[Problem] In a carbon dioxide collection device and an operation method therefor, to simultaneously achieve an increase in absorption liquid temperature by heating absorption liquid that is being transported from a regeneration column to an absorption column and a reduction of the volume of steam supplied to the regeneration column without changing the conditions for steam supply. [Solution] Primary hot water (35) from a reboiler (21) of the regeneration column (8) is flashed to generate a flashed steam (39); the flashed steam is compressed to generate a VR steam (38) and is supplied to the reboiler; and post-flashing secondary hot water (37) is used as a heat source for heating a rich absorption liquid (9) that is transported to the regeneration column. When doing so, a VR absorption liquid steam (41) obtained by flashing a lean absorption liquid (10) that is transported from the regeneration column to the absorption column (7) can be pressurized and supplied to the regeneration column.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/34 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spray nozzle which both promotes atomization of the whole spray fluid by promoting atomization of the central portion of the spray in which the particle diameters in the spray fluid are relatively large, and reduces the pressurizing force or the use amount of the spray medium used in atomizing the spray particles. The spray nozzle (1) is configured from an outer surface partition wall (15) and an internally housed structure (16). The spray nozzle is provided with a spray fluid flow path (4) circulating the spray fluid (2), a spray medium flow path (6) circulating the spray medium (3), and a first mixing area (91) which communicates with both flow paths and in which a mixed fluid (8) is formed. Mixed fluid flow paths (9, 10) down which the mixed fluid (8) flows are arranged oppositely, and the currents of the mixed fluid (8), which are opposite in a second mixing area near an outlet (11), collide, and the mixed fluid (8) is sprayed out externally from the outlet (11). Also, the spray nozzle (1) is provided with a second spray medium flow path (17) circulating a different spray medium (18) and arranged so as to communicate with the mixed fluid flow paths (9, 10).
B05B 1/04 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops in flat form, e.g. fan-like, sheet-like
B05B 7/04 - Spray pistolsApparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
F23C 1/10 - Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in air liquid and pulverulent fuel
F23D 11/10 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
3.
SPRAY NOZZLE, BURNER EQUIPPED WITH SPRAY NOZZLE, AND COMBUSTION DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH BURNER
A spray nozzle (1) that uses a spray medium to spray and burn a liquid fuel, wherein a fluid mixture (8) is formed by mixing a spray fluid (2) and a spray medium (3) in first convergence sections (91) of the spray nozzle, with this fluid mixture (8) passing through fluid mixture flow paths (9, 10) and the opposing flows of this fluid mixture (8) colliding in a second convergence section (92) near an outlet hole (11), and being sprayed from the outlet hole (11). The flow path cross-sectional area of the fluid mixture flow paths (9, 10) is formed so as to be narrower near the outlet hole (11), thereby increasing the flow speed of the fluid mixture (8) and promoting the atomization of the fluid mixture (8) due to the collision. By means of this spray nozzle the combustion reaction can be promoted, unburned component, soot, and carbon monoxide at the outlet of the combustion device can be reduced, and combustion efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, the consumption of oxygen is promoted by hastening the combustion reaction, thereby suppressing the generation of nitrogen oxides.
In order to provide a combined power generation plant with which an increase in power generation costs can be prevented, this combined power generation plant is equipped with: a first power generation plant that uses solar heat to generate steam; a second power generation plant that uses a boiler to generate steam; a steam turbine; and power generators (64, 65). The first power generation plant is equipped with a low-temperature heating device (13), a steam separation device (4), and a high-temperature heating device (14) that uses solar heat to superheat the steam separated by the steam separation device (4). The second power generation plant is equipped with: a steam generation unit having a reheated steam system heat exchanger (10a) and a primary steam system heat exchanger (10b); a water supply pump (11); and a water supply heater (12) that uses extracted steam from the steam turbine to heat the water from the water supply pump (11). In addition, a high-pressure turbine (60), a medium-pressure turbine (61), and a low-pressure turbine (62) are provided. In a first power generation mode that uses the first power generation plant, power is generated with the medium-pressure turbine (61) and the low-pressure turbine (62). In a second power generation mode that uses the second power plant, power is generated with the high-pressure turbine (60), the medium-pressure turbine (61), and the low-pressure turbine (62).
The present invention reduces the number of heliostat-driving robots without reducing the amount of heat collected in a heat collecting apparatus. This solar heat collecting system is provided with: a plurality of heliostats (5), each heliostat having a mirror that reflects sunlight, and an angle adjustment mechanism that adjusts the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the mirror; a heat collecting apparatus (3) that receives sunlight reflected and collected by the plurality of heliostats; and mobile heliostat-driving robots that move to each heliostat, and drive the angle adjustment mechanisms to adjust the angle of the mirrors. By setting the period in which the angles of the mirrors are to be adjusted by the heliostat-driving robots to short and long (one minute to five minutes) according to the long and short distances (100 meters to 20 meters) that the plurality of heliostats are from the heat collecting apparatus (3), fewer heliostat-driving robots are positioned in an area in which the distance is close (20 meters and over) than in an area in which the distance is far (up to 100 meters) from the heat collecting apparatus (3).
A combustion device, wherein pulverized coal burners (31) each comprising a pulverized coal nozzle (8) which is provided with a venturi (7) having a throttling part and a concentrator (6) in a fuel flow path (2) and has a cross section formed in a circular shape up to the vicinity of the throttling part and gradually formed in a flattened shape in a horizontal direction and having a maximum flatness degree at an opening (32) in a furnace wall surface are arranged in multiple tiers and multiple lines in at least one surface of furnace wall surfaces (18). By appropriately arranging wide width directions of the flattened shaped nozzles (8) of the burners (31) in vertical and horizontal directions, it becomes possible to effectively use the interior of a furnace, perform combustion at low NOx concentration with high efficiency, prevent ash adhesion and corrosion at furnace sidewalls, and reduce unburned fuel loss due to unburned ash falling into a furnace hopper
A pulverized coal nozzle (8) is formed to have a portion in which the cross sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis (C) of the outer peripheral wall thereof monotonously spreads in a horizontal direction up to the vicinity of an opening (32) in a furnace wall surface (18) and gradually increases the flatness degree thereof, and have a flattened shape at the opening (18), a secondary air nozzle (10) is formed to have a flattened cross sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis (C) thereof at the outlet on the furnace side thereof, and a tertiary air nozzle (15) is formed to have a circular cross sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis (C) of the nozzle at the opening (32) and be divided into two parts by a partition plate (14) in order to form a plurality of parallel flow paths therein, and is formed such that a guide plate (16) is provided in a tertiary air flow path (5) in the tertiary air nozzle (15) in order to increase the flow rate in the vertical direction of combustion air jetted from the tertiary air nozzle (15) to a furnace (11). By increasing the momentum deviation in the vertical direction even under a low load condition where the air flow rate is low and stably deflecting a flame, the NOx concentration can be reduced.
Provided is a catalyst structure which is provided with a stirring unit that has a simple structure and that is in contact with catalyst elements adjacent to each other and which can efficiently stir a gas stream with a minimized increase in pressure loss. This catalyst structure is provided with: first and second flat plates which each support, on the surface, a component that has a catalytic activity on an exhaust gas and which are faced with each other; and a stirring unit which is set at a prescribed angle to the flow direction of the exhaust gas and in contact with the first and second flat plates.
A method for discharge gas denitration which can inhibit the deterioration of a denitration catalyst to be used for treating a discharge gas resulting from biomass combustion and which lessens the frequency of catalyst replacement, the method comprising blowing ammonia or urea as a reducing agent into a discharge gas resulting from combustion of biomass alone or of a mixture of a biomass fuel and coal and bringing the discharge gas into contact with a denitration catalyst that comprises titanium oxide as a main component, thereby reducing and removing the nitrogen oxides contained in the discharge gas, wherein sulfuric acid or SO3 gas is injected into the discharge gas which is flowing on the upstream side of the denitration catalyst.
Provided is a vertical pulverizing apparatus capable of increasing work efficiency by suppressing wear on a throat vane (40) and extending wear-resistance life. The present invention is characterized in that: a throat (4) is provided between a housing (32) and a pulverizing table (2), the throat (4) having an annular flow channel surrounded by a throat inner peripheral wall (41) and a throat outer peripheral wall (42), and the annular flow channel being partitioned by a plurality of throat vanes (40); and the invention is provided with an inclined part (43a, 43b) extending diagonally downward from the inner peripheral wall surface of the housing (32) toward the top end side of the throat outer peripheral wall (42), and a horizontal part (44) extending from the bottom end of the inclined part (43b) continuing to the top end of the throat outer peripheral wall (42), a top end surface (40a) of the throat vane (40) and a top surface of the horizontal part (44) being set at the same height.
Provided is a vertical-type mill whereby abrasion of a hopper and accumulation of coarse particles in the hopper can both be prevented. A vertical-type mill provided with a milling mechanism for milling a material to be milled and obtaining solid particles by meshing of a milling roller or milling ball and a milling table, a classification mechanism having a classifier for classifying milled solid particles and a hopper (11) for collecting coarse particles that are classified by the classifier and dropped downward and leading the coarse particles toward the milling mechanism, a raw material feeding pipe (1) for charging the material to be milled into the milling table, and housings (43a, b), wherein the raw material feeding pipe is provided in the hopper so that the relationship 0.15 ≤ L'/L ≤ 0.5 is satisfied, where, using the boundary line between a cylindrical part of the hopper and an inverted conical part of the hopper as a reference position, L is the distance from the reference position to the top end of the hopper, and L' is the distance from the reference position to the bottom end (1a) of the raw material feeding pipe.
Provided is a seismic tie for increasing the vibration-absorbing performance of a boiler body and reducing the seismic load acting on a support structure. A seismic tie disposed between the support structure comprising a plurality of pillars and joists and a boiler body suspended from an upper joist has a hinge joint structure comprising an elastic-member link and an elasto-plastic member pin (16). The pin (16) has a circular-sectioned bearing section (16C) in the center, and a pin spindle-shaped cut-processed section (16B) comprising: a web section (16W), in which a spindle-shaped pin, the diameter of which becomes gradually smaller toward the hinge joint area, is partially cut-processed; and a flange section (16F) existing at the outer edge of the web section. The web section (16W) is configured such that both side sections are cut into a plate shape in the axial direction of the pin, and the ratio of the sectional area of the flange section to the sectional area of the web section in a section perpendicular to the pin axis direction is 1.3 to 1.7.
