Systems and methods for upgrading a hydrocarbon stream to a lower boiling point hydrocarbon feed material are disclosed. The system includes a feeding device to transport a hydrocarbon stream that includes an alternative feedstock. The hydrocarbon stream is partially cracked in a first cracking unit producing a lower boiling point hydrocarbon feed material, a catalyst rich heavy hydrocarbon stream, and coke. A slurry settler receives the catalyst rich heavy hydrocarbon stream and coke and separates the catalyst from the catalyst rich heavy hydrocarbon stream thereby defining a catalyst rich stream and a heavy hydrocarbon stream. A coking vessel receives the heavy hydrocarbon stream and coke and separates the heavy hydrocarbons from the coke thereby defining a heavy hydrocarbon stream. Finally, a second cracking unit that receives the lower boiling point feed material from the first cracking unit and produces olefins and aromatics.
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/22 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
2.
PROCESS FOR CONVERSION OF WASTE PLASTICS INTO CHEMICALS
The present invention relates to a process for the conversion of plastics to chemicals comprising in this order the steps of: (i) providing a plastics stream (A) comprising polyvinyl chloride (PVC); (ii) supplying the plastics stream (A) and a solvent (S) to a reactor vessel (1); (iii) subjecting the plastics in the reactor vessel to a temperature of ≥250° C. to <350, preferably of ≥275° C. and ≤325° C., preferably for a period of 5-30 minutes, under applying a vacuum, preferably of ≤200 mbar, or using an inert gas sweep, and evacuating the generated hydrogen chloride (B) from the vessel, wherein the PVC is partially dechlorinated to form a plastics stream (C) comprising partially unsaturated PVC; (iv) removing the plastics stream (C) comprising partially unsaturated PVC from the reaction vessel; (v) separating in a separation system (2) at least a part of the partially unsaturated PVC from the plastics stream to form a dechlorinated plastics stream (D) comprising the solvent; (vi) supplying the stream (D) comprising the solvent and the dechlorinated plastics to a solvent recovery system to recover the solvent and obtain a dechlorinated plastics stream (E); (vii) mixing the stream (E) with a recycle stream from a coker (K) to form a pre-feed stream (F); (viii) mixing the stream (F) with a coker feed (G) to product a feed stream (H) that meets the chlorine specifications for a coker unit (4); and (ix) subjecting the coker unit (4) to such conditions to obtain a liquid coker stream (I) and a solid coke product (L). Such process allows for the conversion of plastic compositions comprising PVC into chemical products that are suitable for renewed use as raw materials in for example the production of high-quality polymer materials, thereby contributing to improvement of circular use of plastic materials.
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
A thermoplastic composition including 40 to 70 weight percent of a polycarbonate; 15 to 50 weight percent of a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer; 4 to 8 weight percent of a polyetherimide-polysiloxane copolymer; 1 to 8 weight percent of a mineral filler; and 2 to 5 weight percent of a phosphorous-containing flame retardant; wherein the weight percentages are based on the total weight of the thermoplastic composition.
An emulsion polymerization process of manufacturing a graft polymer composition with a reduced residual monomer content includes feeding a vinyl aromatic monomer, an unsaturated nitrile, and a first portion of an initiator to a reactor having a temperature of 50 to 63° C., the reactor containing an initial reaction system comprising water and a diene emulsion. After 10% to 35% of the first portion of the initiator has been added, the reactor temperature is increased to 65 to 85° C. The polymerization reaction runs for 0 to 30 minutes, then a second portion of the initiator and a third monomer are added, and the reaction is allowed to proceed for a second non-charging reaction time to produce the graft polymer composition. In the process, the vinyl aromatic monomer and the unsaturated nitrile are fed to the reactor in 10 to 40 minutes. The process time can be less than 145 minutes.
C08F 279/02 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds as defined in group on to polymers of conjugated dienes
The invention is directed to sulfonate esterified phosphazene compounds, which include cyclic, linear, or cross-linked, phosphazene compounds. The invention further relates to methods of preparing such sulfonate esterified phosphazene compounds and to polymer compositions comprising the phosphazene compounds. The invention also relates to articles comprising such polymer compositions and to the use of such sulfonate esterified phosphazene compounds for improving the fire retardancy properties of polymer compositions.
The invention relates to a bicomponent fiber comprising a first polymer component and a second polymer component, wherein the first component comprises a polypropylene composition and the second component comprises a polyethylene composition and a polyethylene wax, wherein the polyethylene composition has a melt flow index measured according to ISO1133-1:2011 at 190 ⁰C and 2.16 kg of 0.1 to 15 dg/min and comprises high density polyethylene (HDPE) and/or linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE).
D01F 8/06 - Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, man-made filaments or the likeManufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
D04H 1/541 - Composite fibres e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-sideMixed fibres
D04H 3/16 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
7.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CARBON-FREE GENERATION OF POWER AND HYDROGEN IN VARIABLE COMBINATIONS
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
F01K 25/10 - Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided forPlants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
F01K 23/10 - Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
8.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF VALORIZATION OF MIXED WASTE PLASTIC OIL TO LIGHT OLEFINS VIA A CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESS ALONG WITH NAPHTHA AS A CO-FEED/BLEND
The disclosure provides processes and systems for fluid catalytic cracking of feed streams including hydrocarbons and varying amounts of mixed waste plastic oil to produce valuable petroleum products, such as light olefins and aromatics. The processes generally include providing a waste plastic pyrolysis oil, treating the waste pyrolysis oil reduce a content of one or more of silicon, chlorine, nitrogen, sulfur, and higher olefin components, providing a hydrocarbon stream, combining the hydrocarbon stream with the waste plastic pyrolysis oil to provide a combined feed stream, and feeding the combined feed stream to a fluid catalytic cracking unit having a catalytic cracking catalyst containing a mixture of HZSM-5 and USY.
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
9.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REMOVAL OF CONTAMINANTS FROM PYROLYSIS OIL DURING TRANSPORT
Provided here are methods and systems for treatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock fluid during transportation to reduce contaminants harmful to refinery cracking units. Methods include transporting a contaminated hydrocarbon feedstock fluid in a transport container outfitted with removable units containing an adsorbent. The removable units can be exchanged to provide fresh adsorbent, or configured to treat specific contaminants present in the hydrocarbon feedstock fluid.
The invention provides a system for removing an acid gas from syngas with enhanced heat recovery, the system including an acid gas absorber containing a solvent and having an inlet positioned to receive a syngas stream, the acid gas absorber producing an acid gas enriched solvent effluent; a first heat exchanger positioned to exchange heat between the syngas stream upstream of the acid gas absorber and the acid gas enriched solvent effluent; and an acid gas stripper positioned to receive the acid gas enriched solvent effluent from the first heat exchanger, the acid gas stripper producing a lean solvent effluent having reduced acid gas content. The invention also provides a method for removing an acid gas from syngas with enhanced heat recovery, which involves heating an acid gas enriched solvent effluent through heat exchange with a syngas stream upstream of an acid gas absorber.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
11.
METHOD FOR PREDICTING PERFORMANCE DROP OF A COMMERCIAL ALKANE DEHYDROGENATION UNIT AND OPTIMIZING RUN DURATION
A process for operating a chemical process includes deriving coefficients for a process performance model from historical feed data and historical production data; formulating the process performance model using the coefficients; determining a predicted change in production of a product of the chemical process using the process performance model; and changing a processing parameter of the chemical process based on economic data and the predicted change in production of the product of the chemical process.
Systems and methods for removing contaminants from pyrolysis oil are disclosed. The removal of the contaminants, such as chlorides, involves mixing the pyrolysis oil with char, in a mixing unit, wherein the char was formed as a by-product of the pyrolysis of plastic to produce pyoil.
C10G 55/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
An oxidative methane coupling (OCM) reactor has a reactor vessel that defines a reactor vessel interior. The reactor vessel having opposite ends and a central longitudinal axis that extends between the opposite ends. A catalyst bed assembly is positioned within the reactor vessel interior having a catalyst bed containing a layer of OCM catalyst of a uniform thickness. The catalyst bed assembly divides the reactor vessel interior into an upstream zone and a downstream zone. The catalyst bed has an upstream face for receiving the one or more flowing feed gases of methane and oxygen gas as a flowing mixture from the upstream zone. The upstream face of the catalyst bed is configured to have a total area that exceeds the largest transverse cross-sectional area of the interior of the reactor vessel that is perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the reactor vessel. The catalyst bed assembly is configured so that any portion of the flowing mixture passes from the upstream zone to the downstream zone through a single catalyst bed of the catalyst bed assembly.
