Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company (United Kingdom)
Virent, Inc. (USA)
Inventor
Johnson, Leighta
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Schuyten, Stephen John
Abstract
The specification describes an acid condensation catalyst comprising: a zeolite having a pore size of 10 tetrahedral atoms, a porosity of ≥0.05 mL/g in the range of 20-100 Å, and a silica: alumina ratio (SAR) of 10 to 50; an alumina binder in which the zeolite is dispersed; and at least one metal; wherein the acid condensation catalyst has a porosity of ≥0.06 mL/g in the range of 20-100 Å as measured by physisorption using the BJH method. Also described is a method for preparing the catalyst, and a process of carrying out acid condensation on a feed stream comprising one or more oxygenated compounds, which is carried out in the presence of a catalyst as described.
JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY (United Kingdom)
VIRENT, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Blank, Brian
Dotzel, Ralf
Hatch, Dana
Hughes, Philip John
Langbein, Martin Max
Mcguire, Paul Andrew
Schedel, Hubert
Small, Stuart Michael
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Thoma, Charalambos
Abstract
22NH3NH3 / m2; and the support has a basic site density of 0.006 to 0.015 wt%/m2 as measured by the MBOH test. Also described is a method for producing a zirconia supporting starting from zirconia or zirconium hydroxide as raw materials.
Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company (United Kingdom)
Virent, Inc. (USA)
Inventor
Blank, Brian
Dotzel, Ralf
Hatch, Dana
Hughes, Philip John
Langbein, Martin Max
Mcguire, Paul Andrew
Schedel, Hubert
Small, Stuart Michael
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Thoma, Charalambos
Abstract
The specification describes a zirconia support comprising ≥95 wt % ZrO2, wherein: the support has a crush strength of 20 to 140 N; the support has a total pore volume of 0.10 to 0.40 mL/g when measured by N2 physisorption; the support has an acid site density of 15 to 30 μLNH3/m2; and the support has a basic site density of 0.006 to 0.015 wt %/m2 as measured by the MBOH test. Also described is a method for producing a zirconia supporting starting from zirconia or zirconium hydroxide as raw materials.
Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company (United Kingdom)
Virent, Inc. (USA)
Inventor
Blank, Brian
Hatch, Dana
Hughes, Philip John
Mcguire, Paul Andrew
Rivas-Velazco, Maria Elena
Small, Stuart Michael
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Wainwright, Stephen Gary
Abstract
The specification describes a catalyst for the hydrodeoxygenation of alcohols, comprising: 0.1 to 1.5 wt % palladium; 1.0 to 5.0 wt % molybdenum; and 0.05 to 0.5 wt % tin; on a zirconia support. Also described is a method for manufacturing the catalyst and a hydrodeoxygenation process using the catalyst.
JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY (United Kingdom)
VIRENT, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Johnson, Leighta
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Schuyten, Stephen John
Abstract
The specification describes an acid condensation catalyst comprising: a zeolite having a pore size of 10 tetrahedral atoms, a porosity of ≥ 0.05 mL/g in the range of 20-100 Å, and a silica : alumina ratio (SAR) of 10 to 50; an alumina binder in which the zeolite is dispersed; and at least one metal; wherein the acid condensation catalyst has a porosity of ≥ 0.06 mL/g in the range of 20-100 Å as measured by physisorption using the BJH method. Also described is a method for preparing the catalyst, and a process of carrying out acid condensation on a feed stream comprising one or more oxygenated compounds, which is carried out in the presence of a catalyst as described.
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY (United Kingdom)
VIRENT, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Blank, Brian
Hatch, Dana
Hughes, Philip John
Mcguire, Paul Andrew
Rivas-Velazco, Maria Elena
Small, Stuart Michael
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Wainwright, Stephen Gary
Abstract
The specification describes a catalyst for the hydrodeoxygenation of alcohols, comprising: 0.1 to 1.5 wt% palladium; 1.0 to 5.0 wt% molybdenum; and 0.05 to 0.5 wt% tin; on a zirconia support. Also described is a method for manufacturing the catalyst and a hydrodeoxygenation process using the catalyst.
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for producing aromatic compounds in high yield from a mixed aromatic feed stream. Also disclosed are systems and methods for producing aromatic compounds in high yield from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like.
C07C 7/00 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives
C07C 6/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C 7/05 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by fractional condensation
The present disclosure provides a method for producing hydrogen in an aqueous phase reforming process using a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon under improved conditions. The present method can be used to produce hydrogen from glycerol at reduced pressure and significantly increased hydrogen yield.
