Abstract

The invention relates to a gasifier for a solid carbon fuel, comprising at least one first vertical vessel (4) and a means (5) for feeding the fuel (2) into an upper portion of the first vessel above a pyrolysis area (10), said pyrolysis area being an area in which the fed fuel is pyrolyzed in order to generate pyrolysis gases and carbonized fuel. The gasifier also comprises a combustion area (20) for burning said pyrolysis gases, a reduction area (30) for gasifying the carbonized fuel from the pyrolysis area (10) in order to generate synthesis gases and ash, and an outlet (6) for collecting said synthesis gases. The first vessel (4) includes a stationary horizontal plate (50) mounted between the feeding means (5) and the pyrolysis area (10) in order to retain the fed fuel in the pyrolysis area, as well as a mobile push member (51), mounted between the feeding means (5) and the plate (50), for transferring the fuel, retained on the plate, toward the pyrolysis area (10). The plate (50) forms a heat screen at least partially protecting the feeding means (5) and the mobile push member (51) from the high temperatures in the first vessel (4).

IPC Classes  ?

• C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
• C10J 3/66 - Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
• C10J 3/72 - Other features
• C10J 3/30 - Fuel charging devices
• B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
• B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
• B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds

Abstract

The invention relates to a gasifier for solid carbon fuel comprising a vertical vat (4), said vat comprising, in series from top to bottom: an inlet (5) for a solid carbon fuel (2) to be gasified; an area (10) for pyrolyzing said fuel so as to produce pyrolysis gases and char; an area (20) for combusting the pyrolysis gases; an area (30) for reducing the char; a gas outlet (6); and an ash-collecting area (40). The pyrolysis area (10) is separated from the combustion area (20) by an active transfer means comprising a transfer airlock (50) capable of transferring the fuel (2) from the pyrolysis area (10) to the reduction area (30) with said fuel being unable to flow directly from the pyrolysis area (10) to the reduction area (30), thus enabling better control of the flow rate of solid matter between said two areas.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10J 3/02 - Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
• C10J 3/66 - Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
• C10J 3/42 - Rotary grates
• C10J 3/40 - Movable grates
• C10J 3/28 - Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues fully automatic
• C10J 3/30 - Fuel charging devices
• C10J 3/26 - Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly