A urea production apparatus (10) comprises: a first evaporator (EV1) for obtaining a first exhaust gas and a concentrated urea aqueous solution from a urea aqueous solution; a condenser (C1) for cooling the first exhaust gas to thereby obtain condensed water; a second evaporator (EV2) for obtaining a second exhaust gas and a high-concentration urea liquid from the concentrated urea aqueous solution; a granulation device (F) for obtaining a solid urea product from the high-concentration urea liquid; a scrubber (SCR) for bringing the second exhaust gas and a third exhaust gas discharged from the granulation device (F) into contact with a cleaning liquid to thereby obtain a clean gas and a post-cleaning recovery liquid containing an ammonium salt and urea; and a recovery pipe configured so as to supply the post-cleaning recovery liquid to the second evaporator (EV2). The second evaporator (EV2) obtains the high-concentration urea liquid and the second exhaust gas from a mixture liquid of the concentrated urea aqueous solution and the post-cleaning recovery liquid.
C07C 273/14 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
B01D 1/22 - Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01J 2/16 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
2.
UREA PRODUCTION METHOD AND UREA PRODUCTION APPARATUS
Provide are a urea production method and a urea production apparatus in which hydrogen and oxygen are produced by electrolysis of water in an electrolysis unit, nitrogen is separated and recovered from air in an air separation unit, ammonia is synthesized in an ammonia synthesis unit using hydrogen from the electrolysis unit and nitrogen from the air separation unit as raw materials, carbon dioxide is produced by combusting a fuel in an oxycombustion unit while using at least the oxygen from the electrolysis unit, and urea is synthesized in a urea synthesis unit by using the carbon dioxide and the ammonia as raw materials.
C07C 273/10 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds combined with the synthesis of ammonia
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
Disclosed is a urea synthesis method including, bringing a urea synthesis liquid produced in a urea synthesis tower A into contact with at least part of raw material carbon dioxide under heating in a stripper C, introducing a separated mixed gas into a condenser B to condense it, and circulating the condensate to the urea synthesis tower A, wherein an oxygen feed concentration with respect to the raw material carbon dioxide is 100 to 2,000 ppm, and in the urea synthesis tower A, a urea synthesis pressure is 125 to 145 bar, a urea synthesis temperature is 175° C. to 190° C., a N/C is 3.5 to 4.0, and a H/C is 0.70 or less.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
4.
DESIGN SUPPORT DEVICE, DESIGN SUPPORT METHOD, AND PROGRAM
A design support device (10) acquires conditions and spatial information for constructing a component, searches a database (20) for combinations of parts that satisfy the acquired conditions, displays on a display device a display screen showing the retrieved combinations of parts, determines the arrangement of the parts in the component based on the spatial information and the shape and dimension of each of the parts constituting a combination selected from among the combinations displayed on the display device, and displays on the display device the information indicating the determined arrangement.
G06F 30/18 - Network design, e.g. design based on topological or interconnect aspects of utility systems, piping, heating ventilation air conditioning [HVAC] or cabling
G06F 30/12 - Geometric CAD characterised by design entry means specially adapted for CAD, e.g. graphical user interfaces [GUI] specially adapted for CAD
G06F 111/20 - Configuration CAD, e.g. designing by assembling or positioning modules selected from libraries of predesigned modules
A heat pump 10 has: a heat-absorbing part 11; a heat-radiating part 12; and a heat transport device 20 that receives a working fluid from which heat has been absorbed by the heat-absorbing part 11 and feeds the working fluid to the heat-radiating part 12, and receives the working fluid to which heat has been emitted from the heat-radiating part 12 and feeds the working fluid to the heat-absorbing part. The heat transport device 20 has: two spaces 21, 22 that are adjacent to each other, the two spaces 21, 22 including a first space 21, to which a magnetic field is applied and through which the working fluid from which heat has been absorbed is circulated, and a second space 22, to which either no magnetic field is applied or a magnetic field weaker than the magnetic field applied to the first space 21 is applied and through which the working fluid to which heat has been emitted is circulated; and a movable member 26 of which at least a portion is composed of a magnetic body, the movable member 26 being configured such that the portion composed of a magnetic body moves from one space among the two spaces 21, 22 to the other space and then moves into the one space.
This geothermal power generation system, which generates power using thermal energy in a geothermal zone, comprises: at least two wells; a power generation facility that extracts a geothermal fluid generated in the geothermal zone from any one of the at least two wells and generates power using thermal energy contained in the geothermal fluid; and a geothermal heat exchanger that performs heat exchange on the fluid circulating in a flow path configured as a closed loop-type flow path in the geothermal zone. The geothermal heat exchanger is provided at any one point between the at least two wells.
F24T 10/20 - Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluidGeothermal collectors using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
Provided is a compressed air storage container 1 for storing compressed air. A cylindrical container 10 of the compressed air storage container 1 has a first gas space 30, and a bag-like isolation film 20 has a second gas space 31. A first gas is supplied from a first gas supply/discharge port 35 into the first gas space 30, a second gas in the second gas space 31 is discharged from a second gas supply/discharge port 36, and the volume of the second gas space in the bag-like isolation film 20 is reduced, whereby the volume of the first gas space 30 is increased; the second gas is supplied from the second gas supply/discharge port 36 into the second gas space 31 and the volume of the bag-like isolation film 20 is increased, whereby the volume of the first gas space 30 is reduced.
An amount of atmospheric emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced by a method for producing a synthetic fuel including a gasification step G of gasifying waste by reacting it with oxygen and water at a high temperature, a carbon dioxide separation step S of separating carbon dioxide from a gasified gas G1 produced in the step G and an FT synthesis step FT of producing the synthetic fuel by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis from a synthetic gas G2 from which carbon dioxide has been separated in the step S, the method for producing a synthetic fuel further including a carbon dioxide electrolysis step E of electrolyzing the carbon dioxide separated in the step S to produce an electrolyzed gas G3 containing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide and a methanol synthesis step M of reacting the electrolyzed gas G3 produced in the step E with hydrogen to produce methanol.
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
To provide a metal recovery method that has a low environmental impact and that can achieve metal recovery at low cost and with high efficiency. A metal recovery method including: mixing a liquid containing a metal ion with a yeast to adsorb the metal ion by the yeast in the resulting mixed liquid; separating the yeast from the mixed liquid obtained in the adsorption process; and recovering the metal ion from the yeast separated in the separation process, wherein the metal ion to be adsorbed by the yeast in the adsorption process is a rare earth ion and/or a precious metal ion.
Provided is a urea production method having a relatively high urea synthesis rate and relatively low energy consumption. The urea production method according to the present invention comprises: a carbon dioxide separation step for obtaining a rich liquid 11 by absorbing and separating a gas 10 containing carbon dioxide into a lean liquid 20, which is an absorption liquid; a rich liquid stripping step for obtaining a gas 21 containing carbon dioxide at a high concentration by stripping the rich liquid 11; a high pressure absorption step for obtaining a carbamate liquid 25 by using the gas 21; and a urea synthesis step for using the carbamate liquid 25 as a part of a raw material.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C07C 273/10 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds combined with the synthesis of ammonia
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
11.
UREA SYNTHESIS APPARATUS, UREA SYNTHESIS METHOD, AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING EXISTING UREA SYNTHESIS APPARATUS
The present invention provides a urea synthesis apparatus with which it is possible to facilitate maintenance of the apparatus, designing and manufacturing of the apparatus, and/or to promote a urea reaction. The present invention specifically provides a urea synthesis apparatus for producing urea by reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide with each other, the urea synthesis apparatus comprising a first urea synthesis tube (R1), a second urea synthesis tube (R2), a condenser (C), a stripper (S) and a means (E) for supplying a first urea synthesis liquid. The condenser (C) is a device for obtaining a condensate liquid by circulating a process fluid in a tube (Ct) and cooling the process fluid with a cooling medium circulating on the shell (Cs) side to condense a mixed gas in an absorption medium, and is a device that is separate from the first urea synthesis tube (R1) and the second urea synthesis tube (R2). The first urea synthesis tube (R1) is a device for obtaining the first urea synthesis liquid from the condensate liquid obtained by the condenser (C), and the second urea synthesis tube (R2) is a device for obtaining a second urea synthesis liquid from the first urea synthesis liquid.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
B01J 10/00 - Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particlesApparatus specially adapted therefor
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
B01J 19/26 - Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
12.
REACTOR AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING AMMONIA DECOMPOSITION MIXTURE USING THE SAME
The present invention provides a radial flow reactor with less uneven temperature even when an endothermic reaction is performed, small pressure loss, and easy maintainability as well, and also provides a method for producing an ammonia decomposition mixture using the same. The reactor according to the present invention is a so-called radial flow reactor having a cylindrical reaction vessel disposed in an upright position and a reaction region inside the reaction vessel, in which a chemical reaction is performed, wherein the reaction region has a catalyst member, having a heating part that generates heat by being energized and a catalyst disposed to be heated by the heating part, which is concentrically disposed in a cross-section perpendicular to an axial direction of the reaction vessel.
C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
Provided is a urea granulating method by which urea particles having stable quality can be obtained. The present invention relates to a urea granulating method using a urea granulation tower having: an exhaust port provided at the top thereof; a molten urea spray section; a plurality of air intake ports; and a recovery section for granulated urea particles. In the urea granulation tower, the molten urea spray section is positioned at the upper side of the urea granulation tower, the plurality of air intake ports are positioned at the lower side of the urea granulation tower, the recovery section is positioned at the bottom of the tower below the air intake ports, and the plurality of air intake ports are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. The urea granulating method according to the present invention comprises a step for forming urea particles by spraying molten urea inside the urea granulation tower and cooling and solidifying the molten urea by taking in, from the air intake ports, air at the ambient temperature of the urea granulation tower from the bottom to the top, wherein the inside of the urea granulation tower is heated by supplying, in addition to the air at the ambient temperature, heated air at a temperature higher than the ambient temperature.
