A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.
C10J 3/12 - Continuous processes using solid heat-carriers
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 5/06 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
C10J 3/10 - Continuous processes using external heating
C10J 3/24 - Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
C10J 3/32 - Devices for distributing fuel evenly over the bed for stirring-up the fuel bed
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
A pulse flow reactor including an air plenum configured to receive an oxidant, an aerovalve configured to receive the oxidant from the air plenum, a combustion chamber configured to receive the oxidant from the aerovalve and to receive a target material to be combusted, an injector coupled to the combustion chamber and configured to provide the target material to the combustion chamber, and a tailpipe through which combustion products from the combustion chamber exit the pulse flow reactor. The oxidant is in the form of a gas, and the target material comprises a liquid or slurry or vapor. Destroying or combusting a target material includes providing the target material to the pulse flow reactor, providing an oxidant to the combustion chamber, and thermally or thermochemically treating the target material in the combustion chamber to combust the target material, thereby yielding combustion products.
F23C 15/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23G 5/12 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels including supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
F23G 7/00 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of specific waste or low grade fuels, e.g. chemicals
The present disclosure relates to a solid particle medium heat exchanger baffle. The baffle either is disk-shaped or ring-shaped and includes a support portion and a heat transfer portion. The support portion is configured to support guard rods of a heat transfer section of a heat exchanger. The support portion either has through holes into which the guard rods are insertable and in which the guard rods can rest against the baffle or ring-type members coupled to adjacent guard rods. The heat transfer portion is configured as heat transfer conduits inside the support section in a loose manner or in an open manner. The heat transfer conduits are configured to exchange heat with the solid particle medium. The heat transfer portion has at least one opening configured to accommodate at least one of the heat transfer conduits.
F28D 7/16 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
F28D 13/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
F28F 9/22 - Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
F28F 9/013 - Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
5.
MAKING FT PRODUCTS AFTER STREAM REFORMING AND HYDROCARBON REFORMING
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
B01D 50/60 - Combinations of devices covered by groups and
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
6.
METHOD AND SYSTEM OF DEBRIS MANAGEMENT AND COLLECTION IN A FEEDER
A system for and method of managing and collecting debris from a feeder. The method includes injecting compressed air into a piston box assembly of a feeder. The piston box assembly includes a housing and a pneumatic charge assembly, a first piston assembly, and a second piston assembly at least partially disposed in the housing and configured for compressing feedstock. The method includes collecting feedstock debris from the piston box assembly, transferring the feedstock debris from the piston box assembly to a collection site externally located relative to the feeder, and recycling a portion of the debris to an intermediate bin in the piston box assembly.
B30B 9/30 - Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for balingCompression boxes therefor
B30B 9/12 - Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
7.
METHOD OF PRODUCING LIQUID FUEL FROM CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCK THROUGH GASIFICATION AND RECYCLING OF DOWNSTREAM PRODUCTS
A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.
C10J 3/12 - Continuous processes using solid heat-carriers
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 5/06 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
C10J 3/10 - Continuous processes using external heating
C10J 3/24 - Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
C10J 3/32 - Devices for distributing fuel evenly over the bed for stirring-up the fuel bed
A system for using carbonaceous material includes a steam reformer, a hydrocarbon reformer, and at least one gas-cleanup system. Also described are methods of producing liquid fuel and/or chemicals from carbonaceous material.
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C10K 3/06 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by mixing with gases
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
A two-stage syngas production method to produce a final product gas from a carbonaceous material includes producing a first product gas in a first reactor, separating char from the first product gas to produce separated char and char-depleted product gas, and separately reacting the separated char and the char-depleted product gas with an oxygen-containing gas in a second reactor to produce a final product gas. The separated char is introduced into the second reactor above the char-depleted product gas. The solids separation device may include serially connected cyclones, and the separated char may be entrained in a motive fluid in an eductor to produce a char and motive fluid mixture prior to being transferred to the second reactor. A biorefinery method produces a purified product from the final product gas.
A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.
C10J 3/84 - Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
C10G 5/06 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
F02B 43/08 - Plants characterised by the engines using gaseous fuel generated in the plant from solid fuel, e.g. wood
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10L 5/46 - Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Gasification services; production of fuels for others;
production of biofuels for others; conversion of biomass to
fuels; conversion of biomass to chemicals; fuel and chemical
production services for others; production of energy;
generation of power, heat, and electricity; recycling of
waste and trash; waste-to-energy generation services;
production of energy via recycling of household waste;
providing information, advice, and consultancy in the field
of production of energy. Providing information on renewable energy sources and
alternative fuels, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels,
bioenergy, biomass, chemicals and biochemicals via a
website; scientific and technology research in the fields of
renewal energy sources and alternative fuels, namely, diesel
fuels, biofuels, bioenergies, chemicals and biochemicals;
technological project studies and research concerning
methods for processing and converting biomass; engineering
services, namely, in the field of alternative fuels and
biorefinery solutions; design, planning and layout of plants
and facilities for conversion of biomass to commercial
products for others; technology consulting services in the
field of fuels and chemicals; scientific research and
development and testing of methods for the conversion of
biomass into fuels and chemicals.
