The present invention provides: a compound that, when dissolved in a small amount of water, can better reduce the surface tension of the resulting aqueous solution; and a composition. The compound of the present invention is represented by formula (1).
C07C 323/52 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
2.
FLUORINE-CONTAINING COPOLYMER, THERMOPLASTIC RESIN COMPOSITION, MOLDED PRODUCT, AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR MOLDED PRODUCT
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fluorine-containing copolymer having excellent handleability and from which a molded product having good water and oil repellency can be obtained. The present invention involves: a fluorine-containing copolymer including specific amounts of repeating units based on a compound represented by a specific formula, repeating units based on a specific non-fluorine-containing monomer, and repeating units based on a compound having two or more mercapto groups per molecule; a thermoplastic resin composition including specific amounts of a thermoplastic resin and the above-mentioned fluorine-containing copolymer; a molded product molded by heating the thermoplastic resin composition; and a production method for the molded product.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermoplastic resin composition for obtaining a molded product having good water repellency and lipophilicity. The present invention involves a thermoplastic resin composition that includes a thermoplastic resin and a fluorine-containing copolymer, wherein: the fluorine-containing copolymer includes repeating units based on a compound represented by a specific formula, repeating units based on a non-fluorine monomer, repeating units based on a (meth)acryloyl-based compound comprising silicone, and repeating units based on a compound having two or more mercapto groups per molecule; the thermal decomposition temperature of the fluorine-containing copolymer is at least 250°C; and the fluorine-containing copolymer content is not more than 10 mass% of the total content of the thermoplastic resin and the fluorine-containing copolymer.
To provide an air electrode material powder for a solid oxide fuel cell, comprising a novel LSCF powder having a highly uniform composition suitable as an air electrode material for a solid oxide fuel cell, and its production process.
wherein 0.2≦a≦1.0 and 0.1≦b≦4.0.
C04B 35/26 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxides based on ferrites
C04B 35/626 - Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches
To provide an NiO-GDC composite powder or NiO-SDC composite powder having a uniform composition, which is suitable as an anode material for a solid oxide fuel cell.
A process for producing an anode material for a solid oxide fuel cell, made of a composite powder comprising a composite oxide containing cerium element and gadolinium or samarium element, and oxygen element, and an oxide containing nickel element and oxygen element, which comprises a dissolving step of mixing raw material compounds containing metal elements constituting the above composite powder, at least one organic acid selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, lactic acid and malic acid, and a solvent to obtain a metal elements-containing solution, and a drying/sintering step of drying and sintering the metal elements-containing solution.
To provide a composite oxide powder for a solid oxide fuel cell containing lanthanum, strontium and/or calcium, manganese and oxygen and having a highly uniform composition, and its production method. A composite oxide powder containing lanthanum, strontium and/or calcium, manganese and oxygen, wherein the coefficient of variation (α) of lanthanum is at most 6.0% and the coefficient of variation (β) of manganese is at most 13.0%, as calculated from the peak area ratio of the Lα ray of lanthanum and the Kα ray of manganese measured by an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer attached to a scanning electron microscope.
H01B 1/08 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances oxides
The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (1) and a process for producing the compound, the compound having a large absolute value of ∆ε, having excellent compatibility with other liquid-crystal materials or non-liquid-crystal materials, being chemically stable, and, when used in a liquid-crystal element, having excellent high-speed responsiveness in a wide temperature range and enabling the element to be operated at a low voltage.
C07C 43/225 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
C07C 41/16 - Preparation of ethers by reaction of esters of mineral or organic acids with hydroxy or O-metal groups
C07C 41/20 - Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
C09K 19/32 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
C09K 19/34 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
8.
NOVEL COMPOUND HAVING CYCLIC STRUCTURE WITH NEGATIVE DIELECTRIC ANISOTROPY, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAID COMPOUND, LIQUID CRYSTAL COMPOSITION, AND LIQUID CRYSTAL ELECTROOPTICAL ELEMENT
The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a novel compound which contains a cyclic structure capable of developing a function and has a negative Δε value, which has a negatively large Δε value and can be used for the development of a liquid crystalline compound that is chemically stable, has excellent compatibility with other liquid-crystalline materials or non-liquid-crystalline materials and can have properties including high-speed response, a low viscosity, a broad liquid crystal temperature range and a high clear point depending on the ways of designing of a binding group to a linking group; a method for producing the compound; a liquid crystal composition containing the compound; and a liquid crystal electrooptical element. The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (1).
C07C 17/35 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or halogen atoms in the molecules
C07C 17/354 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or halogen atoms in the molecules by hydrogenation
C07C 41/18 - Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
C07C 43/225 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
C09K 19/30 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
C09K 19/34 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
9.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING FUEL ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL
Provided is a method for producing an NiO-GDC composite powder or an NiO-SDC composite powder of a uniform composition suitable as a fuel electrode material for a solid oxide fuel cell. The method for producing the fuel electrode material for the solid oxide fuel cell comprising a composite powder that comprises a composite oxide containing cerium and gadolinium or samarium, and oxygen, and an oxide containing nickel and oxygen, has: a dissolution step in which a metal-containing solution is obtained by mixing a raw material compound containing the metal constituting the composite powder, at least one type of organic acid selected from a group comprising maleic acid, lactic acid and malic acid, and a solvent; and a drying and sintering step in which the metal-containing solution that is obtained is dried and sintered.
H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
H01M 8/12 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
10.
NOVEL COMPOUND HAVING NEGATIVE DIELECTRIC ANISOTROPY AND HAVING CYCLIC STRUCTURE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, LIQUID CRYSTAL COMPOSITION AND LIQUID CRYSTAL ELECTROOPTICAL ELEMENT
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel negative Δε function-developing cyclic structure-containing compound in which Δε is a large negative value, which is chemically stable, which has excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal materials or non-liquid crystal materials, and which is used to develop a liquid crystal compound capable of exhibiting a variety of characteristics such as rapid response, low viscosity, wide liquid crystal temperature range and high transparency by specifying a bonding group to a linking group; a method for producing this compound; and a liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal electrooptical element containing this compound. The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (1).
C09K 19/30 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
11.
POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE SUBSTANCE FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY CELLS, AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF
A positive electrode active substance for lithium ion secondary cells which has high filling properties and high volume capacity density, and a production method thereof are provided. A positive electrode active substance for lithium ion secondary cells is used which comprises a mixture (B) of a collection of large particles of different particle diameters and a collection of small particles of different particle diameters. The function F(x) of particle diameters x contained in said mixture (B) and the frequency F thereof has the relation of formula 1, the function E(x) of the particle diameters x contained in mixture B', the result of pressurizing mixture B, and the frequency E thereof has the relation of formula 2. The rate of change of the median diameter μ'g relative to μg in the powder of the large particle collection is 10% or less, and the rate of change of the median diameter μ'h relative to μh in the powder of the small particle collection is 20% or greater.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
12.
AIR-ELECTRODE MATERIAL POWDER FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS THEREFOR
Provided are: an air-electrode material powder for a solid oxide fuel cell, said air-electrode material powder consisting of a novel LSCF powder which has a highly uniform composition and is thus suitable as an air-electrode material for a solid oxide fuel cell; and a process for manufacturing the same. A composite oxide which comprises lanthanum, strontium, cobalt, iron and oxygen and which has a perovskite structure such that when the composite oxide is subjected to measurement with an electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA), the distribution points determined from both the peak intensities [La] of Lα1 characteristic X-ray from lanthanum and the peak intensities [Sr] of Lα1 characteristic X-ray from strontium are present in the region satisfying relationship (1), while the distribution points determined from both the peak intensities [Co] of Kα1 characteristic X-ray from cobalt and the peak intensities [Fe] of Kα1 characteristic X-ray from iron are present in the region satisfying relationship (2). a[La]-150 ≤ [Sr] ≤ a[La]+150 ··· (1) b[Co]-300 ≤ [Fe] ≤ b[Co]+300 ··· (2) (wherein 0.2 ≤ a ≤ 1.0 and 0.1 ≤ b ≤ 4.0)
H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
C04B 35/50 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on rare earth compounds
Provided is a positive electrode active substance usable even under high voltage, and having excellent battery performance such as discharge capacity, average discharge voltage, stability, volume capacity density, and charge and discharge cycle durability. This electrode active substance for a lithium ion secondary battery comprises a phosphate on the particle surface of a lithium-cobalt containing composite oxide, and is characterized in that the ratio D2/D1 of the crystal diameter D2 of the phosphate to the crystal diameter D1 of the lithium-cobalt containing composite oxide is D2/D1 ≧ 0.45.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
14.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING LITHIUM-CONTAINING COMPOSITE OXIDE
Provided is a method for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide which contains no impurity that is toxic and adversely affects battery performance and which has excellent mass productivity, quality stability and battery performance, at low cost. A method for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide, comprising a first burning step of burning a raw material powder in a rotatable cylindrical metallic container that is heated externally while rotating the cylindrical metallic container to produce a burned product and a second burning step of burning the burned product at a burning temperature higher than a burning temperature employed in the first burning step, wherein a powder contact part between the inside of the cylindrical metallic container and the raw material mixture is composed of pure nickel containing 99 mass% or more of nickel or a nickel alloy containing 15 to 25 mass% of chromium, 15 to 25 mass% of molybdenum or 3 to 6 mass% of aluminum and a remainder made up by nickel, the burning temperature employed in the first burning step is 450 to 600˚C and the burning temperature employed in the second burning step is 700 to 1100˚C.
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
15.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING SILICON COMPOUND WHICH CONTAINS FLUORINE-CONTAINING ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON GROUP
Provided is a method for producing a silicon compound, which contains a fluorine-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon group and is useful as a silane coupling agent and the like, from an easily available starting material by easily handleable and highly safe processes. A compound represented by Rf-CH2-CHX-SiR1R2R3 (1) is heated in a specific polyether so as to perform hydrogen substitution of the group X. In the formula, Rf represents a monovalent fluoroaliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1-10 carbon atoms, in which -O- may be inserted between C-C atoms or to a bond end thereof; each of R1, R2 and R3 independently represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-3 carbon atoms; each of R4 and R5 independently represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms; and X represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a copolymer for cosmetics, which has excellent water repellency and oil repellency even though a polyfluoroalkyl group therein has 6 or less carbon atoms; a surface treatment agent which contains the copolymer for cosmetics; a powder for cosmetics, which is treated with the surface treatment agent and has excellent water repellency and oil repellency; and a cosmetic preparation which contains the powder for cosmetics. A copolymer for cosmetics of the present invention contains: 70-90% by mass of a constituent unit (A) that is derived from a compound represented by formula (a); 2-25% by mass of a constituent unit (B) that is derived from a compound represented by formula (b); 2-25% by mass of a constituent unit (C) that is derived from a compound represented by formula (c); 0.1-10% by mass of a constituent unit (D) that is derived from a compound represented by formula (d); and a residue (E) of a chain-transfer agent (e) that contains an OH group or a COOH group. CH2=CR1-COO-Q1-Rf (a) CH2=CR2-Q2-COOH (b) CH2=CR3-COO-(R4O)n-R5 (c) CH2=CR7-COO-Q3-P(O)(OH)-R8 (d)
A61K 8/81 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
A61Q 1/00 - Make-up preparationsBody powdersPreparations for removing make-up
17.
LIQUID-CRYSTAL COMPOUND, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR, LIQUID-CRYSTAL COMPOSITION, AND LIQUID-CRYSTAL ELECTRO-OPTICAL ELEMENT
Provided are: a liquid-crystal compound that can combine characteristics such as chemical stability, excellent compatibility with other liquid-crystal materials or non-liquid-crystal materials, fast response, low viscosity, a wide liquid-crystal temperature range, and a high clearing point; a method for manufacturing said compound; a liquid-crystal composition containing said compound; and a liquid-crystal display element. This liquid-crystal compound has a group linked by -CF2CF2CF2O-, namely (1) R1-(A1)m-Z1-(A2)n-Z2-(A3)p-Z3-A4-CF2CF2CF2O-A5-Z4-(A6)q-Z5-(A7)r-R2.