B01J 2/02 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
C07C 273/14 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
An amount of atmospheric emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced by a method for producing a synthetic fuel including a gasification step G of gasifying waste by reacting it with oxygen and water at a high temperature, a carbon dioxide separation step S of separating carbon dioxide from a gasified gas G1 produced in the step G, an FT synthesis step FT of producing the synthetic fuel by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis from a synthetic gas G2 produced in the step S and a carbon dioxide electrolysis step E of electrolyzing the carbon dioxide separated in the step S to produce an electrolyzed gas G3 containing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, the electrolyzed gas G3 produced in the carbon dioxide electrolysis step E being supplied to the carbon dioxide separation step S such that carbon dioxide is separated from the gasified gas G1 and the electrolyzed gas G3.
C07C 1/04 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
JAPAN AGENCY FOR MARINE-EARTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Japan)
TOYO ENGINEERING CORPORATION (Japan)
NUSTAR TECHNOLOGIES PTE LTD (Singapore)
Inventor
Miyazaki Eigo
Akiyama Keita
Kyo Masanori
Sawada Ikuo
Kawamura Yoshihisa
Soon Giap Wei
Ip Richard
Lim Terence
Teo Sim Guan
Goi Kim Kok
Abstract
The present invention comprises a male-type connector (30) which is provided to a lower end of a pipe, a female-type connector (40) which is removably connected to the lower end of the male-type connector (30) and to a lower end of which is connected a drilling blade (11), and a housing which houses the male-type connector (30) and the female-type connector (40). The male-type connector (30) has a torque transmission part (31) that transmits rotational torque to the female-type connector (40). The female-type connector (40) has a torque transmission receiving part that is capable of receiving transmission of torque from the torque transmission part and a first holding mechanism that removably holds the male-type connector (30) in a manner so as to prevent vertical movement. Provided to the housing is a second holding mechanism (70) that removably holds the female-type connector (40) in a manner so as to prevent vertical movement. In a state where the male-type connector (30) and the female-type connector (40) are connected by the first holding mechanism, the male-type connector (30) and the female-type connector (40) which are integrally connected are provided in a manner enabling rotation thereof when the torque transmission part and the torque transmission receiving part are connected and the second holding mechanism (70) is released.
JAPAN AGENCY FOR MARINE-EARTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Japan)
TOYO ENGINEERING CORPORATION (Japan)
NUSTAR TECHNOLOGIES PTE LTD (Singapore)
Inventor
Miyazaki Eigo
Akiyama Keita
Kyo Masanori
Sawada Ikuo
Kawamura Yoshihisa
Chin Boon Seng
Lee Chia Hwee
Seneviratne Chamal Jayanath
Teo Sim Guan
Goi Kim Kok
Abstract
The present invention comprises: a packer assembly (20) through which a drill pipe (10) is inserted and has a packer main body (30) that holds the drill pipe (10) in close contact with a peripheral surface of the drill pipe (10); the drill pipe (10); a packer casing (40) through which the packer assembly (20) is inserted and rotatably supports the packer assembly (20) at a predetermined fixed position in a liquid-tight manner; and a packer drive unit (50) which is provided outside the packer casing (40) and applies driving pressure to the packer main body (30). The packer assembly (20) is provided with a first flow channel through which a fluid (V) that transmits a pressing force for pressing the packer main body (30) toward the drill pipe side is circulated. The packer casing (40) is provided with a second flow channel (44) which communicates with the packer drive unit (50) and the first flow channel and is configured such that he fluid (V) is caused to flow in the second flow channel (44) and the first flow channel by the driving pressure of the packer drive unit (50).
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
To provide a process for separating hydrocarbons capable of recovering ethane or propane, including improved cold heat recovery enabling a reduction in compressor power. A process for separating hydrocarbons, in which a residual gas enriched with methane or ethane and a heavy fraction enriched with a lower volatile hydrocarbon are separated, includes: a) partially condensing the feed gas by cooling using the residual gas and another refrigerant as a refrigerant, followed by vapor-liquid separation; b) depressurizing and supplying the liquid obtained from step (a) to the distillation column; c) expanding a part or all of the gas obtained from step (a) by an expander to cause partial condensation, followed by vapor-liquid separation; d) feeding the liquid obtained from step (c) to the distillation column after using it as the further refrigerant in step (a); e) feeding a part or all of the gas obtained from step (c) to the distillation column; and f) obtaining the residual gas from the top of the distillation column and the heavy fraction from the bottom of the distillation column.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
Provided is a rare earth element recovery method having low environmental impact and being capable of efficiently recovering a rare earth element at low cost. The rare earth element recovery method includes: an adsorption step for mixing a rare earth ion-containing liquid and torula yeast, and obtaining a mixed liquid in which rare earth ions are adsorbed on the torula yeast under acidic conditions; a separation step for separating the torula yeast from the mixed liquid obtained in the adsorption step; and a recovery step for recovering the rare earth ions from the torula yeast separated in the separation step.
This distillation device comprises: a batch-type distillation column; a reboiler that performs heating in order to evaporate a liquid, which is a process fluid supplied to the distillation column, to form vapor; a volumetric compressor that causes a fluid for heating the liquid to flow in so as to raise the pressure and temperature of the fluid and supply the fluid to the reboiler; a condenser for condensing column top vapor of the distillation column to form a condensate; a distillate vent part for venting the condensate condensed by the condenser; and a column bottom liquid venting part that vents a residual liquid inside the distillation column. The compressor has an actual volume flow rate adjustment mechanism for changing the actual volume flow rate of the fluid the pressure and temperature of which is increased by the compressor in accordance with a change in the heating temperature required by the reboiler during operation of the distillation device.
This distillation method comprises: a supply step in which a liquid that is a process fluid is supplied to a batch distillation tower; a pressure-heating step in which a fluid for heating the liquid is pressure-heated by a compressor and supplied to a reboiler; a heating step in which heat exchange is performed between the liquid supplied to the distillation tower and the pressure-heated fluid, the liquid is heated to obtain an overhead vapor, and the fluid is condensed; a condensation step in which the heating in the heating step feeds the overhead vapor to a condenser and the overhead vapor is condensed by heat exchange to produce a condensate; a distillate extraction step in which the condensate is extracted; and a bottoms extraction step in which distillation residue in the distillation tower is extracted. The distillation method further comprises a pressure adjustment step in which the pressure of the distillation tower is adjusted so as to realize the distillation of the liquid through heating by a heat pump that operates, in the pressure-heating step, in a smaller temperature elevation range.
Provided are a granule treatment method and treatment device capable of stably granulating granules that are uniformly dried to a desired level and that have a desired granule size, by supplying heated seed granules to a granulation process (gr) to improve the uniformity of the temperature in a granulation device (GR). The present invention includes a granule treatment method including: a seed granule adjustment step (sc) for forming a fluidized bed of seed granules and preheating the seed granules in the fluidized bed by supplying, from below, a preheating gas via a line 16 to the seed granules; and a granulation step (gr) for supplying, via a line 1, the seed granules heated in the seed granule adjustment step (sc), and granulating same by coating, under a high temperature environment, the surface of the seed granules with a coating substance. The present invention also includes a seed granule adjustment device (SC) and a granulation device (GR), or a seed granule adjustment/granulation device (SC/GR), for carrying out the foregoing steps.
B01J 2/16 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
The present invention provides a duplex stainless steel material which has excellent intergranular corrosion resistance. A duplex stainless steel material according to the present disclosure is composed of, in mass%, 0.030% or less of C, 0.50% or less of Si, 2.00% or less of Mn, 0.040% or less of P, 0.0010% or less of S, 26.0% to 28.0% of Cr, 6.0% to 10.0% of Ni, 0.20% to 1.70% of Mo, more than 2.00% but not more than 3.00% of W, more than 0.30% but not more than 0.40% of N, 0.020% or less of O and 0.050% or less of Al, with the balance being made up or Fe and impurities; and if the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction of three rectangular regions thereof are respectively defined as direction L and direction T, and five line segments that divide each region into six equal parts in direction L are defined as line segments LS, the average thickness TF of ferrites overlapping with 15 line segments LS is 2.50 µm to 4.50 µm, the sample standard deviation ∆TF of the ferrite thickness is 0.50 µm or less, and the average thickness TA of austenites overlapping with the line segments LS is 2.50 µm to 4.50 µm.
C21D 8/00 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
C21D 9/08 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
C22C 38/58 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
24.
COMPRESSED AIR STORAGE CONTAINER, AND COMPRESSED AIR STORAGE DEVICE INCLUDING SAID COMPRESSED AIR STORAGE CONTAINER
The present invention provides a compressed air storage container that stores compressed air. This compressed air storage container includes: a vertically placed cylindrical container both ends of which are sealed; and a cylindrical isolating film. The cylindrical container includes a cylindrical side surface part, a ceiling surface part that closes an upper end of the cylindrical side surface part, and a bottom surface part that closes a lower end of the cylindrical side surface part. A first gas supply/discharge port is provided on the ceiling surface part side, and a second gas supply/discharge port is provided on the bottom surface part side. The cylindrical isolating film is suspended from the ceiling surface part of the cylindrical container in a state in which an opening on the upper end side is gathered into a single collection and sealed. An opening on the lower end side is open facing the bottom surface part. A peripheral part of the lower end opening of the cylindrical isolating film is fixed so as to closely contact the bottom surface part or the side surface part near the bottom surface part. Movement of gas is blocked and separated between an inside space surrounded by an inside surface of the cylindrical isolating film and the bottom surface part of the cylindrical container, and an outside space surrounded by the cylindrical container, an outside surface of the cylindrical isolating film, and the ceiling surface part of the cylindrical container.
A heat pump has an internal heat-absorbing section that receives heat and an internal heat-releasing section that releases heat. Heat is transferred between the internal heat-absorbing section and the internal heat-releasing section using a magnetic particle dispersion circulating between the internal heat-absorbing section and the internal heat-releasing section. The heat pump may include: an external heat-absorbing section in which a secondary working fluid receives heat from a heat-giving fluid; an external heat-releasing section in which the secondary working fluid releases heat to a heat-receiving fluid; and a circulation channel that allows the secondary working fluid to circulate.
