Dual-process solvent and sugar production plants are provided in which inputs to the solvent production sub-system are received from the sugar product sub-system, which are both driven and supplied inputs from a shared pre-evaporator system. Improvements to the heat integration and dehydration technologies available for use in the plants are also provided, which may be used for initial construction, retrofit, replacement, or expansion of previous separation sections in the plants.
A distillation and dehydration system is provided that produces an anhydrous organic solvent. The provided system includes vapor recompression (e.g., a mechanical or thermal vapor recompression unit) to recover heat from a rectification-distillation section (e.g., a rectifier/stripper column). The addition of vapor recompression enables further heat recovery within a stream by increasing the condensation temperature and pressure of that stream and later using its latent heat by condensing it.
An organic solvent production system and method are provided in which permeate and/or retentate streams are collected from a set of membranes or other purification devices via one or more headers to direct the streams to various downstream systems for further processing and/or heat recovery against colder streams.
The present disclosure provides high-grade ethanol production systems and methods that increase energy efficiency as compared to typical systems and methods by minimizing undesired acetal formation. The provided ethanol production method may include a low boilers removal distillation column and/or a stripper column constructed to simultaneously remove at least a portion of the acetaldehyde and at least a portion of the acetal from a feed stream in the presence of water. In some aspects, a low boilers removal process may be followed by a water removal process, which may be followed by a high boilers removal process. Acidity (e.g., carbon dioxide) may also be removed from a feed stream prior to or during the low boilers removal process. By minimizing acetal production, the provided method minimizes the amount of energy that is required to remove acetal when producing high-grade ethanol.
The present disclosure provides processes and systems for ethanol production. In one embodiment, a first beer column receives a first portion of a feed mixture including ethanol and water to form a first beer column bottom stream and a first beer column vaporous overhead stream. A beer column receives a second portion of the feed mixture. A first portion of the first beer column bottom stream is forwarded to a first beer column reboiler. A second portion of the first beer column bottom stream is forwarded to a plurality of evaporators. A condensed portion of the first beer column vaporous overhead stream is forwarded to a stripper column. The stripper column forms a feed stream, which is contacted with a separation system, thereby forming a permeate and a retentate. The permeate is forwarded directly to at least one selected from the first beer column and the stripper column.
B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
B01D 15/20 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
C07C 29/80 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by distillation
6.
ETHANOL PRODUCTION VIA DISTILLATION AND DEHYDRATION
The present disclosure provides for organic solvent production via distillation and dehydration by: directing portions of a feed stream to a first and second distillation columns operating at a different pressures from each other, wherein the organic solvent is preferably an alcohol and more preferably ethanol; generating, in the first distillation column, a vaporous first overhead stream; directing the vaporous first overhead stream directly to a rectification system; generating, in the second distillation column, a vaporous second overhead stream; forming a condensed second overhead stream from the vaporous second overhead stream; directing, at least a portion of the condensed second overhead stream to the rectification system; generating, via the rectification system, a third overhead stream; directing at least a portion of the third overhead stream to a separation system; and generating, in the separation system, an enriched solvent stream.
A distillation and dehydration system is provided that produces an anhydrous organic solvent. The provided system includes vapor recompression (e.g., a mechanical or thermal vapor recompression unit) to recover heat from a rectification-distillation section (e.g., a rectifier/stripper column). The addition of vapor recompression enables further heat recovery within a stream by increasing the condensation temperature and pressure of that stream and later using its latent heat by condensing it.
The present disclosure provides for organic solvent production via distillation and dehydration by: directing portions of a feed stream to a first and second distillation columns operating at a different pressures from each other, wherein the organic solvent is preferably an alcohol and more preferably ethanol; generating, in the first distillation column, a vaporous first overhead stream; directing the vaporous first overhead stream directly to a rectification system; generating, in the second distillation column, a vaporous second overhead stream; forming a condensed second overhead stream from the vaporous second overhead stream; directing, at least a portion of the condensed second overhead stream to the rectification system; generating, via the rectification system, a third overhead stream; directing at least a portion of the third overhead stream to a separation system; and generating, in the separation system, an enriched solvent stream.
