In-building antenna apparatus and methods for manufacturing and installing the same. In one embodiment, the antenna apparatus includes a radome cover, a lower flange, an antenna housing, a spring-loaded mount apparatus, a signaling interface, and a plurality of spring arms. Each of the spring arms may include at least one tie-down location. Accordingly, when a removable tie is placed around a plurality of tie-down locations, the antenna apparatus resides in an installation configuration; however, when the removable tie is removed from around the plurality of tie-down locations, the antenna apparatus transitions towards a default configuration. The spring arms may also act as a ground plane for the antenna. Spring-loaded mount apparatus as well as methods of manufacturing and installing the aforementioned antenna apparatus are also disclosed.
Antenna apparatus that utilizes a utility line (202) in order to improve performance of the antenna apparatus. In one embodiment, a smart meter that utilizes the aforementioned antenna apparatus is disclosed. The smart meter includes a utility meter housing (216) configured to house a smart metering module (100, 100a, 00b), the utility meter housing (216) enclosing: a wireless reporting portion (206) comprising a helical coil radiator (104), the helical coil radiator (104) being coupled to an RF transmission path, the RF transmission path configured to couple the helical coil radiator (104) to an RF transceiver integrated circuit (208); an enclosure (106) configured to house the RF transceiver integrated circuit (208), the enclosure (106) further comprising a distribution portion (204) comprising one or more meter sensing electronics; and a utility line port, the utility line port configured to position a utility line (202) adjacent and parallel with the helical coil radiator (104).
Antenna apparatus that utilizes a utility line in order to improve performance of the antenna apparatus. In one embodiment, a smart meter that utilizes the aforementioned antenna apparatus is disclosed. The smart meter includes a utility meter housing configured to house a smart metering module, the utility meter housing enclosing: a wireless reporting portion comprising a helical coil radiator, the helical coil radiator being coupled to an RF transmission path, the RF transmission path configured to couple the helical coil radiator to an RF transceiver integrated circuit; an enclosure configured to house the RF transceiver integrated circuit, the enclosure further comprising a distribution portion comprising one or more meter sensing electronics; and a utility line port, the utility line port configured to position a utility line adjacent and parallel with the helical coil radiator.
H01Q 1/22 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
H04Q 9/00 - Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
Multi-element dual polarized antenna apparatus and methods of utilizing and manufacturing the same. The antenna apparatus includes two planar antenna elements. One antenna element is configured to communicate RF waves characterized by a first polarization and another antenna element is configured to communicate RF waves characterized by second polarization. Feed elements are disposed such that their longitudinal axes are parallel with one another while their transverse axes are disposed perpendicular with one another. Individual feed elements include planar feed structures disposed on sides of the feed elements that are facing the same quadrant. Arranging the antenna feed structure using the above configuration provides for an antenna characterized by improved improved port to port isolation and/or improved cross polarization discrimination without the use of additional components.
H01Q 21/26 - Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
H01Q 9/28 - Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze or like elements having an extended radiating surface Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
Low-profile electronic component apparatus and methods of manufacturing and utilizing the same, for use with low-profile mobile devices and other applications. In one embodiment, the mobile device comprises a wireless-enabled smartphone, tablet, or laptop computer, and the component comprises an audio speaker which is recessed into a metallic support element, the latter recessed into the mobile device outer housing. The support element is coated with an insulating material, and conductive traces formed thereon for electrical interface with the contacts of the speaker. When assembled, the installation results in a substantially reduced overall vertical profile, thereby both potentially reducing the overall required thickness of the host device, and creating additional volume within the device housing (such as for other components, and/or enhanced audio response of the speaker) resulting in an additional spacing between the speaker component and any extant antenna assemblies.
Directional antenna apparatus and methods of utilizing the same. In one embodiment, the directional antenna apparatus includes a chip component disposed on a ground plane. The chip component includes a conductive layer disposed upon a ceramic substrate. The conductive layer of the chip component is connected to electronic circuitry via one or more feed structures and one or more ground structures. The chip component and the ground plane are disposed atop a reflector component in a substantially orthogonal orientation. By spacing the ground plane from the reflector component by a set amount, the directional nature of the directional antenna apparatus may be configured.
In-building dual-polarized antenna apparatus components, assemblies, and methods for manufacturing and utilizing the same. In one embodiment, the dual-polarized ceiling mount antenna apparatus comprises a multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) device and is constructed to meet one or more aesthetically-related design goals such as e.g., being visually appealing. Specifically, only the horizontally polarized antenna element of the exemplary MIMO apparatus is visible as the remainder of the MIMO antenna apparatus is hidden from view above a ceiling tile. Moreover, the radome of the horizontally polarized antenna element is manufactured from a substantially translucent polymer cover and includes a “thin” radiating mesh. Resident above the ceiling tile, and normally obscured from view, is a vertically polarized antenna element along with an optional reflector element. Performance characteristics of the MIMO antenna apparatus and methods of manufacturing and using the aforementioned MIMO antenna apparatus are also disclosed.
H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path
H01Q 1/42 - Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
H01Q 21/26 - Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
9.
Multi-tap frequency switchable antenna apparatus, systems and methods
Multi-tap switchable antenna apparatus for use with mobile devices and other applications, and methods of utilizing the same. In one embodiment, the multi-tap switchable antenna apparatus includes a main radiator coupled to an antenna feed or source. Galvanically connected to the main radiator is a plurality of switchable antenna radiators which are in turn connected to an nPmT switch. The output of the nPmT switch can be connected to a variety of differing electronic component impedances. By altering the state of the nPmT switch, the operational length of the antenna (and hence, the operational frequency band of the antenna) can be varied. Performance characteristics associated with a given implementation of the multi-tap switchable apparatus are also disclosed.
H01Q 1/50 - Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
H01Q 5/20 - Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
H04M 1/02 - Constructional features of telephone sets
10.
