such a pattern after its exposure to a plasma etch. The invention is particularly suitable for patterning of clear well-defined structures down to nano-scale dimensions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C03C 15/00 - Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching

Abstract

Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Although many advances have been made in the treatment and management of the disease, the existence of chemotherapy-resistance means there is still a great need to develop new strategies and drugs for its treatment. Provided herein are synthetic derivatives of combretastatin A-4, in particular those in which the aromatic rings are locked into a non-isomerisable active conformation, thus resulting in improved, stable compounds. The novel compounds are structurally related to combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) and lock the rings into the known active conformation by means of a four membered nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring, such as a beta-lactam ring, incorporated into the standard CA-4 structure. The compounds exhibit potent anti-cancer activity.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 205/08 - Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 2, e.g. beta-lactams
• C07D 409/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond
• A61K 31/397 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having four-membered rings, e.g. azetidine
• A61K 31/381 - Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom having five-membered rings
• A61P 35/00 - Antineoplastic agents

Abstract

Whilst methodologies for the Kinetic Resolution of alcohols are well established, no analogous direct methods exist for the highly selective, direct catalytic Kinetic Resolution of thiols (i.e., R-SH). The present invention relates to a method for resolving stereoisomeric mixtures of thiols. In particular, the present invention relates to purely organocatalytic mediated resolution of enantiomeric mixtures of thiols without the need for enzymes. Also disclosed are some novel catalysts. Such catalysts may comprise a cinchona alkaloid-derived moiety.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07B 53/00 - Asymmetric syntheses
• C07B 57/00 - Separation of optically-active organic compounds
• C07C 227/32 - Preparation of optical isomers by stereospecific synthesis
• C07C 229/08 - Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to hydrogen atoms
• C07C 231/18 - Preparation of optical isomers by stereospecific synthesis
• C07C 233/05 - Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
• C07C 319/02 - Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of thiols
• C07C 319/12 - Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of thiols by reactions not involving the formation of mercapto groups
• C07C 321/10 - Thiols having mercapto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton containing rings
• C07C 323/07 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and halogen atoms, or nitro or nitroso groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having sulfur atoms of thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings
• C07C 323/16 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings
• C07C 327/22 - Esters of monothiocarboxylic acids having carbon atoms of esterified thiocarboxyl groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
• C07C 327/28 - Esters of monothiocarboxylic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified thiocarboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of hydrocarbon radicals substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
• C07D 453/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids containing not further condensed quinuclidine ring systems having a quinolyl-4, a substituted quinolyl-4 or a alkylenedioxy-quinolyl-4 radical linked through only one carbon atom, attached in position 2, e.g. quinine

Abstract

An embodiment provides for the ad-hoc configuration of femtocells (104) using spectrum sensing for the selection of spectrum channels. In this embodiment, frequency bands that are not reserved by macrocells in a location (130) are determined (302), and spectrum sensing (206-220) is performed to determine communication channels (306) in unreserved frequency bands that are being used by other femtocells in range. In this manner, femtocells can be deployed and configured in an ad-hoc manner without external coordination or control between deployed femtocells.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 16/14 - Spectrum sharing arrangements
• H04W 16/16 - Spectrum sharing arrangements for PBS [Private Base Station] arrangements
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

A method for producing an array of cavities (2) in a polymer film (1) comprises preparing a polymer/solvent solution and drop casting a thin film (6) of the solution on a substrate. The film solution (6) is subjected to three gas flows. An initial gas flow of a relatively low relative humidity is passed over the film solution (6) to evaporate solvent from the polymer/solvent solution (6) to reduce the surface temperature of the film solution (6) below the dew point temperature of the next gas flow, namely, an intermediate gas flow. The intermediate gas flow of relatively high relative humidity forms droplets on the surface of the film solution (6) which grow into the film solution to form the cavities (2) therein. A final gas flow evaporates droplets from the formed cavities (6) as well as further solvent from the film solution (6), but maintains the level of solvent in the film solution (6) at a level, when the droplets have been evaporated to the extent that they no longer influence the formation of the cavities (2), so that the glass transition temperature of the polymer/film solution adjacent the cavities (2) is below the temperature of the film solution (6) in order to permit local polymer flow adjacent the cavities (2) to determine the final shape of the cavities (2).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
• G02B 6/122 - Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a method and use of RNA interference (RNAi) for the transient, reversible and controlled opening of the tight junctions of the blood brain barrier and/or the blood retinal barrier. This method may be used in the treatment of many diseases and disorders which require the opening of the blood brain barrier and/or blood retinal barrier. Such methods generally involve the use of an RNAi-inducing agent, such as siRNA, miRNA, shRNA or an RNAi-inducing vector whose presence within a cell results in production of an siRNA or shRNA, targeting tight junction proteins to open the blood brain barrier and/or blood retinal barrier.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/11 - DNA or RNA fragmentsModified forms thereof
• C12N 15/113 - Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides
• C07H 21/04 - Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with deoxyribosyl as saccharide radical

Abstract

ring is a 5-membered aromatic or nonaromatic 5-member ring having at least one heteroatom substituted for a carbon of the ring system, which can be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one nitric oxide releasing group.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/4406 - Non-condensed pyridinesHydrogenated derivatives thereof only substituted in position 3, e.g. zimeldine
• C07D 405/12 - Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Abstract

The present invention is directed to improved microbial antigen vaccines, pharmaceutical compositions, immunogenic compositions and antibodies and their use in the treatment of microbial infections, particularly those of bacterial origin, including Staphylococcal origin. Ideally, the present invention is directed to a recombinant staphylococcal MSCRAMM or MSCRAMM-like proteins, or fragment thereof, with reduced binding to its host ligand, for use in therapy.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/085 - Staphylococcus
• C07K 14/31 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F) from Staphylococcus (G)

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a method for improving gene expression in a host cell comprising a modified protein encoding nucleic acid comprising the steps of assessing the A and T nucleotide content and/or the intrinsic curvature of a wild type protein encoding nucleic acid or mutant thereof, preparing an altered protein encoding nucleic acid with modified A and T nucleotide content and using the altered protein encoding nucleic acid in host cell gene expression systems. The present invention is also directed to the modified nucleic acid sequence, protein, plasmid vector, expression system comprising the altered protein encoding nucleic acid.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/435 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans
• C12N 15/67 - General methods for enhancing the expression

Abstract

An inflatable device (1) for use within the vasculature of a body and having an expandable annular body (Ia) which is expandable by inflation of a series of inflation lumen (2) defined therein, the device having inflated (b) and non-inflated (a) states and inner (3) and outer (4) annular walls, the device being adapted so that inflationary pressure within the lumen moves the device from the non-inflated state toward the inflated state by radially outward expansion of both the outer and inner walls so that the annular body expands to form an annular structure with a central lumen defined by the inner wall (3). Non-compliant or semi-compliant balloons (36) are provided in the inflation lumen (2). The device may be employed as an embolic filter or an introducer catheter.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61F 2/01 - Filters implantable into blood vessels
• A61M 29/02 - Inflatable dilatorsDilators made of swellable materials
• A61F 2/00 - Filters implantable into blood vesselsProstheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the bodyAppliances for connecting them with the bodyDevices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
• A61F 2/02 - Prostheses implantable into the body
• A61F 2/07 - Stent-grafts