C07C 43/225 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
C07C 41/20 - Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
C07C 41/22 - Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by introduction of halogenPreparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
C07C 43/18 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C 255/54 - Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton containing cyano groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the carbon skeleton
C07C 331/28 - Isothiocyanates having isothiocyanate groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
C07C 381/00 - Compounds containing carbon and sulfur and having functional groups not covered by groups
C09K 19/20 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters
C09K 19/30 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
C09K 19/32 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
18.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING LITHIUM COBALT-CONTAINING COMPLEX OXIDE FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY CELL
The present invention provides a method for efficiently producing, by a short process, a lithium cobalt-containing complex oxide, which can be used under a high voltage and has excellent cell performance, including discharge capacity, average discharge voltage, stability, volume capacity density, and charge-discharge cycle durability, and with which the cell expansion that accompanies charging and discharging is controlled. A starting powder comprising a cobalt compound and a lithium compound at a predetermined ratio is precalcined at 300 to 600ºC to obtain a precalcined powder and then this precalcined powder is mixed with an acid that will react with lithium atoms, or a salt of this acid and a volatile base and the resulting mixture is calcined at 720 to 1,100ºC.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
Provided are a surface-modified lithium-containing compound oxide having high stability and excellent rate properties and charge-discharge cycle durability, a method for producing the same, a method for producing a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary cell, and a method for producing a lithium ion secondary cell. The surface of lithium-containing compound oxide particles is coated with a compound oxide formed from gadolinium and zirconium by impregnating the lithium-containing compound oxide particles with a coating liquid containing gadolinium and zirconium and heat treating the resulting impregnated particles at 250 to 550ºC.
H01M 4/1391 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
Provided are: uses of a polymer that includes structural units derived from compounds represented by formula (a), as a surfactant having a superior ability to reduce surface tension or as a surface modifier and coating material for imparting antifouling properties; and a composition in each of these uses. Further provided is a novel fluorine-containing compound which is useful as a surfactant from among the aforesaid compounds. CH2=CR1-COX-CR2R3-(CH2)n-COO-Q1-Rf1 (a) In the formula, X is -0- or -NR4-; R1 is a hydrogen atom or methyl group; R2, R3, and R4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a C1-3 alkyl group, or a group represented by formula (r) -(CH2)m-COO-Q2-Rf2 (r); n and m are each independently an integer 0-4; Rf1 and Rf2 are each independently a C1-6 polyfluoroalkyl group or polyfluoroether group; and Q1 and Q2 are each independently a single bond or divalent linking group.
B01F 17/52 - Natural or synthetic resins or their salts
C07C 233/49 - Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a carbon atom of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
C08F 20/28 - Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
C08F 20/58 - Amides containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen
2 are independently single bond or a divalent linkage group, J is hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and G is hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
C08F 20/58 - Amides containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen
C07C 233/49 - Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a carbon atom of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
Provided is a method for manufacturing a catalyst for exhaust gas cleaning with a low initiation temperature for carbon combustion. The method is for manufacturing a catalyst for cleaning exhaust gas that contains composite oxides containing cerium and rare earth elements other than cerium, silver and/or oxides of silver from dissolution processes that manufacture solutions by dissolving compounds containing silver, compounds containing cerium, and compounds containing rare earth elements other than cerium (A) or cerium, compounds containing rare earth elements other than cerium, and compounds containing silver (B) in an aqueous solution of lactic acid and drying and sintering processes for drying and sintering those solutions.
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operationControl specially adapted for catalytic conversion
24.
Fluorine-containing compound, fluorine-containing surfactant and compositions containing same
C07C 305/04 - Esters of sulfuric acids having oxygen atoms of sulfate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
C07C 309/14 - Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the carbon skeleton containing amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton
B01F 17/00 - Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
5 independently represent a single bond, an alkylene group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and a, b, c, d, and e independently represent 0 or 1 with the proviso that 0≦a+b+c+d+e≦3.
C09K 19/30 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
C09K 19/12 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
C09K 19/18 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
C07C 43/215 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring having unsaturation outside the six-membered aromatic rings
C07C 43/225 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
Disclosed is a liquid crystal composition suitable for producing a liquid crystal electrooptical element which can be driven at a low voltage in a wide temperature range and has high display quality. Also disclosed is a liquid crystal electrooptical element produced by using the liquid crystal composition. Further disclosed is a liquid crystal compound useful in preparing this composition.
C09K 19/30 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
C09K 19/12 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
C09K 19/16 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. stilbenes
C07C 43/215 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring having unsaturation outside the six-membered aromatic rings
C07C 43/225 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
The production method inexpensively provides a composite compound which comprises nickel and cobalt with few impurities, and serves as a precursor for the positive electrode active material of a lithium ion secondary battery. The composite compound is safe, has a high service capacity, has a superior charge/discharge cycle durability and can be used with a wide range of voltages. The production method for a composite compound comprising nickel, cobalt and an M element is characterized in that an aqueous solution or dispersion comprising nickel, cobalt and an M element is obtained by mixing a nickel ammine complex, a cobalt ammine complex and an M element source, and the aqueous solution or dispersion is heated to thermally decompose the nickel ammine complex and cobalt ammine complex and thereby produce a composite compound containing nickel, cobalt and an M element.
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
28.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING NICKEL-CONTAINING COMPLEX COMPOUND
Provided is a low-cost production method for precursor for use in production of a cathode active material for a lithium-ion rechargeable battery that can be used in a wide voltage range, has a high discharge capacity and a high safety, and is excellent in charge-discharge cycle durability. The method includes: step (1) of obtaining a slurry suspension containing particles of nickel-M element-containing complex compound by decomposing nickel ammine complex by heating a nickel-M element-containing solution or dispersion that contains a nickel ammine complex and M element source (with the proviso that M is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a transition metal element excluding Ni and Co, an alkaline-earth metal element, and aluminum); and step (2) of obtaining a granulated substance of the nickel-M element-containing complex compound by drying and granulating the slurry suspension.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
Disclosed are: an inexpensive and nonflammable solvent which can be used as a solvent for a fluorinated polymer; and a fluorine-containing surface-treating agent which can impart satisfactory levels of water-repellency, oil-repellency and IPA-repellency to the surface of a base material, is nonflammable, and is advantageous from the environmental and economical viewpoint. Specifically disclosed are: a nonflammable solvent comprising (1) bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene and (2) CF3CH2OCF2CF2H at a (1)/(2) ratio of 50/50 to 97/3 by mass, wherein the sum total of the contents of the both components is 80 mass% or more relative to the total amount of the solvent; and a fluorine-containing surface-treating agent containing the solvent.
