The invention relates to the use of biomethanol from the pulp industry in the production of biohydrogen. The preferred biomethanol comprises purified biomethanol derived from black liquor. The invention also relates to a process for the production of biohydrogen from crude biomethanol recovered from black liquor and to a process for producing hydrocarbon biofuel using such biohydrogen as a hydrogen source. The invention further relates to a biofuel production facility for producing fuel from biohydrogen and biohydrocarbon, and to biofuel so produced. The invention makes it possible to produce a biofuel, wherein 100% of the raw material stems from non-fossil sources.
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
C02F 1/00 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
D21C 11/06 - Treatment of pulp gases; Recovery of the heat content of the gases
C10K 1/10 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
C10K 3/04 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C02F 3/00 - Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
C02F 103/02 - Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
C02F 103/16 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
C02F 103/28 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof from the paper or cellulose industry
C02F 103/36 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the chemical industry not provided for in groups from the manufacture of organic compounds
Methods are provided for crystallizing a filler, especially in order to precipitate calcium carbonate on the surfaces of solids in the short circulation of a fiber web machine by feeding carbon dioxide and lime milk to the liquid flow of the short circulation and allowing them to react with one another, is characterized in that the feed system, the mixing method and/or mixing rate of the chemicals are selected such that a size distribution of the calcium carbonate crystals suitable for the purpose is obtained. Moreover, the invention relates to an approach system for a fiber web machine applying this method, characterized in that it is provided with devices for feeding and mixing carbon dioxide and lime milk into the liquid flow at such a rate that the applicable size distribution of the calcium carbonate crystals is obtained.
D21F 1/00 - Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
3.
Method and apparatus for in-line production of milk of lime into an in-line production process of PCC arranged in connection with a fibrous web machine
A method and apparatus for in-line production of milk of lime into an in-line production process of PCC arranged in connection with a fibrous web machine. In the solution, lime is slaked in a slaking apparatus at a temperature of at least 80 degrees. The produced milk of lime is cleaned by separating excessively large calcium hydroxide particles immediately prior to introducing the milk of lime into the production process of PCC. The milk of lime is introduced into the in-line production process of PCC located in the production line of the end or intermediate product of the fibrous web machine.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IN-LINE PRODUCTION OF MILK OF LIME INTO AN IN-LINE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF PCC ARRANGED IN CONNECTION WITH A FIBROUS WEB MACHINE
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for in-line production of milk of lime into an in-line production process of PCC arranged in connection with a fibrous web machine. In the solution according to the invention the lime is slaked in a slaking apparatus (52) at a temperature of at least 80 degrees, preferably over 85 degrees, more preferably at over 100 degrees, the produced milk of lime is cleaned (58) by separating excessively large calcium hydroxide particles from it immediately prior to introducing (38) the milk of lime into the production process of PCC an the milk of lime is introduced into the in-line production process of PCC located in the production line of the end or intermediate product of the fibrous web machine (28).
D21H 17/67 - Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers or pigments
D21H 17/70 - Inorganic compounds forming new compounds in situ, e.g. within the pulp or paper, by chemical reaction with other substances added separately
5.
Method and device for producing chaff and wood composite material
The invention relates to a method and a device for producing chaff used in the production of a wood composite material. In accordance with the invention, adhesive laminate waste comprising adhesive material, glue and release material is arranged into chaff in multiple steps and the adhesive properties of the glue are killed.
B02C 23/00 - Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by one only of groups
6.
Method for crystallizing a filler in connection with a fiber web process, and an approach system for a fiber web machine
The method of the present invention for crystallizing a filler, especially in order to precipitate calcium carbonate on the surfaces of solids in the short circulation of a fiber web machine by feeding carbon dioxide and lime milk to the liquid flow of the short circulation and allowing them to react with one another, is characterized in that the feed system, the mixing method and/or mixing rate of the chemicals are selected such that a size distribution of the calcium carbonate crystals suitable for the purpose is obtained. Moreover, the invention relates to an approach system for a fiber web machine applying this method, characterized in that it is provided with devices for feeding and mixing carbon dioxide and lime milk into the liquid flow at such a rate that the applicable size distribution of the calcium carbonate crystals is obtained.