Abstract

A process for synthesising silver nanoplates comprising the steps of forming silver seeds from an aqueous solution comprising a reducing agent, a stabilising agent, a water soluble polymer and a silver source and growing the thus formed seeds into silver nanoplates in an aqueous solution comprising silver seeds, a reducing agent, a silver source. One or both of the steps are performed at a shear flow rate between about 1x101 s-1 and about 9.9x105 s-1.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/543 - ImmunoassayBiospecific binding assayMaterials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
• C30B 29/60 - Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape characterised by shape
• B22F 9/24 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
• B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties

Abstract

The invention provides a method of making a nano-carbon structure comprising providing a first layer of nano-carbon particles; depositing a second layer of resin on said layer of nano-carbon particles; and annealing said first and second layers to provide a carbon composite nanostructure. The nano-carbon composites obtained according to the invention make excellent (transparent) electrical contact to Carbon Nanotubes resulting in high temperature, stable, chemical.inert, flexible and bio-compatible structures.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08J 5/00 - Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical device for imaging and measuring characteristics of an objects surface shape, surface spectral reflectance and structure of sub-surface layers. In particular, the invention relates to imaging of topography of human skin and skin sub-surface layers and determination of concentration of skin constituents. The present invention has applications in areas such as skin care, dermatology, cosmetics, wound management and tricology. The imaging device of the invention significantly improves photometric stereo measurements by suppressing specular reflection and allows accurate determination of the surface shape. Consequently the device allows elimination of the influence of the shape and illumination conditions on spectral measurements and allows accurate measurement of skin constituents.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/103 - Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
• G06T 11/00 - 2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
• G06T 7/00 - Image analysis

Abstract

A device (1) for housing a scientific sample comprising at least one sample well (2) and an on-board buffering substance (3) wherein the onboard buffering substance (3) at least partly surrounds the sample well (2). The on-board buffering substance (3) may be in the form of a matrix, such as a gel-like matrix. The device (1) may further comprise an insulating means. Also described is a substance for use in culturing and/or assaying a sample whereby the substance provides atmospheric and thermal buffering. The invention further provides a lid for a single-well or multi-well sample plate, the lid being configured to facilitate delivery of a sample through the lid into a well, and for sealing the well. The lid comprises moveable portions (52, 53) that have at least one orifice (54, 57) formed through the moveable portions (52, 53) such that a conduit is formed by alignment of the orifices (54, 57) of both the lid portions (52, 53).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
• G01N 31/00 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods
• C40B 60/00 - Apparatus specially adapted for use in combinatorial chemistry or with libraries
• C12M 1/18 - Multiple fields or compartments

Abstract

(S)-(+)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methyl-hexanoic acid or (S)-pregabalin is an anticonvulsive drug. In addition to its use as an anticonvulsive agent, pregabalin has also been indicated as a medicament in the treatment of anxiety, neuropathic pain and pain in patients with fibromyalgia. Provided herein are thioester intermediates in the synthesis of and processes for the synthesis of 3-(aminomethyl)-5-methyl-hexanoic acid in the (R) or (S) configuration.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 327/22 - Esters of monothiocarboxylic acids having carbon atoms of esterified thiocarboxyl groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
• C07C 67/08 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
• C07C 69/42 - Glutaric acid esters
• C07C 231/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
• C07C 233/05 - Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
• C07C 209/58 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by rearrangement reactions from or via amides
• C07C 229/08 - Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to hydrogen atoms

Abstract

The invention relates to gene suppression and replacement. In particular, the invention relates to enhanced expression of suppression agents for suppressing gene expression in a cell and in vivo and replacement nucleic acids that are not inhibited by the suppression agent. Regulatory elements are included in expression vectors to optimize expression of the suppression agent and/or replacement nucleic acid.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/00 - Mutation or genetic engineeringDNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purificationUse of hosts therefor
• C12N 5/00 - Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell linesTissuesCultivation or maintenance thereofCulture media therefor

Abstract

Provided herein are compounds of formula (I) as well as compounds of formula (I) which are prodrugs in which the (R7)a-phenyl-S(O)2NH group represents a sulphonamide-bond compound, compositions and methods for preventing or treating gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer, wherein the method comprises delivering an effective amount of a COX-2 or a similar sulphonamide inhibitor as a prodrug or a derivative thereof to the colon, wherein the COX-2 or similar inhibitor is released in vivo.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 311/51 - Y being a hydrogen or a carbon atom
• C07D 231/12 - Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
• A61K 31/18 - Sulfonamides
• A61K 31/415 - 1,2-Diazoles
• A61P 29/00 - Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agentsNon-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• A61P 35/00 - Antineoplastic agents

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of a certain subset of cytokine markers as prognostic variables of infection status in an individual, and especially as prognostic markers of a patients developing severe infection such as pneumonia, and respiratory tract infection following surgery. The subset of cytokine markers consists of the interleukin cytokines IL-2, IL-7, IL-23, IL-27, and IL-IO, and Interferon-γ (INFγ) and Tissue Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα). The markers may be employed as individual prognostic variables of infection status, or they may be used in pairs or other combinations. Generally, the abundance of the markers is correlated with infection status by means of an absolute pre-operative value of biomarker abundance, ratio's of pre-operative to post-operative biomarker abundance, or ratio values for pairs of certain biomarkers within the subset. Typically, cytokine abundance is expressed in terms of mRNA copy number wherein the copy numbers are ideally normalised to a house keeping gene and quantification of mRNA copy number is determined by RT-PCR containing reference serial dilutions of cytokine specific cDNA.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/68 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganismsCompositions thereforProcesses of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids

Abstract

The invention provides an energy accumulation system and method comprising at least one reservoir, for storing sea water, elevated above sea level and located in the vicinity of sea shore. At least one turbine is located in the vicinity of the sea level and substantially below the level of at least one of said reservoirs, said turbine being connected to at least one power generator. At least one conduit connecting said at least one reservoir to said turbine, wherein the downward flow of sea water from the reservoir through the at least one conduit serves to engage with and rotate said turbine and generator for the purpose of generating electrical power. The invention also describes novel methods to prevent seawater corrosion and build up of marine organisms in the energy accumulation system. The system can be fully or partially energised by the energy from intermittent renewable sources such as wind.

IPC Classes  ?