C09K 3/18 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surface to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water theretoThawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
30.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF POSITIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY
Disclosed is a process for producing a lithium-containing oxide having excellent charge-discharge cycle durability, a low free alkali content, high discharge capacity, high filling properties and high volume capacity density. Specifically disclosed is a process for producing a positive electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery, which is characterized by comprising: bringing a lithium-containing oxide represented by general formula LiaNibCocMndMeO2 (wherein M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements excluding Ni, Co and Mn, aluminum, tin, zinc, and alkali earth metals; 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.2; 0 ≤ b ≤ 1; 0 ≤ c ≤ 1; 0 ≤ d ≤ 0.6 and 0 ≤ e ≤ 0.2, wherein a + b + c + d + e = 2) into contact with an aqueous zirconium solution having a zirconium concentration of 5 to 1000 ppm; and separating the aqueous zirconium solution from the lithium-containing oxide, thereby producing the positive electrode material.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/1391 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
Disclosed is a compound represented by formula (a): CH2=CR1-CONJ-CKR2-(CH2)n-COO-Q1-Rf1, which is capable of forming a polymer having oil repellency equivalent to that of a conventional polymer containing a polyfluoroalkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms although the compound contains a polyfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms. Also disclosed is use of the compound. In formula (a), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group represented by formula (r): -(CH2)m-COO-Q2-Rf2; n and m each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4; Rf1 and Rf2 each independently represent a polyfluoroalkyl group or polyfluoroether group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a single bond or a divalent linking group; J represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; K represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; j and k each independently represent a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein j and k are not a single bond at the same time.
C08F 20/58 - Amides containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen
C07C 233/49 - Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a carbon atom of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
C09K 3/18 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surface to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water theretoThawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
32.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF POSITIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES
Disclosed is a process for producing a lithium-containing oxide that has excellent charge-discharge cycle durability, can generate free alkaline components at low contents, and also has high discharge capacity, high filling properties and a high volume capacity density. Specifically disclosed is a process for producing a positive electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, which is characterized by comprising: bringing a lithium-containing oxide represented by general formula LiaNibCocMndMeO2 (wherein M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements other than Ni, Co and Mn, aluminum, tin, zinc and alkali earth metals; 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.2; 0 ≤ b ≤ 1; 0 ≤ c ≤ 1; 0 ≤ d ≤ 0.6; and 0 ≤ e ≤ 0.2, wherein a+b+c+d+e = 2) into contact with an aqueous aluminum solution having an aluminum concentration of 10 to 250 ppm; and separating the aqueous aluminum solution from the lithium-containing oxide, thereby producing the positive electrode material.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/1391 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
Provided is a fluorine-containing compound represented by general formula (1), which exhibits an excellent surface tension lowering effect, though the fluorine-containing compound is a low-environment-load type, fluorine-containing material that does not contain a perfluoroalkyl group having a chain length of 8 or longer, said perfluoroalkyl group being causative of problems associated with PFOS and PFOA. Also provided are a fluorine-containing surfactant, compositions containing the fluorine-containing surfactant, and an aqueous resin emulsion and a floor-polishing composition which each contain the fluorine-containing surfactant. Rf1-CpH2p-CH(OH)-CqH2q-NR-CrH2r-(O)n-SO3M (1) In general formula (1), Rf1 is a C1-6 perfluoroalkyl group; p, q and r are each independently an integer of 1 to 6; M is a cationic atom or atomic group; n is 0 or 1; and R is a hydrogen atom, a C1-12 alkyl group, or a group represented by general formula (2): Rf2-CsH2s-CH(OH)-CtH2t- (2) (wherein Rf2 is a C1-6 perfluoroalkyl group; and s and t are each independently an integer of 1 to 6).
C07C 305/04 - Esters of sulfuric acids having oxygen atoms of sulfate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
B01F 17/00 - Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
C07C 309/14 - Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the carbon skeleton containing amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton
Provided are a composition for floor polishing and an aqueous resin emulsion which has a low environmental impact, exhibits excellent leveling properties, and is capable of forming a membrane that can be easily coated onto a base material and has an excellent appearance. The aqueous resin emulsion contains: a specific surfactant (A) with a molecular weight of less than 2500 which contains a fluorine-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon group obtained by substituting a fluorine atom for one or more hydrogen atoms in a univalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the main chain; a fluorine-containing polymer (B) with a mass average molecular weight of 2500 or more which contains a specific polymer unit and has a structure satisfying specific conditions; an aqueous medium (C); and a resin (D). The floor polishing composition uses said aqueous resin emulsion.
Provided is a monodisperse polymer of a bifunctional compound chloromethylstyrene. Chloromethylstyrene is distilled to a purity of at least 99% and polymerized, preferably using a RAFT reagent.
Disclosed is a surface treatment agent which uses a polymer that is obtained from a compound which contains a liner perfluoroalkyl group having 6 carbon atoms and has less influence on the living body and the environment, said surface treatment agent exhibiting excellent water repellency, oil repellency, IPA repellency and water sliding properties. Specifically, the surface treatment agent contains a solvent and a polymer that contains an acrylic polymerization unit (A) derived from a compound represented by formula (a) described below and a methacrylic polymerization unit (B) derived from the compound represented by formula (b) described below. formula (a): CH2=CH-COO-(CH2)n1-(CF2)6F (In formula (a), n1 represents an integer of 0-4.) formula (b): CH2=C(CH3)-COO-(CH2)n2-(CF2)6F (In formula (b), n2 represents an integer of 0-4.)
C09K 3/18 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surface to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water theretoThawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
H05K 3/34 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
Provided is a surface treatment agent which uses a polymer formed of a compound having a linear perfluoroalkyl group having 6 carbon atoms and having less effect on living organisms and environment, and has excellent water repellency, oil repellency, and IPA repellency. The surface treatment agent comprises (1) an acrylic polymer containing a polymerization unit (A) derived from a compound represented by formula (a) at a content of 80% by mass or more and (2) a methacrylic polymer containing a polymerization unit (B) derived from a compound represented by formula (b) at a content of 80% by mass or more in a solvent. CH2=CH-COO-(CH2)n1-(CF2)6F Formula (a) In formula (a), n1 is an integer of 0 to 4. CH2=C(CH3)-COO-(CH2)n2-(CF2)6F Formula (b) In formula (b), n2 is an integer of 0 to 4.
C09K 3/18 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surface to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water theretoThawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
H05K 3/34 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
38.
