Provided are methods of evaluating a sample for presence of an analyte using a magnetic sensor and a dissociation reagent. In some embodiments the sample is magnetically labelled and bound to the magnetic sensor, after which a dissociation reagent is introduced to dissociate the magnetic label from the magnetic sensor. The magnetic sensor can be used to detect the magnetically labeled analyte before and after introduction of the dissociation reagent, thereby allowing for evaluating of the presence of the analyte. Exemplary samples include aqueous solutions containing proteins, DNA, RNA, and other biologically relevant analytes. In some cases the methods provide for an increase in the speed at which the magnetic sensor can evaluate samples. Also provided are apparatuses and kits for performing the methods.
G01N 27/74 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables of fluids
Aspects of the present disclosure include magnetic sensor devices having a mixed oxide passivation layer. Magnetic sensor devices according to certain embodiments include a magnetic sensor element and a passivation layer having two or more of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide and tantalum oxide. Also provided are magnetic sensor devices having an encapsulating passivation layer. Magnetic sensor devices according to certain embodiments include a substrate, a magnetic sensor element and a passivation layer that encapsulates the magnetic sensor element. Methods for making a magnetic sensor with a passivation layer are described. Methods and systems for detecting one or more analytes in a sample are also described. Aspects further include kits having one or more of the subject magnetic sensor devices and a magnetic label.
H01F 10/32 - Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
H01F 10/30 - Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by the substrate or intermediate layers characterised by the composition of intermediate layers
H01L 27/22 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate using similar magnetic field effects
H01L 43/02 - Devices using galvano-magnetic or similar magnetic effects; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof - Details
The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (USA)
Inventor
Wang, Shan Xiang
Osterfeld, Sebastian J.
Yu, Heng
Pourmand, Nader
White, Robert L.
Abstract
Methods for analyte detection with magnetic sensors are provided. Aspects of the methods include producing a magnetic sensor device having a magnetically labeled analyte from a sample, such as a serum sample, bound to a surface of a magnetic sensor thereof; and obtaining a signal, e.g., a real-time signal, from the magnetic sensor to determine whether the analyte is present in the sample. Also provided are devices, systems and kits that find use in practicing the methods of the invention. The methods, devices, systems and kits of the invention find use in a variety of different applications, including detection of biomarkers, such as disease markers.
The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (USA)
Inventor
Wang, Shan Xiang
Nair, Viswam Siva
Yu, Heng
Beggs, Michael J.
Carbonell, Luis
Abstract
Aspects of the present disclosure include methods of producing a circulating analyte profile of a subject. The methods include contacting a blood sample from a subject with a panel of probes for specific binding to analytes, and detecting the presence or absence of binding of the analytes to probes of the panel of probes. Also provided are sensor devices including a panel of capture probes and useful, e.g., for practicing the methods of the present disclosure.
Provided are magnetic sensors, which include a magnetic sensor element having a sensor surface modification and an inter-element area adjacent to the magnetic sensor element and having an inter-element area surface modification, where the sensor surface modification and the inter-element area surface modification provide a binding surface in the inter-element area. Also provided are devices, systems and methods in which the subject magnetic sensors find use.
G01R 33/12 - Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
G01N 27/74 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables of fluids
G01N 33/543 - ImmunoassayBiospecific binding assayMaterials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
6.
Systems and methods for high-throughput detection of an analyte in a sample
Provided are high-throughput detection systems. The systems include a magnetic sensor device, a magnetic field source and a reservoir plate that includes a plurality of fluid reservoirs. The magnetic sensor device includes a support with two or more elongated regions each having a magnetic sensor array disposed at a distal end. Also provided are methods in which the subject high-throughput detection systems find use.
G01R 33/12 - Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
G01N 27/74 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables of fluids
G01N 35/00 - Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups Handling materials therefor
G01R 33/00 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
G01N 35/02 - Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
7.
Magnetic tunnel junction sensors and methods for using the same
Provided are magnetic sensors, which include a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) magnetoresistive element, a first electrode contacting at least a portion of a surface of the MTJ magnetoresistive element and extending beyond an edge of the surface of the MTJ magnetoresistive element, and a second electrode contacting at least a portion of an opposing surface of the MTJ magnetoresistive element and extending beyond an edge of the opposing surface of the MTJ magnetoresistive element, where facing surfaces of the extending portions of the first and second electrodes are non-overlapping. Also provided are devices, systems and methods in which the subject magnetic sensors find use.
G01N 27/74 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables of fluids
8.
