11)223344nn11223344nnn)), - generating a sum of the sub-holograms, and applying a deterministic phase distribution to the sub-holograms or to the generated sum of the sub-holograms resulting in the hologram.
The invention relates to a backlighting means which is suitable in particular for a holographic display apparatus and comprises at least one light guide (LG) having at least two incoupling devices (Gin1, Gin2), at least one of which is switchable, for coupling in light from at least two mutually incoherent light sources (Ls1, Ls2) in such a way that, in chronological succession, by alteration of the switching state of the at least one switchable incoupling device (Gin1; Gin2), light from at least one light source (Ls1; Ls2) is collimated by means of an optical collimation unit and is coupled in at an incoupling device (Gin1; Gin2), and light from at least one other light source (Ls2; Ls1) is collimated by means of an optical collimation unit and is coupled in at another incoupling device (Gin2; Gin1), and incoupled light from the at least two light sources (Ls1; Ls2) propagates in a zigzag in the light guide (LG), preferably by way of total internal reflection, and can be coupled out by means of an outcoupling device (Gout), so that a spatial overlap of light from the at least two light sources (Ls1; Ls2) can be generated during the outcoupling process.
The invention relates to a device which has at least one lighting device, at least one color-selective wave plate, and at least two diffracting devices. The lighting device transmits polarized light of different wavelengths. A polarization rotation for only some of the different wavelengths of the light is provided by means of the at least one color-selective wave plate, whereby light with one wavelength can pass through at least one of the diffracting devices with a different polarization state than the polarization state of a different wavelength of the light. Diffracting structures are written into the at least two diffracting devices such that the light can be diffracted at the same angle for the different wavelengths of the light by combining the at least two diffracting devices.
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
G02F 1/139 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
4.
DISPLAY DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAY, BASED ON TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING OF HOLOGRAM TILES
The invention relates to a display device, in particular a head-mounted display or hocular, having a spatial light modulator and a controllable light-deflecting device for generating a multiple image of the spatial light modulator, which consists of segments, the multiple image being produced at least with a predefinable number of segments which determines the size of a visible area within which a 3D-scene holographically encoded in the spatial light modulator can be reconstructed for observation by an eye of an observer.
G02B 26/12 - Scanning systems using multifaceted mirrors
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
G02B 27/58 - Optics for apodization or superresolutionOptical synthetic aperture systems
G02B 30/27 - Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer’s left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/04 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
A method for encoding complex-valued signals of a computer-generated hologram into a phase-modulating optical element for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional object, and to a computer program product for encoding complex-valued signals of a computer-generated hologram, and to a holographic display for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional object. The object is to reduce the effort on encoding a complex-valued spatial distribution by an iteration method on the basis of phase encoding, so that the computer-generated hologram resulting therefrom can be represented more rapidly and with the same or an improved reconstruction quality. In particular, the convergence during the iterative optimization is intended to be accelerated. This is achieved by a method in which degrees of freedom of the hologram plane as well as the reconstruction plane are used for optimizing the iteration method for rapid convergence and maximization of the diffraction efficiency in the signal range.
The invention relates to a preprocessing circuit for at least one hologram computation circuit that comprises an input interface device for receiving data of a scene to be displayed, a processing device for defined processing of the received data and for converting the data into a system-independent format with incorporation of specific parameters required for displaying the scene, and an output interface device for outputting and transmitting the converted data to at least one hologram computation circuit. An apparatus for computing a hologram for displaying a scene by means of a holographic display apparatus is also disclosed. The apparatus comprises at least one spatial light modulation device and a preprocessing circuit as described, and at least one hologram computation circuit for computing a hologram and for encoding the hologram for the at least one spatial light modulation device.
An apparatus and a method for optimized calculation of 2D sub-holograms for object points of a three-dimensional scene and a pipeline for real-time calculation of holograms are provided. The invention shortens the calculation time of a hologram for representing a three-dimensional scene and/or to reduce the calculation complexity of such a hologram. This is achieved by a 2D sub-hologram of an object point, which has image elements of the spatial light modulator, comprises a half 1D sub-hologram, where the radius of each image element is determined and each image element of the 2D sub-hologram is fixedly assigned to at least one image element of the half 1D sub-hologram with identical or similar radius by way of an electronic circuit, by a method for encoding a hologram, and by a pipeline on the basis of FPGA and/or ASIC.
The invention relates to a light modulation device having pixels. Essentially, the one half of the pixels are reflective and the other half of the pixels are transmissive. The reflective pixels are arranged in alternation with the transmissive pixels in the same substrate plane. The light modulation device also has a backplane, which has transistors and data lines for conducting signals to the pixels. Each pixel is assigned at least one transistor and at least two data lines. The transistors and the data lines of each adjacent pair of a reflective pixel and a transmissive pixel are arranged under the reflective pixel.
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G02F 1/13363 - Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
G02F 1/1347 - Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
A three-dimensional light modulator, of which the pixels are combined to form modulation elements. Each modulation element can be coded with a preset discrete value such that three-dimensionally arranged object points can be holographically reconstructed. The light modulator is characterized in that assigned to the pixels of the modulator are beam splitters or beam combiners which, for each modulation element, combine the light wave parts modulated by the pixels by means of refraction or diffraction on the output side to form a common light beam which exits the modulation element in a set propagation direction.
G02B 27/12 - Beam splitting or combining systems operating by refraction only
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G02F 1/13363 - Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
10.
DISPLAY APPARATUS WITH A REDUCED POWER CONSUMPTION
The invention relates to a display apparatus which comprises an illumination device for emitting light, a spatial light modulation device for modulating incident light, an optical system and a control device. The optical system is provided for generating at least one image of the spatial light modulation device as a segment, where the optical system further comprises a deflection device for directing the image of the spatial light modulation device to a defined position in the field of view of a user. The control device is coupled to the illumination device and the deflection device and embodied to switch the illumination device on the basis of a control of the deflection device.
An illumination device for illuminating a spatial light modulator device. Sub-holograms are used for encoding a hologram into the spatial light modulator device. The Illumination device includes at least one light source for emitting light for illuminating the spatial light modulator device and a beam shaping unit. The beam shaping unit provides a flat-top plateau-type distribution of an absolute value of a complex degree of mutual coherence of the light in a plane of the spatial light modulator device to be illuminated. The flat-top plateau-type distribution of the absolute value of the complex degree of mutual coherence has a shape that is at least similar to a shape of the largest sub-hologram used for encoding of object points into the spatial light modulator device.
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/04 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
G03H 1/32 - Systems for obtaining speckle elimination
The invention relates to a light modulation device for a display for representing two- and/or three-dimensional image content or image sequences. The light modulation device comprises a light modulator and a controller. The phase and/or the amplitude of a light wave field, which is substantially collimated, can be varied by means of the light modulator depending on the location of the light modulator. The light modulator can be actuated by means of the control device. According to the invention, in the direction of propagation of the light wave field, at least one diffracting unit is arranged downstream of the light modulator. The diffracting unit has a variable diffracting structure. By means of the diffracting structure, the light wave field varied by the light modulator can be diffracted in a variable and predeterminable manner. Further, the present invention relates to a display and a method for producing a light modulation device.
G02B 30/00 - Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
G02B 30/20 - Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer’s left and right eyes
G02F 1/1347 - Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
13.
Method and holographic apparatus for the three-dimensional representation of scenes
An apparatus and method for the three-dimensional representation of scenes including an illumination device and a spatial light modulation device for modulating incident light. A hologram is encoded into the spatial light modulation device and the hologram is composed of individual sub-holograms, in which an object point of an object of the scene to be reconstructed by the hologram is encoded in each case. The spatial light modulation device is illuminated with substantially coherent light by the illumination device in at least one illumination section. An amplitude distribution and a phase distribution for representing the scene and amplitude values and phase values derived therefrom are determined for encoding the spatial light modulation device. The amplitude of the light incident on the spatial light modulation device in the respective illumination section is set based on at least one parameter at least determined from the amplitude values in this illumination section.
