Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.) and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus for reducing and/or eliminating various liquid discharges from one or more emission control equipment devices (e.g., one or more wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) units). In another embodiment, the method and apparatus of the present invention is designed to reduce and/or eliminate the amount of liquid waste that is discharged from a WFGD unit by subjecting the WFGD liquid waste to one or more drying processes, one or more spray dryer (or spray dry) absorber processes, and/or one or more spray dryer (or spray dry) evaporation processes.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/50 - Sulfur oxides
• B01D 53/73 - After-treatment of removed components
• B01D 53/78 - Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
• B01D 53/80 - Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
• B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
• F23J 15/00 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
• B01D 1/16 - Evaporating by spraying
• C02F 1/12 - Spray evaporation

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus for: (i) reducing halogen levels necessary to affect gas-phase mercury control; (ii) reducing or preventing the poisoning and/or contamination of an SCR catalyst; and/or (iii) controlling various emissions. In another embodiment, the method and apparatus of the present invention is designed to: (a) achieve a reduction in the level of one or more halogens, or halogen-containing compounds, necessary to affect gas-phase mercury control; (ii) achieve protection of, increase the catalytic activity, and/or increase the catalytic life span of an SCR catalyst; and/or (iii) achieve control of various emissions from a combustion process.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 47/00 - Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
• B01D 53/56 - Nitrogen oxides

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the generation of steam via the use of a combustion process to produce heat and, in one embodiment, to a device, system and/or method that enables one to control one or more process parameters of a combustion process so as to yield at least one desirable change in at least one downstream parameter. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to measuring or determining at least one process parameter of a combustion system and using the information obtained from same to control at least one component of the combustion system.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/30 - Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
• B01D 53/48 - Sulfur compounds
• B01D 53/75 - Multi-step processes

Abstract

A circulating dry scrubber flue gas desulfurization system is disclosed. Hydrated lime is injected into the flue gas upstream of the CDS vessel. The flue gas then passes through a particle collection device, where solids are captured. At least a portion of the solids are recycled from the particle collection device to a splitter, where the solids are divided between the injection points. No distribution box is needed, which permits lowering the height and/or restructuring the location of many components of the system, reducing costs. An improved solids transport system is also disclosed. Flue gas can be recycled from downstream and used as a fluidizing gas for transporting solids between different locations. Exemplary systems include fluidized slide gravity conveyors, fluidization pads in bins, and in hoppers. The flue gas is generally already at an elevated temperature, reducing power consumption needed to heat the fluidizing gas.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/50 - Sulfur oxides
• B01D 53/56 - Nitrogen oxides
• B01D 53/86 - Catalytic processes

Abstract

A solar power system comprises a solar receiver, a heated solids storage tank downstream of the solar receiver, a fluidized bed heat exchanger downstream of the heated solids storage tank, and means for transporting solid particles from the fluidized bed heat exchanger to a cold solids storage tank upstream of the solar receiver. The fluidized bed heat exchanger includes a first fluidized bed and a second fluidized bed. Solid particles flow through the fluidized bed heat exchanger and transfer heat energy to heating surfaces in the two fluidized beds. The system permits the solid particles to absorb more energy and permits a constant energy output from the fluidized bed heat exchanger.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24J 2/46 - Component parts, details or accessories of solar heat collectors

Abstract

A dual phase fuel feeder is disclosed that can be used to provide both solid fuels and liquid fuels to a boiler, such as a fluidized bed boiler. The fuel feeder includes a sloped chute which defines a solid feedpath. Gas distribution nozzles are located at the base of the fuel feeder, and secondary nozzles are located so as to be able to distribute a liquid or particulate fuel into the solid feedpath. This permits the liquid fuel to contact the solid fuel and be carried into the fluidized bed instead of becoming suspended above the bed.

IPC Classes  ?

