Disclosed are an iron-aluminum alloy and its preparation method. The iron-aluminum alloy comprises, by weight, 50% to 80% of iron and the balance of aluminum. The method comprises: adding metal aluminum or molten aluminum to a container, wherein the temperature of the molten aluminum is between 700° C. and 800° C.; adding a metal iron raw material to the molten aluminum, closing a furnace cover, measuring the pressure, and introducing argon to ensure that the interior of a magnetic induction furnace is in a positive-pressure state, and stirring the mixture with a graphite stirring head; powering on and heating so that the metal aluminum or the molten aluminum is heated to 1000° C. or above and molten, and holding the temperature between 1000° C. and 1500° C.; and after alloying is completed, cooling to about 1000 t, opening the furnace cover, and taking the iron-aluminum alloy out.
Disclosed are a silicon-aluminum alloy and its preparation method. The method comprises: adding aluminum metal or molten aluminum into a container, wherein the temperature of the molten aluminum is between 700° C. and 800° C.; adding a semi-metallic silicon raw material to the molten aluminum, closing a furnace cover, carrying out vacuumization, and introducing argon, to ensure that the interior of a magnetic induction furnace is in a positive-pressure state, and stirring the aluminum metal or molten aluminum with a graphite stirring head; powering on and heating so that the aluminum metal or molten aluminum is heated to 1000° C. or above and molten, and holding the temperature between 1000° C. and 1500° C.; and after alloying is completed, cooling the molten aluminum to 1000° C. or below, opening the furnace cover, pouring the silicon-aluminum alloy into a corresponding mold, and cooling for molding.
Disclosed are a manganese-aluminum alloy and its preparation method. The manganese-aluminum alloy comprises, by weight, 5% to 90% of manganese and the balance of aluminum. The method comprises: adding metal aluminum or molten aluminum to a container, the temperature of the molten aluminum being between 700° C. and 800° C.; adding a metal manganese raw material to the molten aluminum, closing a furnace cover, measuring the pressure, and introducing argon to ensure that the interior of a magnetic induction furnace is in a positive-pressure state, and stirring the mixture with a graphite stirring head; powering on and heating the metal aluminum or the molten aluminum to 1000° C. or above, melting, and holding the temperature between 1000° C. and 1500° C.; and after alloying is completed, cooling to 850° C. or below, opening the furnace cover, and taking a manganese-aluminum alloy out.
Disclosed are an iron-aluminum alloy and a preparation method therefor. In the iron-aluminum alloy, iron accounts for 50-80% in percentage by weight, and the balance is aluminum. The method comprises: adding metallic aluminum or molten aluminum into a container, wherein the temperature of the molten aluminum is 700-800°C; adding a metal iron raw material into the molten aluminum, closing a furnace cover, measuring the pressure, and injecting argon so as to cause the interior of a magnetic induction electric furnace to be in a positive pressure state, and performing stirring with a graphite stirring head; powering on the furnace and performing heating to raise the temperature, so that the temperature of the metallic aluminum or molten aluminum is increased to 1000°C or above until same is molten, and maintaining the temperature between 1000°C and 1500°C; and after alloying is completed, performing cooling to approximately 1000°C, opening the furnace cover and taking out the iron-aluminum alloy. Compared with existing products, the iron and aluminum in the iron-aluminum alloy prepared by the present invention are fully alloyed, improving the absorption rate of an iron additive as an alloying element in the molten aluminum during an aluminum processing and smelting process, improving the physical properties of the processed aluminum, and reducing environmental pollution in the production process.
Disclosed are a silicon-aluminum alloy and a preparation method therefor. In the silicon-aluminum alloy, the weight percentage of silicon is 55-90%, with the balance being aluminum. The method comprises: adding aluminum metal or aluminum liquid to a vessel, wherein the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 700-800°C; adding a semi-metal silicon raw material to the molten aluminum liquid, covering same with a furnace lid, evacuating same to a vacuum, introducing argon, such that the inside of a magnetic induction electric furnace is in a positive pressure state, and stirring same with a graphite stirring head; energizing and heating same, such that the aluminum metal or aluminum liquid is heated to 1000°C or more and becomes molten, and maintaining the temperature between 1000°C and 1500°C; and after alloying is completed, cooling same to 1000°C or less, opening the furnace lid, pouring a silicon-aluminum alloy into a corresponding mold, and then cooling and molding same. Compared with the prior art, most silicon in the silicon-aluminum alloy prepared by the method is sufficiently and completely alloyed with aluminum, thereby achieving sufficient alloying of silicon and aluminum in the silicon-aluminum alloy in advance and overcoming the phenomenon of generating a hypoeutectic silicon phase that may be produced during the production of the silicon-aluminum alloy.