A method for producing an acidic gas absorbent containing a compound represented by general formula (1), the method comprising a step for mixing: a composition mixture of an acidic gas and a compound represented by general formula (1); and at least one protic solvent selected from the group consisting of water and alcohols having 1-3 carbon atoms and optionally having a substituent group. [In general formula (1), R1-R4each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and X- represents an anion of a saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 2-6 carbon atoms.]
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
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aerospace engineering; research and development for others
in the field of material for industrial machines and
instruments; research and development for others in the
field of industrial machinery technology.
Heat pump 10 has heat-absorbing section 12 that receives heat from an outside and heat-releasing section 13 that releases heat to the outside, for transferring heat between heat-absorbing section 12 and heat-releasing sectioning 13 by reinforcing and reducing a magnetic field applied to a primary working fluid circulating between heat-absorbing section 12 and heat-releasing section 13, wherein the primary working fluid is magnetic particle dispersion 11 containing magnetic particles 11 dispersed in a dispersion medium.
[Problem] To provide an economical compressed air energy storage (CAES) method for effectively utilizing the volume space of an air storage unit in order to reduce equipment cost in CAES equipment. [Solution] An air storage unit 300 is formed by a plurality of containers 301, and a film having a shape-changeable space is disposed inside in each container. A buffer gas is filled in advance into a space on one surface side of the film inside each container in an air compression step, air is stored in a space on the other surface side of the film, the buffer gas is converted into a fluid having reduced volume to increase the air quantity stored in the space on the other surface side of the film, and this fluid is heated and vaporized in an air expansion step to reduce the air quantity remaining on the space on the other surface side of the film. The usable volume of air storage unit space is expanded in this manner, which makes it possible to increase the net air storage amount in the internal space of each container 301.
F02C 1/02 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being an unheated pressurised gas
F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
Clamping device 20 is a clamping device for clamping and fixing core 10, whose interior is divided into multiple flow channels F1, F2 by plates 11 that are stacked, of stacked heat exchanger 1 in stacking direction Z of plates 11, including: two end plates 21, 22 placed on both sides of core 10 in stacking direction Z; connecting member 23 connecting two end plates 21, 22 to keep two end plates 21, 22 apart by a distance greater than a length of core 10 in stacking direction Z; and bolts 24 inserted respectively into thread through-holes 21a, 22a formed on each of end plates 21, 22 for pressing core 10 in stacking direction Z.
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
F28F 3/08 - Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
31.
UREA PRODUCTION METHOD AND UREA PRODUCTION APPARATUS
Disclosed is a urea production method and a urea production apparatus with which hydrogen and oxygen are generated by electrolysis of water in an electrolysis unit (E), nitrogen is separated from air and recovered in an air separation unit (A), ammonia is synthesized in an ammonia synthesis unit (N) using the hydrogen from the electrolysis unit (E) and the nitrogen from the air separation unit (A) as starting materials, carbon dioxide is generated by combusting fuel in an oxygen combustion unit (O) using at least the oxygen from the electrolysis unit (E), and urea is synthesized in a urea synthesis unit (U) using the carbon dioxide and ammonia as starting materials.
C07C 273/10 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds combined with the synthesis of ammonia
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
Disclosed is a urea synthesis method in which a urea synthetic liquid produced in a urea synthesis tower A is brought into contact, under heat, with at least a part of raw material carbon dioxide in a stripper C, separated mixed gas is introduced to a condenser B and condensed, and then the condensed liquid is circulated to the urea synthesis tower A, wherein the oxygen supply concentration for the raw material carbon dioxide is 100-2000 ppm, the urea synthesis pressure in the urea synthesis tower A is 125-145 bar, the urea synthesis temperature is 175°C-190°C, N/C is 3.5-4.0, and H/C is no more than 0.70.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Advertising and promotion services and consultancy related thereto; business management analysis and business consultancy; marketing research and analysis; business consulting services; business information services; business project management services for construction projects; business management and administration; business appraisals; providing information concerning commercial sales; procurement of contracts for the purchase and sale of goods and services; sponsorship search; business investigation, business planning or provision of business information relating to start-up of business of others; consultancy and advisory services relating to personnel placement, recruitment and management; import-export agency services; providing commercial information and advice for consumers in the choice of products and services; copying of documents; filing of documents or magnetic tapes being office functions; providing business assistance to others in the operation of data processing apparatus namely, computers, typewriters, telex machines and other similar office machines.
(2) Construction and renovation of buildings; construction and renovation of port; construction and renovation of air ports; construction and renovation of roads; construction and renovation of bridges; machinery installation; construction of chemical or petrochemical plants, electric power plants, wind power plants, wave energy power plants, geothermal power plants, nuclear power plants, oil plants, natural gas plant, iron or steel manufacturing plants, nonferrous metal manufacturing plants, metal processing plants, machine-manufacturing plants, fiber or textile manufacturing plants, food and beverage processing plants, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, telecommunication facilities, environment and sanitation related facilities, mining plants, receiving, storage, and offloading facilities, district air conditioning system, automatic warehouses, pipelines and aerospace facilities; construction; construction consultancy; building construction supervision; repair and maintenance of building equipment; repair or maintenance of chemical or petrochemical plants, electric power plants, wind power plants, wave energy power plants, geothermal power plants, nuclear power plants, oil plants, natural gas plant, iron or steel manufacturing plants, nonferrous metal manufacturing plants, metal processing plants, machine-manufacturing plants, fiber or textile manufacturing plants, food and beverage processing plants, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, communication plants, environment and sanitation related plants, mining plants, storing and transporting facility plants, district air conditioning installations, automatic warehouses, pipelines and aerospace facilities; repair or maintenance of loading-unloading machines and apparatus.
(3) Architectural design; surveying; geological surveys or research; design of chemical or petrochemical plants, electric power plants, wind power plants, wave energy power plants, geothermal power plants, nuclear power plants, oil plants, natural gas plant, iron or steel manufacturing plants, nonferrous metal manufacturing plants, metal processing plants, machine-manufacturing plants, fiber or textile manufacturing plants, food and beverage processing plants, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, telecommunication facilities, environment and sanitation related facilities, mining plants, receiving, storage, and offloading facilities, district air conditioning system, automatic warehouses, pipelines and aerospace facilities; engineering services for the construction of chemical or petrochemical plants, electric power plants, wind power plants, wave energy power plants, geothermal power plants, nuclear power plants, oil plants, natural gas plant, iron or steel manufacturing plants, nonferrous metal manufacturing plants, metal processing plants, machine-manufacturing plants, fiber or textile manufacturing plants, food and beverage processing plants, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, telecommunication facilities, environment and sanitation related facilities, mining plants, receiving, storage, and offloading facilities, district air conditioning system, automatic warehouses, pipelines and aerospace facilities; plant engineering; technical consultation in the field of aerospace engineering; engineering consultancy services; industrial design; technology advice, namely, technological consultancy in the fields of machines, apparatus, instruments and systems composed of such machines, used in generating power in electric power plants, generating power in nuclear power plants, telecommunication in telecommunication facilities, oil production, natural gas production, chemical and petrochemical production, iron and steel manufacturing, nonferrous metal manufacturing, fiber or textile manufacturing, metal processing, food and beverage processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, machine-manufacturing, environmental remediation and sanitization, air conditioning systems, receiving, storage, and offloading of goods, automatic warehousing, pipelines, mining plants, telecommunications systems and computer systems, that require high levels of personal knowledge, skill or experience of the operators to meet the required accuracy in operating them; design, installation, maintenance and repair of computer software; design, creation and programming of web pages; monitoring of computer system operation by remote access; electronic data storage; rental of computer hardware and computer software; provision of online non-downloadable software being application service provider; computer system analysis; research and development services in the field of chemistry; technical project planning in the field of engineering; research and development services in the field of engineering; research and development for others in the field of construction and urban planning; testing and research services in the field of preventing pollution; technical consultancy in the field of environmental science; scientific research in the field of energy; testing and research services relating to machines, apparatus and instruments; testing, technological inspection or research for others in the field of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, foods and beverages; testing, technological inspection or research for others of industrial machines and apparatus; research and development for others in the field of innovative industrial technology; testing, technological inspection or research for others in the field of agriculture, livestock breeding or the marine products industry; research and development for others in the field of space development technology; technological consultancy in the field of aerospace engineering; research and development for others in the field of material for industrial machines and instruments; research and development for others in the field of industrial machinery technology.