• F22B 31/00 - Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatusArrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
• F23C 10/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles
• F23C 10/10 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber

Abstract

A remote submerged chain conveyor system for separating particles from a coal ash/water slurry from one or more remotely located boiler units. A tank forms an ash holding section, a dewatering section, and an ash settling section. The ash holding section receiving the slurry with first and second opposite ends. The dewatering section dewaters the slurry. The settling zone is an elongated trough connected with the ash holding section at one end with a discharge drain trough at near an opposite end. The tank sections being oriented in a generally linear arrangement wherein a net flow of water from the ash/water slurry is in a direction from the settling zone toward the distal and. A drag chain moves along the ash settling conveying the particles settling from the slurry to the dewatering section.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 21/02 - Settling tanks
• B01D 21/24 - Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
• B01D 21/28 - Mechanical auxiliary equipment for acceleration of sedimentation, e.g. by vibrators or the like

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.) and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus for reducing or preventing the poisoning and/or contamination of an SCR catalyst. In still another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for increasing the service life and/or catalytic activity of an SCR catalyst while simultaneously controlling various emissions. In yet another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling, mitigating and/or reducing the amount of selenium contained in and/or emitted by one or more pieces of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/64 - Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury

Abstract

A nozzle block for a sootblower of the type for cleaning internal heat transfer surfaces of large scale coal fired combustion systems. For cleaning the internal surfaces, a cleaning medium is often used in the form of steam. Due to the cyclical operations and the process of condensation, condensate slugs of water can form in the sootblower fluid flow components. If these slugs are ejected against clean surfaces, undesirable erosion can occur. Several embodiments of nozzle blocks are described each having one or more ejection ports at their distal ends configured to maximize the ejection of condensates while minimizing their cross- sectional area which would diminish nozzle fluidic efficiency. Additional features enhance the ability of the nozzle block to separate and disperse condensate from the slots.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28G 1/16 - Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
• F28G 3/16 - Rotary appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
• F28G 15/00 - CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OF BOILERS Details

Abstract

An ash transport system and method is provided that includes a transport line, four hoppers, and an airlock or hopper valve attached to each hopper. The ash transport system transports an ash mass from the airlock or hopper valve to the transport line if pressure in the transport line falls below a predefined pressure threshold assigned to the respective airlock or hopper valve. After a predefined period of time elapses, the ash transport system transports the ash mass from the airlock or hopper valve to the transport line if the pressure in the transport line falls below different respective predefined pressure thresholds. The airlocks and hopper valves simultaneously transport the ash masses to the transport line if, prior to the predefined period of time elapsing, the pressure in the transport line falls below each of the respective predefined pressure thresholds.

IPC Classes  ?

• B65G 51/16 - Controlling or conditioning the operating medium varying, e.g. starting or stopping, gas pressure or flow
• B65G 51/40 - Automatically distributing the carriers to desired stations
• B65G 53/04 - Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubesAir slides

Abstract

An ash transport system and method is provided that includes a transport line, four hoppers, and an airlock or hopper valve attached to each hopper. The ash transport system transports an ash mass from the airlock or hopper valve to the transport line if pressure in the transport line falls below a predefined pressure threshold assigned to the respective airlock or hopper valve. After a predefined period of time elapses, the ash transport system transports the ash mass from the airlock or hopper valve to the transport line if the pressure in the transport line falls below different respective predefined pressure thresholds. The airlocks and hopper valves simultaneously transport the ash masses to the transport line if, prior to the predefined period of time elapsing, the pressure in the transport line falls below each of the respective predefined pressure thresholds.

IPC Classes  ?

• B65G 53/66 - Use of indicator or control devices, e.g. for controlling gas pressure, for controlling proportions of material and gas, for indicating or preventing jamming of material
• B65G 53/06 - Gas pressure systems operating without fluidisation of the materials

Abstract

Generation of steam via a combustion process produces heat. A device, system and/or method enables one to control one or more process parameters of a combustion process to yield desirable changes in downstream parameters. Downstream process parameters associate one or more of a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) unit, a particulate collection device, control of additives, or a nitrogen oxide control device. At least two process parameters of a combustion process are controlled to yield at least one desirable change in at least one downstream process parameter associated with one or more of a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) unit, a particulate collection device, nitrogen oxide control device, control of additives thereto, or additives to the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
• G01N 1/22 - Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
• G05B 23/02 - Electric testing or monitoring