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
The present disclosure provides a method for producing hydrogen in an aqueous phase reforming process using a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon under improved conditions. The present method can be used to produce hydrogen from glycerol at reduced pressure and significantly increased hydrogen yield.
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
10.
USE OF IN-LINE REFRACTIVE INDEX IN CATALYTIC PROCESS
The present disclosure provides reactor systems and methods that use in-line measurement of refractive index for monitoring and controlling a catalytic reaction for hydrogen production. An outcome of the catalytic reaction (e.g., total organic carbon level) can be determined using the refractive index data measured in-line from a product stream. Advantageously, the present reactor system can include a control unit for acquiring in-line refractive index data, determining the reaction outcome, and adjusting the catalyst and/or reaction conditions according to the determined outcome, so that progress of the catalytic reaction can be controlled automatically.
C01B 3/40 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
11.
USE OF IN-LINE REFRACTIVE INDEX IN CATALYTIC PROCESS
The present disclosure provides reactor systems and methods that use in-line measurement of refractive index for monitoring and controlling a catalytic reaction for hydrogen production. An outcome of the catalytic reaction (e.g., total organic carbon level) can be determined using the refractive index data measured in-line from a product stream. Advantageously, the present reactor system can include a control unit for acquiring in-line refractive index data, determining the reaction outcome, and adjusting the catalyst and/or reaction conditions according to the determined outcome, so that progress of the catalytic reaction can be controlled automatically.
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
G01N 21/41 - RefractivityPhase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
12.
METHOD OF PREPARING AQUEOUS PHASE REFORMING CATALYSTS
The present disclosure provides an improved method for preparing a carbon supported Pt—Re catalyst (Pt—Re/C) using a soluble non-chlorinated Pt material as a Pt source. The catalysts prepared by the methods described herein can achieve the same level of catalytic capacity as that of the catalysts prepared by the conventional method using chlorinated Pt precursors.
B01J 37/18 - Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
13.
METHOD OF PREPARING AQUEOUS PHASE REFORMING CATALYSTS
The present disclosure provides an improved method for preparing a carbon supported Pt-Re catalyst (Pt-Re/C) using a soluble non-chlorinated Pt material as a Pt source. The catalysts prepared by the methods described herein can achieve the same level of catalytic capacity as that of the catalysts prepared by the conventional method using chlorinated Pt precursors.
JOHNSON MATTHEY DAVY TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED (United Kingdom)
Inventor
Anson, Colin
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Van Straten, Matt
Campbell, Ian
Abstract
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for regenerating a hydrogenation catalyst with reduced water consumption and/or shortened overall regeneration time. The method can include contacting a fouled hydrogenation catalyst with a first flushing medium comprising water and a gaseous phase comprising oxygen and optionally a second flushing medium comprising water and a gaseous phase comprising at least 90% nitrogen by volume. The method can further include treating the effluents of the flushing mediums by ion exchange resin to remove impurities in the effluents.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
B01J 38/04 - Gas or vapour treatingTreating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
B01J 38/12 - Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
B01J 38/70 - Wet oxidation of material submerged in liquid
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
15.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR WET AIR OXIDATION REGENERATION OF CATALYSTS WITH ION EXCHANGE
JOHNSON MATTHEY DAVY TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED (United Kingdom)
Inventor
Anson, Colin
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Van Straten, Matt
Campbell, Ian
Abstract
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for regenerating a hydrogenation catalyst with reduced water consumption and/or shortened overall regeneration time. The method can include contacting a fouled hydrogenation catalyst with a first flushing medium comprising water and a gaseous phase comprising oxygen and optionally a second flushing medium comprising water and a gaseous phase comprising at least 90% nitrogen by volume. The method can further include treating the effluents of the flushing mediums by ion exchange resin to remove impurities in the effluents.
B01J 38/12 - Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
C07C 1/22 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by reduction
16.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR WET AIR OXIDATION REGENERATION OF CATALYSTS WITH ATMOSPHERIC SWITCHING
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for producing a regenerated hydrogenation catalyst used for hydrogenating a biomass feedstock. The method can include a regeneration cycle, in which a fouled hydrogenation catalyst is contacted with (a) a first flushing medium comprising water and a gaseous phase comprising oxygen and (b) a second flushing medium comprising water and a gaseous phase comprising at least 90% nitrogen by volume. In particular, multiple regeneration cycles can be used to improve efficiency in removing sulfur-containing impurities from the fouled catalyst.
