The present disclosure provides a method for use in manufacturing a microsystem, the method comprising forming an array of pillars in a thickness of a substrate, an area surrounding the array of pillars defining a cavity in the substrate; transforming at least some of the pillars into a sacrificial material; and depositing a sacrificial material layer using a non-conformal deposition process to fill up the cavity while enclosing hollow channels between the pillars of the pillars array, thereby obtaining a cavity filled with an etching facilitator arrangement.
There is provided an electro-mechanical device comprising a first array comprising a plurality of first actuator elements, and a second array comprising a plurality of second actuator elements, the first array and the second array being located on a same substrate, wherein each of the first actuator elements is not electrically connected to any one of the second actuator elements, wherein control of an application of a voltage to at least one of a moving element or an electrode of an actuator element enables controlling motion of the moving element, wherein the first actuator elements are arranged along NR1 rows and NC1 columns, wherein NR1≥1 and NC1≥1, wherein at least one of NR1 or NC1 is equal to or larger than 2, wherein the second actuators elements are arranged along NR2 rows and NC2 columns, wherein at least one of NR2 or NC2 is equal to or larger than 2.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
H04R 3/12 - Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
The present disclosure provides a method for use in manufacturing a microsystem, the method comprising forming an array of pillars in a thickness of a substrate, an area surrounding the array of pillars defining a cavity in the substrate; transforming at least some of the pillars into a sacrificial material; and depositing a sacrificial material layer using a non-conformal deposition process to fill up the cavity while enclosing hollow channels between the pillars of the pillars array, thereby obtaining a cavity filled with an etching facilitator arrangement.
Actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a sampling clock, the apparatus comprising at least one actuator device, each actuator device including an array of moving elements, wherein each individual moving element is operative to be constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis responsive to an individual first electrostatic force operative thereupon, wherein each moving element has an at-rest position and is driven away from its at rest position solely by the first electrostatic force; and at least one electrode operative to apply a controlled temporal sequence of potential differences with at least one individual moving element from among the array of moving elements thereby to selectably generate the first electrostatic force; and a controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control at least one of the at least one electrode and the individual moving element to apply the sequence of potential differences.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
A system includes an apparatus and a processor. The apparatus includes a set of actuator elements that move between two positions. Each actuator element is comprised in: exactly one first subset out of a plurality of non-empty first subsets and exactly one second subset out of a plurality of non-empty second subsets. The processor is configured to generate one or more control commands for a group of subsets out of the first and the second pluralities of subsets in response to a number of moving elements which, if released from the first extreme position during a second sampling cycle, enables production by the apparatus during the second sampling cycle of a sound.
According to some embodiments there is provided a sound and detection system comprising at least a digital sound reconstruction speaker apparatus, comprising a plurality of pressure-pulse producing elements, and at least a controlling unit configured to control the actuation of the plurality of pressure-pulse producing elements, so as to produce at least an ultrasonic beam directed towards space during at least a first time interval, for the calculation of at least the position of at least part of an object present in space based on the sensing of at least ultrasonic sound waves reflected by said part of the object, and control the actuation of the plurality of pressure-pulse producing elements, so as to produce audible content during at least a second time interval. Various other systems, methods and applications are described.
G01S 15/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 15/88 - Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
There is provided a piezo-electric actuator comprising an assembly comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and at least one piezoelectric layer located between said first electrode and said second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is split into at least two different sub-electrodes, wherein at least part of the assembly is configured to move along an axis perpendicular to a surface of the assembly, in response to an electrical stimulus applied to at least one of said first and second electrodes.