Sensor-based closed loop antenna swapping apparatus and methods
Antenna systems that make use of an integrated proximity sensor or other sensor in order to implement a closed loop antenna selection system. In one embodiment, the antenna system is implemented within an exemplary portable wireless device and includes as its primary components for implementing the closed loop antenna selection system: a proximity sensor/microcontroller unit (MCU); a switching apparatus; a baseband front end module (FEM); and a number of antenna modules. The integrated proximity sensor/MCU detects the presence (influence) of a user's hand, or other loading by any other dielectric or metal component, through measurements that take place through the antenna modules and selects the appropriate RF path for transmission and/or reception by the mobile device. Methods of using and testing the aforementioned antenna systems are also disclosed.
Low passive intermodulation (PIM) antenna assemblies and methods for utilizing the same. In one embodiment, the low PIM antenna assemblies described herein offer the lowest PIM level for the DAS antenna as compared with current PIM solutions currently available in the market place as well as the improvement of isolation between the radiating elements using inserted isolation rings as well as a more omni-directional radiation pattern using the insertion of slots into the radiating elements themselves. Methods of manufacturing and using the aforementioned low PIM antenna assembly are also disclosed.
Wireless wide area network (WWAN) antenna with integrated sensor and methods of using the same. In one embodiment, an antenna subsystem and proximity sensing subsystem share a grounded antenna component/parasitic element. The parasitic element can be used to broaden the operating band of the antenna feeding component and provide an input (via a capacitance change) to a proximity sensor. The parasitic element is, in one embodiment, coupled in parallel to the proximity sensor allowing for a reduction in noise due to increased isolation between the antenna subsystem and the sensing subsystem.
Wireless wide area network (WWAN) antenna with integrated sensor and methods of using the same. In one embodiment, an antenna subsystem and proximity sensing subsystem share a grounded antenna component/parasitic element. The parasitic element can be used to broaden the operating band of the antenna feeding component and provide an input (via a capacitance change) to a proximity sensor. The parasitic element is, in one embodiment, coupled in parallel to the proximity sensor allowing for a reduction in noise due to increased isolation between the antenna subsystem and the sensing subsystem.
H01Q 1/44 - Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
H01Q 5/378 - Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
14.
Methods and apparatus for conductive element deposition and formation
A conductive element such as an antenna, for use in electronic devices, including mobile devices such as cellular phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, and wireless tablets, and methods of, and apparatus for, forming the same. In one exemplary aspect, the present disclosure relates to a conductive antenna formed using deposition of conductive fluids as well as the method and equipment for forming the same. In one embodiment, a complex (3D) conductive trace is formed using two or more different print technologies via creation of different domains within the conductive trace pattern.
B05B 12/04 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery for sequential operation or multiple outlets
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
B05B 17/04 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods
B05D 1/28 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
H05K 1/11 - Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
H05K 3/14 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using spraying techniques to apply the conductive material
15.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDUCTIVE ELEMENT DEPOSITION AND FORMATION
A conductive element such as an antenna, for use in electronic devices, including mobile devices such as cellular phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, and wireless tablets, and methods of, and apparatus for, forming the same. In one exemplary aspect, the present disclosure relates to a conductive antenna formed using deposition of conductive fluids as well as the method and equipment for forming the same. In one embodiment, a complex (3D) conductive trace is formed using two or more different print technologies via creation of different domains within the conductive trace pattern.
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
16.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDUCTIVE ELEMENT DEPOSITION AND FORMATION
A conductive element such as an antenna, for use in electronic devices, including mobile devices such as cellular phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, and wireless tablets. In one exemplary aspect, the present disclosure relates to a conductive antenna formed using deposition of conductive fluids as well as the method and equipment for forming the same. In one embodiment, a "thick" antenna element can be formed in one pass of a dispensing head or nozzle, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and increasing manufacturing efficiency.
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
17.
Methods and apparatus for conductive element deposition and formation
A conductive element such as an antenna, for use in electronic devices, including mobile devices such as cellular phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, and wireless tablets. In one exemplary aspect, the present disclosure relates to a conductive antenna formed using deposition of conductive fluids as well as the method and equipment for forming the same. In one embodiment, a “thick” antenna element can be formed in one pass of a dispensing head or nozzle, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and increasing manufacturing efficiency.
H05K 3/32 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
18.
Switchable multi-radiator high band antenna apparatus
Switchable multi-radiator high band antenna apparatus, and methods of tuning and utilizing the same. In one embodiment, the antenna apparatus is configured to operate in lower and upper frequency bands, for use within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone or smartphone). In one variant, the antenna apparatus includes a metal cup, two feeding elements, and a ground element. One feeding element is used to tune the antenna in both the lower and the upper bands. The other feed element is used to tune the antenna in the upper band. A switching element is configured to change the signal routing for the feed elements. During device operation, a user's body (e.g., hand) may cover or obstruct one of the antenna elements. Responsive to a determination of reduced performance associated with covered/obstructed antenna element, the signal route may be automatically switched to the other element, thereby improving robustness of mobile device communications.
H04B 1/38 - Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
A right-hand circular polarized antenna and associated methods. In one embodiment, a quarter-wave antenna configuration is used within a small form factor portable device (e.g. wristwatch). The antenna comprises a radiator element which operates in as a linear polarized antenna while the device is operating in free space. However, when the device is attached to a user (e.g. at a user's wrist), the antenna utilizes the loading of the user's body tissue in order to suppress unwanted signals (e.g. left hand polarized signals) to permit operation in circular polarized mode (e.g. right hand polarized mode), thereby allowing for increased sensitivity to received circularly polarized signals such as those emanated from global positioning satellites.
G01S 19/14 - Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
H01Q 1/27 - Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
20.
Capacitive grounding methods and apparatus for mobile devices
Grounding apparatus for mobile devices and methods of utilizing and manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, an outer metallized surface of a mobile device is configured to capacitively couple a metal back cover to the device ground. Specifically, in one implementation, an exterior surface of the mobile device is metalized and coupled to the device ground via galvanic contacts. The exterior metalized surface is configured to be capacitively coupled a metal back cover of a mobile device to the device ground when the back cover is installed on the mobile device. By capacitively coupling the back cover to the device ground via the exterior metalized surface, the need to otherwise ground the back cover through the use of galvanic contacts is obviated, thereby reducing the number of components needed.