Treatment of waste water from a biomass-to-liquid process, said process comprising producing synthesis gas from biomass and conversion of said synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons by a Fisher-Tropsch process. The waste waters obtained are purified in common with waste waters from another industrial process to which said biomass-to-liquid process is integrated, such as in forestry, power and/or heat generation, waste incineration or a process in a metal-, petrochemical and/or oil refining industry. The biomass-to-liquid. process and said another industrial process may have a common feed water process unit, a common cooling water process unit and a common waste water treatment unit. The waste water treatment process may comprise a biological purification process and said Fischer-Tropsch process may utilize a cobalt catalyst. An integrated factory comprising a biomass-to-liquid plant and another industrial facility in which both plants are connected to a common waste water treatment facility is also described.
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing liquid hydro carbonaceous product (1) such as biofuel from solid biomass (2). The method comprises a gasifying step for gasifying solid biomass (2) in a gasifier (6) to produce raw synthesis gas (3), conditioning of the raw synthesis gas (3) to purify the raw synthesis gas (3) to obtain purified synthesis gas (4) having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide between 2.5 to 1 and 0.5 to 1, preferably to between 2.1 to 1 and 1.8 to 1, more preferably about 2 to 1, and subjecting purified synthesis gas (4) to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor (5) to produce liquid hydro carbonaceous product (1).
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
C07C 27/00 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10K 1/10 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
C10K 1/14 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids alkaline-reacting organic
C10K 3/04 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
9.
COMPOSITE INTERMEDIATE, METHOD FOR FORMING SAME, AND USE OF THE COMPOSITE INTERMEDIATE
The invention relates to a web-type composite intermediate which is formed from fibers and plastic. According to the invention, the composite intermediate is formed by wet web formation from a substantially homogeneous liquid mixture which contains natural fibers, plastic particles having a diameter of less than approximately 1000μm, and an agent that improves compatibility between natural fibers and plastic particles. In addition, the invention relates to a method for forming a composite intermediate and to the use of the composite intermediate.
D21H 21/14 - Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
The invention relates to a wood composite material and to a method for making it. In accordance with the invention, the wood composite material is formed of adhesive laminate waste comprising adhesive material, glue and release material and having been arranged into chaff, the chaff being arranged into the wood composite material.
The present invention provides a method for producing modified nanofibrillated cellulose characterized by bringing cellulosic material into a fiber suspension, adsorbing a cellulose derivative or polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative onto fibers in said fiber suspension under special conditions and subjecting the obtained fiber suspension derivative to mechanical disintegration. A modified nanofibrillated cellulose obtainable by a method of the present invention is provided. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of said modified nanofibrillated cellulose.
The invention relates to a method for the fractionation of knotwood extract, which has been obtained by extraction of knotwood with a hydrophilic solvent. The hydrophilic extract is extracted with a lipophilic solvent to remove lipophilic impurities. The invention also relates to the use of a liquid-liquid extraction for the purification of hydrophilic knotwood extract. The present process provides a purified knotwood extract, which contains more than 90 % lignans, flavonoids and stilbenes and less than 10 % impurities selected from resin acids, fatty acids, sterols, juvabiones, triglycerides and combinations thereof.
C07D 311/26 - Benzo [b] pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
13.
AN INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING DIESEL FUEL FROM BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL AND PRODUCTS AND USES RELATING TO SAID PROCESS
The present invention relates to an integrated process for producing diesel fuel or fuel additive from biological material by producing paraffins by a Fischer-Tropsch reaction on one hand and by a catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of bio oils and fats on the other hand. Two hydrocarbon streams, which both comprises predominately hydrocarbons of a certain chain length are treated separately and finally combined and distilled together. The invention also relates to the use of by-products of the wood- processing industry for producing diesel fuel and to a method for narrowing the chain length distribution of Fischer-Tropsch derived diesel fuel. The invention provides a high-quality middle distillate fraction from various biological sources and most preferably from by-products of the wood-processing industry.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 65/16 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only including only refining steps
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
14.
