A novel modification of lignin which improves its flame-retardant property is described. This functionalization involves an insertion of TAD (1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione) moiety to lignin system. The TAD derivatives, bearing a nitrogen-rich skeleton, were chosen thanks to their ability to release non-flammable gases to dilute fuel and cool down a burning area as well as form a barrier to prevent heat transfer.
The present invention relates to a method for producing a carbonatable binder composition comprising a mixed Ca-Mg silicate, wherein the method comprises forming a mixed Ca-Mg silicate by heating a reactive mixture to a temperature between 800 °C and 1400 °C, thereby obtaining the carbonatable binder composition, wherein the reactive mixture comprises between 40 and 90 % by weight of a mineral source material comprising a Mg-comprising silicate, and between 60 and 10 % by weight of a Ca- comprising compound, wherein a molar ratio of elemental Mg to elemental Si in the mineral source material is between 5:1 and 1:5, and wherein the Ca-comprising compound is capable of reacting with the Mg-comprising silicate. The invention further relates to a carbonatable binder composition comprising at least 10 % by weight of akermanite.
The present invention relates to a microwave (MW) assisted leaching method (1) for extracting a PGM from a PGM-comprising product, comprising: providing (2) an aqueous leaching solution comprising HCl and an alkali metal chloride (MCl); adding (3) a product comprising a PGM to the aqueous leaching solution; heating (4) the aqueous leaching solution to a temperature between 120 °C and 250 °C by means of MW heating, thereby obtaining a slurry comprising a leachate comprising the PGM and a solid residue; cooling (5) the slurry; and separating (6) the leachate from the solid residue, thereby obtaining the extracted PGM; wherein the concentration of HCl, MCl and chloride anions in the aqueous leaching solution is between 0.25 M and 5 M, between 0.5 M and 5 M, and equal to or higher than 2 M, respectively.
B01J 19/12 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
C22B 7/00 - Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof
A computer-implemented method and computer-system for optimizing the design of a physical thermal energy transfer channel. The process involves defining a unit cell based on target design criteria, and then using these unit cells to form the channel. The optimization is performed at the unit cell level, focusing on improving thermal performance through iterative material redistribution within the cell. The optimized design parameters for the unit cell is output and used to manufacture the optimized thermal energy transfer channel with a specified arrangement of these unit cells as a physical object, based thereon.
G06F 30/28 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
A computer-implemented method of determining configuration parameters for a nested fluid transport pipe consisting of an inner and outer pipe. The method involves receiving design constraints for the pipe and performing a computational fluid dynamics simulation to determine a swirl number that represents the swirling motion of the fluid stream. The simulation is performed under the condition that the inner pipe is centred with respect to the outer pipe. Based on the determined swirl number, the method calculates at least one configuration parameter for the nested fluid pipe to achieve the desired level of swirl in the fluid.
G06F 30/20 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation
G06F 30/28 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
F24T 10/10 - Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
G06F 30/17 - Mechanical parametric or variational design
F28F 13/06 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
6.
A METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL POROUS STRUCTURE
A method and system for manufacturing a three-dimensional porous structure, wherein interconnected filaments are deposited in a predetermined arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers, wherein the filaments of the consecutive layers are connected to one another to obtain the porous structure with interconnected pores, wherein filaments in the layers are deposited along waved paths such that narrowed regions and widened regions between at least one subset of adjacent filaments deposited along said waved paths are formed, wherein the plurality of stacked layers are positioned such that the widened regions formed in subsequent layers are at least partially overlapping so as to form intra-structure channels.
In general, the present invention relates to a method to prepare a thermoplastic functional polyester, and in particular provides a ring-opening co-polymerization method of epoxide monomers and cyclic anhydride monomers, wherein at least part of the epoxide monomers are lignin-derived glycidyl ether monomers. The present invention further relates to the polymer obtained by the method, in particular a thermoplastic lignin-derived functional polyester, and the use of the polymer in the preparation of further polymers, such as polyurethanes.
A method of characterizing thermal energy distribution in a thermal energy exchange system using a data-driven model, the system having a thermal energy supply unit configured to supply heating/cooling, and a plurality of receiving units configured to consume heating/cooling supplied by said thermal energy supply unit. Connections of at least a subset of multiple receiving units to a primary supply line and a primary return line of the supply unit are modelled as respectively a single supply line and a single return line, wherein values indicative of temperature and flow rate of thermal energy exchange medium at the single supply line and the single return line are unknown to the data-driven model. An input parameter set is provided to a trained machine learning model system which is configured to output at least one prediction value, the at least one prediction value including a value indicative of a property of the thermal energy exchange system, and wherein the input parameter set includes at least a value indicative of a temperature of thermal energy exchange medium supplied by the thermal energy supply unit via the primary supply line.
G05D 23/19 - Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
NEW ZEALAND FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE LIMITED TRADING AS SCION (New Zealand)
Inventor
Vendamme, Richard
Feghali, Elias
Quinsaat, Jose Enrico Quijano
Torr, Kirk M.
Abstract
In general, the present invention relates to lignin-derived monomers, as well as polymers prepared with these lignin-derived monomers. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods to prepare these monomers from feedstock rich in lignin, such as lignocellulosic biomass, as well as methods to prepare polymers with the obtained monomers.
System for testing sample materials for electrocatalytic reactions, said system comprising two separate components consisting of a sample holder for holding the sample materials to be tested, and a sampling head for testing the sample materials, in particular in an automated manner for high throughput. The system has three electrodes, a working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode. The system further includes a displacement arrangement for moving the sampling sample holder and/or the sampling head relative to each other and into a testing position.
A computer-implemented method for systematic configuration, assessment and optimization of a thermal transfer device comprising a plurality of thermal transfer elements arranged in a structured way, wherein each thermal transfer element extends along an axial path, the method including the steps of: starting with an initial geometric design of the plurality of thermal transfer elements; using an optimization framework with a computational model for performing computerized simulations of fluid dynamics and heat transfer at least around said thermal transfer elements during intended operation of the thermal transfer device, in order to perform geometric design optimization of each thermal transfer element based on an optimization algorithm targeting predetermined criteria, wherein the optimization framework is configured to iteratively refine the geometric design of each individual thermal transfer element; and wherein the geometric design of multiple thermal transfer elements are allowed to be varied independently of each other during optimization.
G06F 30/17 - Mechanical parametric or variational design
G06F 30/28 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
The present invention relates to a method (1) for producing a self-standing and flexible porous composite electrode comprising: preparing (2) a slurry consisting of a solvent, between 1 % and 25 % by weight of a polymeric binder material, between 10 % and 80 % by weight of particles comprising an electrochemically active material and optionally a pore-forming agent, based on the total weight of the slurry, wherein the polymeric binder material is at least partially dissolved in the solvent; shaping (3) the slurry, thereby obtaining a green body; subjecting the green body to phase inversion (4), thereby forming the porous composite electrode consisting of a porous matrix and the particles comprising the electrochemically active material; wherein the weight ratio of the polymeric binder material to the particles in the slurry is between 2:98 and 50:50, and a total amount of the polymeric binder material and the particles in the slurry is between 32 % and 80 % by weight, based on the total weight of the slurry. The invention further relates to a self-standing and flexible porous composite electrode consisting of a porous matrix consisting of a polymeric binder material and particles comprising an electrochemically active material.
A tubular heat exchanger, comprising an inlet, an outlet, and staggered thermal transfer tubes positioned axially between them. The tubes are grouped into three sets with varying cross-sectional shapes and tapering characteristics. The first set has tubes with a more sharply tapering front section, the second set has tubes with a more sharply tapering back section, and the third set features tubes with a unique elongated shape, distinct from the first two sets. The invention also pertains to a method of arranging a tubular heat exchanger.