H01L 27/20 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including magnetostrictive components
H01L 41/083 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements having a stacked or multilayer structure
H01L 41/297 - Individual layer electrodes of multilayered piezo-electric or electrostrictive parts
H01L 41/293 - Connection electrodes of multilayered piezo-electric or electrostrictive parts
H01L 41/273 - Manufacturing multilayered piezo-electric or electrostrictive devices or parts thereof, e.g. by stacking piezo-electric bodies and electrodes by integrally sintering piezo-electric or electrostrictive bodies and electrodes
H01L 41/09 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements with electrical input and mechanical output
B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
B81B 3/00 - Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
A system includes an apparatus and a processor. The apparatus includes a set of actuator elements that move between two positions. Each actuator element is comprised in: exactly one first subset out of a plurality of non-empty first subsets and exactly one second subset out of a plurality of non-empty second subsets. The processor is configured to generate one or more control commands for a group of subsets out of the first and the second pluralities of subsets in response to a number of moving elements which, if released from the first extreme position during a second sampling cycle, enables production by the apparatus during the second sampling cycle of a sound.
A system for spectacles, equipped with a digital sound reconstruction speaker chip, an energy storage device, a controller, and conductors configured to connect the digital sound reconstruction speaker chip to the controller and the controller to the energy storage device, wherein the controller is configured to control audio content produced by the digital sound reconstruction speaker chip, for supplying audio content to a user of the spectacles, the controlling comprising controlling at least directivity of sound waves produced by the digital sound reconstruction speaker chip. A manufacturing method for spectacles comprising at least one temple and one or more cavities, the method comprising inserting a controller, an energy storage device and at least one digital sound reconstruction speaker chip within the one or more cavities, wherein the controller is configured to control audio content produced by the digital sound reconstruction speaker chip, the controlling comprising controlling at least directivity of sound waves produced by the digital sound reconstruction speaker chip.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
A microelectromechanical apparatus for generating a physical effect, including an array of moving elements, each coupled to a mechanical support by at least one flexure which is associated with at least one piezoelectric member which is operable to be strained by an electrical field applied to the piezoelectric member, thereby flexing the flexure to which the piezoelectric member is coupled; an electrical wiring, including a group of electrodes, wherein each electrode out of the group of electrodes is coupled to at least one of the piezoelectric members; wherein the electrical wiring is operable to concurrently transfer different sequences of electric fields to different piezoelectric members, thereby controllably inducing movement of moving elements of the array for creating the physical effect; and a motion restriction mechanism for maintaining a maximal motion distance for each of the moving elements when actuated via the corresponding flexure and piezoelectric member.
H01L 41/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - Details thereof - Details of piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
H01L 41/08 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements
H01L 41/09 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements with electrical input and mechanical output
17.
DSR SPEAKER ELEMENTS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF
There is provided a DSR speaker comprising at least a central moving element, a plurality of peripheral flexure benders, each flexure bender comprising at least a pair of electrodes and at least a piezoelectric material layer, the flexure benders being connected to said moving element and being configured to move said moving element along an axis perpendicular to a moving element surface, in response to an electrical stimulus applied to said electrodes, in order to produce sound, and at least a mechanical stopper which is configured to limit the motion of said moving element. Various manufacturing methods are also described.