C22C 29/18 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on silicides
Disclosed by the present invention are a manganese aluminum alloy and a preparation method therefor, manganese accounts for 55-90% of the manganese aluminum alloy in percentage by weight and the remainder is aluminum. The method comprises: adding metal aluminum or aluminum liquid to a container, the temperature of the aluminum liquid being 700-800°C; adding a metal manganese raw material to molten aluminum liquid, adding a furnace cover, measuring the pressure, and introducing argon such that the interior of a magnetic induction electric furnace is in a positive-pressure state, and stirring the mixture by using a graphite stirring head; energizing and heating, such that the metal aluminum or the aluminum liquid is heated to over 1000°C, fusing, and maintaining the temperature between 1000°C and 1500°C; and after alloying is completed, cooling same to below 850°C, opening the furnace cover, and removing a manganese aluminum alloy. In comparison to existing products, the manganese and aluminum in the manganese aluminum alloy obtained by the present invention are fully alloyed, thus increasing the absorptivity and absorption rate of manganese as an alloy additive element in molten aluminum liquid when a manganese element additive is used in an aluminum machining and smelting process, and reducing the environment pollution of the preparation process.
The disclosure provides a method for preparing an electrolyte and an electrolyte replenishment system during an electrolytic process. The method includes the following steps: Step A: placing aluminum in a reactor, vacuumizing the reactor and feeding an inert gas, heating the reactor to 700-850 degrees centigrade, and adding one or more of potassium fluozirconate, potassium fluoborate, sodium hexafluorozirconate and sodium fluoroborate; and Step B: stirring the reactants for 4-6 hours and extracting the upper molten liquid to obtain an electrolyte replenishment system during an aluminum electrolysis process. The disclosure has the following beneficial effects: when used in the aluminum electrolysis industry, the electrolyte system provided herein can be directly used as an aluminum electrolyte or a replenishment system in an electrolyte without changing existing electrolysis technology to significantly reduce an electrolysis temperature during an aluminum electrolysis process.
3 or mixture thereof, where m=1˜1.5 and n=1˜1.5. When the electrolyte supplement system provided by the disclosure is applied to the aluminum electrolytic industry, electrolytic temperature can be reduced obviously in the aluminum electrolysis process without changing the existing electrolytic process; thus, power consumption is reduced, volatilization loss of fluoride is reduced and the comprehensive cost of production is reduced.
C01F 7/54 - Double compounds containing both aluminium and alkali metals or alkaline earth metals
C01F 1/00 - Methods of preparing compounds of the metals beryllium, magnesium, aluminium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, thorium, or the rare earths, in general
10.
Preparation process of transition metal boride and uses thereof
The invention provides a preparation process of transition metal boride, comprising the following steps: A) aluminum is put in a reactor, inert gas is fed into the reactor after evacuation, the reactor is heated up to 700 to 800° C. and then added with dry potassium fluoborate or sodium fluoborate, monomer boron and cryolite are generated by rapid stirring and reaction for 4 to 6 hours, and the molten liquid at the upper layer is sucked out and the monomer boron is obtained by means of separation; and B) the obtained monomer boron is added with transition metal for reaction at the temperature from 1800 to 2200° C. in order to generate corresponding transition metal boride.
3, and m is from 1 to 1.5) provided by the invention is used for aluminum electrolysis industry, and can improve the dissolvability of aluminum oxide, thus reducing the temperature of electrolysis and the consumption of power, raising the efficiency of electrolysis and lowering the comprehensive production cost.
An alloy for magnesium and magnesium alloy grain refinement, and a preparation method thereof, the alloy as a grain refiner being an aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy comprising the following chemical compositions by weight percent: 5-20% of Zr, 0.5-4% of B, and the balance being Al. The aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy has a relatively strong nucleation capability.
Provided in the present invention is a method for preparing an electrolyte and a supplementary system in an aluminum electrolysis process, comprising the following steps: step A: placing aluminum into a reactor, vacuuming then introducing a noble gas, heating to a temperature between 700 and 850 °C, adding one or many among potassium zirconium fluoride, potassium fluoroborate, sodium zirconium fluoride, and sodium tetrafluoroborate; and, step B: stirring for 4 to 6 hours, then extracting a molten fluid from the upper layer to acquire the electrolyte supplementary system in the aluminum electrolysis process. The advantageous effects of the present invention are that: the electrolyte system provided in the present invention is for use in the aluminum electrolysis industry, can be used directly as an aluminum electrolyte, also can be used as the supplementary system in the electrolyte, and obviates the need to change an existing electrolysis technique to significantly reduce the electrolysis temperature during aluminum electrolysis, thus reducing electricity consumption, reducing volatilization loss of a fluoride, and reducing overall production costs; also, the preparation method provided in the present invention is mild in reaction conditions, easy to control, simple in technique and process, allows for complete reaction, and provides great product quality.