F28F 1/02 - Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
F28F 1/04 - Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular polygonal, e.g. rectangular
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
F28D 1/053 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
14.
METHOD FOR PREPARING HIGH-PERFORMANCE METAL POROUS ELECTRODES
The present invention is related to a method of producing a porous electrode comprising: preparing a slurry comprising a solvent, between 1 % and 25 % by weight of a polymeric binder material and between 10 % and 80 % by weight of particles comprising an electrochemically active material, based on the total weight of the slurry, the polymeric binder material being at least partially dissolved in the solvent; applying the slurry to a porous electrically conductive support; and subjecting the slurry of the coated support comprising the slurry to phase inversion, thereby forming the porous electrode, which comprises the porous electrically conductive support and a porous composite comprising a porous matrix, comprising the polymeric binder material, and the particles comprising the electrochemically active material, wherein the particles are dispersed in the porous matrix, wherein the weight ratio of the polymeric binder material to the particles in the slurry is between 2:98 and 50:50, and wherein a total amount of the polymeric binder material and the particles in the slurry is between 32 % and 80 % by weight, based on the total weight of the slurry. The invention further relates to a porous electrode comprising a porous electrically conductive support and a porous composite comprising a porous matrix comprising a polymeric binder material and particles comprising an electrochemically active material.
C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
C25B 11/069 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of at least one single element and at least one compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of two or more compounds
C25B 11/075 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
C25B 11/081 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the element being a noble metal
The present invention relates to a method for the separation of at least one pollutant from a liquid by means of a membrane wherein a complexing compound is provided to complexing the at least one pollutant.
A method of producing a carbonate bonded article includes preparing a reactive mixture having a particulate mineral source and an aqueous source, and reacting the reactive mixture with carbon dioxide to form a mineral matrix including carbonates. The particulate mineral source includes a leachable compound, the leachable compound including one or more elements selected from: As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, F, Hg, Mo, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, V, and Zn. The reactive mixture includes a reducing agent, where the reducing agent includes one or more of a sulfide, disulfide, and polysulfide compound that reacts with the particulate mineral source. The pH of the reactive mixture is at least 10.
An extrusion printing system configured to extrude a paste material through one or more nozzles, the extrusion printing system comprising a gear pump unit comprising a first gear element having a plurality of first lobes disposed circumferentially around a first central axis, and a second gear element having a plurality of second lobes disposed circumferentially around a second central axis, wherein the first lobes are configured to cooperate with the second lobes to facilitate a pumping action of the paste material, wherein the first lobes and the second lobes are structured and arranged such that they do not come into direct contact with each other and keep a minimum gap distance therebetween at any point throughout the rotation of the first and second gear elements during the pumping action.
An extrusion printing system configured to extrude a build material, wherein the system includes: a plurality of gear pump units arranged consecutively, wherein each gear pump unit has an inflow portion for receiving build material and an outflow portion for transferring build material towards at least one nozzle, wherein each gear pump unit comprises a first gear element having a plurality of first lobes disposed circumferentially around a first central axis, and a second gear element having a plurality of second lobes disposed circumferentially around a second central axis, wherein the first lobes are configured to cooperate with the second lobes to facilitate a pumping action of the build material; a feed channel in fluid communication with the inflow portion of each of the plurality of gear pump units, wherein the feed channel is configured to feed build material to each of the plurality of gear pump units; and wherein, during operation, the gear pump units are configured to induce movement to the build material within the feed channel.
The present invention relates to a method for reducing the amount of one or more of a residue, such as a fat residue or oil residue, entrapped in a spent sorbent. The present invention further pertains to the sorbent obtained by the present method.
A carbon dioxide capture structure having a monolithic three-dimensional shape, the structure being porous with interconnected pores which are accessible from an exterior side of the structure. The structure is made of a building material including a first material and a second material. The first material is a sorbent material (e.g. functionalizable for carbon dioxide adsorption). The second material is a binder material including potassium silicate. The present disclosure also relates to a method of making the carbon dioxide structure and a method for removing carbon dioxide from a gas or fluid mixture.
B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
B01J 20/04 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbonSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
The method involves producing a porous structure by mixing polymerisable monomers, polymerization initiator with particles of electrochemically active metals or compounds to form a slurry. The slurry then is deposited using variety of methods to form green body. Formed greed body is then solidified by in-situ polimerization via thermal or photoactivation of polymerization initiator. This phase is then heated to a sintering temperature to cause sintering of the particles in inert, reducing or oxidizing atmosphere. The polymerisable monomer is chosen such that the solid green body has a decomposition temperature smaller than or equal to the sintering temperature of the metals or compounds. The particles can have a size between 5 nm and 100 micron, and may include nano particles with a size between 10 nm and 50 micron. The method can also involve mixing 20-80 wt.% of metals or metal oxides with 20-80 wt.% of polymerisable monomer. The resulting electrode can have a thickness of at least 30 micron and a porosity of between 30 and 90%.
C25B 11/067 - Inorganic compound e.g. ITO, silica or titania
C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
C25B 11/095 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one of the compounds being organic
According to an embodiment a method is disclosed for determining an efficiency of a drilling process performed by an electro pulse drill comprising a drill head (103) driven by a Marx generator (100) provided to produce an electric discharge current (200, 300) penetrating a medium, the electric discharge current (200, 300) flowing between a first and second drill tip and the electric discharge current (200, 300) originating from a high-voltage pulse generated by the Marx generator (100) comprising a set of spark gaps (110-113) between capacitors (130-133), the method comprising the steps of capturing radiation at a Marx generator spark gap (110) being produced when the Marx generator (100) discharges; filtering the captured radiation at a predefined wavelength; and measuring a duration of a time period during which the filtered radiation is above a predefined threshold; determining the efficiency of the drilling process based on the measured duration (201, 301).
The invention concerns a system for balancing charge over rechargeable energy storage devices coupled in series, comprising : balancing units assigned to the rechargeable energy storage devices; an AC signal generator providing an AC signal to the balancing units for balancing the charge on their assigned rechargeable energy storage devices; and a capacitive coupling between the AC signal generator and the balancing units for common mode blocking; wherein the balancing units comprise switching circuits for transferring charge from the AC signal generator to said energy storage devices, and wherein each switching circuit comprises : a first transistor, a first a diode, and a second diode, arranged to transfer, when said first transistor is in a conducting state, charge from the AC signal generator to a respective energy storage device; and a second transistor and a first resistor arranged to discharge, when said second transistor is in a conducting state, charge from said respective energy storage device over said first resistor. A corresponding method is also disclosed.
The invention relates to a Marx generator comprising a circuit which includes at least two capacitors which are arranged to be charged in parallel and to be discharged in series. The circuit comprises at least two spark gap switches, wherein each spark gap switch comprises two electrodes separated by a gap distance which is filled with a pressurized gas, and wherein each spark gap switch is configured to allow an electric spark to pass between its two electrodes in case a potential difference between said two electrodes exceeds a breakdown voltage, and wherein the Marx generator includes an adjustment unit which is configured to adjust the gap distance between the two electrodes of each of the at least two spark gap switches such as to control the output voltage, wherein the adjustment unit is configured to adjust the gap distance by means of a pressure controlled actuator and/or volume controlled actuator.
H03K 3/537 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a spark gap
G01V 1/157 - Generating seismic energy using spark dischargesGenerating seismic energy using exploding wires
H01T 11/00 - Spark gaps specially adapted as rectifiers
25.
A DAISY CHAIN CONNECTED MASTER-SLAVE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND A METHOD OF OPERATING THEREOF
The invention relates to a daisy chain connected master-slave communication system, and a method of operating thereof. The system comprises a master and a concatenation of N slaves linked in a chain, wherein the master is connected to each of the N slaves through a communication line, wherein the system is configured to use the communication line for serial data communication from the master to the N slaves, wherein a n-th slave is connected with a (n+1)-th slave through a chain line, n being an integer of 1 or more and less than N, wherein the master comprises a communication port which is connected to a first slave of the N slaves through a first chain line, and wherein the system is configured to employ the chain lines for serial data communication from the slaves to the communication port of the master.
A data processing system and method for regulating and/or controlling medical device operation parameters in a healthcare system based on predictive outputs and real-time data analysis from integrated machine learning models is provided. The system comprises a primary machine learning model configured to generate predictions based on patient data; an uncertainty module, linked to the primary machine learning model, configured to calculate uncertainty for each prediction of the primary machine learning model; an out-of-distribution (OOD) module, incorporating an OOD detector, wherein the OOD module is configured to assess whether the patient data is in-distribution or out-of-distribution; an auxiliary machine learning model, trained to receive at least inputs from the uncertainty module and OOD module, and based on the inputs to output a value indicative for which cases a predetermined target performance level for predictions generated by the primary machine learning model is met. A feedback control module communicatively coupled to the auxiliary machine learning model, adjusts one or more operational parameters of the healthcare system based on the received outputted value.
G06N 3/00 - Computing arrangements based on biological models
G16H 50/20 - ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
G16H 50/70 - ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for mining of medical data, e.g. analysing previous cases of other patients
27.
PEPTIDES, PEPTIDIC NUCLEIC ACIDS (PNA) AND OLIGONUCLEOTIDES SYNTHESIS ASSISTED BY MEMBRANE EXTRACTION
ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - UNIVERSITA'DI BOLOGNA (Italy)
Inventor
Ormerod, Dominic
So, Wing Ho
Gratecat, Izaskun
Cabri, Walter
Tolomelli, Alessandra
Ferrazzano, Lucia
Abstract
The present invention is related to a system and method for peptide and oligonucleotide ("tide") manufacture, making use of reactor with discriminating membrane technology to separate out byproducts and excess reagents from the reaction mixture. The discriminating membrane technology is based on the application of a membrane which is configured to act as a solid phase extraction membrane between a reaction chamber and an extraction chamber present within the reactor with an affinity for reagents and by-products present in the reaction chamber.
An energy storage system includes an energy storage string formed by rechargeable cells connected in series and an energy management device including a master control unit and at least a first local control unit associated to a first rechargeable cell. A storage string connecting circuit is coupling a positive string terminal with a negative string terminal and a cell connecting circuit is coupling a positive and a negative cell terminal of the first rechargeable cell. The storage string connecting circuit includes a first capacitor device forming with the energy storage string a first closed-loop LC-circuit, and/or the cell connecting circuit includes a second capacitor device forming with the first rechargeable cell a second closed-loop LC-circuit. A master AC signal generator and a local signal generator are configured for generating a first and a second AC pulse in respectively the storage string connecting circuit and the cell connecting circuit.
The present invention is related to a composite ion-exchange membrane and to a method of manufacturing said membrane. In particular, the non-porous ion-exchange membrane integrates an ion conductive polymer for application in alkaline water electrolysis application.
H01M 8/1081 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
H01M 8/1069 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
H01M 8/1032 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
30.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED METHOD TO PREDICT INDIVIDUAL REFERENCE CHANGE VALUES
A computer-implemented non-parametric method for estimating the upper and lower bounds of an Individual Reference Change Value, I-RCV, for a measured test value of a subject, said method using a longitudinal data set of corresponding test values for said subject and at least three different independent subjects, and applying two I-RCV models on said longitudinal data to estimate said upper and lower bounds with a symmetry property between said upper and lower bounds, characterized in that the two I-RCV models include the observed time lags between consecutive measurements in the longitudinal data as a covariate in the model to determine a difference between the two consecutive measurements on the same subject.
G06F 17/18 - Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data
G16H 50/30 - ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indicesICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for individual health risk assessment
G16H 10/40 - ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data for data related to laboratory analysis, e.g. patient specimen analysis
G16H 50/70 - ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for mining of medical data, e.g. analysing previous cases of other patients
31.
RESIDUE EXTRACTION FROM A SORBENT WITH A CHLORINATED SOLVENT
The present invention relates to a method for recovering a residue from a spent sorbent, such as a fat residue or an oil residue, entrapped in a spent sorbent. The present invention further pertains to the sorbent and the residue obtained by the present method.
The invention relates to an additive manufacturing system (1) and a method for manufacturing one or more three-dimensional structures. At least one deposition unit (3) with one or more nozzles (5) is arranged for dispensing a build material through an opening area thereof on a print surface (7). A controller is provided which is configured to operate the system (1) for deposition of filaments of a build material paste on the print surface (7) in an interconnected arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers in order to form the one or more three-dimensional structures. An actuation unit (9) is arranged in order to have printing access to the at least one deposition unit (3), wherein the actuation unit (9) is configured to hold the print surface. The controller is configured to control the actuation unit (9) so as to move the print surface (7) at the at least one deposition unit (3) during deposition of the filaments by said deposition unit. The one or more nozzles (5) of the at least one deposition unit (3) are arranged to remain stationary during the deposition of the filaments.
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
The invention relates to additive manufacturing an object for separation and/or conversion of a substance from a liquid by guiding the liquid therethrough. A build material is printed in a predetermined arrangement in order to form a three-dimensional monolith structure. The build material includes an active/activated material configured to interact with the liquid. The three-dimensional monolith structure is printed to define an inlet, an outlet and a plurality of flow channels arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the structure, wherein the plurality of flow channels define meandering flow paths between the inlet and the outlet, wherein at least one mixing region is provided within the structure, wherein the at least one mixing region is in fluid connection with at least a set of the plurality of flow channels such as to allow mixing of the liquid guided through said set of the plurality of flow channels.
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
The present invention is related to a system and method for the removal of carbon dioxide from an atmosphere, more particularly by removing carbon dioxide from an atmosphere using water electrolysis, which produces hydrogen. The system and method are based on improvements related to the electrolyser which is fed by a CO2-rich, post-capture (bi)carbonate solution, wherein said improvements enable isolation of a 85:15 wt. % CO2/O2 gas mixture from the anolyte during operation, with an in line CO2/O2 separation at the anode of the electrolyser.
B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
A radionuclide separating system for separating a 213Bi daughter radionuclide from a 225Ac parent radionuclide, the radionuclide separating system comprising: an inlet for loading a liquid solution comprising the 225Ac parent radionuclide onto a column; the column comprising a sorbent material wherein the sorbent material is capable of interacting with the 225Ac parent radionuclide and 213Bi daughter radionuclide so as to allow selective desorption of the 225Ac parent radionuclide and/or the 213Bi daughter radionuclide at a different moment in time; and an outlet for selectively obtaining the 213Bi daughter radionuclide based on the selective desorption of the 225Ac parent radionuclide and the 213Bi daughter radionuclide, wherein the sorbent material is a carbon-based sorbent material.
C22B 3/24 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins
G21G 1/00 - Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation, or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes
36.
AN ENERGY TRANSFER SYSTEM, A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF, AND A METHOD OF INCREASING A THERMAL STABILITY OF A WORKING FLUID THEREIN
The invention relates to an energy transfer system comprising a thermal circuit with a working fluid configured to perform a thermodynamic cycle and/or an energy transfer process, the thermal circuit comprising a piping system for conveying the working fluid, and at least one energy transfer device, wherein the energy transfer device is configured to transfer a portion of energy from one part of the thermal circuit to another part of the thermal circuit, and wherein at least a portion of the thermal circuit comprises a coating layer on surfaces in contact with the working fluid, wherein the coating layer includes an inert material that is inert with respect to the working fluid during operation and that maintains structural integrity at a temperature above 550 K. and wherein the inert material, when in a pure state/form, has a thermal conductivity above 1000 W/mK at room temperature.