The invention relates to a preprocessing circuit for at least one hologram computation circuit, an apparatus and a method for computing a hologram. The preprocessing circuit has an input interface unit for receiving data for a scene to be displayed, a processing unit for processing the received data in a defined manner and for converting the data into a system-independent format by including specific parameters required for displaying the scene, and an output interface unit for outputting and transmitting the converted data to at least one hologram computation circuit.
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
The invention relates to a light guiding device for guiding light. The light guiding device comprises at least one light guide, at least one beam splitter element, and at least one light decoupling device. The at least one light guide comprises at least two layers. The at least one beam splitter element is provided between the at least two layers of the at least one light guide, where the at least one beam splitter element is designed for partially transmitting and reflecting incident light propagating in the at least one light guide. The at least one light decoupling device is provided for coupling incident light out of the at least one light guide. Furthermore, the invention also relates to an illumination device and a display device for displaying two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional information comprising such a light guiding device.
The invention relates to a light modulation device for a display for representing two- and/or three-dimensional image content or image sequences. The light modulation device comprises a light modulator and a controller. The phase and/or the amplitude of a light wave field, which is substantially collimated, can be varied by means of the light modulator depending on the location of the light modulator. The light modulator can be actuated by means of the control device. According to the invention, in the direction of propagation of the light wave field, at least one diffracting unit is arranged downstream of the light modulator. The diffracting unit has a variable diffracting structure. By means of the diffracting structure, the light wave field varied by the light modulator can be diffracted in a variable and predeterminable manner. Further, the present invention relates to a display and a method for producing a light modulation device.
G02F 1/1347 - Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G02B 30/20 - Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer’s left and right eyes
G02B 30/00 - Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
The invention relates to a light modulation device for a complex-valued modulation of linearly polarized incident light, comprising a first light modulator, a subsequently arranged second light modulator and at least one polarizer, where the first light modulator and the second light modulator are configured as phase modulators, where a modulation axis of the first light modulator is aligned at an angle to the modulation axis of the second light modulator, and where the polarization direction of the light incident on the first light modulator and the polarization direction of the polarizer are respectively aligned at predetermined non-90° angles with respect to the modulation axis of the first light modulator and the modulation axis of the second light modulator.
G02F 1/1347 - Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G02F 1/139 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
18.
Method and device for encoding complex-value signals for the reconstruction of three-dimensional objects
A method for encoding complex-valued signals of a computer-generated hologram into a phase-modulating optical element for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional object, and to a computer program product for encoding complex-valued signals of a computer-generated hologram, and to a holographic display for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional object. The object is to reduce the effort on encoding a complex-valued spatial distribution by an iteration method on the basis of phase encoding, so that the computer-generated hologram resulting therefrom can be represented more rapidly and with the same or an improved reconstruction quality. In particular, the convergence during the iterative optimization is intended to be accelerated. This is achieved by a method in which degrees of freedom of the hologram plane as well as the reconstruction plane are used for optimizing the iteration method for rapid convergence and maximization of the diffraction efficiency in the signal range.
The invention relates to a diffractive optical element which comprises a first substrate and a second substrate, between which a liquid crystal layer is provided. The diffractive optical element also has strip-shaped electrodes on the first substrate and strip-shaped electrodes on the second substrate. The electrodes on the first substrate are arranged at an angle of greater than 50° relative to the electrodes on the second substrate. Furthermore, the electrodes on the first substrate and the electrodes on the second substrate are controllable in such a way that a defined out-of-plane field can be produced in a respective overlapping area of the electrodes on the first substrate with the electrodes on the second substrate. The diffractive optical element can be used in a display device for displaying preferably three-dimensional scenes.
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
The invention relates to a light modulation device having pixels. Essentially, the one half of the pixels are reflective and the other half of the pixels are transmissive. The reflective pixels are arranged in alternation with the transmissive pixels in the same substrate plane. The light modulation device also has a backplane, which has transistors and data lines for conducting signals to the pixels. Each pixel is assigned at least one transistor and at least two data lines. The transistors and the data lines of each adjacent pair of a reflective pixel and a transmissive pixel are arranged under the reflective pixel.
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
The invention relates to a display device for representing two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional objects or scenes. The display device comprises at least one illumination device for emitting sufficiently coherent light, at least one spatial light modulation device for modulating incident light, and at least one optical system. The at least one optical system is provided for multiple imaging of the at least one spatial light modulation device and for generating virtual viewing windows in accordance with the number of images of the at least one spatial light modulation device. The individual images of the at least one spatial light modulation device are combined with one another as segments and form a field of view. The field of view comprises at least one high-resolution holographic segment and at least one low-resolution holographic segment.
G03H 1/00 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto
The invention relates to a head-up display device for representing information in a field of view of an observer. The head-up display device comprises at least one projection device, a deflection device which comprises at least one deflection element at which incident light beams are deflected, a sensor device, and a control device. The sensor device is used for detecting data of at least one test beam which is incident on the deflection device. The control device is used for determining at least one aberration caused by the deflection device and for determining at least one correction signal in real time.
A device for combining light beams which interact with adjacently arranged pixels of a light modulator, having a beam splitting component, a beam combining component, and a beam superposition component. The beam splitting component is configured such that incident light beams are split into a first subbeam and a second subbeam so that the first subbeam propagates toward a first pixel of the light modulator and the second subbeam propagates toward a second pixel of the light modulator. The beam combining component is configured and arranged so that the first subbeam and the second subbeam are combined after interaction with pixels of the light modulator. The beam splitting component and the beam combining component are configured and arranged in such a way that a sum of optical path lengths of the first subbeam and the second subbeam is respectively constant for different angles of incidence.
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G02F 1/13363 - Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
A display device for representing three-dimensional scenes is provided. The display device comprises at least one illumination device, at least one spatial light modulation device and at least one Bragg polarization grating. The Bragg polarization grating comprises at least one birefringent layer, incident light being deflectable at a deflection angle of at least 20°.
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
F21V 8/00 - Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
25.
Display device, in particular a head-mounted display, based on temporal and spatial multiplexing of hologram tiles
The invention relates to a display device, in particular a head-mounted display or hocular, having a spatial light modulator and a controllable light-deflecting device for generating a multiple image of the spatial light modulator, which consists of segments, the multiple image being produced at least with a predefinable number of segments which determines the size of a visible area within which a 3D-scene holographically encoded in the spatial light modulator can be reconstructed for observation by an eye of an observer.
G02B 27/58 - Optics for apodization or superresolutionOptical synthetic aperture systems
G02B 30/27 - Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer’s left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
Disclosed is a holographic display including a spatial light modulator (SLM) with pixels, the SLM pixels being on a substrate, the SLM including circuitry which is on the same substrate as the SLM pixels, the circuitry operable to perform calculations which provide an encoding of the SLM.
G03H 1/04 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/00 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
G09G 3/20 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix
G03H 1/32 - Systems for obtaining speckle elimination
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
27.
Light modulator device for a display for representing two- and/or three-dimensional image content
The invention relates to a light modulation device for a display for representing two- and/or three-dimensional image content or image sequences. The light modulation device comprises a light modulator and a controller. The phase and/or the amplitude of a light wave field, which is substantially collimated, can be varied by means of the light modulator depending on the location of the light modulator. The light modulator can be actuated by means of the control device. According to the invention, in the direction of propagation of the light wave field, at least one diffracting unit is arranged downstream of the light modulator. The diffracting unit has a variable diffracting structure. By means of the diffracting structure, the light wave field varied by the light modulator can be diffracted in a variable and predeterminable manner. Further, the present invention relates to a display and a method for producing a light modulation device.