C07C 2/84 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation of hydrocarbons with partial elimination of hydrogen oxidative coupling catalytic
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
The disclosure provides a catalyst reaction mixture including a ligand having a backbone with at least one phosphorus atom and at least one nitrogen atom, a chromium compound, and a solvent mixture including decalin and at least one additional solvent, wherein the solvent mixture comprises decalin in an amount of less than 20 wt. % and, optionally, perhydroindane in an amount of 50 wt. % or less, based on the total weight of the solvent mixture. A method of forming a linear alpha olefin through ethylene oligomerization is also provided, the method including contacting ethylene gas with a reaction mixture in a reactor, the reaction mixture including the catalyst reaction mixture of the disclosure; and withdrawing a product stream including at least one linear alpha olefin, such as 1-butene, 1-hexene, or 1-octene, from the reactor.
The invention relates to a bicomponent fiber comprising a first component having a melt flow index MFI1 determined according to ISO 1133-1:2011 at 230 ⁰C and 2.16 kg and comprising a first polypropylene homopolymer having a Z-average molecular weight Mz1, weight average molecular weight Mw1 and number average molecular weight Mn1 and a second component having a melt flow index MFI2 determined according to ISO 1133-1:2011 at 230 ⁰C and 2.16 kg and comprising a second polypropylene homopolymer having a Z-average molecular weight Mz2, weight average molecular weight Mw2 and number average molecular weight Mn2, 10 wherein the ratio of MFI1 to MFI2 is 0.85 to 1.14, Mz1 is at least 610,000, Mw1/Mn1 is 4.5 to 6.5 and Mw1/Mn1-Mw2/Mn2 is 0.5 to 2.0.
D01F 8/06 - Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, man-made filaments or the likeManufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
D01D 5/22 - Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structureFormation of filaments, threads, or the like with a special structure to simulate wool
D04H 3/16 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
D04H 1/541 - Composite fibres e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-sideMixed fibres
The invention relates to a bicomponent fiber comprising a first component comprising a first polypropylene homopolymer and a second component comprising a second polypropylene homopolymer and an additive selected from the group consisting of talc, a cyclic dicarboxylate salt compound, a phosphoric acid ester compound and a sorbitol derivative and combinations thereof, wherein the amount of said additive with respect to the second component is 50 to 3000 ppm, wherein the first component has a melt flow index MFI1 determined according to ISO 1133-1:2011 at 230 ⁰C and 2.16 kg and the second component has a melt flow index MFI2 determined according to ISO 1133-1:2011 at 230 ⁰C and 2.16 kg of MFI2 and the difference between MFI1 and MFI2 is 0.0 to 25.0 dg/min.
D01F 8/06 - Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, man-made filaments or the likeManufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
D01D 5/22 - Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structureFormation of filaments, threads, or the like with a special structure to simulate wool
D04H 3/16 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
A fertilizer composition comprising a solidified nitrogen fertilizer melt, said melt comprising one or more cyclodextrin inhibitor inclusion complexes comprising at least one c cyclodextrin and/or derivative thereof complexed with an inhibitor, and methods for producing and using the same are disclosed. The inhibitor comprises at least one nitrification inhibitor and/or at least one urease inhibitor. The one or more cyclodextrin-inhibitor inclusion complexes is homogeneously dispersed throughout the solidified nitrogen fertilizer melt.
C05G 3/90 - Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specifically fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
C05G 5/40 - Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
18.
TURBINE-POWERED AIR COMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY FOR A SYSTEM FOR DEHYDROGENATION OF A HYDROCARBON
The present disclosure provides a turbine-powered air compressor assembly, which includes a gas turbine having a first dual-end power shaft and a startup motor having a second dual-end power shaft with a power shaft end facing the gas turbine and a power shaft end distal from the gas turbine. The assembly also includes a first air compressor, the gas turbine being drivingly connected to the first air compressor. The power shaft end distal from the gas turbine of the startup motor is drivingly connected to a second air compressor. The disclosure also provides a system for dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon, which includes a dehydrogenation reactor comprising a catalyst bed in fluid communication with a hydrocarbon feed source; and a regeneration air source in fluid communication with the dehydrogenation reactor, wherein the regeneration air source is the turbine-powered air compressor assembly described above.
F02C 6/06 - Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas
F02C 6/18 - Plural gas-turbine plantsCombinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatusAdaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
The present disclosure provides a method of operating a dehydrogenation reactor requiring vacuum pressure during the dehydrogenation reaction, the method including feeding a hydrocarbon to a reactor comprising a catalyst bed and configured to dehydrogenate the hydrocarbon under vacuum pressure; purging the reactor to remove remaining hydrocarbon; regenerating the catalyst bed with air from a regeneration air source; and evacuating the reactor to induce vacuum pressure, wherein the evacuating comprises passing a motive gas through a reactor evacuation ejector in fluid connection with the reactor, wherein the motive gas is nitrogen or air in the absence of steam. A system for dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon is also provided, which includes a dehydrogenation reactor and a reactor evacuation ejector in fluid communication with the dehydrogenation reactor and a motive gas source, wherein the motive gas is nitrogen or air in the absence of steam.
B01J 3/00 - Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matterApparatus therefor
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C07C 5/327 - Formation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds only
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
An integrated process for producing bisphenol A, the process including separating a first stream including acetone and phenol to provide a second stream including acetone and a third stream including phenol; and reacting acetone present in the second stream and phenol present in the third stream to produce a product stream including the bisphenol A and a recycle stream.
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
C07C 2/86 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
C07C 37/20 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms using aldehydes or ketones
A hybrid cooling tray for a battery pack, the tray having: a base defining a first end and a second end that are lengthwise spaced apart from each other and a first side and a second side that are widthwise spaced apart from each other, and wherein the base defines an inner surface and an outer surface; wherein the inner surface defines a coolant channel having an upstream end configured to receive a coolant flow and a downstream end configured to discharge the coolant flow, wherein the coolant channel defines a first transverse side and a second transverse side that extend between the upstream and downstream ends, and turbulators are disposed within the coolant channel between the upstream and downstream ends and define one or more of projections out of the base and impressions into the base, and wherein: at least two of the turbulators have a differing size, shape, pitch, yaw or roll orientation relative to each other; or a turbulator density per square unit area of the coolant channel differs from the upstream end to the downstream end of the coolant channel.
H01M 10/653 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
H01M 50/262 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders with fastening means, e.g. locks
The invention relates to a composition comprising at least one ethylene-based polymer; vitamin E, a secondary antioxidant; and optionally a slip-agent. The composition is particularly suitable to reduce the gel content of polymer compositions comprising recycled polyethylene.
The invention relates to a polyolefin composition comprising high melt strength polypropylene and polyethylene, wherein the high melt strength polypropylene is obtained by or obtainable by a process comprising melt-mixing a base polypropylene, a peroxide and a linear α-olefin composition comprising linear C20+ α-olefins.
C08F 255/02 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
C08F 255/04 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms on to ethene-propene copolymers
C08L 23/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
C08L 51/06 - Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bondsCompositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
24.
REACTOR AND METHOD FOR CONVERTING LIQUID HYDROCARBONS TO HIGHER VALUE CHEMICALS
A method and reactor for converting hydrocarbons uses a reactor having an inlet configured as a converging-diverging conduit having a central axis. A feed assembly of the reactor has a central chamber in fluid communication with the converging-diverging conduit. The feed assembly has annular flow passages for introducing a fuel gas feed and an oxidizer gas feed into the central chamber in a swirling fluid flow pattern that combust to form swirling hot combustion gases. A liquid hydrocarbon feed having dynamic viscosity from 0.1 cP to 1000 cP is introduced as a liquid spray having a Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) of droplets from 1 μm to 250 μm into the central chamber. The hydrocarbon feed mixes with the swirling hot combustion gases to form a swirling, heated mixture that passes from the central chamber through the converging-diverging conduit and into the reaction chamber to react to form converted hydrocarbon products.
C10G 9/38 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon
B01J 4/00 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
B01J 19/26 - Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 9/00 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
25.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR CONVERSION OF MIXED PLASTICS TO HIGH VALUE CHEMICALS
Provided herein are methods and systems for decontaminating and converting a mixed plastic waste feed to a hydro-gen-rich stream suitable for hydrocarbon refinery processing. Methods include the depolymerization of mixed plastic waste, removal of inorganic and metal contaminants, and feeding to one cracking unit or several cracking units in series. The products of the hydrocarbon refinery processing are high value chemicals such as C2-C4 olefins and benzene, toluene, xylenes, and ethyl benzene.
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C08J 11/12 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
26.
FUNCTIONALIZED SILICA FOR ODOR REDUCTION OF POLYOLEFIN AND ENGINEERING THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS
Thermoplastic compositions having reduced odor are described. A thermoplastic composition can include a thermoplastic polymer and a dual active functionalized silica (e.g., an amine-functionalized silica having a specific surface area of less than 450 m2/g and a nitrogen content of at least 1.2 wt. %). Such a thermoplastic composition has decreased odor-active volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions when compared with the same thermoplastic composition that does not include the dual active functionalized silica.