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A DECORATIVE MOULDING AND A DECORATIVE MOULDING
The object of the invention is a method for manufacturing a decorative moulding (1), and a decorative moulding. The decorative moulding (1) according to the invention comprises at least a front surface (2) a rear surface (3) and end surfaces (4, 5) connecting these surfaces. The cross- sectional profile of the decorative moulding (1) is formed e.g. by planing. At least two grooves (6, 6a) are formed in the rear surface (3) of the decorative moulding (1) in connection with planing the cross-sectional profile of the decorative moulding (1), and at least one glue streak (7, 7a) is fitted into each groove (6, 6a), a part of which glue streak (7, 7a) is left outside the groove (6, 6a) in the thickness direction of the glue streak (7, 7a).
The invention relates to a device for controlling a web. According to the invention, the device comprises gas blowing means (2) disposed so as to blow gas through a fabric (4) to a web (3) to process the web, and means (5) providing a pressure difference to hold the web against the fabric. In addition, the invention relates to a corresponding method and use of the device.
The invention relates to a process for producing a pigment product from a cellulose derivative. According to the invention, a selected cellulose derivative containing at least one OH group is crosslinked by using a hydroxyl-active crosslinker to form a substantially insoluble pigment product. Further, the invention relates to the corresponding product and to the use of the product.
The invention relates to a process for producing a pigment product based on a cellulose ester. According to the invention, a cellulose ester derivative is dissolved in a suitable solvent to form a solution, a non-solvent is added to the solution, and a pigment product based on a cellulose ester is precipitated. Further, the invention relates to the corresponding pigment product and to the use thereof.
The invention relates to a paper product (1) comprising a base paper (2). The base paper (2) consists of a base layer (3) and a surface layer (4) so that the base paper (2) has a surface side (5) formed by the surface layer (4) and a base side (6) formed by the base layer (3). The base layer (3) and the surface layer (4) have different stock compositions. The invention relates also to a method for producing a paper product (1). The method comprises a step for forming a base paper (2) consisting of a base layer (3) and a surface layer (4) so that the base paper (2) has a surface side (5) formed by the surface layer (4) and a base side (6) formed by the base layer (3), wherein the base layer (3) and the surface layer (4) have different stock compositions.
The invention relates to a process for making paper and board, wherein a product is formed from a fibrous starting material and a filler. According to the invention the properties of the product that is being formed are controlled by the employed filler containing at least one filler component which is formed from particles having a substantially tabular particle shape and which is formed substantially synthetically by a process selected from the group of precipitation, agglomeration, chemical modification and combinations thereof, the mean particle size in the filler component being less than 20μm, and the degree of brightness in the filler component, determined according to ISO standard, being at least 86. In addition, the invention relates to a corresponding product.
The method of the present invention for crystallizing a filler, especially in order to precipitate calcium carbonate on the surfaces of solids in the short circulation of a fiber web machine by feeding carbon dioxide and lime milk to the liquid flow of the short circulation and allowing them to react with one another, is characterized in that the feed system, the mixing method and/or mixing rate of the chemicals are selected such that a size distribution of the calcium carbonate crystals suitable for the purpose is obtained. Moreover, the invention relates to an approach system for a fiber web machine applying this method, characterized in that it is provided with devices for feeding and mixing carbon dioxide and lime milk into the liquid flow at such a rate that the applicable size distribution of the calcium carbonate crystals is obtained.
D21H 17/70 - Inorganic compounds forming new compounds in situ, e.g. within the pulp or paper, by chemical reaction with other substances added separately
The invention relates to a method for improving the runnability of a printing press in the printing process. In the method, printing rolls are used whose cross-directional tension profile is measured in the paper manufacturing process. In the method, the printing rolls used in the printing process are selected by using as one selection criterion the cross-directional tension profile of the printing roll measured in the paper manufacturing process. Cross- directional tension profiles measured in the paper manufacturing process can be used for sorting the printing rolls used in the printing process and thus to tension profile parameter of the printing roll of a printing press and to prevent problems, such as the breakage of the paper web.
B65H 23/188 - Registering, tensioning, smoothing, or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web in connection with running-web
22.
METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING THE NIP PRESSURE AND/OR PRESSURE PROFILE IN THE NIP OF A PRINTING UNIT OF A PRINTING PRESS
The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for measuring the nip pressure and/or pressure profile in the nip of a printing unit of a printing press. A force and/or pressure sensor, such as a pressure sensitive film, for example, an EMFi film sensor, is installed on the counter roller, rubber roller or roller forming the nip of a printing unit which participates in the printing unit in transferring printing ink onto the paper, plastic or other thin sheet-like material surface, wherein the pressure sensitive film is adapted to produce, in connection with a deformation of the force and/or pressure sensor, an electrical signal corresponding to the magnitude of the deformation. The rollers forming the nip are caused to rotate in relation to one another such that the nip pressure of the nip causes a deformation of the force and/or pressure sensor producing an electrical signal corresponding to the deformation of the nip. The nip pressure and/or pressure profile of the nip is calculated by using the electrical signal produced by the deformation of the force and/or pressure sensor.
The invention relates to a method for adjusting the printing process in which, at some process site of the printing press, the cross-directional profile of tension of the paper web in the machine direction is measured from at least one roller. The tension profile obtained as a measurement result is compared to an earlier basic tension profile after which the deviation and/or profile difference between the basic tension profile and the measured tension profile is analysed. The printing process is adjusted on the basis of the deviation and/or profile difference. The invention also relates to a computer program into which is fed the information obtained from the method according to the invention and which guides the automatic adjustment of the printing process, and the printing press guidance model which is obtained by using the information obtained from the method according to the invention.
B65H 23/188 - Registering, tensioning, smoothing, or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web in connection with running-web
The invention relates to a method for diagnosing the printing process. In particular, the invention relates to ascertaining a need for maintenance of the rollers, wherein the need for maintenance of the rollers is ascertained on the basis of the cross-directional profile of tension of the web in the machine direction measured from the web. The invention also relates to a method for aligning the web of a web printing process in which on at least one roller is installed at least one pressure sensitive sensor on the surface or under the coating of the roller. Preferably, said pressure sensitive sensor measures the location of the edge of the web, preferably from both ends independently.
The invention relates to a method for making organic pigment in such manner that the organic pigment is formed from a starting material of plant origin. According to the invention, the starting material is pulverized to a suitable particle size by mechanical grinding in at least two grinding steps to form the organic pigment.
The object of the invention is a method and an apparatus for measuring temperatures in connection with the manufacturing of glue board (10) or a corresponding product, wherein the glue board (10) is manufactured from wooden laths (2) that are placed adjacent to each other and glued together, in the gluing stage of which the wooden laths (2) and the glued joints are heated and pressed against each other with a press apparatus (7). According to the invention the temperature of at least the glued joints of the glue board (10) is measured after pressing by imaging the glue board with a thermographic camera (9).
The invention relates to the use of biomethanol from the pulp industry in the production of biohydrogen. The preferred biomethanol comprises purified biomethanol derived from black liquor. The invention also relates to a process for the production of biohydrogen from crude biomethanol recovered from black liquor and to a process for producing hydrocarbon biofuel using such biohydrogen as a hydrogen source. The invention further relates to a biofuel production facility for producing fuel from biohydrogen and biohydrocarbon, and to biofuel so produced. The invention makes it possible to produce a biofuel, wherein 100% of the raw material stems from non-fossil sources.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
28.
WASTE WATER TREATMENT FROM A BIOMASS-TO-LIQUID PROCESS COMPRISING SYNTHESIS GAS PRODUCTION AND INTEGRATED FACTORY FACILITY
Treatment of waste water from a biomass-to-liquid process, said process comprising producing synthesis gas from biomass and conversion of said synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons by a Fisher-Tropsch process. The waste waters obtained are purified in common with waste waters from another industrial process to which said biomass-to- liquid process is integrated, such as in forestry, power and/or heat generation, waste incineration or a process in a metal-, petrochemical and/or oil refining industry. The biomass-to-liquid. process and said another industrial process may have a common feed water process unit, a common cooling water process unit and a common waste water treatment unit. The waste water treatment process may comprise a biological purification process and said Fischer-Tropsch process may utilize a cobalt catalyst. An integrated factory comprising a biomass-to-liquid plant and another industrial facility in which both plants are connected to a common waste water treatment facilit is also described.