A “thin” and cost-effective three-dimensional antenna assembly and methods of use and manufacturing thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, the solution of the present disclosure is particularly adapted for small form-factor portable radio devices, and comprises an antenna (or array of antennas) deposited on a thin preformed flexible or deformable structure using a conductive fluid. The antenna (array) includes one or more antennas each having a radiator and a plurality of contacts. Use of the thin preformed structure allows, among other things, thinner form factors for the host wireless device, and obviates use of a separate molded carrier or other more costly or involved processes (such as laser direct structuring).
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
Antenna apparatus and methods of use and tuning. In one exemplary embodiment, the solution of the present disclosure is particularly adapted for small form-factor, metal-encased applications such as smartphones or tablets (and “phablets”) utilizing near field communication (NFC) interfaces. The solution increases the effective size of the antenna without requiring any significant additional space or other structural modifications to the host device (such as changes to the device's metal case or size), while still maintaining a high degree of electrical performance (including a high Q factor).
H01Q 1/52 - Means for reducing coupling between antennas Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 7/06 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material
23.
Galvanically separated non-interacting antenna sector apparatus and methods
An antenna apparatus with isolated non-interactive sectors and methods operating and forming the same. In one embodiment, an antenna with a radiative element comprising a planar layer with multiple sectors is disclosed. The sectors are configured to be interactive or non-interactive. The interactive sectors contribute to the radiative profile of the antenna. The non-interactive sectors are galvanically isolated from the interactive sectors and do not substantially affect the radiative profile of the antenna. Region borders are present between various ones of the interacting and non-interacting sectors. These region borders provide the galvanic isolation between the interacting and non-interacting sectors. The antenna further includes feed portions coupled to the interactive sectors, thereby defining the antenna pattern. The non-interactive sectors are largely transparent to the radiative mode and thus do not substantially affect the antenna pattern.
A chassis-excited antenna apparatus, and methods of tuning and utilizing the same. In one embodiment, a distributed loop antenna configuration is used within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone). The antenna comprises two radiating elements: one configured to operate in a high-frequency band, and the other in a low-frequency band. The two antenna elements are disposed on different side surfaces of the metal chassis of the portable device; e.g., on the opposing sides of the device enclosure. Each antenna component comprises a radiator and an insulating cover. The radiator is coupled to a device feed via a feed conductor and a ground point. A portion of the feed conductor is disposed with the radiator to facilitate forming of the coupled loop resonator structure.
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 1/50 - Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
H01Q 1/40 - Radiating elements coated with, or embedded in, protective material
H01Q 5/321 - Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements
Antenna apparatus and methods of use and tuning. In one exemplary embodiment, the solution of the present disclosure is particularly adapted for small form-factor, metal-encased applications that utilize satellite wireless links (e.g., GPS), and uses an electromagnetic (e.g., capacitive) feeding method that includes one or more separate feed elements that are not galvanically connected to a radiator element of the antenna. In addition, certain implementations of the antenna apparatus offer the capability to carry more than one operating band for the antenna.
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
A chassis-excited antenna apparatus, and methods of tuning and utilizing the same. In one embodiment, a distributed loop antenna configuration is used within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone). The antenna comprises two radiating elements: one configured to operate in a high-frequency band, and the other in a low-frequency band. The two antenna elements are disposed on different side surfaces of the metal chassis of the portable device; e.g., on the opposing sides of the device enclosure. Each antenna component comprises a radiator and an insulating cover. The radiator is coupled to a device feed via a feed conductor and a ground point. A portion of the feed conductor is disposed with the radiator to facilitate forming of the coupled loop resonator structure.
H01Q 1/22 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 1/42 - Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
H01Q 1/50 - Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
Capacitively coupled antenna apparatus and methods of operating and adaptively tuning the same. In one embodiment, the insertion loss component in "beside the hand/head" use scenarios is significantly reduced or eliminated such that the antenna experiences only absorptive losses (which generally cannot be avoided), and a very small insertion loss by the host device radio frequency tuner. The exemplary antenna apparatus may be configured for multi-band operation, and also has a very small form factor (e.g., 3mm ground clearance only at the bottom of the PCB, 4mm height in one implementation), thereby allowing for use in spatially compact host devices such as slim-line smartphones, tablets, and the like. The adaptive antenna arrangement (using capacitive feed) can be tuned such that the tuner is used in free space, and the user's hand/head tunes the antenna to the band of interest while in use.
Capacitively coupled antenna apparatus and methods of operating and adaptively tuning the same. In one embodiment, the insertion loss component in “beside the hand/head” use scenarios is significantly reduced or eliminated such that the antenna experiences only absorptive losses (which generally cannot be avoided), and a very small insertion loss by the host device radio frequency tuner. The exemplary antenna apparatus may be configured for multi-band operation, and also has a very small form factor (e.g., 3 mm ground clearance only at the bottom of the PCB, 4 mm height in one implementation), thereby allowing for use in spatially compact host devices such as slim-line smartphones, tablets, and the like. The adaptive antenna arrangement (using capacitive feed) can be tuned such that the tuner is used in free space, and the user's hand/head tunes the antenna to the band of interest while in use.
Dynamically switchable antenna apparatus (100) and associated methods. In one embodiment, a switching antenna configuration (100) is used within a portable device (e.g., mobile phone). The switching antenna (100) comprises at least one antenna element (104) which operates at one or more resonant frequencies, and one or more switching elements (102). In one implementation, the switching elements (102) are autonomously controlled to correct for detuning effects experienced by the antenna (e.g., body tissue loading) by modifying the electrical length of the antenna radiator(s) and/or correcting antenna impedance mismatch. In another implementation, the switching elements (102) are controlled to effectuate band switching of the antenna (100).