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
B01D 50/60 - Combinations of devices covered by groups and
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Gasification services; production of fuels for others;
production of biofuels for others; conversion of biomass to
fuels; conversion of biomass to chemicals; fuel and chemical
production services for others; production of energy;
generation of power, heat, and electricity; recycling of
waste and trash; waste-to-energy generation services;
production of energy via recycling of household waste;
providing information, advice, and consultancy in the field
of production of energy. Providing information on renewable energy sources and
alternative fuels, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels,
bioenergy, biomass, chemicals and biochemicals via a
website; scientific and technology research in the fields of
renewal energy sources and alternative fuels, namely, diesel
fuels, biofuels, bioenergies, chemicals and biochemicals;
technological project studies and research concerning
methods for processing and converting biomass; engineering
services, namely, in the field of alternative fuels and
biorefinery solutions; design, planning and layout of plants
and facilities for conversion of biomass to commercial
products for others; technology consulting services in the
field of fuels and chemicals; scientific research and
development and testing of methods for the conversion of
biomass into fuels and chemicals.
14.
System and method for liquid fuel production from carbonaceous materials using recycled conditioned syngas
A method of producing liquid fuel and/or chemicals from a carbonaceous material entails combusting a conditioned syngas in pulse combustion heat exchangers of a steam reformer to help convert carbonaceous material into first reactor product gas which includes carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and other gases. A portion of the first reactor product gas is transferred to a hydrogen reformer into which additional conditioned syngas is added and a reaction carried out to produce an improved syngas. The improved syngas is then subject to one or more gas clean-up steps to form a new conditioned syngas. A portion of the new conditioned syngas is recycled to be used as the conditioned syngas in the pulse combustion heat exchangers and in the hydrocarbon reformer. A system for carrying out the method include, a steam reformer, a hydrocarbon reformer, first and second gas-cleanup systems, a synthesis system and an upgrading system.
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C10K 3/06 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by mixing with gases
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
A feedstock flexible process for converting feedstock into oil and gas includes (i) indirectly heated hydrous devolatilization of volatile feedstock components, (ii) indirectly heated thermochemical conversion of fixed carbon feedstock components, (iii) heal integration and recovery, (iv) vapor and gas pressurization, and (v) vapor and gas clean-up and product recovery. A system and method for feedstock conversion includes a thermochemical reactor integrated with one or more hydrous devolatilization and solids circulation subsystems configured to accept a feedstock mixture, comprised of volatile feedstock components and fixed carbon feedstock components, and continuously produce a volatile reaction product stream therefrom, while simultaneously and continuously capturing, transferring, and converting the fixed carbon feedstock components to syngas.
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10B 53/00 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
C10B 49/22 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form in dispersed form according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10K 3/06 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by mixing with gases
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C10J 3/62 - Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
C10G 1/02 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
A two-stage syngas production method to produce a final product gas from a carbonaceous material includes producing a first product gas in a first reactor, separating char from the first product gas to produce separated char and char-depleted product gas, and separately reacting the separated char and the char-depleted product gas with an oxygen-containing gas in a second reactor to produce a final product gas. The separated char is introduced into the second reactor above the char-depleted product gas. The solids separation device may include serially connected cyclones, and the separated char may be entrained in a motive fluid in an eductor to produce a char and motive fluid mixture prior to being transferred to the second reactor. A biorefinery method produces a purified product from the final product gas.