• F03B 13/06 - Stations or aggregates of water-storage type

Abstract

A method of estimating sepsis risk in an individual with infection comprises a step of assaying a biological sample from the individual for an IL-2 or IL-7 mRNA value, and correlating the mRNA value with sepsis risk. The IL-2 and IL-7 mRNA values are quantified by absolute quantification of mRNA copy number, wherein the copy numbers are normalised to a house keeping gene and corrected against a calibration curve for serial dilutions of the IL-2 and IL-7 cDNA. The method generally involves a step of assaying a biological sample from the individual for IL-2 and/or IL-7 mRNA values, optionally in combination with mRNA values for other cytokines, and correlating a sum or difference of the values with sepsis risk using a regression analysis curve against outcome.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/68 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganismsCompositions thereforProcesses of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids

Abstract

A heat exchanger unit (110) for a heating system comprises a manifold (111) having a fluid inlet (112) for connection to a fluid conduit of the heating system and a fluid outlet (113), the manifold defining a flow path (140) for fluid between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. The manifold has an outer wall with a plurality of apertures (119). A plurality of heat pipes (120) is sealingly mounted in a respective aperture (119) of the wall of the manifold (111). Each heat pipe (120) comprises a body having an outer sleeve. A major part of the heat pipe (120) extends outwardly from the manifold (111) and one end of the heat pipe is positioned in the flow path of the manifold, such that there is direct contact between the outer sleeve of the heat pipe (120) and fluid in the flow path.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28D 1/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
• F28D 15/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes
• F28F 1/32 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements

Abstract

The invention provides a method for treating or preventing preterm labor in pregnant female subjects. The method comprises the step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of a Toll-like Receptor 9 antagonist sufficient to prevent the activation of Toll-like Receptor 9 by fetal DNA. The invention further provides compositions comprising a Toll-like Receptor 9 antagonist for use in the methods of the invention. Said compositions and methods enhance gestation and therefore improve neonatal morbidity and mortality.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/47 - QuinolinesIsoquinolines
• A61K 38/17 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans
• A61P 29/00 - Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agentsNon-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Abstract

The present invention relates to classical pathway complement proteins and their use in the prognosis and prevention of diseases involving cone photoreceptor degeneration. Specifically, the present invention is directed to the use of one or more classical pathway complement proteins, preferably involved in the recognition phase, in the maintenance of cone photoreceptor cell viability in a degenerating retina. The invention is also directed to a method for determining the susceptibility, risk of development and/or progression of diseases involving cone photoreceptor degeneration in a subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/17 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a variant of protein C and the corresponding activated protein C and uses thereof. Ideally, the invention relates to a protein C variant which in activated form has reduced sensitivity to membrane lipids which results in reduced or eliminated lipid co-factor enhancement of activated protein C (APC) anticoagulant function and provides a protein C variant with reduced anticoagulant effect and the same or enhanced cytoprotective and/or anti-inflammatory properties relative to wild type protein C. The protein C variant may be used in the treatment of various conditions such as inflammatory conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 9/64 - Proteinases derived from animal tissue, e.g. rennin
• C12N 15/57 - Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
• A61K 38/48 - Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)

Abstract

The invention provides a system and process of patterning structures on a carbon based surface comprising exposing part of the surface to an ion flux, such that material properties of the exposed surface are modified to provide a hard mask effect on the surface. A further step of etching unexposed parts of the surface forms the structures on the surface. The inventors have discovered that by controlling the ion exposure, alteration of the surface structure at the top surface provides a mask pattern, without substantially removing any material from the exposed surface. The mask allows for subsequent ion etching of unexposed areas of the surface leaving the exposed areas raised relative to the unexposed areas thus manufacturing patterns onto the surface. For example, a Ga+ focussed ion beam exposes a pattern onto a diamond surface which produces such a pattern after its exposure to a plasma etch. The invention is particularly suitable for patterning of clear well-defined structures down to nano-scale dimensions.

IPC Classes  ?

• G03F 7/11 - Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
• H01L 21/033 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or comprising inorganic layers

Abstract

A fluid distribution device (1) comprising a reservoir (8); a pair of buckets (2), and a plurality of outlet pipes (6) for receiving the fluid discharged into the reservoir (8). Each bucket (2) is pivotable under gravity between a first receiving position in which it can receive fluid and a second discharge position in which it can release fluid contained therein into the reservoir (8). The buckets (2) are arranged such that when one bucket is located in the first receiving position, the other bucket is located in the second discharge position. The outlet pipes (6) are divided into two groups of equal number. located at opposite sides of the reservoir (8), and each group is arranged to receive the fluid from one of the buckets (2) when in the discharge position. Each outlet pipe (6) in a group receives an equal portion of the discharged fluid from its associated bucket. This may be achieved by fluid directing means.

IPC Classes  ?

• E03F 1/00 - Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
• E03B 1/04 - Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply

Abstract

A method of predicting electromagnetic signal strength into the future between a mobile device and a base station is described. A processor of the mobile device monitors the signal strength and executes a signal strength predictor on the basis of a shadowing signal of the electromagnetic signal and on the basis that the shadowing signal is self-correlated. The signal strength predictor is executed without using topological data. A dynamic decision is made between optimal and sub-optimal signal strength predictors, the sub-optimal predictors being faster to execute. Factors such as predictive accuracy requirements and whether the network is infrastructure-based or is infrastructureless are taken into account in the decision. The processor executes the signal strength predictor using as inputs current signal strength, speed of at least one device, and autocovariance data of the shadowing signal. The autocovariance data of the shadowing signal may comprises an autocorrelation function governing self-correlation of the shadowing signal or de-correlation time of the shadowing signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 36/30 - Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data

Abstract

A stent delivery balloon (1) is used to deploy a plurality of mini-stents (5) into a bodily lumen at a controlled spacing. The balloon (1) has formations (3) for retaining the stents in a designed position. The formations may comprise ridges (3). or retractable bridging elements, on the surface of the balloon (1) to control both the expansion of the multiple stents (5) from a single balloon (1) and also the coverage of the vessel wall following stenting.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61F 2/82 - Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents

Abstract

A method for detecting outlines of buildings from aerially acquired data comprising a plurality of points, each comprising an (x, y, z)-tuple, comprises defining a reference plane, dividing the reference plane into an array of bins and mapping each point of the laser data to a bin of the reference plane. A discrimination function is applied to each bin to provide a scalar value. Outlines of buildings and portions of buildings ar then determined from the scalar values. Specific discrimination functions are also described including ones that enable transformation of the data into a format compatible with computation modeling software.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 7/00 - Image analysis

Abstract

An endoscopy system (1) comprises an endoscope (2) with a camera (3) at its tip. The endoscope extends through an endoscope guide (4) for guiding movement of the endoscope and for measurement of its movement as it enters the body. The guide (4) comprises a generally conical body (5) having a through passage (105) through which the endoscope (2) extends. A motion sensor comprises an optical transmitter (7) and a detector (8) mounted alongside the passage (105) to measure the insertion- withdrawal linear motion and also rotation of the endoscope by the endoscopist's hand. The system (1) also comprises a flexure controller (10) having wheels operated by the endoscopist. The camera (3), the motion sensor (7/8), and the flexure controller (10) are all connected to a processor (11) which feeds a display.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 1/005 - Flexible endoscopes