C08K 9/06 - Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
Disclosed herein is a core-shell graft copolymer produced by coagulation of an aqueous latex comprising a quantity of particles of the copolymer and a quantity of a fatty acid surfactant, wherein the coagulation involves the addition of a quantity of a multivalent metal salt, preferably a bivalent or trivalent metal salt. Such copolymer provides in an improvement of the surface properties of moulded articles produced from such copolymers, as demonstrated by a reduction of the content of gels in the surface layer.
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of low density polyethylene (LDPE) wherein the polymerisation takes place in a tubular reactor at peak temperatures ranging from 180° C. to 350° C. and at pressures ranging from 150 to 350 MPa and wherein the total effective length of the polymerisation reactor divided by the number of reaction zones is in the range from 230 to 350 m.
A chemical synthesis plant comprising: one or more reactors configured for producing, from one or more reactants, a process stream comprising at least one chemical product; a feed preparation system configured to prepare one or more feed streams comprising one or more of the one or more reactants for introduction into the one or more reactors; and/or a product purification system configured to separate the at least one chemical product from reaction byproducts, unreacted reactants, or a combination thereof within the process stream, wherein the chemical synthesis plant is configured such that a majority of the net energy needed for heating, cooling, compressing, or a combination thereof utilized via the one or more reactors, the feed preparation system, the product purification system, or a combination thereof is provided from a non-carbon based energy source, from a renewable energy source, and/or from electricity.
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C07C 4/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
C07C 29/152 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
H01M 8/04082 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
H01M 8/0606 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
H01M 8/1007 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
The invention relates to a process for preparing a high melt strength polypropylene, comprising melt-mixing a base polypropylene, a peroxide and a linear α-olefin composition comprising linear C20+ α-olefins.
C08F 255/02 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
C08F 255/04 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms on to ethene-propene copolymers
C08L 51/06 - Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bondsCompositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
31.
METHOD AND REACTOR FOR CONVERTING LIQUID HYDROCARBONS TO HIGHER VALUE CHEMICALS
A method for converting hydrocarbons utilizes a reactor system comprising a central axis, a feed assembly, and a reactor vessel that defines a reaction chamber. A fuel gas feed and an oxidizer gas feed are introduced into the feed assembly in a swirling fluid flow pattern that combust to form swirling combustion gases. Hydrocarbon reactant feeds of natural gas liquid (NGL), natural gas condensate, or associated petroleum gas and a liquid hydrocarbon are introduced into the central chamber. The liquid feed is introduced as a liquid spray in a flow pattern that is non-perpendicular to the central axis. The hydrocarbon feed mixes with the swirling combustion gases to form a swirling, heated mixture that passes from the central chamber through the converging-diverging conduit and into the reaction chamber to react to form converted hydrocarbon products.
C10G 9/00 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
C07C 4/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
C10G 9/38 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon
B01J 4/00 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices
B01J 19/26 - Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
32.
PROCESS FOR CONVERTING LIQUID AND GAS HYDROCARBONS TO HIGHER VALUE CHEMICALS
44 hydrocarbon stream received from an upstream hydrocarbon processing system and a liquid hydrocarbon are introduced into the central chamber. The liquid feed is introduced as a liquid spray in a flow pattern that is non-perpendicular to the central axis. The hydrocarbon feed mixes with the swirling combustion gases to form a swirling, heated mixture that passes from the central chamber through the converging-diverging conduit and into the reaction chamber to react to form converted hydrocarbon products.
C10G 9/38 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon
C10G 9/00 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
C07C 4/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
B01J 4/00 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices
A method of converting pyrolysis oils, waxes, and/or oligomers to higher value products is carried out in a reactor system comprising a central axis, a feed assembly, and a reactor vessel that defines a reaction chamber. A fuel gas feed and an oxidizer gas feed are introduced into the inlet assembly in a swirling fluid flow pattern that combust to form swirling combustion gases. Hydrocarbon reactant feeds of a hydrocarbon gas and a liquid hydrocarbon comprising pyrolysis oils, waxes, and/or oligomers are introduced into the inlet assembly. The liquid feed is introduced as a liquid mist or spray in a flow pattern that is non-perpendicular to the central axis. The hydrocarbon feed mixes with the swirling combustion gases to form a swirling, heated mixture that is passed to the reaction chamber to react to form converted hydrocarbon products.
C10G 9/38 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon
B01J 4/00 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices
34.
HYDROCARBON REACTOR WITH CONSTRICTED NECK PORTION AND SPRAY NOZZLE
A reactor system for converting hydrocarbons includes a feed assembly and an inlet assembly. A feed assembly wall defines a central chamber, and includes multiple flow passages, each to introduce a gas feed into the central chamber in a swirling flow pattern. A circumferential wall of the inlet assembly defines a smoothly-curved converging-diverging conduit in fluid communication with the central chamber. A spray nozzle is positioned relative to the central chamber to introduce a hydrocarbon reactant feed into the central chamber upstream of the conduit in a pattern non-perpendicular to the central axis. A reactor vessel having a reactor wall, which defines a reactor chamber, joins the circumferential wall to the conduit in fluid communication with the reactor chamber. The gas feed and the hydrocarbon reactant feed react in the reactor vessel to convert the hydrocarbon reactant feed into a converted hydrocarbon product, which flows out of the reactor chamber.
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
B01J 19/26 - Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 9/00 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of a polymer composition comprising polymer and carbonaceous filler comprising the steps of: a. introducing a first portion of polymer and a first portion of carbonaceous filler into a first feed section of an extruder, b. introducing a second portion of polymer and optionally a second portion of carbonaceous filler into a second feed section located downstream of the first feed section of the extruder, and c. extruding the resulting polymer composition; wherein the polymer composition comprises 0.01 to 3 wt. % of the carbonaceous filler relative to the total weight of the polymer composition.
Disclosed herein is a thermoplastic composition comprising, based on the total weight of the composition (A) from 85-97 wt. % of aromatic polycarbonate, (B) from 3-12 wt. % of a core-shell impact modifier wherein the core is comprised of silicone and the shell comprised of acrylate, (C) from 0.01-1.5 wt. % of a flame retardant, (D) from 0.01-2 wt. % of anti-drip agent, wherein the sum of components (A)-(D) is at least 95 wt. % of the total weight of the composition, and wherein the composition is selected to have a melt volume rate of from 5-20 cm3/10 min. measured in accordance with ISO 1133 (300° C., 1.2 kg), and a UL flame retardancy rating of V0 at 1.2 mm, and a notched Izod Impact strength of at least 35 kJ/m2 at a temperature of −50° C. measured in accordance with ISO 180/A on injection moulded test bars of 80×10×3 mm.
Provided here are methods and systems for preparing a solid supported modified zeolite catalyst for use in the fluid catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock, a such as a feedstock with a boiling point of less than 330° C. Methods include preparing an alkaline treated zeolite, passivating by phosphatation, and combining with alumina and silica slurry to result in a spray dryable catalyst precursor. The spray dried modified zeolite catalyst can be used in a fluid catalytic cracking unit to convert light hydrocarbon feedstocks to ethylene and propylene enriched product streams.
Disclosed is a dual functional urease and nitrification inhibitor composition and method for inhibiting the hydrolysis of urea and nitrification of ammonia in soil. Methods of making the dual functional urease and nitrification inhibitor and/or a composition containing the dual functional urease and nitrification inhibitor are also disclosed.
C05C 3/00 - Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
C05C 9/00 - Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
C05G 3/90 - Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specifically fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
C05G 5/30 - Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
A01N 43/72 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms, as ring hetero atoms
39.
SOLUTION PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONALIZED POLYOLEFINS
The present invention relates to a process for solution copolymerization process to produce a functionalized polyolefin using a catalyst system comprising a bis-phenolate hafnium or zirconium complex and a co-catalyst selected from the group: MAO, MMAO, DMAO, SMAO or ammonium salts or trityl salts of fluorinated tetraarylborates.
Polymeric compositions that include a polymer matrix and a germicidal additive dispersed in the polymer matrix are described. The germicidal additive includes a metal complexed cyanurate composition having a general formula of Ax[My(C3O3N3Cl2)z], where A is a counterion, x, y, and z are each independently 1 to 6, and M is a transition metal.
The present invention relates to a process for solution copolymerization process to produce a functionalized polyolefin using a catalyst system comprising a hafnium or zirconium or titanium complex supported by a dianionic tri- and/or tetra-dentate ligand and a co-catalyst selected from the group: MAO, MMAO, DMAO, SMAO or ammonium salts or trityl salts of fluorinated tetraarylborates.
Process for the polymerization of one or more monomers in a fluidized bed reactor, which reactor comprises a reaction zone which is confined at the underside by a gas distribution plate and at the top side by a virtual end surface, in which a fluidized bed is maintained between the underside and the top side, and in which at least part of the gaseous stream withdrawn from the top of the reactor is cooled to a point where the stream partially condenses into a liquid and in which at least part of the resulting two-phase stream is recycled to the reactor via an inlet which terminates in the reactor below the gas distribution plate, wherein, the reaction zone of the reactor is divided into two compartments by a draft tube extending from a point located above the gas distribution plate such that the area ratio of the circumferential draft tube inlet area (Ahb) to annular area (Aa) is between 0.5 to 3, preferably 2, to a point located below the end surface.
