A method and an induction heater for heating a billet by rotating the billet about its mid-longitudinal axis in a DC magnetic field between mutually facing pole pieces on the limbs (2, 4) of a ferromagnetic yoke with a DC-fed coil makes it possible to increase the heating power input into the billet when the pole pieces (2.4.1, 4.1.1) of the yoke have a cross section which tapers in the direction of the billet, at least over one part of the length of said pole pieces parallel to the longitudinal axis of said billet.
A method and an induction heater for inductively heating a metal billet by rotating the billet (10.1) about its mid-longitudinal axis in an air gap between the limbs of a ferromagnetic yoke (3) with a coil arrangement (5), which generates a direct magnetic field in the air gap, provide the possibility of different heating in the longitudinal direction of the billet when the yoke (3) is tilted with respect to a substantially horizontal plane containing the mid-longitudinal axis of the billet.
In order to increase in particular the efficiency during the conversion of ocean wave power into electrical energy, the invention proposes a wave power plant comprising a chamber for the restricted guidance of an oscillating water column, wherein the chamber, which itself is closed underneath the water surface, has an opening through which water flows into the chamber and afterwards flows out of the same, and comprising a means for withdrawing mechanical energy from the oscillating water column and for converting the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The plant according to the invention is characterized in that the means comprises a floating body device borne by the water column and a linear generator having a stator and an actuator, wherein the floating body device is operatively connected to the actuator of the linear generator in a mechanical manner, and the actuator can be moved back and forth so as to generate electrical energy by the movement of the floating body device relative to the stator of the linear generator.
F03B 13/14 - Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatusPower stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
F03B 17/02 - Other machines or engines using hydrostatic thrust
F03B 13/18 - Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatusPower stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member and another member wherein the other member is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
4.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING METAL SUBSTRATES FOR HTS COATING ARRANGEMENTS
What is proposed is a method for producing a biaxially textured metal substrate having a metal surface, wherein the substrate is modified in order to produce a high-temperature superconductor coating arrangement and wherein the metal surface is modified in order to deposit a buffer layer or another intermediate layer epitaxially thereon and/or to deposit an oriented high-temperature superconductor (HTS) layer thereon, wherein - a biaxially textured metal substrate is produced – the metal substrate surface is subjected to a polishing treatment, in particular an electropolishing treatment, - and the metal substrate is subjected to a post-annealing after the surface polishing treatment before a subsequent coating is performed involving epitaxial deposition of a layer of the HTS coating arrangement. This results in smooth metal substrates with high textural overcoats and thereby improved HTS layers.
The invention relates to a high-temperature superconductive layer arrangement, comprising a carrier material and a texturized buffer layer made of oxidic material. According to the invention, the buffer layer comprises at least one further constituent forming a homogeneous mixed crystal phase, said constituent being a transition metal from the first subgroup and/or forming at least a partial melt with the oxidic buffer material at an annealing temperature of ≤ 1,600 degrees Celsius. The further constituent may in particular be copper and/or silver.
The invention relates to a method for the wet chemical production of an HTSL on a carrier, wherein an HTSL precursor solution comprising no trifluoroacetate may be utilized if the same is heated to a temperature Ts during the heat treatment of the HTSL precursor, wherein the remaining substances of the HTSL precursor solution form at least a partial melt, which is below the temperature at which RE2BaCuOx is formed, and which is deposited from the liquid phase while forming a peritectic.
C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
7.
METHOD FOR INDUCTIVE HEATING OF A METALLIC WORKPIECE
A method for inductive heating of a metallic workpiece to a SET temperature by rotation of the workpiece relative to a constant magnetic field which passes through the workpiece, distinguished in that the workpiece is clamped in between two clamping jaws which can be rotated about a common axis, in that at least one of the clamping jaws is driven to rotate, in that at least one of the clamping jaws can be moved actively on or parallel to the rotation axis, in that the contact-pressure force is controlled by means of at least one of the clamping jaws, and in that at least one mechanical variable, which is representative of the workpiece temperature, is measured as the ACT value and is compared with a SET value, which is representative of the SET temperature, of this mechanical variable.
In order to pivot a first magnetic unit (20) about a metallic workpiece (2) using a supra-conducting spool such that the same is inductively heated, an exterior magnetic field can be generated, driving the first magnetic unit (20) by means of a second magnetic unit (30).
When a billet of an electrically conductive material is inductively heated by rotation of the billet (10) relative to a magnetic field, which is produced by means of at least one superconducting winding (60), through which direct-current flows, on an iron core (55.2, 55.3, 55.4), the back-induction voltage can be reduced by producing and maintaining a direct current in the winding (60), with a direct-current value which produces a magnetic flux density in the iron core, at least in the area of the winding, for which flux density the relative permeability of the material of the iron core is less than when no current is flowing through the winding.
An induction heater for heating metallic billets 10 having a yoke with an E-shaped cross section, on whose centre limb 143 a superconducting coil 121 is seated, in each case has a shaft between the centre limb 143 and the two outer limbs 142 l, 142 r. A billet 10 can in each case be heated by rotation in the two shafts 142 l, 142 r.
The invention relates to a heat pipe or a cooling pipe used in cryotechnology, comprising a cladding tube (1) and a chamber (4) which is hermetically enclosed by means of a condensation element (3) on one end of the tube and an evaporation element (2) on the other end of the tube, and filled with a heat transfer medium suitable for cryogenics. The aim of the invention is to be able to cool supraconductive elements or components to the required transition temperature over a short period of cooling time, with high operating safety and in a highly economical manner. To this end, at least one cooling module (20) is built into the chamber (4) between the condensation element (3) and the evaporation element (2). Said cooling module comprises a tubular lateral surface (21) which is partially applied to the inner surface (1') of the cladding tube (1), and is provided with a guiding device (22), at least on the side of the condensation element, for deviating condensed and/or liquid heat transfer media towards the lateral surface (21). The invention also relates to a cooling device comprising a plurality of cooling tubes.