H01Q 23/00 - Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
H04B 1/18 - Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
H03J 5/24 - Discontinuous tuningSelecting predetermined frequenciesSelecting frequency bands with or without continuous tuning in one or more of the bands, e.g. push-button tuning, turret tuner with a number of separate pretuned tuning circuits or separate tuning elements selectively brought into circuit, e.g. for waveband selection or for television channel selection
An internal dual band antenna meant for small radio devices. In one embodiment, the antenna contains two radiators and a parasite element, which is shared between them. The parasite element is implemented on three sides of the antenna module, which are perpendicular to the side where the two radiators are implemented. The short-circuit conductor of the parasite element extends close to the supply point/points of the antenna on the circuit board of the radio device and is connected to the ground plane of the radio device. The antenna structure is dimensioned such that the two resonance frequencies on both functional bands are at a lower frequency than the resonance frequencies of the actual radiators. Accordingly, both the lower and upper frequency band is widened. The shape of the parasite element does not weaken the adaptation of the antenna in either functional band.
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
H01Q 5/378 - Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
31.
Switchable diversity antenna apparatus and methods
An active diversity antenna apparatus and methods of tuning and utilizing the same. In one embodiment, the active diversity antenna is used within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone or smartphone), and enables device operation in several low frequency bands (LBs). The exemplary implementation of the active LB diversity antenna comprises a directly fed radiator portion and a grounded (coupled fed) radiator portion. The directly fed portion is fed via a feed element connected to an antenna feed. The coupled fed portion of the LB antenna is grounded, forming a resonating part of the low frequency band. A gap between the two antenna portions is used to adjust antenna Q-value. Resonant frequency tuning is achieved by changing the length of the grounded element. The LB feed element is disposed proximate the feed element of a high band diversity antenna, thus reducing transmission losses and improving diplexer operation.
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
H01Q 21/30 - Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
H01Q 5/378 - Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
32.
Loosely-coupled radio antenna apparatus and methods
A multiband internal antenna apparatus and methods of tuning and utilizing the same. In one embodiment, the antenna configuration is used within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone or smartphone). The device enclosure is fabricated from a conductive material and has two parts: the main portion, housing the device electronics and ground plane, and the antenna cap, which substantially envelops a directly fed radiator structure of the antenna. Electromagnetic coupling of the cap portion to the device feed effects formation of a parasitic antenna radiator in a lower frequency band. The cap portion is separated from the main portion by a narrow gap, extending along circumference of the device, and is grounded at a location selected to cause desired resonance and to widen antenna bandwidth. In one implementation, a second parasitic radiator is disposed proximate the directly feed radiator to further expand antenna frequency bands of operation.
A space efficient multi-feed antenna apparatus, and methods for use in a radio frequency communications device. In one embodiment, the antenna assembly comprises three (3) separate radiator structures disposed on a common antenna carrier. Each of the three antenna radiators is connected to separate feed ports of a radio frequency front end. In one variant, the first and the third radiators comprise quarter-wavelength planar inverted-L antennas (PILA), while the second radiator comprises a half-wavelength grounded loop-type antenna disposed in between the first and the third radiators. The PILA radiators are characterized by radiation patterns having maximum radiation axes that are substantially perpendicular to the antenna plane. The loop radiator is characterized by radiation pattern having axis of maximum radiation that is parallel to the antenna plane. The above configuration of radiating patterns advantageously isolates the first radiator structure from the third radiator structure in at least one frequency band.
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
H01Q 5/40 - Imbricated or interleaved structuresCombined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
A chassis-excited antenna apparatus, and methods of tuning and utilizing the same. In one embodiment, a distributed loop antenna configuration is used within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone). The antenna comprises two radiating elements: one configured to operate in a high-frequency band, and the other in a low-frequency band. The two antenna elements are disposed on different side surfaces of the metal chassis of the portable device; e.g., on the opposing sides of the device enclosure. Each antenna component comprises a radiator and an insulating cover. The radiator is coupled to a device feed via a feed conductor and a ground point. A portion of the feed conductor is disposed with the radiator to facilitate forming of the coupled loop resonator structure.
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
35.
MULTI-RESONANCE ANTENNA, ANTENNA MODULE AND RADIO DEVICE
The invention relates to an internal dual band antenna meant for small radio devices, an antenna module and a radio device, which has an antenna implemented with the antenna module. The antenna contains two radiators (7, 8) and a parasite element (14), which is shared between them. The parasite element (14) is mainly implemented on three sides of the antenna module, which sides are perpendicular to the side, where two radiators are implemented. The short-circuit conductor (12) of the parasite element (14) extends close to the supply point/points (3, 4) of the antenna in the direction of the level of the circuit board of the radio device, from which location (5) it is connected to the ground plane (11) of the radio device. The antenna structure is dimensioned so that the two resonance frequencies based on the parasite element (14) are on both functional bands at a lower frequency than the resonance frequencies of the actual radiators (7, 8). By proceeding thus, both the lower and upper frequency band is widened. The shape of the parasite element is such that the hand of a user of the radio device does not essentially weaken the adaptation of the antenna in either functional band.
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
A distributed multiband antenna intended for radio devices, and methods for designing manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) (206) configured to operate in a high-frequency band, and a matched monopole (204) configured to operate in a low- frequency band, are used within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone). The two antennas are placed on substantially opposing regions of the portable device. The use of a separate low- frequency antenna element facilitates frequency- specific antenna matching, and therefore improves the overall performance of the multiband antenna. The use of high -band PIFA reduces antenna volume, and enables a smaller device housing structure while also reducing signal losses in the high frequency band. Matching of the low- frequency band monopole antenna is further described.
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
An antenna of a laptop device, which can be connected wirelessly to a communication network. The apparent size of the antenna's ground plane (GND), as 'seen' from the feed of the monopole radiator (410), is reduced so that the outer peak of the strength of the electric field in the near field of the ground plane falls about at the distance of a quarter wavelength from the outer end of the radiator at the frequencies in the lower operating band of the antenna. This is implemented by arranging a quarter wave resonator (420, GND) tied to the ground plane so that the short-circuited end of this resonator is close to the outer end of the radiator. The capability of the antenna at the frequencies below 1 GHz improves because of the more favourable distribution of the field of the ground plane.