The invention relates to the use of biomethanol from the pulp industry in the production of biohydrogen. The preferred biomethanol comprises purified biomethanol derived from black liquor. The invention also relates to a process for the production of biohydrogen from crude biomethanol recovered from black liquor and to a process for producing hydrocarbon biofuel using such biohydrogen as a hydrogen source. The invention further relates to a biofuel production facility for producing fuel from biohydrogen and biohydrocarbon, and to biofuel so produced. The invention makes it possible to produce a biofuel, wherein 100% of the raw material stems from non-fossil sources.
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
30.
AN INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING DIESEL FUEL FROM BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL AND PRODUCTS, USES AND EQUIPMENT RELATING TO SAID PROCESS
The present invention relates to an integrated process for producing diesel fuel or fuel additive from biological material by producing paraffins by a Fischer- Tropsch reaction on one hand and by a catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of bio oils and fats on the other hand. The two hydrocarbon streams are combined and distilled together. The invention also relates to the use of lignocellulosic material, such as by-products of the wood-processing industry for producing diesel fuel and to a method for narrowing the chain length distribution of Fischer- Tropsch derived diesel fuel. The invention provides a high-quality middle distillate fraction from various biological sources and most preferably from by-products of the wood-processing industry. The invention also relates to equipment for producing fuel form biological material, which comprises a hydrodeoxygenation reactor (3) for hydrocarbons, a cracking/isomerization reactor (11) for FT paraffins and a separation unit (12) for the combined hydrocarbons. Hydrogen is separated from light fractions in a separation unit (9) and reformed in the process. The equipment is advantageously integrated with a pulp and paper mill, which provides biological material and receives waste and energy.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C10G 65/16 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only including only refining steps
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
31.
WASTE WATER TREATMENT FROM A BIOMASS-TO-LIQUID PROCESS COMPRISING SYNTHESIS GAS PRODUCTION AND INTEGRATED FACTORY FACILITY
Treatment of waste water from a biomass-to-liquid process, said process comprising producing synthesis gas from biomass and conversion of said synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons by a Fisher-Tropsch process. The waste waters obtained are purified in common with waste waters from another industrial process to which said biomass-to- liquid process is integrated, such as in forestry, power and/or heat generation, waste incineration or a process in a metal-, petrochemical and/or oil refining industry. The biomass-to-liquid. process and said another industrial process may have a common feed water process unit, a common cooling water process unit and a common waste water treatment unit. The waste water treatment process may comprise a biological purification process and said Fischer-Tropsch process may utilize a cobalt catalyst. An integrated factory comprising a biomass-to-liquid plant and another industrial facility in which both plants are connected to a common waste water treatment facilit is also described.
The invention relates to a method for making printing paper by forming the paper from a wood-containing raw material. According to the invention, the printing paper is formed by optimizing simultaneously the sensory properties of the printing paper, the quality of the printing paper and the cost-effectiveness of papermaking and/or printing, and at least one variable is adjusted, the variable being selected from the group of variables: the raw material composition of the printing paper, properties of the raw materials, modes of processing the raw materials, papermaking parameters and printing parameters.
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing liquid hydro carbonaceous product (1) such as biofuel from solid biomass (2). The method comprises a gasifying step for gasifying solid biomass (2) in a gasifier (6) to produce raw synthesis gas (3), conditioning of the raw synthesis gas (3) to purify the raw synthesis gas (3) to obtain purified synthesis gas (4) having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide between 2.5 to 1 and 0.5 to 1, preferably to between 2.1 to 1 and 1.8 to 1, more preferably about 2 to 1, and subjecting purified synthesis gas (4) to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor (5) to produce liquid hydro carbonaceous product (1).
The invention relates to the use of a carbon dioxide stream generated in oxygen gasification of organic matter for carbonating calcium from a liquid containing calcium ions. The invention also relates to a manufacturing process of paper or board, wherein organic matter is gasified with oxygen in order to carbonate the calcium, the produced carbon dioxide stream is reacted with a liquid containing calcium ions and the carbonated calcium is added to the pulp during the papermaking process as a filler or onto finished paper as a coating.