C08F 2/01 - Processes of polymerisation characterised by special features of the polymerisation apparatus used
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
A film includes an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer. The film is a layer in a multilayer structure. The film has improved peel force and leaves no residue after being peeled off from a substrate.
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
Systems and methods for producing petrochemical products with nuclear energy are disclosed. Some such systems include a nuclear reactor that generates thermal energy; a dehydrogenation plant adapted to use some of the thermal energy to produce petrochemical products; a power plant adapted to use some of the thermal energy to generate electricity and produce steam; an electric steam methane reforming furnace that uses the generated electricity to produce hydrogen; and a cracking reactor adapted to burn hydrogen. Some such methods include using nuclear generated thermal energy in a dehydrogenation plant to add thermal energy to a dehydrogenation process to produce petrochemical products; using, in a power plant, nuclear generated thermal energy to generate electricity and produce steam; powering, with generated electricity, an electric steam methane reforming (SMR) based hydrogen plant to generate hydrogen, and processing hydrocarbon feedstock in a cracking reactor to produce petrochemical products.
C10G 9/00 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C07C 5/32 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
G21D 9/00 - Arrangements to provide heat for purposes other than conversion into power, e.g. for heating buildings
45.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DECONTAMINATION OF PYROLYSIS OIL USING MODULAR UNITS
Modular systems and methods for removal of contaminants from a mixed plastic waste pyrolysis oil and optionally processing it in a hydrogenation unit to produce a decontaminated hydrogenated pyrolysis oil. These contaminants include metal compounds and non-metal compounds, such as silica compounds, halogenated compounds, phosphorous compounds, oxygenates, and nitrogenates.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 67/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including a sorption process as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 67/14 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 67/16 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural parallel stages only
46.
PHOTOVOLTAIC PACKAGING, AND A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A PHOTOVOLTAIC PACKAGING
Steenbakkers-Menting, Henrica Norberta Alberta Maria
Bercx, Rick Robert Emilie
Van Der Ven, Maud Corrina Willie
Venderbosch, Rob
Abstract
The present teachings relate to a photovoltaic packaging comprising a polymer back layer, photovoltaic cells electrically connected to each other, a polymer front layer which is transparent to light, and which is configured to be connected to the polymer back layer by means of welding, wherein the photovoltaic cells are located between the front and back layer, the front and back layer being connected to each other by means of a welded connection, such that the photovoltaic cells is completely enclosed between the front layer and the back layer by the welded connection, surrounding the photovoltaic cells, and wherein each individual cell is separated from the remaining of the photovoltaic cells by the welded connection. The present teachings also relate to a method of manufacturing, and to a solar panel.
Disclosed are methods that involve bonding a metal layer to thermoplastic that comprises (a) polypropylene and (b) one or more of the following polar polymers: polyvinylpyrrolidone, polypropyelene acrylic acid, polyethylene acrylic acid, poly(vinyl alcohol), ethylene vinyl alcohol, polypropylene acrylate, polyethylene acrylate, polypropylene methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylate, and polymethacrylate, wherein the percentage of polar groups in the one or more polar polymers is in a range of 5% to 100%. Also disclosed are articles comprising the metallized thermoplastic.
B32B 15/08 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
a method for stabilising a material composition containing polyethylene includes: i)
providing a material composition containing polyethylene; ii) determining the quantity of vinyl unsaturations in the polyethylene; iii) determining the quantity of secondary antioxidant in the material composition; iv) adding a quantity of secondary antioxidant so that the quantity of secondary antioxidant in the polyethylene is as required for a polyethylene having a quantity of vinyl unsaturations as determined under ii) to obtain a modified material composition. The method allows for obtaining a modified material composition that can be used in the production of articles via thermal shaping processes, such as extrusion or injection moulding processes, without excessive increase of long chain braches as a consequence of the shaping process.
The present invention relates to a composition comprising: a) a polyethylene having a density of ≥940 and ≤970 kg/m3 as determined in accordance with ASTM D792 (2008); and b) ≥10 and ≤100, preferably ≥20 and ≤50, ppm of α-tocopherol, with regard to the total weight of the composition. Such composition contributes, when used in a laminate comprising a paper layer, a layer of the composition and a layer comprising a curable silicone resin formulation, to an improved cross-linking content upon curing of the curable silicone resin formulation, whilst demonstrating appropriate adhesion to the paper layer.
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
B32B 27/10 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of paper or cardboard
B32B 27/18 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
B32B 27/28 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising copolymers of synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the following subgroups
B32B 37/18 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only
An olefin synthesis plant comprising: a feed pretreatment section configured to pretreat a feed stream; a pyrolysis section comprising one or more pyrolysis reactors configured to crack hydrocarbons in the feed stream in the presence of a diluent to produce a cracked gas stream; a primary fractionation and compression section configured to provide heat recovery from and quenching of the cracked gas stream; remove a component from the cracked gas stream; and compress the cracked gas stream, thus providing a compressed cracked gas stream; and/or a product separation section configured to separate a product olefin stream from the compressed cracked gas stream, wherein the olefin synthesis plant is configured such that, relative to a conventional olefin synthesis plant, more of the energy and/or the net energy required by the olefin synthesis plant and/or one or more sections thereof, is provided by a non-carbon based and/or renewable energy source and/or electricity.
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C07C 4/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
C07C 29/152 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
H01M 8/04082 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
H01M 8/0606 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
H01M 8/1007 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals used in industry, science, and photography, namely, photographic chemicals, as well as in agriculture, horticulture and forestry except fungicides, herbicides, insecticides and parasiticides; Unprocessed artificial resins, unprocessed plastics; Plastics, namely, rough unprocessed artificial resins; Fire extinguishing compositions; Chemical substances for preserving foodstuffs; Adhesives used in industry; Plastics included in this class, namely, rough artificial resins; unprocessed plastics; engineered plastics; Unprocessed plastics in the nature of engineered plastics, namely, plastic moulding compounds for use in the manufacture of moulded plastic articles; Synthetic resins; unprocessed plastics, namely, recombined plastics, mixtures, compositions and dispersions of plastics, all for use in the further manufacture of plastics. Plastic in extruded form for use in further manufacturing, namely, sheets, filaments, pellets, ribs, connectors and films; Packing and insulating materials; Plastics, namely, semi processed artificial resins; Semi-processed plastics, namely, plastic moulding compounds for use in the manufacture of moulded plastic articles; Semi-processed synthetic resins; Plastics, namely, rough semi processed artificial resins. Technical consulting services in the use of chemical products, plastics, and synthetic materials; Engineering and manufacturing services in the field of building, construction, industrial design and engineering design for others in the field of manufacturing; Simulation services, namely process simulation for the design, development, analysis, and optimization of technical processes in chemical plants and chemical processes; Scientific research and technological consultation and research in the fields of chemistry, manufacturing, and plastics; Research services.
52.
HOT MELT ADHESIVES BASED ON BLENDS COMPRISING NON- FUNCTIONALIZED AND FUNCTIONALIZED POLYOLEFINS
Hot melt adhesive composition comprising a base resin, wherein the base resin comprises a blend of an non-functionalized polyolefin and a functionalized olefin-based copolymer or terpolymer having either a hydroxyl functionality, a siloxide functionality or a carboxylic acid functionality.
Hot melt adhesive composition comprising a base resin, wherein the base resin comprises a blend of an non-functionalized polyolefin and a functionalized olefin-based copolymer or terpolymer having either a hydroxyl functionality, a siloxide functionality or a carboxylic acid functionality.
The invention is related to an amine-free mineral adhesion promoter composition for bitumen comprising at least of a non-functionalized polyolefin, a hydroxyl-functionalized propylene-based co- or terpolymer having degree of OH-functionalization between 0.1 and 0.6 mol%, more preferably 0.2 to 0.4 mol%, and an aluminum oxide hydroxide having an elemental metal content from a quantity up to 1.5 wt% of the hydroxyl-functionalized propylene-based co- or terpolymer; to a modified bitumen composition comprising at least: an amine-free mineral adhesion promoter composition according to the invention and neat bitumen; and finally to an asphalt composition comprising the modified bitumen composition according to the invention and some mineral aggregates.
The present invention relates to an olefin polymerization process comprising polymerization of at least one olefin monomer in one or more polymerization reactors. An object of the present invention is to recover unreacted components from the polymer powder leaving the reactor of an olefin polymerization process. Another object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of dissolved monomers with higher molecular weight to prevent issues with fouling and lump formation in subsequent purging operations.
B01D 49/00 - Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/08 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with moving particles
56.
COATING COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING CHAR AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF
Provided here are coating compositions containing a solvent, a binder, and char particles and methods of forming a thermal protective coating on a surface using these coating compositions.