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
H01Q 19/26 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element the primary active element being end-fed and elongated
A second antenna supplementing the main antenna of a small-sized radio device. The second antenna (300) has operating bands for implementing the space diversity in the receiving in accordance with two radio systems. The radiators (310, 320) corresponding to these operating bands are for the most part of conductive coating of a chip substrate (340) on the circuit board (PCB) of the radio device so that their directions on the substrate surface are opposite as viewed from the feed points (315, 325) of the radiators. In addition, the second antenna comprises a third radiator (330) at the substrate on the opposite surface of the circuit board for the GPS reception. The multiband second antenna is very small-sized.
A monopole antenna applicable especially to small mobile stations. The radiator (331) of the antenna is trough-like so that it covers the head surface, front and rear surfaces and both side surfaces of the dielectric cover (310) of the radio device at an end of the device. On the side of the side surfaces there are slots (SL1, SL2) in the radiator starting from its edge for increasing the electric size. The radiator is fed electromagnetically by a separate element (320) which is shaped so that the antenna has at least two operating bands. The ground plane of the antenna is apart from the radiator, thus not extending inside the 'trough'.
A radiating antenna element intended for portable radio devices and methods for designing manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, a loop resonator structure for enhanced field (e.g., electric field) is provided, the resonator having an inductive and a capacitive element forming a resonance in a first frequency band. The loop resonator structure is disposed substantially on the ground plane, thereby altering electrical energy distribution. The location of the resonant element is selected to reduce electric field strength proximate to one or more sensitive components, such as a mobile device earpiece, thereby improve hearing aid compliance. Capacitive tuning of the resonator, and the use of multiple resonator structures on the same device, are further described.
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
An antenna structure intended for small-sized mobile terminals. It comprises a main radiator (210) for implementing the lowest operating band and other radiators for implementing at least one operating band in the high band. The structure com- prises also a matching circuit, by which a double resonance is implemented for the main radiator in the range of the lowest operating band and the isolation is improved between the main radiator and another radiator. A reactive element (L23) is joined to the main radiator so that its electric size decreases in the high band and increases in the low band. The former matter strengthens the resonances in the high band and thus results in rise in the efficiency in the high band.
An antenna structure applying the spatial multiplexing and intended especially for small mobile stations. The antenna comprises two antenna components (210, 220) with a substrate (211, 221) and radiator (212, 222), the components being located on the opposite sides of the circuit board (PCB) of a radio device. Each antenna component constitutes with the ground plane (GND) of the radio device a partial antenna, the operating band of which is below the frequency of 1 GHz. The ground plane and the feed points (FP1, FP2) of the partial antennas are arranged so that the 'dipole axes' of the partial antennas have clearly different directions at the frequencies of said operating band. The capability of the MIMO antenna of a small-sized radio device at the frequencies below 1 GHz is higher than of the corresponding known antennas because the correlation between the signals of the partial antennas is quite low due to the difference between the directions of their 'dipole axes'.
An adjustable monopole antenna intended especially for mobile terminals. About halfway along the monopole radiator (310) there is an adjusting point (AP), from which a conductor (315) is branched to the adjusting circuit (340) of the antenna. The adjusting circuit comprises a switch (SW) and alternative reactive elements (X1–XN) connected to the ground (GND), selectable by the switch. When a reactive element is changed, the electric length and resonance frequency of the whole radiator change, in which case the corresponding operating band shifts. If the antenna is made a dual-band one, the above-mentioned operating band is the lower one of them. The higher operating band again is based e.g. on radiating slots (SL1, SL2) implemented by the same radiator conductor and a possible separate parasitic radiator (320). The operating band of the antenna below the frequency 1 GHz can be shifted in a wider range than in the corresponding known antennas.
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
H01Q 1/22 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
H01Q 5/02 - for operation of centre-fed aerials which comprise a single, or two or more collinear, substantially straight elongated active elements
H01Q 23/00 - Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
An arrangement and method for matching the antenna (340) of a radio device. A capacitive sensor (370) is arranged in the antenna structure for detecting the electric changes in the surroundings of the antenna. The mismatch caused by a change is rectified by means of the signal (CAP) proportional to the sensor capacitance (CSE). This capacitance and the frequency range currently in use are input variables of the control unit. The antenna impedance is adjusted by means of a π- shaped reactive matching circuit (330), the component values of which can be selected from a relatively wide array of alternatives by means of change-over switches, which are only located in the transverse branches of the matching circuit. The control unit (350) executes an adjusting process at regular intervals, on grounds of the result of which process it selects the combination of the component values of the matching circuit (330) and sets the switches. The mean efficiency of the transmitter becomes higher for the improvement of the matching and because no directional coupler and serial adjusting components are needed in the trans- mission path of the transmitter. The antenna matching can be improved also during the receiving. The algorithm to be used in the adjusting process is relatively simple and fast.
A multiband antenna based on a dielectric antenna component. The antenna component (501) comprises a dielectric substrate (510) and two radiators on its surface, which radiators extend towards each other from the opposite ends of the substrate. At an end of the substrate, the first radiator (521) is connected to the antenna's feed conductor and the ground (GND). The second radiator (522) is parasitic, and it is coupled from two points to the ground at the opposite end of the substrate. These two ground couplings take place through serial resonance circuits (C51, L51; C52, L52) with different natural frequency to constitute two operating bands for the antenna. The basic component of a dualband antenna does not have to be a dualband one, in which case it can be made very small. In addition, the structural parts of said resonance circuits are very tiny. The efficiency of an antenna is good in both bands, because the volume of the whole substrate is utilized in them.