The present disclosure provides processes and systems for heat integration in ethanol production. In one embodiment, a feed mixture is distilled with one or more distillation units to remove at least a portion of the water, and form a distillation unit bottom stream, a vaporous overhead stream, and a fusel oil stream. Molecular sieve units are regenerated by vacuum or a combination of vacuum and optionally a portion of the product stream to form one or more regenerate streams. A feed tank is configured to receive at least one selected from a condensed portion of the regenerate streams and a portion of a vaporous depressure stream, to form a feed stream. The energy contained in the depressure vapor is recovered by the depressure vapor contacting the feed tank and heating up at least one stream forwarded into the feed tank.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
C07C 29/76 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment
C07C 29/80 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by distillation
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Fuels, and biofuels, including ethanol fuel, fuel gas, fuel
oil and mineral fuel; gas [fuel]; solidified gas; industrial
oils and greases; vaporised fuel mixtures; hydrocarbon
compositions for use as fuel; oil well drilling lubricants;
industrial oils and greases; illuminants; combustible fuels. Pumps; compressors; condensers; condensing installations;
generators; drilling machines; drilling rigs; exhausts;
filtering machines; filters being parts of machines or
engines; blowing machines for exhaustion, transportation,
generation and for preparation of gases; heat exchangers
(parts of machines); ore treating machines; pump diaphragms;
speed governors for machines, engines and motors; turbines;
brewing machines; apparatus for use in well drilling
operations; apparatus for fluid supply and processing;
apparatus for effluent treatment; dust exhausting and
removing installations for industrial purposes; apparatus
for use in fuel dispensing including such apparatus
incorporating membrane elements; fuel economisers. Surveying, photographic and measuring apparatus and
instruments; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes; power
cables; photovoltaic cells and modules; electrical cells and
batteries; battery chargers; accumulators; anode batteries;
anodes; clothing for protection against accidents and/or
fire; computers; electric installations for the remote
control of industrial operations; light conducting
filaments; software and printed circuits; electric
resistances; temperature indicators; water level indicators;
computer programmes; magnetic tapes; pressure measuring
apparatus; separation columns for gas chromatography;
hydrometers; semi-permeable membranes for scientific use;
membranes for filtration [scientific]; filtration membranes
for laboratory apparatus; hollow fibre membrane elements for
scientific use. Installations and apparatus for lighting, heating, cooking,
refrigerating, desalination, drying, ventilating, air
conditioning, water supply, gas separation, gas storage;
incinerators; heat accumulators; cooling and freezing
apparatus; water treatment apparatus and installations,
distillation apparatus and columns; chimney flues;
regulating and safety accessories for water, gas or oil
apparatus and pipes; installations relating to membrane
filtration technology for water, fuel and organic compound
treatment, namely modules and membrane cartridges for
separation and purification of water, fuel and organic
compounds; water, fuel and organic compounds filtering
apparatus incorporating compound filter membranes for
industrial, biotechnological, pharmaceutical, medical and
scientific purpose; apparatus for use in purification of
fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil
and mineral fuel; apparatus incorporating membranes for use
in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol,
fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus for use in
purification of air and of water; separators and membranes
(filters) for cleaning and purification of gases; gas
separation membranes being part of separators for the
cleaning and purification of gases. Material treatment services relating to apparatus, machines
and instruments used in the production and supply of energy;
treatment, refining, blending and processing of oil, gas and
water including conversion into chemical products;
processing of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives;
brewing services; reuse, recycling and processing of liquid
and gas waste products; production and control of electrical
energy generation. Consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of
energy, energy efficiency, development and research relating
to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy;
technical studies and technological, scientific, research
and design services; consultancy relating to membrane
technology; consultancy relating to technical project
forecasting and implementation, computer programming, design
of computer software, engineering, engineering drawing,
pollution control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy;
oil-well testing; well-bore surveying services.
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Fuels, and biofuels, including ethanol fuel, fuel gas, fuel
oil and mineral fuel; gas [fuel]; solidified gas; industrial
oils and greases; vaporised fuel mixtures; hydrocarbon
compositions for use as fuel; oil well drilling lubricants;
industrial oils and greases; illuminants; combustible fuels. Pumps; compressors; steam condensers [parts of machines];
condensing installations; generators; drilling machines;
drilling rigs; exhausts; filtering machines; filters being
parts of machines or engines; machines for exhaustion,
transportation, generation and for preparation of gases;
heat exchangers (parts of machines); ore treating machines;
pump diaphragms; speed governors; turbines; brewing
machines; apparatus being machines and parts thereof, for
use in well drilling operations; dust exhausting and
removing installations for industrial purposes; apparatus
being pumps for use in fuel dispensing including such
apparatus incorporating membrane elements as fuel filters;
fuel economisers. Surveying, photographic and measuring apparatus and
instruments; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes for fuel
cell; power cables; photovoltaic cells and modules;
electrical cells and batteries; battery chargers;
accumulators; anode batteries; anodes; clothing for
protection against accidents and/or fire; computers;
electric installations for the remote control of industrial
operations; light conducting filaments; software and printed
circuits; electric resistances; temperature indicators;
water level indicators; computer programmes; magnetic tapes;
pressure measuring apparatus; separation columns for gas
chromatography; hydrometers; semi-permeable membranes for
scientific use; membranes for filtration [scientific];
filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus; hollow fibre
membrane elements for scientific use. Installations and apparatus for lighting, heating, cooking,
refrigerating, desalination, drying, ventilating, air
conditioning and water supply; separators for the cleaning
and purification of gases; incinerators; heat accumulators;
cooling and freezing apparatus; water treatment apparatus
and installations, distillation apparatus and columns; flues
for heating boilers; regulating and safety accessories for
water, gas or oil apparatus and pipes; installations
relating to membrane filtration technology namely modules
and membrane cartridges being filtering apparatus for
separation and purification of gases, air and liquids;
filtering apparatus for liquids, gases and air,
incorporating compound filter membranes for industrial,
biotechnological, pharmaceutical, medical and scientific
purpose; apparatus for use in purification of fuels and
biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral
fuel; apparatus incorporating membranes for use in
purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel
gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus for use in
purification of air and of water; separators and membranes
(filters) for the cleaning and purification of gases; gas
separation membranes being part of separators for the
cleaning and purification of gases; apparatus for the supply
and filtering of water, fuels and organic compounds;
apparatus for effluent treatment. Material treatment services relating to apparatus, machines
and instruments used in the production and supply of energy;
treatment, refining, blending and processing of oil, gas and
water including conversion into chemical products;
processing of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives;
brewing services; reuse, recycling and processing of liquid
and gas waste products; production and control of electrical
energy generation. Consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of
energy, energy efficiency, development and research relating
to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy;
technical, technological, scientific, research and design
services; consultancy relating to membrane technology;
consultancy relating to technical project forecasting and
implementation, computer programming, design of computer
software, engineering, engineering drawing, pollution
control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy; oil-well
testing; well-bore surveying services.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Surveying, photographic and measuring apparatus and instruments; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes; power cables; photovoltaic cells and modules; electrical cells and batteries; battery chargers; accumulators; anode batteries; anodes; clothing for protection against accidents and/or fire; computers; electric installations for the remote control of industrial operations; light conducting filaments; software and printed circuits; electric resistances; temperature indicators; water level indicators; computer programmes; magnetic tapes; pressure measuring apparatus; separation columns for gas chromatography; hydrometers; semi-permeable membranes for scientific use; membranes for filtration [scientific]; filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus; hollow fibre membrane elements for scientific use.