The present invention is directed to the field of dementia, providing non-purified CSF and CSF- derived EVs markers for differential dementia diagnosis in patients with Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Lewy body dementia. It not only provides the markers, but equally the method in using said markers for differential dementia diagnosis amongst the aforementioned patients.
The invention relates to a battery cell comprising a three-dimensional porous anode and a method of manufacturing of the battery cell with said anode. A build material comprising a carbon based active material is used, the carbon based active material configured to participate in a battery electrode reaction. Furthermore, interconnected filaments of a build material are deposited in a predetermined arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers, wherein the filaments of the consecutive layers are connected to one another to obtain a porous anode structure with intra-structure pores formed between filaments.
Provided herein is a method and system for determining an electromotive force curve of a battery for use in battery control applications. Measured data is received identifying an electromotive force for a plurality of state of charge values of the battery. A fitting processing is performed by using a curve fitting model for determining an electromotive force curve based on the measured data, the electromotive force curve indicating a continuous relationship between the electromotive force and a state of charge of the battery. The curve fitting model includes a fitting function consisting of only differentiable terms.
MoMo/m², wherein the molybdenum content in the mixture is measured by ICP-OES and the BET surface area is measured by multi-point BET analysis of a N2 adsorption isotherm. The invention further relates to a catalyst structure obtained by the methods of the invention.
The present invention concerns an additive manufacturing system for manufacturing one or more three-dimensional (3D) objects, comprising: - a print surface actuation unit (11) which is configured to hold a print surface (2), - at least one deposition unit (3) comprising at least one nozzle arranged for dispensing a building material, preferably in the form of filaments, through an opening area thereof on the print surface, and at least one nozzle actuation unit (10) arranged to hold the at least one nozzle, - a controller configured to operate the system for deposition of the building material, preferably in the form of filaments, on the print surface in an interconnected arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers in order to form the one or more three-dimensional objects, whereby the controller is configured to, during deposition of the building material by said deposition unit: - control the print surface actuation unit to move the print surface within a two-dimensionally (2D) defined print surface zone within which zone the print surface is moved during deposition of the building material, - control the nozzle actuation unit to move the at least one nozzle along a one-dimensionally (ID) defined nozzle trajectory, which extends under an angle with respect to the two-dimensionally defined print surface zone, thereby arranging a 3D relative position between the print surface and the nozzle for manufacturing the one or more 3D objects.
B29C 64/106 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
B29C 64/182 - Processes of additive manufacturing specially adapted for manufacturing multiple 3D objects in parallel batches
2222 into bulk chemicals and fuels such as Syngas, Formic Acid, Methanol, Ethanol, Ethane, Ethylene, Methane, Ammonia, and the like for durable operation (> 1000 hours).
A process for the manufacturing of a cement substitute may include: mixing an alkaline aluminosilicate containing material with at least one aluminosilicate hydrate containing material, and heating the thus obtained mixture to a calcination temperature of below 800° C. to form a calcined product comprising a reactive amorphous phase having the alkali ions bound therein. The process may further comprise a step of cooling the calcined product to a desired temperature. A cement substitute is obtainable by this process. The cement substitute includes a reactive amorphous phase of co-calcined alkali aluminosilicate containing material and aluminosilicate hydrate, containing material having alkali ions bound therein. The alkali ions are preferably sodium ions.
12 IMPROVED DRONE MONITORING METHOD AND SYSTEM Abstract The present invention concerns a drone monitoring method for observing and monitoring agricultural testing fields, comprising the steps of: (a) dividing the testing fields in a set of plots, each of the plots defined in a geographic information system, the plots being defined by coordinate information of 5 boundaries of 2D polygons, (b) defining at least one 2D sampling point in each plot for acquiring drone data, thereby obtaining a set of 2D sampling points, (c) overlaying the set of 2D sampling points with a digital elevation model, thereby obtaining an altitude reference height for each of the 2D sampling points, (d) for each 2D sampling point: determining an altitude coordinate corresponding to said 2D sampling point on the basis of the altitude reference height for said 2D sampling point, 10 and (e) for each 2D sampling point: determining a 3D sampling point by combining said 2D sampling point with the altitude coordinate corresponding to said 2D sampling point, wherein the altitude coordinate is determined by taking into account a canopy height at the 2D sampling point. Fig. 3 15
The present invention relates to the field of polymers. In particular, the present invention pertains to degradable polymers. curable compositions and methods of manufacturing thereof. In particular, the present invention pertains to curing agents for epoxy resins.
C08G 65/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
46.
METHOD FOR APPLYING A PROTECTIVE LAYER TO A METAL OR METAL ALLOY SURFACE, AND ARTICLE COMPRISING SUCH PROTECTIVE LAYER
A method is disclosed for applying a protective layer on at least part of an exposed surface of a substrate. The method includes activating a nitrogen comprising gas using an atmospheric pressure plasma discharge in a plasma discharge chamber to obtain an activated gas, and contacting the exposed surface with an afterglow of the activated gas egressing from the plasma discharge chamber. The protective layer is formed on at least part of the exposed surface. The surface comprises a metallic element or an alloy thereof. The metallic element is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. The surface and the plasma discharge chamber are moving relative one another during contacting the exposed surface with the afterglow of the activated gas.
C23C 8/36 - Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfacesChemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
H01M 4/1397 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
47.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN ORGANIC FUNCTIONALIZED INORGANIC SUBSTRATE
Methods are disclosed for producing an organic functionalized solid inorganic substrate, a surface of the inorganic substrate comprising a hydroxide and/or an oxide comprising an element M, the element M being a metal or a metalloid. The method includes drying the surface; optionally removing protons from the surface; and contacting the surface with an organometallic reagent comprising at least one organic functional moiety, thereby obtaining the organic functionalized inorganic substrate, the at least one organic functional moiety being attached to the element M of the hydroxide and/or the oxide by means of a direct M-C bond. The drying step includes contacting the surface with a flow comprising an inert gas. The organic functionalized inorganic substrate obtained by the method may be used as a membrane, a catalyst, a sorbent, a sensor or an electronic component, or as a substrate in filtration, adsorption, chromatography and/or separation processes.
The present invention relates to a system and method for training a model for predicting a capacity of a battery. The method comprises the steps of: - charging or discharging a training set comprising one or more batterie; - periodically measuring, during charging or discharging, the voltages and currents of the training set; - calculating an ICD curve (d2Q/dV2 curve as a function of V) for the batteries of the training set; - calculating the capacities of the batteries of the training set; - constructing a model that takes an ICD curve as an input and returns a predicted capacity as an output; - training the model with the ICD curves and the capacities of the training set. In addition, the present invention relates to a system and method for predicting a capacity of a battery, using the trained model.
A method and system for performing characterization of one or more materials. The one or more materials are scanned by means of a sensory unit including an x-ray sensor for obtaining at least one x-ray image. Segmentation of the at least one x-ray image is performed in order to separate one or more distinct objects in the at least one x-ray image. In the at least one x-ray image, segmented objects are selected. For each of the selected segmented objects in the at least one x-ray image, a transformation using a transformatio n model is computed, wherein each transformation is indicative of a three dimensional reconstruction of the respective selected segmented object in the at least one x-ray image. The selected segmented objects are characterized based upon its computed transformation.
B07C 5/34 - Sorting according to other particular properties
G01N 23/04 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
G01N 23/083 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the radiation being X-rays
G06V 10/26 - Segmentation of patterns in the image fieldCutting or merging of image elements to establish the pattern region, e.g. clustering-based techniquesDetection of occlusion
G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
50.
THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANES DERIVED FROM LIGNIN MONOMERS
In general the present invention relates to thermoplastic polyurethanes containing lignin-derived monomers, lignin model compounds or the products of their respective functionalization in their structure. More specifically, this process relates to the use of 4-hydroxylalkylphenols and their derivatives as lignin-derived monomers or lignin model compounds. These can act either as chain extenders or be part of the polyol. The thermoplastic polyurethanes can be partially or fully bio-based. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for preparing these thermoplastic polyurethanes and to their use.
The present invention relates to the field of polyurethanes, in particular, to a multicomponent polyurethane system comprising lignin, a polyurethane polymer and an adhesive thereof.
222 is allowed to be supplied to the precursor through the wall (3) while preventing liquid water to escape through the wall (3). The invention further relates to a method of producing a carbonate bonded article by carbonation comprising supplying a precursor to a mould (1, 100, 101, 102) according to the invention and to the use of the mould for obtaining such a carbonate bonded article with a compressive strength of at least 4 MPa.
B28B 7/34 - Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
B28B 7/44 - MouldsCoresMandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for treating with gases or degassing, e.g. for de-aerating
B28B 11/24 - Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
C04B 40/02 - Selection of the hardening environment
B28B 1/54 - Producing shaped articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from molten material, e.g. slag
53.
A METHOD FOR PRODUCING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MICROPOROUS FILAMENT CONSTRUCT
A method for producing a three-dimensional macro-porous filament construct having interconnected microporous filaments comprises: a) preparing a mixture comprising particles of one or more metals, one or more metal alloys or a combination thereof, one or more binders, a first liquid solvent for the one or more binders, and optionally one or more dispersants; b) dispersing particles containing at least one removable additive in said mixture; c) depositing said mixture in the form of filaments in a predetermined three-dimensional pattern of interconnected filaments, thereby creating a three-dimensional filament-based porous green structure; d) contacting the three-dimensional filament-based porous green structure formed in step c) with a second solvent which is a non-solvent for the one or more binders to induce phase inversion thereby creating a filament-based phase inverted porous structure having a filament micro-porosity, whereby at least part of said filaments are transformed to a solid state; e) removing the at least one removable additive by dissolving in a removal agent to create additional micro-porosity in the phase inverted porous structure; f) subjecting the thus obtained structure to a thermal treatment. The removal agent comprises or consists of the second liquid solvent, or the removal agent is a third liquid solvent distinct from the second liquid solvent.
The invention pertains to a portable apparatus (100) for sensing environmental parameters, the apparatus (100) comprising: a device (110) for sensing thermal radiation; an air temperature sensor (120); a humidity sensor (130); an incident light sensor (140); a processor (150), operatively connected to said device (110) for sensing thermal radiation, said air temperature sensor (120), said humidity sensor (130), and said incident light sensor (140); and a non-volatile memory (160), operatively connected to said processor (150). The processor (150) is configured to: obtain substantially synchronous measurement values from said device (110) for sensing thermal radiation, said air temperature sensor (120), said humidity sensor (130), and said incident light sensor (140); and store said substantially synchronous measurement values and/or a physical quantity computed from said substantially synchronous measurement values, in said non-volatile memory (160). The invention also pertains to a method (200) of assessing environmental parameters over an extended geographic area.
G01W 1/06 - Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed giving a combined indication of weather conditions
G01D 21/02 - Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
55.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FLUORESCENT PARTICLE CHARACTERIZATION
A method and an apparatus for characterizing a sample of particles are configured to inject the sample in a liquid comprising a density gradient medium contained in an internal chamber (25) of a disk (21) rotating about an axis (200) of rotation, to subject the particles of the sample to centrifugal separation in the liquid in the internal chamber, to illuminate the particles of the sample at a first radial position (253) with respect to the axis of rotation with a first light wavelength and to collect, in response to illuminating with the first light wavelength, first data representative of light scattering and light absorbance, as a function of time, to illuminate the particles of the sample at a second radial position (254) with respect to the axis of rotation with a second light wavelength thereby inducing fluorescence emission of at least a portion of the particles and to collect fluorescence data representative of the induced fluorescence emission, as a function of time, and to determine a measurement representative of at least one property of the particles based on the first data and the fluorescence data.
A process for the recycling of a vinyl chloride polymer material which comprises an initial level of one or more additive compounds comprises providing an aqueous acid composition comprising one or more alcohols and one or more acids, contacting the vinyl chloride polymer material and a volume of the acid composition to cause extraction of the one or more additive compounds from the vinyl chloride polymer material, wherein the acid composition forms a two-phase system with the vinyl chloride polymer material, comprising a solid phase comprising a purified vinyl chloride polymer material and a liquid phase comprising the alcohol, the water, the acid and the extracted one or more additive compounds, and separating the solid phase comprising the purified vinyl chloride polymer material and the liquid phase comprising the extracted one or more additive compounds.
The present invention relates to a process for recovering platinum group metals from a feed containing one or more precursor compounds of one or more platinum group metal ions, wherein the process comprises the steps of (i) supplying to a cathode compartment of an electrochemical cell equipped with a cathode comprising a gas diffusion electrode with a porous electrochemically active material, the feed containing the one or more precursor compounds to form a liquid phase in the cathode compartment, (ii) supplying a CO2 containing gas to the cathode compartment, (iii) applying a potential to the cathode which is such as to cause electrochemical reduction of the CO2 to CO, (iv) and recovering from the liquid phase precipitated particles of the one or more platinum group metals in clemental form.
The present invention is directed to an assay for the detection of Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) using localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold nanorods (GNRs) coated with lectin-binding glyco-polymers. The linker between mannose and the gold nanorod comprises PEG-alkane-thiol. It provides the required colloidal stability for LSPR by preventing aggregation of the particles.
In general, the present invention relates to lignin-derived curing agents, as well as their use in resin compositions. Furthermore, the present invention relates to methods for preparing said lignin-derived curing agents.
MethodMethod for producing a three-dimensional porous structure The present invention relates to a method (100) for producing a three-dimensional porous catalyst structure, comprising building (101) a three-dimensional porous green body using 3D printing, in a layered fashion from a paste comprising a carrier material comprising an inorganic material, a binder material and a solvent; drying (102) the three-dimensional porous green body by passing a feed of a first supercritical fluid, such as supercritical carbon dioxide, through the pores of the three-dimensional green body, thereby removing the solvent from the three-dimensional green body, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional porous structure; and impregnating (104) the 3D porous structure with a second supercritical fluid comprising a catalytically active material and/or a catalyst precursor, thereby depositing the catalytically active material and/or the catalyst precursor on at least part of a surface of the three-dimensional porous structure, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional porous catalyst structure. The invention further relates to a three-dimensional porous catalyst structure comprising an inorganic material comprising interconnected pores and a catalytically active material deposited on at least part of a surface of the pores in the form of grains having an average grain size of at most 2 micrometres, as determined by EDX.
B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
B01J 37/18 - Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
B22F 10/62 - Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by chemical means
C07C 45/38 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of C—O— functional groups to C=O groups being a primary hydroxy group
B29C 64/106 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
A method for balancing charge over a plurality of cells connected in series in a battery, the method comprising: during the charging/discharging of the battery: determining when a characteristic parameter of a cell of the plurality of cells reaches a characteristic value associated with a first state of charge, counting the number of Coulombs exchanged with the cell by means of a respective Coulomb counter of a plurality of Coulomb counters connected to the plurality of cells, and repeating said acts until a predetermined charging or discharging criteria is fulfilled; determining a charge imbalance based on the counted number of Coulombs for each of the plurality of cells; and transferring charge to or away from at least one cell of the plurality of cells based on the determined charge imbalance to reduce the charge imbalance. A system for balancing charge over the plurality of battery cells.
BET, structureBET, sorbentBET, sorbent is the BET surface area of the initial inorganic porous sorbent material, X is the percentage in weight of the inorganic porous sorbent material, based on the total weight of the 3D porous sorbent structure, wherein the BET surface areas of the initial inorganic porous sorbent material and of the 3D porous sorbent structure are determined from argon adsorption isotherms at 87 K.