SURFACE-MODIFIED LITHIUM-CONTAINING COMPLEX OXIDE FOR POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME
Disclosed is a surface-modified lithium-containing complex oxide which has excellent discharge capacity, volumetric capacity, safety, charge/discharge cycle durability and high rate characteristics. Specifically disclosed is a surface-modified lithium-containing complex oxide which contains lithium-titanium complex oxide that contains lithium, titanium and element Q (Q represents one element selected from a group consisting of B, Al, Sc, Y and In) in the surface layers of lithium-containing complex oxide particles having a specific composition. The lithium-titanium complex oxide is contained in the surface layer of each particle in such an amount that the total of titanium and the element Q in the lithium-titanium complex oxide contained in the surface layer is 0.01-2 mol% of the lithium-containing complex oxide particle. The lithium-titanium complex oxide has a peak within a range where the diffraction angle 2θ is 43.8 ± 0.5˚ in the powder X-ray diffraction analysis using a Cu-Kα ray.
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
39.
RESIN ADHESION INHIBITOR FOR ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, AND ELECTRONIC MEMBER AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENT COMPRISING SAME
Disclosed is a resin adhesion inhibitor for electronic components which comprises a polymer unit derived from an unsaturated compound having a polyfluoroalkyl group, or the like, with low biological and environmental impact, and which exhibits a resin adhesion-inhibiting ability equivalent to that of conventional inhibitors containing a polymer derived from an unsaturated compound having a polyfluoroalkyl group with 8 or more carbons; further disclosed are an electronic member and electronic component. Disclosed is a resin adhesion inhibitor for electronic components which comprises at least a polymer containing a polymer unit derived from a compound represented by formula (a) in a solvent. formula (a) In formula (a), R1 is a hydrogen atom or methyl group, and Rf1 is a polyfluoroalkyl group or polyfluoroalkoxyalkyl group with a 2-5 carbon main chain, which contains 4 or more fluorine atoms and wherein the main chain terminal group is CF3.
Disclosed are a liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal electro-optic element with a low rotational viscosity (γ1) and an appropriate elastic coefficient. The fluorine-containing composition is represented by formula (1). (1) R1: hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group. R2: halogen atom, alkyl group for which a halogen atom is substituted or having a (thio) ether group. A1-A4: phenylene group for which a halogen atom is substituted or having a (thio) ether group, a cyclohexylene group. Z1-Z3: single bond, –O–, –S–, bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group for which a halogen atom is substituted or having a (thio) ether group. n: an integer of 0-3. a, b, c: 0, 1, where a + b + c is at least one.
C07C 22/08 - Cyclic compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom having unsaturation in the rings containing six-membered aromatic rings containing fluorine
C09K 19/12 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
C09K 19/14 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
C09K 19/20 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters
C09K 19/28 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and sulfur atoms as chain links, e.g. thioesters
C09K 19/30 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
C09K 19/34 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
41.
LIQUID CRYSTAL COMPOUND AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF, LIQUID CRYSTAL COMPOSITION, AND LIQUID CRYSTAL ELECTROOPTICAL ELEMENT
Disclosed is a liquid crystal composition suitable for producing a liquid crystal electrooptical element which can be driven at a low voltage in a wide temperature range and has high display quality. Also disclosed is a liquid crystal electrooptical element produced by using the liquid crystal composition. Further disclosed is a liquid crystal compound represented by formula (1). R1-(A1)a-Z1-(A2)b-Z2-(A7)e-Z5-A3-CF=CFCF2O-A4-Z3-(A5)c-Z4-(A6)d-R2 (1) In formula (1), R1 and R2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, -CN, -NCS, -SF5, or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6 and A7 independently represent a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, a 1,3-cyclobutylene group, a 1,2-cyclopropylene group, a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, or a 1,4-phenylene group; Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 independently represent a single bond, or an alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and a, b, c, d and e independently represent a number of 0 or 1 and fulfill the requirement represented by the following formula 0 ≤ a+b+c+d+e ≤ 3.
C07C 43/225 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
C09K 19/12 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
C09K 19/14 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
C09K 19/16 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. stilbenes
C09K 19/18 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
C09K 19/20 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters
C09K 19/28 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and sulfur atoms as chain links, e.g. thioesters
C09K 19/30 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
C09K 19/32 - Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
42.
SURFACE-MODIFIED LITHIUM-CONTAINING COMPLEX OXIDE FOR POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL OF LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
Disclosed is a highly safe surface-modified lithium-containing complex oxide for positive electrode active material of lithium ion secondary batteries, which has excellent volumetric capacity, charge/discharge cycle durability and rate characteristics. A method for producing the surface-modified lithium-containing complex oxide is also disclosed. Particles of a lithium-containing complex oxide represented by the following formula: LipNxMyOzFa (wherein N represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni; M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements other than N, Al, Sn and alkaline earth metal elements; 0.9 ≤ p ≤ 1.3; 0.9 ≤ x ≤ 2.0; 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.1; 1.9 ≤ z ≤ 4.2; and 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.05) are impregnated with a solution containing a lanthanoid source and a titanium source and then heat-treated at 550-1000˚C, thereby producing a surface-modified lithium-containing complex oxide containing, in the surface layers of the particles, a highly crystalline lithium-lanthanoid-titanium complex oxide having a perovskite structure and containing no fluorine.
H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
43.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING GRANULAR POWDER FOR POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL OF LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY
Disclosed is a highly safe positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries, which has high volumetric capacity and packing density, while exhibiting excellent charge/discharge cycle durability. A method for producing a granular powder which is useful as a raw material for the positive electrode active material is also disclosed. The method for producing a granular powder is characterized in that granules having a substantially spherical shape are obtained by having particles coprecipitated from an aqueous solution, in which an element N (which is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni) and an element M (which is at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements other than the element N, Al, Sn, Zn and alkaline earth metal elements) are dissolved, then desalting and spray-drying the coprecipitated particles.
Disclosed is a highly safe positive electrode active material of lithium ion secondary batteries, which has high volumetric capacity and packing density, while exhibiting excellent charge/discharge cycle durability. A method for producing a granular powder which is useful as a raw material for the positive electrode active material is also disclosed. The method for producing a granular powder is characterized in that coprecipitation particles are coprecipitated from a solution wherein an Ni source, a Co source and an Mn source, or alternatively an Ni source, a Co source and an Al source are dissolved, and the coprecipitated particles are desalted and spray dried, thereby obtaining granules having a substantially spherical shape.