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the cleaning of a flue gas and, in one embodiment, to a device, system and method that mitigates and/or prevents slurry deposition at the flue inlet to a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) unit in order to keep the inlet dry and minimize deposition {e.g., deposition scale) at the flue inlet to the WFGD tower. In one embodiment, a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) unit, system and/or method according to the present invention comprises, among other features, a scale prevention system comprising a plenum air device and/or forced-air box located proximate the inlet transition zone. In another embodiment, a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) unit, system and/or method according to the present invention comprises, among other features, a scale prevention system comprising at least one chill plate located proximate the inlet transition zone.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 5/00 - Softening waterPreventing scaleAdding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
• C02F 5/10 - Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
• C02F 5/08 - Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
• B01D 53/50 - Sulfur oxides

Abstract

A non-mechanical valve arrangement for use with circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers has a CFB reaction chamber and a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) within an enclosure in the lower portion of the CFB reaction chamber, the BFB containing an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX). Solids flowing from the BFB enclosure to the CFB reaction chamber may be controlled using one or more non-mechanical valves. Each non-mechanical valve is independently controlled using independently controlled fluidizing means. The non-mechanical valve has collectors to collect solids backsifting into the fluidizing means of the valve. Agglomerates are removed which could block the valve. Channel walls parallel to the direction of solids flow through the valve opening may be provided to reduce external interference with local fluidization to maintain the proper functionality of the non-mechanical valve.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique

Abstract

A rapid startup heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) comprises a gas inlet, a high pressure section, an optional intermediate pressure section, an optional low pressure section, and a gas outlet. The high pressure section comprises a high pressure steam-water separator and a plurality of high pressure evaporator tubes in fluid communication with the high pressure steam-water separator. At least one of the pressure sections includes a vertical steam separator.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02C 1/06 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly characterised by the type or source of heat, e.g. using nuclear or solar energy using reheated exhaust gas
• B21D 53/02 - Making other particular articles heat exchangers, e.g. radiators, condensers

Abstract

A dual-path parallel superheater includes a drum for delivering steam, a steam receiving apparatus opposite the drum for receiving steam, a first surface and a second which receive steam from the drum to provide first and second paths for superheating the steam before delivering it to the steam receiving apparatus. There are also spray attemperators along the first and second paths.

IPC Classes  ?

• F22B 29/06 - Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the field of emissions control and, in particular to a new and useful method and/or system by which to control various types of corrosion and/or precipitation issues in at least a portion of a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) scrubber system. Sn one embodiment, the method and/or system of the present invention relies on the supply of at least one reducing agent to the slurry of a wet flue gas desulfurization scrubber to lower the oxidation reduction potential in the absorber slurry contained within the wet flue gas desulfurization scrubber. In still another embodiment, the method and/or system of the present invention control the oxidation-reduction potential in at least one bleed stream of an absorber slurry, filtrate, and/or solution from a wet flue gas desulfurization scrubber.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/34 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
• B01D 53/50 - Sulfur oxides
• B01D 53/64 - Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the field of emissions control and, in particular to a new and useful method and/or system by which to control, treat and/or mitigate various liquid-based acidic compounds that are produced during oxy- combustion (e.g., during a compression step and/or cooling step) from various gaseous acid compounds and/or gaseous acid precursor compounds (e.g., SOx, NOx, etc.). In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a method and/or system by which such one or more liquid-based acid compounds are recycled into the flue gases and/or into one or more of the emissions control and/or flue gas treatment equipment of an oxy-combustion power generation system.

IPC Classes  ?