(2) Installations and apparatus for lighting, heating, cooking, refrigerating, desalination, drying, ventilating, air conditioning, water supply, gas separation, gas storage; incinerators; heat accumulators; cooling and freezing apparatus; water treatment apparatus and installations, distillation apparatus and columns; chimney flues; regulating and safety accessories for water, gas or oil apparatus and pipes; installations relating to membrane filtration technology for water, fuel and organic compound treatment, namely modules and membrane cartridges for separation and purification of water, fuel and organic compounds; water, fuel and organic compounds filtering apparatus incorporating compound filter membranes for industrial, biotechnological, pharmaceutical, medical and scientific purpose; apparatus for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus incorporating membranes for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus for use in purification of air and of water; separators and membranes (filters) for cleaning and purification of gases; gas separation membranes being part of separators for the cleaning and purification of gases. (1) Consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of energy, energy efficiency, development and research relating to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy; technical studies and technological, scientific, research and design services; consultancy relating to membrane technology; consultancy relating to technical project forecasting and implementation, computer programming, design of computer software, engineering, engineering drawing, pollution control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy; oil-well testing; well-bore surveying services.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Surveying apparatus and instruments; photographic and measuring apparatus and instruments, namely, photographic filters and measuring apparatus for measuring temperature and humidity levels in gases and solid substances; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes fuel cells; power cables; photovoltaic cells and modules; electrical cells and batteries; battery chargers; accumulators; anode batteries; anodes; clothing for protection against accidents and/or fire; computers; electric installations for the remote control of industrial operations; light conducting filaments; downloadable computer software to monitor, control, analyse, track and administer industrial processes and printed circuits; recorded software to monitor, control, analyse, track and administer industrial processes; electric resistances; temperature indicators; water level indicators; downloadable computer programmes to monitor, control, analyse, track and administer industrial processes; recorded computer programmes to monitor, control, analyse, track and administer industrial processes; blank magnetic computer tapes; pressure measuring apparatus; separation columns for gas chromatography for laboratory use; hydrometers; semi-permeable membranes for scientific use; membranes for filtration, namely, laboratory membranes for filtration; filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus; hollow fibre membrane elements for use in the science and research industry Lighting installations; heating installations; installations and apparatus for refrigerating; installations and apparatus for desalination, namely, desalination units and water desalination plants; installations and apparatus for drying, namely, drying apparatus for chemical processing; installations and apparatus for air conditioning; installations and apparatus for regulating water supply; installations and apparatus for regulating water supply, namely, water filters; installations and apparatus for gas separation and gas storage; installations and apparatus for gas separation and gas storage, namely, separators for the cleaning and purification of gases; incinerators; heat accumulators; cooling and freezing apparatus, namely, cooling filters; water treatment apparatus and installations, namely, purifiers, filters, separators and cleaners for the use in purification of water; distillation apparatus and columns not for scientific purposes, for industrial use and for chemical processing; chimney flues; pressure regulators for water and gas installations; safety accessories for gas pipes, namely, flashback arrestors and reverse flow check valves; regulating accessories for water supply, namely, metered valves; installations relating to membrane filtration technology for water, fuel and organic compound treatment, namely, modules and membrane cartridges for separation and purification of water, fuel and organic compounds; water, fuel and organic compounds filtering apparatus incorporating compound filter membranes for industrial, biotechnological, pharmaceutical, medical and scientific purpose; apparatus for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus incorporating membranes for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus for use in purification of air and of water; separators and filters in the nature of membranes for cleaning and purification of gases; gas separation membranes being part of separators for the cleaning and purification of gases Consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of energy, energy efficiency, development and research relating to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy; technical studies and technological, scientific, research and design services in the field of chemical and industrial engineering, pollution control, energy and energy efficiency; consultancy relating to membrane technology; consultancy relating to technical project forecasting and implementation, computer programming, design of computer software, engineering, engineering drawing, pollution control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy; oil-well testing; well-bore surveying services
The present disclosure provides high-grade ethanol production systems and methods that increase energy efficiency as compared to typical systems and methods by minimizing undesired acetal formation. The provided ethanol production method may include a low boilers removal distillation column and/or a stripper column constructed to simultaneously remove at least a portion of the acetaldehyde and at least a portion of the acetal from a feed stream in the presence of water. In some aspects, a low boilers removal process may be followed by a water removal process, which may be followed by a high boilers removal process. Acidity (e.g., carbon dioxide) may also be removed from a feed stream prior to or during the low boilers removal process. By minimizing acetal production, the provided method minimizes the amount of energy that is required to remove acetal when producing high-grade ethanol.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Surveying, photographic and measuring apparatus and instruments; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes for fuel cell; power cables; photovoltaic cells and modules; electrical cells and batteries; battery chargers; accumulators; anode batteries; anodes; clothing for protection against accidents and/or fire; computers; electric installations for the remote control of industrial operations; light conducting filaments; software and printed circuits; electric resistances; temperature indicators; water level indicators; computer programmes; magnetic tapes; pressure measuring apparatus; separation columns for gas chromatography; hydrometers; semi-permeable membranes for scientific use; membranes for filtration [scientific]; filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus; hollow fibre membrane elements for scientific use.