Abstract

The present invention is directed to improved microbial antigen vaccines, pharmaceutical compositions, immuno-genic compositions and antibodies and their use in the treatment of microbial infections, particularly those of bacterial origin, includ-ing Staphylococcal origin. Ideally, the present invention is directed to a recombinant staphylococcal MSCRAMM or MSCRAMM- like proteins, or fragment thereof, with reduced binding to its host ligand, for use in therapy.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/16 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof
• A61K 39/085 - Staphylococcus
• A61K 39/395 - AntibodiesImmunoglobulinsImmune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
• A61P 31/04 - Antibacterial agents
• A61P 37/04 - Immunostimulants
• C07K 14/31 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F) from Staphylococcus (G)
• C07K 14/75 - Fibrinogen
• C07K 16/12 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from bacteria
• C12N 15/31 - Genes encoding microbial proteins, e.g. enterotoxins

Abstract

The present invention is directed to improved microbial antigen vaccines, pharmaceutical compositions, immunogenic compositions and antibodies and their use in the treatment of microbial infections, particularly those of bacterial origin, including Staphylococcal origin. Ideally, the present invention is directed to a recombinant staphylococcal MSCRAMM or MSCRAMM-like proteins, or fragment thereof, with reduced binding to its host ligand, for use in therapy.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/16 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof
• C07K 14/31 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F) from Staphylococcus (G)

Abstract

The adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors are a family of G-protein coupled receptors split into α and β subclasses. The adrenoceptors have important roles in regulating a myriad of physiological conditions and their malfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of anumber of diseases. Disclosed herein are a series of novel guanidine and 2-aminoimidazoline compounds which are ligands of the alpha2- adrenoceptor (α2-ARs) subclass of adrenergic receptors. The invention also provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising the novel compounds. The compounds are suitable for use in the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of α2-ARs associated disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, glaucoma and analgesia.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 279/18 - Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• C07D 233/88 - Nitrogen atoms, e.g. allantoin
• A61K 31/155 - Amidines (), e.g. guanidine (H2N—C(=NH)—NH2), isourea (HN=C(OH)NH2), isothiourea (HN=C(SH)—NH2)
• A61K 31/4168 - 1,3-Diazoles having a nitrogen atom attached in position 2, e.g. clonidine
• A61P 25/24 - Antidepressants
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives
• A61P 27/06 - Antiglaucoma agents or miotics

Abstract

Aspirin is one of the most widely used drugs in the treatmentof inflammation, pain and fever. It has more recently found applicationin the prevention of heart attacks and stroke and is being studied as a cancer chemopreventative agent. Despite its value aspirin continues to be underutilized because it causes gastric bleeding. The technology under development potentially removes this problem. It is designed to reduce contact between the drug and the intestinal lining. An isosorbide aspirinate prodrug compound is thus provided. The compound has the general structure as shown in general formula (I) wherein Y is a C1-C8 alkyl ester, a C1-C8 alkoxy ester, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl ester, an arylester, a C1-C8 alkylaryl ester or -C(O)OR ring, wherein Ring is a 5-membered aromatic or nonaromatic 5-member ring having at least one heteroatom substituted for a carbon of the ring system, which can be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one nitric oxide releasing group.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/34 - Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
• A61P 29/00 - Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agentsNon-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• C07D 493/04 - Ortho-condensed systems

Abstract

A process for producing nanoparticles comprises the steps of preparing silver seeds in the presence of a water soluble polyanionic polymer and growing the silver seeds to form nanoparticles. The polyanionic polymer may be poly (sodium styrenesulphonate).

IPC Classes  ?

• B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
• B22F 9/24 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions

Abstract

Aspirin is one of the most widely used drugs in the treatment of inflammation, pain and fever. It has more recently found application in the prevention of heart attacks and stroke and is being studied as a cancer chemopreventative agent. Despite its value aspirin continues to be underutilized because it causes gastric bleeding. The technology under development potentially removes this problem. It is designed to reduce contact between the drug and the intestinal lining. An isosorbide aspirinate prodrug compound is thus provided. The compound has the general structure as shown in general formula (I) wherein Y is a C1 - C8 alkyl ester, a C1 - C8 alkoxy ester, a C3 - C10 cycloalkyl ester, an arylester, a C1 - C8 alkylaryl ester or -C(O)ORring, wherein Rring is a 5-membered aromatic or nonaromatic 5-member ring having at least one heteroatom substituted for a carbon of the ring system, which can be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one nitric oxide releasing group.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 493/04 - Ortho-condensed systems
• A61K 31/34 - Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
• A61P 29/00 - Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agentsNon-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Abstract

A method for producing elongated cylindrical micro-pores (2) in a polymer film (1) comprises drop-casting a thin film (22) of a low polymer concentration solvent solution comprising approximately 3.5% by mass polymer and 96.5% by mass solvent on a planar horizontal upwardly facing surface (20) of a substrate (18) in an elongated chamber (17). A first gas flow of nitrogen gas of relative humidity of 2% to 5% is passed through the chamber (17) over a gas/film interface surface (55) of the film solution (22) for approximately 45 seconds to initially accelerate solvent evaporation from the film solution (22) in order to establish a polymer concentration gradient which extends into the film solution (22) from the gas/film interface surface (55) with the polymer concentration highest at the gas/film interface surface (55). A second gas flow of nitrogen gas of relative humidity of approximately 85% is then passed over the gas/film interface surface (55) until all the solvent has been evaporated. Water condensing on the gas/film interface surface (55) from the second humid gas flow forms water droplets, which grow and sink into the film solution (22). The second gas flow controls the downward rate of growth of the polymer concentration gradient into the film solution (22) so that it is matched with the downward rate of growth of the water droplets. This stabilises the water droplets, thereby resulting in the formation of the cylindrical pores (2).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
• G02B 6/122 - Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths

Abstract

A luminal prosthesis comprises a plurality of axially arranged radially expandable stent segments 22,23 having coupling parts 20.21 for coupling of the segments 22,23. The segments 22,23 are movable between a collapsed delivery configuration in which the coupling parts 20,21 of the segments are interengaged and a deployed configuration in which the coupling parts 20,21 are disengaged. The stent segments 22,23 have means to delay the disengagement of the coupling parts 20,21 until the stent segments are close to the deployed configuration. A female coupling part 20 comprises an axially extending passageway having an entrance 30 to receive a corresponding axially extending male part 21 of an adjacent stent segment. The delay means may comprise first mating parts 40,41 and second mating parts 50,51 which are axially spaced-apart along the passageway. The second mating parts 50,51 may be located at an end of the passageway remote from the entrance to delay separation. The prosthesis may include link elements 70 to compensate for foreshortening. [Fig. 25]

IPC Classes  ?

• A61F 2/82 - Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a method and use of RNA interference (RNAi) for the transient, reversible and controlled opening of the tight junctions of the blood brain barrier and/or the blood retinal barrier. This method may be used in the treatment of many diseases and disorders which require the opening of the blood brain barrier and/or blood retinal barrier. Such methods generally involve the use of an RNAi-inducing agent, such as siRNA, miRNA, shRNA or an RNAi-inducing vector whose presence within a cell results in production of an siRNA or shRNA, targeting tight junction proteins to open the blood brain barrier and/or blood retinal barrier.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/11 - DNA or RNA fragmentsModified forms thereof

Abstract

An improved process for synthesising discrete high definition silver nanoparticles in large batch volumes. The method enables the reproducible production of silver.nanoparticles having a predetermined size, shape and surface chemistry. The process comprises the steps of forming silver seeds from a reagent comprising, a silver source and a reducing agent; and growing the thus formed silver seeds into silver nanoparticles wherein the step forming silver seeds and/or growing the silver seeds into silver nanoparticles is performed using ' micro fluidic flow chemistry.