G02F 1/1347 - Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
28.
DISPLAY APPARATUS WITH A REDUCED POWER CONSUMPTION
The invention relates to a display apparatus, which comprises an illumination device (10) for emitting light, a spatial light modulation device (19) for modulating incident light, an optical system and a control device. The optical system is provided to generate at least one image of the spatial light modulation device as a segment, with the optical system further comprising a deflection device (12) for directing the image of the spatial light modulation device at a defined position in the field of view (18) of a user. The control device is coupled to the illumination device and the deflection device and designed to switch the illumination device on the basis of an activation of the deflection device.
The invention relates to a display device for representing two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scenes. The display device comprises at least one illumination device to emit sufficiently coherent light, at least one spatial light modulation device, at least one optical system and a tracking device. A hologram is encoded into the at least one spatial light modulation device by means of a single-parallax encoding. The at least one optical system is provided to generate at least one virtual visibility region at the position of an eye of an observer. The encoding direction of the hologram on the spatial light modulation device is modifiable by means of the tracking device.
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
G02F 1/1334 - Constructional arrangements based on polymer-dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
G02F 1/1347 - Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
G02F 1/19 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on variable-reflection or variable-refraction elements not provided for in groups
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/04 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for the three-dimensional representation of scenes having an illuminating device and a three-dimensional light modulation device for the modulation of incident light. A hologram is coded into the three-dimensional light modulation device, and the hologram is assembled from individual sub-holograms (11, 12), into each of which is coded an object point (14, 15) of an object in a scene to be reconstructed with the hologram. The three-dimensional light modulation device is illuminated with substantially coherent light in at least one illumination section (40) by means of the illuminating device. An amplitude distribution and a phase distribution for representing the scene and amplitude values and phase values derived therefrom are determined for coding the three-dimensional light modulation device. The amplitude of the light incident on the three-dimensional light modulation device in each illumination section (40) is set depending on at least one characteristic value determined at least from the amplitude values in this illumination section (40).
A method for generating video holograms in real time for a holographic playback device comprising at least one light modulator means, into which a scene divided into object points is encoded as an entire hologram and can be seen as a reconstruction from a visibility region, which is located within a periodicity interval of the reconstruction of the video hologram, the visibility region defining a subhologram together with each object point of the scene to be reconstructed, and the entire hologram being generated from a superposition of contributions of subholograms, is characterized in that for each object point the contributions of the subholograms in the entire reconstruction of the scene can be determined from at least one look-up table.
The invention relates to a display device, in particular a provided near-to-eye display device of a user. The display device comprises at least one illumination device, at least one spatial light modulator device, at least one imaging element, at least one light guide, and at least two partially-reflective decoupling elements. The at least one illumination device is used for emitting sufficiently coherent light. The at least one imaging element is provided for imaging light originating from the at least one light modulator device. The at least two partially-reflective decoupling elements, which are provided in the at least one light guide, are used for coupling the light out of the light guide.
F21V 8/00 - Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
A display device for representing two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional objects or scenes, having at least one spatial light modulation device having pixels for modulating light, at least one optical system, and at least one light guiding device. Light beams originating from the individual pixels of the spatial light modulation device are incident on the at least one light guiding device at different angles on average in relation to the surface of the at least one light guiding device and can be coupled therein, whereby a coupling angular spectrum is definable. The light beams propagating in the at least one light guiding device can be coupled out of the at least one light guiding device at different angles on average in relation to an observer region, whereby a decoupling angular spectrum is definable. The decoupling angular spectrum is enlarged in comparison to the coupling angular spectrum.
The invention relates to a light guide device for guiding light. The light guide device comprises at least one light guide, at least one beam splitter element and at least one light decoupling unit. The at least one light guide has at least two layers. The at least one beam splitter element is provided between the at least two layers of the at least one light guide, wherein the at least one beam splitter element is designed for partially transmitting and reflecting incident light propagating in the at least one light guide. The at least one light decoupling unit is also provided for decoupling incident light out of the at least one light guide. The invention also relates to an illumination unit and a display device for displaying two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional information with a light guide device of this type.
The invention relates to a light modulation device for complex-valued modulation of linearly polarised light, having a first light modulator (12), a subsequently arranged second light modulator (13), and at least one polariser (14), the first light modulator (12) and the second light modulator (13) being designed as phase modulators, wherein a modulation axis (21) of the first light modulator (12) is oriented at an angle to the modulation axis (21) of the second light modulator (13), and wherein the polarisation direction (20) of the light (10) impinging on the first light modulator (12) and the polarisation direction (20) of the polariser (14) are each oriented at a predetermined angle not equal to 90° to the modulation axis (21) of the first light modulator (12) and the modulation axis (21) of the second light modulator (13).
G02F 1/1347 - Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
G02F 1/139 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
36.
Device for combining light beams which interact with adjacently arranged pixels of a light modulator
The present invention relates to a device for combining light beams which interact with adjacently arranged pixels of a light modulator. The present invention furthermore relates to a device for beam combination and to a spatial light modulation device for complex-valued modulation. The invention relates to a device for beam combination, and to an optical arrangement of polarization-sensitive component parts which allows complex-valued modulation of a light field by means of a phase-modulating light modulator and a beam combiner, which is insensitive to changes in the incidence direction of the illumination wave. This document furthermore also relates to various arrangements of reflectively operating light modulators.
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G02F 1/13363 - Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
The invention relates to a diffractive optical element which comprises a first substrate (10) and a second substrate (11), between which a liquid crystal layer (14) is provided. The diffractive optical element also has strip-shaped electrodes (12) on the first substrate (10) and strip-shaped electrodes (13) on the second substrate (11). The electrodes on the first substrate are arranged at an angle of greater than 50° relative to the electrodes on the second substrate. Furthermore, the electrodes on the first substrate and the electrodes on the second substrate are controllable in such a way that a defined out-of-plane field can be produced in a respective overlapping area of the electrodes on the first substrate with the electrodes on the second substrate. The diffractive optical element can be used in a display device for displaying preferably three-dimensional scenes.
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
The invention relates to a light guiding device for guiding light. The light guiding device comprises a light guide, a light coupling device, and a light decoupling device. The light propagates within the light guide via a reflection at boundary surfaces of the light guide. The decoupling of the light out of the light guide is provided by means of the light decoupling device after a predetermined number of reflections of the light at boundary surfaces of the light guide. A display device, in particular a near-eye display device is also provided, which comprises an illumination device having at least one light source, at least one spatial light modulation device, an optical system, and a light guiding device.
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
39.
Device and method for calculating holographic data
An apparatus and a method for optimized calculation of 2D sub-holograms for object points of a three-dimensional scene and a pipeline for real-time calculation of holograms are provided. The invention shortens the calculation time of a hologram for representing a three-dimensional scene and/or to reduce the calculation complexity of such a hologram. This is achieved by a 2D sub-hologram of an object point, which has image elements of the spatial light modulator, comprises a half 1D sub-hologram, where the radius of each image element is determined and each image element of the 2D sub-hologram is fixedly assigned to at least one image element of the half 1D sub-hologram with identical or similar radius by way of an electronic circuit, by a method for encoding a hologram, and by a pipeline on the basis of FPGA and/or ASIC.
The invention relates to a display device for displaying three-dimensional scenes. The display device comprises at least one illumination system, at least one spatial light modulation system and at least one Bragg polarization grating. The Bragg polarization grating has at least one birefringent layer, wherein incident light can be deflected at a deflection angle of at least 20°.
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
A three-dimensional light modulator, of which the pixels are combined to form modulation elements. Each modulation element can be coded with a preset discrete value such that three-dimensionally arranged object points can be holographically reconstructed. The light modulator is characterized in that assigned to the pixels of the modulator are beam splitters or beam combiners which, for each modulation element, combine the light wave parts modulated by the pixels by means of refraction or diffraction on the output side to form a common light beam which exits the modulation element in a set propagation direction.