Low noise and low power voltage controlled oscillators
LC tank and ring-based VCOs are disclosed that each include a differential pair of transistors for steering a tail current generated by a current source responsive to a bias voltage. A biasing circuit generates the bias voltage such that a transconductance for the transistors in the differential pairs is inversely proportional to a resistance.
In one embodiment, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is provided having an output signal having a frequency responsive to a tuning signal. The VCO includes: a plurality of inverters coupled to form a loop, each differential inverter having a differential pair of transistors configured to steer a tail current from a current source, the current source sourcing the tail current responsive to a bias voltage, each inverter stage including a plurality of switched-capacitor circuits configured to control a signal delay through the inverter stage response to the tuning signal so as to control the frequency of the output signal; and a bias circuit configured to generate the bias voltage responsive to a reference signal such that an amplitude of the output signal is substantially independent of the output signal frequency and depends upon the reference signal.
In one embodiment, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is provided that includes: a plurality of differential inverters coupled to form a loop, each differential inverter having a differential pair of transistors configured to steer a tail current from a current source, the current source sourcing the tail current responsive to a bias voltage, wherein each transistor in the differential pair couples to a power source through a corresponding switching-capacitor circuit; and a bias circuit configured to generate the bias voltage such that a transconductance for each transistor in the differential pairs is proportional to a factor that is a function of a ratio of transistor widths within the bias circuit.
Provided are high-throughput detection systems. The systems include a magnetic sensor device, a magnetic field source and a reservoir plate that includes a plurality of fluid reservoirs. The magnetic sensor device includes a support with two or more elongated regions each having a magnetic sensor array disposed at a distal end. Also provided are methods in which the subject high-throughput detection systems find use.
G01R 33/12 - Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
G01N 27/74 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables of fluids
G01N 35/00 - Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups Handling materials therefor
G01R 33/00 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
G01N 35/02 - Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
12.
Systems and methods for high-throughput detection of an analyte in a sample
Provided are high-throughput detection systems. The systems include a magnetic sensor device, a magnetic field source and a reservoir plate that includes a plurality of fluid reservoirs. The magnetic sensor device includes a support with two or more elongated regions each having a magnetic sensor array disposed at a distal end. Also provided are methods in which the subject high-throughput detection systems find use.
G01R 33/12 - Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
G01N 27/74 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables of fluids
G01N 35/00 - Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups Handling materials therefor
G01R 33/00 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
G01N 35/02 - Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
A wireless switch or sensor is provided that includes a radio frequency (RF) transponder including a narrowband receiver operable to generate power from a received narrowband RF signal and an ultra wideband (UWB) transmitter operable to transmit UWB pulses using the generated power.
This invention pertains to the connection between a radio frequency circuit and its antenna. Miniaturization of radio frequency integrated circuits has made attaching these circuits to their antennas increasingly difficult and costly. This invention uses magnetic coupling, as performed in transformers, between circuits and antennas as a practical solution to reduce cost and effort in attaching the two sides as well as to protect the circuit against electrostatic discharge. Furthermore a simple pre-assembly testing methodology is accounted for as an additional benefit of the method.
The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (USA)
Inventor
Wang, Shan X.
Osterfeld, Sebastian J.
Yu, Heng
Pourmand, Nader
White, Robert L.
Abstract
Methods for analyte detection with magnetic sensors are provided. Aspects of the methods include producing a magnetic sensor device having a magnetically labeled analyte from a sample, such as a serum sample, bound to a surface of a magnetic sensor thereof; and obtaining a signal, e.g., a real-time signal, from the magnetic sensor to determine whether the analyte is present in the sample. Also provided are devices, systems and kits that find use in practicing the methods of the invention. The methods, devices, systems and kits of the invention find use in a variety of different applications, including detection of biomarkers, such as disease markers.
An ultra low power, low complexity, low collision, deterministic modulation method that also works as a massive medium access mechanism for communication systems is based on positioning data in a communication resource space, such as time and frequency, such that the position of a symbol in that space determines its value and its access to the medium. The number base of the symbol is determined by the size of the subset of the resource space it is positioning itself in and, thereby, a few sparsely located symbols can convey a large value, while the remainder of the space can be simultaneously and massively used by other sparsely resource using members of the network.
An ultra low power, low complexity, low collision, deterministic modulation method that also works as a massive medium access mechanism for communication systems is based on positioning data in a communication resource space, such as time and frequency, such that the position of a symbol in that space determines its value and its access to the medium. The number base of the symbol is determined by the size of the subset of the resource space it is positioning itself in and, thereby, a few sparsely located symbols can convey a large value, while the remainder of the space can be simultaneously and massively used by other sparsely resource using members of the network.
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