B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
64.
A BATTERY SYSTEM AND A METHOD OF OPERATING SAID BATTERY SYSTEM
The invention relates to a battery system and a method of operating said battery system. The system includes a plurality of battery cell units that are selectively electrically connectable in series and/or parallel for providing a desired target output voltage. One or more parameters associated to the plurality of the battery cell units are monitored, and for each successive time interval a total number of battery cell units required for generating the desired target output voltage at a present time interval is determined, and a subgroup of battery cell units of the plurality of battery cell units based on a predefined criterion coupled to the one or more monitored parameters is selected, the subgroup having the total number of battery cell units required for the present time interval. The battery cell units in the subgroup are operated in series and/or parallel for providing the desired target output voltage at the present time interval.
A method of characterizing thermal energy distribution in a thermal energy exchange system using a data-driven model, the system having a thermal energy supply unit configured to supply heating/cooling, and a plurality of receiving units configured to consume heating/cooling supplied by said thermal energy supply unit. Connections of at least a subset of multiple receiving units to a primary supply line and a primary return line of the supply unit are modelled as respectively a single supply line and a single return line, wherein values indicative of temperature and flow rate of thermal energy exchange medium at the single supply line and the single return line are unknown to the data-driven model. An input parameter set is provided to a trained machine learning model system which is configured to output at least one prediction value, the at least one prediction value including a value indicative of a property of the thermal energy exchange system, and wherein the input parameter set includes at least a value indicative of a temperature of thermal energy exchange medium supplied by the thermal energy supply unit via the primary supply line.
G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
A method is disclosed for applying a protective layer on at least part of an exposed alkali metal or alkali metal alloy substrate. The method includes activating a gas using a plasma discharge to obtain an activated gas and contacting the exposed surface with the activated gas. A protective layer is formed on at least part of the exposed surface. The gas has a nitrogen-comprising compound such that the protective layer includes at least 60 mol % of a corresponding alkali metal nitrate. The present disclosure is further related to an article including a substrate having a surface including an alkali metal or alkali metal alloy and a protective layer arranged on at least part of the alkali metal or alkali metal alloy surface of the substrate. The protective layer is conductive to ions of the corresponding alkali metal and has at least 60 mol % of a corresponding alkali metal nitrate.
Organic-inorganic hybrid materials using lignin as the organic phase for the synthesis of thin films are described. These hybrid materials are prepared through the known sol-gel method whereby a metal-oxide precursor and alkoxysilane functionalized lignin are used and subsequently processed to obtain coatings and thin films with a high content in lignin.
A method and system for detecting an occurrence of an arc in a DC grid, wherein electrical devices are connectable to the DC grid, wherein the method includes providing at least one detector unit in the DC grid, the detector unit being configured to measure arc noise voltage superimposed on a DC grid voltage without a direct measurement of the current flowing through the arc itself, wherein the arc noise voltage is associated to the occurrence of an arc in the DC grid, and wherein a minimum impedance range in a predefined frequency range is ensured for each of the electrical devices connected to the DC grid.
A method and system for controlling an extrusion system (1) having a plurality of nozzle heads (7) for depositing a predetermined interconnected arrangement for concurrently forming individual three-dimensional structures (3) in parallel. An operation of each of the plurality of nozzle heads is monitored in order to detect failing nozzle heads, wherein a first value is calculated which is indicative of an average print time for finishing a number of three-dimensional structures when the print job is continued using one or more non-failing nozzle heads of the plurality of nozzle heads which are still operational, and a second value is calculated indicative of an average print time for finishing the number of three-dimensional structures when the print job is promptly interrupted and a new print job is initiated with the one or more failing nozzle heads of the plurality of nozzles heads being repaired. The controller is configured to restart the print job with the one or more failing nozzle heads being repaired, when the second value is smaller than the first value.
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
70.
HYBRID CERAMIC MEMBRANE FOR WATER ELECTROLYSIS APPLICATION
222 to vary the pore size distribution of the support structure and further densification by using ion selective polymers to reduce gas crossover while maintaining a high enough conductivity.
NEW ZEALAND FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE LIMITED TRADING AS SCION (New Zealand)
Inventor
Vendamme, Richard
Feghali, Elias
Quinsaat, Jose Enrico Quijano
Torr, Kirk M.
Abstract
In general, the present invention relates to lignin-derived monomers, as well as polymers prepared with these lignin-derived monomers. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods to prepare these monomers from feedstock rich in lignin, such as lignocellulosic biomass, as well as methods to prepare polymers with the obtained monomers.
C08L 63/10 - Epoxy resins modified by unsaturated compounds
C08G 59/18 - Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
72.
A METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING OPERATIONAL IRREGULARITIES IN A THERMAL ENERGY EXCHANGE SYSTEM, AND A METHOD OF TRAINING A MACHINE LEARNING MODEL
A method and system for detecting operational irregularities in a thermal energy exchange system. Thermal energy exchange system comprises a first side, a second side and an interface between the first side and the second side. Heating/cooling is generated at the first side upstream to the interface, and heating/cooling is consumed at the second side downstream to the interface. The interface is provided by means of a plurality of substations connected to the first side and the second side, each substation being configured to facilitate thermal energy exchange between the first side and the second side. Measurement data indicative of one or more operational parameters of the first side is obtained, wherein the measurement data is collected by means of a measurement system. The measurement data is monitored so as to identify operational irregularities at the interface and/or the second side.
A system and method for managing different applications related to energy flexibility management using cloud services. A platform is provided configured to store and concurrently execute a plurality of applications related to energy management, wherein each application of the plurality of applications comprises one or more modules for processing data. Further, a data store is provided communicatively coupled to the platform wherein each of the plurality of applications has access to the data store. The data store is configured to store data which the plurality of applications use for operation. Further, a configuration unit is provided communicatively coupled to the platform and configured to enable configuration of parameters of the plurality of applications. The data store is configured to store non-shared data used by different applications of the plurality of applications, the non-shared data being accessible by only a single application of the plurality of applications, and shared data accessible by at least a first application and at least one further application of the plurality of applications belonging to a same environment as the first application.
H02J 3/14 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
74.
A METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRINTING A POROUS STRUCTURE
A method and system for printing a three-dimensional porous structure (1). Interconnected filaments (2) are deposited in a predetermined arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers (11). The filaments (2) of the consecutive layers (11) are connected to one another to obtain the porous structure (1) with interconnected pores (15). The filaments are deposited in such a way that one or more preselected frangible regions (7) are formed in the arrangement of filaments (2). The one or more frangible regions (7) are connected to less-frangible regions (9) of the porous structure (1). The predetermined arrangement of interconnected filaments (2) is configured such that the one or more frangible regions (7) form structurally weakened zones of the porous structure (1) such that the porous structure (1) breaks along said one or more frangible regions (7) under influence of a load and/or a stress. The plurality of three- dimensional parts (10a) are releasable under influence of the load and/or stress.
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
B29C 64/182 - Processes of additive manufacturing specially adapted for manufacturing multiple 3D objects in parallel batches
75.
A METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL POROUS STRUCTURE
A method and system for manufacturing a three-dimensional porous structure. Filaments are deposited in a predetermined interconnected arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers for forming a porous structure with interconnected pores. A pressure value indicative of a pressure being applied on the build material in the build material reservoir of a nozzle used for deposition is monitored during deposition of the filaments. The processing unit is configured to adjust at least one extrusion parameter in order to compensate for the irregular rising and/or falling of the pressure value.
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
B33Y 30/00 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor
76.
A METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING THREE-DIMENSIONAL POROUS STRUCTURE
A method and system for manufacturing three-dimensional porous structures. Filaments are deposited in a predetermined interconnected arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers for forming a porous structure with interconnected pores. Furthermore, the porous structure is subjected to a heat treatment in a heat chamber in order to reduce a moisture, solvent and/or organic material, solvent or organic material content (drying and/or calcination) of the porous structure by irradiating microwave energy through said porous structure. The applied microwave energy is selected based on the structural interconnected arrangement of the deposited filaments defining the shape and size of the pores of the three-dimensional porous structure.
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
A method and system for manufacturing one or more three-dimensional porous structures (10). Filaments (2) are deposited on a support in a predetermined interconnected arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers (11) for forming one or more porous structure with interconnected pores (15). A nozzle head (30) with a plurality of nozzles (20) is used for depositing filaments. The plurality of nozzles are spaced apart from each other with a predetermined spacing therebetween. Each nozzle has an opening area through which filaments are dispensed as the nozzle head is moved relative to the support. Multiple 3D porous structures are manufactured in parallel, using a subset of nozzles for each porous structure, each subset of nozzles including at least one nozzle. Neighboring subsets of nozzles are distanced in order to provide a working area on which the relevant porous structure of the plurality of porous structures is manufactured.
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
C25B 11/091 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
C25B 9/17 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof
C25B 11/081 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the element being a noble metal
The present invention relates to a novel approach of obtaining a gas diffusion electrode (GDE), the gas diffusion electrodes obtained using said method and the use thereof in the electrocatalytic conversion of gaseous reactants into economically interesting reaction products. The GDEs obtained using the method of the present invention are particularly useful in the electrochemical of gaseous reactants such as CO2, H2, N2, or O2 into bulk chemicals and fuels such as Syngas, Formic Acid, Methanol, Ethanol, Ethane, Ethylene, Methane, Ammonia, and the like.
C25B 11/071 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of at least one single element and at least one compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of two or more compounds comprising metal or alloy powder and non-metallic binders
80.
A CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE STRUCTURE AND A METHOD OF MAKING THEREOF, AND A METHOD FOR REMOVING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM A FLUID
A carbon dioxide capture structure having a monolith three-dimensional shape, the structure being porous with interconnected pores which are accessible from an exterior side of the structure, wherein the structure is made of a building material comprising a first material and a second material, wherein the first material is a carbon based sorbent material and wherein the second material is a binder material including potassium silicate. The invention also relates to a method of making said carbon dioxide structure and a method for removing carbon dioxide from a gas or fluid mixture.
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbonSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
B01J 20/12 - Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
B01J 20/10 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
B01J 41/07 - Processes using organic exchangers in the weakly basic form
B01J 41/14 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxideSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
B01D 46/24 - Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B29C 64/00 - Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
The invention relates to a daisy chain connected master-slave communication system, and a method of operating thereof. The system comprises a master and a concatenation of N slaves linked in a chain, wherein the master is connected to each of the N slaves through a communication line, wherein the system is configured to use the communication line for serial data communication from the master to the N slaves, wherein a n-th slave is connected with a (n+1)-th slave through a chain line, n being an integer of 1 or more and less than N, wherein the master comprises a communication port which is connected to a first slave of the N slaves through a first chain line, and wherein the system is configured to employ the chain lines for serial data communication from the slaves to the communication port of the master.
In general the present invention relates to polyurethanes based on the reaction of (a) a disocianate composition with (b) depolymerized lignin containing lignin-derived monomers, or the products of their respective functionalization; (c) a polyol composition, if desired (d) chain extenders, if desired. (e) additives, if desired. More specifically, this process relates to the use of depolymerized lignins containing varying amounts of 4-hydroxylalkylphenols or 4-alkylphenols and their derivatives. The polyurethanes can be partially or fully bio-based. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for preparing these polyurethanes and to their use.
A radionuclide separating system for separating a 213Bi daughter radionuclide from a 225Ac parent radionuclide, the radionuclide separating system comprising: an inlet for loading a liquid solution comprising the 225Acparent radionuclide onto a column (10); the column (10) comprising a sorbent material wherein the sorbent material is capable of interacting with the 225Acparent radionuclide and 213Bi daughter radionuclide so as to allow selective desorption of the 225Ac parent radionuclide and/or the 213Bi daughter radionuclide at a different moment in time; and an outlet for selectively obtaining said 213Bi daughter radionuclide based on said selective desorption of the 225Ac parent radionuclide and the 213Bi daughter radionuclide, wherein the sorbent material is a carbon-based sorbent material.
G21G 1/00 - Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation, or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes
C22B 3/42 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
84.
METHOD OF STABILIZING LEACHABLE COMPOUNDS IN A CARBONATE BONDED MATRIX
Method of producing a carbonate bonded article, comprising preparing a reactive mixture comprising a particulate mineral source and an aqueous source, and reacting the reactive mixture with carbon dioxide to form a mineral matrix comprising carbonates. The particulate mineral source comprises a leachable compound, the leachable compound comprising one or more elements selected from: As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, F, Hg, Mo, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, V and Zn. The reactive mixture comprises a reducing agent, wherein the reducing agent comprises one or more of a sulfide, disulfide and polysulfide compound that reacts with the particulate mineral source and the pH of the reactive mixture is at least 10.
The present invention relates to a method for reducing the amount of one or more of a residue, such as a fat residue or oil residue, entrapped in a spent sorbent. The present invention further pertains to the sorbent obtained by the present method.
B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbonSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
The present invention relates to a method for recovering a residue from a spent sorbent, such as a fat residue or an oil residue, entrapped in a spent sorbent. The present invention further pertains to the sorbent and the residue obtained by the present method.
The invention relates to additive manufacturing an object for separation and/or conversion of a substance from a liquid by guiding the liquid therethrough. A build material is printed in a predetermined arrangement in order to form a three- dimensional monolith structure. The build material includes an active/activated material configured to interact with the liquid. The three-dimensional monolith structure is printed to define an inlet, an outlet and a plurality of flow channels arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the structure, wherein the plurality of flow channels define meandering flow paths between the inlet and the outlet, wherein at least one mixing region is provided within the structure, wherein the at least one mixing region is in fluid connection with at least a set of the plurality of flow channels such as to allow mixing of the liquid guided through said set of the plurality of flow channels.
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 20/286 - Phases chemically bonded to a substrate, e.g. to silica or to polymers
B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
B01D 15/22 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the construction of the column
The invention relates to an energy transfer system comprising a thermal circuit with a working fluid configured to perform a thermodynamic cycle and/or an energy transfer process, the thermal circuit comprising a piping system for conveying the working fluid, and at least one energy transfer device, wherein the energy transfer device is configured to transfer a portion of energy from one part of the thermal circuit to another part of the thermal circuit, and wherein at least a portion of the thermal circuit comprises a coating layer on surfaces in contact with the working fluid, wherein the coating layer includes an inert material that is inert with respect to the working fluid during operation and that maintains structural integrity at a temperature above 550 K, and wherein the inert material, when in a pure state/form, has a thermal conductivity above 1000 W/mK at room temperature.
In general the present invention relates to cross-linked-polymers (resins) from acrylated lignin oils, comprising di-acrylated dihydroconiferyl alcohol (DADCA). The present invention further provides methods for preparing such polymers, the building blocks and the use thereof in the manufacture of homo- and co-polymers comprising DADCA and DADCA-like molecules. In a further aspect, this invention elaborates on the possible applications of the polymers thus obtained.
A computer implemented method and a system for determining electromotive force curves of a battery The invention relates to a method and system for determining an electromotive force curve of a battery for use in battery control applications. Measured data is received identifying an electromotive force for a plurality of state of charge values of the battery. A fitting processing is performed by using a curve fitting model for determining an electromotive force curve based on the measured data, the electromotive force curve indicating a continuous relationship between the electromotive force and a state of charge of the battery. The curve fitting model includes a fitting function consisting of only differentiable terms, wherein the fitting function of the curve fitting model includes a constant part, a linear part, an exponential part and a periodic part.