Apparatus for generating a target physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically, the apparatus comprising a multiplicity of electrostatic actuator elements, each comprising a moving element moving between first and second electrodes, the multiplicity of electrostatic actuator elements including Nr first subsets (R-subsets) of actuator elements and Nc second subsets (C-subsets) of actuator elements, wherein a first partitioning of the multiplicity of actuator elements yields the Nr first subsets (R-subsets) and a second partitioning of the multiplicity of actuator elements yields the Nc second subsets (C-subsets); a first plurality of Nr electrical connections (R-wires) interconnecting the moving elements of actuator elements in each R-subset, such that the moving element of any actuator element in each individual R-subset is electrically connected to the moving elements of all other actuator elements in the individual R-subset, and electrically isolated from the moving elements of all actuator elements not in the individual R-subset; a second plurality of Nc electrical connections (A-wires) interconnecting the first electrodes of actuator elements in each C-subset, such that the first electrode of any actuator element in each individual C-subset is electrically connected to the first electrode of all other actuator elements in the individual C-subset, and electrically isolated from all actuator elements not in the individual C-subset; a third plurality of Nc electrical connections (B-wires) interconnecting the second electrodes of actuator elements in each C-subset, such that the second electrode of any actuator element in each individual C-subset is electrically connected to the second electrode of all other actuator elements in the individual C-subset, and electrically isolated from all actuator elements not in the individual C-subset; and a controller electrically.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
H02N 1/00 - Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
H04R 3/12 - Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
19.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETECTING AT LEAST THE POSITION OF AN OBJECT IN SPACE
According to some embodiments there is provided a sound and detection system comprising at least a digital sound reconstruction speaker apparatus, comprising a plurality of pressure-pulse producing elements, and at least a controlling unit configured to control the actuation of the plurality of pressure-pulse producing elements, so as to produce at least an ultrasonic beam directed towards space during at least a first time interval, for the calculation of at least the position of at least part of an object present in space based on the sensing of at least ultrasonic sound waves reflected by said part of the object, and control the actuation of the plurality of pressure-pulse producing elements, so as to produce audible content during at least a second time interval. Various other systems, methods and applications are described.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
Actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a sampling clock, the apparatus comprising at least one actuator device, each actuator device including an array of moving elements, wherein each individual moving element is operative to be constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis responsive to an individual first electrostatic force operative thereupon, wherein each moving element has an at-rest position and is driven away from its at rest position solely by the first electrostatic force; and at least one electrode operative to apply a controlled temporal sequence of potential differences with at least one individual moving element from among the array of moving elements thereby to selectably generate the first electrostatic force; and a controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control at least one of the at least one electrode and the individual moving element to apply the sequence of potential differences.
H04R 3/12 - Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
The present disclosure provides a method for testing an apparatus which comprises a set of operational subunits each comprising a moving element, wherein the moving elements move between respective first and second extreme positions, the method comprising: transferring to the apparatus stabilization control commands; transferring to the apparatus first latching-commands for latching to the first extreme position a candidate moving element which is a moving element of a candidate operational subunit; when the first latching control commands are in effect, measuring a first output frequency of an oscillator whose output is coupled to the candidate operational subunit in an electrical coupling setup which causes the output frequency of the oscillator to depend on positions of a plurality of moving elements which comprises the candidate moving element; and based on the first output frequency determining a state of the candidate operational subunit.
A system includes an apparatus and a processor. The apparatus includes a set of actuator elements that move between two positions. Each actuator element is comprised in: exactly one first subset out of a plurality of non-empty first subsets and exactly one second subset out of a plurality of non-empty second subsets. The processor is configured to generate one or more control commands for a group of subsets out of the first and the second pluralities of subsets in response to a number of moving elements which, if released from the first extreme position during a second sampling cycle, enables production by the apparatus during the second sampling cycle of a sound.
A system which controls a group of multiple arrays of actuator elements, each of the actuator elements including a moving element which moves between a first and a second extreme positions; the system including: a controller, configured to generate control commands for at least one array of the multiple arrays in each individual cycle out of a series of sampling cycles, based on obtained information; and (b) an interface configured to transfer the control commands to the at least one array, thereby resulting in releasing from the first extreme position during the intended cycle of at least one moving element that is included in the at least one array; wherein release of all moving elements of at least one restrained array out of the multiple arrays is prevented during the intended cycle.
An actuation system for generating a physical effect, the system comprising at least one array of translating elements each constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis, toward first and second extreme positions respectively, in response to activation of first and second forces respectively; and a controller operative to use the first and second forces to selectably latch at least one subset of said translating elements into the first and second extreme positions respectively.
H02K 41/03 - Synchronous motorsMotors moving step by stepReluctance motors
H02N 13/00 - Clutches or holding devices using electrostatic attraction, e.g. using Johnson-Rahbek effect
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
H04R 3/12 - Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
A microelectromechanical apparatus for generating a physical effect, including an array of moving elements, each coupled to a mechanical support by at least one flexure which is associated with at least one piezoelectric member which is operable to be strained by an electrical field applied to the piezoelectric member, thereby flexing the flexure to which the piezoelectric member is coupled; an electrical wiring, including a group of electrodes, wherein each electrode out of the group of electrodes is coupled to at least one of the piezoelectric members; wherein the electrical wiring is operable to concurrently transfer different sequences of electric fields to different piezoelectric members, thereby controllably inducing movement of moving elements of the array for creating the physical effect; and a motion restriction mechanism for maintaining a maximal motion distance for each of the moving elements when actuated via the corresponding flexure and piezoelectric member.