FLUX CREEPING-UP PREVENTIVE COMPOSITION FOR SOLDER, ELECTRONIC MEMBER FOR SOLDER COATED WITH THE COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR SOLDERING THE MEMBER, AND ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE
Disclosed is a flux creeping-up preventive composition for a solder that has flux creeping-up preventive properties comparable with those of a conventional flux creeping-up preventive agent comprising a polymer containing a polyfluoroalkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, wherein an influence on a living body and an environment can be significantly reduced. The flux creeping-up preventive composition comprises a polymer comprising at least one type of an (meth)acrylate polymerization unit (A) containing a perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and at least one type of a polymerization unit (B) derived from a hydroxyl group-containing unsaturated compound. The polymer has a weight average molecular weight (in terms of polymethyl methacrylate) of not less than 150000.
B23K 35/36 - Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxesSelection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
B23K 1/00 - Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
B23K 35/363 - Selection of compositions of fluxes for soldering or brazing
H05K 3/34 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
Disclosed is a process for producing a surface-modified lithium-containing composite oxide which is excellent in discharge capacity, volume capacity density, safety, charge-discharge cycle durability and rate properties and which can be produced at low cost. Specifically disclosed is a process for producing a surface-modified lithium-containing composite oxide which comprises a particle of a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the general formula LipNxMyOzFa [wherein N represents at least one element selected from Co, Mn and Ni; M represents at least one element selected from a transition metal element other than Co, Mn or Ni, Al, Sn and an alkali earth metal element; and p, x, y, z and a respectively fulfill the following formulae: 0.9≤p≤1.3, 0.9≤x≤2.0, 0≤y≤0.1, 1.9≤z≤4.2, and 0≤a≤0.05] and a lithium-titanium composite oxide contained in the surface layer of the particle. When the surface-modified lithium-containing composite oxide is impregnated with a solution having a lithium source and a titanium source dissolved therein and then heated at a predetermined temperature, the titanium content in the surface layer of the surface-modified lithium-containing composite oxide is 0.01 to 1.95 mol%.
H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/50 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
H01M 4/52 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
47.
GRANULATED POWDER OF TRANSITION METAL COMPOUND FOR RAW MATERIAL FOR POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL OF LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
Disclosed is a transition metal compound granule serving as a raw material for a positive electrode active material of a lithium secondary battery which has high filling density, high volumetric capacity, high safety and excellent charge/discharge cycle durability. Specifically disclosed is a transition metal compound granule for a raw material for positive electrode active materials of lithium ion secondary batteries, which is characterized by containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and manganese. This transition metal compound granule is also characterized by being substantially spherical and composed of particles having an average primary particle diameter of not more than 1 &mgr;m, and having an average particle diameter D50 of 10-40 &mgr;m and an average pore diameter of not more than 1 &mgr;m.
A composite oxide containing lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese which exhibits a high weight capacity density and packing property and excellent cycle characteristics, discharge rate characteristics and safety and which is reduced in the free alkali content and does not cause gelling in preparing a slurry. A composite oxide powder containing lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese as represented by the general formula: LipNixCoyMnzMqO2-aFa (wherein M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements except Co, Mn and Ni; Al; Ge; Sn; and alkaline earth metal elements, 0.9≤p≤1.1, 0.2≤x≤0.5, 0.2≤y≤0.5, 0.1≤z≤0.4, 0≤q≤0.05, 1.9≤2-a≤2.1, p+x+y+z+q=2, and 0≤a≤0.02), characterized in that when the powder is classified into a smaller size particle fraction having a mean particle size satisfying the relationship: 2&mgr;m≤D50≤8&mgr;m and a larger size particle fraction having a mean particle size satisfying the relationship: 10&mgr;m≤D50≤25&mgr;m, the ratio of (wt% of the former fraction)/(wt% of the latter fraction) is 15/85 to 40/60 and the molar ratio (ps) of lithium to the sum of nickel, cobalt, manganese and M of the former fraction is smaller than the molar ratio (pl) of lithium to the sum of nickel, cobalt, manganese and M of the latter fraction.
This invention provides a process for producing, in an inexpensive and highly efficient manner, a lithium-containing composite oxide suitable for a positive electrode active material for a rechargeable battery with a nonaqueous electrolyte, which has a high electrode density, a high discharge capacitance, and excellent other various properties such as safety, rate properties, and charge-discharge cycle properties, and a nonaqueous lithium ion rechargeable battery comprising a lithium-containing composite oxide produced by the production process, and an inexpensive process for producing a granulated powder suitable as a raw material for the positive electrode active material. In the production process, a mixed powder comprising at least a lithium source and an N element source is fired under an oxygen-containing atmosphere at 750 to 1100ºC to produce a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by general formula LipNxMyOzFa, wherein N represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, and Mn, ; M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements other than Ni, Co, and Mn, Al, Sn, and alkaline earth metal elements; 0.9 ≤ p ≤ 1.3; 0.92 ≤ x ≤ 2; 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.05; 1.9 ≤ z ≤ 4.1; and 0 ≤ a < 0.05. The production process is characterized in that the N element source is a granulated powder produced by preparing a slurry containing at least an N element-containing compound powder (1) having an average particle diameter of 1 to 15 &mgr;m and an N element-containing compound powder (2) having an average particle diameter smaller than the N element-containing compound powder (1) and not more than 4 &mgr;m is dried and granulated.
Disclosed is a lithium-containing composite oxide for a positive electrode of a lithium secondary battery, which has a high capacity density, is highly safe, and has excellent charge/discharge cycle durability and charge/discharge rate property. Also disclosed is a method for producing the lithium-containing composite oxide. Specifically disclosed is a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the general formula: LipNxMyOzFa [wherein N represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni; M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements excluding Co, Mn and Ni, Al, Sn and alkali earth metal elements, and p, x, y, z and a satisfy the following formulae: 0.9≤p≤1,2, 0.965≤x<2.00, 0
H01M 4/48 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
H01M 4/50 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
H01M 4/52 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
51.
COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING SOLDER FLUX SCRAMBLING, ELECTRONIC MEMBER FOR SOLDERING COATED WITH THE COMPOSITION, METHOD OF SOLDERING THE MEMBER, AND ELECTRICAL PRODUCT
A composition for preventing solder flux scrambling which contains a polymer comprising monomer units derived from an unsaturated compound having a C6 or lower polyfluoroalkyl group. Despite the constitution, this composition is comparable in performances to a conventional composition for preventing solder flux scrambling which contains a polymer comprising monomer units derived from an unsaturated compound having a C8 or higher polyfluoroalkyl group. The composition for preventing solder flux scrambling is one containing a polymer comprising monomer units derived from at least one unsaturated compound represented by the following formula (a). (a) In the formula, the symbols have the following meanings: R1: hydrogen or methyl; Q1 and Q2: each independently a single bond or a divalent connecting member; and Rf: C1-6 polyfluoroalkyl optionally containing an etheric oxygen atom inserted between carbon atoms.