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
business management analysis and business consultancy; business consulting services; business information services; business project management services for construction projects; business management and administration; business appraisals; sponsorship search; business investigation, business planning and provision of business information relating to start-up of business of others; copying of documents; office functions in the nature of filing of documents or magnetic tapes; providing business office functions assistance to others in the operation of data processing apparatus, namely, computers, typewriters, teleprinters, and other similar office machines Construction and renovation of buildings; construction and renovation of naval ports, commercial ports, industrial ports, fishing ports, and ferry ports; construction and renovation of airports; construction and renovation of roads; construction and renovation of bridges; machinery installation; construction of chemical or petrochemical plants, electric power plants, wind power plants, wave energy power plants, geothermal power plants, nuclear power plants, oil plants, natural gas plant, iron or steel manufacturing plants, nonferrous metal manufacturing plants, metal processing plants, machine-manufacturing plants, fiber or textile manufacturing plants, food and beverage processing plants, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, telecommunication facilities, environment and sanitation related facilities, mining plants, receiving, storage, and offloading facilities, district air conditioning systems, automatic warehouses, pipelines and aerospace facilities; construction; construction consultancy; building construction supervision; repair of building equipment; maintenance of building equipment; repair and maintenance of chemical or petrochemical plants, electric power plants, wind power plants, wave energy power plants, geothermal power plants, nuclear power plants, oil plants, natural gas plant, iron or steel manufacturing plants, nonferrous metal manufacturing plants, metal processing plants, machine-manufacturing plants, fiber or textile manufacturing plants, food and beverage processing plants, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, communication plants, environment and sanitation related facilities, mining plants, receiving, storage and offloading facilities, district air conditioning system, automatic warehouses, pipelines and aerospace facilities; repair or maintenance of loading-unloading machines and apparatus Architectural design; surveying; geological surveys and research; design of chemical or petrochemical plants, electric power plants, wind power plants, wave energy power plants, geothermal power plants, nuclear power plants, oil plants, natural gas plant, iron or steel manufacturing plants, nonferrous metal manufacturing plants, metal processing plants, machine-manufacturing plants, fiber or textile manufacturing plants, food and beverage processing plants, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, telecommunication facilities, environment and sanitation related facilities, mining plants, receiving, storage, and offloading facilities, district air conditioning systems, automatic warehouses, pipelines and aerospace facilities; engineering services for the construction of chemical or petrochemical plants, electric power plants, wind power plants, wave energy power plants, geothermal power plants, nuclear power plants, oil plants, natural gas plant, iron or steel manufacturing plants, nonferrous metal manufacturing plants, metal processing plants, machine-manufacturing plants, fiber or textile manufacturing plants, food and beverage processing plants, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, telecommunication facilities, environment and sanitation related facilities, mining plants, receiving, storage, and offloading facilities, district air conditioning system, automatic warehouses, pipelines and aerospace facilities; plant engineering; technical consultation in the field of aerospace engineering; engineering consultancy services; industrial design; technology advice, namely, technological consultancy in the fields of machines, apparatus, instruments and systems composed of such machines, used in generating power in electric power plants, generating power in nuclear power plants, telecommunication in telecommunication facilities, oil production, natural gas production, chemical and petrochemical production, iron and steel manufacturing, nonferrous metal manufacturing, fiber or textile manufacturing, metal processing, food and beverage processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, machine-manufacturing, environmental remediation and sanitization, air conditioning systems, receiving, storage, and offloading of goods, automatic warehousing, pipelines, mining plants, telecommunications systems and computer systems, that require high levels of personal knowledge, skill or experience of the operators to meet the required accuracy in operating them; design, installation, maintenance and repair of computer software; design, creation and computer programming of web pages; monitoring of computer system operation by remote access; electronic data storage; rental of computer hardware and computer software for data processing, telecommunication, mechanical operation, logistics and inventory management; providing online non-downloadable software in the fields of data processing, telecommunication, mechanical operation, logistics and inventory management for use by application service providers; computer system analysis; research and development services in the field of chemistry; technical project planning in the field of civil engineering; research and development services in the field of engineering; research and development for others in the field of construction and urban planning; testing and research services in the field of preventing pollution; technical consultancy in the field of environmental science; scientific research in the field of energy; testing and research services relating to product development of machines, apparatus and instruments that make up or are to be used in plants; testing, technological inspection and research for others in the field of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, foods and beverages; testing, technological inspection and research for others of industrial machines and apparatus; research and development for others in the field of innovative industrial technology; testing, technological inspection and research for others in the field of agriculture, livestock breeding and the marine products industry; research and development for others in the field of space development technology; technological consultancy in the field of aerospace engineering; research and development for others in the field of material for industrial machines and instruments; research and development for others in the field of industrial machinery technology
35.
DESIGN ASSISTANCE DEVICE, DESIGN ASSISTANCE METHOD, AND PROGRAM
This design assistance device (10) acquires space information and a condition for forming a member; retrieves combinations of components satisfying the acquired condition from a database (20); displays, on a display device, a display screen showing the combinations of the retrieved components; determines an arrangement of components in the member on the basis of the space information and the shape and dimensions of each of the components constituting a combination selected from the combinations displayed on the display device; and displays, on the display device, information indicating the determined arrangement.
G06F 30/13 - Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
Redox flow battery 1 include cell frame 20 having recess 21, 22, at least one sheet-like electrode 11, 13 received in recess 21, 22, membrane 15 stacked on cell frame 20 to cover recess 21, 22, and bipolar current collecting member 40 penetrating cell frame 20 at recess 21, 22 and electrically connected to at least one electrode 11, 13, wherein cell frame 20 has flow channels 31-38 communicating with recess 21, 22 so as to allow a fluid containing an active material to flow through recess 21, 22 parallel to membrane 15, and wherein at least one electrode 11, 13 is disposed in recess 21, 22 at an angle where at least one electrode 11, 13 intersects membrane 15.
H01M 8/0258 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
37.
Fluidized bed granulator or fluidized bed/spouted bed granulator
A fluidized bed or fluidized bed/spouted bed granulator into which urea seed particles, an aqueous urea solution and air are introduced to produce urea particles with an average particle size of 1 mm or more. The granulator includes a box-shaped granulation chamber with a bottom floor, a top and side surfaces. Inner wall surfaces of the chamber are of a metal plate material, an upper part of the side or top surfaces includes an exhaust outlet, the side surfaces or top surface includes an inlet for introducing the seed particles, the side surfaces include a collection port for the particles, the aqueous urea solution is introduced from the bottom floor or the side surfaces, the air is introduced from the bottom floor or the bottom floor and the side surfaces, and at least a portion of the inner wall surfaces of the granulation chamber is treated by surface roughening.
B01J 2/16 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
A redox flow battery 1 comprises a plurality of battery cells 10 stacked in a first direction Z. Each of the battery cells 10 comprises: a positive electrode cell 11 that includes a sheet-like positive electrode 14, and is configured to circulate a positive fluid containing a positive active material in a second direction X perpendicular to the first direction Z; a negative electrode cell 12 that includes a sheet-like negative electrode 15, and is configured to circulate a negative fluid containing a negative active material in the second direction X; and a separation membrane 13 that separates the positive electrode cell 11 and the negative electrode cell 12. The separation membrane 13 extends between the positive electrode cell 11 and the negative electrode cell 12 in the second direction X while meandering in the first direction Z, and the positive electrode 14 and the negative electrode 15 are disposed in the positive electrode cell 11 and the negative electrode cell 12, respectively, such that the positive electrode 14 and the negative electrode 15 at least partly face each other with the separation membrane 13 therebetween in the second direction X.
H01M 8/18 - Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
H01M 8/0258 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
39.
REACTOR AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING AMMONIA DECOMPOSITION MIXTURE USING SAME
The present invention provides: a radial flow-type reactor in which temperature unevenness is less likely to occur even when an endothermic reaction is performed, pressure loss is small, and maintenance work is easily performed; and a method for producing an ammonia decomposition mixture using the same. A reactor according to the present invention is a so-called radial flow-type reactor and has: a cylindrical reaction vessel that is vertically disposed; and a reaction region for performing a chemical reaction in the reaction vessel, wherein, in the reaction region, catalyst members, each of which has a heater part that generates heat by energization and a catalyst that is disposed so as to be heated by the heater part, are concentrically arranged in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the reaction vessel.
C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
B01J 23/46 - Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
A synthetic fuel production method comprises a gasification step G in which waste is gasified as a result of being reacted with oxygen and water at high temperature, a carbon dioxide separation step S in which carbon dioxide is separated from the gasified gas G1 produced in step G, and an FT synthesis step FT in which a synthetic fuel is produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis from a synthetic gas G2 from which the carbon dioxide was separated in step S, said production method for synthetic fuel further comprising a carbon dioxide electrolysis step E in which an electrolytic gas G3 including carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is produced by electrolyzing the carbon dioxide separated in step S, and a methanol synthesis step M in which methanol is produced by reacting the electrolytic gas G3 produced in step E with hydrogen. This synthetic fuel production method enables a reduction in the amount of carbon dioxide discharged into the atmosphere.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
A synthetic fuel production method comprises a gasification step G in which waste is gasified as a result of being reacted with oxygen and water at high temperature, a carbon dioxide separation step S in which carbon dioxide is separated from the gasified gas G1 produced in step G, an FT synthesis step FT in which a synthetic fuel is produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis from a synthetic gas G2 from which carbon dioxide was separated in step S, and a carbon dioxide electrolysis step E in which an electrolytic gas G3 including carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is produced by electrolyzing the carbon dioxide separated in step S, wherein the electrolytic gas G3 produced in step E is supplied to the carbon dioxide separation step S and carbon dioxide is separated from the gasified gas G1 and the electrolytic gas G3. This synthetic fuel production method enables a reduction in the amount of carbon dioxide discharged into the atmosphere.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
Provided is a metal recovering method that has a low environmental load and that can efficiently achieve recovery of metal at a low cost. A metal recovering method comprising: an adsorption step for mixing yeast with a liquid containing metal ions and causing the metal ions to be adsorbed to the yeast in the obtained mixture solution; an isolation step for isolating the yeast from the mixture solution obtained in the adsorption step; and a recover step for recovering metal ions from the yeast isolated in the isolation step, wherein the metal ions to be adsorbed to the yeast in the adsorption step are rare-earth element ions and/or noble metal ions.
The present invention comprises: a heat pump (10) that is provided with an internal heat absorption part (12) for receiving heat and an internal heat dissipation part (13) for releasing heat, and transfers heat between the internal heat absorption part (12) and the internal heat dissipation part (13) using magnetic particle dispersion liquid (11) that circulates between the internal heat absorption part (12) and the internal heat dissipation part (13); an external heat absorption part (23) where a secondary working fluid (21) receives heat from a heating fluid (2); an external heat dissipation part (24) where the secondary working fluid (21) releases heat to a heat-receiving fluid (3); and a circulation path (20) where the secondary working fluid (21) circulates, and receives heat from the heating fluid (2) at the external heat absorption part (23), and then receives the heat released from the internal heat dissipation part (13), and then releases heat to the heat-receiving fluid (3) at the external heat dissipation part (24), and then releases heat to the magnetic particle dispersion liquid (11) at the internal heat absorption part (12), and then receives heat again from the heating fluid (2) at the external heat absorption part (23).