Provided is a method for producing zirconium boride and for simultaneously producing cryolite, comprising the following steps: A. placing aluminum in a reactor, heating to a temperature between 700 and 850 °C, adding fluorozirconate and fluoroborate into the reactor; and, B. stirring for 4 to 6 hours, then extracting a molten fluid from the upper layer to acquire cryolite, while the lower layer is zirconium boride. The method is simple, has a short preparation cycle and high reaction efficiency, acquires zirconium boride having large specific surface areas and a great number of contact angles, and allows for controllable aluminum content; the low molecular weight ratio cryolite simultaneously produced is applicable in the aluminum electrolysis industry. Power consumption is reduced, electrolytic efficiency increased, and overall costs reduced.
A method for producing an aluminum-zirconium-boron alloy and for simultaneously producing cryolite, comprising the following steps: step A. placing aluminum into a reactor, heating to a temperature between 750 and 850 °C, adding into the reactor a mixture of fluorozirconate and fluoroborate having a molar ratio of x:y; and, step B: stirring for 4 to 6 hours, then extracting a molten fluid from the upper layer to acquire cryolite; the lower layer is the aluminum-zirconium-boron alloy, where the aluminum is added in excess. The method is mild in reaction conditions, easy to control, simple in technique and process, and allows for simultaneous production of the low-molecular ratio cryolite applicable in the aluminum electrolysis industry.
Provided is a process for preparing transition metal boride comprising the following steps of : A) putting aluminium into a reactor, vacuumizing, introducing inert gases, raising temperature to 700 ~ 800 ℃, adding dry potassium fluoroborate or sodium fluoroborate into the reactor, stirring at high speed, reacting for 4 ~ 6 h to obtain elemental boron and cryolite, drawing out the supernatant molten liquid, and separating to obtain elemental boron; B) adding transition metal into the resulting elemental boron, and reacting at 1800 ~ 2200 ℃ to obtain the corresponding transition metal boride. The process has the advantages of simpleness, high yield and good product performance, and can reduce the total production costs of transition metal boride. The prepared transition metal boride can be widely applied to preparation of carbon cathode coating materials and inert anode materials for aluminium electrolysis industry.
A method for industrially producing zirconium metal and synchronously producing low-temperature aluminum electrolyte comprises the following steps: A) putting aluminum and fluorozirconate into an enclosed reactor, vacuumizing, introducing inert gas, heating to the temperature of between 780 and 1,000DEG C, and quickly stirring; and B) reacting for 4 to 6 hours, extracting upper molten liquid to obtain the low-temperature aluminum electrolyte, and removing the residue on surface by performing acid leach or distillation on lower product to obtain the zirconium metal. The method is simple, short in reaction period and suitable for large-scale industrial production of the zirconium metal, and low-temperature aluminum electrolyte can be synchronously produced.
Provided is a cryolite with a low molecular ratio used in the aluminum electrolysis industry, consisting of potassium cryolite, and sodium cryolite in a molar ratio of 1:1-1:3; the molecular formula of the potassium cryolite is mKF·AIF3, and the molecular formula of the sodium cryolite is nNaF·AIF3, wherein m is 1-1.5, and n is 1-1.5. The cryolite with a low molecular ratio provided by the present invention is used in the aluminum electrolysis industry, and can reduce electrolysis temperature and power consumption, thus improving electrolysis efficiency.
Provided is a sodium cryolite used in the aluminum electrolysis industry, the molecular formula of the sodium cryolite is mNaF·AlF3, wherein m is 1-1.5. The sodium cryolite (mNaF·AlF3, m is 1-1.5) with a low molecular ratio provided by the present invention is used in the aluminum electrolysis industry to reduce electrolysis temperature and power consumption, thus improving electrolysis efficiency and reducing the comprehensive production cost.
A process for preparing inert anode material or inert cathode coating material for aluminum electrolysis, comprising the following steps: A) placing aluminum into a reactor, vacuumizing, aerating with an inert gas, adding the mixture of dried fluoborate and fluotitanate in the reactor, reacting to generate titanium boride and cryolite, and separating to obtain the titanium boride; and (B) fusing the obtained titanium boride and a carbon material, tamping the fused mixture onto the surface of a carbon cathode, and sintering to form the inert cathode coating material for aluminum electrolysis; alternatively, uniformly mixing the obtained titanium boride with a carbon material, forming under a high pressure, and sintering under a high temperature to form the inert anode material for aluminum electrolysis. The preparation process is characterized by simple preparation process, no harsh reaction conditions, and high reaction product yield, is used to prepare inert anode material or inert cathode coating material for aluminum electrolysis, has good corrosion resistance, excellent conductivity and thermal shock resistance, and satisfies the requirement for firmness during industrialized production.
C25C 3/08 - Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
21.