B01J 38/18 - Treating with free oxygen-containing gas with subsequent reactive gas treating
B01J 23/46 - Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
17.
METHOD FOR WET AIR OXIDATION REGENERATION OF BIOMASS HYDROGENATION CATALYSTS WITH SWITCHING BETWEEN OXYGEN- AND NITROGEN-ATMOSPHERE; BIOMASS HYDROGENATION METHOD INCLUDING SUCH
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for producing a regenerated hydrogenation catalyst used for hydrogenating a biomass feedstock. The method can include a regeneration cycle, in which a fouled hydrogenation catalyst is contacted with (a) a first flushing medium comprising water and a gaseous phase comprising oxygen and (b) a second flushing medium comprising water and a gaseous phase comprising at least 90% nitrogen by volume. In particular, multiple regeneration cycles can be used to improve efficiency in removing sulfur-containing impurities from the fouled catalyst.
B01J 38/16 - Oxidation gas comprising essentially steam and oxygen
B01J 38/48 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
C07C 29/149 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
18.
Systems and methods for reforming a heavy aromatic stream
6-8 aromatic compounds are disclosed. Also disclosed are processes, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing aromatic compounds and liquid fuels from oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like.
C07C 1/22 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by reduction
Processes, catalysts, and reactor systems for reforming heavy aromatic compounds (C11+) into C6-8 aromatic compounds are disclosed. Also disclosed are processes, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing aromatic compounds and liquid fuels from oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like.
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 45/70 - Aromatisation of hydrocarbon oil fractions with catalysts containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
20.
METHODS FOR PRODUCING HIGH PURITY AROMATICS FROM A MIXED AROMATIC FEED STREAM
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for producing aromatic compounds in high yield from a mixed aromatic feed stream. Also disclosed are systems and methods for producing aromatic compounds in high yield from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like.
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 47/18 - Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 47/20 - Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing other metals or compounds thereof
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C07C 6/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring
21.
METHODS FOR PRODUCING HIGH PURITY AROMATICS FROM A MIXED AROMATIC FEED STREAM
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for producing aromatic compounds in high yield from a mixed aromatic feed stream. Also disclosed are systems and methods for producing aromatic compounds in high yield from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like.
C07C 6/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 47/18 - Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 47/20 - Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing other metals or compounds thereof
22.
Systems and methods for producing high purity aromatics from a mixed aromatic feed stream
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for producing aromatic compounds in high yield from a mixed aromatic feed stream. Also disclosed are systems and methods for producing aromatic compounds in high yield from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like.
C07C 6/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C 7/00 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives
C07C 7/05 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by fractional condensation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
23.
Systems and methods for reforming a heavy aromatic stream
6-8 aromatic compounds are disclosed. Also disclosed are processes, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing aromatic compounds and liquid fuels from oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like.
C07C 1/22 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by reduction
11+6-86-8 aromatic compounds are disclosed. Also disclosed are processes, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing aromatic compounds and liquid fuels from oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like.
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 45/70 - Aromatisation of hydrocarbon oil fractions with catalysts containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
25.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR WET AIR OXIDATION REGENERATION OF CATALYSTS
JOHNSON MATTHEY DAVY TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED (United Kingdom)
Inventor
Blommel, Paul G.
Anson, Colin
Van Straten, Matt
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Holland, Chris
Gearing, Rauf
Ferguson, Chris
Wild, Rob
Campbell, Ian
Abstract
The present disclosure provides methods for producing a regenerated hydrogenation catalyst from a fouled hydrogenation catalyst having a total surface area and at least one associated impurity. The method can include maintaining contact between the fouled hydrogenation catalyst and a flushing medium that comprises water, oxygen, and an inert or diluent gas at a regeneration temperature and a regeneration pressure sufficient to remove at least a portion of the at least one impurity from the hydrogenation catalyst to produce the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst, where the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst is characterized as retaining at least 70% of the activity of the hydrogenation catalyst.
JOHNSON MATTHEY DAVY TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED (United Kingdom)
Inventor
Blommel, Paul G.