• F23C 5/00 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the arrangement or mounting of burners

Abstract

An apparatus for using a water coil air heater with a single bank economizer. A boiler economizer arrangement includes an economizer bank which has separate hot pass bank and cold pass bank economizer portions in a parallel arrangement, each facing the same flow of hot flue gas. Feedwater enters the cold pass bank economizer where it is heated by the hot flue gas, and then flows to a water coil air heater away from the hot flue gas. The feedwater dissipates heat energy in the water coil air heater which may be used to heat air bound for combustion. The feedwater continues into the hot pass bank economizer portion of the economizer arrangement where it absorbs additional heat from the flue gas. The heated feedwater flows out of the economizer arrangement and may be subject to additional heating by a boiler or other heat exchanger.

IPC Classes  ?

• F22B 31/08 - Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion

Abstract

A dual-exposure heat absorption panel is disclosed, which can be used in a solar receiver design. Generally, the heat absorption panel includes a tube panel through which a heat transfer fluid is flowed to absorb solar energy from heliostats that are focused on the tube panel. A structural support frame surrounds the tube panel. A stiffener structure runs across the exposed faces of the tube panel. The headers and other support structures on the periphery are protected by use of a heat shield. Different tube couplings are possible with this structure, as well as different stiffening structures at the headers. The heat shield can be shaped to create an open space, permitting focusing of sunlight on the edge tubes as well. A curtain can be used as an additional heat shield in certain scenarios.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24J 2/24 - the working fluid being conveyed through tubular heat absorbing conduits

Abstract

A dual-exposure heat absorption panel is disclosed, which can be used in a solar receiver design. Generally, the heat absorption panel includes a tube panel through which a heat transfer fluid is flowed to absorb solar energy from heliostats that are focused on the tube panel. A structural support frame surrounds the tube panel. A stiffener structure runs across the exposed faces of the tube panel. The headers and other support structures on the periphery are protected by use of a heat shield.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24J 2/52 - Arrangement of mountings or supports

Abstract

A solar receiver has an arrangement of heat transfer surfaces and a heat transfer fluid phase separator, such as a vertical steam/water separator, fluidly interconnected thereto. The receiver includes a plurality of heat transfer fluid filled components, and at least one alternate heat source. When various temperature measurements indicate freezing or solidification of the fluid is possible, the alternate heat source is activated to maintain a temperature of the fluid greater than the freezing/solidification point of the fluid. The application of the alternate heat source further induces natural circulation of the fluid within the components, further providing freeze/solidification protection to the receiver. A controller may be configured to receive sensed temperatures of the fluid, components, ambient air, etc., and use these temperatures relative to a threshold temperature to activate, vary output, and deactivate one or more alternate heat sources.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24J 2/40 - Control arrangements

Abstract

The present disclosure relates, in various embodiments, to solar receivers that include a central receiver assembly and at least one "wing" assembly. The wing assembly includes a dual-exposure or two-sided heat absorption panel, and is supported by structural components extending from the central receiver assembly. The heat absorption panels in the central receiver assembly and in the wing assembly may differ in the design and size of their tubing. Disclosed herein in various embodiments is a solar receiver comprising a central receiver assembly and a wing assembly. The central receiver assembly comprises an internal support structure and at least one external central tube panel.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24J 2/06 - having concentrating elements (optical elements or systems per seG02B)

Abstract

A grinder roller assembly and a method of forming a grinder roller assembly are provided. The grinder roller assembly includes an elongated shaft that comprises a shaft outer surface. The grinder roller assembly further includes an insert plate. The insert plate has a plate outer surface that is noncircular and substantially smooth. The insert plate further has a plate opening that defines a plate inner surface and is configured to receive the elongated shaft. The grinder roller assembly further includes a roller having a roller opening that defines a roller inner surface that cooperates with the plate outer surface. The grinder roller assembly further includes at least one fastener that attaches the insert plate to the elongated shaft.

IPC Classes  ?

• B02C 4/30 - Shape or construction of rollers

Abstract

A grinder roller assembly and a method of forming a grinder roller assembly are provided. The grinder roller assembly includes an elongated shaft that comprises a shaft outer surface. The grinder roller assembly further includes an insert plate. The insert plate has a plate outer surface that is noncircular and substantially smooth. The insert plate further has a plate opening that defines a plate inner surface and is configured to receive the elongated shaft. The grinder roller assembly further includes a roller having a roller opening that defines a roller inner surface that cooperates with the plate outer surface. The grinder roller assembly further includes at least one fastener that attaches the insert plate to the elongated shaft.