An internal monopole antenna intended for small-sized radio devices (RD). It comprises a radiating main element (220) and parasitic element (230). The main element has a resonance frequency both in the lower and upper operating band of the antenna, and the parasitic element has a resonance frequency in the upper operating band. The length of the part (221) of the main element, which corresponds to its lower resonance, is increased by shaping the element so that the third harmonic of the basic resonance frequency lowers relatively close to the other resonance frequencies in the upper operating band. The shift of the lower resonance frequency of the main element, which takes place at the same time, is compensated by adding a serial capacitor to the feed circuit of the antenna. The part of the main element, which corresponds to its upper resonance, is divided into two arms (222, 223) so that one (223) of these arms is the part of the main element nearest to the parasitic element. The upper operating band of an antenna can be made wider compared with the corresponding known antennas, because said harmonic resonance is utilized in the antenna matching in the upper operating band. In addition, a relatively strong coupling can exist between the main (220) and parasitic (230) element without degradation in the antenna matching in the upper operating band, in which case the parasitic element becomes smaller compared with the known technique and its unfavourable coupling to the other conductive parts of the radio device reduces.
H01Q 9/44 - Resonant antennas with a plurality of divergent straight elements, e.g. V-dipole, X-antennaResonant antennas with a plurality of elements having mutually inclined substantially straight portions
An antenna especially intended for small-sized radio devices, which antenna has more than one resonance for shaping an operating band. The radiating element (320) of the antenna has, viewed from its feed point (FP), a first (321) and a second (322) arm with nearly equal electric lengths. The tail ends of the arms are located on different sides of the area confined by the outline of the radiator and point to opposite directions away from each other for exciting a double resonance in the antenna. The second arm has at least one extension towards the tail portion of the first arm. Also an operating band in the range of 900 MHz can be widened by means of the extra resonance without an extra element. The solution is simple and hardly causes rise in the production costs.
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
A tunable antenna of small-sized radio devices and a tuning method. The radiator (610) of an antenna of a radio device is of conductive coating of a dielectric substrate(605). Fuses (F61, F62, F63) connect to the radiating conductor so that the physical shape of the radiator and its electrical size at the same time depend on which fuses are conductive and which are not. The radiating conductor functions as a common current path to the fuses, and the fuse to be blown is selected on grounds of the magnitude or duration of a direct current. The fuses are surface mounted components. Also so called anti-fuses, which can be permanently changed from non-conductive to conductive, may be used. The tuning of an antenna mounted in the end product hardly changes the appearance of the antenna, and no vapours hazardous to health are formed in the tuning.
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 5/15 - Resonant antennas for operation of centre-fed antennas comprising one or more collinear, substantially straight or elongated active elements
H01Q 9/14 - Length of element or elements adjustable
An antenna combination especially intended for small radio devices. It comprises a main antenna, the radiator (320) of which is a conductive part of the outer cover of the device, and a second antenna to enable simultaneous operation in the frequency bands close to each other. The second antenna is a narrow ILA, and its radiator (330) is placed in a slot (SLT) between the radiator (320) of the main antenna and the rest (COV) of the cover. The matching circuits of the antennas are implemented so that they function at the same time as filters, which enhance the electric isolation of the antennas. A second antenna can be added to a radio device with a cover radiator so that its radiator does not require extra space, and the electric isolation between the antennas is good despite the closeness of their radiators.
A dielectric antenna component (200) suitable for small-sized radio devices and an antenna based on such an antenna component. A substrate with relatively high permittivity for a radiating conductor is used in the antenna for reducing the size of the antenna. The substrate (210) is elongated, and the radiating conductive coating (220) constitutes a loop circulating via its ends. The width of one long side (221) of the loop is at most half of the width of the other long side (222). The bandwidth of a very small-sized antenna can be made large, because the phases of the electromagnetic waves in the radiator branches are nearly equal. For the same reason the efficiency of the antenna can be made relatively good in spite of the dielectric substrate.
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
An adjustable multiband antenna especially intended to mobile terminals. The antenna structure comprises a radiator (320), a feed element (330) and an adjusting circuit (350). The radiator is a conductive part of the outer cover (COV) of a radio device or conductive coating of the cover. It is fed electromagnetically by a feed element which is isolated from the radiator by a relatively thin dielectric substrate. The feed element is connected either directly or through an intermediate element (340) to the antenna port of the device and to the ground plane (310), and it is shaped so that the antenna has at least two operating bands. The adjusting circuit is connected to an adjusting point (AP) in the feed element, and the reactance between the adjusting point and ground and thus the electric size of the antenna can be changed by means of a switch (SW) in the adjusting circuit. Among other things, the component values of the adjusting circuit and the distance between the short-circuit (SP) and adjusting (AP) points in the feed element are variables from the point of view of the antenna adjustment. Displacements, which have desired directions and lengths, are obtained for at least two operation bands of the antenna independently from each other by changing the switch state. The efficiency of the antenna is better than of the corresponding known antennas, and its matching can be made good both in lower and upper operating band of the antenna.
H01Q 5/15 - Resonant antennas for operation of centre-fed antennas comprising one or more collinear, substantially straight or elongated active elements
An arrangement for connecting the radiator (430) of the planar antenna of a radio device to the rest part of the device. The arrangement comprises a contact spring (310) with a top contact (318) for making the connection to the radiator and a bottom contact (319) for making the connection to a counter-contact (405) in the radio device. The vertical movement caused by the force which pushes the bottom contact is converted into a rotation, by means of which the top contact of the contact spring is pressed horizontally against a vertical projection (435) of the radiating plane. For implementing the rotation the contact spring is first directed upwards from the bottom contact and turns then back down obliquely. This oblique portion (313) is fixed at its lower end, in which case the pushing of the bottom contact upwards rotates the oblique portion round its lower end. For the top contact, an arm (312) joins the oblique portion (313), which arm at rest is more vertical than the oblique portion and has the top contact (318) at the upper end, and which arm turns together with the oblique portion pressing the top contact to its connection point. The contact spring requires only a relatively small space, because its portions to be bent are substantially vertical, i.e. they have a steep angle in respect of the radiating plane. Though space is saved, the contacts are reliable anyhow. The contact spring is mounted into a box in the dielectric body of the antenna by a snap joint.