Anson, Colin
Van Straten, Matt
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Holland, Chris
Gearing, Rauf Edward John
Ferguson, Christopher
Wild, Robert Anthony
Campbell, Ian
Abstract
The present disclosure provides methods for producing a regenerated hydrogenation catalyst from a fouled hydrogenation catalyst having a total surface area and at least one associated impurity. The method can include maintaining contact between the fouled hydrogenation catalyst and a flushing medium that comprises water, oxygen, and an inert or diluent gas at a regeneration temperature and a regeneration pressure sufficient to remove at least a portion of the at least one impurity from the hydrogenation catalyst to produce the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst, where the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst is characterized as retaining at least 70% of the activity of the hydrogenation catalyst.
B01J 23/96 - Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the noble metals
B01J 38/48 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
B01J 38/70 - Wet oxidation of material submerged in liquid
C07C 29/141 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C07C 29/145 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of ketones with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
27.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR WET AIR OXIDATION REGENERATION OF CATALYSTS
JOHNSON MATTHEY DAVY TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED (United Kingdom)
Inventor
Blommel, Paul G.
Anson, Colin
Van Straten, Matt
Steenwinkel, Edgar
Holland, Chris
Gearing, Rauf Edward John
Ferguson, Christopher
Wild, Robert Anthony
Campbell, Ian
Abstract
The present disclosure provides methods for producing a regenerated hydrogenation catalyst from a fouled hydrogenation catalyst having a total surface area and at least one associated impurity. The method can include maintaining contact between the fouled hydrogenation catalyst and a flushing medium that comprises water, oxygen, and an inert or diluent gas at a regeneration temperature and a regeneration pressure sufficient to remove at least a portion of the at least one impurity from the hydrogenation catalyst to produce the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst, where the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst is characterized as retaining at least 70% of the activity of the hydrogenation catalyst.
B01J 38/48 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
B01J 38/70 - Wet oxidation of material submerged in liquid
B01J 23/96 - Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the noble metals
C07C 29/141 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C07C 29/145 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of ketones with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
28.
Method and systems for making distillate fuels from biomass
8+ hydrocarbons using heterogenous catalysts. The product stream may be separated and further processed for use in chemical applications, or as a neat fuel or a blending component in jet fuel and diesel fuel, or as heavy oils for lubricant and/or fuel oil applications.
C07B 63/00 - PurificationSeparation specially adapted for the purpose of recovering organic compoundsStabilisationUse of additives
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
B01J 23/68 - Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
B01J 23/46 - Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
A method for producing a fuel mixture of C4 to C12 hydrocarbon fuel components which contains a combination of (a) a biologically-derived high octane hydrocarbon fuel and (b) one or more fuel components.
C07C 45/60 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom in six-membered rings
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass to produce aqueous and organic products using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.
C13K 1/02 - GlucoseGlucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C08H 8/00 - Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
B01J 23/68 - Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
35.
Solvolysis of biomass using solvent from a bioreforming process
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C08B 30/12 - Degraded or non-chemically modified starchBleaching of starch
C08H 8/00 - Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
12 hydrocarbon fuel components, all of which hydrocarbon fuel components have been derived, whether directly or indirectly, from the catalytic conversion of a non-petroleum or biologically-derived oxygenate component, wherein the concentration of the alcohol (a) in the formulation is from 0.1 to 30% v/v.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
C10L 10/10 - Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the octane number
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
37.
Production of aromatics from di- and polyoxygenates
Methods, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing in high yield aromatic chemicals and liquid fuels from a mixture of oxygenates comprising di- and polyoxygenates are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing aromatic chemicals and liquid fuels from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like; and methods, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing the mixture of oxygenates from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like. The disclosed catalysts for preparing the mixture of oxygenates comprise a Group VIII metal and a crystalline alumina support.
C07B 35/06 - Decomposition, e.g. elimination of halogens, water or hydrogen halides
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
B01J 23/835 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with germanium, tin or lead
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C07C 45/00 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds
C07C 51/377 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
C07C 45/55 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition of oligo- or polymeric oxo-compounds
C07C 27/04 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds by reduction of oxygen-containing compounds
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C07C 29/00 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C 51/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides
C07D 307/46 - Doubly bound oxygen atoms, or two oxygen atoms singly bound to the same carbon atom
39.
Production of aromatics from di- and polyoxygenates
C07C 27/10 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds by oxidation of hydrocarbons
C07B 35/06 - Decomposition, e.g. elimination of halogens, water or hydrogen halides
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
B01J 23/835 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with germanium, tin or lead
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C07C 45/00 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds
C07C 51/377 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass to produce aqueous and organic products using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.