This system for chemically absorbing carbon dioxide has: a carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption tower for isolating CO2 from combustion exhaust gas by absorbing CO2 in the combustion exhaust gas into a CO2 absorption liquid having an aqueous solution of an alkanolamine as the primary component; a renewal tower for renewing the CO2 absorption liquid by causing the desorption of CO2 gas from the CO2 absorption liquid that has absorbed CO2; a cooler for obtaining recycled water by condensing water vapor entrained in the desorbed CO2 gas discharged from the apex of the renewal tower; tubing for returning some or all of the recycled water obtained in the cooler to the apex of the renewal tower and causing dispersing in the renewal tower; a recovery board for recovering the recycled water dispersed at the top of the filled layer of the renewal tower; tubing for sending renewed CO2 absorption liquid from the bottom of the renewal tower to the apex of the absorption tower; and tubing for causing a confluence of the recycled water recovered at the recovery board with the tubing for sending the renewed CO2 absorption liquid.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/34 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
The present invention is a spray nozzle for spraying liquid fuel as a spray fluid by applying pressure thereto, and mixing another fluid as a spray medium with the spray fluid and jetting a mixed fluid by applying pressure thereto, the spray nozzle being characterized by being provided with multiple jet holes for jetting the spray fluid at the tip of the spray nozzle, and characterized in that a spray fluid flow path through which the spray fluid flows down and which communicates with one jet hole of the provided multiple jet holes is provided inside the tip of the spray nozzle such that only the spray fluid is jetted from the one jet hole, and another spray fluid flow path through which the spray fluid flows down, a spray medium flow path through which the spray medium flows down, and a joined flow path which these spray fluid flow path and spray medium flow path join are provided inside the tip of the spray nozzle such that the mixed fluid of the spray fluid and the spray medium is jetted from another jet hole of the provided multiple jet holes, and the joined flow path communicates with the other jet hole. According to the present invention, it is possible to implement a spray nozzle which accelerates ignition by collecting fine particles in the vicinity of the spray nozzle, and accelerates the mixing of sprayed particle and combustion air by increasing the spray momentum to thereby reduce the amount of generation of soot and dust.
An exhaust gas treatment system, comprising: CO2 chemical absorption equipment having an absorption tower for absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) in combustion exhaust gas discharged from a combustion device using an absorption liquid mainly composed of an amine compound, and a regeneration tower for removing CO2 from the absorption liquid having absorbed the CO2 and regenerating the absorption liquid; a flash tank for depressurizing and flash-evaporating absorption liquid taken out from a lower part of the regeneration tower; vapor recompression equipment for compressing the vapor created by the flash tank; a temperature control device for adjusting to a predetermined temperature the vapor compressed by the vapor recompression equipment; and pipework for supplying to the regeneration tower the vapor adjusted to the predetermined temperature by the temperature control device.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/34 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
A first guide member (34) and, to the rear side thereof, a second guide member (35), for a secondary air flow (17), are provided in the outlet end part of a fuel nozzle (11) on a partition (29) which is the outer circumferential wall of the nozzle (11). The second guide member (35) is retained by a plurality of cooling fins (36) which are positioned uniformly around the entire circumference of the nozzle partition (29), and the first guide member (34) forms the secondary air flow (17a) and the secondary air flow (17b) conducted from the gap between the second guide member (35) and the partition (29)to the front surface side of the second guide member (35), into an outward flow from the centre axis of the burner, which prevents cooling and attachment of combustion ash on the front surface side of the second guide member (35), thereby maintaining the fuel ignition and flaming stability at the burner outlet.
[Problem] To provide a drying conveyer device capable of efficiently and uniformly drying coarse particles. [Solution] The present invention is characterized in that a gas discharger (29) is provided on a bottom part of a transport member (25), a wind box (35) is provided for supplying a drying gas (49) from below the transport member (25), an object to be transported (2) is placed within the transport member (25), the drying gas (35) is discharged from the gas discharger (29) into the transport member (25) when the transport member (25) passes over the wind box (35), and the object to be transported (2) is dried while a fluidized bed thereof is formed.
F26B 17/04 - Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materialsMachines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
B65G 17/12 - Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriersEndless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface comprising a series of individual load-carriers fixed, or normally fixed, relative to traction element
F23K 1/00 - Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
F23K 1/04 - Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
F26B 3/08 - Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
18.
SOLAR HEAT BOILER AND SOLAR HEAT ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION PLANT
[Problem] To provide a solar heat boiler which can be obtained without increasing facility cost and construction cost and in which damage to a heat transfer pipe can be avoided. [Solution] A solar heat boiler is characterized by comprising: a low-temperature heating device (13) for heating water by solar heat, the water being supplied from a water supply pump (11); a steam-water separation device (4) for separating two-phase fluid of water and steam into water and steam, the two-phase fluid of water and steam having been generated by the low-temperature heating device (13); a high-temperature heating device (14) for heating the steam by the solar heat, the steam having been separated by the steam-water separation device (4); and a circulation pump (15) for supplying the water to the low-temperature heating device (13), the water having been separated by the steam-water separation device (4).
F24J 2/42 - Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
F01K 27/02 - Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
F03G 6/00 - Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
F22G 1/16 - Steam superheating characterised by heating method by using a separate heat source independent from heat supply of the steam boiler, e.g. by electricity, by auxiliary combustion of fuel oil
F24J 2/14 - semi-cylindrical or cylindro-parabolic
F24J 2/24 - the working fluid being conveyed through tubular heat absorbing conduits
19.
COMBUSTION EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM AND COMBUSTION EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT METHOD
This combustion exhaust gas treatment system comprises a heat exchanger (A) for recovering heat in combustion exhaust gas to a heating medium; an absorption tower for absorbing the CO2 contained in combustion exhaust gas to an absorbent; a heat exchanger (B) for imparting the heat recovered by the heating medium to the absorbent that has absorbed CO2; a regeneration tower for expelling from the absorbent that has absorbed CO2, thereby regenerating the absorbent; a flash tank for flash-evaporating the regenerated absorbent; and a heat exchanger (E) for transferring heat from the regenerated absorbent to the absorbent that has absorbed CO2. The combustion exhaust gas treatment system can supply absorbent that has absorbed CO2 from the absorption tower to the regeneration tower, via the heat exchanger (E) and heat exchanger (B) in this order, and can supply regenerated absorbent from the regeneration tower to the absorption tower, via the flash tank and the heat exchanger (E) in this order.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
[Problem] The present invention relates to a large-size boiler and the construction of a building therefor, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a boiler facility, the method being capable of reducing the time until a boiler is installed. [Solution] A method for constructing a boiler facility is characterized in that the method comprises: a main column installation step in which main columns (14) located at four places of a boiler building are installed; a large-beam installation step in which, after the main column installation step, large beams (22) are lifted and affixed between the main columns (14) by jack devices (40) provided to the upper portions of the main columns (14); a boiler installation step in which, after the large-beam installation step, a boiler body (30) is lifted and affixed through the jack devices (40) provided to the large beams (22); and a floor unit installation step in which, in parallel with both the large-beam installation step and the boiler installation step, a floor unit (14a) forming each floor of the main columns (14) is lifted and affixed by the jack devices (40) provided to the upper portions of the main columns (14).
This carbon dioxide eliminating device has: a CO2 absorbing section having the function of contacting exhaust gas containing CO2 to an aqueous solution of an amino compound, causing the CO2 to be absorbed by the absorbing liquid to obtain CO2-eliminated exhaust gas; a washing section having the function of contacting the CO2-eliminated exhaust gas obtained at the CO2 absorbing section to washing water, eliminating the amino compound; an absorbing liquid regenerating section having the function of heating the absorbing liquid that has absorbed CO2 and that is obtained at the CO2 absorbing section, driving out CO2 from the absorbing liquid; a condenser having the function of cooling the CO2 driven out in the absorbing liquid regenerating section, condensing water entrained in the CO2; a tube that supplies the condensed water obtained at the condenser to the washing section as washing water; a means for measuring the concentration of carbonate ions contained in the washing water that has passed through the washing section and/or a means for measuring the concentration of the amino compound contained in the CO2-eliminated exhaust gas that has passed through the washing section; and a means for adjusting the amount of washing water supplied to the washing section on the basis of the measured value of the concentration of the amino compound and/or the concentration of carbonate ions.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
SOUND WAVE GENERATING DEVICE, SONIC EXTRANEOUS MATTER ELIMINATING/MINIMIZING DEVICE, SONIC SOOT BLOWER DEVICE, HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE, EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT DEVICE, AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT USING SAME, METHOD OF OPERATING SOUND WAVE GENERATING DEVICE, AND METHOD OF OPERATING HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE
[Problem] To provide a sound wave generating device capable of running over an extended life, and able to generate sound waves of high acoustic pressure while consuming a minimal amount of compressed gas. [Solution] A sound wave generating device provided with: a diaphragm (3); a retainer (16) for retaining the diaphragm (3); a mouthpiece (4) having a rim (17); a pressure accumulator (19) furnished to the outside of the mouthpiece (4); a compressed gas supply system (10) for supplying a compressed gas (2) to the pressure accumulator (19); and an acoustic conduit formed by the mouthpiece (4), a resonance tube (7), and a horn (8); characterized by being furnished with a means for pushing the diaphragm (3) against the rim (17) of the mouthpiece (4) by compressed air (25) from the back surface side of the diaphragm (3).
G10K 9/04 - Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers driven by gas, e.g. suction operated by compressed gases, e.g. compressed air
F23J 3/00 - Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
F28G 1/16 - Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
23.
AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL PIPE, BOILER DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING INNER SURFACE OF PIPE
With the present invention the inner surface (5) of an austenitic stainless steel pipe (1) is subjected to shot processing by means of shot particles (3), and the quality of the water vapor oxidation resistance of the pipe inner surface (5) is determined on the basis of the degree of hardness at a predetermined depth from the post-processing outermost surface of the steel pipe (1) which has been subjected to shot processing. In the aforementioned determination, when the roughness of the pipe inner surface (5) after the pipe inner surface (5) has been subjected to shot processing has an arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of 2 μm or less, or when the hardness at the predetermined depth is 300 Hv or greater, it is determined that the pipe inner surface has excellent water vapor oxidation resistance. Thus, an austenitic stainless steel pipe for which the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of the pipe inner surface (5) is 2 μm or less or for which the hardness at the predetermined depth is 300 Hv or greater can be used as a heat transfer pipe for a boiler.
C21D 7/06 - Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
B24C 1/10 - Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effectsUse of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
F22B 37/04 - Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler and characterised by material, e.g. use of special steel alloy
24.
EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM AND EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT METHOD
Combining a desulfurization unit and a fresh water generator that is based on membrane treatment can reduce costs. A gas cooler (11) operates as a heat exchanger that cools exhaust gas (1) that flows into an absorption column (12) using treatment water (21) (treated sea water 20)and also heats the treatment water (21) using the heat of the exhaust gas (1). The water content of the exhaust gas (1) is condensed by gas cooling and fed to the absorption column (12) and the water content of the exhaust gas (1) emitted to outside the system is reduced. Consequently, the amount of water that must be replenished is reduced, the amount of fresh water generated is reduced, and energy consumption is reduced. The increase in the water temperature by the heating of the treatment water (21) is accompanied by a reduction in energy consumption during fresh water production. As a result, the operating cost can be reduced.
[Problem] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas treatment system and exhaust gas treatment method that can reduce the amount of make-up water to a desulfurization means and make a reduction in the heat source required for a desalination means. [Solution] This exhaust gas treatment system (10) is characterized by comprising a wet type desulfurization means (40) that eliminates sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas, a desalination means (80) that produces fresh water from seawater and supplies the same to the wet type desulfurization means (40), a heat exchanger (20) that heats a heating medium by means of the exhaust gas in a stage prior to the wet type desulfurization means (40), a seawater heater (22) for the desalination means (80), and a circulation line (24) that connects the heat exchanger (20) to the seawater heater and circulates the heating medium.
Provided is a boiler having multiple burners (19) arranged on a furnace wall (10) of a furnace (18), each burner (19) comprising: a cylindrical fuel nozzle (3) for injecting a mixture of fuel and carrier gas therefor into the furnace (18); one or more cylindrical air nozzles (8, 11) provided on the outer circumference of the nozzle (3) for injecting combustion air into the furnace; and a wind box (12) for supplying combustion air to the nozzles (8, 11) in common. The wind box (12) is provided with openings (12a, 12b) through which combustion air flows in from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the burner (19), and is partitioned by a partition wall (14) to form multiple parallel flow paths for the air flowing in through the openings in a translational manner. Some of the multiple flow paths are connected to an upper part of the combustion air nozzle (8), and the remaining flow paths are connected to a lower part of the nozzle (8). Each of the multiple combustion air flow paths is independently provided with an air momentum deviation damper (15) and an air flow rate adjustment damper (17), such that the direction of the flame of the burner (19) can be changed between upward and downward directions inside the furnace (18) depending on a combustion condition such as a load.