G02B 27/12 - Beam splitting or combining systems operating by refraction only
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G02F 1/13363 - Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
42.
Beam divergence and various collimators for holographic or stereoscopic displays
A holographic display with an illumination device, an enlarging unit and a light modulator. The illumination device includes at least one light source and a light collimation unit, the light collimation unit collimates the light of the at least one light source and generates a light wave field of the light that is emitted by the light source with a specifiable angular spectrum of plane waves, the enlarging unit is disposed downstream of the light collimation unit, seen in the direction of light propagation, where the enlarging unit includes a transmissive volume hologram realising an anamorphic broadening of the light wave field due to a transmissive interaction of the light wave field with the volume hologram, and the light modulator is disposed upstream or downstream of the anamorphic enlarging unit, seen in the direction of light propagation.
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
F21V 8/00 - Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
G02F 1/1334 - Constructional arrangements based on polymer-dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G03H 1/30 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique discrete holograms only
The invention relates to a display device, in particular a head-mounted display or a head-up display, for representing a two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scene. The display device comprises a spatial light modulator device having pixels, and a beam offset device. The spatial light modulator device is illuminatable with light. The beam offset device is configured to be controllable in such a way that the light modulated by the pixels of the spatial light modulator device is laterally displaceable by less than one pixel extent.
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G09G 3/02 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes by tracing or scanning a light beam on a screen
G02B 26/06 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
The invention relates to a holographic display device for representing a two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scene. The holographic display device comprises at least one spatial light modulator device and an optical component. The at least one spatial light modulator device is provided in order to reconstruct the scene and in order to generate at least one virtual visibility region in an observer plane. The optical component is configured with at least two regions that have a different transparency to one another, the value of the transparency respectively lying between 0 and 1. Furthermore, the optical component is arranged in the display device in such a way that it provides filtering, to be carried out at least partially, of a diffraction order spot in at least one diffraction order inside the virtual visibility region.
The invention relates to a display device for the representation of two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scenes. The display device comprises at least one illumination system for emitting sufficiently coherent light, at least one spatial light modulation system, at least one optical system and a tracking device. A hologram is coded by means of an individual parallax coding in the at least one spatial light modulation device. The at least one optical system is provided for generating at least one virtual visibility region at the location of an eye of an observer. By means of the tracking device, the coding direction of the hologram on the spatial light modulation device can be changed.
The invention relates to a head-up display apparatus for displaying information in a field of view of an observer. The head-up display apparatus has at least one projection device, a deflection device, which has at least one deflection element on which incident light beams are deflected, a sensor device and a control device. The sensor device serves to detect measured values of at least one test beam incident on the deflection device. The control device serves to determine at least one aberration produced by the deflection device and to determine at least one correction signal in real time.
The invention relates to a display device for depicting two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional objects or scenes. Said display device comprises at least one illuminating device for radiating sufficiently coherent light, at least one spatial light modulation device for modulating incident light, and at least one optical system. The at least one optical system is provided for multiple imaging of the at least one spatial light modulation device and, according to the number of images of the at least one spatial light modulation device, for producing virtual viewer windows. The individual images of the at least one spatial light modulation device are combined with each other as segments and form a field of vision. The field of vision comprises at least one high-resolution holographic segment and at least one low-resolution holographic segment.
G03H 1/00 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto
The invention relates to a method for generating holograms for encoding in a spatial light modulation device for a holographic display for representing a two- and/or three-dimensional scene. The two- and/or three-dimensional scene is decomposed into object points and encoded in a hologram, which is subdivided into subholograms, in the spatial light modulation device. The object points of the scene are encoded into encoding regions on the spatial light modulation device. A size and/or shape of the encoding region is selected in relation to a size and/or shape of a subhologram, assigned to the encoding region, in such a way that crosstalk of higher diffraction orders in a virtual visibility region is reduced.
An illumination device for illuminating a spatial light modulator device. Sub-holograms are used for encoding a hologram into the spatial light modulator device. The Illumination device includes at least one light source for emitting light for illuminating the spatial light modulator device and a beam shaping unit. The beam shaping unit provides a flat-top plateau-type distribution of an absolute value of a complex degree of mutual coherence of the light in a plane of the spatial light modulator device to be illuminated. The flat-top plateau-type distribution of the absolute value of the complex degree of mutual coherence has a shape that is at least similar to a shape of the largest sub-hologram used for encoding of object points into the spatial light modulator device.
G03H 1/00 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/04 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G02B 26/06 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
The invention refers to an apparatus for generating two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional objects. The apparatus comprises at least one spatial light modulator device for modulating incident light and an optical system. The optical system is designed and arranged such that a segmentation of wave fields is provided in a plane, where the plane in which the segmentation of the wave fields is provided differs with a plane that comprises object points. Adjacent segmented wave fields do have a mutual overlap. The apparatus also comprises a scanning device which couples light waves into a beam expanding waveguide with outcoupling gratings.
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
G09G 3/20 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix
F21V 8/00 - Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
The invention relates to a display device for depicting two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional objects or scenes. The display device has at least one spatial light modulation device having pixels for modulating light, at least one optical system and at least one light conductor device. The optical system is designed such that light beams originating from the individual pixels of the spatial light modulation device are incident on and can be coupled into the at least one light conductor device at angles that are, on average, different relative to the surface of the at least one light conductor device, by means of which an in-coupling angle spectrum can be defined. The light beams propagating in the at least one light conductor device can be coupled out of the at least one light conductor device at angles that are, on average, different relative to an observer region. The out-coupling angle spectrum is enlarged in comparison to the in-coupling angle spectrum.
The invention relates to methods for computing holograms for holographic reconstruction of two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scenes in a display apparatus, wherein a scene for reconstruction is broken down into object points and the object points are encoded as sub-holograms into at least one spatial light modulation device of the display apparatus. A reconstructed scene is viewed from a region of visibility. At least one virtual plane of the at least one spatial light modulation device is stipulated on the basis of a real plane of the spatial light modulation device. A computation of sub-holograms is performed in the at least one virtual plane of the at least one spatial light modulation device.
The invention relates to a display device, in particular a ‘near to eye’ display device. The display device has at least one illumination system, at least one spatial light modulation system, at least one imaging element, at least one light guide and at least two partially reflective coupling-out elements. The at least one illumination system is used to emit sufficiently coherent light. The at least one imaging element is designed to image light exiting the at least one light modulation system. The at least two partially reflective coupling-out elements provided in the at least one light guide are used to couple the light out of the light guide.
A light modulation device for a display device, in particular a holographic display device, for the representation of two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional reconstructed scenes. The light modulation device includes at least one spatial light modulator including modulation elements for modulating incident light and an optical element of known optical characteristics. The light incident on the at least one spatial light modulator is sufficiently coherent. The at least one spatial light modulator and the optical element are combined with one another in such a way that the optical element scatters the unmodulated light emanating from the spatial light modulator into an angular range.
G03H 1/12 - Spatial modulation, e.g. ghost imaging
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
H04N 9/31 - Projection devices for colour picture display
The invention relates to a light guide device for guiding light. The light guide device has an optical fibre, a light in-coupling device and a light out-coupling device. The light inside the light guide is propagated via a reflection by boundary surfaces of the light guide. The light is out-coupled from the light guide by means of the light out-coupling device after a previously defined number of reflections of the light by boundary surfaces of the light guide. Also provided is a display device, more particularly a near-to-eye display device, which has an illumination apparatus comprising at least one light source, at least one three-dimensional light modulation apparatus, an optical system and a light guide device.