(2) Installations and apparatus for lighting, heating, cooking, refrigerating, desalination, drying, ventilating, air conditioning and water supply; separators for the cleaning and purification of gases; incinerators; heat accumulators; cooling and freezing apparatus; water treatment apparatus and installations, distillation apparatus and columns; flues for heating boilers; regulating and safety accessories for water, gas or oil apparatus and pipes; installations relating to membrane filtration technology namely modules and membrane cartridges being filtering apparatus for separation and purification of gases, air and liquids; filtering apparatus for liquids, gases and air, incorporating compound filter membranes for industrial, biotechnological, pharmaceutical, medical and scientific purpose; apparatus for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus incorporating membranes for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus for use in purification of air and of water; separators and membranes (filters) for the cleaning and purification of gases; gas separation membranes being part of separators for the cleaning and purification of gases; apparatus for the supply and filtering of water, fuels and organic compounds; apparatus for effluent treatment. (1) Consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of energy, energy efficiency, development and research relating to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy; technical, technological, scientific, research and design services; consultancy relating to membrane technology; consultancy relating to technical project forecasting and implementation, computer programming, design of computer software, engineering, engineering drawing, pollution control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy; oil-well testing; well-bore surveying services.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Surveying apparatus and instruments, being sensors for measuring concentrations of chemicals in water; photographic filters; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes as parts of fuel cells; power cables; photovoltaic cells and modules; electrical cells and batteries; battery chargers; accumulators; anode batteries; anodes; clothing for protection against accidents and fire; computers; electric installations for the remote control of industrial operations; light conducting filaments; downloadable computer software to monitor, control, analyse, track and administer industrial processes; printed circuits; electric resistances; water level indicators; downloadable computer programmes to monitor, control, analyse, track and administer industrial processes; blank magnetic computer tapes; pressure measuring apparatus; filters incorporating semi-permeable membranes for scientific use in relation to the separation, purification, and dehydration of organic solvents and fuels; membrane apparatus for filtration, namely, laboratory membranes for filtration in relation to the separation, purification, and dehydration of organic solvents and fuels; laboratory filters, namely, filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus in relation to the separation, purification, and dehydration of organic solvents and fuels Lighting installations; heating installations; refrigerating installations; desalination units; water desalination plants; ventilation installations, namely, ventilating fans for commercial and industrial use, ventilating exhaust fans, and ventilation hoods; air conditioning installations; water filters; incinerators; heat accumulators; cooling and freezing apparatus, namely, water and organic solvent cooling apparatus; water treatment apparatus and installations, namely, water purification apparatus and water filters for the use in purification of water; distillation apparatus and columns not for scientific purposes; flues for heating boilers; pressure regulators for water and gas installations; safety accessories for gas pipes, namely, flashback arrestors and reverse flow check valves; regulating accessories for water supply, namely, metered valves; installations relating to membrane filtration technology, namely, membrane filter modules and membrane filter cartridges all being filtering apparatus for separation and purification of gases and liquids in relation to the separation, purification, and dehydration of organic solvents and fuels; filtering apparatus for liquids and gases, incorporating compound filter membranes for industrial, biotechnological, pharmaceutical, medical and scientific purpose in relation to the separation, purification, and dehydration of organic solvents and fuels; apparatus for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, namely ethanol, fuel oil and mineral fuel in relation to the separation, purification, and dehydration of organic solvents and fuels; apparatus incorporating membranes for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, namely ethanol, fuel oil and mineral fuel in relation to the separation, purification, and dehydration of organic solvents and fuels; apparatus for use in purification of water; apparatus, namely purifiers, filters, separators and cleaners, being molecular sieves for the supply and filtering of fuels and organic compounds; none of the foregoing goods being water pumps Consultancy and advisory services in the field of energy measurement to improve energy efficiency; research and development in the field of energy; technical consultancy in the field of chemical and industrial engineering in relation to the separation, purification, and dehydration of organic solvents and fuels, and energy measurement to improve energy efficiency; technological research in the field of energy and energy efficiency; scientific research in the field of energy and energy efficiency; consultancy relating to membrane technology, namely, technological consultancy in the field of membrane filtration processes; computer programming consultancy; computer programming for others; consultancy in the field of engineering; engineering drawing services; consultancy services for others in the field of energy measurement to improve energy efficiency; none of the foregoing services being the monitoring of soil gasses
17.
Process and system for dehydrating a product stream in ethanol production
The present disclosure provides processes and systems for ethanol production. In one embodiment, a first beer column receives a first portion of a feed mixture including ethanol and water to form a first beer column bottom stream and a first beer column vaporous overhead stream. A beer column receives a second portion of the feed mixture. A first portion of the first beer column bottom stream is forwarded to a first beer column reboiler. A second portion of the first beer column bottom stream is forwarded to a plurality of evaporators. A condensed portion of the first beer column vaporous overhead stream is forwarded to a stripper column. The stripper column forms a feed stream, which is contacted with a separation system, thereby forming a permeate and a retentate. The permeate is forwarded directly to at least one selected from the first beer column and the stripper column.
B01D 15/20 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
The present disclosure provides processes and systems for heat integration in ethanol production. In one embodiment, a feed mixture is distilled with one or more distillation units to remove at least a portion of the water, and form a distillation unit bottom stream, a vaporous overhead stream, and a fusel oil stream. Molecular sieve units are regenerated by vacuum or a combination of vacuum and optionally a portion of the product stream to form one or more regenerate streams. A feed tank is configured to receive at least one selected from a condensed portion of the regenerate streams and a portion of a vaporous depressure stream, to form a feed stream. The energy contained in the depressure vapor is recovered by the depressure vapor contacting the feed tank and heating up at least one stream forwarded into the feed tank.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
19.