IPC Classes  ?

• B02C 4/08 - Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
• B21B 27/03 - Sleeved rolls
• B21B 31/08 - Interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
• B02C 4/30 - Shape or construction of rollers
• F23J 1/00 - Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
• B27G 13/02 - Cutter blocksOther rotary cutting tools specially adapted for working wood or similar materials in the shape of long arbors, i.e. cylinder cutting blocks
• A01D 82/00 - Crop conditioners, i.e. machines for crushing or bruising stalks
• A01D 43/10 - Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for crushing or bruising the mown crop
• A01F 12/40 - Arrangements of straw crushers or cutters

Abstract

Methods of reducing emissions levels during steady-state conditions are disclosed for use with a dry scrubber desulfurization system. A dry calcium hydroxide powder is injected into the gas flowpath and watered in the spray dryer absorber. The resulting slurry is then deposited on the filter bags in the baghouse. This can be done at lower temperatures than the spray dryer absorber would otherwise be operable, enabling desulfurization to occur earlier in the combustion process, particularly during startup of a cold boiler at ambient temperature. The operation of the boiler can also be backed up, made up, trimmed, or augmented depending on various operating scenarios.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/56 - Nitrogen oxides
• B01D 53/86 - Catalytic processes
• B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes

Abstract

Methods of reducing emissions levels during upset periods such as startup are disclosed for use with a dry scrubber desulfurization system. A dry calcium hydroxide powder is injected into the gas flowpath and hydrated in the spray dryer absorber. The resulting hydrated powder is then deposited on the filter bags in the baghouse. This can be done at lower temperatures than the spray dryer absorber would otherwise be operable, enabling desulfurization to occur earlier in the combustion process, such as during startup of a cold combustion system at ambient temperature. The operation of the combustion system can also be backed up, made up, trimmed, or augmented depending on various operating scenarios.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/56 - Nitrogen oxides

Abstract

A solar receiver is disclosed. The solar receiver is modular, has multiple tube panels in a rectangular/square/polygonal/circular configuration, and is designed for use with molten salt or another heat transfer fluid. The heat transfer fluid flows in a vertical serpentine path through the sides (facets) of the solar receiver. The solar receiver can be shop assembled and can be used with a support tower to form a solar power system.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24J 2/10 - having reflectors as concentrating elements
• F24J 2/34 - having heat storage mass
• A61N 1/04 - Electrodes
• F24J 2/24 - the working fluid being conveyed through tubular heat absorbing conduits
• F24J 2/30 - with means to exchange heat between plural fluids
• F22B 1/00 - Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
• F24J 2/07 - Receivers working at high temperature, e.g. for solar power plants
• F24J 2/46 - Component parts, details or accessories of solar heat collectors

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.) and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus for reducing or preventing the poisoning and/or contamination of an SCR catalyst. In another embodiment, the method and apparatus of the present invention is designed to protect the SCR catalyst. In still another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for increasing the service life and/or catalytic activity of an SCR catalyst while simultaneously controlling various emissions.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/64 - Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
• B01D 53/46 - Removing components of defined structure

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the field of catalysts for use in connection with one or more types of emissions control (e.g., emissions control associated with the combustion of one or more types of fossil fuel) and, in particular to catalyst compositions that possess an improved resistance to at least one type of poisoning. In another embodiment, the catalysts of the present invention are designed to be utilized in conjunction with an SCR and possess an improved resistance to phosphorus poisoning.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 21/00 - Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium

Abstract

In an illustrative embodiment, a pressurized water nuclear reactor (PWR) includes a pressure vessel (12, 14, 16), a nuclear reactor core (10) disposed in the pressure vessel, and a vertically oriented hollow central riser (36) disposed above the nuclear reactor core inside the pressure vessel. A once-through steam generator (OTSG) (30) disposed in the pressure vessel includes vertical tubes (32) arranged in an annular volume defined by the central riser and the pressure vessel. The OTSG further includes a fluid flow volume surrounding the vertical tubes and having a feedwater inlet (50) and a steam outlet (52). The PWR has an operating state in which feedwater injected into the fluid flow volume at the feedwater inlet is converted to steam by heat emanating from primary coolant flowing inside the tubes of the OTSG, and the steam is discharged from the fluid flow volume at the steam outlet.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21C 19/28 - Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor coreArrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core

Abstract

A sootblower isolation wall box provided for sealing the wall box opening of a large scale boiler to provide sootblower lance tube access to the boiler. The wall box assembly includes a clamping seal assembly having radial sealing segments which are individually actuated. Applying fluid pressure to actuating cylinders causes the seal segments to be clamped against the outer circumference of the sootblower lance tube. During cleaning cycles, the segments are actuated to provide a radial clearance with the lance tube. Preferably, the clamping seal assembly is used in connection with another seal assembly which is relied upon to provide sealing during the cleaning steps. In a preferred embodiment, the additional seal assembly is in the form of a labyrinth-type seal assembly.

IPC Classes  ?

• F23J 3/02 - Cleaning furnace tubesCleaning flues or chimneys

Abstract

A method for capturing gaseous elemental mercury in a flue gas wherein a soluble mercury oxidizer is utilized to oxidize gaseous elemental mercury at a gas-liquid interface of a wet scrubber, and oxidized mercury product is removed prior to re-emission.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 47/00 - Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to the field of coal flow in the outlet portion of a coal pulverizer, and in particular to a new and useful system/apparatus, method and drive means for controlling the position of one or more coal flow vanes in the upper portion of a coal pulverizer. The system and/or apparatus in accordance with the present invention utilizes a "cartridge" which is insertable into a turret at the top portion of a coal pulverizer, the present invention permitting the control of one or more coal flow vanes via an internal control system/means. In certain embodiments, the "cartridge" in accordance with the present invention encircles the raw coal inlet pipe, and is insertable into a turret at the top portion of a coal pulverizer, the present invention again permitting the control of one or more coal flow vanes via an internal control system/means.

IPC Classes  ?

• B02C 23/32 - Passing gas through crushing or disintegrating zone with return of oversize material to crushing or disintegrating zone

Abstract

A sootblower is provided having a multidirectional cleaning range for directing a cleaning medium against heated surfaces in a heat exchanger. The sootblower includes a rotatable lance tube that is selectively advanced and withdrawn along a longitudinal axis from an interior volume of the heat exchanger. The lance tube includes an articulating wrist coupled to a nozzle for projecting the cleaning medium in multi-directions onto the heated surfaces when the lance tube is advanced into the heat exchanger. The nozzle is pivotable about the longitudinal axis and about a second axis transverse to the longitudinal axis.

IPC Classes  ?

• F23J 3/02 - Cleaning furnace tubesCleaning flues or chimneys

Abstract

A shop-assembled solar receiver heat exchanger having an arrangement of heat transfer surfaces and a vertical steam/water separator structurally and fluidically interconnected thereto. A vertical support structure is provided to support the vertical separator and the heat transfer surfaces. The vertical support structure is bottom supported, while the vertical steam/water separator and heat exchanger heat transfer surfaces are top supported from the vertical support structure. The vertical support structure provides structural support and rigidity for the heat exchanger and a means by which the heat exchanger can be picked up and lifted for placement at a desired location. A fabrication/transport/lifting fixture is provided which facilitates fabrication, assembly, transportation and erection of the heat exchanger from the shop to the field. The fixture supports two trunnion shafts attached to the support structure of the receiver Lifting lugs would be located on the top end of the support structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24J 2/04 - Solar heat collectors having working fluid conveyed through collector

Abstract

An erection method for a solar receiver and support tower the method comprising the steps of (a) providing a solar receiver, (b) providing a support tower in the form of two of more support tower insert sections and wherein at least one of the support tower insert sections is designed to finally receive and support the solar receiver, (c) providing a climbing assembly, wherein the climbing assembly is designed to raise the solar receiver to a final height by progressively jacking and installing support tower insert sections between a first support tower insert section and the bottom of the solar receiver, (d) placing the solar receiver on top of the first support tower insert section, and (e) progressively jacking and installing one or more additional support tower insert sections between the first support tower insert section and the bottom of the solar receiver.