Disclosed is a holographic display including a spatial light modulator (SLM) with pixels, the SLM pixels being on a substrate, the SLM including circuitry which is on the same substrate as the SLM pixels, the circuitry operable to perform calculations which provide an encoding of the SLM.
G03H 1/04 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G09G 3/20 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G03H 1/00 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto
G03H 1/32 - Systems for obtaining speckle elimination
57.
DEVICE FOR COMBINING LIGHT BEAMS WHICH INTERACT WITH ADJACENTLY ARRANGED PIXELS OF A LIGHT MODULATOR
The present invention relates to a device for combining light beams which interact with adjacently arranged pixels of a light modulator. The present invention moreover relates to a device for beam combination and a spatial light modulation device for complex-valued modulation. The device relates to a device for combining beams and an optical arrangement of polarization-sensitive components which facilitate a complex-valued modulation of a light field by means of a phase-modulating light modulator and a beam combiner, which is insensitive in relation to changes in the direction of incidence of the illumination wave. Furthermore, this document also relates to different arrangements of light modulators operating in reflective fashion.
The invention relates to a holographic display device for the representation of a two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scene. The holographic display device has at least one spatial light modulation device (4) and an optical component (8). The at least one spatial light modulation device (4) is provided for the reconstruction of the scene and for producing at least one virtual visibility region (5) in an observer plane (6). The optical component (8) comprises at least two areas (8-1, 8-2) which have a different transparency in relation to each other, wherein the value of the transparency is in each case between 0 and 1. In addition, the optical component (8) is arranged in the display device in such a manner that it provides a filtering of a constant component spot, which is to be carried out at least partially, in at least one order of diffraction within the virtual visibility region.
The invention relates to a display device, particularly a head-mounted display or a head-up display, for depicting a two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scene. The display device comprises a spatial light modulation device with pixels, and a beam offset device. The spatial light modulation device can be illuminated with light. The beam offset device is designed and can be controlled such that the light modulated by the pixels of said spatial light modulation device can be laterally offset by less than one pixel extension.
For comfortable viewing of a 3-D scene at various viewing angles, a display having a large tracking range for a variable viewer distance is required. A controllable light-influencing element deflects light in coarse steps in a viewer range. Within said steps, the light is deflected by a further controllable light-influencing element continuously or with fine gradation. The light modulation device is suitable in holographic or autostereoscopic displays for guiding the visibility ranges of the image information to be displayed so as to follow the eyes of the viewers.
G02B 27/22 - Other optical systems; Other optical apparatus for producing stereoscopic or other three-dimensional effects
H04N 13/366 - Image reproducers using viewer tracking
H04N 13/305 - Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
H04N 13/31 - Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
H04N 13/32 - Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using arrays of controllable light sourcesImage reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using moving apertures or moving light sources
H04N 13/322 - Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using varifocal lenses or mirrors
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
The invention relates to a method for producing holograms for encoding in a spatial light modulation device for a holographic display for displaying a two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scene. The two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scene is split into object points and is encoded in a hologram divided into sub-holograms in the spatial light modulation device. The object points of the scene are encoded in encoding regions on the spatial light modulation device. A size and/or a shape of the encoding region is selected in comparison with a size and/or a shape of a subhologram associated with the encoding region in such a way as to reduce crosstalk of higher orders of diffraction in a virtual visibility region.
A phase modulator for polarized light, comprising a first substrate with a first surface and a second substrate with a second surface, a liquid crystal layer between the two substrates and an electrode arrangement. The phase modulator is usable as a variable deflection grating, and liquid crystal materials which are currently conventional are usable for its production. A phase modulator has an out-of-plane angle of the liquid crystal molecules next to the two surfaces whose magnitude is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 45 degrees, and an electrode arrangement controllable such that an in-plane component of the liquid crystal molecule orientation is adjustable in an angle range of up to 180 degrees, and the rotation sense of the liquid crystal molecules next to the first surface is opposite to the rotation sense of the liquid crystal molecules next to the second surface.
G02F 1/139 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G02F 1/137 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
63.
A DISPLAY FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL AND/OR THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGES
The invention refers to an apparatus for generating two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional objects. The apparatus comprises at least one spatial light modulator device (SLM) for modulating incident light and an optical system. The optical system is designed and arranged such that a segmentation of wave fields (IS1, IS2) is provided in a plane, where the plane in which the segmentation of the wave fields is provided differs with a plane that comprises object points. Adjacent segmented wave fields do have a mutual overlap. The apparatus also comprises a scanning devivce (SM) which couples light waves into a beam expanding waveguide with outcoupling gratings (VG1, VG2).
The invention refers to an Illumination device for illuminating a spatial light modulator device. Sub-holograms are used for encoding a hologram into the spatial light modulator device. The Illumination device comprises at least one light source for emitting light for illuminating the spatial light modulator device and a beam shaping unit. The beam shaping unit provides a flat- top plateau-type distribution of an absolute value of a complex degree of mutual coherence of the light in a plane of the spatial light modulator device to be illuminated. The flat-top plateau- type distribution of the absolute value of the complex degree of mutual coherence has a shape that is at least similar to a shape of the largest sub-hologram used for encoding of object points into the spatial light modulator device.
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
65.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ENCODING COMPLEX-VALUE SIGNALS FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECTS
The invention relates to a method for encoding complex-value signals of a computer-generated hologram (CGH) in a phase-modulated optical element (3) for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional object (4) and also to a computer program product for encoding complex-value signals of a computer-generated hologram (CGH). The invention further relates to a holographic display (10) for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional object (4). The object of the invention is to reduce the encoding complexity of a complex-value spatial distribution by means of an iteration method on the basis of a phase-encoding, in order to display the resultant computer-generated hologram more rapidly, but with the same or improved reconstruction quality. In particular, the convergence during the iterative optimization should be accelerated. This is achieved by a method in which degrees of freedom of the hologram plane (7) in addition to the reconstruction plane (6) are used in order to optimize the iteration method to obtain a more rapid convergence and a maximization of the diffraction efficiency in the signal range (SW). This is also achieved by a corresponding computer program product and a corresponding holographic display (10).
The invention relates to a display device for holographic reconstruction of two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional objects (1). The objects (1) include a plurality of object points (1a-d). The display device comprises an illumination unit, a spatial light modulator device and a separator. The illumination device emits sufficiently coherent light. Sub-holograms (3a-d) of object points to be displayed (1a-d) are encoded in pixels of the spatial light modulator device. The separator is provided for separating adjacent point spread functions in an eye of an observer generated by the sub-holograms (3a-d) of adjacent object points (1a-d) such that the adjacent point spread functions are mutually incoherent.
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
G02B 27/22 - Other optical systems; Other optical apparatus for producing stereoscopic or other three-dimensional effects
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/30 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique discrete holograms only
G02B 27/26 - Other optical systems; Other optical apparatus for producing stereoscopic or other three-dimensional effects involving polarising means
67.
Analytic method for computing video holograms in real time
A holographic display device for computing a video hologram of a scene is disclosed. The scene comprises a multitude of object points. The holographic display device comprises at least one light modulator means. Said holographic display device is configured to perform the steps of (a) defining a visibility region within a periodicity interval of the video hologram of the scene to be reconstructed; (b) for each object point, defining a modulator region by the defined visibility region together with each object point of the scene to be reconstructed, where a sub-hologram of an object point of the scene to be reconstructed is computed for each modulator region, and where an entire video hologram is created by superposition of said sub-holograms; (c) determining complex hologram values of a sub-hologram in a modulator region from a wave front of an object point to be reconstructed by computing modulation functions of an imaging element which is modeled in the respective modulator region of said holographic display device, and in whose focal point the object point to be reconstructed lies, where the sub-hologram of said object point is computed using the modulation functions, and (d) encoding the video hologram of the scene into the screen means.