2 from the solution to obtain a solution higher in urea concentration than the solution obtained in the synthesizing; with use of a submerged condenser including a shell and tube heat exchange structure including a U-tube, absorbing and condensing at least a part of the gaseous mixture in an absorption medium on a shell side, and generating steam on a tube side with use of heat generated during the condensation; and recycling at least a part of liquid, obtained from the shell side, to the synthesizing, wherein water is supplied to the tube side of the condenser at a mass flow rate that is three times or more of the steam generation rate.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
A chute tube for facilitating particle transfer and distribution. The chute tube for transferring particles has a charging chute tube with a charge inlet of particles, a discharging chute tube and an intermediate chute tube slantingly connected between the charging chute tube and the discharging chute tube. The intermediate chute tube includes a groove without steps formed by a combination of a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface, and the groove is of a cross-sectional shape corresponding to two adjacent sides of a triangle.
Provided is a novel process and a novel apparatus for urea production capable of performing heat recovery from a relatively low-temperature fluid. A process for urea production includes a synthesis step, a high-pressure decomposition step and a condensation step and includes a) a step of heat-exchanging steam condensate whose temperature is higher than 90° C. with another fluid to cool this steam condensate to 90° C. or less, b) a step of, by heat-exchanging the steam condensate obtained from the step a with a further fluid having a temperature lower than a temperature of the low-pressure steam, heating the steam condensate obtained from the step a, and c) a step of supplying the steam condensate obtained from the step b to the condensation step as the steam condensate for generating the low-pressure steam. An apparatus for performing the process.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
A heat pump 10 includes: a heat absorbing unit 12 that takes in heat from the outside; and a heat emitting unit 13 that emits heat to the outside. The heat pump applies/removes a magnetic field to/from a main working fluid that circulates between the heat absorbing unit 12 and the heat emitting unit 13, thereby causing heat to move between the heat absorbing unit 12 and the heat emitting unit 13. The main working fluid is a magnetic body particle dispersed fluid 11 in which magnetic body particles are dispersed in a solvent.
The present invention addresses the problem of providing a method in which it is possible to comfortably suppress a runaway reaction when a heat removal function is lost or depleted during continuous polymerization of a styrene-acrylonitrile-based copolymer. In this method for producing a styrene-acrylonitrile-based copolymer, a reaction liquid is obtained by carrying out copolymerization by continuously supplying a radical initiator and a monomer mixture liquid containing styrene and acrylonitrile to a polymerization reaction system including one or more complete mixing tank type reactors equipped with a heat removal means. The polymerization temperature falls within the range 100-160ºC. The proportion of a copolymer in the reaction liquid in the reactor falls within a specific range. The radical initiator includes at least one type of organic peroxide which has two or more peroxy groups in the molecule and has a 10-hour half-life decomposition temperature of 80-110ºC. The total added quantity (mass ratio) of the radical initiator falls within a specific range relative to the total quantity of monomers in the monomer mixture liquid.
A clamp device 20 sandwiches and fixes, in a stacking direction Z of a plurality of plates 11, a core section 10 of a stacked heat converter 1 where the interior thereof is partitioned into a plurality of channels F1, F2 by the stacked plurality of plates 11, the clamp device comprising: two end plates 21, 22 disposed on both sides, of the core section 10, in the stacking direction Z; a linking member 23 that links the two end plates 21, 22 and maintains the spacing between the two end plates 21, 22 at a spacing that is larger than the stacking-direction Z length of the core section 10; and a plurality of bolts 24 that are respectively inserted into penetrating screw-holes 21a, 22a formed in the respective end plates 21, 22, and that press the core section 10 in the stacking direction Z.
F16B 2/06 - Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening external, i.e. with contracting action
F28D 1/03 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
F28D 9/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the heat-exchange media travelling at an angle to one another
F28F 3/08 - Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
A redox flow cell 1 has at least one sheet-form electrode 11, 13, a cell frame 20 having recesses 21, 22 in which the at least one electrode 11, 13 is accommodated, a diaphragm 15 laminated on the cell frame 20 so as to close the recesses 21, 22, and a bipolar current collector 40 that penetrates through the cell frame 20 in the recesses 21, 22 and that is electrically connected to the at least one electrode 11, 13. The cell frame 20 has channels 31-38 communicating with the recesses 21, 22, the channels 31-38 channeling an active-material-containing fluid so that the fluid flows in the recesses 21, 22 parallel to the diaphragm 15. The at least one electrode 11, 13 is positioned in the recesses 21, 22 at an angle intersecting with the diaphragm 15.
H01M 8/0258 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
H01M 8/18 - Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
51.
FLUIDIZED BED-TYPE GRANULATION DEVICE, OR FLUIDIZED BED/ENTRAINED BED-TYPE GRANULATION DEVICE
Provided is a fluidized bed-type granulation device or a fluidized bed/entrained bed-type granulation device, into which seed particles of urea, an aqueous solution of urea, and air are introduced to generate urea particles having an average particle diameter of 1 mm or more. The granulation device includes a box-type granulation chamber constituted by a bottom bed, a ceiling part, and a side surface part. An inner wall surface of the granulation chamber is formed by a metal plate material. The granulation chamber includes: an exhaust port in an upper section of the side surface part or in the ceiling part; an introduction port for the seed particles of urea in the side surface part or in the ceiling part; and a recovery port for the urea particles in the side surface part. The aqueous solution of urea is introduced from the bottom bed or the side surface part, and air is introduced from the bottom bed or from the bottom bed and the side surface part. At least a part of the inner wall surface of the granulation chamber is subjected to surface roughening, and an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) (JISB0601:1994) of the uneven parts of the roughened surface is 0.35-5.0 μm and an average interval (S) (JISB0601:1994) between local peaks of the uneven parts is 2-300 μm.
B01J 2/04 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
52.
Method and device for estimating outer surface temperature of radiant coil of cracking furnace for ethylene production and ethylene producing device
A device for estimating an outer surface temperature of a radiant coil which is provided in an cracking furnace for ethylene production including a convection coil that preheats hydrocarbons as raw materials and steam, a radiant coil that thermally decomposes the preheated hydrocarbons and steam, and a housing for accommodating them, and which includes an imaging camera that images a region to be imaged of the radiant coil, and an image analyzer that processes an output signal from the imaging camera and estimates an outer surface temperature of the radiant coil.
There is provided a process and an apparatus for urea production in which preheating of raw material ammonia or heating in a medium-pressure decomposition step can be performed at a relatively low pressure while preventing decrease in an overall heat transfer coefficient. A process for urea production includes: a synthesis step of generating a urea synthesis solution; a high-pressure decomposition step of heating the urea synthesis solution to separate a gaseous mixture containing ammonia and carbon dioxide from the urea synthesis solution; a condensation step of condensing the gaseous mixture; a medium-low-pressure steam generation step of reducing a pressure of medium-pressure steam condensate obtained in the high-pressure decomposition step to a medium-low pressure to generate medium-low-pressure steam and medium-low-pressure steam condensate; and one or both of a medium-pressure decomposition step and an ammonia preheating step.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
[Problem to be solved] To provide a urea manufacturing method capable of inhibiting corrosion of a urea plant and enhancing a reaction yield.
[Problem to be solved] To provide a urea manufacturing method capable of inhibiting corrosion of a urea plant and enhancing a reaction yield.
[Solution] In a urea manufacturing plant, a method for manufacturing urea from manufacturing raw materials including NH3 and CO2, wherein the urea manufacturing plant includes a plurality of processing units including a reactor, a stripper and a condenser, and a plurality of lines, and the inner wall surfaces of the plurality of processing units and the plurality of lines are made of a stainless steel and at least some of the plurality of lines is made of an austenitic stainless steel, the urea manufacturing method including: forming a passivation film on the inner wall surfaces of the plurality of processing units and the plurality of lines by supplying CO2 of the manufacturing raw material with added oxygen; continuously measuring a wall thickness of the line made of the austenitic stainless steel; and adjusting a supply amount of the oxygen in response to a measurement value of the wall thickness to control a corrosion rate and a reaction yield of urea.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
B01J 19/02 - Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
55.
ETHYLENE GENERATING CRACKING FURNACE OPERATION ASSIST SYSTEM AND ETHYLENE PRODUCTION APPARATUS
An ethylene generating cracking furnace operation assist system (21) is provided with a storage server (22) and an analysis server (28). The analysis server (28) is provided with a surface temperature prediction unit (32), an input unit (44), and a case study unit (42). The surface temperature prediction unit (32) calculates the surface temperature of a radiation unit coil at an arbitrary future time using a coil surface temperature estimation model. The case study unit (42) performs, as a first function, a case study so as to maximize the amount of ethylene production in an operable period when a start time of decoking of the radiation unit coil has been preliminarily set through the input unit (44), and performs, as a second function, a case study so as to maximize the benefit until a limit time.
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
G05B 17/02 - Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems electric
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
A process for obtaining a product gas and product LNG having pressure P1 close to the atmospheric pressure from lean LNG, includes: a) branching the lean LNG to obtain a first flow and a second flow; b) cooling the second flow by using a refrigerant; c) branching a liquid flow derived from the cooled second flow to obtain refrigerant LNG and remaining LNG; d) subjecting the remaining LNG to pressure reduction and gas-liquid separation to obtain a gas phase flow and a liquid phase flow (product LNG) having pressure P1; e) subjecting the refrigerant LNG to pressure reduction; f) using a flow from the step e as the refrigerant; g) joining, before or after the step f, the gas phase flow having pressure P1 to a flow from the step e; h) liquefying a flow resulting from the steps f and g by pressure increase and cooling (through heat exchange with the first flow); i) increasing the first flow in pressure before the step h; j) obtaining the product gas by regasifying the first flow after the steps h and i; and k) joining a flow liquefied in the step h to the second flow.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
57.