In a CO2 collecting system with the use of an absorbing liquid, by focusing on heat that has a small temperature difference and is difficult to be effectively utilized, effective use of the heat of the CO2 collecting system with the use of the absorbing liquid is attained. By focusing on the quantity of heat in which the temperature of a lean liquid obtained after heat exchange between an absorbing liquid (lean liquid), from which CO2 is desorbed, and an absorbing liquid (rich liquid), in which CO2 is absorbed, is reduced up to the temperature at which CO2 is absorbed, water from a condenser is used as a refrigerant of the lean liquid. Furthermore, the difference in temperature between the water from the condenser and the lean liquid obtained after the heat exchange between the lean liquid and the rich liquid is caused by a heat pump that compresses and expands the medium with another medium, resulting in easy heat exchange. The water from the condenser is successively heated by using bleed steam from a steam turbine by a plurality of low pressure water supply heaters connected in series. The water from the condenser is branched, and one is supplied to an inlet port of the low pressure water supply heater on the uppermost stream, while the other is supplied to an inlet port of the low pressure water supply heater on the lowermost stream among the plurality of low pressure water supply heaters after being subjected to high temperature treatment with the heat pump.
F23J 15/00 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
F22D 1/18 - Feed-water heaters, e.g. preheaters with water tubes arranged otherwise than in the boiler furnace, fire tubes, or flue ways and heated indirectly
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
The present invention provides a solid fuel burner which enables stable combustion by increasing the fuel concentration and the oxygen concentration in an outer circumferential portion within a fuel nozzle, while reducing abrasion of the fuel nozzle by suppressing crash of the fuel against the inner wall of the fuel nozzle. This solid fuel burner is provided with: a fuel nozzle which ejects a mixed fluid that is composed of a solid fuel and a carrier gas therefor; an oxygen-containing gas nozzle which is arranged outside the fuel nozzle and ejects an oxygen-containing gas; and at least one oxygen-containing gas addition nozzle which is arranged so as to protrude inside the fuel nozzle and ejects an oxygen-containing gas that has a velocity component in the circumferential direction of the fuel nozzle. The oxygen-containing gas addition nozzle has a nozzle outlet in the circumferential direction of the fuel nozzle. This solid fuel burner is characterized in that the cross sectional area of a projected image of the oxygen-containing gas addition nozzle in the axial direction of the burner decreases toward the center of the burner.
[Problem] To solve the problem of water balance associated with the use of an absorption liquid reclamation device (reclaimer) disposed in a system for absorbing the CO2 contained in a discharge gas, and to keep the CO2 absorption system under optimal conditions. [Solution] A method for controlling a system for chemically absorbing CO2, the system including: an apparatus for chemically absorbing CO2 in which the CO2 contained in a discharge gas is brought into contact with an amine-based absorption liquid in an absorption tower, the absorption liquid in which the CO2 has been absorbed is heated in a reclamation tower to remove CO2 therefrom, the discharge gas resulting from the CO2 removal is cooled to separate condensed water therefrom, and the condensed water is circulated to the reclamation tower; and an absorption liquid reclaimer in which the amine-based absorption liquid is withdrawn from the reclamation tower, a heat-stable salt which has accumulated in the absorption liquid is removed by distillation, and the resultant vapor of the amine-based absorption liquid is supplied to the reclamation tower. In the method, some of the condensed water obtained by cooling the discharge gas resulting from CO2 removal in the reclamation tower is taken out and used as a solvent for an inorganic-alkali solution which is to be introduced into the absorption liquid reclaimer and is for removing by distillation the heat-stable salt that has accumulated in the amine-based absorption liquid.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/34 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
Provided are a solid fuel burner and a combustion device using the solid fuel burner. The solid fuel burner (44) comprises: a throat (6) provided to the outer periphery of a fuel nozzle (10) and injecting combustion gas into a furnace (40); a duct (2) for delivering the combustion gas to the throat (6), the duct (2) being provided with an inlet opening (8) into which the gas is introduced from a direction perpendicular to the center axis of the nozzle (10) and having a flow path formed so as to be bent at a right angle in the direction of the center axis of the nozzle (10); a damper (1) provided in the duct (2); and a differential pressure detection device (32) for detecting the difference between the pressure of the combustion gas flowing through the upstream portion of the duct (2) and the pressure of the combustion gas flowing through the downstream portion of the duct (2). The damper (1) is provided near and downstream of the inlet opening (8) of the duct (2). The upstream-side pressure detection point (31) of the differential pressure detection device (32) is provided in the region (90) of stagnation of the combustion gas, the region (90) being located on the wake side of the damper (1), and the downstream-side pressure detection point (30) is provided to the outer wall of the throat (6). The difference between the pressures at the detection points (31, 30) is converted into the flow rate of the combustion gas, and the flow rate of the combustion gas is adjusted by operating the damper (1). The solid fuel burner (44) has a simple configuration, is less susceptible to the influence of local drift, and can accurately measure and adjust the flow rate of the combustion gas for each burner.
The present invention reduces the diameter and lowers the kinetic momentum of sprayed particles in a combustion device that sprays and combusts a liquid fuel, and thus promotes the combustion reaction, improves the combustion efficiency, and reduces the discharge of soot and dust, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides. Grooves (28), (29) are respectively provided in the upper and lower surfaces of a spray nozzle, and the two grooves form a cross shape and connect at an intersecting part (30) to form a fuel spray hole. A guide member (23) makes contact with the upstream-side groove (28) and is provided at a position overlapping the intersecting part (the fuel spray hole) (30) with respect to the discharge direction of the spray nozzle. The sprayed fluid (the liquid fuel) from the fuel flow path (21) that is connected to the spray nozzle is split by the guide member (23), passes through the upstream-side groove (28), and flows into and is discharged from the intersecting part (30). The sprayed fluid forms opposing flows which approach the intersecting part (30) in the upstream-side groove (28), form obtuse angles of 90° or greater and collide, and are sprayed from the intersecting part (30) to form a thin, fan-like liquid film (31). The liquid film is split apart by the shearing force with respect to the ambient gas and is reduced in size, forming spray particles (32).
F23D 11/10 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
Provided is a boiler device with increased reliability and economic efficiency with which a strong swirl flow can be formed along the inner surface of a furnace wall even when there is a gap between a nozzle provided in a through-hole that communicates with the furnace interior and the through-hole, and which is equipped with a nozzle with which combustion loss due to radiant heat is suppressed and which provides a robust supply of air. With respect to a nozzle for which a through-hole is provided in a furnace wall formed with water tubes and the nozzle is inserted into the through-hole to supply air, with a gap existing between the nozzle and the through-hole, the nozzle is constructed such that the position of the tip of the nozzle is separated from the interior wall of the furnace by a distance of not less than 0.8 times the inner diameter of the nozzle, and the gas which is sprayed from the nozzle has a swing speed component.
[Problem] To prevent a dust that affects the blocking and abrasion and has a large particle size from piling up in a reactor by easily reducing the dust. [Solution] A pollution abatement apparatus for exhaust gas, comprising a NOx removal reactor containing a catalyst layer that removes nitrogen oxides in flue gas. The pollution abatement apparatus includes a duct structure containing a stub-up point at which the flow of exhaust gas changes from a horizontal direction to a vertical direction in an exhaust gas duct in the upstream side of the NOx removal reactor. The pollution abatement apparatus further includes, in the duct in the horizontal direction of the inlet port of the stub-up point or/and in the inlet port of the catalyst layer in the NOx removal reactor: a tilt thin slit in which a plurality of thin plates is arranged in a vertical direction with the slit width smaller than the open width of the catalyst layer and with a predetermined inclination angle relative to the cross section of an exhaust gas flow path in many plates; and a dust collecting/discharging unit that is attached to the lower end of the tilt thin slit.
[Problem] To provide a CO2 removal device that prevents release of amine compounds of an absorbent liquid from the CO2 absorption device. [Solution] The CO2 removal device has a regeneration tower (13) that heats and regenerates an aqueous solution of amine compounds released from a decarbonator (1), which forms counterflow contact of combustion exhaust gas and an aqueous solution of amine compounds, and a reflux means that refluxes the aqueous solution of amine compounds that have been regenerated by the regeneration tower (13) via a cooler (19) to the decarbonator (1). A contact part that forms the counterflow contact of the reflux water of the regeneration tower (13) and combustion exhaust gas from which CO2 has been eliminated is constituted of two stages, and the cooler (19) on the downstream side of the regeneration tower is also formed in two stages. The reflux water from the first stage cooler is provided to the first stage contact part, and reflux water from the second stage cooler to the second stage contact part. Thus, the reflux water from the cooler (19) for the backflow of the regeneration tower (13) can be used efficiently for the amine elimination of the decarbonator (1), and the amine concentration released from the decarbonator can be reduced.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
[Problem] To provide a method for controlling a system for absorbing CO2, wherein a CO2 absorber can be recycled and heat can be effectively used during the operation of a CO2 absorption equipment. [Solution] A system comprises: a CO2 absorption equipment in which exhaust gas is brought into contact with absorber to absorb CO2 in the exhaust gas in an absorption tower (20), then the CO2 is desorbed in a regeneration tower (40), the absorber after the CO2 desorption is heated, then the absorber that circulates in the regeneration tower (40) and is extracted from the regeneration tower (40) is heat exchanged with the absorber that is supplied to the regeneration tower, and then the absorber circulates in the absorption tower (20); and an absorber recycling apparatus (94) in which the absorber is extracted from the regeneration tower (40), thermally-stable salts that are accumulated in an amine absorber are removed by a distillation method, and then the generated vapor of the absorber is supplied to the regeneration tower. The vapor generated from the absorber recycling apparatus is controlled to have similar temperature and pressure to those of heating steam of a reboiler using the absorber in the system for chemically absorbing carbon dioxide as a refrigerant source before being supplied to the regeneration tower (40).
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/34 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
An exhaust gas discharged from a facility for sintering iron ore in an iron making process or the like is subjected to a dust removal treatment and is subsequently heated by means of an exhaust gas heating burner (5), any nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas is removed by a catalytic action, a heat of the exhaust gas after the removal of the nitrogen oxide is collected and is reused for the heating for the nitrogen oxide removal from the exhaust gas by the catalytic activity, and then any sulfur oxide or the like is removed from the exhaust gas, of which the temperature has been decreased, using removed an absorption solution. In this manner, it becomes possible to carry out the desulfurization and denitration in an exhaust gas even when the exhaust gas is one discharged from an apparatus other than burning apparatuses using coals or the like as a fuel.
Disclosed is an operating method of a boiler, wherein fossil fuel is combusted by first combustion gas and second combustion gas compensating for the lack of oxygen of the first combustion gas, and operation is switched between an air combustion mode in which air is used as the first and second combustion gas and an oxygen combustion mode in which mixed gas of exhaust gas of the fossil fuel and enriched oxygen gas is used as the first and second combustion gas. In this operating method, the enriched oxygen gas is mixed with air of the first combustion gas used in the air combustion mode in the process of switching between the air combustion mode and the oxygen combustion mode, thereby being capable of switching between the air combustion mode and the oxygen combustion mode while maintaining stable combustion.