IPC Classes  ?

• B22F 9/24 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions

Abstract

The invention involves pre-processing the matrix according to an encoding scheme whereby the non-zero data (in any numerical format), blocking information, the row an column offset indices within a block are represented by state machine control words which are combined in a single data stream. Thus, a single vector may be used to store all of the matrix information required to compute a sparse matrix by vector multiplication. Therefore, the system can be used effectively with a single memory channel. Also, it can be used in parallel with multiple independent memory channels. This method of matrix-by-vector multiplication achieves allows very high FPU utilization to be achieved for low bandwidth matrices such as those from finite element calculations. Also, it allows local memory buffers to be simple, and so there is no need for a complex cache architecture.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 17/16 - Matrix or vector computation

Abstract

Provided herein are compounds, compositions and methods for decreasing NFkB DNA-binding activity in a patient comprising administering of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound or composition of the application to the patient to reduce, alleviate or treat various gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 245/08 - Azo compounds, i.e. compounds having the free valencies of —N=N— groups attached to different atoms, e.g. diazohydroxides with nitrogen atoms of azo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with the two nitrogen atoms of azo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings, e.g. azobenzene
• C07J 9/00 - Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane
• A61K 31/575 - Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systemsDerivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of three or more carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, ergosterol, sitosterol
• A61P 1/12 - Antidiarrhoeals

Abstract

Products for altering IL-33 activity including antibodies that specifically bind to an epitope with the polypeptide sequence of IL-33 such as antibodies that specifically bind to a protease cleavage region of IL-33 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 17, or SEQ ID NO. 16, or SEQ ID NO. 10; isolated IL-33 polypeptide(s); and compositions comprising a soluble IL-33 receptor linked to an enzyme capable of cleaving IL-33 or an antibody that binds to IL-33 linked to an enzyme capable of cleaving IL-33. The invention also relates to methods of altering IL-33 activity using the products described herein.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/54 - Interleukins [IL]
• C07K 14/715 - ReceptorsCell surface antigensCell surface determinants for cytokinesReceptorsCell surface antigensCell surface determinants for lymphokinesReceptorsCell surface antigensCell surface determinants for interferons
• C07K 16/24 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against cytokines, lymphokines or interferons
• C12N 9/64 - Proteinases derived from animal tissue, e.g. rennin
• A61K 39/395 - AntibodiesImmunoglobulinsImmune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
• A61K 38/20 - Interleukins
• A61P 31/00 - Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
• A61P 35/00 - Antineoplastic agents
• A61P 37/00 - Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders

Abstract

The invention relates to gene suppression and replacement. In particular, the invention relates to enhanced expression of suppression agents for suppressing gene expression in a cell and in vivo and replacement nucleic acids that are not inhibited by the suppression agent. Regulatory elements are included in expression vectors to optimize expression of the suppression agent and/or replacement nucleic acid.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/11 - DNA or RNA fragmentsModified forms thereof
• A61K 48/00 - Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseasesGene therapy
• A01K 67/027 - New or modified breeds of vertebrates
• A61K 31/711 - Natural deoxyribonucleic acids, i.e. containing only 2'-deoxyriboses attached to adenine, guanine, cytosine or thymine and having 3'-5' phosphodiester links
• C12N 15/864 - Parvoviral vectors
• A61K 31/7105 - Natural ribonucleic acids, i.e. containing only riboses attached to adenine, guanine, cytosine or uracil and having 3'-5' phosphodiester links

Abstract

A device (1 ) for housing a scientific sample comprising at least one sample well (2) and an on-board buffering substance (3) wherein the onboard buffering substance (3) at least partly surrounds the sample well (2). The on-board buffering substance (3) may be in the form of a matrix, such as a gel-like matrix. The device (1) may further comprise an insulating means. Also described is a substance for use in culturing and/or assaying a sample whereby the substance provides atmospheric and thermal buffering. The invention further provides a lid for a single-well or multi-well sample plate, the lid being configured to facilitate delivery of a sample through the lid into a well, and for sealing the well. The lid comprises moveable portions (52, 53) that have at least one orifice (54, 57) formed through the moveable portions (52, 53) such that a conduit is formed by alignment of the orifices (54, 57) of both the lid portions (52, 53).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
• C12M 1/20 - Horizontal planar fields

Abstract

The invention provides the use of riboflavin in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of elevated blood pressure in a subject homozygous or heterozygous for the MTHFR C677T polymorphism. The invention also provides a pharmaceutical product for the treatment or prophylaxis of elevated blood pressure in a subject homozygous or heterozygous for the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, comprising a pharmaceutically effective amount of an anti-hypertensive agent and riboflavin, and the invention further provides a method of treatment of such a subject comprising the administration of riboflavin.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/525 - Isoalloxazines, e.g. riboflavins, vitamin B2
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives

Abstract

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) having a thiazolhydrazide scaffold, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one of these compounds together with pharmaceutically acceptable earner, excipient and/or diluents. Said thiazolhydrazide compounds can be used for prophylaxis and/or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 277/50 - Nitrogen atoms bound to hetero atoms
• C07D 417/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond
• A61K 31/427 - Thiazoles not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
• A61P 25/00 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• C07D 417/12 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Abstract

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for use in the treatment of conditions such as septicaemia and septic shock. The invention further provides compositions and methods for the suppression Toll-like Receptor 4 mediated activation of the immune system. The invention further provides screening assays to identify compounds which have utility in the foregoing compositions and methods.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/00 - Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients

Abstract

A laser device (1) comprises a ridge waveguide (2) comprising an upper cladding layer (5) and a lower cladding layer (6), between which is located an active layer (7). A ridge (8) formed in the upper cladding layer (5) defines the lateral width of a light guiding region (9) in the active layer (7). The ridge (8) is formed so that a portion (13) of the light guiding region (9) extends above the active layer (7) into the ridge (8). A plurality of lateral reflecting slots (15) extend laterally across the ridge (8) and extend into the ridge (8) to a depth sufficient to extend into the portion (13) of the light guiding region (9) which extends into the ridge (8) in order that the reflectivity of each lateral slot (15) is in the order of 2 %. The combined reflectivity of the lateral slots (15) is such that the slots (15) intersect more than 20 % of the total mode energy in the light guiding region (9), and this in combination with the gain of the active layer (7) is such as to facilitate lasing within the light guiding region (9) independently of the reflectivity of end facets (18,19) of the waveguide (2). Accordingly, the laser device (1) is particularly suitable for integrally forming with other optical components, for example, an optical modulator or an optical detector on a single semiconductor chip, whereby the laser device and the other optical components are formed in series on the same light guiding region (9).

IPC Classes  ?