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Biomass gasification services; production of fuels for others; production of biofuels for others; conversion of biomass to fuels; conversion of biomass to chemicals; fuel and chemical production services for others; production of energy; generation of power, heat, and electricity; recycling of waste and trash; waste-to-energy generation services; production of energy via recycling of household waste; providing information, advice, and consultancy in the field of production of energy
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Providing information on renewable energy sources research and alternative fuels research, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels, bioenergy, biomass, chemicals and biochemicals via a website; scientific and technology research in the fields of renewal energy sources and alternative fuels, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels, bioenergies, chemicals and biochemicals; technological project studies and research concerning methods for processing and converting biomass; engineering services, namely, in the field of alternative fuels and biorefinery solutions; design, planning and layout of plants and facilities for conversion of biomass to commercial products for others; technology consulting services in the field of fuels and chemicals; scientific research and development and testing of methods for the conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Biomass gasification services; production of fuels for others; production of biofuels for others; conversion of biomass to fuels; conversion of biomass to chemicals; fuel and chemical production services for others; production of energy; generation of power, heat, and electricity; recycling of waste and trash; waste-to-energy generation services; production of energy via recycling of household waste; providing information, advice, and consultancy in the field of production of energy
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Providing information on renewable energy sources research and alternative fuels research, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels, bioenergy, biomass, chemicals and biochemicals via a website; scientific and technology research in the fields of renewal energy sources and alternative fuels, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels, bioenergies, chemicals and biochemicals; technological project studies and research concerning methods for processing and converting biomass; engineering services, namely, in the field of alternative fuels and biorefinery solutions; design, planning and layout of plants and facilities for conversion of biomass to commercial products for others; technology consulting services in the field of fuels and chemicals; scientific research and development and testing of methods for the conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Biomass gasification services; production of fuels for others; production of biofuels for others; conversion of biomass to fuels; conversion of biomass to chemicals; fuel and chemical production services for others; production of energy; generation of power, heat, and electricity; recycling of waste and trash; waste-to-energy generation services; production of energy via recycling of household waste; providing information, advice, and consultancy in the field of production of energy
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Providing information on renewable energy sources research and alternative fuels research, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels, bioenergy, biomass, chemicals and biochemicals via a website; scientific and technology research in the fields of renewal energy sources and alternative fuels, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels, bioenergies, chemicals and biochemicals; technological project studies and research concerning methods for processing and converting biomass; engineering services, namely, in the field of alternative fuels and biorefinery solutions; design, planning and layout of plants and facilities for conversion of biomass to commercial products for others; technology consulting services in the field of fuels and chemicals; scientific research and development and testing of methods for the conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Production of fuels for others; production of biofuels for others; conversion of biomass to fuels; conversion of biomass to chemicals; fuel and chemical production services for others; production of energy; generation of power, heat, and electricity; recycling of waste and trash; waste-to-energy generation services; production of energy via recycling of household waste; providing information, advice, and consultancy in the field of production of energy
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Providing information on renewable energy sources research and alternative fuels research, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels, bioenergy, biomass, chemicals and biochemicals via a website; scientific and technology research in the fields of renewal energy sources and alternative fuels, namely, diesel fuels, biofuels, bioenergies, chemicals and biochemicals; technological project studies and research concerning methods for processing and converting biomass; engineering services, namely, in the field of alternative fuels and biorefinery solutions; design, planning and layout of plants and facilities for conversion of biomass to commercial products for others; technology consulting services in the field of fuels and chemicals; scientific research and development and testing of methods for the conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals
25.
Method of producing liquid fuel from carbonaceous feedstock through gasification and recycling of downstream products
A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10J 3/12 - Continuous processes using solid heat-carriers
C10J 3/10 - Continuous processes using external heating
C10J 3/24 - Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
C10J 3/32 - Devices for distributing fuel evenly over the bed for stirring-up the fuel bed
C10J 3/84 - Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
C10G 5/06 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
F02B 43/08 - Plants characterised by the engines using gaseous fuel generated in the plant from solid fuel, e.g. wood
C10L 5/46 - Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
26.
Method for Producing a Product Gas from Municipal Solid Waste with Particulate Classification
A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.
F23G 5/30 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels with combustion in a fluidised bed
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
B01D 29/66 - Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
B01D 50/60 - Combinations of devices covered by groups and
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
A two-stage syngas production method to produce a final product gas from a carbonaceous material includes producing a first product gas in a first reactor, separating char from the first product gas to produce separated char and char-depleted product gas, and separately reacting the separated char and the char-depleted product gas with an oxygen-containing gas in a second reactor to produce a final product gas. The separated char is introduced into the second reactor above the char-depleted product gas. The solids separation device may include serially connected cyclones, and the separated char may be entrained in a motive fluid in an eductor to produce a char and motive fluid mixture prior to being transferred to the second reactor. A biorefinery method produces a purified product from the final product gas.
A two-stage syngas production method to produce a final product gas from a carbonaceous material includes producing a first product gas in a first reactor, separating char from the first product gas to produce separated char and char-depleted product gas, and separately reacting the separated char and the char-depleted product gas with an oxygen-containing gas in a second reactor to produce a final product gas. The separated char is introduced into the second reactor above the char-depleted product gas. The solids separation device may include serially connected cyclones, and the separated char may be entrained in a motive fluid in an eductor to produce a char and motive fluid mixture prior to being transferred to the second reactor. A biorefinery method produces a purified product from the final product gas.
A method of producing liquid fuel and/or chemicals from a carbonaceous material entails combusting a conditioned syngas in pulse combustion heat exchangers of a steam reformer to help convert carbonaceous material into first reactor product gas which includes carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and other gases. A portion of the first reactor product gas is transferred to a hydrogen reformer into which additional conditioned syngas is added and a reaction carried out to produce an improved syngas. The improved syngas is then subject to one or more gas clean-up steps to form a new conditioned syngas. A portion of the new conditioned syngas is recycled to be used as the conditioned syngas in the pulse combustion heat exchangers and in the hydrocarbon reformer. A system for carrying out the method include, a steam reformer, a hydrocarbon reformer, first and second gas-cleanup systems, a synthesis system and an upgrading system.
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C10J 3/84 - Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C10K 3/06 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by mixing with gases
A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.