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
F23C 9/08 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
38.
BOILER COMBUSTION SYSTEM AND OPERATION METHOD THEREFOR
In order to suppress corrosion of a water wall tube and the like of a boiler and stabilize the combustion of a burner during an oxygen combustion operation of the boiler, this boiler combustion system is provided with a boiler (1) provided with a burner (5) and a two-stage combustion gas input port (9), an exhaust gas supply fan (29) for extracting exhaust gas from an exhaust gas treatment system of the boiler via an exhaust gas circulation line (27), a combustion gas supply line (31) diverging from the exhaust gas circulation line on the wave side of the exhaust gas supply fan, a fuel transfer gas supply line (33), a two-stage combustion gas supply line (35), an oxygen supply line (51) for supplying oxygen-enriched gas to the combustion gas supply line (31) and the fuel transfer gas supply line (33), combustion air supply fans (43, 45) provided in parallel with the exhaust gas supply fan (29) in order to supply combustion air, a switching means for switching between the operations of the exhaust gas supply fan and the combustion air supply fans, and dampers (57, 59) for adjusting the gas flow rates of the combustion gas supply line and the two-stage combustion gas supply line, respectively.
F23C 9/08 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
F23C 6/04 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers in series connection
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
39.
OXYGEN COMBUSTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAME
[Problem] To implement stable combustion in an oxygen-burning combustion system. [Solution] Provided is a burner (19) that burns pulverized coal using a combustion gas which is a mixture of an oxygen-rich gas and an exhaust gas resulting from the combustion of pulverized coal. Said burner (19) is provided with: a fuel nozzle (25) that burns powdered coal supplied together with a carrier gas; a combustion-gas nozzle (27) that supplies additional combustion gas (26) to the inside of the fuel nozzle (25); and a combustion-gas nozzle (29) that supplies combustion gas (28 and 30) to the outside of the fuel nozzle (25). A carrier gas generated by adding an oxygen-rich gas to an exhaust gas is supplied to the fuel nozzle (25), and a combustion gas generated by adding an oxygen-rich gas to an exhaust gas is supplied to the combustion-gas nozzles (27 and 29). The amount of the carrier gas supplied and the oxygen concentration thereof, the amount of the additional combustion gas (26) supplied and the oxygen concentration thereof, and the amount of the combustion gas (28 and 30) supplied and the oxygen concentration thereof are each made adjustable.
F23C 9/08 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23D 1/00 - Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
Provided is a burner (19) that burns pulverized coal using a combustion gas which is a mixture of an oxygen-rich gas and an exhaust gas resulting from the combustion of pulverized coal. Said burner (19) is provided with: a fuel nozzle (25) that burns powdered coal supplied together with a carrier gas; a combustion-gas nozzle (27) that supplies additional combustion gas (26) to the inside of the fuel nozzle (25); and a combustion-gas nozzle (29) that supplies combustion gas (28 and 30) to the outside of the fuel nozzle (25). A carrier gas generated by adding an oxygen-rich gas to an exhaust gas is supplied to the fuel nozzle (25), and a combustion gas generated by adding an oxygen-rich gas to an exhaust gas is supplied to the combustion-gas nozzles (27 and 29). The amount of the carrier gas supplied and the oxygen concentration thereof, the amount of the additional combustion gas (26) supplied and the oxygen concentration thereof, and the amount of the combustion gas (28 and 30) supplied and the oxygen concentration thereof are each made adjustable.
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23C 9/08 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
F23D 1/00 - Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
41.
OXYGEN COMBUSTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAME
This system includes: a boiler (1) for burning fuel with combustion gas in which oxygen-rich gas and circulated exhaust gas are mixed; a dust collector (17) provided in a gas duct through which exhaust gas from the boiler flows; a second gas duct (29) for guiding, to the boiler, the combustion gas in which the circulated exhaust gas vented from the gas duct downstream of the dust collector and the oxygen-rich gas; a combustion gas heater (13) for heat exchange between the exhaust gas flowing through the gas duct between the boiler and the dust collector and the combustion gas flowing through the second gas duct; an exhaust gas cooler (15) provided in the gas duct between the combustion gas heater and the dust collector, the exhaust gas cooler exchanging heat between the exhaust gas circulating in the gas duct and a cooling medium to cool the exhaust gas; and a control means for controlling at least one of the flow rate and the temperature of the cooling medium in the exhaust gas cooler so that the temperature of the exhaust gas introduced in the dust collector becomes 90˚C-140˚C. This can minimize sulfuric acid dew point corrosion of ducts, pipes and devices, and clogging of ducts and pipes with dust.
F23J 15/00 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
F22B 1/18 - Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
F23C 9/08 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
F23J 15/06 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
This combustion plant: combusts a combusted material in a boiler (1) by means of combustion gas that is oxygen-enriched gas that has been attenuated by exhaust gas; collects soot within the combustion exhaust gas by means of a dust collection device (5); attenuates oxygen-enriched gas using exhaust gas branched from a flue downstream from the dust collection device (5); is used in an ancillary device of a boiler plant that separates/recovers carbon dioxide (CO2) that is in the exhaust gas by means of a CO2 recovery device (8); and suppresses a decrease in CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas by means of using the exhaust gas from which the soot has been collected by dust collection device (5) and/or the CO2 recovered by the CO2 recovery device (8) as the working gas that is admitted into the exhaust gas.
F23C 9/08 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
F23J 15/00 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
F23K 1/00 - Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
43.
NOX REDUCTION CATALYST FOR EXHAUST GAS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME
[Problem] To provide a catalyst having excellent performance and durability by improving the NOx reduction rate at 350˚C or higher without deteriorating excellent durability of a Ti-V-Mo-P catalyst in view of problems of the prior art. [Solution] A NOx reduction catalyst for exhaust gas, which is composed of a catalyst composition that comprises titanium (Ti), an oxide of phosphorus (P), molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W), an oxide of vanadium (V), and high-silica zeolite that has an SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 20 or more. The NOx reduction catalyst for exhaust gas is obtained by kneading in the presence of water, drying and then firing (1) titanium oxide, and phosphoric acid or an ammonium salt of phosphoric acid in an amount of more than 1 wt% but not more than 15 wt% relative to the titanium oxide in terms of H3PO4, (2) an oxo acid or oxo acid salt of molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W) and an oxo acid salt or vanadyl salt of vanadium (V) respectively in an amount of more than 0 atom% but not more than 8 atom% relative to the titanium oxide and (3) high-silica zeolite in an amount of more than 0 wt% but not more than 20 wt% relative to the titanium oxide.
A denitrification device (7) which adds a reducing agent to acidic exhaust gas which includes mercury, produced by combustion of coal, and reduces nitrogen oxides in the acidic exhaust gas in the presence of a catalyst, and a desulphuration device (13) which removes sulphur oxides in the acidic exhaust gas discharged from the denitrification device (7), by absorption in sea water, are provided/ and by setting the temperature of the acidic exhaust gas on the inlet side of the denitrification device (7) to a temperature such that reactions producing mercury oxides are suppressed in the denitrification device (7) and the concentration of mercury oxides on the inlet side of the desulphuration device (13) is no more than a set value, the mercury concentration in sea water released from the desulphuration device (13) is kept no higher than the permitted value.
[Problem] To provide a processing method for exhaust gas containing CO2, said method enabling the concentration of an oxidation inhibitor in an absorbent solution to be adjusted to a concentration which is sufficient for the inhibition of oxidation, without measuring the concentration of an alkanolamine oxidation inhibitor contained in a CO2 absorbing solution. [Solution] A method and device for adjusting the composition of an absorbent solution which carries out the absorption and discharge of carbon dioxide, by adding an oxidation inhibitor to an alkanolamine absorbent liquid when the sum of the concentration of ammonia and alkylamine in absorber outlet gas from a CO2 absorption device increases.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
This exhaust gas processing device is provided with: a mercury oxidation catalyst device to which mercury-containing exhaust gas from the combustion of a carbon-containing solid fuel is introduced, and that oxidizes the mercury in the exhaust gas to divalent mercury; an injection device that injects sulfur trioxide into the flue through which the exhaust gas released from the mercury oxidation catalyst device flows; and a dust collection device that collects dust in the exhaust gas that has passed through the injection device. The injected sulfur trioxide is adsorbed by the dust, and inhibits mercury from being adsorbed by the dust collected by the dust collection device.
This exhaust gas purification catalyst is a composition comprising titanium oxide (TiO2), aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3), vanadium (V), and an oxide of molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W). More than 1 wt% to 6 wt% or less of the aluminum sulfate is brought into contact with the titanium oxide in the presence of water so as to cause the titanium oxide with sulfate ions and aluminum ions adsorbed thereto to support an oxo acid salt or vanadyl salt of vanadium and an oxo acid or oxo acid salt of molybdenum and/or tungsten in a proportion of more than 0 atom% to 3 atom% or less. As a result, performance degradation of the catalyst can be suppressed even for exhaust gases in which the combustion ash includes a high concentration of potassium compounds.
[Problem] To provide CO2 removal equipment and a method, both for removing CO2 from a combustion discharge gas with which it is possible to reduce the environmental burden of an operation of the CO2 removal equipment and, simultaneously therewith, to minimize the equipment cost of a prescrubber and the cost of the utility therefor. [Solution] Provided is a discharge gas treatment system equipped with CO2 removal equipment in which carbon dioxide (CO2) contained in a combustion discharge gas is absorbed in an absorbing solution of an amine compound and removed, the system including a prescrubber for bringing the discharge gas into contact with seawater, the prescrubber having been disposed on the upstream side of the CO2 removal equipment.
Disclosed is a vertical downflow type flue gas denitrification system which processes exhaust gas emitted from a combustor and turned to a vertical downflow and which is provided with a plurality of catalyst blocks (1), each incorporating a catalyst unit (2), and a first ash accumulation preventive plate (9) and a second ash accumulation preventive plate (10) which can slide into a gap between adjacent catalyst blocks (1, 1, 1). The denitrification system allows the ash accumulation preventive plates (9, 10) to prevent ash or the like from being accumulated in the gap between the catalyst blocks (1, 1) and can accommodate the thermal expansion of the preventive plates (9, 10) even under varying temperature operating conditions. The denitrification system has such a simplified structure that allows for charging and replacing the catalyst in the catalyst blocks (1) without on-site welding of the preventive plates (9, 10).
A metal substrate for flue gas-denitration catalyst that, like SUS304, can be used without corroding is provided by improving the corrosion resistance of SUS430 substrate that is inexpensive and can easily be supplied stably. The method for producing the metal substrate for flue gas-denitration catalyst performs a series of processes on band-shaped metal lath substrate obtained by metal lath-processing of a ferrite stainless steel band-shaped plate to form a corrosion-resistant phosphate compound film on the surface of said substrate: (1) a process of degreasing process oil adhering to said substrate, (2) a process of passing the substrate through a solution containing phosphoric acid and surfactant to load said solution, (3) a process of draining off the excess solution, and (4) a process of drying and heating said solution-loaded substrate to react the phosphoric acid with the substrate.