G03H 1/28 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique superimposed holograms only
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
68.
Method for encoding a hologram in a light modulation device
A hologram is constructed from individual subholograms assigned to corresponding encoding regions in a light modulation device and respectively assigned to an object point of the object to be reconstructed with the hologram. With a virtual observer window, a defined viewing region is provided through which a reconstructed scene in a reconstruction space is observed by an observer. A complex value of a wavefront for each individual object point is calculated in the virtual observer window. Each individual amplitude of a complex value of a wavefront in the virtual observer window is subsequently multiplied by a correction value with which a correction of the angle selectivity of at least one volume grating arranged downstream in the beam path of the light modulation device is carried out. The corrected complex values determined in this way for all object points are summed and transformed into the hologram plane of the light modulation device.
The invention relates to a display, in particular an autostereoscopic or holographic display, for representing preferably three-dimensional information, wherein the stereo views or the reconstructions of the holographically encoded objects can be tracked to the movements of the associated eyes of one or more observers in a finely stepped manner within a plurality of zones of the movement region. In this case, the zones are selected by the activation of switchable polarization gratings.
G09G 5/00 - Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
H04N 13/315 - Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers the parallax barriers being time-variant
H04N 13/32 - Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using arrays of controllable light sourcesImage reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using moving apertures or moving light sources
H04N 13/366 - Image reproducers using viewer tracking
H04N 13/368 - Image reproducers using viewer tracking for two or more viewers
H04N 13/383 - Image reproducers using viewer tracking for tracking with gaze detection, i.e. detecting the lines of sight of the viewer's eyes
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G02B 27/26 - Other optical systems; Other optical apparatus for producing stereoscopic or other three-dimensional effects involving polarising means
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G02F 1/13363 - Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
70.
Method and device for encoding three-dimensional scenes which include transparent objects in a holographic system
Method for computing the code for the reconstruction of three-dimensional scenes which include objects which partly absorb light or sound. The method can be implemented in a computing unit. In order to reconstruct a three-dimensional scene as realistic as possible, the diffraction patterns are computed separately at their point of origin considering the instances of absorption in the scene. The method can be used for the representation of three-dimensional scenes in a holographic display or volumetric display. Further, it can be carried out to achieve a reconstruction of sound fields in an array of sound sources.
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 3/00 - Holographic processes or apparatus using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves for obtaining hologramsProcesses or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from them
The invention relates to a display device for holographic reconstruction. The display device comprises a spatial light modulator device having combined phase modulating pixels and amplitude modulating pixels, an illumination unit generating sufficiently coherent light and arranged to illuminate of the spatial light modulator device and a reflection plane. The device being arranged such that light enters the spatial light modulator device and passes both the phase modulating pixel and the amplitude modulating pixel of the spatial light modulator device. The light is reflected by the reflection plane in between.
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G02B 26/06 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
The invention relates to a display device, in particular a head-mounted display or hocular, having a spatial light modulator and a controllable light-deflecting device for generating a multiple image of the spatial light modulator, which consists of segments, the multiple image being produced at least with a predefinable number of segments which determines the size of a visible area within which a 3D-scene holographically encoded in the spatial light modulator can be reconstructed for observation by an eye of an observer.
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
G02B 30/27 - Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer’s left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
F21V 8/00 - Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
G02B 26/12 - Scanning systems using multifaceted mirrors
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
G02B 27/58 - Optics for apodization or superresolutionOptical synthetic aperture systems
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/04 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
73.
Beam divergence and various collimators for holographic or stereoscopic displays
A holographic display with an illumination device, an enlarging unit and a light modulator. The illumination device includes at least one light source and a light collimation unit, the light collimation unit collimates the light of the at least one light source and generates a light wave field of the light that is emitted by the light source with a specifiable angular spectrum of plane waves, the enlarging unit is disposed downstream of the light collimation unit, seen in the direction of light propagation, where the enlarging unit includes a transmissive volume hologram realizing an anamorphic broadening of the light wave field due to a transmissive interaction of the light wave field with the volume hologram, and the light modulator is disposed upstream or downstream of the anamorphic enlarging unit, seen in the direction of light propagation.
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/30 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique discrete holograms only
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
G02F 1/1334 - Constructional arrangements based on polymer-dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
Disclosed is a holographic display including a spatial light modulator (SLM) with pixels, the SLM pixels being on a substrate, the SLM including circuitry which is on the same substrate as the SLM pixels, the circuitry operable to perform calculations which provide an encoding of the SLM.
G03H 1/00 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G03H 1/04 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
G09G 3/20 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix
G03H 1/32 - Systems for obtaining speckle elimination
75.
METHOD FOR COMPUTING HOLOGRAMS FOR HOLOGRAPHIC RECONSTRUCTION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL AND/OR THREE-DIMENSIONAL SCENES
The invention relates to methods for computing holograms for holographic reconstruction of two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional scenes in a display apparatus, wherein a scene (4) for reconstruction is broken down into object points (P, P1 – Pn) and the object points (P, P1 – Pn) are encoded as sub-holograms (S1 - Sn) into at least one spatial light modulation device (1, 10, 100) of the display apparatus. A reconstructed scene is viewed from a region of visibility (3). At least one virtual plane (100', 100'') of the at least one spatial light modulation device (1, 10, 100) is stipulated on the basis of a real plane (100) of the spatial light modulation device (1, 10, 100). A computation of sub-holograms (S1 - Sn) is performed in the at least one virtual plane of the at least one spatial light modulation device.
The invention relates to a light modulation device (60) for a display device (10), in particular a holographic display device, for the representation of two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional reconstructed scenes. The light modulation device (60) has at least one spatial light modulator (70), having modulation elements, for the modulation of incident light and an optical element (80) with known optical characteristics. The light falling on the at least one spatial light modulator (70) is thereby sufficiently coherent. The at least one spatial light modulator (70) and the optical element (80) are combined with one another in such a way that the optical element (80) scatters the unmodulated light emitted from the spatial light modulator (70) into an angle range.
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
77.
Combined light modulation device for tracking users
For comfortable viewing of a 3-D scene at various viewing angles, a display having a large tracking range for a variable viewer distance is required. A controllable light-influencing element deflects light in coarse steps in a viewer range. Within said steps, the light is deflected by a further controllable light-influencing element continuously or with fine gradation. The light modulation device is suitable in holographic or autostereoscopic displays for guiding the visibility ranges of the image information to be displayed so as to follow the eyes of the viewers.
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
78.
Device and method for calculating holographic data
An apparatus and a method for optimized calculation of 2D sub-holograms for object points of a three-dimensional scene and a pipeline for real-time calculation of holograms are provided. The invention shortens the calculation time of a hologram for representing a three-dimensional scene and/or to reduce the calculation complexity of such a hologram. This is achieved by a 2D sub-hologram of an object point, which has image elements of the spatial light modulator, comprises a half 1D sub-hologram, where the radius of each image element is determined and each image element of the 2D sub-hologram is fixedly assigned to at least one image element of the half 1D sub-hologram with identical or similar radius by way of an electronic circuit, by a method for encoding a hologram, and by a pipeline on the basis of FPGA and/or ASIC.
A holographic projection apparatus and a method for magnifying a virtual visibility region, for observing a reconstructed scene with at least one light modulation device and with at least one light source having sufficiently coherent light for generating a wavefront of a scene that is coded in the light modulation device. By means of imaging the wavefront into a viewer plane, it is possible to generate the virtual visibility region for observing the reconstructed scene. The virtual visibility region has at least two virtual viewer windows. In this case, the virtual viewer windows are dimensioned such that the reconstructed scene can always be observed without tracking of the viewer windows upon movement of a viewer in the viewer plane.