C10B 47/04 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with stationary charge in shaft furnaces
C10B 47/18 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
C10B 49/16 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form
C10B 51/00 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
F23G 5/00 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
33.
Method of producing liquid fuel from carbonaceous feedstock through gasification and recycling of downstream products
A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.
C10J 3/84 - Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
C10G 5/06 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
F02B 43/08 - Plants characterised by the engines using gaseous fuel generated in the plant from solid fuel, e.g. wood
C10L 5/46 - Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
34.
Method for discharging solids from a solids-laden gas
A solids discharge system (SDS) is configured to separate solids from product gas. The system includes a solids separation device and at least one solids transfer conduit configured to receive solids from the solids separation device. The solids transfer conduit is selectively partitioned into a plurality of compartments (or “sections”) along its length by isolation valves. A gas supply conduit and a gas discharge conduits are connected to one of the sections to facilitate removal of solids. A filter in fluid communication with that section is configured to prevent solids from passing through the gas discharge conduit so that the solids can be removed from one of the sections of the solids transfer conduit. A product gas generation system incorporates first and second reactors, the latter of which receives products created by the second reactor.
C10L 8/00 - Fuels not provided for in other groups of this subclass
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.
C10B 47/04 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with stationary charge in shaft furnaces
C10B 47/18 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
C10B 49/16 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form
C10B 51/00 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
B01D 29/66 - Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
B01D 50/00 - Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
B01D 29/66 - Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
B01D 50/00 - Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
A liquid fuel product system is configured to produce liquid fuels from carbonaceous materials. The liquid fuel product system includes a plurality of feedstock delivery systems, a plurality of first stage product gas generation systems, a plurality of second stage product gas generation systems, a plurality of third stage product gas generation systems, a primary gas clean-up system, a compression system, a secondary gas clean-up system, and a synthesis system that includes one or more from the group consisting of ethanol, mixed alcohols, methanol, dimethyl ether, and Fischer-Tropsch products.
A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.
A liquid fuel product system is configured to produce liquid fuels from carbonaceous materials. The liquid fuel product system includes a plurality of feedstock delivery systems, a plurality of first stage product gas generation systems, a plurality of second stage product gas generation systems, a plurality of third stage product gas generation systems, a primary gas clean-up system, a compression system, a secondary gas clean-up system, and a synthesis system that includes one or more from the group consisting of ethanol, mixed alcohols, methanol, dimethyl ether, and Fischer-Tropsch products.
A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.
C10B 3/02 - Coke ovens with vertical chambers with heat-exchange devices
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
C10B 51/00 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating
C10B 49/16 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form
B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
C10J 3/66 - Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
C10B 47/04 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with stationary charge in shaft furnaces
C10B 47/18 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
A pulse combustion heat exchanger having a longitudinal axis is configured to accept oxidant and fuel and output a cooled combustion stream. The pulse combustion heat exchanger includes an oxidant inlet section that accepts oxidant, a fuel inlet section that accepts fuel, a mixing section that mixes oxidant with fuel, a combustion section that receives the oxidant and fuel and produces a pulsating combustion stream, and a heat transfer section configured to receive the pulsating combustion stream, the heat transfer section includes one or more resonance conduits. Coolant is employed at a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart transition sections to remove heat.
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
B01D 29/66 - Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 50/00 - Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
A pulse combustion heat exchanger having a longitudinal axis is configured to accept oxidant and fuel and output a cooled combustion stream. The pulse combustion heat exchanger includes an oxidant inlet section that accepts oxidant, a fuel inlet section that accepts fuel, a mixing section that mixes oxidant with fuel, a combustion section that receives the oxidant and fuel and produces a pulsating combustion stream, and a heat transfer section configured to receive the pulsating combustion stream, the heat transfer section includes one or more resonance conduits. Coolant is employed at a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart transition sections to remove heat.
F02C 5/00 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the working fluid being generated by intermittent combustion
F23C 15/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
F24H 9/18 - Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
G01L 19/00 - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
A method for calculating the height and the density of a fluidized bed is described. In a first mode of operation, a first differential pressure and a second differential pressure are obtained, a bed density of the fluidized bed is calculated, and a bed height is calculated by dividing the first differential pressure by the calculated bed density. In a second mode of operation the system is purged by using a pressurized gas.
B05B 15/555 - Arrangements for cleaningArrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockageArrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids discharged by cleaning nozzles
G01N 9/26 - Investigating density or specific gravity of materialsAnalysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring pressure differences
G01F 23/14 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
B08B 9/032 - Cleaning the internal surfacesRemoval of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
G01F 23/00 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
G01F 23/18 - Indicating, recording, or alarm devices actuated electrically
B08B 9/00 - Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
B05B 15/55 - Arrangements for cleaningArrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockageArrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids
48.
Two-stage energy-integrated product gas generation system and method
A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.
F23G 5/30 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels with combustion in a fluidised bed
F23G 5/00 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
49.