An adjustable multi-band planar antenna especially applicable in mobile terminals. The feed of the antenna can be connected by a multiple-way switch (SW) to at least two alternative points (FP1, FP2, FP3) in the radiator (310). When the feed point is changed, the resonance frequencies and thus the operating bands of the antenna change. Besides the basic dimensions of the antenna, the distance (x, y, z) of each feed point to other feed points and possible short-circuit point in the radiator, the value of the series capacitance (C31; C32; C33) belonging to a reactive circuit between the feed point and switch and the distance of the ground plane (GND) from the radiator are variables in the antenna design.
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 5/15 - Resonant antennas for operation of centre-fed antennas comprising one or more collinear, substantially straight or elongated active elements
A method and an arrangement for matching the antenna of a radio device in transmitting condition. The antenna impedance in the output of the power amplifier of a transmitter is adjusted by means of a π-shaped reactive matching circuit, the component values of which can be selected from a relatively wide array of the alternatives. The component values are selected by means of the multiple-way switches, which only are located in the transverse branches of the matching circuit. The switches are set (706) by the control unit, input variables of which being the SWR value provided by the directional coupler, the operating band used each time and a value of the transmitting power. The matching is based on an adjusting process to be executed at regular intervals, in which process the control unit tries different combinations of the switch states and finally selects (710) the combina¬ tion, which brings the lowest SWR value. In the beginning of the adjusting process the control unit reduces (705), on grounds of the current values of the input variables, the number of the combinations to be tried. The antenna matching maintains relatively good, although the internal output impedance of the amplifier and the impedance from the output towards the antenna would strive to differ from each other for external reasons, a band changing or a change in the outptut power.
An internal multiband antenna structure intended especially for small radio apparatuses. The radiating structure of the antenna includes anearlyair-insulated first monopole radiator (221) and a second monopole radiator (222) on a ceramic substrate. The former one resonates in the lower operating band of the antenna and the latter in the upper operating band. The antenna structure also has as an essential part amatching circuit (C1, L1, C2, L2), by which a second resonance is realised for the first radiator in addition to matching. The ceramic substrate (210) and the matching circuit are placed ona plastic frame (205) supporting the first radiator or on a small auxiliary plate (215) attached to the frame so that an integrated antenna module (200) is formed. The structure can also have a radiating parasitic element (230) for widening the upper operating band. A relatively wide lower operating band is achieved for the antenna because of the double resonance of the first radiator. A shared feed point (FP) can be used for the radiators, because the matching circuit also functions as a filter, which improves the isolation between the radiators. The effect of the size of the ground plane (GND) of the radio apparatus on the width of the lower operating band is low. The antenna structure can be tested as a stand-alone module.
A dualband dielectric antenna suitable for small radio devices. It has a chip substrate (720) with relatively high permittivity for reducing the size of the antenna. However, only a part (712, 713) of the radiating conductor is on the surface of the chip substrate the other part (711) being located adjacent to it so that the other part is surrounded by a material, the permittivity of which is substantially lower than that of the chip substrate. The surrounding material can be substantially of the material of a dielectric plate, onto which the chip substrate is fastened, or pure air. In the former case the whole substrate of the antenna then has two parts. The efficiency of the antenna improves compared to corresponding known antennas, because part of the radiating conductor travels on a substrate with lower permittivity, compared to the chip substrate. At the same time, the lower band which is in practice relatively narrow can be widened.
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 5/00 - Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
An internal multi-band antenna and a radio device comprising such an antenna. A radiator (320) of the antenna is a conductive part of the outer cover (COV) of a radio device or conductive coating of the cover. The radiator is electromagnetically fed by a feed element (330) which is isolated from the radiator by a relatively thin dielectric layer. The feed element is shaped so that it has, together with the other parts of the antenna, resonance frequencies in the range of at least two desired operating bands. The antenna structure further includes a parasitic tuning element (340) and a switch (SW) by which the tuning element can be coupled to the signal ground (GND) through at least two alternative reactive circuits. The tuning element is dimensioned and placed and the component values of the reactive circuits are chosen so that of two operating bands of the antenna the locations of both are displaced in a desired way when changing the state of the switch. By means of a relatively simple switch arrangement, the antenna can be made to cover the frequency ranges of four systems, and it can also be optimised for each system separately, because its operating bands only cover the range used by one system at a time.
A multi-band antenna and associated apparatus for communication systems and other applications. In one embodiment, a common junction network is provided having a first and a second radiator. The first radiator resonates in a first frequency band. The second radiator resonates in a second frequency band. The first and second frequency bands are different from one another (yet may overlap). A first electrical component is coupled to the common junction network and proximately located to the first radiator. The first electrical component creates a resonance with the common junction network to create a third frequency band proximate to the first frequency band. The first radiator is capable of communicating RF energy in the first frequency band and the third frequency band.
An internal antenna (300) having at least two operating bands especially intended for small radio apparatuses. The antenna comprises a directly fed monopole-type basic element (310) and a short-circuited parasitic element (320). The elements are conductor patterns on the surface of a low-loss and thin substrate (301). Between them, at many different points (31, 32, 33), there is a significant electromagnetic coupling. In addition, both elements have separately adjacent portions between which there is a significant electromagnetic coupling. The elements can be branching, in which case said portions can be located in different branches. The couplings are implemented so that each element together with the other element has at least two usable resonances. The resonances of the antenna are quite independent from each other also at frequencies below 1 GHz, which enables constituting a wide operating band in the range in question covering a frequency range used by more than one system. Furthermore, the antenna is very small-sized, and its feed point (FP) and short-circuit point (SP) can be arranged in the middle area of the structure, the omnidirectionality then being good.