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
26.
Microelectromechanical apparatus for generating a physical effect
A microelectromechanical apparatus for generating a physical effect, including an array of moving elements, each coupled to a mechanical support by at least one flexure which is associated with at least one piezoelectric member which is operable to be strained by an electrical field applied to the piezoelectric member, thereby flexing the flexure to which the piezoelectric member is coupled; an electrical wiring, including a group of electrodes, wherein each electrode out of the group of electrodes is coupled to at least one of the piezoelectric members; wherein the electrical wiring is operable to concurrently transfer different sequences of electric fields to different piezoelectric members, thereby controllably inducing movement of moving elements of the array for creating the physical effect; and a motion restriction mechanism for maintaining a maximal motion distance for each of the moving elements when actuated via the corresponding flexure and piezoelectric member.
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
27.
Speaker apparatus and methods useful in conjunction therewith
An actuation system for generating a physical effect, the system comprising at least one array of translating elements each constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis, toward first and second extreme positions respectively, in response to activation of first and second forces respectively; and a controller operative to use the first and second forces to selectably latch at least one subset of said translating elements into the first and second extreme positions respectively.
H02K 41/03 - Synchronous motorsMotors moving step by stepReluctance motors
H02N 13/00 - Clutches or holding devices using electrostatic attraction, e.g. using Johnson-Rahbek effect
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
A microelectromechanical system, including a first element and a second element, the first element having a first conductive surface facing a second conductive surface of the second element; wherein at least one of the first element and the second element is operable to constrainedly move nearer and farther from the other element; and at least one insulating separating member which is operable to mechanically maintain a separation between the first surface and the second surface, wherein a minimal distance between a first projection of a first contact area of the insulating separating member and a second projection of a second contact area of the insulating separating member is larger than a minimal separation maintained by the insulating separating member between the first element and the second element.
The present disclosure provides a method for testing an apparatus which comprises a set of operational subunits each comprising a moving element, wherein the moving elements move between respective first and second extreme positions, the method comprising: transferring to the apparatus stabilization control commands; transferring to the apparatus first latching-commands for latching to the first extreme position a candidate moving element which is a moving element of a candidate operational subunit; when the first latching control commands are in effect, measuring a first output frequency of an oscillator whose output is coupled to the candidate operational subunit in an electrical coupling setup which causes the output frequency of the oscillator to depend on positions of a plurality of moving elements which comprises the candidate moving element; and based on the first output frequency determining a state of the candidate operational subunit.
A system which controls an apparatus which comprises a set of actuator elements, each comprising a moving element which moves between first and second extreme positions, wherein each actuator element of the set is comprised in: (a) exactly one first subset out of a plurality of non-empty first subsets (R- subsets) of the set of actuator elements; and (b) exactly one second subset out of a plurality of non-empty second subsets (C-subsets) of the set of actuator elements.
A system which controls a group of multiple arrays of actuator elements, each of the actuator elements including a moving element which moves between a first and a second extreme positions; the system including: a controller, configured to generate control commands for at least one array of the multiple arrays in each individual cycle out of a series of sampling cycles, based on obtained information; and (b) an interface configured to transfer the control commands to the at least one array, thereby resulting in releasing from the first extreme position during the intended cycle of at least one moving element that is included in the at least one array; wherein release of all moving elements of at least one restrained array out of the multiple arrays is prevented during the intended cycle.