A projection device is provided for displaying at least one of a two-dimensional and three-dimensional scene or of content. The projection device comprises an illumination device, at least two spatial light modulator devices and an optical system. The illumination device comprises at least one light source for generating a holographic illumination. One of said spatial light modulator devices is designed as spatial light modulator device modulating at least the phase of the light for the holographical generation of illumination patterns. This spatial light modulator device as first spatial light modulator device is followed by a second spatial light modulator device. The optical system is disposed to illuminate the second spatial light modulator device with a predefinable light distribution generated by the first spatial light modulator device.
G03H 1/00 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
A phase modulator for polarized light, comprising a first substrate with a first surface and a second substrate with a second surface, a liquid crystal layer between the two substrates and an electrode arrangement. The phase modulator is usable as a variable deflection grating, and liquid crystal materials which are currently conventional are usable for its production. A phase modulator has an out-of-plane angle of the liquid crystal molecules next to the two surfaces whose magnitude is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 45 degrees, and an electrode arrangement controllable such that an in-plane component of the liquid crystal molecule orientation is adjustable in an angle range of up to 180 degrees, and the rotation sense of the liquid crystal molecules next to the first surface is opposite to the rotation sense of the liquid crystal molecules next to the second surface.
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
G02F 1/139 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G02F 1/137 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
82.
Analytic method for computing video holograms in real time
An analytical method for computing a video hologram for a holographic reproduction device having at least one light modulation means is disclosed, wherein a scene split into object points is encoded as a whole hologram and can be seen as a reconstruction from a visibility region, located within a periodicity interval of the reconstruction. The visibility region, together with each object point of the scene to be reconstructed, defines a sub-hologram and the whole hologram is generated from a superposition of sub-holograms, wherein the complex hologram values of a sub-hologram are determined from the wave front of the respective object point to be reconstructed in a modulator region of the light modulation means, by calculating and evaluating the transmission or modulation functions of an imaging element formed in the modulator region. The object point to be reconstructed is located in the focal point of the imaging element.
A controllable device for phase modulation of coherent light comprises a modulator matrix having a plurality of liquid crystal modulator cells each being adapted to modulate a phase value of light passing through a liquid crystal modulator cell depending on a voltage, which is applied to the liquid crystal modulator cell; at least one polarity area of said modulator matrix including at least one liquid crystal modulator cell; at least one storage unit for storing at least one pair of voltage values of which one has a positive and the other has a negative polarity for the liquid crystal modulator cells, whereby the pair of voltage values corresponds to a predetermined phase value; and a control unit for selectively applying one pair of voltage values to one liquid crystal modulator cell.
G09G 3/36 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
G09G 3/00 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
An illumination device for illuminating at least one spatial light modulator device. At least one light source device with at least one light source illuminates the at least one spatial light modulator device; a light guiding element through which light emanating from the light source propagates; and at least one light decoupling element arranged on top or inside of the light guiding element. The at least one light decoupling element decouples of a wave field of the light which propagating in the light guiding element into the direction of the spatial light modulator device. The light guiding element has a refractive index which is lower than or at least equal to the refractive index of the at least one light decoupling element. The entrance angle of the wave field entering the light decoupling element is determined by the difference between the refractive indices according to a particular equation.
A polarization grating for diffractive light deflection, having at least one liquid crystal layer on a substrate, wherein the liquid crystal molecules having a periodic change in orientation. The invention further relates to a light deflection device and a method for deflecting light. A polarization grating for an oblique incidence angle of the light is specified, in particular having high diffraction efficiency for the +1st order for a specifiable or variable incidence angle in a wide range of incidence angles. A polarization grating has at least one additional orientation change of the liquid crystal molecules such a way such that light of a specified polarization has a controllable angle of incidence and experiences a specifiable phase retardation upon passing through the liquid crystal layer.
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
The invention relates to a display device for holographic reconstruction. The display device comprises a spatial light modulator device (SLM) having combined phase modulating pixels (p) and amplitude modulating pixels (a), an illumination unit (FLU, BLU) generating sufficiently coherent light and arranged to illuminate of the spatial light modulator device (SLM) and a reflection plane (RP). The device being arranged such that light enters the spatial light modulator device (SLM) and passes both the phase modulating pixel (p) and the amplitude modulating pixel (a) of the spatial light modulator device (SLM). The light is reflected by the reflection plane (RP) in between.
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G02B 26/06 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
87.
Method for encoding a hologram in a light modulation device
A hologram is constructed from individual subholograms assigned to corresponding encoding regions in a light modulation device and respectively assigned to an object point of the object to be reconstructed with the hologram. With a virtual observer window, a defined viewing region is provided through which a reconstructed scene in a reconstruction space is observed by an observer. A complex value of a wavefront for each individual object point is calculated in the virtual observer window. Each individual amplitude of a complex value of a wavefront in the virtual observer window is subsequently multiplied by a correction value with which a correction of the angle selectivity of at least one volume grating arranged downstream in the beam path of the light modulation device is carried out. The corrected complex values determined in this way for all object points are summed and transformed into the hologram plane of the light modulation device.
A phase modulator for the modulation of the phase of circular polarised light which interacts with the phase modulator. The phase modulator has a first and a second substrate, an electrode arrangement and a liquid crystal layer with liquid crystal molecules. The first substrate is disposed adjacent to the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the two substrates. The first substrate has a first surface, and the second substrate has a second surface. The liquid crystal molecules situated next to the first surface are oriented substantially parallel to the first surface. The liquid crystal molecules situated next to the second surface are oriented substantially perpendicular to the second surface. An in-plane component of the liquid crystal molecule orientation can be set within an angular range of about 180°, e.g. between −90° and +90° related to a specifiable central orientation.
G02F 1/139 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G02B 27/22 - Other optical systems; Other optical apparatus for producing stereoscopic or other three-dimensional effects
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
The invention relates to a display, in particular an autostereoscopic or holographic display, for representing preferably three-dimensional information, wherein the stereo views or the reconstructions of the holographically encoded objects can be tracked to the movements of the associated eyes of one or more observers in a finely stepped manner within a plurality of zones of the movement region. In this case, the zones are selected by the activation of switchable polarization gratings.
G09G 5/00 - Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G02B 27/26 - Other optical systems; Other optical apparatus for producing stereoscopic or other three-dimensional effects involving polarising means
G02F 1/13363 - Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
90.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CALCULATING HOLOGRAPHIC DATA
The invention relates to a device and a method for calculating and coding holographic data of a three-dimensional scene, into a spatial light modulator (SLM) for depicting three-dimensional scenes using a holographic display. In particular, the invention also relates to a device and a method for optimising the calculation of 2D sub-holograms (2D-SH) for object points of a three-dimensional scene, and a pipeline for the real-time calculation of holograms. The aim of the invention is to shorten the hologram calculation time for depicting a three-dimensional scene, and/or to reduce the calculation complexity of such a hologram compared to the method known from the prior art. This is achieved using a device and a method in which a 2D sub-hologram (2D-SH) of an object point comprising image elements (BE) of the spatial light modulator (SLM) contains half a 1D sub-hologram (1D-SH), the radius of each image element (BE) being determined and each image element (BE) of said 2D sub-hologram (2D-SH) being permanently allocated to at least one image element (BE) of the half 1D sub-hologram (1D-SH) that has the same or a similar radius, by means of an electronic circuit, as well as using a method for coding a hologram, and using an FPGA and/or ASIC-based pipeline.
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G06T 1/20 - Processor architecturesProcessor configuration, e.g. pipelining
G06T 15/00 - 3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
G09G 3/20 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix
91.
Measurement method and device for performing the measurement method
The present invention relates to a measurement method in which, by predetermined illumination by means of a display device, in particular a holographic or autostereoscopic display device, with an intensity distribution of the illumination light in a plane of a light source image, a first location of an object, in particular an observer of the display device, is marked, and wherein the relative position of the first location in relation to a second location of the object is determined in a coordinate system of a camera.