The present invention relates to an automotive interior article comprising or consisting of a thermoplastic composition, said composition comprising, based on the weight of the composition, (A) from 85-99 wt. % of aromatic polycarbonate, (B) from 1.0-10 wt. % of un-modified polyolefin elastomer, (C) from 0.1-5 wt. % of a copolymer comprising ethylene and glycidyl (meth)acrylate moieties, (D) from 0-5 wt. % of further component(s), wherein i) the sum of components (A)-(D) is 100 wt. %, ii) component (D) does not comprise polyester, iii) the thermoplastic composition is selected to have a sensory impression of smell determined in accordance with VDA 270-B3 of at most 3.0.
Systems and methods to enhance vaporization of a hydrocarbon feed may include an evaporator positioned to receive a hydrocarbon feed and partially evaporate the hydrocarbon feed to provide a gaseous hydrocarbon portion and a liquid hydrocarbon portion. A first mixing unit may be positioned to receive the gaseous hydrocarbon portion and dilution steam and provide a hydrocarbon-steam mixture. A heater may be positioned to receive the hydrocarbon-steam mixture to provide a heated hydrocarbon-steam mixture. A second mixing unit may be positioned to receive the liquid hydrocarbon portion and the heated hydrocarbon-steam mixture STEAM and to evaporate at least a portion of the liquid hydrocarbon portion via energy associated with the heated hydrocarbon-steam mixture to provide one or more of an evaporated hydrocarbon portion or a heated liquid hydrocarbon portion.
Steenbakkers-Menting, Henrica, Norberta, Alberta, Maria
Zuideveld, Martin, Alexander
Moman, Akhlaq
Meddad, Abderrahman
Abstract
The invention relates to Process for the preparation of a polypropylene composition comprising a propylene-based polymer which is a propylene-ethylene copolymer having an ethylene content between 2.0 wt% and 5 wt% based based on the propylene-ethylene copolymer, wherein the polypropylene composition has - a melt flow rate (MFR) in the range from 1 to 80 g/10min, wherein the melt flow rate is determined using ISO1133-1:2011 using 2.16kg at 230°C, wherein the process comprises the step of polymerizing propylene and optional ethylene comonomers in the presence of a catalyst in a gas phase to obtain the propylene-based polymer, wherein said catalyst comprises a procatalyst, a co-catalyst and optionally an external electron donor, wherein the procatalyst is obtainable by a process comprising the steps of: contacting a magnesium-containing support with a halogen-containing titanium compound, and an internal electron donor according to Formula (I), wherein R1is a secondary alkyl group and R2is a non-secondary alkyl group having at least 5 carbon atoms, preferably R2is a non-secondary alkyl group being branched at the 3-position or further positions; said procatalyst is prepared according to the following steps: i) contacting a compound R4zzMgX42-z2-z with an alkoxy- or aryloxy-containing silane compound to give a first intermediate reaction product, being a solid Mg(OR8xxX12-x2-x, wherein: Rais a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbyl group independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl or alkylaryl groups, and one or more combinations thereof; wherein said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, may contain one or more heteroatoms and preferably has from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein R4is a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbyl group independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl or alkylaryl groups, and one or more combinations thereof; wherein said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, may contain one or more heteroatoms and preferably has from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably R4is butyl; wherein X4and Х1are each independently selected from the group of consisting of fluoride (F−), chloride (Cl−), bromide (Br−) or iodide (I−), preferably chloride; z is in a range of larger than 0 and smaller than 2, being 0 < z < 2, x is an integer between 0 and 2; ii) optionally contacting the solid Mg(ORaxxX12-x2-x obtained in step i) with at least one activating compound selected from the group formed by activating electron donors and metal alkoxide compounds of formula M1(ORbv-wv-w(OR3ww or M2(ORbv-wv-w(R3ww, to obtain a second intermediate product; wherein: M1is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, Al or Si; v is the valency of M1; M2is a metal being Si; v is the valency of M2; Rband R3 are each a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbyl group independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl or alkylaryl groups, and one or more combinations thereof; wherein said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, may contain one or more heteroatoms, and preferably has from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein w is smaller than v, preferably v being 3 or 4; iii) contacting the first or second intermediate reaction product, obtained respectively in step i) or ii), with a halogen-containing Ti-compound and said compound represented Formula (I), as the internal electron donor.
Steenbakkers-Menting, Henrica, Norberta, Alberta, Maria
Ndoro, Tinashe, Victor, Mandishonha
Zuideveld, Martin, Alexander
Abstract
The present invention relates to a polymer composition comprising a random propylene copolymer, wherein the random propylene copolymer has • - an MFR in the range of 1 to 80 g/lOmin as measured according to ISO1133 at 230°C, 2.16kg; • - a comonomer content in the range of 1.5-4.5 wt% basing on the total amount of the random propylene copolymer, wherein the comonomer is moiety derived from a group consisting of ethylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene and combination thereof; • - a Crystex soluble part of at most 7 basing on the total amount of the random propylene copolymer, said polymer composition has improved blooming performance.
Systems and methods for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons are disclosed. The reaction system for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons comprises one or more reactors. Each reactor is operated on a cyclic mode switching between dehydrogenation and catalyst regeneration. The operation sequence of each reactor is determined based on mathematical time-derivatives of a detected temperature in the catalyst bed of the reactor.
The disclosure provides processes for fluid catalytic cracking of feed streams including hydrocarbons and varying amounts of mixed waste plastic oil to produce valuable petroleum products, such as light olefins. The process generally includes providing a waste plastic pyrolysis oil; passing the waste plastic pyrolysis oil through at least one guard bed configured to adsorb chlorine components; providing a hydrocarbon stream; combining the hydrocarbon stream with the waste plastic pyrolysis oil to provide a combined feed stream; and feeding the combined feed stream, along with steam, to a fluid catalytic cracking unit.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
B01J 29/40 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
B01J 35/40 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 55/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one catalytic cracking step
Disclosed is an article for covering battery components in an automotive prime-mover battery pack, the article comprising a top cover having an outer major surface and an inner major surface that is shaped to conform to the battery components, wherein the top cover is prepared by extrusion of a composition comprising a polyolefin and glass fibers to obtain a sheet and subsequent thermoforming of the sheet and wherein the article is configured to form an outer char coating when exposed to flame.
H01M 50/148 - Lids or covers characterised by their shape
H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
64.
ENCAPSULANT FILM BASED ON FUNCTIONALIZED POLYOLEFINS
The invention relates to a film comprising a functionalized polyolefin polymer and to the use of the film as an encapsulant film for a photovoltaic module. The functionalized polyolefin polymer is a polymer selected from: (a) a propylene copolymer, (b) a propylene terpolymer, (c) an ethylene terpolymer, and (d) a polymer mixture comprising any combination of polymers (a) to (c). Further, the functionalized polyolefin polymer comprises ≤ 0.8 wt%, of a metal such as alumina or its hydrated analogues, aluminum hydroxide oxide or aluminum hydroxide, based on the total weight of the functionalized polyolefin polymer. The invention further relates to an encapsulated solar cell comprising encapsulant layers comprising the film. The invention further relates to a photovoltaic module comprising the encapsulated solar cell and to a process for making the making the photovoltaic module.
Systems and methods for processing a mixed plastic waste feed to produce a hydrogen-rich hydrocarbon product, such as synthetic crude oil or pyrolysis oil, by processing the mixed plastic waste feed through two cracking units. The first cracking unit is operated at a temperature and a residence time sufficient to at least partially depolymerize the plastic polymers in the mixed plastic waste feed to produce a molten oligomers product stream also containing inorganic components from the mixed plastic waste feed and a gas stream. This molten oligomers product stream is further processed in a thermal or a catalytic cracking unit to produce a hydrocarbonaceous stream that is processed to produce the hydrogen-rich hydrocarbon product, such as a synthetic crude oil that can be processed in a refinery or a pyrolysis oil that can be fed to a steam cracker.
C10G 55/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one catalytic cracking step
C10G 9/00 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
C10G 31/09 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
C10G 55/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one thermal cracking step
H05B 3/28 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
The invention relates to a composition comprising (A1) a heterophasic propylene copolymer, (A2) a post-consumer recycled heterophasic propylene copolymer, (B) a propylene homopolymer and (C) a polyolefin-based elastomer. The composition of the present invention has a combination of good mechanical properties for luggage applications, and obtains good environmental benefits.
A method for producing methanol includes feeding a synthesis gas stream to a methanol production assembly; feeding an off gas stream including hydrogen to the methanol production assembly; feeding a CO2 stream to the methanol production assembly; and reacting the synthesis gas stream and the CO2 stream in the methanol production assembly to produce methanol, wherein the method further includes reacting the off gas stream with the synthesis gas stream and the CO2 stream in the methanol production assembly to produce methanol, or feeding a reforming feed stream and the off gas stream including hydrogen to a reforming portion of the methanol production assembly to form the synthesis gas stream.