CYCLICAL PREPARATION METHOD FOR PRODUCING TITANIUM BORIDE AND POTASSIUM CRYOLITE SYNCHRONOUSLY BY USING POTASSIUM-BASED TITANIUM BORON VILLIAUMITE MIXTURE AS INTERMEDIATE RAW MATERIAL
Disclosed is a cyclical preparation method for producing titanium boride and potassium cryolite synchronously by using potassium-based titanium boron villiaumite mixture as an intermediate raw material, comprising the steps of: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to boric acid or boric anhydride, then adding potassium sulfate, and reacting to produce potassium fluoborate; adding hydrofluoric acid to titaniferous iron concentrate, then adding potassium sulfate, and reacting to produce potassium fluotitanate; B) mixing the potassium fluoborate with the potassium fluotitanate, and reacting with aluminum to produce titanium boride and potassium cryolite; C) extracting the potassium cryolite, and feeding the same together with the concentrated sulfuric acid into a rotary reaction vessel, reacting to produce hydrogen fluoride gas, potassium sulfate and potassium aluminum sulfate, collecting and dissolving the hydrogen fluoride gas in water to obtain hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution; and D) recycling the obtained hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution and potassium sulfate aqueous solution. The present invention can recycle the byproduct potassium cryolite, and simplify the preparation process flow of the titanium boride, thus reducing the preparation process condition and the overall production cost of the titanium boride, improving production efficiency and reducing environmental pollution.
METHOD FOR CYCLICALLY PREPARING TITANIUM SPONGE AND SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING POTASSIUM CRYOLITE USING POTASSIUM FLUOROTITANATE AS AN INTERMEDIATE MATERIAL
Disclosed is a method for cyclically preparing titanium sponge and simultaneously producing potassium cryolite using potassium fluorotitanate as an intermediate material, comprising the steps: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to ilmenite concentrate to obtain by reaction fluorotitanic acid; B) adding potassium sulfate to the fluorotitanic acid to obtain by reaction potassium fluorotitanate; C) introducing the potassium fluorotitanate into a reactor and then adding aluminum to obtain by reaction titanium sponge and potassium cryolite; alternatively; introducing the aluminum into the reactor and then adding potassium fluorotitanate to obtain by reaction titanium sponge and potassium cryolite; D) extracting the potassium cryolite and feeding same, along with concentrated sulfuric acid, into a rotary reaction kettle to obtain by reaction hydrogen fluoride gas, potassium sulfate, and potassium aluminum sulfate, collecting the hydrogen fluoride gas and dissolving same in water to obtain a hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution; E) recycling the obtained hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution to step A to be used to leach ilmenite concentrate. The present invention recycles the by-product potassium cryolite, shortening the titanium sponge preparation process, lowering the overall costs of production, raising production efficiency, and reducing environmental pollution.
Provided is a method for cyclically preparing titanium sponge and simultaneously producing sodium cryolite using sodium fluorotitanate as an intermediate material, comprising the steps: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to ilmenite concentrate to obtain by reaction fluorotitanic acid; B) adding sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to the fluorotitanic acid to obtain sodium fluorotitanate; C) introducing the sodium fluorotitanate into a reactor and then adding aluminum to obtain by reaction titanium sponge and sodium cryolite; alternatively, introducing the aluminum into the reactor, and then adding the sodium fluorotitanate to obtain by reaction titanium sponge and sodium cryolite; D) extracting the sodium cryolite and feeding same, along with concentrated sulfuric acid, into a rotary reaction kettle to obtain by reaction hydrogen fluoride gas, sodium sulfate, and sodium aluminum sulfate; collecting the hydrogen fluoride gas and dissolving same in water to obtain a hydrofluoric acid solution; E) recycling the obtained hydrofluoric acid solution to step A to be used to leach ilmenite concentrate. The present invention recycles the by-product sodium cryolite, shortening the titanium sponge preparation process, lowering the overall costs of production, raising production efficiency, and reducing environmental pollution.
METHOD FOR CYCLICALLY PREPARING ELEMENTAL BORON AND SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING POTASSIUM CRYOLITE USING POTASSIUM FLUOROBORATE AS AN INTERMEDIATE MATERIAL
Disclosed is a method for cyclically preparing elemental boron and simultaneously producing potassium cryolite using potassium fluoroborate as an intermediate material, comprising the steps: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to boric acid or boric anhydride to obtain by reaction fluoroboric acid; B) adding a potassium sulfate aqueous solution to the fluoroboric acid to obtain by reaction potassium fluoroborate; C) introducing the potassium fluoroborate into a reactor and then adding aluminum to obtain by reaction elemental boron and potassium cryolite; alternatively, introducing the aluminum into the reactor and then adding potassium fluoroborate to obtain by reaction elemental boron and potassium cryolite; D) extracting the potassium cryolite and feeding same, along with concentrated sulfuric acid, into a rotary reaction kettle to obtain by reaction hydrogen fluoride gas, aluminum potassium sulfate, and potassium sulfate, collecting the hydrogen fluoride gas and dissolving same in water to obtain hydrofluoric acid; E) recycling the obtained hydrofluoric acid to step A to be used to leach boric acid or boric anhydride. The present invention recycles the by-product potassium cryolite, shortening the elemental boron preparation process, lowering the overall costs of production, raising production efficiency, and reducing environmental pollution.