B23K 35/36 - Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxesSelection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
B23K 1/00 - Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
H05K 3/34 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
This invention provides an aromatic compound containing an amino group at its end represented by formula (1): (1) wherein R1, R2, R4, and R5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted monovalent organic residue, provided that R1 and R2 together may form a ring and R1 and/or R2, together with X, may form a ring; and R3 represents an anchor group which can be linked to an inorganic porous material having semiconductor properties. By virtue of the specific partial structure, the above aromatic compoud has a broad absorption band in a visible range and can be used as photofunctional materials, particularly sensitizing dyes for photoelectric conversion. In particular, the use of the aromatic compound in dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion batteries can realize the provision of photoelectric conversion batteries having high photoelectric conversion efficiency and high stability.
Disclosed is a highly safe positive electrode active material which is excellent in charge/discharge cycle characteristics, while having a high discharge capacity even at a high operating voltage. Also disclosed are a method for producing such a positive electrode active material, and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising such a positive electrode active material. Specifically disclosed is a positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries which is characterized by being composed of a surface-modified lithium-containing complex oxide particle represented by the following general formula: LipNxMyO2 (wherein N represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni; M represents an element selected from the group consisting of transition metals other than the element N, alkaline earth metals and aluminum; and 0.9 ≤ p ≤ 1.1, 0.9 ≤ x < 1.1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.3). The positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries is further characterized in that the surface layer thereof contains titanium, and the atomic ratio of the titanium content to the element N content within 5 nm from the surface is not less than 0.6.
This invention provides a positive electrode active material, which has a high level of safety, has a high discharge capacitance even at a high operating voltage, and has excellent charge/discharge cycle characteristics, a method for manufacturing the positive electrode active material, and a rechargeable battery with a nonaqueus electrolyte, comprising the positive electrode active material. The positive electrode active material for a rechargeable battery with a nonaqueous electrolyte is characterized by comprising surface-modified lithium-containing composite oxide particles comprising particles of a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by general formula LipNxO2 wherein N = NiyM1-y-zLz; M represents at least one of Co and Mn; L represents an element selected from transition metals other than Ni, Co, and Mn, alkaline earth metals, and aluminum; and 0.9 ≤ p ≤ 1.1, 0.9 ≤ x ឬ 1.1, 0.2 ≤ y ≤ 0.9, and 0 ≤ z ≤ 0.3, and a surface layer containing aluminum, the content of aluminum in the surface layer in its part within 5 nm from the surface being not less than 0.8 in terms of atomic ratio based on the total of Ni and element M.
Disclosed is a polishing composition which enables a polishing wherein both high polishing rate and excellent step elimination are achieved for an object to be polished. Also disclosed is a polishing method which enables to quickly polish a wiring metal while suppressing increase in wiring resistance. The polishing method is also excellent in step elimination properties. Specifically disclosed is a polishing composition containing abrasive grains, an oxidizing agent, ammonium ions, polyvalent carboxylic acid ions, at least one chelating agent selected from the group consisting of pentaethylenehexamine, triethylenetetramine and tetraethylenepentamine, and an aqueous medium. Also disclosed is a polishing method wherein a wiring metal (3) is polished by using the polishing composition after forming a wiring groove (2) in a resin base (1) and filling the wiring groove (2) with the wiring metal (3).
This invention provides a positive electrode active material for a rechargeable battery with a nonaqueous electrolyte, which has high operating voltage, high volume capacity density, high safety, and excellent charge/discharge cycle characteristics, and a method for manufacturing the same. The positive electrode active material for a rechargeable battery with a nonaqueous electrolyte is characterized in that the active material is represented by general formula LipNxMyOzFa wherein N represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni; M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements other than element N, Al, and alkaline earth metal elements; and 0.9 ≤ p ≤ 1.1, 0.965 ≤ x ឬ 1.00, 0 ឬ y ≤ 0.035, 1.9 ≤ z ≤ 2.1, x + y = 1 and 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.02, and has a surface layer which is formed of a lithium-containing composite oxide powder containing zirconium, the zirconium/element N atomic ratio within 5 nm of the surface layer from the surface being not less than 1.0.
The object is to provide a composition which has a high anti-flux migration effect and is applicable to a solder to be mounted on a surface. Disclosed is an anti-flux migration composition for a solder, which comprises a copolymer having a unit derived from at least one unsaturated compound having a polyfluoroalkyl group and represented by the formula (a) and a unit derived from at least one silane-containing (meth)acrylate represented by the formula (b): (a); and (b) wherein Q represents a single bond or a bivalent linking group; R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Rf represents a polyfluoroalkyl group which may have an etheric oxygen atom inserted between a carbon-carbon bonding; R2 represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolysable functional group; R3 and R4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a saturated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group; n represents an integer of 1 to 3; and m and l independently represent an integer of 0 or 1, provided that the number represented by the formula (4-n-m) is 1 or greater.
B23K 35/36 - Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxesSelection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
H05K 3/34 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
58.
LITHIUM-CONTAINING COMPOSITE OXIDE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF
Disclosed is a method for production of a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the general formula: LipMxMyOzFa, wherein N represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni; M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements excluding Co, Mn and Ni, Al and alkaline earth metal elements; and p, x, y and z respectively satisfy the follow requirements: 0.9≤p≤1.2, 0.95≤x<2.00, 0
A process for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide for the positive electrode of a lithium secondary cell, the composite oxide being excellent in volumetric capacitance density, safety, durability in charge/discharge cycles, and low-temperature characteristics. The process is for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the general formula LipNxMmOzFa (wherein N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, and Ni; M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metals other than the N elements, Al, and alkaline earth metals; and 0.9≤p≤1.2, 0.97≤x<1.00, 0
A process for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide for the positive electrode of a lithium secondary cell, the composite oxide having a high volumetric capacitance density and high safety and excellent in durability in charge/discharge cycles and low-temperature characteristics. The process is for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the general formula LipNxMyOzFa (wherein N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, and Ni; M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metals other than the N elements, Al, and alkaline earth metals; and 0.9≤p≤1.2, 0.95≤x<2.00, 0
H01M 4/50 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
H01M 4/52 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
61.