Process and system for heat integration in ethanol production
The present disclosure provides processes and systems for heat integration in ethanol production. In one embodiment, a feed mixture is distilled with one or more distillation units to remove at least a portion of the water, and form a distillation unit bottom stream, a vaporous overhead stream, and a fusel oil stream. Molecular sieve units are regenerated by vacuum or a combination of vacuum and optionally a portion of the product stream to form one or more regenerate streams. A feed tank is configured to receive at least one selected from a condensed portion of the regenerate streams and a portion of a vaporous depressure stream, to form a feed stream. The energy contained in the depressure vapor is recovered by the depressure vapor contacting the feed tank and heating up at least one stream forwarded into the feed tank.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
20.
Process and system for dehydrating a product stream in ethanol production
The present disclosure provides processes and systems for dehydrating a byproduct stream in ethanol production. In one embodiment, a feed mixture is distilled with one or more distillation units to remove at least a portion of the water, and form a first byproduct stream. The first byproduct stream is contacted with a molecular sieve unit, thereby forming a product stream. The molecular sieve unit is cyclically contacted with at least a portion of the product stream to regenerate the molecular sieve unit and form one or more regenerate streams. A second byproduct stream including at least one of (1) the regenerate streams and (2) at least a portion of the fusel oil stream is contacted with a separation system, thereby forming a permeate and a retentate. At least a portion of the retentate is forwarded into the product stream.
B01D 15/20 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
21.
Process and system for dehydrating a byproduct stream in ethanol production
The present disclosure provides processes and systems for dehydrating a byproduct stream in ethanol production. In one embodiment, a feed mixture is distilled with one or more distillation units to remove at least a portion of the water, and form a first byproduct stream. The first byproduct stream is contacted with a molecular sieve unit, thereby forming a product stream. The molecular sieve unit is cyclically contacted with at least a portion of the product stream to regenerate the molecular sieve unit and form one or more regenerate streams. A second byproduct stream including at least one of (1) the regenerate streams and (2) at least a portion of the fusel oil stream is contacted with a separation system, thereby forming a permeate and a retentate. At least a portion of the retentate is forwarded into the product stream.
B01D 15/20 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
22.
Process and system for dehydrating a product stream in ethanol production
The present disclosure provides processes and systems for ethanol production. In one embodiment, a first beer column receives a first portion of a feed mixture including ethanol and water to form a first beer column bottom stream and a first beer column vaporous overhead stream. A beer column receives a second portion of the feed mixture. A first portion of the first beer column bottom stream is forwarded to a first beer column reboiler. A second portion of the first beer column bottom stream is forwarded to a plurality of evaporators. A condensed portion of the first beer column vaporous overhead stream is forwarded to a stripper column. The stripper column forms a feed stream, which is contacted with a separation system, thereby forming a permeate and a retentate. The permeate is forwarded directly to at least one selected from the first beer column and the stripper column.
B01D 15/20 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
C07C 29/80 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by distillation
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Solvent dehydration treatment apparatus and installations, namely distillers being alcohol, gas and water distillation units and columns; installations relating to membrane filtration technology namely filtration modules and membrane cartridges for separation and purification of organic compounds and water; apparatus, namely purifiers, filters, separators and cleaners for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, namely ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus, namely purifiers, filters, separators and cleaners incorporating membranes for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, namely ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel. (1) Consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of energy, energy efficiency, development and research relating to the energy supply industry and conservation of energy; technical, technological, scientific, research and design services namely, technical and scientific research consultation in the field of environmental science, engineering services, design for others in the field of energy engineering, designing and testing of energy products for others; consultancy relating to membrane technology namely, technical research consultation relating to membrane cartridges used in the separation and purification of organic compounds and water; consultancy relating to technical project forecasting and implementation in the field of industrial energy efficiency, engineering in the field of industrial energy efficiency, engineering drawing, pollution control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Water dehydration treatment apparatus and installations, namely, distillation apparatus and columns not for scientific purposes; installations relating to membrane filtration technology, namely, filtration modules and membrane cartridges for separation and purification of water not for scientific purposes; apparatus for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, namely, ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus incorporating membranes for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, namely, ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel Technology consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of energy and energy efficiency; development and research relating to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy, namely, research and development in the field of energy conservation; technical, technological, scientific, research and design services, namely, technical and scientific research consultation in the field of environmental science, engineering services, design for others in the field of energy engineering, designing and testing of energy products for others; consultancy relating to membrane technology; technical consultancy relating to technical engineering project forecasting and implementation, engineering, engineering drawing, pollution control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy
The present disclosure provides methods for modifying and cross-linking polybenzimidazoles, PBI. In one embodiment, the polybenzimidazole reacts with a compound, which has a halogen and a double bond functionality and which comprises a halogen and an organic group to form modified polymers by means of a nucleophilic substitution of the amine proton of the benzimidazole functionality in a solution, and a functional group is connected via each resulting free double bond and/or the polymers that are thus modified are cross-linked.