C13B 10/14 - Production of sugar juices using extracting agents other than water, e.g. alcohol or salt solutions
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C13K 1/02 - GlucoseGlucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
C07C 45/60 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom in six-membered rings
C07C 51/377 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
C07C 41/09 - Preparation of ethers by dehydration of compounds containing hydroxy groups
C07C 45/59 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom in five-membered rings
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C07C 27/04 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds by reduction of oxygen-containing compounds
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
Processes and reactor systems are provided for the conversion of oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrocarbons, ketones and alcohols useful as liquid fuels, such as gasoline, jet fuel or diesel fuel, and industrial chemicals. The process involves the conversion of mono-oxygenated hydrocarbons to aromatics and gasoline range hydrocarbons where the oxygenated hydrocarbons are derived from biomass.
C07C 1/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C07C 2/86 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
C07C 45/57 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
44.
Solvolysis of biomass using solvent from a bioreforming process
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C08B 30/12 - Degraded or non-chemically modified starchBleaching of starch
1-2 oxygenates can be collected and used as a final chemical product, or used in downstream processes to produce liquid fuels, chemicals and other products.
C07C 1/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C07B 63/00 - PurificationSeparation specially adapted for the purpose of recovering organic compoundsStabilisationUse of additives
C08B 30/12 - Degraded or non-chemically modified starchBleaching of starch
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
B01J 23/46 - Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass to produce aqueous and organic products using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.
C13B 10/14 - Production of sugar juices using extracting agents other than water, e.g. alcohol or salt solutions
D21B 1/02 - Pretreatment of the raw materials by physical or chemical means
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C08B 30/00 - Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
C13K 1/02 - GlucoseGlucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
Described are methods for preparing liquid fuel and chemical intermediates from biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons in a single reactor. The method includes reacting a water soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature, pressure, and weight hour space velocity for a time sufficient to produce a self-separating, three-phase product stream comprising a vapor phase, an organic phase, and an aqueous phase. A portion of the organic phase can be reacted to produce alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, and aromatics.
C07C 1/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
C07C 45/57 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom
The present invention provides catalysts, methods, and reactor systems for converting oxygenated hydrocarbons to oxygenated compounds. The invention includes methods for producing cyclic ethers, monooxygenates, dioxygenates, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and alcohols from oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like, using catalysts containing Group VIII metals. The oxygenated compounds produced are useful in the production of liquid fuels, chemicals, and other products.
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
C07C 37/50 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions decreasing the number of carbon atoms
C07C 29/147 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C07D 309/02 - Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
C07D 309/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
C07D 309/06 - Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
C07D 407/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond
C07D 307/33 - Oxygen atoms in position 2, the oxygen atom being in its keto or unsubstituted enol form
C07D 307/36 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
C07C 27/04 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds by reduction of oxygen-containing compounds
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
B01J 23/887 - Molybdenum containing in addition other metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting alkanols to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 45/00 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds
C07C 51/16 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation
C07C 29/32 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions without formation of hydroxy groups
C07C 51/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides
C07C 67/293 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the hydroxylic moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the hydroxylic moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton
51.
Catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of oxygenated hydrocarbons
The present invention provides catalysts, methods, and reactor systems for converting oxygenated hydrocarbons to oxygenated compounds. The invention includes methods for producing cyclic ethers, monooxygenates, dioxygenates, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and alcohols from oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like, using catalysts containing palladium, molybdenum, tin, and tungsten. The oxygenated compounds produced are useful in the production of liquid fuels, chemicals, and other products.
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C07C 27/04 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds by reduction of oxygen-containing compounds
B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafniumOxides or hydroxides thereof
C07D 307/33 - Oxygen atoms in position 2, the oxygen atom being in its keto or unsubstituted enol form
C07D 307/36 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
C07D 309/02 - Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
C07D 309/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
C07D 309/06 - Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
C07D 407/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting alkanols to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C07C 1/22 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by reduction
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C01B 3/22 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
B01J 23/80 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with zinc, cadmium or mercury
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C07C 45/38 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of C—O— functional groups to C=O groups being a primary hydroxy group
C07C 45/00 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds
C07C 51/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides
C07C 67/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
B01J 23/00 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting carboxylic acids to aromatic hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
54.
Process for converting biomass to aromatic hydrocarbons
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting biomass to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting biomass to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
56.