Provided is a combustion apparatus provided with spray nozzles which can spread atomized particles of reductant over a wide range within a furnace, so that combustion gas passing through the inside of the furnace is uniformly mixed with the reductant, to promote a reaction between the reductant and the combustion gas, and to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxide emitted from the combustion apparatus. In the combustion apparatus provided with the spray nozzles, a reductant supply system (14) for supplying a furnace (1) with a reductant fluid that contributes to the reduction of nitrogen oxide contained in combustion gas is disposed; spray nozzles (13) for spraying the reductant supplied from the reductant supply system (14) as atomized particles toward combustion gas passing through the inside of the furnace, are provided in the wall surface of the furnace downstream of burners (2); and a plurality of spray ports (30, 31) for forming flat fan-like spray shapes having different angles of spread of the atomized particles of reductant sprayed into the furnace, are provided in the tip portions of the spray nozzles (13).
B05B 1/02 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
52.
FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION DEVICE, COMBUSTION SYSTEM AND COMBUSTION METHOD
Disclosed is a desulfurization device that releases exhaust gas from the desulfurization device into the atmosphere without reduction in CO2 recovery rate and without mercury components, and a combustion system that uses said desulfurization device. Because the absorbent (6) of the desulfurization device is drawn from an absorbent reservoir (11) by a circulating pump (5) and sprayed through spray nozzles (4) into a desulfurization-absorption unit (26) and, in the absorbent reservoir (11), is mainly circulated outside the wall of a water seal tube (7) by a stirrer (10), the flow of the absorbent (6) that falls from the desulfurization-absorption unit (26) into the water seal tube (7) flows in a single direction from top to bottom and hinders the ascension of gas bubbles. Intermixing of the gas (27) for oxidizing the sulfur dioxide, which is generated in the absorbent, with the desulfurization device exhaust gas (2) is thereby prevented, efficient CO2 recovery is possible without reduction in the CO2 concentration recovered from the exhaust gas after desulfurization by the CO2 recovery device (17) and mercury in the combustion exhaust gas is absorbed in the absorbent of the desulfurization device (3) and is not released directly into the atmosphere.
F23C 9/08 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
F23J 15/00 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
53.
EMISSION GAS PROCESSING SYSTEM WITH CARBON DIOXIDE CHEMICAL ABSORPTION DEVICE
Disclosed is an emission gas processing system provided with a wet flue gas desulfurization device and a CO2 chemical absorption device, wherein issues caused by mercury in emission gas are solved and release of metallic mercury to the outside is prevented. The gas emission processing system is provided with: an air preheater (3) which heats combustion air for a fossil fuel combustion furnace; a dust-collection device (5) positioned in the wake flow of the air preheater (3); a wet desulfurization device (7) that provides a wet treatment of sulfur oxides in the emission gas; a CO2 chemical absorption device (11) that absorbs and separates CO2 from the emission gas; a heat exchanger for emission gas heat recovery (4) disposed between the air preheater (3) and the dust-collection device (5); a heat exchanger for reheating emission gas (8), that increases the emission gas temperature by using the heat recovered by the heat exchanger for emission gas heat recovery (4), disposed between the wet desulfurization device (7) and the CO2 chemical absorption device (11); and a catalyst (10) for oxidizing mercury in emission gas, disposed between the heat exchanger for reheating emission gas (8) and the CO2 chemical absorption device (11).
B01D 53/64 - Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
Disclosed is a rotating classifier which can retain high classification performance and in which blockages caused by biomass and the like are unlikely. The rotating classifier is characterised in: having a comb-shaped protruding section (36) which has gaps along the circumferential direction of a rotating classifier fin (13), and which is on the upper section of the rotating classifier fin (13) protruding towards a fixed member (27) side; a first gap (42) being provided between the upper end section of the comb-shaped protruding section (36) and the lower surface of the fixed member (27); a second gap (43) formed between a protruding section (36a) and an adjacent protruding section (36b) being connected to the first gap (42); and an air current being generated by the rotation of the rotating classifier fin (13), said air current travelling through the first gap (42) and the second gap (43) from the radially outward side to the radially inward side of the comb-shaped protruding section (36).
B07B 7/083 - Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes
B02C 15/04 - Mills with pressed pendularly-mounted rollers, e.g. spring pressed
F23K 3/02 - Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
55.
EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH CARBON DIOXIDE CHEMISORPTION EQUIPMENT
Disclosed is an exhaust gas treatment system that, in CO2 chemisorption equipment requiring enormous heat energy, efficiently and without any restrictions uses—in the CO2 chemisorption equipment—heat recovered from the exhaust gas, and that can reduce the operating cost of the CO2 chemisorption equipment. The exhaust gas treatment system—which is provided with: a heat recovery unit that recovers exhaust heat from exhaust gas discharged from a boiler; and CO2 chemisorption equipment that absorbs CO2 in the exhaust gas by causing the exhaust gas to contact an amine sorbent liquid in a carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption tower, heats the sorbent liquid that has absorbed said CO2, causing the release of CO2 within a CO2 regeneration tower, and after heating the post-CO2-release sorbent liquid via a re-boiler, circulates the sorbent liquid to the CO2 absorption tower—has a heat exchange means that confers the heat recovered by the aforementioned heat recovery unit to the sorbent liquid sent to the re-boiler from the CO2 regeneration tower of the aforementioned CO2 chemisorption equipment.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
F23J 15/00 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
56.
EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM HAVING CARBON DIOXIDE REMOVAL DEVICE
The disclosed exhaust gas treatment system having a CO2 removal device maintains the steam balance of the entire generator system by adopting a new device and method for boiler steam cooling in the CO2 removal device, and improves the efficiency of the CO2 removal device, and thus of the entire generator system, by means of the efficient use of boiler heat. The disclosed exhaust gas treatment system is provided with a CO2 absorption tower which brings an amine absorption solution into contact with the exhaust gas containing CO2 emitted from a boiler; an absorption solution regeneration tower which heats the absorption solution which has absorbed said CO2, and detaches the CO2; an absorption solution circulation passage which removes the CO2-detached absorption solution via a regeneration tower removal pipe, and, after cooling with a heat exchanger and a cooler, cycles said solution to the CO2 absorption tower; and a reboiler which, after removing a portion of the aforementioned CO2-detached absorption solution and raising the temperature, returns the same to the aforementioned regeneration tower. The disclosed system is further provided with a heat exchanger tube for cycling inside the condensate drum the amine absorption solution removed from the aforementioned CO2 absorption tower as a coolant, and a flow control valve for the absorption solution flowing through said heat exchanger tube.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
A wet flue gas desulfurization device is configured so that the device has high desulfurization performance, pressure loss in the absorption tower is low, and the device can be operated at low running cost. An absorption tower is provided with: a liquid reservoir section (5) provided at the lower part of the tower and storing an absorption liquid (S); an absorption section (6) provided above the liquid reservoir section (5) and having multiple tiers of spray headers (8) for spraying the absorption liquid (S); an absorption liquid circulation system (13) for circulating the absorption liquid (S), which is present in the liquid reservoir section (5), to the spray headers (8); an exhaust gas inlet section (3) provided in the portion of the sidewall which is located between the liquid reservoir section (5) and the absorption section (6); and a gas blow-out prevention member (19) provided along the entire circumference of the inner surface of the portion of the sidewall which is located between the exhaust gas inlet section (3) and the spray header (8) of the uppermost tier. Dams (23) are intermittently provided at the inner peripheral end of the gas blow-out prevention member (19) so as to extend along the circumferential direction thereof.
Provided are a method and a device which suppress toxicity due to CO and can efficiently remove, at low temperature, low concentrations of amines included in gas discharged from a CO2 recovery device which uses various liquids to absorb CO2. The method for treating discharged gas, which removes amines included in gas discharged from a carbon dioxide (CO2) removal device that uses an amine absorbent, wherein the following steps are alternately performed: a step in which discharged gas is passed through a layer that is packed with a catalyst comprising titanium oxide and an oxide of vanadium (V), or comprising titanium oxide, an oxide of vanadium, and an oxide of molybdenum (Mo) or tungsten (W), to adsorb and remove amines included in the gas; and a step in which hot air is passed through the layer that is packed with the catalyst and has adsorbed the amines, to raise the temperature of the catalyst and at the same time dissociate, oxidize and degrade the adsorbed amines.
B01J 20/06 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group
Provided is an exhaust gas treatment system with which it is possible to prevent the generation of adhesive matter inside a main duct or a flue at the point where exhaust gas converges after CO2 has been removed or thereafter, reduce the labor required for maintenance such as cleaning etc., and make long-term operation possible. The exhaust gas treatment system comprises: a main duct (6) for emitting gas from a boiler (1); a diverging duct (40) for diverging a portion of the exhaust gas current from the main duct; a CO2 removal device (20) for using an amine absorbent to absorb and remove carbon dioxide (CO2) contained in the diverged exhaust gas; and a return duct (42) for causing the exhaust gas from which the CO2 has been removed by the CO2 removal device to converge with exhaust gas that has yet to be diverged, wherein heating means (8) for evaporation of the mist of the amine absorbent contained in the converged exhaust gas is provided at the return duct (42) that comes before the exhaust gas convergence point.
Conventional catalysts are rapidly deteriorated in an exhaust gas of biomass combustion. Disclosed is a NOx reduction catalyst which is not easily deteriorated even when used for the treatment of an exhaust gas that contains a potassium component at a high concentration in the combustion ash, such as an exhaust gas of biomass combustion. Also disclosed is a method capable of reducing NOx in an exhaust gas of biomass combustion with high efficiency for a long period of time by using the NOx reduction catalyst. Specifically disclosed is an exhaust gas purifying catalyst which is obtained by having titanium oxide, which has phosphate ions adsorbed on the surface, support an oxo acid or oxo acid salt of molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W) and an oxo acid salt or vanadyl salt of vanadium (V) in an amount of more than 0% by atom but 8% by atom or less, said titanium oxide with phosphate ions adsorbed on the surface being obtained by brining titanium oxide and phosphoric acid or an ammonium phosphate salt in an amount of more than 1% by weight but 15% by weight or less of the amount of titanium oxide into contact with each other in the presence of water.
The tip of a tungsten electrode (1) is polished to a cone shape or a polygonal pyramid shape, and a certain slit being along the central axis of the tip portion and having a width of 0.75 mm to 1.5 mm is provided from the tip to base end side of the electrode (1) along the axis direction, obtaining the TIG arc welding electrode (1) in which at least two or more tips are formed on mutually opposite sides of the slit, near the center of the electrode (1). The TIG welding tungsten electrode (1) can be obtained with which in a large current region, welding is possible without occurrence of an irregular bead and even in a small current region, the arc concentration can be kept and it can be avoided that the arc unevenly occurs, so beads meander and the width of a bead becomes thin, resulting in a protruding bead.
B23K 35/04 - Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape specially designed for use as electrodes
B23K 9/167 - Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
B23K 35/02 - Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
B23K 35/32 - Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550°C
62.
ABSORBING SOLUTION AND RECOVERY METHOD FOR CARBON DIOXIDE
A method for the recovery of carbon dioxide (CO2) which comprises: bringing, in an absorption tower, a gas to be treated into contact with a CO2-absorbing solution set forth in claim 1 to form a CO2-rich solution, said gas containing both CO2 and oxygen; circulating the CO2-rich solution in a regeneration tower to heat and discharge the CO2 and thus recover the same; returning the obtained CO2-poor solution to the absorption tower; and conducting heat exchange between the solution transferred from the absorption tower to the regeneration tower and the solution returned from the regeneration tower to the absorption tower. The method is characterized by: adding either a silicone oil and/or an aqueous alkanolamine solution in which an organosulfur compound represented by general formula (A) or (B) is dissolved to the solution present in the absorption tower and/or the solution returned from the regeneration tower to the absorption tower; and controlling the composition of the absorbing solution present in the absorption tower in a manner that makes the content of the alkanolamine falls within the range of 30 to 60wt%, that makes the content of the organosulfur compound falls within the range of 0.01 to 2wt%, and that makes the content of the silicone oil falls within the range of 5 to 100ppm (by weight).