C08G 73/06 - Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromoleculePolyhydrazidesPolyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Fuels, and biofuels, including ethanol fuel, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; gas (fuel); solidified gas (fuel); industrial oils and greases; vaporised fuel mixtures; hydrocarbon compositions; oil well drilling lubricants; illuminants; combustible fuels. Pumps; compressors; vapour to liquid condensers; condensing installations; generators; drilling machines; drilling rigs; exhausts; filtering machines; filters; machines for exhaustion, transportation, generation and for preparation of gases; heat exchangers (parts of machines); ore treating machines; pump diaphragms; speed governors; turbines; brewing machines; apparatus for use in well drilling operations; apparatus for fluid supply and processing; apparatus for effluent treatment; biofuel and chemical filtering apparatus incorporating compound filter membranes, being, filtering machines for biofuel and chemical processing for industrial purposes. Surveying, photographic and measuring apparatus and instruments; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes; power cables; photovoltaic cells and modules; electrical cells and batteries; battery chargers; accumulators; anode batteries; anodes; computers; electric installations for the remote control of industrial operations; software and printed circuits; electric resistances; temperature indicators; water level indicators; computer programmes; pressure measuring apparatus; gas separation equipment and membranes; separation columns for gas chromatography; hydrometers; semi-permeable membranes for scientific use; gas separation membranes; hollow fibre membrane elements for scientific use; membranes for filtration [scientific]; filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus; apparatus for use in fuel dispensing including such apparatus incorporating membrane elements. Installations and apparatus for lighting, heating, cooking, refrigerating, desalination, drying, water supply, gas separation, gas storage; incinerators; heat accumulators; cooling and freezing apparatus; water treatment apparatus and installations, distillation apparatus and columns; dust exhausting and removing installations for industrial purposes; flues; fuel economisers; regulating and safety accessories for water, gas or oil apparatus and pipes; installations relating to membrane filtration technology namely modules and membrane cartridges for separation and purification; apparatus for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus incorporating membranes for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus for use in purification of air and of water. Material treatment services relating to apparatus, machines and instruments used in the production and supply of energy; treatment, refining, blending and processing of oil, gas and water including conversion into chemical products; processing of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives; brewing services; reuse, recycling and processing of liquid and gas waste products; production and control of electrical energy generation. Consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of energy, energy efficiency, development and research relating to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy; technical, technological, scientific, research and design services; consultancy relating to membrane technology; consultancy relating to technical project forecasting and implementation, computer programming, design of computer software, engineering, engineering drawing, pollution control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy; oil-well testing; well-bore surveying services.
The present disclosure provides methods for modifying and cross-linking polybenzimidazoles, PBI. In one embodiment, the polybenzimidazole reacts with a compound, which has a halogen and a double bond functionality and which comprises a halogen and an organic group to form modified polymers by means of a nucleophilic substitution of the amine proton of the benzimidazole functionality in a solution, and a functional group is connected via each resulting free double bond and/or the polymers that are thus modified are cross-linked.
C08G 73/06 - Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromoleculePolyhydrazidesPolyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
The invention relates to a head plate, fixing the end of a tube bundle with a number of, in particular, porous tubes with a membrane in sealing manner. The head plate is made from a metal or a metal alloy with a melting point lower than the lowest failure temperature for a tube material and/or the membrane.
The present disclosure provides methods for modifying and cross-linking polybenzimidazoles, PBI. In one embodiment, the polybenzimidazole reacts with a compound, which has a halogen and a double bond functionality and which comprises a halogen and an organic group to form modified polymers by means of a nucleophilic substitution of the amine proton of the benzimidazole functionality in a solution, and a functional group is connected via each resulting free double bond and/or the polymers that are thus modified are cross-linked.
C08G 73/06 - Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromoleculePolyhydrazidesPolyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
A method for sealing a membrane module by introducing a seal or a sealing mass between a head plate holding a tube bundle and a mounting ring holding the head plate. Alternatively, a sealing mass containing quartz sand is proposed for sealing cracks in the head plate.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
[ Surveying instruments; photographic apparatus and instruments, namely, photographic cameras, exposure meters, filters, slides, transparencies, lenses, viewfinders; measuring apparatus and instruments, namely, gas sensors for measuring gas concentration, radiation-measuring instruments, measuring cups, measuring buckets, measuring tapes, measuring rules, distance measuring apparatus, instruments for measuring automobile, manufacturing, aviation and industrial emissions, including greenhouse gases and CO2; electronic-based instruments for measuring environmental parameters including humidity, mold, bacteria, air quality and water quality, instruments for measuring concentrations of components in gas, vapor and liquids; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes being fuel cell membranes; power cables; photovoltaic cells and modules; electrical cells and batteries; battery chargers; accumulators; anode batteries; anodes; clothing for protection against accidents and/or fire; computers; electric installations for the remote control of industrial operations; light conducting filaments; ] [ computer database ] [ and applications ] [ software for use in the research, design and production of alternative sources of fuel, power generation, ] [ water treatment and purification, ] [ and measuring energy output for use in the fields of alternative fuel production * and * power generation, ] [ water treatment and purification and printed circuits; electric resistances; temperature indicators; water level indicators; ] [ computer programmes for use in the research, design and production of alternative sources of fuel, power generation, ] [ water treatment and purification, ] [ and measuring energy output for use in the fields of alternative fuel production, power generation, ] [ water treatment and purification; blank magnetic tapes; pressure measuring apparatus; separation columns for gas chromatography; hydrometers; ] [ semi-permeable membranes for scientific use, namely, laboratory semi-permeable membranes for scientific use; ] gas separation membranes; hollow fibre membrane elements for scientific use, namely, laboratory hollow fibre membrane elements for scientific use; membranes for filtration, namely, laboratory membranes for