REGENERATION SWITCHING TIMING ESTIMATION DEVICE, METHOD FOR OPERATING COMPUTER, AND PROGRAM
A plant (1) has at least one adsorption tank (20), a sensor group (40), and a regeneration switching timing estimation device (50). The adsorption tank 20 is a tank for removing a first component from a fluid to be treated, and contains an adsorbent therein. The adsorbent contained in the adsorption tank (20) is regenerated by regeneration treatment. The regeneration switching timing estimation device (50) sets an accumulation index amount indicating a timing for subjecting the adsorbent to regeneration treatment. The accumulation index amount is a condition based on a total flow rate of the first component treated using the adsorbent. The regeneration switching timing estimation device (50) sets the accumulation index amount using a total number of times of regeneration of the adsorbent.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
Diabatic distillation column 1 includes first and second cooling devices 11, 12 configured to indirectly cool fluid in rectifying section 2 with a circulating working fluid, first and second heating devices 21, 22 configured to indirectly heat fluid in stripping section 3 with the circulating working fluid, first compressor 31 configured to compress the working fluid from first cooling device 11 on first circulation path P11-P14 between first cooling device 11 and first heating device 21, second compressor 32 configured to compress the working fluid from second cooling device 12 on second circulation path P21-P24 between second cooling device 12 and second heating device 22, first expansion device 41 configured to expand the working fluid from first heating device 21 on first circulation path P11-P14, and second expansion device 42 configured to expand the working fluid from second heating device 22 on second circulation path P21-P24.
A processing-system monitoring device (50) is a device for monitoring a processing system (10), and includes an acquisition unit (510) and a processing unit (530). The processing system (10) is provided with a sensor group (40). The acquisition unit (510) acquires (as system information) a measurement value of the sensor group (40) and/or an operation amount of electronic equipment (20). The processing unit (530) adds a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the processing system (10) to a display screen of a display unit (540), and displays a graphic linked to a monitored part in the processing system (10) in a section corresponding to the monitored part or in the vicinity thereof. At such time, the processing unit (530) uses the result of processing the system information to determine whether to display the graphic and the size of the graphic.
A chute pipe is provided that can easily transport and distribute particles. The chute pipe for particle transportation has: a loading chute 10 that has a loading port 11 for particles; a discharge chute 35; and an intermediate chute 20 that diagonally connects between the loading chute 10 and the discharge chute 35. The intermediate chute 20 has a groove 23 not having steps and being formed from the combination of a first inclined plane 21 and a second inclined plane 22. The groove 23 has a cross-section in the shape of two adjacent sides of a triangle.
The redox flow battery comprises: a cell frame 20 comprising a frame body 21 and a bipolar plate 23, the frame body 21 being provided with a rectangular opening section 22 divided into a plurality of small openings 22a to 22c along a first direction X parallel to the longitudinal direction of the opening section 22, the bipolar plate 23 being divided into a plurality of regions 23a to 23c which form a plurality of recessed parts when the regions 23a to 23c are disposed in the small openings 22a to 22c respectively; and an electrode 11 divided into a plurality of regions 11a to 11c which are accommodated inside the recessed parts. Each of the plurality of small openings 22a to 22c has a rectangular shape having a length parallel to the first direction X.
H01M 8/0228 - Composites in the form of layered or coated products
H01M 8/0258 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
H01M 8/026 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
H01M 8/0265 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
H01M 8/0276 - Sealing means characterised by their form
H01M 8/1004 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
H01M 8/2428 - Grouping by arranging unit cells on a surface of any form, e.g. planar or tubular
H01M 8/2475 - Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
323 22 from the solution to obtain a solution higher in urea concentration than the solution obtained in the synthesizing; with use of a submerged condenser including a shell and tube heat exchange structure including a U-tube, absorbing and condensing at least a part of the gaseous mixture in an absorption medium on a shell side, and generating steam on a tube side with use of heat generated during the condensation; and recycling at least a part of liquid, obtained from the shell side, to the synthesizing, wherein water is supplied to the tube side of the condenser at a mass flow rate that is three times or more of the steam generation rate.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
Provided are a new urea production method and device that enable heat recovery from a fluid at a relatively low temperature. This urea production method includes a synthesis step, a high-pressure decomposition step, and a condensation step, and further includes a step a) for exchanging heat between a steam condensate at a temperature higher than 90°C and another fluid so as to be cooled to not more than 90°C, a step b) for heating the steam condensate from the step a by exchanging heat between the steam condensate from the step a and a yet another fluid at a temperature lower than the temperature of a low-pressure steam, and a step c) for supplying the steam condensate from the step b as a steam condensate for generating the low-pressure steam in the condensation step. This device is for performing said method.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
Redox flow battery 1 includes cell stack 2, first positive-electrode tank 11, second positive-electrode tank 12, first negative-electrode tank 21, and second negative-electrode tank 22. Cell stack 2 is divided into a plurality of cell groups 3, each of which consists of a plurality of cells 4. The plurality of cell groups 3 are connected to first and second positive-electrode tanks 11, 12 such that a positive-electrode fluid containing positive-electrode active material flows in parallel through the plurality of cell groups 3, and are connected to first and second negative-electrode tanks 21, 22 such that a negative-electrode fluid containing negative-electrode active material flows in parallel through the plurality of cell groups 3. The plurality of cells 4 in each cell group 3 are connected to each other such that the positive-electrode fluid flows in series through a plurality of positive cells 5 and such that the negative-electrode fluid flows in series through a plurality of negative cells 6.
[Problem] To provide a petroleum and natural gas production system with which it is possible to produce petroleum and natural gas smoothly. [Solution] A separator for separating petroleum and natural gas from other components from a fluid containing petroleum and natural gas is positioned, and a measurement section is positioned in part of the pipeline before the pipeline reaches the separator. The measurement section has: an observation pipe for observing sand in the fluid which contains petroleum and natural gas and which flows therein; an illumination unit for illuminating the interior of the observation pipe with visible light or infrared light; a camera unit for capturing images of the interior of the observation pipe; and an image processing unit for analyzing the images captured by the camera unit. The observation pipe replaces part of the pipeline which reaches the separator; and the illuminating unit and camera unit are arranged facing one another with an interval w1 not exceeding 100 mm therebetween, through which the fluid containing petroleum and natural gas can flow.
The present invention involves obtaining steam and steam condensate having relatively high utility value from low-pressure steam condensate generated when low-pressure steam is consumed in a purification step and/or a concentration step. A urea production method of the present invention comprises: a synthesis step; a high-pressure decomposition step; a condensation step; a purification step in which a urea synthesis solution is heated after the high-pressure decomposition step by using a portion of low-pressure steam generated in the condensation step as a heating source, thereby obtaining a low-pressure steam condensate and a urea synthesis solution having an increased urea concentration; a concentration step in which the urea synthesis solution is heated after the purification step using a separate portion of the low-pressure steam as a heating source, thereby obtaining a low-pressure steam condensate and a urea synthesis solution having an even greater urea concentration; and a step in which at least a portion of the low-pressure steam condensate obtained in the purification step and/or the concentration step is reduced in pressure, thereby generating a low-pressure steam condensate and a low-pressure steam.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
A closed loop refrigeration system using a gas hydrate having a temperature below 0° C. has: a first circulation loop extending through a gas hydrate formation device 1, an object 2 to be cooled and a separator 3 and back to the formation device 1 and including a gas hydrate line 10 for transporting a gas hydrate having a temperature below 0° C.; and a second circulation loop for gas extending through the formation device 1, a compressor 4, a cooler 5 and a decompressor 6 and back to the formation device 1, wherein an object to be transported in the first circulation loop is transported together with a liquid carrier.
F25B 25/02 - Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems
F25B 1/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
68.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ESTIMATING OUTER SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF RADIATING PORTION COIL OF ETHYLENE GENERATING CRACKING FURNACE, AND ETHYLENE PRODUCING DEVICE
This device for estimating the outer surface temperature of a radiating portion coil is provided in an ethylene generating cracking furnace (1) including a convection portion coil (8A) for preheating a hydrocarbon and steam, which are starting materials, the radiating portion coil (8B) which performs thermal cracking of the preheated hydrocarbon and steam, and a housing (2) accommodating the convection portion coil and the radiating portion coil, wherein the estimating device is equipped with: image capturing cameras (20) which capture images of an imaged region (60) of the radiating portion coil (8B); and an image analyzing device (22) which estimates the outer surface temperature of the radiating portion coil (8B) by processing output signals from the image capturing cameras (20).
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
G01J 5/48 - ThermographyTechniques using wholly visual means
A cell frame 20, having: a frame body 21 provided with an opening 22, the frame body 21 having a through hole 31, which penetrates the frame body 21 from one surface to the other surface in the periphery of the opening 22 and which channels a fluid containing an active material, and a groove-shaped slit 35, which is formed on the one surface or the other surface and which connects the through hole 31 and the opening 22; and a rotating body 40, which is made of an insulating material, accommodated in the slit 35, and made to rotate by a fluid flowing in the slit 35 between the through hole 31 and the opening 22.
H01M 8/18 - Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
H01M 8/0258 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
H01M 8/04 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
Provided are a method and device for manufacturing urea, whereby heating in a step for preheating or medium-pressure decomposition of starting material ammonia can be performed at a relatively low pressure while avoiding a decrease in the overall heat transfer coefficient. A method for manufacturing urea, including a synthesis step for generating a urea synthesis liquid, a high-pressure decomposition step for heating the urea synthesis liquid and separating a mixed gas including ammonia and carbon dioxide from the urea synthesis liquid, a condensation step for condensing the mixed gas, a medium-to-low pressure steam generating step for reducing the pressure of a medium-pressure steam condensate obtained in the high-pressure decomposition step to a medium-to-low pressure and forming medium-to-low-pressure steam and a medium-to-low-pressure stem condensate, and one or both of a medium-pressure decomposition step and an ammonia preheating step, wherein, in the medium-pressure decomposition step, the urea synthesis liquid processed in the high-pressure decomposition step is heated at a pressure lower than the pressure of the high-pressure decomposition step using the medium-to-low-pressure steam as a preheating source, and the ammonia supplied to the synthesis step is heated in the ammonia preheating step using the medium-to-low-pressure steam as a heating source.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
B01J 2/00 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
3222, which is a raw production material, thereby forming a passive film on the inner wall surfaces of the plurality of treatment devices and of the plurality of lines, and continuously measuring the thickness of the lines made of austenitic stainless steel and adjusting the amount of oxygen supplied in accordance with the measurement values for thickness, thereby controlling the rate of corrosion and the urea reaction yield.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
C23F 15/00 - Other methods of preventing corrosion or incrustation
A non-heat-insulated distillation column 1 has: first and second cooling devices 11, 12 which indirectly cool fluid within a concentration section 2 by means of a circulating operating fluid; first and second heating devices 21, 22 which indirectly heat fluid within a recovery section 3 by means of circulating operating fluid; a first compressor 31 which, in first circulation passages P11-P14 between the first cooling device 11 and the first heating device 21, compresses an operating fluid from the first cooling device 11; a second compressor 32 which, in second circulation passages P21-P24 between the second cooling device 12 and the second heating device 22, compresses an operating fluid from the second cooling device 12; a first expansion device 41 which, in the first circulation passages P11-P14, expands an operating fluid from the first heating device 21; and a second expansion device 42 which, in the second circulation passages P21-P24, expands an operating fluid from the second heating device 22.