Liquid fuel production system having parallel product gas generation
A liquid fuel product system is configured to produce liquid fuels from carbonaceous materials. The liquid fuel product system includes a plurality of feedstock delivery systems, a plurality of first stage product gas generation systems, a plurality of second stage product gas generation systems, a plurality of third stage product gas generation systems, a primary gas clean-up system, a compression system, a secondary gas clean-up system, and a synthesis system that includes one or more from the group consisting of ethanol, mixed alcohols, methanol, dimethyl ether, and Fischer-Tropsch products.
A solids discharge system (SDS) is configured to separate solids from product gas. The system includes a solids separation device and at least one solids transfer conduit configured to receive solids from the solids separation device. The solids transfer conduit is selectively partitioned into a plurality of compartments (or “sections”) along its length by isolation valves. A gas supply conduit and a gas discharge conduits are connected to one of the sections to facilitate removal of solids. A filter in fluid communication with that section is configured to prevent solids from passing through the gas discharge conduit so that the solids can be removed from one of the sections of the solids transfer conduit. A product gas generation system incorporates first and second reactors, the latter of which receives products created by the second reactor.
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10L 8/00 - Fuels not provided for in other groups of this subclass
A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/38 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation
A pulse combustion heat exchanger having a longitudinal axis is configured to accept oxidant and fuel and output a cooled combustion stream. The pulse combustion heat exchanger includes an oxidant inlet section that accepts oxidant, a fuel inlet section that accepts fuel, a mixing section that mixes oxidant with fuel, a combustion section that receives the oxidant and fuel and produces a pulsating combustion stream, and a heat transfer section configured to receive the pulsating combustion stream, the heat transfer section includes one or more resonance conduits. Coolant is employed at a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart transition sections to remove heat.
F02C 5/00 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the working fluid being generated by intermittent combustion
F23C 15/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
F24H 9/18 - Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
G01L 19/00 - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
53.
Method for forming a plurality of plugs of carbonaceous material
A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.
A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.
A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.
C10J 3/84 - Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
C10G 5/06 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
F02B 43/08 - Plants characterised by the engines using gaseous fuel generated in the plant from solid fuel, e.g. wood
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10L 5/46 - Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
56.
Feed zone delivery system having carbonaceous feedstock density reduction and gas mixing
A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
B01D 29/66 - Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
B01D 50/00 - Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
2 to create a push-pull or source-sink reaction environment. The SOFC is exothermic and supplies heat within a reaction chamber of the gasifier where the fluidized bed conducts an endothermic reaction. The products from the anode are the reactants for the reformer and vice versa. A lower bed in the reaction chamber may comprise engineered multi-function material which may incorporate one or more catalysts and reactant adsorbent sites to facilitate excellent heat and mass transfer and fluidization dynamics in fluidized beds. The catalyst is capable of cracking tars and reforming hydrocarbons.
H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/44 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts using moving solid particles using the fluidised bed technique
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
F02C 3/28 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
H01M 8/124 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10J 3/46 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension
A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.
C10J 3/46 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension
B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
B01D 50/00 - Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
B01D 53/76 - Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
63.
Method for syngas clean-up of semi-volatile organic compounds with solids removal
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
B01D 29/66 - Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
B01D 50/00 - Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/38 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
65.
Solids circulation system and method for capture and conversion of reactive solids with fluidized bed temperature control
A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/38 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
66.
Hydraulic feeder system having compression stage with multi-cylinder hydraulic circuit
A feeder system for advancing a compressible material has a hydraulic circuit associated with a final compression stage. The hydraulic circuit includes a platen attached to a primary ram configured to travel within a primary cylinder. The platen is operatively connected to a main piston cylinder assembly and at least two ancillary piston cylinder assemblies. In a first mode of operation, the hydraulic circuit forces the ancillary piston cylinder assemblies to advance the platen and ram in a forward compression direction until they reach a first predetermined position between travel extremes, while the main piston cylinder assembly passively travels along in the forward compression direction. Once the first predetermined position is reached, in a second mode of operation, the hydraulic circuit additionally forces the main piston cylinder assembly to compress the compressible material. In a third mode of operation, the hydraulic circuit retracts the platen and primary ram.
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
A feeder system for advancing a compressible material has a hydraulic circuit associated with a final compression stage. The hydraulic circuit includes a platen attached to a primary ram configured to travel within a primary cylinder. The platen is operatively connected to a main piston cylinder assembly and at least two ancillary piston cylinder assemblies. In a first mode of operation, the hydraulic circuit forces the ancillary piston cylinder assemblies to advance the platen and ram in a forward compression direction until they reach a first predetermined position between travel extremes, while the main piston cylinder assembly passively travels along in the forward compression direction. Once the first predetermined position is reached, in a second mode of operation, the hydraulic circuit additionally forces the main piston cylinder assembly to compress the compressible material. In a third mode of operation, the hydraulic circuit retracts the platen and primary ram.