filtration; filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus, namely, laboratory filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus; apparatus for use in fuel dispensing including such apparatus incorporating membrane elements allowing filtration or separation of particles or components in a fuel, namely, controlled volume pumps, [ fuel pumps for service stations; ] filtering apparatus for liquids, gases, vapours and waters, namely, purification and filtration apparatus incorporating membranes for scientific purposes for use in the energy and engineering industries [ Gas separation equipment, namely, gas separation equipment used for obtaining nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, xenon and hydrogen by separating air components by Pressure Swing Adsorption; gas separation equipment used for obtaining nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon and hydrogen by separating air components cryogenically; gas separation equipment used for obtaining nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon and hydrogen by separating air components via cooling methods; gas separation equipment used for obtaining nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon and hydrogen by separating air components by means of serial membrane modules and laboratory membranes for separating different components or molecules within a gas; installations and apparatus for lighting, namely, electric lighting fixtures; installations and apparatus for heating, namely, heating installations; installations and apparatus for cooking, namely, electric and gas ovens, microwave ovens; cooling units for industrial purposes; cooling evaporators; installations and apparatus for desalination, namely, desalination units; installations and apparatus for drying, namely, industrial dryers for heating and dehumidifying; installations and apparatus for ventilating, namely, ventilating fans for commercial and industrial use; installations and apparatus for air conditioning, namely, air conditioners; installations and apparatus for water supply, namely, water purifying apparatus, industrial water purifying apparatus, water desalination plants, water filtering apparatus, water distillation units, regulating accessories for water supply, namely, metered valves; installations and apparatus for gas separation, namely, fluid separation apparatus for separation of gas from liquid in a chemical or oil refinery, and ] membranes, filters, modules for separating gases and particles within gases; [ incinerators; heat accumulators; cooling and freezing apparatus, namely, evaporative air coolers and freezers; water treatment apparatus and installations, namely, cartridge filtration units, chemical sterilization units, reverse osmosis filtration units, ultraviolet sterilization units; ] distillation apparatus and columns, namely, alcohol, gas and water distillation units; dust exhausting and removing installations for industrial purposes, namely, air and water filters for industrial purposes; [ chimney flues; fuel economizers, namely, gas and fuel regulators; ] installations relating to membrane filtration and separation technology for liquids, gases, vapours and water, namely, purification and filtration apparatus, namely, modules and membrane cartridges for separation and purification; filtering apparatus for liquids, gases, vapours and waters, namely, purification and filtration apparatus incorporating membranes for industrial use and for use in the energy and engineering industries; apparatus for use in purification, dehydration and production of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol * and * fuel gas, [ fuel oil and mineral fuel, ] namely, ethanol * and * fuel gas, [ fuel oil and mineral fuel ] purification machines; apparatus incorporating membranes for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; [ apparatus for use in purification of air and of water, namely, water and air purification units ] Research and development relating to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy; development and scientific research relating to the energy supply industries and the conservation of energy; consultancy and advisory services in the fields of chemical and industrial engineering relating to the design, application, integration and function of membrane technology and membrane processes; consultancy relating to computer programming, design of computer software, engineering, engineering drawing; consultancy and advisory services relating to pollution control, namely, testing and research on prevention of pollution, reduction of emissions and energy consumption; consultancy and advisory services relating to manufacturing efficiency, namely, consulting relating to the design of workplace facilities and equipment to optimize efficiency of industrial processes; [ oil-well testing; well-bore surveying services ]
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Fuels, and biofuels, namely ethanol fuel, fuel gas, fuel oil, mineral fuel and organic solvents; gas, namely butane, coal gas, compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, propane gas, biogas, nitrogen gas, alkane gas, alkene gas, olefin gas, gas mixture, syngas, sour gas, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen gas, volatile organic compounds, flue gas, fuel gas; industrial oils and greases; vaporised fuel mixtures; hydrocarbon compositions; oil well drilling lubricants; illuminants namely coal gas, acetylene gas, halogen gas, mercury gas, sodium gas, helium gas; combustible fuels.
(2) Pumps, nameiy centrifuel pumps, compressed air pumps, electric pumps, fuel pumps, high pressure pumps, hydraulic pumps, lubricating pumps, oil drain pumps, pneumatic pumps, reverse osmosis pumps, vertical turbine pumps, vacuum pumps, suction pumps, rotary pumps, gear pumps; Compressors, namely air compressors, electric compressors, gas compressors, pneumatic compressors, hydraulic compressors, root compressors, screw compressors; Condensers, namely air condensers, air cooled condensers, centrifugal fan condensers; condensing insulations for use in the field of alternative energy production and power generation; Generators, namely current generators, dc generators, electric generators, electricity generators, electrostatic generators, gas operated power generators, high voltage generators, solar powered electricity generators, steam operated power generators, wind powered electricity generators, capillary convertors; drilling machines; drilling rigs; exhausts; Filtering machines for use in the fields of alternative energy production, power generation, water production, chemical production, fuel production, pharmaceutical, food, beverage and petrochemical production; Filters, namely, air, gas, dust, water, fuel, particle, chemical and oil filters for use in the field of alternative energy production, power generation, water production, chemical production, fuel production, pharmaceutical, food, beverage and petrochemical production; machines for exhaustion, transportation, generation and for preparation of gases; heat exchangers (parts of machines): ore treating machines; pump diaphragms; speed governors; Turbines, namely air turbines, gas turbines, hydraulic turbines, steam turbines, wind turbines; Brewing machines for use in the field of alternative energy production, power generation, water production, chemical production, fuel production, pharmaceutical, food, beverage and petrochemical production; apparatus for use in well drilling operations namely core drilling bits, drilling machines and parts therefore, drilling rigs, drilling rig mechanization machines and devices, well drilling machines; apparatus for fluid supply and processing namely agitators, motors, pumps, valves and regulators; apparatus for effluent treatment namely thickening, dewatering and filtration machines; apparatus for effluent treatment, namely filters, oil skimmers, industrial agitators, clarifiers, floating aerators, flotation apparatus, clariflocculators, membranes.