Disclosed are: a treatment method comprising (1) a step in which an aqueous solution containing urea, ammonia and carbon dioxide is introduced into a first stripper (PCS1) and subjected to stripping, and the aqueous solution after stripping is introduced into a urea hydrolyzer (UHY), (2) a step in which urea in the aqueous solution is hydrolyzed in the urea hydrolyzer (UHY), and the aqueous solution after hydrolysis is introduced into a second stripper (PCS2), (3) a step in which the aqueous solution is subjected to stripping in the second stripper (PCS2), and (4) a step in which a part of the aqueous solution before being stripped in the first stripper (PCS1), and/or, a part of the aqueous solution after being stripped in the first stripper (PCS1) but before being hydrolyzed in the urea hydrolyzer (UHY) is introduced into an exhaust gas treatment equipment equipped with an ammonia scrubbing equipment (ASCR); and a treatment equipment therefor.
B01D 53/78 - Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
C01C 1/28 - Methods of preparing ammonium salts in general
C02F 1/02 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
C02F 1/20 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
C02F 1/66 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisationTreatment of water, waste water, or sewage pH adjustment
C07C 273/02 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds
B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
C02F 103/36 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the chemical industry not provided for in groups from the manufacture of organic compounds
75.
Apparatus for separation and recovery of hydrocarbons from LNG
Provided are an apparatus and a method for separation and recovery of propane and heavier hydrocarbons from LNG. The apparatus has, from the upstream side toward the downstream side of LNG supply, first column (3) equipped with first column overhead condenser (2), first column bottom reboiler (4) and side reboiler (5), and second column (14) equipped with second column overhead condenser (11) and second column bottom reboiler (15). The first column (3) separates methane and a part of ethane as an overhead vapor and separates remaining ethane and C3 or higher hydrocarbons as a bottom liquid. The second column (14) separates ethane as an overhead vapor and separates C3 or higher hydrocarbons as a bottom liquid.
C10G 5/06 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
C10G 5/04 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas with liquid absorbents
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
The claimed invention provides a method and an apparatus for separating hydrocarbons, wherein the method and the apparatus are used for separating a hydrocarbon having 3 or more carbon atoms including at least propane (hereinafter sometimes called “C3+ NGL”. NGL: Natural Gas Liquid) from liquefied natural gas (LNG).
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
This seal gas supply system supplies seal gas to a dry gas seal 4a of a compressor 4, the seal gas supply system comprising: a storage tank 1 for storing a liquid having substantially the same composition as that of a compressed gas discharged from the compressor 4; a boost device 5 which extracts and boosts the liquid stored in the storage tank 1; and a vaporization device 9 which vaporizes the liquid boosted by means of the boost device 5 to generate seal gas.
F04B 39/00 - Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups
This redox flow battery 1 has a cell stack 2, a first positive-electrode-side tank 11, a second positive-electrode-side tank 12, a first negative-electrode-side tank 21, and a second negative-electrode-side tank 22. The cell stack 2 is divided into a plurality of cell groups 3, each of which comprises a plurality of battery cells 4. The plurality of cell groups 3 are connected to the first and second positive-electrode-side tanks 11, 12 in such a manner as to cause a positive electrode fluid containing a positive electrode active material to flow through the cell groups 3 in parallel, and are connected to the first and second negative-electrode-side tanks 21, 22 in such a manner as to cause a negative electrode fluid containing a negative electrode active material to flow through the cell groups 3 in parallel. The battery cells 4 in each of the cell groups 3 are connected to each other in such a manner as to cause the positive electrode fluid to flow through a plurality of positive electrode cells 5 in series and to cause the negative electrode fluid to flow through a plurality of negative electrode cells 6 in series.
Provided is a circulation cooling/refrigeration system that uses a sub-zero gas hydrate. The circulation cooling/refrigeration system has: a first circulation line that includes a gas hydrate line 10 for transporting a sub-zero gas hydrate which passes through a gas hydrate production device 1, a cooling subject 2, and a separator 3, and returns to the production device 1; and a second circulation line for a gas that passes through the production device 1, a compressor 4, a cooler 5, and a decompression device 6, and returns to the production device 1. The transport subject in the first circulation line is transported together with the same liquid carrier.
A dust collection device (100) provided with: a housing (50); an outer cylinder (6) disposed in the interior of the housing (50) so as to allow fluid to be filtered to pass therethrough; an inner cylinder (8) placed inside the outer cylinder (6) so as to allow the fluid to be filtered to pass therethrough; numerous filtering elements (21) having a granular or indeterminate form and filling a fill space (20) formed between the outer cylinder (6) and inner cylinder (8); a suction inlet (1a) for guiding the fluid to be filtered into the interior of the housing (50); a discharge outlet (5a) for discharging the fluid filtered by means of contact with the filtering elements (21); a deposit opening (1b) for the filtering elements (21) to be deposited into the fill space (20) from above to fill same; and an ejection port (10a) for downwardly ejecting the filtering elements (21) filling the fill space (20).
When recovering and utilizing the urea and NH3 contained in a gas that contains urea dust and NH3 and has been discharged from a urea granulation step, an aqueous urea solution to be fed to the urea granulation step is prevented from suffering the precipitation of an ammonium salt while inhibiting the solution from increasing in water content. The method for granulating urea comprises: a granulation step in which granular solid urea is produced from a feed aqueous urea solution using air, a recovery step in which urea dust and NH3 are recovered, using an acid-containing aqueous solution, from the air discharged from the granulation step, thereby obtaining a recovery liquid containing urea and an ammonium salt, a salt concentration regulation step in which an aqueous urea solution having a lower ammonium salt concentration than the recovery liquid is mixed with the recovery liquid to regulate the ammonium salt concentration in the recovery liquid, a concentration step in which water contained in the liquid obtained in the salt concentration regulation step is vaporized to concentrate the liquid obtained in the salt concentration regulation step, thereby obtaining a concentrated recovery liquid, and a mixing step in which the concentrated recovery liquid is mixed with the feed aqueous urea solution, the concentrated recovery liquid being regulated so as to have an ammonium salt concentration of 7 mass% or less.
Method and apparatus that enable the more efficient manufacture of urea are provided. Before unreacted substances are removed from a urea synthesis solution obtained from a stripper, the urea synthesis solution is placed under pressure reduced from the synthesis pressure. Thus, a gas-liquid mixture is obtained. The gas-liquid mixture is heated with a decomposed gas from the stripper using a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and then introduced into a purification system. In the heating, the gas-liquid mixture is introduced into the shell of the heat exchanger while the decomposed gas is introduced into the tube side of the heat exchanger.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
83.
Urea manufacturing method and urea manufacturing apparatus
Provided are urea manufacturing method and apparatus, which can increase the conversion ratio into urea and to reduce the consumption of steam. The temperature of the reactor is increased by introducing the entire amount of raw material ammonia and introducing a portion of the decomposed gas from the stripper into the reactor. The raw material ammonia is preferably heated using the steam condensate generated in the purification step, and/or the steam generated by the heat of condensation of the decomposed gas and the unreacted substances in the condensation step. The heating temperature is preferably between 70 and 140° C.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
A chemical heat pump system 1 has: an endothermic unit 3 that houses a slurry including a product solid, absorbs heat supplied from the outside, and carries out an endothermic reaction at a first pressure P1; an exothermic unit 2 that houses a slurry including a reaction solid, and generates heat by carrying out an exothermic reaction at a second pressure P2 higher than the first pressure P1; a gas recovery supply unit 4 that recovers a reaction gas decomposed by the endothermic unit 3, and supplies the gas to the exothermic unit 2; and a circulation unit 5 that pressurizes the slurry including the reaction solid decomposed by the endothermic unit 3 from the first pressure P1 to the second pressure P2 and supplies the slurry to the exothermic unit 2, and that also depressurizes the slurry including the product solid produced by the exothermic unit 2 from the second pressure P2 to the first pressure P1, supplies the slurry to the endothermic unit 3, and then circulates the slurry between the endothermic unit 3 and the exothermic unit 2.
F25B 27/02 - Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
F25B 17/08 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
This chemical heat storage system (1) takes advantage of an exothermic reaction that produces a product solid from a reaction solid and a reaction gas, and of an endothermic reaction that decomposes the product solid into a reaction solid and a reaction gas, the chemical heat storage system having: an endothermic unit (3) that houses a slurry containing the product solid and that carries out an endothermic reaction by absorbing heat supplied from outside; an exothermic unit (2) that houses a slurry containing the reaction solid and that generates heat by carrying out an exothermic reaction; and a gas recovery/supply unit (4) for recovering the reaction gas decomposed by the endothermic unit (3) and supplying the gas to the exothermic unit (2).
F28D 20/00 - Heat storage plants or apparatus in generalRegenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups or
F25B 17/08 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
F25B 27/02 - Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
A solar heat collector with high heat collection effect is provided. The solar heat collector includes a first heat collection pipe and a second heat collection pipe. The first heat collection pipe receives reflected light from a single-axial tracking solar type reflective mirror group to collect heat. The second heat collection pipe receives reflected light from the single-axial tracking solar type reflective mirror group and dual-axial tracking solar type reflective mirror groups to collect heat. The second heat collection pipe has an amount of heat collection per unit area larger than the first heat collection pipe. Therefore, compared with the use of only the first heat collection pipe, this ensures obtaining larger energy.