A mechanism applies necessary forces for the creation of one or more plugs of compressible material to be supplied to a reactor. The plugs are capable of forming a seal between inlets for the plugs and the reactor. The mechanism includes two double-acting hydraulic piston cylinder assemblies coupled with two single-acting hydraulic piston cylinder assemblies.
B30B 1/32 - Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure
B30B 9/28 - Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for forming shaped articles
B30B 9/32 - Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
B30B 9/30 - Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for balingCompression boxes therefor
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
72.
Integrated two-stage thermochemical heat pipe reactor having a partitioned vessel
A feedstock conversion system including an integrated two-stage fluid bed thermochemical reaction apparatus (50) has first and second reaction chambers (110, 120) side-by-side and physically separated from one another in one vessel (100) by a partition (130). One or more clusters of heat pipes (400) pass through the partition (130) between the first and second chambers (110, 120) for efficient indirect heat transfer between first and second fluid bed reaction stages (200, 300) and materials therein. The system includes devices for solids transfer between the two reaction chambers (110, 120) to enhance feedstock conversion.
C10J 3/84 - Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
F28D 15/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes
F28D 15/04 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
73.
System and method for processing raw gas with in-situ catalyst regeneration
A system and method for improving the quality of a raw gas or raw syngas passes the raw gas or raw syngas past a catalytic element comprising catalyst with an optional sorbent. A downstream measurement of one or more parameters of the improved gas is fed back to a controller configured to regulate the regeneration of the catalyst and optional sorbent and, optionally, the flow rate of the regeneration fluid to the catalytic element. The system and method are particularly suitable for improving raw syngas generated from a carbonaceous material in a fixed bed or fluidized-bed or entrained-flow gasifier. One or more undesirable syngas constituents are subject to one or more of catalytic cracking, reforming, partial oxidation and/or decomposition to promote their conversion into desirable syngas constituents. At least one catalytic element is regenerated in situ, either periodically, continuously, or in a combination of these two modes.
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
C10G 11/10 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with stationary catalyst bed
C10G 70/04 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes
C01B 3/58 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/38 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation
75.
Gasifier having integrated fuel cell power generation system
2 to create a push-pull or source-sink reaction environment. The SOFC is exothermic and supplies heat within a reaction chamber of the gasifier where the fluidized bed conducts an endothermic reaction. The products from the anode are the reactants for the reformer and vice versa. A lower bed in the reaction chamber may comprise engineered multi-function material which may incorporate one or more catalysts and reactant adsorbent sites to facilitate excellent heat and mass transfer and fluidization dynamics in fluidized beds. The catalyst is capable of cracking tars and reforming hydrocarbons.
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
F02C 3/28 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
C01B 3/44 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts using moving solid particles using the fluidised bed technique
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10J 3/46 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension
H01M 8/124 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
C10J 3/62 - Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
76.
SYNCHRONOUS SINGLE- AND DOUBLE-ACTING PISTON FEEDER SYSTEM AND METHOD
A mechanism applies necessary forces for the creation of one or more plugs of compressible material to be supplied to a reactor. The plugs are capable of forming a seal between inlets for the plugs and the reactor. The mechanism includes two double-acting hydraulic piston cylinder assemblies coupled with two single-acting hydraulic piston cylinder assemblies.
A feeder system for advancing a compressible material has a hydraulic circuit associated with a final compression stage. The hydraulic circuit includes a platen attached to a primary ram configured to travel within a primary cylinder. The platen is operatively connected to a main piston cylinder assembly and at least two ancillary piston cylinder assemblies. In a first mode of operation, the hydraulic circuit forces the ancillary piston cylinder assemblies to advance the platen and ram in a forward compression direction until they reach a first predetermined position between travel extremes, while the main piston cylinder assembly passively travels along in the forward compression direction. Once the first predetermined position is reached, in a second mode of operation, the hydraulic circuit additionally forces the main piston cylinder assembly to compress the compressible material. In a third mode of operation, the hydraulic circuit retracts the platen and primary ram.
A feedstock flexible process for converting feedstock into oil and gas includes (i) indirectly heated hydrous devolatilization of volatile feedstock components, (ii) indirectly heated thermochemical conversion of fixed carbon feedstock components, (iii) heat integration and recovery, (iv) vapor and gas pressurization, and (v) vapor and gas clean-up and product recovery. A system and method for feedstock conversion includes a thermochemical reactor integrated with one or more hydrous devolatilization and solids circulation subsystems configured to accept a feedstock mixture, comprised of volatile feedstock components and fixed carbon feedstock components, and continuously produce a volatile reaction product stream therefrom, while simultaneously and continuously capturing, transferring, and converting the fixed carbon feedstock components to syngas.
