Abstract

An electrical pulse generating arrangement (100) is disclosed, which is connected or connectable to a load (90). The electrical pulse generating arrangement (100) comprises an electrical pulse generating module (10), which comprises a first electrical energy storage module (40) and a power supply (30) configured to selectively charge the first electrical energy storage module (40). The electrical pulse generating module (10) is configured to generate one or more electrical pulses by charging and discharging of the first electrical energy storage module (40), wherein when the first electrical energy storage module (40) is discharged, an electrical pulse is created to be conveyed to the load (90). The electrical pulse generating arrangement (100) comprises an electrical pulse shape adjustment circuit (80) connected or connectable in series with the load (90). The electrical pulse shape adjustment circuit (80) comprises at least a first resistor (81), an inductor (82) and a second electrical energy storage module (83).

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 3/53 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback

Abstract

An electrical pulse generating device (100) is disclosed, which is connected or connectable to a load (90). The electrical pulse generating device comprises an electrical energy storage module (40), and a power supply (30), which is configured to selectively charge the electrical energy storage module. The electrical pulse generating device comprises a switching unit (50) configured such that the electrical conductivity of a current path through the switching unit is controllable by transmission of a modulated digital drive signal to the switching unit, whereby the switching unit is controllably switchable between different operational states thereof based on the digital drive signal. The electrical pulse generating device is configured to generate one or more electrical pulses by charging and discharging of the electrical energy storage module, wherein when the electrical energy storage module is discharged, at least a part of an electrical pulse is created to be conveyed to the load. The switching unit is connected to the power supply and to the electrical energy storage module, respectively, such that the power supply charges the electrical energy storage module by way of a charging current supplied by the power supply, or the electrical energy storage module is discharged so as to create an electrical pulse to be conveyed to the load, based on switching of the switching unit between different operational states thereof, wherein the shape of the electrical pulse created by the discharge of the electrical energy storage module is at least in part governed by the modulation of the digital drive signal. A control module (60) is configured to generate a modulated digital drive signal and transmit the digital drive signal to the switching unit. The modulated digital drive signal is generated based on a selected electrical pulse shape such that the shape of the electrical pulse, which is created by the discharge of the electrical energy storage module based on switching of the switching unit between different operational states thereof based on the digital drive signal, conforms to the selected electrical pulse shape.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 4/02 - Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having stepped portions, e.g. staircase waveform
• H03K 5/05 - Shaping pulses by increasing durationShaping pulses by decreasing duration by the use of clock signals or other time reference signals
• H03K 5/08 - Shaping pulses by limiting, by thresholding, by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding
• H03K 5/12 - Shaping pulses by steepening leading or trailing edges
• H03K 3/57 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
• H03K 7/00 - Modulating pulses with a continuously-variable modulating signal
• H03K 7/02 - Amplitude modulation, i.e. PAM

Abstract

An arrangement (100) is disclosed, comprising at least one electrical energy storage module (30; 35) configured such that it can be charged or discharged, the at least one electrical energy storage module (30; 35) being connectable or connected to a load (40), and a power converter arrangement (50) connectable or connected to a power source (60) that is supplying AC power having a plurality of phases. The power converter arrangement (50) is configured to repeatedly charge at least one of the at least one electrical energy storage module (30; 35), wherein the at least one electrical energy storage module (30; 35) is connectable or connected to the load (40) such that when the at least one of the at least one electrical energy storage module (30; 35) is discharged, an electrical pulse is created to be received by the load (40) when the at least one electrical energy storage module (30; 35) is connected to the load (40), wherein by repeated charging and discharging of at least one of the at least one electrical energy storage module (30; 35), a plurality of successive electrical pulses are created to be received by the load (40) when the at least one electrical energy storage module (30; 35) is connected to the load (40). The power converter arrangement (50) comprises an input rectifier (70) arranged to receive AC power supplied by the power source, the input rectifier (70) being a multi-phase rectifier comprising a plurality of phase legs (71, 72, 73), the phase legs (71, 72, 73) being connectable or connected to respective ones of a plurality of phase conductors of the power source (60) carrying the plurality of phases of the AC power supplied by the power source (60), each phase leg (71, 72, 73) comprising at least one first switch unit (76; 76, 77) controllably switchable between at least a conducting state and a non-conducting state. At least one control module (80) is configured to carry out active power factor correction by controlling timing of switching of the at least one first switch unit of each phase leg such that the waveform of the current drawn from the power source (60) by the input rectifier corresponds to, or comes closer to corresponding to, the waveform of the AC voltage of the power source (60).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 7/217 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
• H02M 11/00 - Power conversion systems not covered by the other groups of this subclass
• H03K 3/57 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device