The invention relates to an additive manufacturing system (1) and a method for manufacturing one or more three-dimensional structures. At least one deposition unit (3) with one or more nozzles (5) is arranged for dispensing a build material through an opening area thereof on a print surface (7). A controller is provided which is configured to operate the system (1) for deposition of filaments of a build material paste on the print surface (7) in an interconnected arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers in order to form the one or more three-dimensional structures. An actuation unit (9) is arranged in order to have printing access to the at least one deposition unit (3), wherein the actuation unit (9) is configured to hold the print surface. The controller is configured to control the actuation unit (9) so as to move the print surface (7) at the at least one deposition unit (3) during deposition of the filaments by said deposition unit. The one or more nozzles (5) of the at least one deposition unit (3) are arranged to remain stationary during the deposition of the filaments.
B29C 64/176 - Processes of additive manufacturing specially adapted for manufacturing multiple 3D objects sequentially
B29C 64/106 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
B29C 64/182 - Processes of additive manufacturing specially adapted for manufacturing multiple 3D objects in parallel batches
The invention relates to a battery cell comprising a three-dimensional porous anode and a method of manufacturing of the battery cell with said anode. A build material comprising a carbon based active material is used, the carbon based active material configured to participate in a battery electrode reaction.. Furthermore, interconnected filaments of a build material are deposited in a predetermined arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers, wherein the filaments of the consecutive layers are connected to one another to obtain a porous anode structure with intra-structure pores formed between filaments.
The invention relates to a method of producing sorbent granulates for separation of carbon dioxide from a fluid mixture, the method comprising providing particles of an amine functionalized sorbent material having amine groups chemically bound to the sorbent material surface which are ground into powder particles; and granulating the powder particles with added binder into sorbent granulates, wherein the sorbent granulates have a diameter in a range of 0.1-25 millimeter. The invention also relates to said produced sorbent granulate.
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01J 39/05 - Processes using organic exchangers in the strongly acidic form
B01J 39/20 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
B01J 41/07 - Processes using organic exchangers in the weakly basic form
B01J 41/14 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
B01J 43/00 - Amphoteric ion-exchange, i.e. using ion-exchangers having cationic and anionic groupsUse of material as amphoteric ion-exchangersTreatment of material for improving their amphoteric ion-exchange properties
B01J 47/014 - Ion-exchange processes in generalApparatus therefor in which the adsorbent properties of the ion-exchanger are involved, e.g. recovery of proteins or other high-molecular compounds
B01J 47/018 - GranulationIncorporation of ion-exchangers in a matrixMixing with inert materials
94.
A METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL POROUS STRUCTURE
A method and system for manufacturing a three-dimensional porous structure, wherein interconnected filaments are deposited in a predetermined arrangement in a plurality of stacked layers, wherein the filaments of the consecutive layers are connected to one another to obtain the porous structure with interconnected pores, wherein filaments in the layers are deposited along waved paths such that narrowed regions and widened regions between at least one subset of adjacent filaments deposited along said waved paths are formed, wherein the plurality of stacked layers are positioned such that the widened regions formed in subsequent layers are at least partially overlapping so as to form intra-structure channels.
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
B29C 64/20 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor
A method and system for training a machine learning model configured to perform characterization of components in a material stream with a plurality of unknown components. A training reward associated with each unknown component within the plurality of unknown components in the material stream is determined, based on which at least one unknown component is physically isolated from the material stream by means of a separator unit, wherein the separator unit is configured to move the selected unknown component to a separate accessible compartment. The isolated at least one unknown component is analyzed for determining the ground truth label thereof, wherein the determined ground truth is used for training an incremental version of the machine learning model.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
The present invention relates to a process for the manufacturing of a cement substitute, the process comprising the following steps: a) mixing an alkaline aluminosilicate containing material with at least one aluminosilicate hydrate containing material, b) heating the thus obtained mixture to a calcination temperature of below 800°C thereby forming a calcined product comprising a reactive amorphous phase having the alkali ions bound therein. The process may further comprise a step of cooling the calcined product to a desired temperature. The present invention also relates to a cement substitute obtainable by the process according to the present invention. The cement substitute comprises a reactive amorphous phase of co-calcined alkali aluminosilicate containing material and aluminosilicate hydrate, containing material having alkali ions bound therein. The alkaliions are preferably sodium ions. The present invention also relates to a cement composition containing the cement substitute according to the invention and to a mortar or concrete composition containing such a cement composition.
C04B 28/02 - Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
The invention relates to a method and a device device for converting at least one reactant(5) into a reaction product and separating the at least one reactant from the reaction product, wherein the device comprises a vessel(10) with a vessel inner volume (11) and a confinement (20) submerged in the vessel inner volume (11), the confinement (20) providing a confinement inner (21) volume which is in fluid connection with the vessel inner volume (11), wherein the vessel inner volume (11) contains a first fluid (1) with a first density p1 and a second fluid with a second density p2, with p1 > p2, so that the first fluid (1) forms a lower phase and the second fluid (2) forms an upper phase in the vessel inner volume (11), wherein the confinement contains a third fluid (3) with a third density p3 with p3 > p2 so that the second fluid forms an upper layer and the third fluid forms a lower layer in the confinement inner volume (21), wherein the third fluid may be the same as or different from and is physically separated from the first fluid (1), wherein at least one of the first, second fluid and third fluid is at most partly with the other two, but preferably immiscible, wherein the at least one reactant (5) and the reaction product (6) have a different affinity for at least two of the first, second (2) and third fluid, wherein at least one of the first (1) and third fluid (3) contain a fourth phase (4) which is a solid or semi solid and is selected from the group of materials capable of promoting the conversion of the at least one reactant into the reaction product.
C12P 13/00 - Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
C01B 35/10 - Compounds containing boron and oxygen
B01F 27/90 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptaclesKneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms
B01F 29/83 - Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a substantially vertical axis with rotary paddles or arms, e.g. movable out of the receptacle
B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
A method and device for monitoring insulation between a DC bus and protective earth, wherein the bus is connected with a DC source. Terminals of the source are connected to protective earth by a first electrical network during a first timespan, and transient first electrical values related to the first network at a plurality of time steps in the first timespan are measured. A first steady state value is calculated using a plurality of first measurement points at the plurality of first time steps. Further, the terminals of the source are connected to protective earth by a second electrical network, during a second timespan, and transient second electrical values related to the second network at a plurality of second time steps in the second timespan are measured. A second steady state value is calculated using a plurality of second measurement points at the plurality of second time steps. An indication of insulation resistances between the terminals of the source and protective earth is determined based on the calculated steady state values of the first electrical value and the second electrical value.
A high voltage generator (3) of the Marx type is described, the generator comprising a circuit which includes at least two capacitors (C) which are arranged to be charged in parallel and to be discharged in series, wherein during discharge an output voltage is generated adding up a charging voltage of each of the at least two capacitors, wherein the circuit comprises at least two spark gap switches (5), wherein each spark gap switch (5) comprises two electrodes (7a, 7b) separated by a gap distance (G) which is filled with a pressurized gas, and wherein each spark gap switch is configured to allow an electric spark to pass between its two electrodes in case a potential difference between said two electrodes exceeds a breakdown voltage, and wherein the Marx generator includes a compensation unit (9) which is configured to compensate for effects resulting from changes in pressure of the pressurized gas. A bellows (23) is arranged including a surface (25) which is resiliently responsively displaceable under the influence of pressure changes of the pressurized gas, wherein the surface is coupled to one of the two electrodes of each spark gap switch.
H03K 3/537 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a spark gap
H01T 11/00 - Spark gaps specially adapted as rectifiers
patents