A distillation apparatus for use in preparing titanium sponge, comprising: a furnace (10) and a reactor (20) used for holding a condensate. Arranged on the furnace (10) is a furnace cover (11). Arranged on the reactor (20) is a reactor cover (21). The furnace cover (11) and the reactor cover (21) are connected therebetween with a pipe (40). Arranged on the pipe (40) is a resistance wire (43). Respectively arranged on the furnace cover (11) and the reactor cover (21) are lifting/lowering apparatus (30). Arranged on the reactor cover (21) is a vacuuming pipe (22). Arranged between one end of the pipe (40) and the furnace cover (11) is a first metal gasket; while arranged between the other end of the pipe (40) and the reactor cover (21) is a second gasket (25). Employment of the metal gaskets solves the problem of distillation pipe blockage. Compared with the prior art, the apparatus is of reduced costs, while the production process is environmentally benign.
A method for preparing titanium sponge from potassium fluorotitanate via aluminothermy, comprising the following steps: a reaction step: in a vacuum, mixing aluminum and zinc, then reacting with potassium fluorotitanate; a distillation step: in a vacuum, distilling off KF, AlF3, and Zn produced in the reaction; and a cooling step: cooling in a covered furnace to acquire titanium sponge; where the mass ratio of aluminum to zinc is between 1:2 and 1:10. In addition, also provided is another method for preparing titanium sponge from potassium fluorotitanate via aluminothermy, comprising the following steps: a reaction step: in a vacuum and having argon introduced, mixing aluminum and magnesium, then reacting with potassium fluorotitanate; a distillation step: in a vacuum, distilling off KF, AlF3, MgF2, and Mg produced in the reaction; and a cooling step: cooling in a covered furnace to acquire titanium sponge; where the mass ratio of aluminum to magnesium is between 1:1 and 1:10.
Provided in the present invention is a method using sodium fluorotitanate as a raw material for preparing titanium sponge. The method comprises the following steps: step A: placing aluminum in a sealed resistance furnace, vacuuming, introducing an inert gas, heating into an aluminum solution; step B: opening a reactor cover, adding an adequate amount of sodium fluorotitanate into a reactor, covering the reactor cover, then detecting for leaks, gradually raising the temperature to 150°C, then vacuuming and continually heating to 250°C; step C: introducing the inert gas into the reactor, continually heating to 900°C, stirring evenly; step D: opening a valve, adjusting the stirring speed, instilling the aluminum solution, and controlling the reaction temperature between 900°C and 1000°C; and step E: opening the reactor cover, removing a stirring apparatus, clearing away NaAlF4 on the upper layer, acquiring titanium sponge. Advantageous effects of the present invention are: a shortened process flow, reduced costs, and environmental benignity, while the final product, titanium sponge, can be used directly in production processes, thus further conserving resources and reducing costs.
A method for preparing titanium sponge, comprising the following steps: step A: placing magnesium into a sealed resistance furnace, vacuuming, introducing an inert gas, heating into a magnesium solution; step B: opening a reactor, adding an appropriate amount of potassium fluorotitanate into the reactor, covering a reactor cover, then detecting for leaks, gradually raising the temperature to 150°C, then vacuuming and continuingly heating to 250°C; step C: introducing the inert gas into the reactor, continuingly raising the temperature to 750°C, stirring evenly; step D: opening a valve, adjusting the stirring speed, instilling the magnesium solution, and controlling the reaction temperature between 750°C and 850°C; and step E: opening the reactor cover, removing a stirring apparatus, clearing away KF and MgF2 on the upper layer, acquiring titanium sponge.
A reaction apparatus for use in preparing titanium sponge, comprising: a reactor (10) and a reactor cover (10) having a stirring apparatus (21). The reactor cover (20) and the reactor (10) have arranged therebetween a sealing ring (16). The reactor cover (20) has arranged on a side thereof a lifting/lowering apparatus (30) for use in controlling the lifting/lowering of the reactor cover (20). The reactor cover (20) has arranged thereon a resistance furnace (40). The resistance furnace (40) has arranged thereunder a valve (42). The reactor cover (20) has arranged thereon a vacuuming pipe (12) and an air-injecting pipe (13). The reaction apparatus is of reduce costs and environmentally benign; employment of the apparatus increases the reduction efficiency and yield of titanium sponge produced.