Abstract

An output rectifier (10) is disclosed which is electrically connected or connectable in a current path between a power supply (20) and an electrical energy storage module (30). The power supply (20) is configured to supply power to the electrical energy storage module (30) via the output rectifier (10). The output rectifier (10) comprises at least one diode (11, 12, 13, 14) at least in part based on silicon carbide. An arrangement (100) comprising the output rectifier (10) is also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/34 - Snubber circuits
• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H02M 7/06 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
• H02M 11/00 - Power conversion systems not covered by the other groups of this subclass
• H02M 9/02 - Conversion of DC or AC input power into surge output power with DC input power
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

An arrangement (10, 20, 30) id disclosed, comprising a magnetic element (10) and at least a first winding (10) and a second winding (20), wherein each of the first winding (20) and the second winding (30) is wound in a plurality of turns (41, 42, 43, 44, 51, 52, 53, 54) around at least a portion of the magnetic element (10), and wherein at least a part or portion of the plurality of turns (51, 52, 53, 54) of the second winding (30) wound around the at least a portion of the magnetic element is arranged in spaced relation to at least a part or portion of the plurality of turns (41, 42, 43, 44) of the first winding (20) wound around the at least a portion of the magnetic element (10), thereby defining at least one gap (61, 62) between the at least a part or portion of the plurality of turns (51, 52, 53, 54) of the second winding (30) and the at least a part or portion of the plurality of turns (41, 42, 43) of the first winding (20). At least the magnetic element (10) and the first winding (20) and the second winding (30) define an assembly of the arrangement (10, 20, 30), and wherein at least a part or portion of the assembly is arranged so as to be embedded in a thermally conductive material (70) and such that at the same time a flow of air in the at least one gap (61, 62) is permitted.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01F 27/08 - CoolingVentilating

Abstract

An arrangement (10) is disclosed, comprising at least one switching element (50) including a terminal (53), a switching element terminal sourcing and/or sinking circuit (95) connected to the at least one switching element and arranged for sourcing charge to and/or sinking charge from to the terminal (53), and a plurality of resistor elements (61-62, 63-64, 65-66, 67-68, 71-72, 73-74, 75-76, 77-78) connectable between the switching element terminal sourcing and/or sinking circuit (95) and the at least one switching element (50) and arranged so that at least a selected subset of the plurality of resistor elements (61-62, 63-64, 65-66, 67-68, 71-72, 73-74, 75-76, 77-78) can be selectively connected to the at least one switching element (50) or selectively disconnected from the at least one switching element (50).

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 3/57 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
• H03K 17/16 - Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
• H03K 3/013 - Modifications of generator to prevent operation by noise or interference
• H03K 3/021 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of more than one type of element or means, e.g. BIMOS, composite devices such as IGBT

Abstract

An arrangement (100) is disclosed, comprising an electrical pulse generating module (10) configured to generate at least one electrical pulse, and a transformer (20) electrically connected to the electrical pulse generating module (10). The electrical pulse generating module (10) comprises an electrical energy storage module (40) that can be charged or discharged, and a switch unit (50) controllably switchable between at least a conducting state and a non-conducting state. When the switch unit (50) is switched into the non-conducting state, a power supply (30) charges the electrical energy storage module (40) by way of a charging current. When the switch unit (50) is switched into the conducting state, the electrical energy storage module (40) is discharged to create an electrical pulse to be received by the transformer (20). The electrical pulse generating module (10) comprises a flyback protection unit (60) configured to protect the switch unit (50) against flyback upon the switch unit (50) being switched into the non-conducting state. The flyback protection unit (60) forms a current path (65) that bypasses the transformer (20), and is configured such that a relation between the voltage drop across the flyback protection unit (60) for the charging current and the voltage drop across the transformer (20) for the charging current is such so as to cause the charging current to be directed via the transformer (20) at least to some extent.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
• H02M 1/40 - Means for preventing magnetic saturation
• H02M 9/04 - Conversion of DC or AC input power into surge output power with DC input power using capacitative stores
• H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