Apparatus for generating a target physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically, the apparatus comprising a multiplicity of electrostatic actuator elements, each comprising a moving element moving between first and second electrodes, the multiplicity of electrostatic actuator elements including Nr first subsets (R-subsets) of actuator elements and Nc second subsets (C-subsets) of actuator elements, wherein a first partitioning of the multiplicity of actuator elements yields the Nr first subsets (R-subsets) and a second partitioning of the multiplicity of actuator elements yields the Nc second subsets (C-subsets); a first plurality of Nr electrical connections (R-wires) interconnecting the moving elements of actuator elements in each R-subset, such that the moving element of any actuator element in each individual R-subset is electrically connected to the moving elements of all other actuator elements in the individual R-subset, and electrically isolated from the moving elements of all actuator elements not in the individual R-subset; a second plurality of Nc electrical connections (A-wires) interconnecting the first electrodes of actuator elements in each C-subset, such that the first electrode of any actuator element in each individual C-subset is electrically connected to the first electrode of all other actuator elements in the individual C-subset, and electrically isolated from all actuator elements not in the individual C-subset; a third plurality of Nc electrical connections (B-wires) interconnecting the second electrodes of actuator elements in each C-subset, such that the second electrode of any actuator element in each individual C-subset is electrically connected to the second electrode of all other actuator elements in the individual C-subset, and electrically isolated from all actuator elements not in the individual C-subset; and a controller electrically connected to the first, second and third pluralities of electrical connections, operative to receive a digital input signal, and to apply one of a predetermined, finite set of electric potentials to each of said electrical connections respectively, such that resulting movements of the moving elements together produce the desired physical effect.
H02N 1/00 - Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
An actuator apparatus is provided that includes at least one actuator device, each actuator device including an array of moving elements, each individual moving element is operative to be constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis responsive to an individual first electrostatic force operative thereupon, wherein each moving element has an at-rest position and is driven away from its at rest position solely by the first electrostatic force; and at least one electrode operative to apply a controlled temporal sequence of potential differences with at least one individual moving element from among the array of moving elements thereby to selectably generate the first electrostatic force; and a controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control at least one of the at least one electrode and the individual moving element to apply the sequence of potential differences.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
Apparatus for generating a target physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically, the apparatus comprising a multiplicity of electrostatic actuator elements, each comprising a moving element moving between first and second electrodes, the multiplicity of electrostatic actuator elements including Nr first subsets (R-subsets) of actuator elements and Nc second subsets (C-subsets) of actuator elements, wherein a first partitioning of the multiplicity of actuator elements yields the Nr first subsets (R-subsets) and a second partitioning of the multiplicity of actuator elements yields the Nc second subsets (C-subsets); a first plurality of Nr electrical connections (R-wires) interconnecting the moving elements of actuator elements in each R-subset, such that the moving element of any actuator element in each individual R-subset is electrically connected to the moving elements of all other actuator elements in the individual R- subset, and electrically isolated from the moving elements of all actuator elements not in the individual R-subset; a second plurality of Nc electrical connections (A-wires) interconnecting the first electrodes of actuator elements in each C-subset, such that the first electrode of any actuator element in each individual C-subset is electrically connected to the first electrode of all other actuator elements in the individual C-subset, and electrically isolated from all actuator elements not in the individual C-subset; a third plurality of Nc electrical connections (B-wires) interconnecting the second electrodes of actuator elements in each C-subset, such that the second electrode of any actuator element in each individual C-subset is electrically connected to the second electrode of all other actuator elements in the individual C-subset, and electrically isolated from all actuator elements not in the individual C-subset; and a controller electrically connected to the first, second and third pluralities of electrical connections, operative to receive a digital input signal, and to apply one of a predetermined, finite set of electric potentials to each of said electrical connections respectively, such that resulting movements of the moving elements together produce the desired physical effect.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
35.
Apparatus and methods for generating pressure waves
Actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a clock, the apparatus comprising at least one array of moving elements each constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis in response to an alternating electromagnetic force applied to the array of moving elements, at least one latch operative to selectively latch at least one subset of said moving elements in at least one latching position thereby to prevent the individual moving elements from responding to the electromagnetic force, an electromagnetic field control system operative to receive the clock and, accordingly, to control application of the electromagnetic force to the array of moving elements, and a latch controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control the latch accordingly.