FLUORINE-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS, PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF, USES OF THE COMPOUNDS, METHOD FOR LOWERING SURFACE TENSION, AND METHOD FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION OF RESIN
Fluorine-containing compounds represented by the general formula (I) which are excellent in the ability to lower surface tension and the solubility in water; a process for the production of the same; uses thereof; a method for lowering surface tension; and a method for surface modification of resin: (I) wherein J5 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or -Z5-O-(AkO)n5-X5-R5; J6 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or -Z6-O-(AkO)n6-X6-R6; AkO is oxyalkylene; R1 to R6 are each hydrogen or a monovalent organic group, with the proviso that at least one of R1 to R6 is fluorine-containing alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; m is an integer of 0 to 20; n1 to n6 are each an integer of 0 to 20, with the proviso that the sum of n1 to n6 is larger than 0; X1 to X6 are each a single bond or a divalent connecting group; and Z3 to Z6 are each a single bond or methylene.
Disclosed is a polishing composition containing abrasive grains, an oxidizing agent, an electrolyte and an aqueous medium. This polishing composition is characterized in that ions produced from the electrolyte are composed of ammonium ions, at least one kind of organic carboxylate ions selected from the group consisting of polyvalent carboxylate ions and hydroxycarboxylate ions, and at least one kind of ions selected from the group consisting of carbonate ions, hydrogen carbonate ions, sulfate ions and acetate ions. After forming a wiring groove (2) in a resin substrate (1) and burying a wiring metal (3) in the wiring groove (2), the wiring metal (3) is polished by using the above-described polishing composition. Consequently, generation of scratches on the resin substrate (1) and the metal wiring (3) is kept to a minimum, while having a high polishing rate and improving the throughput.
In the polishing of a surface to be polished in the production of semiconductor integrated-circuit units, it is intended to obtain a planar surface of insulation layer having a built-in metal wiring. It is further intended to obtain a semiconductor integrated-circuit unit with highly planarized multilayer structure. In an abrasive for chemomechanical polishing used to polish surfaces to be polished of a semiconductor integrated-circuit unit, there are incorporated abrasive grains (A) of 5 to 300 nm average primary grain diameter exhibiting an in-abrasive association ratio of 1.5 to 5, oxidizer (B), protective film forming agent (C), acid (D), basic compound (E) and water (F).
A semiconductor abrasive that excels in dispersion stability and polishing speed and that especially in the use in multistage processing CMP, exhibits stable polishing characteristics with less influence even in instances of contact with alkaline abrasives. There is provided an abrasive for chemomechanical polishing for use in polishing of any surface to be polished in the production of semiconductor integrated-circuit units, which abrasive comprises cerium oxide abrasive grains, water and a dicarboxylic acid of the formula: HOOC(CH2)nCOOH (1) (wherein n is an integer of 1 to 4) and exhibits a pH value of 3.5 to 6 at 25°C.
Disclosed is a method for producing a lithium-containing complex oxide such as a lithium-cobalt complex oxide for positive electrodes of lithium secondary batteries, which complex oxide is excellent in charge/discharge cycle durability and low temperature characteristics. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing a lithium-containing complex oxide represented by the following general formula: LipNxMyOzFa (wherein N represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni; M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements other than N, Al and alkaline earth metal elements; and 0.9 ≤ p ≤ 1.2, 0.97 ≤ x ឬ 1.00, 0 ឬ y ≤ 0.03, 1.9 ≤ z ≤ 2.2, x + y = 1, and 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.02) by firing a mixture containing a lithium source, an element N source, an element M source, and if necessary a fluorine source in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. This method for producing a lithium-containing complex oxide for positive electrodes of lithium secondary batteries is characterized in that a substance obtained by spraying an element M source-containing solution over a powder containing an element N source while drying is used as the element N source and the element M source.
This invention provides a process for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide that has a large volume capacity density, possesses high safety and discharge/charge cycle durability and is suitable for mass production of a lithium-containing composite oxide having excellent low-temperature properties. The process for producing a lithium-containing composite oxide comprises firing a mixture containing a lithium source, an N element source, an M element source, and optionally a fluorine source under an oxygen-containing atmosphere to produce a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by general formula LipNxMyOzFa wherein N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni; M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements other than N, Al and alkaline earth metal elements; and 0.9 ≤ p ≤ 1.2, 0.97 ≤ x ≤ 1.00, 0 < y ≤ 0.03, 1.9 ≤ z ≤ 2.2, and x + y = 1 and 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.02, and is characterized in that a material prepared by impregnating an N element source-containing powder with an M element source-containing solution and drying the impregnated product as the N element source and M element source is used and that the firing is carried out in such a manner that first stage firing is carried out at 250 to 700ºC followed by second stage firing of the fired product at 850 to 1100ºC.
A technology for realizing a high-precision surface planarization in the use of copper as a wiring metal. Use is made of a polishing composition comprising water; a peroxide oxidizer; a surface protective agent for copper; at least one first chelating agent selected from the group consisting of tartaric acid, malonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid and fumaric acid; and at least one second chelating agent selected from the group consisting of triethylenetetramine, ethylenediaminediacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, tetraethylenepentamine, glycol-ether-diaminetetraacetic acid, trasn-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid, o-phenanthroline and derivatives thereof.
It is intended to provide novel amino group-containing heterocyclic derivatives, which have a broad absorption zone in the visible region and are suitable for sensitizing dyes for photoelectric conversion having a high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and photoelectric conversion materials, photoelectric conversion electrodes and photoelectric conversion cells using the same. Namely, a heterocyclic derivative represented by the following general formula (I) and containing an amino group at the terminus: (1) wherein R1, R2, R4 and R5 independently represent each a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group optionally having a substituent; R3 represents an anchor group capable of binding to an inorganic porous material showing semiconductor characteristics; X represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a combination of two or more aromatic hydrocarbons being divalent or higher; Y represents a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having a sulfur atom; Z represents a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, a divalent unsaturated hydrocarbon group or a combination thereof; and m is an integer of from 1 to 3.
C09B 23/00 - Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
C07D 333/24 - Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
H01L 31/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
H01M 14/00 - Electrochemical current or voltage generators not provided for in groups Manufacture thereof