F24S 10/40 - Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar heat collectors
F24S 10/70 - Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
F24S 30/455 - Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes with horizontal primary axis
F24S 23/70 - Arrangements for concentrating solar rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
F24S 50/20 - Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
The present invention is a urea production method, including: a first concentration step of concentrating an aqueous urea solution; a granulation step of producing solid urea from the concentrated urea solution generated in the first concentration step; a urea recovery step of treating exhaust gas from the granulation step and recovering urea dust in the exhaust gas to generate a recovered aqueous urea solution, the granulation step being configured so as to treat a concentrated urea solution containing an additive; and a second concentration step of concentrating the recovered aqueous urea solution as an additional concentration step, wherein the concentrated recovered urea solution generated in the second concentration step is joined to the concentrated urea solution in the downstream of the first concentration step, and an additive is added downstream of the first concentration step.
C07C 273/14 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
B01J 2/16 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
B01J 2/00 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
B01J 2/30 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic using agents to prevent the granules sticking togetherRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
88.
Method and apparatus for treating urea aqueous solution
−1, at 1.1 to 3.1 MPaA and 180 to 230° C. in a catalytic hydrolyzer; and a second stripping step of steam stripping a liquid obtained in the hydrolysis step in a second stripper to separate ammonia and carbon dioxide from this liquid into a gas phase. The residual urea concentration can be reduced to 1 ppm or lower; the residual ammonia concentration can be decreased; LHSV can be increased; and an increase in apparatus size is minimized.
C02F 103/36 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the chemical industry not provided for in groups from the manufacture of organic compounds
89.
Method for producing high-purity aqueous urea solution in urea production process
The present invention relates to a method for producing a high-purity aqueous urea solution, utilizing a urea production process at least including a urea synthesis step of synthesizing urea from a raw material feed to produce a urea synthesis liquid, and a urea purification step of purifying the urea synthesis liquid to produce an aqueous urea solution with high urea concentration. The present invention includes a urea crystallization step of separating a part of the urea synthesis liquid and/or a part of the aqueous urea solution and crystallizing urea contained in the separated urea synthesis liquid and/or aqueous urea solution to produce solid crystal urea, and a mixing step of mixing the crystal urea with water to produce a high-purity aqueous urea solution. A high-purity aqueous urea solution to be produced is an aqueous urea solution with high purity suitable as a reducing agent for SCR.
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
90.
Method of adjusting duty of heat exchange in heat integrated distillation column
The duty of internal heat exchange can be flexibly adjusted without impairing energy saving performance of a HIDiC. A method of adjusting the duty of heat exchange in a heat exchange structure of a HIDiC includes totally condensing a portion of the vapor fed to a heat exchange structure in a heat exchange structure; and providing a liquid control valve downstream of the heat exchange structure on the first line, without providing a control valve on a vapor-flowing part of first and second lines of the HIDiC, and adjusting a flow rate of a portion of the compressor outlet vapor flowing into the heat exchange structure by using the control valve, while compensating for a pressure loss needed for the control valve by using a liquid head of a condensate, and/or by using pressurization by a pump.
The present invention provides a solar heat collecting device having good heat collection efficiency. A uniaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group is arranged such that each longitudinal axis thereof faces the same direction. A first biaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group and a second biaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group are arranged lined up in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis direction of uniaxial solar-tracking reflective mirrors. The uniaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group is arranged so as to be sandwiched on both sides by the first biaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group and the second biaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group. Each mirror group sends solar heat received during uniaxial or biaxial tracking in accordance with the position of the sun, to a heat collecting device.
F24J 2/00 - Use of solar heat, e.g. solar heat collectors (distillation or evaporation of water using solar energy C02F 1/14;roof covering aspects of energy collecting devices E04D 13/18;devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy F03G 6/00;semiconductor devices specially adapted for converting solar energy into electrical energy H01L 31/00;photovoltaic [PV] cells including means directly associated with the PV cell to utilise heat energy H01L 31/525;PV modules including means associated with the PV module to utilise heat energy H02S 40/44)
F24S 20/25 - Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants using direct solar radiation in combination with concentrated radiation
F24S 23/70 - Arrangements for concentrating solar rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
F24S 50/20 - Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
F24S 20/00 - Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
The present invention provides a method and a device capable of producing urea more efficiently. In the present invention, prior to removing unreacted materials from a urea synthesis solution obtained from a stripper, the pressure of the urea synthesis solution is decreased from the synthesis pressure, and the obtained gas-liquid mixture, once heated by a decomposition gas from the stripper, is introduced into a purification system. The heating of the gas-liquid mixture by the decomposition gas is carried out using a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the decomposition gas being introduced on the tube side while introducing the gas-liquid mixture on the shell side.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
The present invention provides a urea production method and production device, capable of increasing the rate of conversion into urea and decreasing the amount of steam consumed. In the present invention, the reactor temperature is raised by introducing into the reactor the entire amount of raw material ammonia, and introducing into the reactor a portion of a decomposition gas obtained from a stripper. The raw material ammonia is preferably heated using a steam condensate generated in a purification step and/or steam generated by condensation heat in a condensation step, whereof the temperature is preferably from 70 to 140°C.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C07C 275/00 - Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
Provided is a solar thermal heat collector having a strong heat-collecting effect. The collector has a first heat collector tube (11) for receiving reflected light from a uniaxial sun-tracking reflecting mirror group (20) and collecting heat, and a second heat collector tube (12) for receiving reflected light from the uniaxial tracking reflecting mirror group (20) and biaxial sun-tracking reflecting mirror groups (30, 40) and collecting heat. The amount of collected heat per unit area of the second heat collector tube (12) is greater than that of the first heat collector tube (11), and more energy can be obtained than when only the first heat collector tube (11) is used.
The present invention is a urea production method characterized by comprising a first concentration step that concentrates an aqueous urea solution, a granulating step that produces solid urea from a concentrated aqueous urea solution generated at the first concentration step and a urea recovery step that processes exhaust gas from the granulating step, recovers urea dust from the exhaust gas and generates a recovered aqueous urea solution, such that the concentrated aqueous urea solution, which includes an additive at the granulating step, is processed, the method being provided with a second concentration step that concentrates the recovered aqueous urea solution as an additional concentration step and wherein a concentrated collected aqueous urea solution generated by the second concentration step is combined with the concentrated aqueous urea solution downstream of the first concentration step and an additive is added downstream of the first concentration step. The present invention makes it possible to produce a urea solution that does not contain additives while using additives to produce solid urea.
Provided is a virus inactivation and sampling device which is used in a process for refining a liquid active pharmaceutical ingredient. Viruses in the liquid active pharmaceutical ingredient are inactivated by supplying an acidic aqueous solution from an acidic aqueous solution line 45 and circulating the same in a closed circulation line which comprises an outlet 11 of a bag 10 in which the liquid active pharmaceutical ingredient is sealed, a first line 41, a sampling means 20, a second line 42 (a pH meter 30) and an inlet 12 of the bag 10.
The present invention relates to a process for producing a high-purity aqueous urea solution while utilizing a urea production process at least including a urea synthesis step in which urea is synthesized from feed materials to produce a urea synthesis liquid and a urea purification step in which the urea synthesis liquid is purified to produce an aqueous urea solution having a high urea concentration. This process comprises: a urea crystallization step in which some of the urea synthesis liquid and/or some of the aqueous urea solution is separated and the urea contained in the separated urea synthesis liquid and/or aqueous urea solution is crystallized to produce crystalline urea, which is solid; and a mixing step in which the crystalline urea is mixed with water to produce a high-purity aqueous urea solution. The produced high-purity aqueous urea solution is suitable for use as a reducing agent for SCR.
There is provided a urea synthesis method having excellent reliability and productivity with the amount of oxygen used as a corrosion-resistant agent minimized without using special duplex stainless steel. In a urea synthesis apparatus having a synthesis tower, a stripper, and a condenser, general-purpose austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel with Cr content: 21 to 26 wt %, Ni content: 4.5 to 7.5 wt %, Mo content: 2.5 to 3.5 wt %, N content: 0.08 to 0.30 wt %, C content: 0.03 wt % or less, Si content: 1.0 wt % or less, Mn content: 2.0 wt % or less, P content: 0.04 wt % or less, and S content: 0.03 wt % is used as a urea synthesis apparatus material in at least some of parts where the urea synthesis apparatus comes into contact with a fluid having corrosiveness, and oxygen feed concentration with respect to carbon dioxide is 100 to 2,000 ppm.
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
B01J 19/02 - Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collecting device having good heat collection efficiency. A uniaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group (20) is arranged such that each longitudinal axis thereof faces the same direction. A first biaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group (30) and a second biaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group (40) are arranged lined up in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis direction of uniaxial solar-tracking reflective mirrors (21). The uniaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group (20) is arranged so as to be sandwiched on both sides by the first biaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group (30) and the second biaxial solar-tracking reflective mirror group (40). Each mirror group sends solar heat received during uniaxial or biaxial tracking in accordance with the position of the sun, to a heat collecting means (10).
F24J 2/38 - employing tracking means (F24J 2/02, F24J 2/06 take precedence;rotary supports or mountings therefor F24J 2/54;supporting structures of photovoltaic modules for generation of electric power specially adapted for solar tracking systems H02S 20/32)
F24J 2/10 - having reflectors as concentrating elements
Significant energy saving can be achieved for a distillation column even when the distillation column has a large column temperature difference. Provided is a distillation column including a first and second columns, wherein the first column includes a part of a rectifying section or a part of a stripping section; the second column includes, if the first column includes a part of the rectifying section, the rest of the rectifying section and the whole of the stripping section, or the second column includes, if the first column includes a part of the stripping section, the rest of the stripping section and the whole of the rectifying section; and the second column constitutes a mechanical-heat-pump distillation column.