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
69.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TESTING A SUBSTRATE'S RESPONSE TO THERMAL RUNAWAY OF A BATTERY
A system for testing the response of a substrate to thermal runaway of a battery can comprise a nozzle defining one or more openings at an exit of the nozzle, a first conduit configured to direct gas and fuel to the nozzle such that the gas and fuel flow through the opening(s) of the nozzle, and a second conduit configured to direct grit from the grit supply out of the nozzle. The second conduit can have a first maximum interior transverse dimension at an exit of the second conduit. For each of the opening(s) of the nozzle, a transverse distance between a centerline of the second conduit at the exit of the second conduit and an interior surface of the nozzle circumscribing the opening can be greater than half of the first maximum interior transverse dimension and less than 2 times the first maximum interior transverse dimension.
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
A system for testing the response of a substrate to thermal runaway of a battery can comprise a nozzle defining one or more openings at an exit of the nozzle, a first conduit configured to direct gas and fuel to the nozzle such that the gas and fuel flow through each of the opening(s) of the nozzle, and a second conduit configured to direct grit from the grit supply out of the nozzle.
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
A process for preparing of a welded structure. The process includes positioning a first part comprising a polyolefin, and positioning a second part onto the first part to define a weld joint between them. The second part can comprise a polyolefin. The process can include welding the first part to the second part by projecting laser energy of about 980 nm through the first part to a weld joint, wherein the first part has a laser transmittance of less than 18%, measured using a spectrophotometer at wavelength 980 nanometers.
The present disclosure provides a method for evacuating a high temperature reactor requiring vacuum pressure during one or more steps of the reaction process, including directing a reduction gas stream from the reactor to a quench system in fluid communication with the reactor, the quench system comprising one or more enclosures wherein the reduction gas stream directly contacts a liquid cooling medium, wherein the liquid cooling medium is water; withdrawing a cooled gas stream from the quench system; and directing the cooled gas stream to a vacuum pump in fluid communication with the quench system and the reactor to reduce the pressure within the reactor to a vacuum pressure. A system for evacuating a high temperature reactor is also provided, including a high temperature reactor combined with a quench system and a vacuum pump as described above.
B01J 4/00 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
C07C 5/42 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C07C 5/32 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
73.
BATTERY PACK COVER WITH A PROTRUDING DOUBLE WALL BATTERY DIVIDER AND THERMAL RUNAWAY BARRIER
An embodiment includes a cover for a battery pack for an electrical vehicle. It can include a cover base portion defining an edge perimeter sized to cover an opening of a housing subcomponent of the battery pack. The cover can have a base portion comprising a plurality of cover fastening features proximal to the edge perimeter defining a cover fastening perimeter. A battery divider can protrude from the cover base portion and extend past a plane generally defined the by the cover fastening perimeter. The battery divider can be formed by a plurality of walls. The plurality of walls can define a cover hollow that extends from a cover hollow base proximal the cover base portion to a cover hollow distal portion of the battery divider.
H01M 10/658 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
H01M 50/209 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
H01M 50/291 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
H01M 50/293 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
74.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR LINEAR ALPHA OLEFINS PRODUCTION
A system and a method for producing oligomers are disclosed. The oligomers are produced in a loop reactor by contacting a mono-olefin with a catalyst. The byproduct produced during the process is collected in one or more settling legs of the loop reactor.
Provided here are methods and systems for converting pyrolysis oil with silicon-based compounds to a substantially silicon-free pyrolysis oil by treatment with an inert gas. A method of treating a pyrolysis oil to remove silicon-based compounds includes supplying an inert gas stream to a storage vessel containing a pyrolysis oil with silicon-based compounds to produce a silicon- enriched inert gas stream and a desiliconized pyrolysis oil containing at least five weight percent less of the silicon-based compounds as compared to the pyrolysis oil. The method also includes supplying the silicon-enriched inert gas stream to a cryogenic unit to recover hydrocarbons or the silicon-based compounds from the silicon-enriched inert gas stream.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 31/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
C10G 31/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by treating with water
C10G 53/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
C10G 53/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one sorption step
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
The invention provides a multiple-effect evaporation system that includes a first evaporator in fluid communication with a reboiler for heating and recirculating fluid, the reboiler receiving heat from an external heat source; and a series of two or more additional evaporators downstream from the first evaporator, each of the evaporators producing an overhead vapor effluent and a liquid bottom effluent and each additional evaporator having a reboiler in fluid communication with the overhead vapor effluent of the previous evaporator in series as heat source for the reboiler. The system further includes a compressor in fluid communication with a portion of overhead vapor effluent of one of the two or more additional evaporators, wherein effluent from the compressor is in fluid communication with the overhead vapor effluent of any upstream evaporator in the series.
A process for preparing of a bonded structure includes flame-treating a surface of a first part including a polyolefin to provide an activated polyolefin surface; directly applying an acrylic structural adhesive to the activated polyolefin surface and a surface of a second part; and curing the adhesive to form a bond between the first part and the second part.
C09J 5/02 - Adhesive processes in generalAdhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving pretreatment of the surfaces to be joined
B29C 65/48 - Joining of preformed partsApparatus therefor using adhesives
The disclosure provides a flushing process for removing polymer fouling from a reactor including a gas distributor proximal to the bottom thereof and an internal condenser proximal to the top thereof, the method including, for a first flushing time period, injecting a flushing solvent into the reactor and withdrawing the flushing solvent from a reactor outlet proximal to the internal condenser to induce an upward movement of flushing solvent, the withdrawn flushing solvent containing a first polymer content. After the first flushing time period is complete, for a second flushing time period, the process includes injecting a flushing solvent into the reactor and withdrawing the flushing solvent from a reactor outlet proximal to the gas distributor to induce a downward movement of flushing solvent, the withdrawn flushing solvent containing a second polymer content.
B01J 10/00 - Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particlesApparatus specially adapted therefor
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
Hot melt adhesive including a randomly hydroxyl functionalized branched olefin copolymer has: number average molecular weight between 10 to 50 kg/mol, crystallinity content below 30%, enthalpy between 5 to 65 J/g, polydispersity index from 2 to 6, melting temperature between 40 and 120° C., optionally, more than two hydroxyl functionalities per polymer chain and consisting of at least 80 mol % of a unit of formula (1), optionally a unit of formula (2), and between 0.1 to 1 mol %, of a unit of formula (3):
Hot melt adhesive including a randomly hydroxyl functionalized branched olefin copolymer has: number average molecular weight between 10 to 50 kg/mol, crystallinity content below 30%, enthalpy between 5 to 65 J/g, polydispersity index from 2 to 6, melting temperature between 40 and 120° C., optionally, more than two hydroxyl functionalities per polymer chain and consisting of at least 80 mol % of a unit of formula (1), optionally a unit of formula (2), and between 0.1 to 1 mol %, of a unit of formula (3):
wherein:
R1 is H or CH3; R2 is a C0-10 hydrocarbyl group; R3 is a C2-10 hydrocarbyl group, and the hydroxyl functionalized olefin copolymer has undergone an addition reaction with a di-, tri-or polyisocyanates of formula (4):
Hot melt adhesive including a randomly hydroxyl functionalized branched olefin copolymer has: number average molecular weight between 10 to 50 kg/mol, crystallinity content below 30%, enthalpy between 5 to 65 J/g, polydispersity index from 2 to 6, melting temperature between 40 and 120° C., optionally, more than two hydroxyl functionalities per polymer chain and consisting of at least 80 mol % of a unit of formula (1), optionally a unit of formula (2), and between 0.1 to 1 mol %, of a unit of formula (3):
wherein:
R1 is H or CH3; R2 is a C0-10 hydrocarbyl group; R3 is a C2-10 hydrocarbyl group, and the hydroxyl functionalized olefin copolymer has undergone an addition reaction with a di-, tri-or polyisocyanates of formula (4):
O═C═N—R4N═C═O)n
Wherein, R4 is a C1-10 hydrocarbyl group.
A process for the production of a shaped object, including: (a) providing a mould including a cavity formed to produce an object of a desired shape; (b) heating the mould to a temperature of ≥145° C.; (c) supplying an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) material into the mould; (d) closing the mould with a punch counterpart having such shape as to fit together with the mould cavity to form the shape of the desired object; (e) applying a compaction pressure through the punch to the material that is present in the mould, whilst maintaining the mould temperature, for such a compaction time that the material fuses to form the desired shape; (f) releasing the compaction pressure and removing the shaped object from the mould at a temperature of ≥145° C.; and (g) cooling the shaped object to a temperature of below the melting temperature of the UHMWPE material.
A process involving the steps in this order of: providing a waste plastics stream (A) comprising polyvinyl chloride (PVC); (i) supplying the waste plastics stream (A) to a reactor vessel; (ii) subjecting the waste plastics in the reactor vessel to a temperature of ≥250° C. and ≤350° C., preferably of ≥275° C. and ≤325° C., preferably for a period of 5-30 minutes, under applying a vacuum, preferably of ≤35 mbar, or using an inert gas sweep, and evacuating the generated hydrogen chloride (B) from the vessel, wherein the PVC is partially dechlorinated to form a waste plastics stream (C) comprising partially unsaturated PVC; (iii) removing the waste plastics stream (C) comprising partially unsaturated PVC from the reaction vessel; and (iv) separating the partially unsaturated PVC from the waste plastics stream to form a dechlorinated waste plastics stream (D).