A method for preparing titanium sponge from sodium fluorotitanate via aluminothermy, comprising the following steps: a reaction step: in a vacuum, mixing aluminum and zinc, then reacting by adding sodium fluorotitanate; a separation step: allowing a completely reacted product to stand, introducing an inert gas, extracting NaF and AlF3 from an upper layer liquid phase; and a distillation step: in a vacuum, distilling off Zn in the remaining product, Zn-Ti; where the mass ratio of aluminum to zinc is between 1:2 and 1:10. Also provided is another method for preparing titanium sponge from sodium fluorotitanate via aluminothermy, comprising the following steps: a reaction step: in a vacuum and having the inert gas introduced, mixing aluminum, zinc, and magnesium, then reacting with sodium fluorotitanate; a separation step: allowing a completely reacted product to stand, introducing the inert gas, extracting NaF, AlF3, and MgF2 from an upper layer liquid phase; and a distillation step: in a vacuum, distilling off Mg and Zn in the remaining product; where the mass ratio of aluminum to zinc to magnesium is between 18:108:1 and 1:6:1.
A method for cyclically preparing titanium sponge and coproducing sodium cryolite using sodium fluotitanate as an intermediate material, which includes the following steps: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to titaniferous iron concentrate to enable a reaction to form fluotitanic acid; B) adding sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to the fluotitanic acid to enable a reaction to form the sodium fluotitanate; C) putting the sodium fluotitanate into a reactor, adding aluminum to react with the sodium fluotitanate to form the titanium sponge and sodium cryolite; D) extracting the sodium cryolite and sending it to a rotary reaction kettle together with concentrated sulphuric acid to enable a reaction to form hydrogen fluoride gas and sodium sulphate, aluminum sodium sulphate; collecting the hydrogen fluoride gas and dissolving it into water to obtain a hydrofluoric acid solution; E) recycling the obtained hydrofluoric acid to Step A to leach the titaniferous iron concentrate.
A method for cyclically preparing titanium sponge and coproducing potassium cryolite using potassium fluotitanate as an intermediate material, which includes the following steps: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to titaniferous iron concentrate to enable a reaction to form fluotitanic acid; B) adding potassium sulphate to the fluotitanic acid to enable a reaction to form the potassium fluotitanate; C) putting the potassium fluotitanate into a reactor, adding aluminum to react with the potassium fluotitanate to form the titanium sponge and potassium cryolite; D) extracting the potassium cryolite and sending it to a rotary reaction kettle together with concentrated sulphuric acid to enable a reaction to form hydrogen fluoride gas and potassium sulphate, aluminum potassium sulphate; collecting the hydrogen fluoride gas and dissolving it into water to obtain a hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution; E) recycling the obtained hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution to Step A to leach the titaniferous iron concentrate.
3, where m=1˜1.5 and n=1˜1.5. When the low-molecular-ratio cryolite provided by the disclosure is applied to the aluminum electrolytic industry, electrolytic temperature and power consumption can be reduced and electrolytic efficiency is improved.
3 or mixture thereof, where m=1˜1.5 and n=1˜1.5. When the electrolyte supplement system provided by the disclosure is applied to the aluminum electrolytic industry, electrolytic temperature can be reduced obviously in the aluminum electrolysis process without changing the existing electrolytic process; thus, power consumption is reduced, volatilization loss of fluoride is reduced and the comprehensive cost of production is reduced.
C01F 7/54 - Double compounds containing both aluminium and alkali metals or alkaline earth metals
C01F 1/00 - Methods of preparing compounds of the metals beryllium, magnesium, aluminium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, thorium, or the rare earths, in general
35.
CYCLED PREPARATION METHOD THAT USES MIXTURE OF SODIUM-BASED TITANIUM AND BORON FLUORIDE SALTS AS INTERMEDIATE RAW MATERIAL AND PRODUCES TITANIUM BORIDE AND SIMULTANEOUSLY SODIUM CRYOLITE
Disclosed is a cycled preparation method that uses mixture of sodium-based titanium and boron fluoride salts as intermediate raw material and produces titanium boride and simultaneously sodium cryolite. The method comprises the following steps: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to boric acid or boron anhydride, then adding sodium carbonate solution, and concentrating and crystallizing to obtain sodium fluoborate; adding hydrofluoric acid to titanium iron ore concentrate, and adding sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium fluorotitanate; B) mixing the sodium fluoborate and sodium fluorotitanate, and reacting with aluminum to obtain titanium boride and sodium cryolite; C) extracting the sodium cryolite, putting into a rotary reactor together with concentrated sulfuric acid to react and produce hydrogen fluoride gas, sodium sulfate, and sodium aluminum sulfate, collecting the hydrogen fluoride gas, and dissolving in water to obtain hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution; D) recycling the obtained hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution for use. The present invention recycles the byproduct, sodium cryolite, simplifies the preparation process for titanium boride, lowers the technical requirements for titanium boride preparation and the comprehensive production cost, enhances production efficiency, and reduces environmental pollution.