IPC Classes  ?

• E04H 12/34 - Arrangements for erecting or lowering towers, masts, poles, chimney stacks, or the like

Abstract

A heat exchanger having an arrangement of heat transfer surfaces and a pair of vertical steam/water separators structurally interconnected to one another to provide an integral support structure for the heat exchanger. The structural interconnection includes upper and lower structural members extending between the pair of vertical steam/water separators. The upper and lower structural members include headers, and an arrangement of heating surface which extends between and is fluidically connected to the headers. A structural support framework surrounds the heat exchanger for bottom support thereof, the framework providing structural support and rigidity for the heat exchanger and a means by which the heat exchanger can be picked up and lifted for placement at a desired location.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28F 9/00 - CasingsHeader boxesAuxiliary supports for elementsAuxiliary members within casings

Abstract

An apparatus for low-temperature N Ox-reduction is disclosed, which is useful in boiler installations used at electric-generating plants. The apparatus employs one or a plurality of moving-bed reactors wherein a moving bed of common base-metal catalyst is used for selective catalytic reduction of NOx present in flue gas. The moving bed permits continuous introduction of fresh or regenerated catalyst, thus obviating the conventional problems of sulfur-poisoning and consequent reduction in catalytic activity with such catalysts. Due to the lower activation energies of such catalysts, an SCR utilizing the moving-bed reactors disclosed herein can be located downstream of the air heater, further improving electric-generating efficiency. Methods for low-temperature NOx reduction are also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/34 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
• B01J 8/12 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by gravity in a downward flow
• C01B 21/02 - Preparation of nitrogen

Abstract

A combustion system equipped with one or more carbonaceous fuel burning combustors (e.g., slagging Cyclone combustor) and adapted to minimize nitrogen oxide (NOx) formation during staged combustion operation by selective introduction of oxygen through at least one of the combustors to create a hot sub-stoichiometric combustion zone by reducing the diluent effect of nitrogen and other inert gases present in the oxidizer/air. A method of operating the combustion system of the invention with reduced NOx emissions is also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• F23D 1/02 - Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
• F23J 15/00 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes

Abstract

A method and apparatus for preparing pulverized coal used in the production of synthesis gas combusted in gas turbines used in integrated gasification combined cycle power plants uses gas turbine exhaust gas to dry and convey pulverized coal from a pulverizer to a coal/gas separation device.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02C 6/18 - Plural gas-turbine plantsCombinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatusAdaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants

Abstract

A cleaning apparatus for cleaning a smelt spout of a boiler is provided. The boiler includes a boiler wall defining an outlet port for discharging molten smelt and the smelt spout is positioned with respect to the outlet port so that the molten smelt is able to flow along the smelt spout. The cleaning apparatus includes a cleaning tool having a pair of cleaning blades generally aligned with respective side walls of the smelt spout and an actuating assembly configured to move the cleaning blades from a first position to a second position. The cleaning blades each engage the respective side walls of the smelt spout to dislodge hardened smelt deposits therefrom when in the cleaning blades are in the second position.

IPC Classes  ?

• D21C 11/12 - Combustion of pulp liquors

Abstract

The system uses a color camera and an optical system to map two colors emitted from an object such as a furnace, boiler combustion zone, or burner flame into a temperature image. The color camera utilizes a color video chip with interspersed pixels for each color to reduce alignment issues and utilize the same optical path. In addition, the optical system utilizes a dual band pass optical filter thereby eliminating the number of optical elements and minimizing radiation loss through the optical system thereby improving the dynamic range of the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01J 5/60 - Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using determination of colour temperature
• G01J 5/08 - Optical arrangements