A method for fabricating flat loudspeakers comprising manufacturing a flat loudspeaker including at least one microspeaker array, having first and second main surfaces; and covering at least one of the main surfaces of the loudspeaker with a cover member including an airtight sound-pressure wave transparent thin polymer film.
Actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a sampling clock, the apparatus comprising at least one actuator device, each actuator device including an array of moving elements, wherein each individual moving element is operative to be constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis responsive to an individual first electrostatic force operative thereupon, wherein each moving element has an at-rest position and is driven away from its at rest position solely by the first electrostatic force; and at least one electrode operative to apply a controlled temporal sequence of potential differences with at least one individual moving element from among the array of moving elements thereby to selectably generate the first electrostatic force; and a controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control at least one of the at least one electrode and the individual moving element to apply the sequence of potential differences.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
An actuation system for generating a physical effect, the system comprising at least one array of translating elements each constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis, toward first and second extreme positions respectively, in response to activation of first and second forces respectively; and a controller operative to use the first and second forces to selectably latch at least one subset of said translating elements into the first and second extreme positions respectively.
A method for fabricating flat loudspeakers comprising manufacturing a flat loudspeaker including at least one microspeaker array, having first and second main surfaces; and covering at least one of the main surfaces of the loudspeaker with a cover member including an airtight sound-pressure wave transparent thin polymer film.
Direct digital speaker apparatus receiving a digital input signal and generating sound accordingly, the apparatus comprising an array of pressure-producing elements and a controller operative to compute a timing pattern determining if and when each pressure-producing element is actuated so as to achieve a desired directivity pattern.
Actuator apparatus comprising at least one moving elements, each comprising comb drive apparatus including at least first and second comb elements at least one of which is free to be in motion in a medium, and a controller controlling the motion responsive to an input signal representing a desired sound.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
A system that includes a direct digital speaker volume control device configured to be coupled to a direct digital speaker. The direct digital speaker includes many pressure producing elements being adapted to generate a sound at a sound pressure level (SPL) and at a given frequency in response to an input signal, without using digital to analog converter. The direct digital speaker inherently exhibits a frequency response throughout its entire frequency range. The direct digital speaker volume control device includes a module for providing few filters each having a distinct cutoff frequency such that each filter exhibits no attenuation below its cutoff frequency and an attenuation response above the filter's cutoff frequency. And a selector for selecting one of the filters according to a selection criterion that depends on a desired volume and frequency of generated sound, and applying the filter to the input signal for generating a filtered signal that fed to the speaker.
Actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a clock, the apparatus comprising at least one array of moving elements each constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis in response to an alternating electromagnetic force applied to the array of moving elements, at least one latch operative to selectively latch at least one subset of said moving elements in at least on latching position there by to prevent the individual moving elements from responding to the electromagnetic force, an electromagnetic field control system operative to receive the clock and, accordingly, to control application of the electromagnetic force to the array of moving elements and a latch controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control the latch accordingly.
An actuation system for generating a physical effect, the system comprising at least one array of translating elements each constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis, toward first and second extreme positions respectively, in response to activation of first and second forces respectively; and a controller operative to use the first and second forces to selectably latch at least one subset of said translating elements into the first and second extreme positions respectively.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
H04R 3/12 - Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
H02K 33/16 - Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with polarised armatures moving in alternate directions by reversal or energisation of a single coil system
H02N 13/00 - Clutches or holding devices using electrostatic attraction, e.g. using Johnson-Rahbek effect
45.
APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR GENERATING PRESSURE WAVES
Actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a clock, the apparatus comprising at least one array of moving elements each constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis in response to an alternating electromagnetic force applied to the array of moving elements, at least one latch operative to selectively latch at least one subset of said moving elements in at least one latching position thereby to prevent the individual moving elements from responding to the electromagnetic force, an electromagnetic field control system operative to receive the clock and, accordingly, to control application of the electromagnetic force to the array of moving elements, and a latch controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control the latch accordingly.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
H04R 9/04 - Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
H02K 33/16 - Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with polarised armatures moving in alternate directions by reversal or energisation of a single coil system
H02N 13/00 - Clutches or holding devices using electrostatic attraction, e.g. using Johnson-Rahbek effect
H02K 7/10 - Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
H02K 16/00 - Machines with more than one rotor or stator
46.
DIRECT DIGITAL SPEAKER APPARATUS HAVING A DESIRED DIRECTIVITY PATTERN
Direct digital speaker apparatus receiving a digital input signal and generating sound accordingly, the apparatus comprising an array of pressure-producing elements and a controller operative to compute a timing pattern determining if and when each pressure-producing element is actuated so as to achieve a desired directivity pattern.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
H04R 3/12 - Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
H02K 33/16 - Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with polarised armatures moving in alternate directions by reversal or energisation of a single coil system
H02N 13/00 - Clutches or holding devices using electrostatic attraction, e.g. using Johnson-Rahbek effect
H02K 7/10 - Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
H02K 16/00 - Machines with more than one rotor or stator
47.
VOLUME AND TONE CONTROL IN DIRECT DIGITAL SPEAKERS
A system that includes a direct digital speaker volume control device configured to be coupled to a direct digital speaker. The direct digital speaker include many pressure producing elements being adapted to generate a sound at a sound pressure level (SPL) and at a given frequency in response to an input signal, without using digital to analog converter. The direct digital speaker inherently exhibits a frequency response throughout its entire frequency range. The direct digital speaker volume control device includes a module for providing few filters each having a distinct cutoff frequency such that each filter exhibits no attenuation below its cutoff frequency and an attenuation response above the filter's cutoff frequency. And a selector for selecting one of the filters according to a selection criterion that depends on a desired volume and frequency of generated sound, and applying the filter to the input signal for generating a filtered signal that fed to the speaker.
Actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a clock, the apparatus comprising at least one actuator device, each actuating device including an array of moving elements, at least one latch operative to selectively latch at least one subset of the moving elements in to prevent moving elements from responding to electro magnetic force, a magnetic field control system operative to receive the clock and, accordingly, to control application of the electro magnetic force to the array of moving elements, and a latch controller wherein the magnetic field control system comprises a magnetic field generator and a magnetic field controller controlling the generator and wherein the array of moving elements is partitioned into a plurality of sets of moving elements and the magnetic field generator comprises a corresponding plurality of current bearing elements each providing a magnetic field having a shape across a corresponding set of moving elements, wherein all of the shapes are generally equal and each is divergent along each of the axes of the moving elements in the set.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
H04R 9/04 - Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
H02K 33/16 - Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with polarised armatures moving in alternate directions by reversal or energisation of a single coil system
H02N 13/00 - Clutches or holding devices using electrostatic attraction, e.g. using Johnson-Rahbek effect
H02K 7/10 - Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
H02K 16/00 - Machines with more than one rotor or stator
49.
APPARATUS FOR GENERATING PRESSURE AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF
Methods for manufacturing actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a clock, the apparatus comprising at least one actuator device, the methods comprising manufacturing at least one actuator device including providing an array of moving elements, wherein each individual moving element is responsive to alternating magnetic fields and is constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis responsive to an electromagnetic force operative thereupon when in the presence of an alternating magnetic field, providing at least one latch operative to selectively latch at least one subset of the moving elements in at least one latching position thereby to prevent the individual moving elements from responding to the electromagnetic force, providing a magnetic field control system operative to receive the clock and, accordingly, to control application of the electromagnetic force to the array of moving elements, and providing a latch controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control the at least one latch accordingly.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
H04R 3/12 - Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
H02K 33/16 - Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with polarised armatures moving in alternate directions by reversal or energisation of a single coil system
H02N 13/00 - Clutches or holding devices using electrostatic attraction, e.g. using Johnson-Rahbek effect
B81C 3/00 - Assembling of devices or systems from individually processed components
B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