• H01S 5/0625 - Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes in multi-section lasers
• H01S 5/10 - Construction or shape of the optical resonator
• H01S 5/026 - Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors or drivers

Abstract

A tunable laser device (1) comprises integrally formed first and second ridge waveguides (5, 6). A longitudinally extending ridge (12) defines first and second light guiding regions (19, 20) of the first and second waveguides (5, 6) which communicate with each other. A plurality of first slots (27) extending laterally in the ridge (12) adjacent the first waveguide (5), and a plurality of second slots (28) extending laterally in the ridge (12) adjacent the second waveguide (6) produce first and second mirror loss spectra of the respective first and second waveguides (5, 6) with minimum peak values at respective first and second wavelength values. The first slots are equi-spaced apart to produce the first mirror loss spectrum, and the second slots (28) are also equi-spaced apart, but the spacing between the second slots (28) is different to the spacing between the first slots (27) so that the rninimum peak values of the second mirror loss spectrum occur at different wavelength values to the wavelength values at which the minimum peak values of the first mirror loss spectrum occur, with the exception of one minimum peak value of each of the first and second mirror loss spectra, which coincide at a common wavelength value. The tunable laser device (1) produces light of that common wavelength value. In order to vary the wavelength value at which the minimum peak value of each of the first and second mirror loss spectra occur, currents with which the first and second waveguides (5, 6) are pumped are independently varied for varying the wavelengths at which the minimum peak values of the respective first and second mirror loss spectra occur, thereby providing Vernier tuning of the tunable laser device for producing light of selectable wavelengths.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01S 5/0625 - Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes in multi-section lasers
• H01S 5/10 - Construction or shape of the optical resonator

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of enhancing a pro-inflammatory immune response through the administration of the DEAD- box protein DDX3, as encoded by SEQ ID NO:1. The invention further extends to a method of suppressing an aberrant immune response, such at that associated with autoimmune conditions, through inhibition of DDX3. The invention also extends to a method of suppressing a pro-inflammatory immune response through the administration of the vaccinia virus protein K7. The invention further extends to the provision of an attenuated poxvirus wherein the K7R gene which encodes for the K7 protein is deleted or rendered non-functional. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising DDX3 inhibitory compounds, such as K7, are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/16 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof
• A61K 38/48 - Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
• A61P 37/02 - Immunomodulators

Abstract

A method for controlling access to a communication network such as a Wi-Fi network includes a user device (1) transmitting a network access request including an access token in at least one field of an authentication exchange. An access control server (4) determines a network access credit corresponding to the token, and allows access by the user device (1) to the network in real time to the extent of the credit. The authentication fields may be username and password fields under the RADIUS protocol. A network access server (2) processes the authentication field without recognising that it contains a token. It passes the network access request to a RADIUS authentication server (3), which in turn routes it to the access control server (4) again without recognising that the authentication fields include tokens. The invention therefore achieves real time network access without need for modification of network access servers or authentication servers.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol

Abstract

The invention relates to compounds that inhibit thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) degrading ectoenzyme and/or enhance, and/or mimic the biological actions of TRH. The compounds find therapeutic application, particularly in conditions involving neuronal cell injury and disturbances in neurobiological function.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/16 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof
• A01N 43/74 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms, as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3

Abstract

A hand washing monitoring system (1) comprising a camera (2), a processor (4), the processor being adapted to receive from the camera images of hand washing activity. The processor analyses mutual motion of hands to determine if the hands mutually move in desired poses, and if so, the durations of the patterns; and generates a hand washing quality indication according to the analysis. The processor extracts information features from the images and generates feature vectors based on the features, including bimanual hand and arm shape vectors, and executes a classifier with the vectors to determine the poses. The processor uses edge segmentation and pixel spatio-temporal measurements to form at least some of the feature vectors.

IPC Classes  ?

• A47K 5/00 - Holders or dispensers for soap, toothpaste, or the like
• G08B 21/24 - Reminder alarms, e.g. anti-loss alarms
• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints

IPC Classes  ?

• G06Q 40/00 - FinanceInsuranceTax strategiesProcessing of corporate or income taxes

Abstract

A process for the preparation of a micro- or nano-sized product comprises preparing a sol, introducing the sol onto a substrate matrix before the gelation point of the sol has been reached, and applying a vacuum. The products of the process have a. diameter of from 1 to 10 micrometers and a controlled length of up to several millimetres, They can be used in detectors of sub-micron objects, including biological pathogens, integrated optics, cavity quantum electrodynamics, nonlinear optics and optical communications, temperature detectors, bio- and chemosensors, microchannels for optically and spectral controlled cell growth, optical mode converters, optical polarization converters, components for microelectrophoresis, light emitters, optical amplifiers and optical elements of quantum cryptographic systems.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 6/02 - Optical fibres with cladding

Abstract

A process for the preparation of modified nanoclay in one case comprises the steps of providing an organoclay, dispersing the organoclay in a solvent or mixture of solvents and/or surfactant, providing nariotubes or nanowires, dispersing the nanotubes or nanowires in a solvent or mixture of solvents and/or surfactant, and mixing the organoclay suspension with the nanotube and/or nanowire suspension. The organoclays modified with nanowires or nanotubes provide nanoadditives, which have enhanced thermal stability and electrical conductivity properties. The nanoadditive may include an inherently conducting polymer such as polyaniline. Also provided are polmyer composites including the nanoadditive.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08K 13/06 - Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups
• C08K 9/04 - Ingredients treated with organic substances
• C08K 7/00 - Use of ingredients characterised by shape

Abstract

The present invention provides compositions and methods for the suppression of Th2-mediated immune response. Tracheal cytotoxin is shown to mediate a selective suppression of T helper cell type 2 (Th2)- mediated immune responses. The methods and compositions of the invention are useful for the treatment of Th2-mediated diseases and conditions due to their utility in suppressing Th2-mediated immune responses. The invention further extends to methods for suppressing the production of cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-5 which contribute to the development of Th2-mediated immune responses.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/04 - Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequenceDerivatives thereof
• A61K 38/14 - Peptides containing saccharide radicalsDerivatives thereof
• A61P 37/00 - Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
• A61P 37/06 - Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
• A61P 37/08 - Antiallergic agents
• A61P 11/06 - Antiasthmatics

Abstract

A method for determining distance between two spaced apart surfaces comprises: sampling values of an interference spectrum produced by reflections of frequency components of white light from the respective surfaces to produce a first array of sampled values of intensity of the interference spectrum and corresponding values of wavelengths of the reflected frequency components of the white light, computing an approximate value of the optical distance do between the surfaces as a function of the wavelengths of two of the reflected frequency components of the white light from the first array transforming the first array into a second array of the sampled values of intensity of the interference spectrum and values of the inverse of the wavelengths of the corresponding reflected frequency components of the white light, and computing at least one further approximate value of the optical distance between the surfaces.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01B 9/02 - Interferometers

Abstract

The invention provides novel methods for modulating the levels and effects of TRH and/or TRH-like peptides. These include agents for suppressing TRH-DE expression in cells, in tissues and/or in animals, such as RNAi and ribozymes. The invention has multiple applications inter alia in the generation of novel therapies for disorders related to disturbances in TRH, TRH-related peptides and TRH-DE; to modulate physiological processes; as a tool(s) for probing biological processes and mechanisms and/or as a means of generating transgenic animals.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/48 - Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
• C12N 15/11 - DNA or RNA fragmentsModified forms thereof
• A61P 25/00 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system