F28D 15/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes
The invention relates to a metal foil having (in weight %) Ni 74 - 90%, W 10 - 26%, and Al and/or Mg and/or B contents of Al > 0 - max. 0.02%, Mg > 0 - max. 0.025%, B > 0 - max. 0.005%.
The invention relates to a linear machine having a primary part (20), which forms a holder (11) about an axis A and comprises a plurality of annular primary coils (21) for generating a magnetic field in the holder (11), wherein the primary coils are disposed concentrically to the axis A, can be supplied with alternating current and spaced by intermediate elements (22), and having a secondary part (30), which can be moved relative to the primary part (20) through the magnetic field in the holder (11) along the axis A and is provided with secondary coils (31) comprising superconductor windings. In order to create a linear motor that enables high power densities, the intermediate elements (22) are made of non-magnetizable material, and the primary coils (21) and secondary coils (31) are arranged with air gap windings, wherein the secondary coils (31) are made of a high-temperature superconductor and direct current can be or is applied to them. With the linear motors, power densities of more than 18 N/cm2 are achieved in the holder (11).
The invention relates to a linear generator (10) for power generation in a wave-driven power station (50), comprising a primary part (20), with several annular primary coils, preferably concentric to an axis separated by spacers and a secondary part (30), with secondary coils which may be energised with direct current, arranged axially adjacent to each other with alternating polarity with HTS superconducting windings. The invention further relates to a wave-driven power station with such a linear generator. According to the invention, the arrangement of the primary coils (21) in the primary part (20) is as air gap windings with spacers made of non-magnetisable material. The primary part or the secondary part are remotely operated by means of a buoy (70) moving parallel to axis A and the current induced in the primary coils by the relative movement between the primary part and the secondary part can be tapped for power generation.
The invention relates to a torque transmission means (10) for the rotationally fixed connection of a shaft and a rotor of a rotation machine which comprises superconductive windings and which can be cooled to induce the superconductive state of said windings, with a torque-loadable hollow body (12) having a rotational axis D, which ends on the shaft side in a shaft connection (16) and on the rotor side in a rotor connection (18). In order to create a torque transmission means which is simple to construct and easily installed, and which in operation facilitates a reliable transmission of the torque even at large temperature differences, the hollow body (12) has a compensation region (20) which is located between the shaft connection (16) and the rotor connection (18) and which is extendable in the axial direction, for the compensation of axial length changes induced by temperature differences.
H02K 55/00 - Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
H02K 7/00 - Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
16.
METHOD FOR APPLYING A METALLIC COVERING LAYER TO A HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR
In order to apply a metal layer to a superconducting layer of a strip-type high-temperature superconductor (HTSL), an organometallic or an inorganic metal salt solution is first of all applied to the superconducting layer. The metal or metals contained in the solution is/are then deposited on the HTSL layer by heating the solution when an organometallic salt solution is used or by applying a reducing solution and then heating the solutions which have been applied when an inorganic metal salt solution is used.
A method for inductive heating of an electrically conductive workpiece by rotating the workpiece in the magnetic field of a coil arrangement, which is formed from superconducting turns and through which direct-current flows, about a rotation axis which includes an angle with the major axis of the magnetic field, makes it possible to maintain a temperature, which differs along the workpiece, when the flux density of the magnetic field passing through the workpiece is set differently along the rotation axis.
The invention relates to a linear motor 1 and, in particular, to a primary part 10 of the linear motor 1 for movement of a secondary part 2, having a plurality of coils 11A, 11B for production of a magnetic field which produces a force between the primary part 10 and the secondary part 2 along an axis 4, and having teeth 12 which are arranged between adjacent coils 11A, 11B, are composed of magnetic material and have a base section 16 facing away from the axis and an end section 15 facing the axis 4, with the teeth 12 on the end section 15 being broader than those on the base section 16. In order to create a primary part 10 and a linear motor 1 which also allow high force densities with a compact shape, the coils 11B extend between the end sections 15 of adjacent teeth 12 in order to increase the magnetic flux density in the space between them.
The invention relates to a primary part (10) of a linear motor having a receptacle (2) for a secondary part (3), which can move along an axis (4) in the receptacle (2), having a plurality of annular coils (13), which are arranged coaxially with respect to the receptacle (2), and having a yoke (11), wherein teeth (12, 12A) consisting of a soft-magnetic material are arranged or formed between the end sides (16) of adjacent coils (13). In order to provide a primary part (10) or a linear motor (1) which have a high power density given a compact design and make effective cooling possible with coolant, cooling gaps (14) are formed between the end sides (16) of the coils (13) and the teeth (12, 12A), in which cooling gaps spacers (15) are arranged.
H02K 55/00 - Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
H02K 41/00 - Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
H02K 3/24 - Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors
H02K 9/20 - Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil wherein the cooling medium vaporises within the machine casing
The invention relates to a coil for producing a magnetic field having at least one winding (12), which is manufactured from a superconductor, is cast into a plastic and whose winding end (19) which is arranged at the circumference (13) of the winding (12) is used for making contact with an electrical conductor (15). In order to provide coils with windings (12) consisting of superconductors which make robust contact-making possible given simple production, an electrically conductive connection piece (30) with a base region (31), which is connected areally to the winding end (19), and a top region (32) for connecting the conductor (15) is provided for contact-making purposes, the base region (31) of said connection piece (30) being covered partially in the radial direction by a reinforcing insert (14), which is cast into the plastic (20) and at least partially surrounds the winding (12).
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