(3) Surveying instruments, photographic apparatus and instruments, namely photographic cameras exposure meters, filters, slides, transparencies, lenses, viewfinders, measuring apparatus and instruments namely, gas sensors for measuring gas concentration, radiation measuring instruments, measuring cups, measuring buckets, measuring tapes, measuring rules, distance measuring apparatus, electronic based instruments for measuring environmental parameters including humidity, mold, bacteria, air quality and water quality; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes; power cables; photovoltaic cells and modules; electrical cells and batteries, namely electrical cells and batteries for use in the field of alternative energy production and power generation, electro catalysts, anion exchange membranes; battery chargers for use with batteries in the field of alternative power generation and fuel production; accumulators; anode batteries for use in the field of alternative power generation and fuel production, cathodes; anodes; clothing for protection against accidents and/or fire; computers; electric installations for the remote control of industrial operations, namely switches, routers, controllers, signal boxes; light conducting filaments; Computer database and application software for managing, processing and recording data in the fields of alternative fuel production and power generation and printed circuits; electric resistances; temperature indicators; water level indicators; computer programs for managing, processing and recording data in the fields of alternative energy production and power generation; blank magnetic tapes; pressure measuring apparatus namely switches, sensors, dials, valves; gas separation equipment and membranes namely, separation columns for gas chromatography, hydrometers; semi-permeable membranes for scientific use; gas separation membranes; hollow fibre membrane elements for scientific use; membranes for filtration; filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus; apparatus for use in fuel dispensing including such apparatus incorporating membrane elements namely pumps, membranes, pipes.
(4) Incinerators; heat accumulators; cooling and freezing apparatus namely refrigerators, freezers, chillers, cooling towers; water treatment apparatus and installations, distillation apparatus and columns namely cartridge filtration units, nanofiltration units, reverse osmosis units, ultrafiltration units, microfiltration units; dust exhausting and removing installations for industrial purposes namely, flues, pipes, membranes, filtration units; flues; fuel economisers; regulating and safety accessories for water, gas or oil apparatus and pipes namely metered valves, control systems, stopcocks, meters; installations relating to membrane filtration technology namely modules and membrane cartridges for separation and purification; filtering apparatus incorporating compound filter membranes for industrial, biotechnological, pharmaceutical, medical and scientific purpose; apparatus for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel, namely separators, membranes, distillation columns, filtration modules; apparatus for use in purification of air namely filters, membranes, columns. (1) Material treatment services relating to apparatus, machines and instruments used in the production and supply of energy; treatment, refining, blending and processing of oil, gas and water including conversion into chemical products; processing of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives; brewing and fermentation of alcohol for potable, industrial, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications; reuse, recycling and processing of liquid and gas waste products; production and control of electrical energy generation.
(2) Consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of energy, energy efficiency, development and research relating to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy; technical, technological, scientific, research and design services relating to the field of alternative energy production and power generation; consultancy relating to membrane technology; consultancy relating to technical project forecasting and implementation, computer programming, design of computer software, engineering, engineering drawing, pollution control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy; professional advisory services relating to supply and distribution of energy, oil-well testing; well-bore surveying services.
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Fuels, and biofuels, including ethanol fuel, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; gas; solidified gas; industrial oils and greases; vaporised fuel mixtures; hydrocarbon compositions; oil well drilling lubricants; industrial oils and greases; illuminants; combustible fuels. Pumps; compressors; condensers; condensing installations; generators; drilling machines; drilling rigs; exhausts; filtering machines; filters; machines for exhaustion, transportation, generation and for preparation of gases; heat exchangers (parts of machines); ore treating machines; pump diaphragms; speed governors; turbines; brewing machines; apparatus for use in well drilling operations; apparatus for fluid supply and processing; apparatus for effluent treatment. Surveying, photographic and measuring apparatus and instruments; fuel cells; proton exchange membranes; power cables; photovoltaic cells and modules; electrical cells and batteries; battery chargers; accumulators; anode batteries; anodes; clothing for protection against accidents and/or fire; computers; electric installations for the remote control of industrial operations; light conducting filaments; software and printed circuits; electric resistances; temperature indicators; water level indicators; computer programmes; magnetic tapes; pressure measuring apparatus; gas separation equipment and membranes; separation columns for gas chromatography; hydrometers; semi-permeable membranes for scientific use; gas separation membranes; hollow fibre membrane elements for scientific use; membranes for filtration [scientific]; filtration membranes for laboratory apparatus; apparatus for use in fuel dispensing including such apparatus incorporating membrane elements. Installations and apparatus for lighting, heating, cooking, refrigerating, desalination, drying, ventilating, air conditioning, water supply, gas separation, gas storage; incinerators; heat accumulators; cooling and freezing apparatus; water treatment apparatus and installations, distillation apparatus and columns; dust exhausting and removing installations for industrial purposes; flues; fuel economisers; regulating and safety accessories for water, gas or oil apparatus and pipes; installations relating to membrane filtration technology namely modules and membrane cartridges for separation and purification; filtering apparatus incorporating compound filter membranes for industrial, biotechnological, pharmaceutical, medical and scientific purpose; apparatus for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus incorporating membranes for use in purification of fuels and biofuels, including ethanol, fuel gas, fuel oil and mineral fuel; apparatus for use in purification of air and of water. Material treatment services relating to apparatus, machines and instruments used in the production and supply of energy; treatment, refining, blending and processing of oil, gas and water including conversion into chemical products; processing of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives; brewing services; reuse, recycling and processing of liquid and gas waste products; production and control of electrical energy generation. Consultancy and advisory services relating to the use of energy, energy efficiency, development and research relating to the energy supply industries and conservation of energy; technical, technological, scientific, research and design services; consultancy relating to membrane technology; consultancy relating to technical project forecasting and implementation, computer programming, design of computer software, engineering, engineering drawing, pollution control, manufacturing efficiency, use of energy; oil-well testing; well-bore surveying services.
A method for distilling ethanol from a mash includes feeding a fluid to a first distillation column. The fluid and a distillate of the first distillation column are delivered to a second distillation column. The fed fluid and/or distillate of the second distillation column is/are purified in a first and/or last step of the method by a membrane separation process.