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
Disclosed is a method for cleaning used denitration catalyst which prevents release of mercury into the atmosphere by recovering and removing mercury which would have been released into the atmosphere. The used denitration catalyst, which has been used in an exhaust gas containing mercury and which has titanium oxide as a main component, is immersed in a cleaning liquid, whereafter a catalyst poison containing the mercury in said denitration catalyst is dissolved and removed while stirring said cleaning liquid. The exhaust gas generated in the process of stirring the cleaning liquid is conducted into a flue having a mercury removal means, and is released into the atmosphere after the mercury has been removed.
B01D 53/94 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
B01D 53/64 - Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
B01J 20/06 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group
B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxideSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbonSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
B01J 23/92 - Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups
B01J 38/48 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
B01J 38/62 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids organic
64.
METHOD FOR REMOVING MERCURY FROM COMBUSTION GAS, AND COMBUSTION GAS CLEANER
Disclosed is a method for removing mercury from a combustion gas containing nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, mercury metal, and a hydrogen halide, the method comprising injecting ammonia or urea as a reducing agent into the combustion gas, thereafter introducing the gas into a denitrator (7) packed with a denitration catalyst, causing the gas to undergo denitration reaction and simultaneously oxidizing the mercury metal to generate a mercury halide, and introducing the resultant mixture into a wet desulfurizer (15) via an air preheater (11) and an electric dust collector (13) to remove the sulfur dioxide and the mercury halide therefrom. The method is characterized in that the ammonia concentration of the combustion gas at the outlet of the denitrator (7) is kept at 5 ppm or higher and that the mercury halide is adsorbed or precipitated onto combustion ash, collected with the electric dust collector (13), and discharged from the system. Thus, the degree of mercury removal from the combustion gas can be improved.
Disclosed is an exhaust gas treatment device provided with: an exhaust gas treatment unit in which an oxygen combustion boiler (1) using coal as fuel, a denitration device (3), an air preheater (4), a dust-collection device (5), a desulfurization device (6), and a CO2 collection device (8) are arranged in order from the upstream side to the downstream side of an exhaust gas duct on the oxygen combustion boiler (1); an exhaust gas circulation unit that branches off an exhaust gas duct at the exit of the dust-collection device (5) or the desulfurization device (6), preheats the exhaust gas in the air preheater (4), and returns said exhaust gas to the oxygen combustion boiler (1); a heat-recovery heat exchanger (13) that is provided between the air preheater (4) and the dust-collection device (5) and that keeps the gas temperature at the entrance to the dust-collection device (5) less than or equal to the acid dew point of SO3 and greater than or equal to the water dew point thereof; and a reheating heat exchanger (13) that keeps the gas temperature near the branch section of the exhaust gas circulation unit at at least the acid dew point of SO3. By keeping the gas temperature at the entrance to the dust-collection device (5) less than or equal to the acid dew point of SO3, SO3 is condensed and can be removed by the dust-collection device (5), thereby preventing corrosion of pipes in the exhaust gas circulation unit, and in a mill, preventing losses in the ability of pulverized coal in the pipes to flow and combust.
A pulverized coal boiler is configured in such a manner that an opening which serves as the outlet for lower after-air nozzles which are, out of upper and lower after-air nozzles, located on the upstream side is formed in a rectangular shape, a cylindrical section which defines the minimum flow path area for combustion air which flows in the flow path of the after-air nozzles is disposed within the lower after-air nozzles so as to extend along the flow path of the lower after-air nozzles, a swirl blade which imparts a swirl force to the combustion air flowing in the flow path of the after-air nozzles is disposed within the cylindrical section, and the flow path of the lower after-air nozzles is formed in such a manner that the area of the flow path of the after-air nozzles in which the combustion air flows expands from the position of the cylindrical section toward the opening of the after-air nozzle which is located on the downstream side of the position of the cylindrical section.
Disclosed is a method for highly efficiently removing amines, which are contained at low concentrations in an exhaust gas that is discharged from a CO2 collection process, at low temperatures. Specifically disclosed is a method for processing a carbon dioxide-containing exhaust gas, wherein an exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides is brought into contact with a CO2-absorbing liquid that contains amines, thereby absorbing and removing CO2 from the exhaust gas, and then the resulting exhaust gas is brought into contact with a catalyst that is composed of an oxide of titanium oxide and vanadium (V), or an oxide of titanium oxide and vanadium (V) and an oxide of molybdenum (Mo) or tungsten (W) at 130-250˚C, thereby oxidizing and removing the amines from the exhaust gas.
Disclosed is a flue gas denitration device with which ammonia gas is supplied to an exhaust gas combination of a main exhaust gas that flows through a main flow duct (16) and of which the temperature has been reduced by an economizer (22) and a bypass exhaust gas (28) that flows through a bypass duct (24) which bypasses the economizer (22) and that maintains a high temperature, after which denitration is performed in a denitration reaction vessel. In particular, three partition plates (44), that divide the main exhaust gas flow path into multiple paths parallel to the flow direction of the main exhaust gas (26) at the part where the main exhaust gas (26) in the main flow duct (16) and the bypass exhaust gas (28) converge, and wherein the surfaces of which face the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas (28), are provided such that the ends of the plates at the upstream side in the flow direction of the main exhaust gas (26) are shifted toward the upstream side of the main exhaust gas (26) in sequence from the inflow side of the bypass exhaust gas (28) and face the bypass exhaust gas (28) which flows in. Thus the temperature of the exhaust gas after being combined is quickly made uniform while suppressing an increase in pressure loss in the duct.
A catalyst for removing nitrogen oxide, which removes nitrogen oxides in an exhaust gas. The catalyst is characterized in that a nitrogen oxide-removing component is supported by a carrier, that the pores as measured by a gas adsorption method for measuring pores having a diameter of 20-3000 Ǻ have an average pore diameter of 20-100 Ǻ, and the volume of the pores having an average pore diameter of 20-100 Ǻ is not less than 50% of the total pore volume of pores measured by the gas adsorption method.
Provided is a high-performance catalyst for cleaning up nitrogen oxides, which has excellent initial performance and durability, and which is not liable to deteriorate over time and thus overcomes the drawbacks of conventional silver-loaded alumina catalysts with which the nitrogen oxides are reduced using ethanol. The catalyst, which cleans up the nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases using alcohol as a reducing agent, contains alumina, aluminum sulfate and silver as the main components.
Disclosed is a catalyst for removing mercury metal, which has a high activity for a long time even in an exhaust gas containing SO2. A method for oxidizing mercury metal using the catalyst is also disclosed. Specifically disclosed is a method for purifying an exhaust gas, wherein an exhaust gas containing mercury metal is brought into contact with a catalyst, which contains titanium oxide as a first component and sulfate or phosphate of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) or vanadium as a second component, at a temperature of not less than 100˚C but not more than 200˚C, thereby oxidizing the mercury metal.
Provided is a method of operating a hydrolytic separator in which ammonia gas to be used as a reducing agent in a flue gas denitrizer is generated by the hydrolysis of an aqueous urea solution. When the hydrolytic separator is started and ammonia gas injection is initiated, the hydrolytic separator is operated in a constant-pressure mode in which the internal pressure of the hydrolytic separator is kept constant regardless of the increasing temperature of the hydrolytic separator. Thereafter, the constant-pressure operation is switched to a sliding-pressure operation in which the pressure is raised as the temperature of the hydrolytic separator rises. In the method, the constant-pressure operation is switched to the sliding-pressure operation after the temperature of the hydrolytic separator in the constant-pressure operation has reached or exceeded the sliding-pressure operation temperature corresponding to that pressure. As a result, the hydrolytic separator can be operated with satisfactory timing so that the generation amount of ammonia necessary for flue gas denitration can be kept proper.
A pulverized coal burner (20) having an oil nozzle (6), a primary air nozzle (1), a pulverized coal nozzle (4), and air nozzles (2, 3). A fixed plate (15) and a movable member (16) are arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the front end of the primary air nozzle (1). The fixed plate (15) is provided with slit holes (15a) each having a pair of opposed wall surfaces having an opening area gradually reduced from the upstream side to the downstream side. The movable member (16) is mounted upstream of the fixed plate (15) in the primary air nozzle (1) so as to be able to advance and retract. The movable member (16) has grids (16a) adapted to close the slit holes (15a) and arranged in a radial pattern at positions corresponding to the slit holes (15a). The degree of insertion of each grid (16a) into a corresponding slit hole (15a) is adjusted to close either of a pair of gaps (h) formed between the grid (16a) and the pair of opposed surfaces of the slit hole (15a) and to cause primary air ejected from the other gap (h) to swirl. The swirl flow of the primary air is ejected into a furnace to facilitate mixing of the primary air with atomized oil ejected from the oil nozzle (6). Owing to the structure, NOx concentration in a combustion gas is reduced with the ignitability of the oil maintained at a high level.
F23D 1/00 - Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
F23C 1/10 - Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in air liquid and pulverulent fuel
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23D 17/00 - Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
74.
SOLID FUEL BURNER, COMBUSTION APPARATUS USING SOLID FUEL BURNER, AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE COMBUSTION APPARATUS
An air nozzle formed on the outer side of the fuel nozzle (10) of a solid fuel burner (1) is circumferentially divided into regions (12-17). The air nozzle comprises means (43, 44) for regulating the flow rates of airflows flowing through the divided upper and lower regions (12, 13). The nozzle (regions 12-17) is connected to only a nozzle wall (19) and comprises obstacles (20, 21) for circumferentially dividing the inside of the nozzle into sections. When the flow rates of airflows flowing through the regions in the outermost periphery of the burner are changed, a difference in momentum in the top-bottom direction of the burner (1) is produced and the position at which a flame is formed is changed. By this, the temperature of combustion gas at the exit of a furnace, the temperature of a heat transfer tube installed on a furnace wall surface, the temperature of fluid flowing in the heat transfer tube, the temperatures of heat transfer tubes installed in the furnace and in a gas duct on the downstream side of the furnace, and the temperatures of fluids flowing in the heat transfer tubes are controlled to be constant.