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10B 53/00 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
C10B 49/22 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form in dispersed form according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10K 3/06 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by mixing with gases
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C10J 3/62 - Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
C10G 1/02 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/12 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
A feedstock conversion system including an integrated two-stage fluid bed thermochemical reaction apparatus (50) has first and second reaction chambers (110, 120) side-by-side and physically separated from one another in one vessel (100) by a partition (130). One or more clusters of heat pipes (400) pass through the partition (130) between the first and second chambers (110, 120) for efficient indirect heat transfer between first and second fluid bed reaction stages (200, 300) and materials therein. The system includes devices for solids transfer between the two reaction chambers (110, 120) to enhance feedstock conversion.
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
81.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING RAW GAS WITH IN-SITU CATALYST REGENERATION
A system and method for improving the quality of a raw gas or raw syngas passes the raw gas or raw syngas past a catalytic element comprising catalyst with an optional sorbent. A downstream measurement of one or more parameters of the improved gas is fed back to a controller configured to regulate the regeneration of the catalyst and optional sorbent and, optionally, the flow rate of the regeneration fluid to the catalytic element. The system and method are particularly suitable for improving raw syngas generated from a carbonaceous material in a fixed bed or fluidized-bed or entrained-flow gasifier. Herein, one or more undesirable syngas constituents are subject to one or more of catalytic cracking, reforming, partial oxidation and/or decomposition to promote their conversion into desirable syngas constituents. At least one catalytic element is regenerated in situ, either periodically, continuously, or in a combination of these two modes.
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
A feedstock flexible process for converting feedstock into oil and gas includes (i) indirectly heated hydrous devolatilization of volatile feedstock components, (ii) indirectly heated thermochemical conversion of fixed carbon feedstock components, (iii) heat integration and recovery, (iv) vapor and gas pressurization, and (v) vapor and gas clean-up and product recovery. A system and method for feedstock conversion includes a thermochemical reactor integrated with one or more hydrous devolatilization and solids circulation subsystems configured to accept a feedstock mixture, comprised of volatile feedstock components and fixed carbon feedstock components, and continuously produce a volatile reaction product stream therefrom, while simultaneously and continuously capturing, transferring, and converting the fixed carbon feedstock components to syngas.
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi- volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
84.
Piston member, an apparatus comprising the piston member, and methods and use of the piston member and the apparatus
A piston member that includes a piston rod provided with a piston serves for reciprocating inside a cylinder barrel, the piston dividing the cylinder barrel chamber into a proximal cylinder barrel chamber having a proximal capped end opposite the piston and a distal cylinder barrel chamber having a distal cylinder barrel end opposite the piston. The piston member has at least one sealing ring or seat arranged inside the distal cylinder barrel chamber at the distal cylinder barrel end. Preferably three consecutive piston members are arranged to operate in a series in an apparatus for transporting coal powder to a gasifier. The movement of the pistons inside the cylinder barrels is controlled in relation to each other to transport apportioned batches of coal powder to a high pressure reactor.
A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/38 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation
86.
SOLIDS CIRCULATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CAPTURE AND CONVERSION OF REACTIVE SOLIDS
A solids circulation system captures and transfers char or other reacting solids from a gas stream created by a first reactor, to a second reactor. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the carbon in char or residual reactants in the solids to gaseous products. The solids circulation system comprises a cyclone that receives the gas stream with solids, the second reactor, a riser and a cyclone dipleg connected to the second reactor. A conveying fluid is utilized to transport a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream containing char or reacting solids prior to cyclone entry. The addition of the bed media helps to manipulate the properties (density and mean size) of the solids mixture that is captured by the cyclone and facilitate steady or quasi-steady dense phase flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. This second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
C07C 1/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
87.
Gasifier having integrated fuel cell power generation system
2 to create a push-pull or source-sink reaction environment. The SOFC is exothermic and supplies heat within a reaction chamber of the gasifier where the fluidized bed conducts an endothermic reaction. The products from the anode are the reactants for the reformer and vice versa. A lower bed in the reaction chamber may comprise engineered multi-function material which may incorporate one or more catalysts and reactant adsorbent sites to facilitate excellent heat and mass transfer and fluidization dynamics in fluidized beds. The catalyst is capable of cracking tars and reforming hydrocarbons.
F02C 3/28 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
C01B 3/44 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts using moving solid particles using the fluidised bed technique
H01M 8/12 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
C10J 3/62 - Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
88.
GASIFIER HAVING INTEGRATED FUEL CELL POWER GENERATION SYSTEM
A direct carbonaceous material to power generation system integrates one or more solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) into a fluidized bed gasifier. The fuel cell anode is in direct contact with bed material so that the H2 and CO generated in the bed are oxidized to H2O and CO2 to create a push-pull or source-sink reaction environment. The SOFC is exothermic and supplies heat within a reaction chamber of the gasifier where the fluidized bed conducts an endo thermic reaction. The products from the anode are the reactants for the reformer and vice versa. A lower bed in the reaction chamber may comprise engineered multi-function material which may incorporate one or more catalysts and reactant adsorbent sites to facilitate excellent heat and mass transfer and fluidization dynamics in fluidized beds. The catalyst is capable of cracking tars and reforming hydrocarbons.