The present invention discloses a cycled preparation method that uses sodium fluoborate as intermediate raw material and produces boron element and simultaneously sodium cryolite, comprising the following steps: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to boric acid or boron anhydride to react and produce fluoroboric acid; B) adding sodium carbonate solution to the fluoroboric acid, concentrating crystal to obtain sodium fluoborate; C) placing the sodium fluoborate in a reactor, and adding aluminum to react and produce boron element and sodium cryolite; or placing aluminum in a reactor, and adding the sodium fluoborate to react and produce boron element and sodium cryolite; D) extracting the sodium cryolite, placing into a rotary reactor with concentrated sulfuric acid to react and produce hydrogen fluoride gas and sodium aluminum sulfate, and collecting the hydrogen fluoride gas and dissolving the gas into water to obtain hydrofluoric acid; E) the obtained hydrofluoric acid is cycled to step A to perform leaching on boric acid or boron anhydride. The present invention recycles the byproduct, sodium cryolite, shortens the preparation process of boron element, lowers the comprehensive production cost, enhances the production efficiency, and reduces environmental pollution.
A sealing ring, comprising by weight proportion: 80%-85% aluminum, 10%-15% titanium, 0.1%-1% iron filings, 4%-4.9% potassium aluminum fluoride. Also disclosed is a preparation method comprising the following steps: A: melting the aluminum in a frequency induction furnace, adding thereto the potassium aluminum fluoride, melting same, and stirring to uniformity; B: adding to the mixture titanium filings or titanium sponge, then the iron filings, then at a temperature between 800°C and 1200°C causing the mixture to achieve total fusion, stirring to uniformity and allowing to stand; C: removing surface-floating impurities; D: casting into shaping molds to obtain the sealing rings. The softening points and melting points of the present sealing rings can be regulated and the rings can be used in a variety of reactors and distillers, ensuring smooth performance in high-pressure production processes and resolving pressure-resistance problems of sealing rings associated with high temperature conditions in reactors and distillers.
4 to obtain sponge titanium. The present invention has the beneficial effects of short process flow, low cost, environmental protection and harmlessness.
The present invention provides a sealing ring and a preparation method thereof. The sealing ring, based on percent by weight, includes 80%-85% of aluminum, 10%-15% of titanium, 0.1%-1% of scrap iron, and 4%-4.9% of potassium fluoroaluminate. Moreover, the present invention provides a method for preparing sealing ring, which includes the following steps: Step A: melting the aluminum in a medium-frequency induction furnace, adding the potassium fluoroaluminate to the medium-frequency induction furnace after melting the aluminum, melting and stirring the mixture evenly; Step B: adding titanium scrap or sponge titanium, and scrap iron to the mixture successively, melting and mixing the mixture totally at 800° C. to 1200° C., standing the mixture after stirring evenly; Step C: removing scum on the surface; Step D: casting into a mold to obtain a final sealing ring.
C22F 1/04 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
F16J 15/08 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
3 in upper-layer liquid phase are extracted; and a distillation step: Zn in the remaining product Zn—Ti is distilled out under a vacuum state, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum to the zinc is 1:2 to 1:10.
Disclosed are an electrolyte supplement system for use in an aluminum electrolytic process and a manufacturing method therefor. The system comprises low molecular ratio cryolite. The low molecular ratio cryolite is selected among mKF-AlF3, nNaF-AlF3, or a mixture thereof, where m is 1 to 1.5 and n is 1 to 1.5. The electrolyte supplement system is applicable in aluminum electrolysis industry and allows, without amending the prior electrolytic method, for reduced electrolytic temperature and reduced volatilization losses of fluorides, thus reducing electrical power consumption and overall production costs.
Provided in the present invention is a potassium cryolite applicable in aluminum electrolysis industry. The molecular formula of the potassium cryolite is mKF-AlF3, where m is 1 to 1.5. The potassium cryolite of low molecular ratio (mKF-AlF3, where m is 1 to 1.5) provided in the present invention is applicable in aluminum electrolysis industry and allows for improved solubility of aluminum oxide, reduced electrolytic temperature, reduced electrical power consumption, improved electrolytic efficiency, and reduced overall production costs.
Provided is a zero-pollution recycling system for safely producing anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, comprising: an isolation chamber, a reactor for producing hydrogen fluoride, and a water pool. The reactor is disposed inside of the isolation chamber. The water pool is disposed at the bottom of the isolation chamber. Disposed above each of the two ends of the reactor is an absorption hood for absorbing hydrogen fluoride gas. At least two absorption towers, serially connected by means of pipes, are disposed at the top of the isolation chamber. Disposed on the top of and at the bottom of the absorption tower are water pipes connected to the water pool. The pipes are provided with coolers and a receiver connected to the water pool. The present invention is conducive to controlling the range of spread of hydrogen fluoride. If the pressure inside of the reactor is too high, and hydrogen fluoride leaks, the hydrogen fluoride can be controlled to be within the isolation chamber and be prevented from escaping, thereby avoiding environmental pollution. Leaked hydrogen fluoride gas can also be effectively recycled.