C07C 1/30 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero atoms by splitting-off the elements of hydrogen halide from a single molecule
B09B 3/40 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
B09B 3/70 - Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
The present invention relates to a thermoplastic composition comprising, based on the weight of the composition, (A) from 50-65 wt. % of aromatic polycarbonate, (B) from 20-40 wt. % of polyester comprising or consisting of poly(butylene terephthalate), (C) from 1-10 wt. % of impact modifier, (D) from 5-15 wt. % of glass fibres, (E) from 0-5 wt. % of further components, wherein the sum of the components (A)-(E) is 100 wt. % and wherein the composition has a notched Izod impact strength determined in accordance with ISO 180-1A at a temperature of 23° C. of at least 10 kJ/m2, a tensile modulus determined in accordance with ISO 527 at a temperature of 23° C. of at least 4.0 GPa, a tensile strength determined in accordance with ISO 527 at a temperature of 23° C. of at least 75 MPa and a melt volume rate determined in accordance with ISO 1133 (2505° C., 5 kg) of at least 7.0 cc/10 min.
The invention relates to a polypropylene composition having improved radiation stability, comprising: a) a propylene polymer present in amount ≥94.0 wt. %; and b) aliphatic alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, wherein the aliphatic alcohol may be selected from the group consisting of (i) straight chain C5-C20 aliphatic diols, (ii) C4-C30 aliphatic cyclic alcohols, (iii) polycarbohydrates. and (iv) branched acyclic diols having at least one hydroxyl group attached to a tertiary carbon atom, and combinations thereof, and c) optionally, one or more further additives. The invention further relates to radiation sterilized articles comprising such polypropylene composition and the use of such polypropylene composition for improving radiation stability of articles that are subjected to radiation.
A methanol synthesis plant comprising: a feed pretreating section operable to pretreat a feed stream; a synthesis gas (syngas) generation section comprising one or more reactors operable to produce a syngas synthesis product stream comprising synthesis gas from the feed stream; a methanol synthesis section comprising one or more methanol synthesis reactors operable to produce a synthesis product comprising methanol; and/or a methanol purification section operable to remove at least one component from the synthesis product to provide a purified methanol product; wherein the methanol synthesis plant is configured such that, relative to a conventional methanol synthesis plant, more of the net energy required by the methanol synthesis plant, the feed pretreating section, the syngas generation section, the methanol synthesis section, the methanol purification section, or a combination thereof, is provided by a non-carbon based energy source, a renewable energy source, and/or electricity.
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C07C 4/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
C07C 29/152 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
H01M 8/04082 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
H01M 8/0606 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
H01M 8/1007 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
Steenbakkers-Menting, Henrica Norberta Alberta Maria
Surisetty, Gopala Krishna
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for production of terpolymers, in particular for the polymerization of propylene, and two other distinct monomers chosen from a group comprising ethylene and a C4-C12 α-olefin in a horizontal stirred reactor comprising an agitated bed and several reaction zones for forming polymer particles.
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
C08F 2/01 - Processes of polymerisation characterised by special features of the polymerisation apparatus used
C08F 4/646 - Catalysts comprising at least two different metals, in metallic form or as compounds thereof, in addition to the component covered by group
C08F 4/654 - Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds with magnesium or compounds thereof
An electrically powered furnace and related methods may include an electrically powered furnace having an output of at least one megawatt with a control system; a furnace housing comprising one or more housing walls at least partially defining an interior volume; a plurality of heating zones within the interior volume; and a plurality of heated tubes extending in the interior volume. A method may include providing the feed to the electrically powered furnace; and algorithmically adjusting the output of the one or more heating elements for each of the plurality of heating zones to heat the feed to a desired temperature while maintaining temperatures of the one or more heating elements within predetermined parameters.
A process for producing isopentane and isoamylene can comprise passing a feed stream comprising C5 hydrocarbons through a hydrodesulfurization assembly to produce a first stream: passing the first stream to a first separation assembly to produce a second stream and a first separated stream: passing the second stream to a deisopentanizer assembly to produce a second separated stream comprising isopentane, a third separated stream comprising C6+ hydrocarbons, and a raffinate stream comprising C5 hydrocarbons; and passing the raffinate stream to a reactor assembly to produce a reaction product stream comprising isoamylene. The present disclosure also provides for a system for producing isopentane and isoamylene.
C07C 7/00 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives
C07C 5/27 - Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton
C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation
C07C 7/163 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound by hydrogenation
C07C 9/18 - Branched-chain hydrocarbons with five carbon atoms
The invention relates to a process for preparing polyalpha-olefins using a catalyst composition comprising a reaction product of an organometallic complex and a co-catalyst, wherein the comprising an organometallic complex is represented by the general formula: LMXn wherein: (i) ‘L’ is an organic ligand; (ii) ‘M’ is a transition metal having a valency of ‘p’, wherein the metal ‘M’ is selected from Ti, Zr, and Hf; (iii) ‘X’ is an anionic ligand to the metal ‘M’, and wherein ‘X’ is selected from the group consisting of halogens, alkyls, aralkyls, alkoxides, amides, and combinations thereof; (iv) ‘n’ is the number of ‘X’ groups and equals p-2.
C08F 4/76 - MetalsMetal hydridesMetallo-organic compoundsUse thereof as catalyst precursors selected from metals not provided for in group selected from refractory metals selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
C08F 110/04 - Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
C08F 110/14 - Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms
89.
FURNACE INCLUDING ELECTRICALLY POWERED HEATING ELEMENTS ARRANGED FOR UNIFORM HEATING AND RELATED METHODS
An electrically powered furnace may include a furnace housing and heating elements extending in the furnace housing. The furnace also may include heating tubes extending in the interior volume, and each of the heating tubes may define an interior passage positioned to receive and heat the feed as the feed passes through the interior passage. The heating tubes may be positioned in the furnace housing to receive heat radiated from the heating elements, and the heating tubes may be arranged in one or more of at least two rows or at least two columns and such that each of the heating tubes is substantially equidistant from three or more of the heating elements. A method may include supplying a feed to the heating tubes, heating the heating tubes via the heating elements, and heating the feed via as the feed passes through the heating tubes.
Systems and methods for pretreating a raw mixed plastic waste pyrolysis oil to remove silicon and chloride contaminants using an aqueous alkaline hydroxide solution. Specifically, these systems and methods lead to at least about 30 weight percent reduction in the silicon compounds present in the pyrolysis oil and at least about 50 weight percent reduction in the chloride compounds in the pyrolysis oil.
C10G 53/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one alkaline-treatment step
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
91.
A TRAY AND A SYSTEM FOR HOUSING A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL BATTERY MODULES, AND A METHOD FOR COOLING A PLURALITY OF BATTERY MODULES HOUSED IN A TRAY OF SUCH A SYSTEM
The present invention relates to a tray for housing a plurality of individual battery modules, the tray comprising a bottom wall and side walls defining a receiving space for the plurality of individual battery modules, wherein the tray has one or more inner walls extending between opposite side walls and subdividing the receiving space in a plurality of individual battery module receiving chambers each bounded by a part of the bottom wall and by one or more side walls and/or inner wall or walls, and a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet, wherein at least one of the side walls and/or at least one of the one or more inner walls comprises a plate shaped base part made of a thermoplastic material and comprising a wall-channel for a flow of a coolant medium on at least one plate side of the base part, wherein the wall-channel is in connection with the coolant inlet and with the coolant outlet such that a coolant medium can flow through the wall-channel, and a thermoplastic-based layer bonded to the base part such that it covers and thereby closes off the wall-channel, wherein the wall concerned is oriented in the tray such that it faces one or more of the battery module receiving chambers with a plate side thereof having the layer bonded thereto. The invention also relates to a system including one or more of said trays and a cooling system as well as to a method for cooling a plurality of battery modules.
H01M 50/204 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
H01M 50/22 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
92.
OLEFIN POLYMERISATION CATALYST AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THEREOF
Process for producing a supported metallocene catalyst system includes: (i) preparing mixture (a) by mixing a metallocene with a cocatalyst; (ii) preparing mixture (b) by reacting an aluminium (II) with an amine (III)t;
Process for producing a supported metallocene catalyst system includes: (i) preparing mixture (a) by mixing a metallocene with a cocatalyst; (ii) preparing mixture (b) by reacting an aluminium (II) with an amine (III)t;
Process for producing a supported metallocene catalyst system includes: (i) preparing mixture (a) by mixing a metallocene with a cocatalyst; (ii) preparing mixture (b) by reacting an aluminium (II) with an amine (III)t;
wherein each R6 and R10 is hydrogen or a C1-30 hydrocarbon; R7, R8, and R11 are C1-30 hydrocarbon; R9 is hydrogen or a functional moiety comprising at least one active hydrogen; (iii) providing a support material, into a reaction vessel; (iv) providing a solvent into the reaction vessel; (v) supplying mixture (a) and mixture (b) to the reaction vessel; (vi) subjecting the contents of the reaction vessel to a temperature of >60° C. for a period of >3 hrs to obtain a supported catalyst system; and (vii) removing the solvent from the supported catalyst system. Such process allows for the production of a supported metallocene catalyst system having reduced fouling in olefin polymerisation.