Disclosed is an exhaust gas purification catalyst that can suppress an increase in SO2 oxidation with an increase in a Fe component in the catalyst with the elapse of time attributable to internal and external causes and, even in exhaust gases of fuels having a high Fe content such as high S coals, can realize operation at a low SO2 oxidation rate for a long period of time. Also disclosed is a process for producing the exhaust gas purification catalyst. The exhaust gas purification catalyst comprises titanium oxide as a main component and an active component of an oxide of at least one element selected from the group consisting of tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), and vanadium (V). The exhaust gas purification catalyst contains phosphoric acid or a water soluble phosphoric acid compound so that the atomic ratio of phosphorus (P) to a catalytically active component represented by the following formula is more than 0 and not more than 1.0. P/catalytically active component (atomic ratio) = number of moles of P/(number of moles of W + number of moles of Mo + number of moles of V)
Provided are a solid-fuel burner (60) suitable for controlling a flame formed by combustion of fuel ejected from the burner (60) and controlling the temperature distribution in a furnace, a combustion device using the solid-fuel burner (60), and a method of operating the combustion device. Gas outlet nozzles (81, 82) and a restriction (obstacle)(19), which is placed on the downstream of the gas outlet nozzles (81, 82), are arranged in a fuel nozzle (10), and a relatively larger amount of gas is ejected from one (81) of the gas outlet nozzles. This provides a circumferential variation in the distribution of fuel concentration. Further, thepresence of the restriction (obstacle)(19) on the downstream side increases a difference in the fuel concentration. The flame forming position can be changed by providing the fuel concentration with such a circumferential difference. Regulating the flow rate of gas flowing in the gas outlet nozzles (81, 82) allows the temperature of combusted gas at a furnace outlet, the temperature of heat transfer tubes arranged on a furnace wall surface, the temperature of fluid flowing in the flow transfer tubes, the temperature of heat transfer tubes arranged in the furnace and in a gas duct on the downstream side of the furnace, and the temperature of gas flowing in the heat transfer tubes to be controlled to constant levels.
[PROBLEMS] To provide a classification device which can provide a fine powder product into which coarse particles have not been significantly included. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A classification device characterized by comprising a combination of an installation pitch P and a width L in a fixed fin (13) satisfying the following formula: P/L = 0.042 × (&thetas; - 50) + 0.64 to 0.019 × (&thetas; - 50) + 0.22 at 50˚ ≤ &thetas; ≤ 70˚ wherein &thetas; represents the inclination angle of the fixed fin (13); P represents the installation pitch of the fixed fin (13); and L represents the width of a particle flow direction.
B07B 7/083 - Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes
B02C 15/04 - Mills with pressed pendularly-mounted rollers, e.g. spring pressed
B07B 7/08 - Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
An exhaust gas purification catalyst that breaking the warring relationship between Hg oxidation and SO2 oxidation as a limit of conventional catalysts, realizes lowering only the SO2 oxidation ratio while maintaining the Hg oxidation ratio at a high level. There is provided an exhaust gas purification catalyst consisting of a composition comprising respective oxides of (i) titanium (Ti), (ii) molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W), (iii) vanadium (V) and (iv) phosphorus (P) wherein the atomic ratio of Ti : (Mo and/or W) : V is 85 to 97.5 : 2 to 10 : 0.5 to 10, and wherein the atomic ratio of P/(sum of Mo and/or W and V) is inthe range of 0.5 to 1.5. Further, there is provided a method of exhaust gas purification characterized in that an exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxide (NOx) and metallic mercury (Hg) is brought into contact with the above catalyst in the presence of ammonia as a reducing agent so as to carry out oxidation of metallic mercury (Hg) and reduction of NOx contained in the exhaust gas.
LOW-THERMAL-EXPANSION NI-BASED SUPER-HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOY FOR BOILER AND HAVING EXCELLENT HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH, AND BOILER COMPONENT AND BOILER COMPONENT PRODUCTION METHOD USING THE SAME
Disclosed is a low-thermal-expansion Ni-based super-heat-resistant alloy for a boiler, which has excellent high-temperature strength. The alloy can be welded without the need of carrying out any aging treatment. The alloy has a Vickers hardness value of 240 or less. The alloy comprises (by mass) C in an amount of 0.2% or less, Si in an amount of 0.5% or less, Mn in an amount of 0.5% or less, Cr in an amount of 10 to 24%, one or both of Mo and W in such an amount satisfying the following formula: Mo + 0.5 W = 5 to 17%, Al in an amount of 0.5 to 2.0%, Ti in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0%, Fe in an amount of 10% or less, and one or both of B and Zr in an amount of 0.02% or less (excluding 0%) for B and in an amount of 0.2% or less (excluding 0%) for Zr, with the remainder being 48 to 78% of Ni and unavoidable impurities.
C22C 19/05 - Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
C22F 1/10 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
C22F 1/00 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
[PROBLEMS] To provide a method of regenerating a catalyst in which not only is the SO2 oxidation ratio of denitration catalyst raised by compounds of Fe, V, etc. lowered to an extremely low level but also the oxidation activity of metallic mercury of the catalyst can be enhanced by regeneration treatment. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] The method of regenerating a catalyst comprises the steps of impregnating a used denitration catalyst composed mainly of titanium oxide with (a) a mixed aqueous solution containing phosphate ions and oxo acid ions of at least one element selected from among vanadium (V), molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W), or (b) an aqueous solution of heteropolyacid compound from phosphorus and at least one element selected from among V, Mo and W, or (c) a mixed aqueous solution of phosphate compound and vanadyl compound, and thereafter carrying out drying.
This invention provides a dust coal thermal power generation system, which can significantly reduce emission of NOx in a boiler, and can eliminate the provision of a denitration apparatus. When the denitration apparatus is not provided, the capability of removing mercury in a boiler waste gas is deteriorated. A waste gas purification system for a dust coal boiler, which can prevent this unfavorable phenomenon, is also provided. There is also provided a dust coal boiler comprising a furnace for burning dust coal, a burner for supplying dust coal and air for combustion into the furnace and burning the dust coal in an insufficient air state, and after-air port provided on the downstream side of the burner for supplying air for perfect combustion. In this case, the air ratio in the furnace is brought to 1.05 to 1.14, and the residence time of the combustion gas form the burner provided on the uppermost state to a main after-air port is brought to 1.1 to 3.3 sec. Preferably, water is previously mixed into the air supplied into the after-air port to increase specific heat. Further, dust coal carrying air and air for combustion in the burner are partially previously mixed together before jetting into the furnace. The waste gas purification system comprises a dust coal boiler, an air heater provided on the downstream of the dust coal boiler for heating the air for combustion in the dust coal boiler by heat exchange with the boiler waste gas, a dedusting apparatus, and a desulfurization apparatus. The system further comprises at least one of a halogen gas supply device, a catalyst device for oxidizing a mercury gas and a mercury adsorbing agent blowing device to oxidize mercury in the waste gas.
The cooling temperature of exhaust gas when the gas is preliminarily cooled before it is introduced into a wet type desulfurizer is optimally controlled, and this enhances the removal rate of sulfuric acid mist by a wet type electric dust collector. In an exhaust gas treatment method and device, exhaust gas (12) produced by a boiler (10) is treated by a denitration device (14), an air heater (18), and a dry type electric dust collector (22), and sulfur oxide-containing exhaust gas (24) produced in the treatment is guided to a cooling device (26), a wet type desulfurizer (30), and a wet type electric dust collector (34), in that order. A controller (42) reads an indication value of a streaming current detector (40) provided at a high-voltage power source for the wet type electric dust collector (34) and controls cooling conditions of the cooling device (26) so that the current density at the wet type electric dust collector (34) is maximum.
A system that as for an exhaust gas containing sulfur trioxide (SO3), avoids hampering of the capacity of active carbon or other heavy metal adsorbents for adsorbing Hg and other heavy metals by prior adsorption of SO3. As it has been found that whilst SO3 is adsorbed, the adsorption of SO3 precedes the adsorption of Hg and other heavy metals on active carbon, a basic substance sprayer (11) is disposed along an exhaust gas flow channel on the upstream side of an active carbon sprayer (12), thereby attaining effective removal of Hg and other heavy metals from the exhaust gas by adsorption thereof on the surface pores of the active carbon. The SO3 concentration after removal by basic substance conversion is computed from the SO3 concentration before removal, and on the basis of the concentration, there can be controlled the rate of active carbon inblow.
Provided is a finely-powdered coal burning boiler, which reduces an air-excess ratio thereby to reduce the emission of unburned contents such as CO. The finely-powdered coal burning boiler comprises finely-powdered coal feed measuring means (51) for measuring the feeding rates of the finely-powdered coal to be conveyed through coal feeding pipes (43), individually, and control means (66) for calculating the burning air feeding rates to match the finely-powdered coal feeding rates thereby to send a control command signal to burning air feed adjusting means (64), so that a burner air ratio set by burner air ratio setting means may be kept on the basis of both the finely-powered coal feeding rate, which is measured by the finely-powdered coal feed measuring means (51), and the burning air feeding rate, which is measured by the burning air feeding rate measuring means and fed to a finely-powdered coal burner (61) connected to the coal feeding pipes (43).
G01F 1/66 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
G01F 1/712 - Measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using auto-correlation or cross-correlation detection means
G01F 1/74 - Devices for measuring flow of a fluid or flow of a fluent solid material in suspension in another fluid
G01P 5/20 - Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air streamMeasuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken by the fluid to traverse a fixed distance using particles entrained by a fluid stream
85.
CATALYST FOR REMOVAL OF NITROGEN OXIDE, AND METHOD FOR REMOVAL OF NITROGEN OXIDE
The object is to prevent the poisoning of a nitrogen oxide removal catalyst (i.e., a catalyst for removing a nitrogen oxide from an exhaust gas containing the nitrogen oxide) by a phosphorus compound contained in the exhaust gas. Thus, disclosed are: a nitrogen oxide removal catalyst having excellent durability; and a method for removing a nitrogen oxide. Specifically disclosed is a catalyst comprising a porous material having a controlled pore size and an active ingredient carried inside of a pore of the porous material. The pore of the porous material may have a diameter of 8 to 9 Å. Preferably, the diameter of the pore is 8 to 9 Å as measured by a gas adsorption method which can measure a pore size ranging from 3.4 to 14 Å or as calculated from a crystalline structure. Alternatively, the porous material may be a mesoporous silica. Preferably, the mesoporous silica has a primary particle diameter of 150 to 300 nm.
F01N 3/10 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
86.
EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION CATALYST AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF
Disclosed are: an exhaust gas purification catalyst which comprises a composition comprising oxides of titanium (Ti), molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W), vanadium (V) and bismuth (Bi), wherein the [Ti:(Mo and/or W):V] ratio is 75-98.9:1-15:0.1-10 on an atom basis and the [Bi/(Mo and/or W)] ratio is 0.1 to 0.8 on an atom basis; a method for producing the catalyst; and an exhaust gas purification method using the catalyst. The exhaust gas purification catalyst is less likely to be deteriorated when a volatile catalyst-poisoning compound such as P and As is accumulated, and enables to reduce the SO2 oxidation rate to a fraction of that of a conventional catalyst. Further, when used in the purification of a coal combustion gas, the exhaust gas purification catalyst can keep its activity at a high level over a long period and can keep its SO2 oxidation rate at a low level even if the coal becomes diversified.
In absorption column (4) including absorption unit (19) of relatively small diameter capable of absorption removal by an absorbent slurry for flue gas purification and tank unit (13) of relatively large diameter for temporarily storing the absorbent slurry flowing down from the absorption unit (19), the tank unit (13) and the absorption unit (19) are joined together by means of conical member (20). The conical member (20) is provided with entrance flue (3) to thereby shorten the distance from the upside of the conical member (20) to spray header (8). Accordingly, the height of the absorption column (4) can be reduced to thereby enable prolongation of the distal end of the entrance flue (3) to the absorption unit (19) in which drops of the absorbent slurry fall. Further, the flue gas (1) of high temperature having passed through the entrance flue (3), such as that from boiler, etc., passes through the circumference of the conical member (20), so that an inexpensive material can be used in the conical member (20).