HYDROGENATION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS TO INCREASE YIELD OF AROMATICS
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting carboxylic acids to aromatic hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
57.
PRODUCTION OF AROMATICS FROM DI-AND POLY-OXYGENATES
Methods, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing in high yield aromatic chemicals and liquid fuels from a mixture of oxygenates comprising di- and polyoxygenates are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing aromatic chemicals and liquid fuels from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like; and methods, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing the mixture of oxygenates from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like. The disclosed catalysts for preparing the mixture of oxygenates comprise a Group VIII metal and a crystalline alumina support.
Methods, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing in high yield aromatic chemicals and liquid fuels from a mixture of oxygenates comprising di- and polyoxygenates are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing aromatic chemicals and liquid fuels from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like; and methods, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing the mixture of oxygenates from oxygenated hydrocarbons such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like. The disclosed catalysts for preparing the mixture of oxygenates comprise a Group VIII metal and a crystalline alumina support.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
B01J 23/835 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with germanium, tin or lead
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
B01J 23/835 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with germanium, tin or lead
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
C07C 51/377 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
C07C 45/60 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom in six-membered rings
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
C07C 41/09 - Preparation of ethers by dehydration of compounds containing hydroxy groups
C07C 45/59 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom in five-membered rings
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting in a continuous process biomass to less complex oxygenated compounds for use in downstream processes to produce biofuels and chemicals. The invention includes methods of converting the components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to water-soluble materials, including lignocellulosic derivatives, cellulosic derivatives, hemicellulosic derivatives, carbohydrates, starches, polysaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, sugars, sugar alcohols, alditols, polyols, diols, alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof, using hydrogen and a heterogeneous liquefaction catalyst.
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
B01J 23/46 - Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
B01J 23/68 - Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
62.
Catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of oxygenated hydrocarbons
The present invention provides catalysts, methods, and reactor systems for converting oxygenated hydrocarbons to oxygenated compounds. The invention includes methods for producing cyclic ethers, monooxygenates, dioxygenates, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and alcohols from oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like, using catalysts containing palladium, molybdenum, tin, and tungsten. The oxygenated compounds produced are useful in the production of liquid fuels, chemicals, and other products.
The present invention provides catalysts, methods, and reactor systems for converting oxygenated hydrocarbons to oxygenated compounds. The invention includes methods for producing cyclic ethers, monooxygenates, dioxygenates, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and alcohols from oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like, using catalysts containing Group VIII metals. The oxygenated compounds produced are useful in the production of liquid fuels, chemicals, and other products.
Disclosed are methods for generating propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and other polyols, diols, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids and alcohols from biomass using hydrogen produced from the biomass. The methods involve reacting a portion of an aqueous stream of a biomass feedstock solution over a catalyst under aqueous phase reforming conditions to produce hydrogen, and then reacting the hydrogen and the aqueous feedstock solution over a catalyst to produce propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and the other polyols, diols, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids and alcohols. The disclosed methods can be run at lower temperatures and pressures, and allows for the production of oxygenated hydrocarbons without the need for hydrogen from an external source.
C07C 45/00 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds
C07C 29/17 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
65.
Production of distillate fuels from biomass-derived polyoxygenates
8+ hydrocarbons using heterogenous catalysts. The product stream may be separated and further processed for use in chemical applications, or as a neat fuel or a blending component in jet fuel and diesel fuel, or as heavy oils for lubricant and/or fuel oil applications.
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/10 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
66.
Dehydrogenation of alkanols to increase yield of aromatics
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting alkanols to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 45/38 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of C—O— functional groups to C=O groups being a primary hydroxy group
C01B 3/22 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
B01J 23/80 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with zinc, cadmium or mercury
Processes and reactor systems are provided for the conversion of oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrocarbons, ketones and alcohols useful as liquid fuels, such as gasoline, jet fuel or diesel fuel, and industrial chemicals. The process involves the conversion of mono-oxygenated hydrocarbons to aromatics and gasonline range hydrocarbons where the oxygenated hydrocarbons are derived from biomass.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C07C 2/86 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
68.
DEHYDROGENATION OF ALKANOLS TO INCREASE YIELD OF AROMATICS
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting alkanols to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 45/38 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of C—O— functional groups to C=O groups being a primary hydroxy group
69.