C08F 4/6592 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
C08F 4/642 - Component covered by group with an organo-aluminium compound
93.
A TRAY AND A SYSTEM FOR HOUSING A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL BATTERY MODULES, AND A METHOD FOR COOLING A PLURALITY OF BATTERY MODULES HOUSED IN A TRAY OF SUCH A SYSTEM
The present invention relates to a tray for housing a plurality of individual battery modules, the tray comprising a bottom wall and side walls defining a receiving space for the plurality of individual battery modules, wherein the tray has one or more inner walls extending between opposite side walls and subdividing the receiving space in a plurality of individual battery module receiving chambers each bounded by a part of the bottom wall and by one or more side walls and/or inner wall or walls, and a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet, wherein at least one of the side walls and/or at least one of the one or more inner walls comprises a plate shaped base part made of a thermoplastic material and comprising a wall-channel for a flow of a coolant medium on at least one plate side of the base part, wherein the wall-channel is in connection with the coolant inlet and with the coolant outlet such that a coolant medium can flow through the wall-channel, and a thermoplastic-based layer bonded to the base part such that it covers and thereby closes off the wall-channel, wherein the wall concerned is oriented in the tray such that it faces one or more of the battery module receiving chambers with a plate side thereof having the layer bonded thereto. The invention also relates to a system including one or more of said trays and a cooling system as well as to a method for cooling a plurality of battery modules.
H01M 50/204 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
H01M 50/22 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
94.
A TRAY AND A SYSTEM FOR HOUSING A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL BATTERY MODULES, AND A METHOD FOR COOLING A PLURALITY OF BATTERY MODULES HOUSED IN A TRAY OF SUCH A SYSTEM
The present invention relates to a tray for housing a plurality of individual battery modules, the tray comprising a bottom wall and side walls defining a receiving space for the plurality of individual battery modules, wherein the tray has one or more inner walls extending between opposite side walls and subdividing the receiving space in a plurality of individual battery module receiving chambers each bounded by a part of the bottom wall and by one or more side walls and/or inner wall or walls, and a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet, wherein at least one of the side walls and/or at least one of the one or more inner walls comprises a plate shaped base part made of a thermoplastic material and comprising a wall-channel for a flow of a coolant medium on at least one plate side of the base part, wherein the wall-channel is in connection with the coolant inlet and with the coolant outlet such that a coolant medium can flow through the wall-channel, and a thermoplastic-based layer bonded to the base part such that it covers and thereby closes off the wall-channel, wherein the wall concerned is oriented in the tray such that it faces one or more of the battery module receiving chambers with a plate side thereof having the layer bonded thereto, and wherein the bottom wall comprises a plate shaped base part made of a thermoplastic material and comprising a bottom-channel for a flow of a coolant medium on at least one plate side of the base part, wherein the bottom-channel is in connection with the coolant inlet and with the coolant outlet such that a coolant medium can flow through the bottom- channel, and a thermal conductive layer, preferably a thermal conductive film, bonded to the base part such that it covers and thereby closes off the bottom-channel, wherein the bottom wall is oriented such that it faces the receiving space with an inner plate side thereof having the layer bonded thereto. The invention also relates to a system including one or more of said trays and a cooling system as well as to a method for cooling a plurality of battery modules.
H01M 50/204 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
H01M 50/22 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
95.
A TRAY AND A SYSTEM FOR HOUSING AT LEAST ONE BATTERY MODULE AND A METHOD FOR COOLING AT LEAST ONE BATTERY MODULE HOUSED IN A TRAY OF A SYSTEM
The present invention relates to a tray for housing at least one battery module, the tray comprising a bottom wall and side walls defining a receiving space for the at least one battery module, and at least one coolant inlet and at least one coolant outlet, wherein at least one of the side walls and/or the bottom wall comprises a plate shaped base part, and a first thermoplastic-based layer, preferably a polyolefin-based layer, particularly preferably a polyolefin-based film, attached to or positioned against the base part, and a second thermoplastic-based layer, preferably a polyolefin-based layer, particularly preferably a polyolefin-based film, bonded to the first layer, wherein at least one channel is provided between the first layer and the second layer for a flow of a coolant medium, wherein the channel is in connection with the at least one coolant inlet and with the at least one coolant outlet such that a coolant medium can flow through the channel, wherein the wall concerned is oriented in the tray such that the second layer faces the receiving space. The invention also relates to a system for housing at least one battery module and to a method for cooling at least one battery module housed in a tray of a system.
H01M 50/204 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
H01M 50/22 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
A process for forming a foamed article including injecting a molten mixture including a foaming agent and a polymer composition into a mold; and solidifying the molten mixture in the mold to form the foamed article, wherein the injecting includes controlling a flow length to thickness ratio of the molten mixture to be less than 160, or less than 120, and controlling an in-mold linear speed of the molten mixture to be 40 to 140 centimeters per second or 50 to 120 centimeters per second.
B29C 44/42 - Feeding the material to be shaped into a closed space, i.e. to make articles of definite length using pressure difference, e.g. by injection or by vacuum
B29C 45/77 - Measuring, controlling or regulating of velocity or pressure of moulding material
Disclosed is a method of preparing a polymer composite component, wherein the method comprises uniformly dispersing glycerol and metal ions on a polymer powder to create a polymer composite powder, extruding the polymer composite powder at a temperature of at least 80° C., thereby converting a portion of the metal ions to metal atoms, and then forming the component from the extruded polymer composite. The component can be a thin film, to be applies to surfaces to increase antimicrobial properties.
An article of manufacture comprising a polyester composition, the article comprising, as measured by differential scanning calorimetry with a heating rate of 20° C. per minute on first heating according to ASTM D3418, at least two different crystalline melting temperatures, wherein a first crystalline melting temperature and a second crystalline melting temperature are each independently 200-290° C.; and a first heat of fusion and a second heat of fusion that are each independently at least 3 J/g, preferably wherein a ratio of the first heat of fusion to the second heat of fusion is 1:5-5:1, wherein the polyester composition comprises a first polyester having a phosphorous content of greater than or equal to 20 ppm, a second polyester, and 5-50 weight percent of a plurality of fibers, based on the total weight of the polyester composition, wherein the plurality of fibers have a diameter of 5-25 micrometers.
The invention relates to a composition comprising (A) a heterophasic propylene copolymer, (B) a propylene homopolymer and (C) a polyolefin-based elastomer, wherein (A) the heterophasic propylene copolymer consists of (al) a propylene-based matrix, wherein the propylene-based matrix consists of a propylene homopolymer and/or a propylene copolymer consisting of at least 90 wt % of propylene monomer units and at most 10 wt % of ethylene and/or α-olefin monomer units, based on the total weight of the propylene-based matrix and (a2) a dispersed ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, wherein the sum of the total amount of propylene-based matrix and total amount of the dispersed ethylene-α-olefin copolymer in the heterophasic propylene copolymer is 100 wt %, (C) the polyolefin-based elastomer has a melt flow index of 15 to 50 dg/min measured according to ASTM D1238 with a 2.16 kg load at 190° C., the total amount of (a2) and (C) with respect to the total composition is 20.0 to 26.0 wt % and the composition has a melt flow index as measured according to ISOl133-1:2011 with a 2.16 kg load at 230° C. of 25 to 60 dg/min.
This disclosure includes steam cracking systems, and methods of steam cracking in such systems. At least some configurations of the present steam cracking systems comprise: a quench unit having a quench unit inlet; and a radiative electric furnace having an fluid inlet and a fluid outlet in fluid communication with the quench unit inlet. Some such furnaces comprise: a housing defining a radiant heating chamber having a length, a width, and a height; one or more first electric heating elements disposed on a first side of the radiant heating chamber; one or more second electric heating elements disposed on a second side of the radiant heating chamber and spaced apart from the first electric heating element(s); a plurality of first tubes disposed between the first and second electric heating elements, and extending at least a majority of the length of the radiant heating chamber; and a plurality of second tubes disposed between the first and second electric heating elements, and extending at least a majority of the length of the radiant heating chamber; where the first tubes are in fluid communication with the fluid inlet and configured to carry a fluid in a first direction from a first end of the radiant heating chamber toward a second end of the radiant heating chamber; and where the second tubes are in fluid communication with the fluid inlet and configured to carry a fluid in a second direction from a second end of the radiant heating chamber toward a first end of the radiant heating chamber.
C10G 9/24 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by heating with electrical means
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
