The invention relates to a method for producing pure metal, metal mixtures and/or metal alloys, in particular for producing nanoparticles of pure metal, from a medium containing metal. Metal is produced and nanoparticles of said metal are also produced in said type of method either chemically or by means of biosorption. According to the invention, the medium containing the metal is brought into contact with a cellulose fibre in order to improve said method and to provide a simple, reproducible and economical method for producing pure metal, metal mixtures and/or metal alloys, especially in the form of nanoparticles. Preferably, cellulose fibres from the lyocell group are used, whereby the pre-treatment or doting thereof with, for example, marine algae, have a positive effect on the production of metal and producing metal-nanoparticles. The invention also relates to the fibres and to a fibre composite material which are doted with metal, and which comprises said type of cellulose fibre.
C22B 3/24 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins
C22B 3/42 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 9/24 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
The invention relates to a deflection unit (12) which can be integrated into a spinning system, in particular, a spinning system for the extrusion of spinning fibres (7) from a spinning solution containing water, cellulose and tertiary amino oxide. The deflection device (12) comprises a deflection surface (14), which can deflect the spinning fibres (7) from the direction of extrusion (15) into the direction of traction (16) when in operation. In order to arrange a plurality of spinning heads (2) adjacent to each other in a compact manner, and without reducing the spinning quality of the spun fibres (7), the deflecting device (12) comprises at least one opening (17), which can guide a fluid, for example, gas, from an air gap (8) below the spinning head (2) or precipitating bath liquid (9), when in operation.
The invention relates to a device (1) for the extrusion of spinning filaments (9) from a spinning solution which contains water, cellulose and tertiary amino oxide, which is the case in said lyocell-method. Said device comprises a first spinning nozzle (6) which comprises a plurality of extrusion openings (8). A first spinning filament chamber (11) which is traversed by the spinning filaments (9) when in operation, connects itself directly to the first spinning nozzle in the opening direction of the extrusion opening. Also, at least one device (21), which is used to produce a forced flow of gas through the spinning filament chamber, is provided. According to the invention, a second spinning nozzle (7) comprising a second spinning filament chamber (12), which is arranged at a distance from the first, is provided adjacent to the first spinning nozzle in order to increase the packing density of the spinning nozzle. Also, the blowing device (21), which is used to produce a forced flow of gas also through the second spinning filament chamber (2), is arranged at least sectionally between the first and the second spinning filament chamber.
The invention relates to a method and a device for the secondary treatment of cellulose fibers, especially for reducing the fibrillation properties of lyocell fibers. According to generic methods, a cross-linking agent having at least two functional groups that chemically react with the cellulose, for example carbonyl groups, is brought into contact with the cellulose fibers. In order to further reduce, in the cellulose fiber, the content of free cross-linking agent which has not chemically reacted with the cellulose in the first secondary treatment phase without negatively influencing the reduced fibrillation tendency of the fiber, the free cross-linking agent is chemically reacted with a bisulfite compound.
D06M 11/51 - Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
D06M 11/52 - Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with selenium, tellurium, polonium or their compoundsTreating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur, dithionites or compounds containing sulfur and halogens, with or without oxygenTreating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof by sulfohalogenation with chlorosulfonic acidTreating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof by sulfohalogenation with a mixture of sulfur dioxide and free halogens
5.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CUTTING SPUN THREADS CONTAINING NMMO AND FOR STACKS OF CELLULOSE FIBRES
The invention relates to the production of stacks of fibres which consist of spun threads (2) which are produced according to the Lyocell method from a spinning solution containing water, cellulose and tertiary aminoxide. According to the invention, the tertiary aminoxide is not washed from the spun threads (2) prior to cutting by the cutting means (9). As a result, the loop strength is increased. Said method and device and device is particularly useful in that the loop strength in the stack of lyocell fibres reaches at least 15 cN/tex, partially also at least 20 cN/tex.
The invention relates to a preparation device (PV) for fibres, which comprises a housing body (G) which comprises a circular recess (A). The fibres of a group of fibres can be introduced into the inventive preparation device (PV) in the direction of displacement (F) of the fibres in such a manner that when the fibres pass through the recess (A), they lie on the inner side of the housing body (G) whereon a preparation agent is applied along the entire periphery, such that the fibres of the group of fibres are absorbed with the preparation agent when passing through the recess (A). According to the invention, the preparation device (PV) is provided with at least two peripheral lips (LPl; LP2) on the inner side of the housing body (G) and at least one peripheral annular gap (Su; So). The at least one annular gap (Su; So) is arranged between two adjacent lips and can be adjusted in a stepped manner by means of pairs of screws (SPI; SP2) which are used as adjusting and connecting means.
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