Abstract

In general, the capacitor charger system (100) comprises a resonant power converter (110) for connection to a capacitor (200) via an output rectifier (120). The resonant power converter (110) comprises a switch-based bridge network (112), an internal transformer (118), a resonant circuit (114), and an amplitude stabilization circuit (116). The switch-based bridge network (112) comprises at least one pair of controlled switches. The resonant circuit (114) includes a series-resonant branch comprising at least one capacitive component and at least one inductive component, and the resonant circuit is connected in the circuit path to a midpoint between a pair of controlled switches of the switch-based bridge network. Furthermore, the amplitude stabilization circuit (116) is configured to provide stabilization of the resonant amplitude of the resonant circuit, and the amplitude stabilization circuit includes one-way conducting circuitry connected between i) an unrestricted node defined by a junction anywhere in the circuit path from a capacitive component to an inductive component of the series-resonant branch and ii) at least one connection point of the resonant power converter having a predefined voltage level at operation. The resonant power converter (110) is configured for connection to the output rectifier (120) via the secondary winding of the internal transformer (118).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/337 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration

Abstract

The invention relates to a capacitor charger system (100) comprising a capacitor charger module (110), an isolated acquisition module (120), and a digital control module (130). The isolated acquisition module (120) is configured for sampling an output voltage level of said capacitor charger module (110). The digital control module (130) is connected to the isolated acquisition module (120) via a bi-directional link and connected to the capacitor charger module (110) via a control signal interface. The digital control module (130) is configured for generating control signal information and synchronization signal information based on data representative of sampled output voltage levels received via the bi-directional link from the isolated acquisition module. The digital control module (130) is further configured for sending the control signal information to the capacitor charger module (110) via the control signal interface and for sending the synchronization signal information to the isolated acquisition module (120) via the bi-directional link. The capacitor charger module (110) is controlled based on the control signal information from the digital control module, and the isolated acquisition module (120) is configured for performing sampling based on the synchronization signal information.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 9/04 - Conversion of DC or AC input power into surge output power with DC input power using capacitative stores
• H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

A particle accelerator (100) comprises a power supply arrangement (110), a plurality of solid-state switched drive sections (120), a plurality of magnetic core sections (130) and a switch control module (140). The drive sections (120) are connected to the power supply arrangement (110) for receiving electrical power therefrom, and each drive section comprises a solid-state switch, electronically controllable at turn-on and turn-off, for selectively providing a drive pulse at an output of the drive section. The magnetic core sections (130) are symmetrically arranged along a central beam axis, and each magnetic core of the sections is coupled to a respective drive section (120) through an electrical winding connected to the output of the drive section. The switch control module (140) is connected to the drive sections (120) for providing control signals to control turn-on and turn-off of the solid state switches to selectively drive magnetic cores to induce an electric field for accelerating the beam of charged particles along the beam axis.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05H 7/04 - Magnet systemsEnergisation thereof
• H05H 9/02 - Travelling-wave linear accelerators

Abstract

A power modulator comprises a plurality of switched pulse generator sections (22), a power supply arrangement (10), and a transformer arrangement (30). A switch control (24) is connected to said plurality of switched pulse generator sections (22) for providing control signals for turning on and/or turning off them. The switch control (24) is arranged to provide control signals for turning on and/or turning off switched pulse generator sections of a first subset at a first time instant and to provide control signals for turning on and/or turning off switched pulse generator sections of a second subset at a second time instant, different from the first time instant. The second subset is different from the first subset.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 3/57 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
• H02M 7/48 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H03K 17/0412 - Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit
• H03K 17/296 - Modifications to provide a choice of time-intervals for executing more than one switching action and automatically terminating their operation after the programme is completed
• H03K 17/28 - Modifications for introducing a time delay before switching
• H03K 17/284 - Modifications for introducing a time delay before switching in field-effect transistor switches

Abstract

A pulse transformer arrangement (100) is built from an uncut pulse transformer core (110) and at least one foil winding (120-A, 120-B) (each) comprising multiple insulated conducting strips arranged around the core and ending in foil winding terminals to form multiple independent primary windings. This new design principle has several advantages. Making the winding(s) of foil eliminates the need to cut the core, because of the ease of insertion of the foil winding(s) onto the core. The work to set up a plurality of primary windings is significantly reduced. In addition to the elimination of the costs for cutting the core, this also brings the further advantages of reduced DC reset current, reduced risk for electrical shorts and avoidance of excessive losses due to potential high frequency AC resistance problems.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01F 27/28 - CoilsWindingsConductive connections
• H01F 41/04 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets for manufacturing coils