F02C 3/26 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension
C10J 3/54 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
89.
Feeding apparatus for creation of one or more plugs of compressible material for feeding into a gasifier or reactor
An energy efficient, very flexible and safe feeding apparatus serves for creation of one or more plugs of compressible material for feeding into a gasifier, reactor or other combustion chamber. This apparatus includes a piston feeder with at least three pistons for pre-compressing and delivering compressible material towards a mouthpiece serving as a non-return valve and having an exit end facing a braking device with a friction member for regulating the final degree of compression of the material, and an opposing inlet end for at least partly compressed material. The inner diameter of at least an inlet section extending from the inlet end of the mouthpiece increases towards the first end, so that an angle between the inner wall of at least the inlet section and the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece is larger than 0° but less than or equal to 3°.
B30B 11/00 - Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses or tabletting presses
90.
FLUID BED REACTOR HAVING A PULSE COMBUSTOR-TYPE HEAT TRANSFER MODULE
A fluid bed reactor has a reaction vessel with a compartment configured to process a reactive material to form one or more products. Attached to the reaction vessel is at least one heat transfer module which includes a pulse combustor and an associated acoustic chamber. The pulse combustor has at least one tailpipe that terminates in its associated acoustic chamber. Flue gases exiting the tailpipe(s) pass from the acoustic chamber, through a wall separating the acoustic chamber from the reactor vessel and into heat transfer tubes that protrude into a compartment of the reactor vessel. Feedstock inlets are configured to introduce the reactive material into a region that is vertically between the first and second clusters of heat transfer tubes. The heat transfer tubes have an annular construction such that the flue gases pass through an inner shield tube in a direction away from the wall, turn around, and return in a direction towards the wall where they are directed to a manifold. A first cluster of heating conduits at least partially occupies the compartment and extends over a first vertical extent within the compartment. A second cluster of heating conduits partially occupies the compartment and extends over a second vertical extent within the compartment. The first cluster of heating conduits is vertically below the second cluster of heating conduits and spaced apart therefrom by a first separation distance.
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10J 3/46 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension
C10J 3/54 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
F27B 15/00 - Fluidised-bed furnacesOther furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
A fluid bed reactor is configured to process a reactive material to form one or more products. The reactor includes a reaction vessel defining a compartment configured to receive the reactive material. A first cluster of heating conduits at least partially occupies the compartment and extends over a first vertical extent within the compartment. A second cluster of heating conduits partially occupies the compartment and extends over a second vertical extent within the compartment. The first cluster of heating conduits is vertically below the second cluster of heating conduits and spaced apart therefrom by a first separation distance. Feedstock inlets are configured to introduce the reactive material into a region that is vertically between the first and second clusters of heating conduits. The heating conduits in the first cluster have a first thickness while the heating conduits in the second cluster have a second thickness. The first separation distance is at least as great as the smaller of the first and second thicknesses.
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10J 3/46 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension
C10J 3/54 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
F28D 13/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
F27B 15/00 - Fluidised-bed furnacesOther furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
A fluid bed reactor is configured to process a reactive material to form one or more products. The reactor includes a reaction vessel defining a compartment configured to receive the reactive material. Attached to the reaction vessel is at least one heat transfer module. Each heat transfer module includes a pulse combustor and an associated acoustic chamber. The pulse combustor has at least one tailpipe that terminates in its associated acoustic chamber. Flue gases exiting the tailpipe(s) pass from the acoustic chamber, through a wall separating the acoustic chamber from the reactor vessel and into heat transfer tubes that protrude into a compartment of the reactor vessel. Feedstock inlets are configured to introduce the reactive material into a region that is vertically between the first and second clusters of heat transfer tubes. The heat transfer tubes have an annular construction such that the flue gases pass through an inner shield tube in a direction away from the wall, turn around, and return in a direction towards the wall. The gases are then directed to a manifold from which they ultimately exit the device. Cooling by water or another heat transfer fluid may be provided to the tubes to facilitate integrity of the materials and joints of construction. The reactor may be controlled such that the fluid bed selectively is operated either in the bubbling bed regime or in the turbulent fluidization regime.
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10J 3/46 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension
C10J 3/54 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
F27B 15/00 - Fluidised-bed furnacesOther furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
F23C 15/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
F27D 7/00 - Forming, maintaining or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
Various processes and systems are disclosed for converting carbonaceous materials into a product gas stream. For instance, the product gas stream may be endothermically converted to a gas through a steam reforming process. The present invention is directed to various methods and systems for increasing throughput and efficiency of the system. Further, the present invention is also directed to sulfur removal methods and systems from a gas stream.
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10J 3/46 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension
C10J 3/54 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
C10J 3/16 - Continuous processes simultaneously reacting oxygen and water with the carbonaceous material
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
F27B 15/00 - Fluidised-bed furnacesOther furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