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing liquid hydro carbonaceous product (1) such as biofuel from solid biomass (2). The method comprises a gasifying step for gasifying solid biomass (2) in a gasifier (6) to produce raw synthesis gas (3), conditioning of the raw synthesis gas (3) to purify the raw synthesis gas (3) to obtain purified synthesis gas (4) having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide between 2.5 to 1 and 0.5 to 1, preferably to between 2.1 to 1 and 1.8 to 1, more preferably about 2 to 1, and subjecting purified synthesis gas (4) to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor (5) to produce liquid hydro carbonaceous product (1).
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing water in paper-making, wherein paper is formed by feeding pulp to a wire section through a headbox, a web is formed at the wire section and the web is led from the wire section to a drying section through a press section. According to the invention, dewatering the web is enhanced and moisture content of the paper is reduced by removing water from the web that is being formed by at least one static shoe press unit, the static shoe press unit being selected from the following group:a) using at least one static shoe press unit in conjunction with the wire section; b) using at least one static shoe press unit between the wire section and the press section; c) using at least one static shoe press unit in conjunction with the press section; d) using at least one static shoe press unit between the press section and the drying section; e) using at least one static shoe press unit in conjunction with the drying section; and/or f) using at least one static shoe press unit in conjunction with calendering.
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing water in paper-making, wherein paper is formed by feeding pulp to a wire section (2) through a headbox, a web is formed at the wire section, and the web is led from the wire section to a drying section (4) through a press section (3). According to the invention, dewatering the web is enhanced and moisture content of the paper is reduced by removing water from the web (5) the is being formed by at least one dewatering unit (8) comprising a belt circulating member (10) with a belt (11) and at least two rolls (12) over which the belt is arranged to pass.
The invention relates to a paper that is formed of a fibre-based source material and is applicable as printing paper. According to the invention, the surface of the paper is surface-treated by arranging sufficient density on the surface, such that a mixture is arranged at least on one side of the surface of the paper for forming a surface layer, which mixture comprises pigments in an amount of 75 - 95% by weight of the dry weight and bonding agent in an amount of 5 - 25% by weight of the dry weight, and the porosity of the surface layer of the paper is less than 0.07ml/g as defined by mercury porosimeter process. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for making paper.
B41M 5/50 - Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
39.
NON-FLUTING PRINTED SUBSTRATE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
The present invention relates to printed substrate comprising a substrate and a printing ink and is characterized in that at least one side of the substrate has a surface with a porosity of below 0.07 ml/g determined by the mercury porosimetry method, and it comprises an printing ink formulated as heat-set offset printing ink with at least one low boiling solvent.
B41F 23/00 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
The present invention relates to a printed substrate comprising a substrate and a printing ink and is characterized in that at least one side of the substrate has a surface with a porosity of below 0.07 ml/g determined by the mercury porosimetry method, and it comprises an printing ink formulated as heat-set offset printing ink with reduced tack comprising at least one pigment and a mixture of at least two solvents boiling in the range of from 200 °C to 270 °C.
B41F 23/00 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
The present invention relates to a printed substrate comprising a substrate and a printing ink and is characterized in that at least one side of the substrate has a surface with such porosity that the Gurley-Hill air permeability value of the substrate is above 7000 s/100 ml, and it comprises an printing ink formulated as heat-set offset printing ink with reduced tack comprising at least one pigment and a mixture of at least two solvents boiling in the range of from 200°C to 270°C.
B41F 23/00 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
The invention relates to a printed substrate comprising a substrate and a printing ink and is characterized in that at least one side of the substrate has a surface with a porosity of below 0.07 ml/g determined by the mercury porosimetry method, and that it comprises an printing ink formulated as heat-set offset printing ink with reduced tack comprising at least one yellow pigment, petrolatum for reducing the tack, and a mixture of at least two solvents boiling in the range of from 200 to 270°C.
B41F 23/00 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
The invention relates to a paper that is formed of a fibre-based source material and is applicable as printing paper. According to the invention, the surface of the paper is surface-treated by arranging on the surface sufficient density in such manner that the density of at least one surface layer of the paper is sufficiently high to yield a Gurley-Hill value of over 7000s/100ml as measured from the entire paper. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for making paper.
B41M 5/50 - Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
44.