DEHYDROGENATION OF ALKANOLS TO INCREASE YIELD OF AROMATICS
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting alkanols to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 45/38 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of C—O— functional groups to C=O groups being a primary hydroxy group
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting alkanols to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C07C 45/00 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 51/16 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
1-2 oxygenates can be collected and used as a final chemical product, or used in downstream processes to produce liquid fuels, chemicals and other products.
C08B 37/00 - Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups Derivatives thereof
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass using water. The method generally includes loading a reactor with biomass and water, heating the reactor to a first deconstruction temperature and establishing a first deconstruction pressure, maintaining the reactor at the first deconstruction temperature and a first deconstruction pressure for a first deconstruction period, flushing the reactor with water, and repeating these steps one or more times after establishing a second deconstructing temperature and second deconstruction pressure.
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
74.
Methods for biomass deconstruction and purification
The present invention provides processes for deconstructing and purifying biomass using water. The method includes the steps of loading a reactor with biomass and water, establishing and maintaining a deconstruction temperature and pressure for a deconstruction period, flushing the reactor with water, and repeating these steps to produce a solid phase and a biomass hydrolysate.
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C07C 1/22 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by reduction
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
75.
Solvolysis of biomass to produce aqueous and organic products
The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass to produce aqueous and organic products using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.
C08B 37/00 - Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups Derivatives thereof
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting in a continuous process biomass to fuels and chemicals. The invention includes methods of converting the water insoluble components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to volatile C2+01-2 oxygenates, such as alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof. In certain applications, the volatile C2+01-2 oxygenates can be collected and used as a final chemical product, or used in downstream processes toproduce liquid fuels, chemicals and other products.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting in a continuous process biomass to fuels and chemicals. The invention includes methods of converting the water insoluble components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to volatile C2+01-2 oxygenates, such as alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof. In certain applications, the volatile C2+01-2 oxygenates can be collected and used as a final chemical product, or used in downstream processes toproduce liquid fuels, chemicals and other products.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
The present invention includes methods for removing mineral acids, mineral salts and contaminants, such as metal impurities, ash, terpenoids, stilbenes, flavonoids, proteins, and other inorganic products, from a lignocellulosic feedstock stream containing organic acids, carbohydrates, starches, polysaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, sugars, sugar alcohols, phenols, cresols, and other oxygenated hydrocarbons, in a manner that maintains a portion of the organic acids and other oxygenated hydrocarbons in the product stream.
C07H 1/08 - SeparationPurification from natural products
C10G 17/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds, or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge with acids or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge
C13K 1/02 - GlucoseGlucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
C13K 1/06 - GlucoseGlucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of starch or raw materials containing starch
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
The present invention includes methods for removing contaminants, such as mineral salts, mineral acids, terpenoids, stilbenes, flavonoids, proteinaceous materials, metal impurities, ash and other organic products, from a lignocellulosic feedstock stream containing oxygenated hydrocarbons.
C10G 17/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds, or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge with acids or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C12P 7/10 - Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate substrate containing cellulosic material
80.
Method of producing gaseous products using a downflow reactor
Reactor systems and methods are provided for the catalytic conversion of liquid feedstocks to synthesis gases and other noncondensable gaseous products. The reactor systems include a heat exchange reactor configured to allow the liquid feedstock and gas product to flow concurrently in a downflow direction. The reactor systems and methods are particularly useful for producing hydrogen and light hydrocarbons from biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons using aqueous phase reforming. The generated gases may find used as a fuel source for energy generation via PEM fuel cells, solid-oxide fuel cells, internal combustion engines, or gas turbine gensets, or used in other chemical processes to produce additional products. The gaseous products may also be collected for later use or distribution.
C01B 6/24 - Hydrides containing at least two metals, e.g. Li(AlH4)Addition complexes thereof
C01B 3/00 - HydrogenGaseous mixtures containing hydrogenSeparation of hydrogen from mixtures containing itPurification of hydrogen
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactorsChemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
81.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONVERTING BIOMASS TO FEEDSTOCK FOR BIOFUEL AND BIOCHEMICAL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Improved systems and methods for producing feedstock for biofuel and biochemical manufacturing processes are disclosed. Some systems and methods use components that are capable of transferring relatively high concentrations of solid biomass. Some systems and methods recycle a deconstruction catalyst.
The present invention includes improved systems and methods for producing biomass-derived feedstocks for biofuel and biochemical manufacturing processes. The systems and methods use components that are capable of transferring relatively high concentrations of solid biomass utilizing pressure variations between vessels, and allows for the recovery and recycling of heterogeneous catalyst materials.