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
A dielectric dual antenna (300) with a dual-band operation for small-sized radio apparatuses comprises one partial antenna (310) to implement the lower operating band of the antenna and the other partial antenna (320) to implement the upper operating band. The partial antennas have a shared feed point (FP) in the antenna structure, e.g., at the end of a radiating element (312) of one partial antenna, in which case the other partial antenna receives its feed galvanically through said radiating element by a short intermediate conductor (332). The partial antennas are located so that their substrates (311, 321 ) are heads face to face, and the main directions of the radiating elements, i.e., the conductive coatings of the substrates, starting from the shared feed point are opposing. The tunings of the partial antennas corresponding to different operating bands are obtained independent from each other without discrete matching components.
A magnetic miniature speaker (230) which has at least one inductive component in series with one end of the coil wire for shifting the resonance frequency of a speaker circuit being located in the radio frequency range. The component(s) is/are supported to the dielectric jacket (234) of the speaker either directly or over a small circuit board (238) fastened to the jacket. Such a speaker can be a part of an integrated antenna module, which has a radiator of the planar antenna of a radio apparatus, and the dielectric part of which functions as both a radiator support and a speaker chamber. Resonances of the speaker circuit, which interfere with the function of the antenna become effectively removed from the operating frequencies of the antenna, because the components of interference elimination are close to the coil of the speaker. Furthermore, there is no need to consider the interference elimination of the antenna in designing the audio part of the circuit board of the radio apparatus, which means savings in the costs of the circuit board.
An antenna (200) of an RFID reader based on the magnetic field, especially intended for mobile stations. The main coil (220) of the antenna is inductively coupled to the feeding source, whereby the main coil becomes galvanically isolated from the source. For this purpose, the antenna structure includes an auxiliary coil (230) and a feed element (240) in addition to the main coil. The auxiliary coil is galvanically connected to the main coil, and there is a relatively strong inductive coupling (M) between the feed element and the auxiliary coil. The feed element is coupled directly to the AC source in the reader, in which case an alternating voltage is induced in the auxiliary coil and an alternating current is generated in it and the main coil. The connection to the RFID tag in the object is provided with the magnetic field corresponding to that current. The reliability of the antenna improves in comparison to the known antennas, because the mechanical junctions that are susceptible to the deterioration of the contact are omitted.
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 1/22 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
G06K 19/077 - Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
An internal monopole antenna especially intended for flat radio devices. The radiator (320) of the antenna is for the most part in one geometrical plane, forming thus a radiation plane. A planar and conductive ground element (330) is added to the antenna below the radiating plane and parallel with it. This is galvanically connected to the ground plane (310) of the radio device through an inductive element (335), which has relatively high impedance at the operating frequencies of the antenna. The radiator has preferably two branches for forming separate operating bands. The antenna is pretuned upwards so that the effect of both the user's tissues and the ground element, which lowers the resonance frequencies, is taken into account. The antenna is installed in the radio device so that in the operating position of the device it is as far as possible from the user's head with the ground element toward the user. The efficiency of the antenna is relatively good when the device is beside the user's head, the SAR value being small at the same time. In addition, the space between the radiator and the ground element can be utilized by placing other components of the radio device in it.
H01Q 5/15 - Resonant antennas for operation of centre-fed antennas comprising one or more collinear, substantially straight or elongated active elements
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
An internal antenna especially aimed at flat radio devices. The antenna comprises a planar radiator (220) with a branch (221 ) for forming a lower operating band for the antenna and a second branch (222) for forming an upper operating band. The branches typically form a frame-like pattern. There remains a slot (230) between the branches, opening to the outer edge of the radiator approximately in the middle of the edge running in the direction of the end of the circuit board (205) and being outside the circuit board as seen from above. The omnidirectional radiation of the antenna on its upper operating band improves as compared to the corresponding, known antennas, and its efficiency improves, because the average antenna gain increases.
An adjustable monopole antenna especially intended for the mobile terminals. The adjusting circuit (930) of the antenna is located between the radiator (920) and the antenna port of a radio device and forms, together with the antenna feed conductor (901), a feed circuit. This circuit comprises an adjustable reactance between the feed conductor and the ground in series with the feed conductor or in both of those places. For example, the feed conductor can be connected by a multi-way switch to one of alternative transmission lines, which are typically short-circuited or open at their tail end and shorter than the quarter wave, each line acting for a certain reactance. The antenna operating band covers at a time only a part of the frequency range used by one or two radio systems, in which case the antenna matching is easier to arrange than of a real broadband antenna. The space required for both the radiator and the adjusting circuit is relatively small. There is no need to arrange a coupling to the radiator for the antenna adjusting, which means a simpler antenna structure and thus savings in production costs.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
38 - Telecommunications services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Scientific, nautical, surveying, photographic,
cinematographic, optical, weighing, measuring, signalling,
checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus
and instruments; apparatus and instruments for conducting,
switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or
controlling electricity; apparatus for recording,
transmission or reproduction of sound or images; magnetic
data carriers, recording discs; automatic vending machines;
mechanisms for coin-operated apparatus; cash registers,
calculating machines, data processing equipment and
computers; fire-extinguishing apparatus. Telecommunications. Scientific and technological services and research and
design relating thereto; industrial analysis and research
services; design and development of computer hardware and
software; legal services.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
38 - Telecommunications services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Scientific, nautical, surveying, photographic, cinematographic, optical, weighing, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling electricity; apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images; magnetic data carriers, recording discs; automatic vending machines and mechanisms for coin-operated apparatus; cash registers, calculating machines, data processing equipment and computers; fire-extinguishing apparatus. Telecommunications. Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto; industrial analysis and research services; design and development of computer hardware and software; legal services.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
38 - Telecommunications services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Scientific, nautical, surveying, photographic, cinematographic, optical, weighing, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling electricity; apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images; magnetic data carriers, recording discs; automatic vending machines and mechanisms for coin-operated apparatus; cash registers, calculating machines, data processing equipment and computers; fire-extinguishing apparatus. Telecommunications. Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto; industrial analysis and research services; design and development of computer hardware and software; legal services.