NON-FLUTING PRINTED SUBSTRATE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
The present invention relates to printed substrate comprising a substrate and a printing ink and is characterized in that at least one side of the substrate has a surface with such porosity that the Gurley-Hill air permeability value of the substrate is above 7000 s/100 ml, and it comprises an printing ink formulated as heat-set offset printing ink with at least one low boiling solvent.
B41F 23/00 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
The present inventioin relates to printed substrate comprising a substrate and a printing ink and is characterized in that at least one side of the substrate has a surface with such porosity that the Gurley-Hill air permeability value of the substrate is above 7000 s/100 ml, and it comprises an printing ink formulated as heat-set offset printing ink with reduced tack comprising at least one yellow pigment, petrolatum for reducing the tack, and a mixture of at least two solvents boiling in the range of from 200 to 270°C.
B41F 23/00 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
The invention relates to a method for making printing paper, which method comprises forming an uncoated paper. In accordance with the invention, a surface-size mixture comprising starch and polyvinyl pyrrolidone is arranged on the surface of the uncoated paper for improving printability of the paper. Furthermore, the invention relates to the corresponding surface-size mixture composition.
This invention relates to an arrangement for packaging sheet material such as paper intended for printing or photocopying use, in which arrangement a set of paper sheets (3) is placed within a continuous protective package (1). Inside the protective package (1) there is at least one handle (4), which is placed essentially around all of the paper sheets (3) in the package.
B65D 85/62 - Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for special arrangements of groups of articles
The invention relates to a wood composite material and to a method for making it. In accordance with the invention, the wood composite material is formed of adhesive laminate waste comprising adhesive material, glue and release material and having been arranged into chaff, the chaff being arranged into the wood composite material.
B29C 70/00 - Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
B29C 47/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor (extrusion blow-moulding B29C 49/04)
B29B 17/00 - Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
49.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING WOOD COMPOSITE MATERIAL
The invention relates to a method and a device for producing chaff used in the production of a wood composite material. In accordance with the invention, adhesive laminate waste comprising adhesive material, glue and release material is arranged into chaff in multiple steps and the adhesive properties of the glue are killed.
B02C 18/00 - Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments; Mincing machines or similar apparatus using worms or the like
B29B 17/00 - Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
B29C 47/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor (extrusion blow-moulding B29C 49/04)
A device for mechanical defibration of wood comprises a defibration surface for processing of wood raw material and loosening of fibers, said defibration surface comprising grinding grits fastened on a metal base surface. The grits (1) fastened on the metal base surface (2) are positioned within a determined distance from each other on the base surface, so that they form a regular defibration surface.
The invention presents a composition, a method and a use for a novel surface treatment approach for fiber based substrates, where the surface characteristics of the fiber material can be regulated. The method is based on a production of a nanocoating, utilizing controllably thin and possible self-organizing polymer materials, in conjunction of fiber substrate. As the advantageous applications areas of the invention, can be mentioned a regulation of adhering and impregnation of the surfaces of fibrous substrates.
D21H 19/32 - Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon in the main chain of the macromolecule
B32B 7/06 - Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
52.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MECHANICAL DEFIBRATION OF WOOD
The present invention provides a novel method and apparatus for producing pulp from lignocellulosic raw material, such as wood or annual or perennial plants, by mechanical defibration. According to the invention, fibers are peeled from the wood by means of grinding grits arranged on a defibration surface, wherein at least 90 % of the protrusion difference distribution between adjacent or neighboring grits on the surface belongs to a value region maximally as wide as the average grit diameter. By means of the invention, a reduction in specific energy consumption of up to 50 % or even more can be obtained.
D21B 1/04 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
B24D 5/00 - Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
53.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MECHANICAL DEFIBRATION OF WOOD
The present invention provides a novel method and apparatus for producing pulp from lignocellulosic raw material, such as wood or annual or perennial plants, by mechanical defibration. According to the invention, fibers are peeled from the wood by means of grinding grits arranged on a defibration surface, wherein at least 90 % of the protrusion difference distribution between adjacent or neighboring grits on the surface belongs to a value region maximally as wide as the average grit diameter. By means of the invention, a reduction in specific energy consumption of up to 50 % or even more can be obtained.
D21B 1/04 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
B24D 5/00 - Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
patents