A preparation method for an aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon (Al-Zr-Ti-C) intermediate alloy. The composition of said Al-Zr-Ti-C intermediate alloy in weight percentage is: 0.01% to 10% of Zr, 0.01% to 10% of Ti, 0.01% to 0.3% of C, and Al accounting for the rest; the preparation method includes the following steps: pure industrial raw materials of aluminum, zirconium, titanium, and graphite are prepared according to the weight percentages of the alloy; the graphite powder is processed as follows: the graphite powder is added into a water solution of KF, NaF, K2ZrF6, or K2TiF6, or a mixed solution of KF, NaF, K2ZrF6, and K2TF6, soaked for 12 to 72 hours, and then filtered or centrifugally separated; the soaked graphite powder is then baked at between 80℃ and 200℃ for 12 to 24 hours; industrial pure aluminum is melted and kept at between 700℃ and 900℃; prepared zirconium and titanium, and processed graphite powder is added into the aluminum liquid to melt and produce an alloy liquid; and, the alloy liquid is stirred and kept at between 700℃ and 900℃ to be cast into shape. The Al-Za-Ti-C intermediate alloy produced by using the method is low in cost and high in quality.
An application of an aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon (Al-Zr-Ti-C) intermediate alloy in the deformation process of magnesium and magnesium alloys. The chemical composition of said Al-Zr-Ti-C intermediate alloy in weight percentage is: 0.01% to 10% of Zr, 0.01% to 10% of Ti, 0.01% to 0.3% of C, and Al accounting for the rest; said deformation process is a plastic molding method; said application is the refinement of magnesium crystal grains or magnesium alloy crystal grains. Also provided is an application method of the Al-Zr-Ti-C intermediate alloy in the continuous casting and rolling of magnesium and magnesium alloy. The aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon (Al-Zr-Ti-C) intermediate alloy has a strong nucleation capability and crystal grain refinement effects in magnesium and magnesium alloys, and enables the continuous, scalable production of deformed material of magnesium and magnesium alloy.
An aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon (Al-Zr-Ti-C) crystal grain refiner for magnesium and magnesium alloys, having a chemical composition, in weight percentage, of: 0.01% to 10% of Zr, 0.01% to 10% of Ti, 0.01% to 0.3% of C, and Al accounting for the rest. Also provided is a preparation method of the crystal grain refiner. The crystal grain refiner is an intermediate alloy that has a strong nucleation capability, and therefore a good capability to refine magnesium and magnesium alloy crystals. The crystal grain refiner can be industrially applied in the casting and rolling of magnesium and magnesium alloy section bars, thereby making it possible for magnesium to have wide industrial application.
This invention is a dust removal system for dust gas which comprises at least an atomizer. The atomizer comprises an atomizing chamber and an atomizing mechanism; the atomizing chamber includes an inlet for the dust gas and an outlet for the gas after mixture; the atomizing mechanism comprises a water chamber, the first atomizing ball, the second atomizing ball, an umbrella-shaped atomizer, and a regulating mechanism; the water chamber includes the first and second water inlet and the first and second water outlet; the regulating mechanism adjusts the fit clearance between the first atomizing ball and the first water outlet, the fit clearance between the second atomizing ball and the second water outlet, and the flare angle of the umbrella surface of the umbrella-shaped atomizer. The beneficial effect is: the two-stage atomization—coordinating the atomizing balls and the water outlets, and using an umbrella-shaped atomizer—guarantees the atomizing effect. When there are burrs accumulating in and/or corroding the water outlets, regulate the fit clearances between the atomizing balls and the water outlets to remove completely the influence of the blockage on the atomizing effect.
B01D 47/00 - Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
50.
GRAIN REFINER FOR MAGNESIUM AND MAGNESIUM ALLOY AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF
Disclosed is a grain refiner for magnesium and magnesium alloy. The grain refiner is a master alloy of Al-Zr-C with a composition (by wt%) of : Zr 0.01%-10%, C 0.01%-0.3% and balance Al. A method for preparing the grain refiner is also disclosed. The grain refiner has good ability of nucleating and excellent ability of grain refinement for magnesium and magnesium alloy, and may be used industrially to cast and roll the section bar of magnesium and magnesium alloy.
A method for controlling variations of Al—Ti—B alloy crystal grain refinement ability through controlling a compression ratio of sectional area of Al—Ti—B alloy including: A. establishing a relationship between variations of refinement ability of Al—Ti—B alloy crystal grain and parameters of press process of the Al—Ti—B alloy; setting the parameters of press process and controlling the variation of the refinement ability of the Al—Ti—B alloy crystal grain through controlling a value of the compression ratio.
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