The following devices are successively disposed in the following order from the upstream side to the downstream side in the discharge gas duct of a combustion apparatus: an air preheater which preheats combustion air for use in the apparatus for discharge gas treatment; a heat collector which recovers discharge-gas heat at the outlet of the air preheater; a dust collector which collects soot/dust contained in the discharge gas at the outlet of the heat collector; a wet flue-gas desulfurizer which removes sulfur oxides contained in the discharge gas at the outlet of the dust collector; and a reheater which heats the discharge gas at the outlet of the wet flue-gas desulfurizer. The heat collector and the reheater each has a heat transfer pipe, and a circulation line which connects the heat transfer pipes is disposed. A sulfuric anhydride (SO3) remover is supplied to the upstream side of the heat collector, and the temperature of the discharge gas at the outlet of the heat collector is regulated to or below the dew point of the sulfuric anhydride. As the sulfuric anhydride remover, use is preferably made of at least any one of a sulfuric anhydride adsorbent, sulfuric-anhydride-reducing agent, and sulfuric-anhydride-neutralizing agent. Thus, even when coal having a high sulfur content is used as a fuel, heavy metal(s) contained in the discharge gas can be effectively removed from the discharge gas.
After adjusting of the exhaust gas temperature at the exit of heat recovery unit (11) of exhaust gas treating apparatus to the dew point temperature of sulfur trioxide (SO3) or below, a heavy metal adsorbent is fed from heavy metal adsorbent supply unit (16) disposed in the exhaust gas at the entrance of dust collector (4) or an intermediate position within the dust collector (4), and the exhaust gas containing the heavy metal adsorbent is fed to the dust collector (4). In this stage, preferably, the heavy metal adsorbent is fed into the exhaust gas at the entrance of the dust collector (4) 0.1 sec after adjusting of the exhaust gastemperature at the exit of the heat recovery unit (11) to the dew point temperature of SO3 or below. Further, preferably, in order to prevent any acid corrosion of equipment, the heavy metal adsorbent is fed after spraying of an alkali into the exhaust gas at the entrance or exit of the heat recovery unit (11) and adjusting of the exhaust gas temperature at the exit of the heat recovery unit to the dew point temperature of SO3 or below. Accordingly, even when a coal with high sulfur content is used as fuel, there can be attained effective removal of heavy metal from the exhaust gas.
A pulverized coal boiler of high reliability that attains assured inhibition of any increase of flame temperature occurring at combustion of unburned gas inside furnace by supply of combustion air from an after-air port and attains lowering of the concentration of thermal NOx occurring at combustion. The pulverized coal boiler is pulverized coal boiler (100) comprising furnace (1); burner (2) for feeding of pulverized coal as a fuel into the furnace and combustion thereof, provided on a wall surface of the furnace; and after-air port (3,61) for feeding of combustion air into the interior of the furnace, provided on a wall surface of the furnace downstream of the position at which the burner is provided, wherein spray nozzle (6) for feeding of water, or steam, or two fluids of water and steam into the interior of the furnace is disposed in the vicinity of combustion air injection hole of the after-air port (3,60) so that together with the combustion air fed from the after-air port, water, or steam, or two fluids of water and steam are fed from the spray nozzle into the interior of the furnace.
This invention provides a solid fuel burner, which, while rendering the capacity larger than that in the prior art, can suppress an increase in an unignited region and thus can realize the prevention of an increase in NOx density in a combustion gas and the prevention of a lowering in combustion efficiency, and a combustion equipment and boiler comprising the burner. The burner comprises a fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle (12) which supplies a fuel-containing fluid, from a connection part in a fluid transfer flow passage (10) for transferring a fuel-containing fluid comprising a fuel and a medium for the transfer of the fuel, toward an outlet part provided on the wall of a furnace (4). The fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle (12) in its cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid is in a rectangular, elliptical, or approximately elliptical form having major and minor axis parts from a connecting part (10a) in the fluid transfer flow passage (10) toward the outlet part provided on the wall surface of the furnace (4). Further, the area of a cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid is gradually increased from the connecting part in the fluid transfer flow passage (10) toward the outlet part. One or more air supply nozzles (15) for supplying combustion air are provided on the peripheral part of the nozzle (12).
An absorbing tower (4) is provided in its side wall with a gas entrance (3) for introducing a combustion exhaust gas into the absorbing tower, and an absorbing liquid is sprayed from the nozzles (8a) of a spray header (8) into the exhaust gas (1) introduced to rise from the gas entrance (3). A trough (23) is arranged in the side wall of the absorbing tower (4) and above the gas entrance (3), and a nose (22) having a horseshoe shape in a top plan view and extending into the tower is disposed in the tower side wall portion of the gas entrance (3) other than the portion arranging the trough (23) and at the same or at substantially the same level as the portion of the trough (23). The absorbing liquid, which is sprayed from the nozzle (8a) and drops along the absorbing tower wall portion, is scattered again to the center portion of the absorbing tower excepting the entrance of the absorbing tower, so that the gas-liquid contact efficiency is improved while suppressing the increase in the pressure loss, thereby to prevent the drift of the gas at the tower wall portion.
Disclosed is a catalyst which is more highly capable of oxidizing mercury than a conventional catalyst without the need of being used in a large amount and without the need of increasing its SO2-oxidizing ability. Specifically disclosed is a catalyst for oxidation of metal mercury, which comprises a composite oxide of molybdenum and vanadium (e.g., MoV2O8) as the catalytically active main ingredient, wherein the composite oxide of molybdenum and vanadium is supported in the layered form only on the surface of a sheet-like or honeycomb-like porous carrier. The porous carrier comprises Ti and W and has a function of a denitrification catalyst as a whole.
An apparatus for removing of traces of toxic substances from exhaust gas, comprising, disposed in sequence from the upstream side in a flow channel of exhaust gas emitted from combustion equipment, a denitration unit including a denitration catalyst layer capable of removing nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas and capable of oxidizing metallic mercury; an air preheater adapted for heat exchange between air for combustion in the combustion equipment and the exhaust gas; a dust removal unit having a bag filter containing a catalyst for metallic mercury oxidation; and a desulfurization unit for removing sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas. The bag filter may be disposed in advance of the desulfurization unit. Thus, there can be provided an apparatus for removing of traces of toxic substances from exhaust gas that is stable over a prolonged period of time and is highly reliable; and provided a method of operating the same.
A flue gas denitration apparatus designed to avoid clogging of ammonia water spray nozzle. There is provided a flue gas denitration apparatus comprising bifluid spray nozzle tube (5) for spraying of ammonia water into boiler exhaust gas (G) with the use of a gas and denitration catalyst layer (3) allowing passage of ammonia-containing exhaust gas therethrough and inducing denitration reaction thereof, wherein the bifluid spray nozzle tube (5) is disposed within exterior pipe (8) furnished with an opening for spray passage at a place opposite to ammonia water emitting aperture (11), and wherein the exterior pipe (8) is fitted with cylindrical flow rectifier tube (12) capable of not only supply of purge air but also rectifying the exhaust gas flowing therearound in such a fashion that the axial line thereof is aligned with the direction of flow of exhaust gas (a) and that the flow rectifier tube (12) is concentric with blowout aperture. The inside diameter of the flow rectifier tube (12) is larger than the outside diameter of the exterior pipe (8), and the axial direction length of the flow rectifier tube (12) is larger than the outside diameter of the exterior pipe (8).
An absorbing tower provided with plural spray headers (3) which each have plural spray nozzles (5) and are arranged in a multi –stage state in the flow direction of exhaust gas, in which an absorbing fluid containing a slurry of lime stone or lime is sprayed through the nozzles (5) to absorb and remove sulfur oxide contained in exhaust gas, wherein each spray nozzle (5) is of an annular spray type (a holocone type) and the spray nozzles (5) in the neighborhood of the tower wall have such a structure that the fluid is sprayed radially at spray angles of 50 to 80° with the direction counter to the flow of exhaust gas as the center, while the nozzles (5) in the central part of the tower have such a structure that the fluid is sprayed radially at spray angles of 80 to 130° with the direction counter to the flow thereof as the center. According to the invention, the irregular flow of exhaust gas in the tower can be inhibited by using two kinds of spray nozzles (5) to thereby protect the desulfurization performance from lowering caused by channelling of exhaust gas in the neighborhood of the tower wall. Further, an extremely high pressure loss can be inhibited by the flow-regulating effect of sprayed droplets. Thus, a wet-type exhaust gas desulfurizer with a reduced total cost is obtained.
Tertiary nozzle (3) of port (31) for gas injection into furnace (34) comprising a contracted flow producing channel provided obliquely toward central axis (C) from the upstream side of gas flow so that the gas flow has a velocity component heading from the outer circumferential side of the port (31) toward the central axis (C) and a velocity component heading along the central axis (C) toward the interior of the furnace, and comprising louver (32) disposed for guiding so that the gas flows along the surface of throat wall (26) of enlarged pipe configuration wherein the gas channel is enlarged at a furnace wall opening disposed at an outlet area of the contracted flow producing channel. Accordingly, there can be provided a gas injection port that not depending on conditions, such as the flow rate of gas injected from the port, without inviting any complication of apparatus structuring or cost increase, enables preventing of the growth in lump form of clinker caused by ash adhesion and fusion on the wall surface of throat enlarged pipe portion of the furnace.
A catalyst mainly containing silicon oxide and vanadium oxide and having an Si/V atomic ratio within the range from 99.5/0.5 to 85/15 is obtained by gelatinizing a liquid mixture of a colloidal silica and a vanadium compound in advance, then mixing the thus-obtained slurry by heating, and finally drying and/or firing the resulting mixture. As a catalyst for oxidizing mercury metal, this catalyst is brought into contact with an exhaust gas containing mercury metal, thereby oxidizing mercury metal.
Disclosed is a ferritic heat-resistant steel which has the following chemical composition (by weight): C: 0.01-0.10%; Si: 0.30-1.0%; P: 0.02 or less; S: 0.010% or less; Mn: 0.2-1.2%; Ni: 0.3% or less; Cr: 8.0-11.0%; Mo: 0.1-1.2%; W: 1.0-2.5%; V: 0.10-0.30%; Nb: 0.02-0.12%; Co: 0.01-4.0%; N: 0.01-0.08%; B: not less than 0.001% and less than 0.010%; Cu: 0.3% or less; and Al: 0.010% or less, provided that the chemical composition satisfies the following equations: Mo(%) + 0.5xW(%) = 1.0-1.6, and C(%) + N(%) = 0.02-0.15%, and which comprises a tempered martensite single-phase tissue produced by thermal refining. The steel shows an excellent long-term creep rupture strength even when used at a steam temperature around 650˚C and also has excellent water vapor oxidizability. When the value represented by the equation: Al(%) + 0.1xNi(%) is adjusted to 0.02 or less, the creep strength can be more stabilized.
Absorption liquid circulating pipes (11) fitted with absorption tower circulating pumps (12) corresponding to individual spray headers (3) are inserted from the void tower portion inside absorption tower (1), near the liquid surface of liquid trapping portion (9), in the interior of the absorption tower, erected vertically from substantially the center of the absorption tower (1) and connected to respective spray headers (3) provided in multiple stages along the direction of gas flow. Multiple nozzles (5) of each of the spray headers (3) are disposed mutually concentrically or rectangularly on a plane orthogonal to the direction of flue gas flow within the absorption tower (1). Thus, there can be provided a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus that is capable of large-capacity flue gas treatment and that in a plant where highly efficient desulfurization of flue gas of high SOx concentration is demanded, even when the amount of liquid circulated through the absorption tower is increased, can avoid increasing of the height of absorption tower and the power of absorption tower circulating pumps and can realize easily disposing of footpath for maintenance.
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