Abstract

A system (1) for determining a load of a vehicle such as a HGV. The system (1) comprises a plurality of strain gauges (2) mounted on each axle (3, 4) of the HGV. Each strain gauge (2) is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis A-A of the axles (3, 4) to measure the strain exerted on each axle (3, 4) in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis A-A of each axle (3, 4). The strain gauges (2) are mounted on the axles (3, 4) at locations on the axles (3, 4) at which the axles (3, 4) exhibit a substantially linear strain-load relationship. These locations are determined, by performing a finite element analysis of the axles (3, 4). The system (1) also comprises a master control unit (5), carried on-board the HGV5 for calculating the HGV load responsive to the longitudinal strain measured by the strain gauges (2). The load exerted by the HGV on the road surface may then be calculated responsive to the calculated HGV load. The strain gauges (2) may be employed to measure in real-time the longitudinal strain exerted on the nodes (3, 4) of the HGV while the HGV is moving, and the master control unit (5) may be employed to calculate in real-time the HGV load while the HGV is moving. The system (1) further comprises a transmitter for transmitting information from the HGV to a central server at a location remote from the HGV.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01G 19/12 - Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in groups for incorporation in vehicles having electrical weight-sensitive devices

Abstract

The present invention describes a methods, uses, compositions such as adhesive, sealants and coatings, scaffold material, composite material, all comprising amyloid-like materials such as fibrils, in particular those made from fruit or vegetable proteins. The amyloid-like materials impart good mechanical strength to the materials in which it is employed. Inhibition of amyloid formation is also described.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09J 189/00 - Adhesives based on proteinsAdhesives based on derivatives thereof
• C08L 99/00 - Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups or
• C08L 89/00 - Compositions of proteinsCompositions of derivatives thereof
• C09D 189/00 - Coating compositions based on proteinsCoating compositions based on derivatives thereof
• C09K 3/10 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for sealing or packing joints or covers
• C09D 5/34 - Filling pastes
• A61L 27/14 - Macromolecular materials
• A61K 31/00 - Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
• C08H 1/00 - Macromolecular products derived from proteins
• C09K 3/00 - Materials not provided for elsewhere

Abstract

The invention provides an RNA vector cassette comprising a subgenomic promoter and multiple cloning site (MCS) at the 5' end of the open reading frame of a gene encoding a SFV structural protein. The invention also provides for a replicating viral vector capable of expressing a cloned exogenous gene, wherein the vector demonstrates reduced virulence due to at least one mutation in the coding sequence of a structural protein of a virus. The mutation may be a deletion in the gene.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/86 - Viral vectors
• A61K 38/00 - Medicinal preparations containing peptides
• A61K 38/21 - Interferons

Abstract

The present invention relates to methods for modulating the immune response using the SARM protein and fragments thereof. SARM functions as a specific inhibitor of TRIF. SARM downregulates and suppresses intracellular signalling pathways mediated by TRIF, in particular signalling mediated by the Toll-like Receptors TLR3 and the MyD88-independent pathway mediated by TLR4. The inhibitory effect of SARM is specific to TRIF and accordingly the intracellular signalling pathways mediated by other adaptor proteins following TLR binding and activation, such as the MyD88-dependent pathway, are not affected. SARM can therefore be used to downregulate immune responses which are mediated by intracellular signalling pathways which involve TRIF.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/17 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans
• A61P 37/06 - Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
• C07K 14/47 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans from vertebrates from mammals

Abstract

The present invention provides for the use of a compound having the general formula (I), wherein: (i) A represents O or S; (ii) the cyclic group labelled F represents a benzyl group, a 2,3-naphthyl group or a benzyl group substituted with ethoxycarbonyl at the 2-position; (iii) and Y represents N(CH3)2, NHCH3, CH3 or pyridine; as an agent for one or more of the group consisting of an attenuating microtubule growth, depolymerising microtubules, arresting G2/M transition, activation of CDK1 activity, treatment of coronary heart disease, treatment of restenosis, treatment of arteriosclerosis and treatment of malaria.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/553 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having at least one nitrogen and at least one oxygen as ring hetero atoms, e.g. loxapine, staurosporine
• A61K 31/554 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having at least one nitrogen and at least one sulfur as ring hetero atoms, e.g. clothiapine, diltiazem
• A61P 9/00 - Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• A61P 9/08 - Vasodilators for multiple indications
• A61P 33/06 - Antimalarials

Abstract

A method of preparing porous microparticles comprises the steps of combining one or more organic compounds with a volatile system, and drying the system thus formed to provide substantially pure porous microparticles of the organic compound or composite porous microparticles of combinations of organic compounds. Organic compounds used in the method may be one or more of a bioactive, a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant or combinations thereof. The invention also relates to porous microparticles produced by such a method, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such porous microparticles.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 9/16 - AgglomeratesGranulatesMicrobeadlets

Abstract

The present invention provides a composition for suppressing an inflammatory immune response comprising the excretory / secretory (ES) component of Fasciola hepatica or a fraction thereof. The composition has particular utility in the treatment or prophylaxis of T cell mediated inflammatory immune responses, and in particular autoimmune disease. The invention further extends to methods for modulating a T cell mediated immune response wherein a therapeutically effective amount of the excretory / secretory (ES) component from Fasciola hepatica is administered to a subject in need of such treatment in order to suppress the development of the response.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 35/56 - Materials from animals other than mammals

Abstract

The present invention provides methods for modulating an immune response by administering a composition comprising a Toll-iike receptor agonist and an immune mediator which downregufates the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and upregulates the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12. The methods can be used to provide therapeutic treatment for cancerous conditions and infectious diseases.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/39 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for identifying patients who are likely to develop sepsis in response to infection, a method for monitoring the progress of sepsis in a patient and to an assay kit for identifying patients who are likely to develop sepsis and/or monitoring the progress of sepsis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/68 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganismsCompositions thereforProcesses of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids

Abstract

A method for quantitatively and qualitatively determining the presence of a macromolecule comprises providing nanoparticles in a buffered solution, adding a test sample to the buffered nanoparticle solution, and measuring the difference between the buffered nanoparticles in the presence and absence of the test sample. The nanoparticles are preferably less than 100 nm in size.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/58 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing involving labelled substances
• A61K 49/18 - Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparationsMagnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes

Abstract

Described is the novel finding that IL-1 F5 (IL-1 delta) and polypeptides derived therefrom bind to the receptor SIGIRR, with this binding interaction serving to modulate the immune response by stimulation the production of the cytokine IL-4. This induces an anti-inflammatory immune response. It has been further shown that PPARgamma is a key mediator in downstream signalling from SIGIRR following activation by the IL-1 F5 ligand. Modulation of the immune response occurs following binding of SIGIRR by IL-1 F5 in neuronal tissue and according methods for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are described.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/20 - Interleukins
• C07K 14/545 - IL-1
• G01N 33/50 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing
• A61P 25/28 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• A61P 29/00 - Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agentsNon-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Abstract

Modified polymers are prepared by providing a nanotube or nanoparticle suspension, adding a preformed polymer, swelling the preformed polymer in the suspension, and isolating the modified polymer from the suspension. The polymer may be a swellable polymer in the form of polymeric yarns, fibres, fabrics, ribbons or films. The swelling may be carried out using ultrasonic treatment .