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
G02B 30/26 - Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer’s left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
G01S 5/16 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
H04N 13/366 - Image reproducers using viewer tracking
The invention relates to a phase modulator for polarized light, comprising a first substrate (2) having a first surface (5), a second substrate (3) having a second surface (6), a liquid-crystal layer (9) between the two substrates (2, 3), and an electrode assembly (4). The invention further relates to a method for producing such a phase modulator. Such a phase modulator should avoid the disadvantages of prior phase modulators and be usable as a variable deflection grating, and liquid crystals common today should be usable as materials for the production of such a phase modulator. This is achieved by means of a phase modulator having an out-of-plane angle of the liquid-crystal molecules adjacent to the two surfaces whose magnitude is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 45 degrees and by means of an electrode assembly (4) that can be controlled in such a way that an in-plane component of the liquid-crystal molecule orientation can be set in an angular range of up to 180 degrees and that the direction of rotation of the liquid-crystal molecules (10) that are adjacent to the first surface (5) is opposite to the direction of rotation of the liquid-crystal molecules that are adjacent to the second surface (6).
G02F 1/139 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
93.
Method and device for the layered production of thin volume grid stacks, and beam combiner for a holographic display
The layered generation of at least one volume grating in a recording medium by way of exposure, the recording medium having at least one photosensitive layer which is sensitized for a presettable wavelength of the exposure light. Each volume grating is generated in the recording medium by at least two wave fronts of coherent light capable of generating interference, the wave fronts being superposed in the recording medium at a presettable depth, at a presettable angle and with a presettable interference contrast. The depth and the thickness of the refractive index modulation and/or transparency modulation of a volume grating in the recording medium is controlled by depth-specific control of the spatial and/or temporal degree of coherence of the interfering wave fronts in the direction of light propagation.
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G03H 1/10 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms using modulated reference beam
G03H 1/12 - Spatial modulation, e.g. ghost imaging
G02F 1/1334 - Constructional arrangements based on polymer-dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
G03H 1/00 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto
G03H 1/06 - Processes or apparatus for producing holograms using incoherent light
G03H 1/20 - Copying holograms by holographic means
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/28 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique superimposed holograms only
The invention relates to an illumination device for illuminating at least one spatial light modulator device (SLM). The illumination device comprises at least one light source device with at least one light source (LS) for illuminating the at least one spatial light modulator device (SLM); a light guiding element (LG) through which light emanating from the light source (LS) propagates; and at least one light decoupling element (VG) arranged on top or inside of the light guiding element (LG). The at least one light decoupling element (VG) is provided for decoupling of a wave field of the light which propagating in the light guiding element (LG) into the direction of the spatial light modulator device (SLM). The light guiding element (LG) has a refractive index which is significant lower than or at least equal to the refractive index of the at least one light decoupling element (VG). The entrance angle of the wave field entering the light decoupling element is determined by the difference between the refractive indices in such a way that an angular spectrum of plane waves decoupled from the light decoupling element (VG) has a predefined value which depends on the required use of the illumination device.
The present invention relates to a controllable device for phase modulation of coherent light with a spatial light modulator device for generating a light distribution. Thereby,the controllable device comprises a modulator matrix (10) having a plurality of liquid crystal modulator cells each being adapted to modulate a phase value of light passing through said liquid crystal modulator cell depending on a voltage, which is applied to said liquid crystal modulator cell;at least one polarity area of said modulator matrix (10) including at least one liquid crystal modulator cell;at least one storage unit for storing at least one pair of voltage values of which one has a positive and the other has a negative polarity for said liquid crystal modulator cells, whereby said pair of voltage values corresponds to a predetermined phase value; and a control unit for selectively applying one pair of voltage values to one liquid crystal modulator cell, whereby said control unit is adapted to apply alternately said voltage values of positive or negative polarity according to an inversion scheme such that voltages applied to one polarity area have the same polarity.
G09G 3/00 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
G09G 3/36 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
96.
CONTROLLABLE DIFFRACTION DEVICE FOR A LIGHT MODULATOR DEVICE
The present invention relates to a controllable diffraction device (20) for a light modulator device (10). The controllable diffraction device (20) comprises at least two substrates (28, 30), at least one electrode (26, 32) on each of said substrates (28, 30) facing each other, and liquid crystals (70) forming at least one liquid crystal layer (34) arranged between said electrodes (26, 32) on said substrates (28, 30). The orientation of the liquid crystals (70) is controllable by a voltage supplied to the electrodes (26, 32). The liquid crystal layer (34) is provided on at least one alignment layer (36, 38) arranged on at least one electrode (26, 32) on said substrates (28, 30). The liquid crystals (70) close to the alignment layer (36, 38) are pre-oriented by at least one pre-tilt angle relative to the alignment layer (36, 38) such that the resulting light diffraction in opposite spatial directions is approximately equal.
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
G02F 1/1347 - Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
G02F 1/139 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
97.
ACTIVE LIQUID CRYSTAL DIFFRACTION ELEMENT AND PHASE-MODULATING HOLOGRAPHIC DISPLAY
An active liquid crystal diffraction element includes: a first transparent substrate (3); a second transparent substrate (4); a liquid crystal layer (2); a first electrode (5); a second electrode (6); a control member (7); and an alignment member (8), wherein the second electrode (6) includes a plurality of small electrodes (9); the control member (7) controls a magnitude of an electric voltage applied to each of the plurality of small electrodes (9); the alignment member (8) confers a liquid crystal molecular alignment without any pre-tilt to the liquid crystal layer (2); and the liquid crystal molecular alignment is parallel to the surface of the first transparent substrate (3).
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G02F 1/1337 - Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
G02F 1/139 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
98.
POLARIZATION GRATINGS FOR OBLIQUE INCIDENCE ANGLES
The invention relates to a polarization grating for diffractive light deflection, comprising at least one liquid crystal layer on a substrate, wherein the liquid crystal molecules have a periodic change in the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. The invention further relates to a light deflection device and a method for deflecting light. The aim of the invention is to specify a polarization grating for an oblique incidence angle of the light, in particular having high diffraction efficiency for the +1st order for a specifiable or variable incidence angle in a wide range of incidence angles. Said aim is achieved by a polarization grating in which at least one additional orientation change of the liquid crystal molecules is or can be set in such a way that light of a specified polarization having a specifiable or controllable angle of incidence experiences a specifiable phase retardation upon passing through the liquid crystal layer, and by means of a light deflection device having such a polarization grating and a method for deflecting light by means of such a polarization grating.
G02F 1/295 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection in an optical waveguide structure
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
99.
Combined light modulation device for tracking users
For comfortable viewing of a 3-D scene at various viewing angles, a display having a large tracking range for a variable viewer distance is required. A controllable light-influencing element deflects light in coarse steps in a viewer range. Within said steps, the light is deflected by a further controllable light-influencing element continuously or with fine gradation. The light modulation device is suitable in holographic or autostereoscopic displays for guiding the visibility ranges of the image information to be displayed so as to follow the eyes of the viewers.
G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
G03H 1/02 - Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared, or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from themDetails peculiar thereto Details
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
A display comprising an observer window, which in 3D and/or 2D representation mode of a 3D scene can be adapted to changing eye positions. Several observers can use the display simultaneously. The display includes a light modulation device having an actuatable diffraction unit and a controllable spatial light modulator, in which a 3D scene is coded in an actuatable manner, and a control unit. An observer window can be generated using coherent light beams on alternating eye positions. The diffraction unit includes at least electrodes and a controllable material into which a prism and/or lens function and/or scatter function can be written as a diffraction grating with a phase progression in an at least one-dimensionally controllable manner.
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