Disclosed are methods for generating propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and other polyols, diols, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids and alcohols from biomass using hydrogen produced from the biomass. The methods involve reacting a portion of an aqueous stream of a biomass feedstock solution over a catalyst under aqueous phase reforming conditions to produce hydrogen, and then reacting the hydrogen and the aqueous feedstock solution over a catalyst to produce propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and the other polyols, diols, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids and alcohols. The disclosed methods can be run at lower temperatures and pressures, and allows for the production of oxygenated hydrocarbons without the need for hydrogen from an external source.
C07C 45/00 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds
C07C 29/17 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems and catalysts for converting biomass and biomass-derived feedstocks to C8+ hydrocarbons using heterogenous catalysts. The product stream may be separated and further processed for use in chemical applications, or as a neat fuel or a blending component in jet fuel and diesel fuel, or as heavy oils for lubricant and/or fuel oil applications.
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems and catalysts for converting biomass and biomass-derived feedstocks to C8+ hydrocarbons using heterogenous catalysts. The product stream may be separated and further processed for use in chemical applications, or as a neat fuel or a blending component in jet fuel and diesel fuel, or as heavy oils for lubricant and/or fuel oil applications.
8+ hydrocarbons using heterogenous catalysts. The product stream may be separated and further processed for use in chemical applications, or as a neat fuel or a blending component in jet fuel and diesel fuel, or as heavy oils for lubricant and/or fuel oil applications.
The present invention provides processes for catalytic deconstruction of biomass selected from the group consisting of agricultural residues, wood materials, municipal solid waste, and energy crops using a deconstruction catalyst and a solvent produced in a catalytic bioreforming reaction of water-soluble C2+O1+ oxygenated hydrocarbons in a liquid or vapor phase with H2 in the presence of a deoxygenation catalyst at a deoxygenation temperature greater than 180.degree.C and deoxygenation pressure less than 2000 psi.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
89.
Solvolysis of biomass using solvent from a bioreforming process
C08B 15/00 - Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose
C07C 31/00 - Saturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
90.
SOLVOLYSIS OF BIOMASS USING SOLVENT FROM A BIOREFORMING PROCESS
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting in a continuous process biomass to less complex oxygenated compounds for use in downstream processes to produce biofuels and chemicals. The invention includes methods of converting the components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to water-soluble materials, including lignocellulosic derivatives, cellulosic derivatives, hemicellulosic derivatives, carbohydrates, starches, polysaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, sugars, sugar alcohols, alditols, polyols, diols, alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof, using hydrogen and a heterogeneous liquefaction catalyst.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C13K 13/00 - Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
C07B 63/00 - PurificationSeparation specially adapted for the purpose of recovering organic compoundsStabilisationUse of additives
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
B01J 23/46 - Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting in a continuous process biomass to less complex oxygenated compounds for use in downstream processes to produce biofuels and chemicals. The invention includes methods of converting the components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to water-soluble materials, including lignocellulosic derivatives, cellulosic derivatives, hemicellulosic derivatives, carbohydrates, starches, polysaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, sugars, sugar alcohols, alditols, polyols, diols, alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof, using hydrogen and a heterogeneous liquefaction catalyst.
C07C 321/00 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
C07C 27/00 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds
C07C 35/08 - Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic containing six-membered rings
B01J 3/00 - Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matterApparatus therefor
C07C 29/14 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C13K 1/02 - GlucoseGlucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
96.
SOLVOLYSIS OF BIOMASS USING SOLVENT FROM A BIOREFORMING PROCESS
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting in a continuous process biomass to less complex oxygenated compounds for use in downstream processes to produce biofuels and chemicals. The invention includes methods of converting the components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to water-soluble materials, including lignocellulosic derivatives, cellulosic derivatives, hemicellulosic derivatives, carbohydrates, starches, polysaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, sugars, sugar alcohols, alditols, polyols, diols, alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof, using hydrogen and a heterogeneous liquefaction catalyst.
C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
98.
Method for producing bio-fuel that integrates heat from carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions to drive biomass gasification reactions
2/CO gas mixture) in an endothermic gasification reaction is described. The synthesis gas is used in exothermic carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions, such as Fischer-Tropsch, methanol, or dimethylether syntheses. The heat from the exothermic carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction is integrated with the endothermic gasification reaction, thus providing an energy-efficient route for producing fuels and chemicals from renewable biomass resources.