IPC Classes  ?

• B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• C08J 3/205 - Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a liquid phase
• C08J 5/00 - Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
• C08K 3/04 - Carbon
• C08K 3/22 - OxidesHydroxides of metals
• C08K 3/30 - Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
• C08K 7/24 - Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
• C08L 23/02 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bondCompositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
• C08L 67/00 - Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
• C08L 77/00 - Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers

Abstract

The invention is directed to materials and methods associated with polymorphic variants in two enzymes involved in folate-dependent and one-carbon metabolic pathways: MTHFD1 (5,10- methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, 5,10- methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase, 10- formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase) and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+ dependent) 1-like (MTHFD1L). Diagnostic and therapeutic methods are provided involving the correlation of polymorphic variants in MTHFD1, MTHFD1, and other genes with relative susceptibility for various pregnancy-related and other complications.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/68 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganismsCompositions thereforProcesses of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a method of preparing an array of conducting or semi-conducting nanowires. The method generally comprises the steps of forming a vicinal surface of stepped atomic terraces on a substrate, depositing a fractional layer of dopant material to form nanostripes having a width less than the width of the atomic terraces, preferably covering the nanostripes and exposed terrace surfaces with an over layer to form a multilayer structure and optionally annealing the multilayer structure to cause diffusion of atoms of the dopant nanostripes into one or both of the substrate and over layer to form nanowires. This method is also applicable to other substrates with regular topographic patterns. The present invention also relates to various electronic devices made using these nanowires.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/225 - Diffusion of impurity materials, e.g. doping materials, electrode materials, into, or out of, a semiconductor body, or between semiconductor regionsRedistribution of impurity materials, e.g. without introduction or removal of further dopant using diffusion into, or out of, a solid from or into a solid phase, e.g. a doped oxide layer
• H01L 29/10 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode not carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
• H01L 29/12 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed
• H01L 21/20 - Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a nanowire assembly comprising a substrate (1 ) having an oxidised surface forming nanotrenches (2) with peaks (3) and troughs (4) and conducting nanowires on one of the peaks and troughs. The present invention is also directed to a process for forming this nanowire assembly and various electronic devices such as transistors comprising the nanowire assembly.

IPC Classes  ?

• C30B 29/60 - Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape characterised by shape
• H01L 51/40 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

A matrix by vector multiplication processing system (1) comprises a compression engine (2) for receiving and dynamically compressing a stream of elements of a matrix; in which the matrix elements are clustered, and in which the matrix elements are in numerical floating point format, and a memory (SDRAM, 3) for storing the compressed matrix. It also comprises a decompression engine (4) for dynamically decompressing elements retrieved from the memory (3), and a processor (10) for dynamically receiving decompressed elements from the decompression engine (3), and comprising a vector cache (13, 19), and multiplication logic (12, 21) for dynamically multiplying elements of the vector cache with the matrix elements. There is a cache (13) for vector elements to be multiplied by matrix elements to one side of a diagonal, and a separate cache or register (19) for vector elements to be multiplied by matrix elements to the other side of the diagonal. A control mechanism (16, 17, 18) multiplies a single matrix element by a corresponding element in one vector cache and separately by a corresponding element in the other vector cache. The compression engine and the decompression logic are circuits within a single integrated circuit, and the compression engine (2) performs matrix element address compression by generating a relative address for a plurality of clustered elements.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 17/16 - Matrix or vector computation
• H03M 7/30 - CompressionExpansionSuppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction

Abstract

An isolated polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 1 or 2 or a variant or fragment thereof. The variant may comprise an amino acid sequence that is at least 70% or 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 1 or 2. A fragment thereof may be a peptide comprising at least 12 contiguous amino acids of SEQ ID No. 1 or 2. The polypeptide exhibits toll-like receptor activity. The TLR has been named TLRl 4. TLR receptors recognise a range of ligands and activate a series of signalling pathways that lead to the induction of immune and inflammatory genes.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/705 - ReceptorsCell surface antigensCell surface determinants
• A61K 38/00 - Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Abstract

Described is the novel finding that the administration of filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) results in the maintenance of long term potentiation (LTP) . Moreover, the administration of FHA, through the modulation of inflammatory cytokine levels in the brain, can prevent the loss, and in some cases, can induce reversion to, normal levels of LTP in the brain. Further, where cognitive function may be impaired or diminished, for example in an aged animal or individual, FHA can be administered to reverse that impairment.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/16 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof
• C12N 5/06 -
• A61P 25/28 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia

Abstract

Described is a novel method for preventing the induction of an immune response directed against a biologic which is administered to an individual in need of treatment with the biologic, wherein the method comprises administering filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) along with the biologic. The administration of FHA suppresses a ThI type T cell response which in turn prevents B cell stimulation and maturation and hence the production of antibodies which have specificity for the administered biologic. The suppression of such a neutralising antibody response will confer significant therapeutic advantages relating to therapy using the biologic.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/16 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof
• A61K 39/10 - BrucellaBordetella, e.g. Bordetella pertussis
• C12N 5/06 -

Abstract

Described is a method for modulating an immune response, the method comprising administering filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) or a derivative or mutant or fragment or variant or peptide thereof . IL-17 has been shown to be an important pro-inflammatory mediator which results in pathology in autoimmune disease. FHA has been shown to suppress IL-23 and IL-27 production. The suppression of these cytokines in turn suppresses the clonal expansion of IL-17 producing T cells. The suppression of IL-17 producing T cells results in a downregulation of IL-17 cytokine production.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/10 - BrucellaBordetella, e.g. Bordetella pertussis
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A61P 37/02 - Immunomodulators
• A61P 25/00 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system

Abstract

Described is a method for modulating an immune response in order to treat conditions such as autoimmune disease. Specifically it has been shown that the adoptive transfer of dendritic cells primed with filamentous haemagglutinin can serve to prevent the onset and development of EAE, a murine model for multiple sclerosis. Such a finding can be used to provide a therapy which can be used to treat autoimmune diseases and immune-mediated disorders .

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 5/00 - Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell linesTissuesCultivation or maintenance thereofCulture media therefor
• C12N 5/06 -
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
• A61K 39/10 - BrucellaBordetella, e.g. Bordetella pertussis
• A61K 38/16 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to compounds that inhibit thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)- degrading ectoenzyme and/or enhance, and/or mimic the biological actions of TRH. The compounds find therapeutic application, particularly in conditions involving neuronal cell injury and disturbances in neurobiological function. These compounds are based on a C-terminally extended TRH-structure, wherein the C-terminal extension mainly consists of (D) amino acids.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/06 - Tripeptides
• A61K 38/07 - Tetrapeptides
• A61P 25/00 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• C07K 5/10 - Tetrapeptides
• C07K 7/06 - Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids