Recombinant yeast cells contain a reductive TCA pathway from phosphoenolpyruvate or pyruvate to succinate. At least one metabolic step in the pathway includes a reaction of NADPH to produce NADP+. The yeast cell contains at least one exogenous NADPH-dependent gene in the pathway from phosphoenolpyruvate or pyruvate to succinate, preferably an NADPH-dependent malate dehydrogensase or fumarate reducase gene (or both).
Yeast cells having a reductive TCA pathway from pyruvate or phosphoenolpyruvate to succinate, and which include at least one exogenous gene overexpressing an enzyme in that pathway, further contain an exogenous transhydrogenase gene.
Processes for removing color bodies from crude succinic acid comprising distillation of crude succinic acid and collecting the distillate in a water-containing receiver. The color bodies substantially remain in the distillation bottoms and the purified succinic acid in the water-containing receiver is substantially free of color bodies. Alternatively, the color bodies can be removed using sublimation.
Process for the preparation of carboxylic acids like succinic acid (SA) from their correponding biologically-produced ammonium salts (like DAS) and / or amides and / or imides. The process involves reacting the biologically-produced derivatives at high temperature, removing ammonia and water, crystallizing the carboxylic acid obtained and recycling the mother liquor to the reaction system.
Processes that, make nitrogen-containing compounds include converting succinic acid (SA) or monoammonium succinate (MAS) derived from a diammoniurn succinate (DAS)- or MAS-containing fermentation broth to produce such compounds Including diammobmane (DAB), succinic dinitrile (SDN), succinic amino nitrile (SAN), succinamide (DAM), and related polymers.
C07C 51/41 - Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids or their salts into salts with the same carboxylic acid part
C07C 51/43 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
C07C 51/44 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
C07C 29/149 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C07C 209/16 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
Processes for producing caprolactam (CL) and derivatives thereof from adipic acid (AA) obtained from fermentation broths containing diammonium adipate (DAA) or monoammonium adipate (MAA).
Processes for making caprolactam (CL) from monoammonium adipate (MAA) and/or adipic aicd (AA) obtained from a clarified diammonium adipate-containing (DAA- containing) fermentation broth or MAA-containing fermentation broth and converting the MAA or AA to the CL with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst at selected temperatures and pressures.
C07C 209/46 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines
C07C 231/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
C07C 253/22 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reaction of ammonia with carboxylic acids with replacement of carboxyl groups by cyano groups
C12P 7/46 - Dicarboxylic acids having four or less carbon atoms, e.g. fumaric acid, maleic acid
9.
PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGENATED PRODUCTS AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF
Processes for making hydrogenated products including caprolactame (CL) caprolactone (CLO) or 1,6-hexanediol (HDO) and derivative thereof from monoammonium adipate (MAA) and/or adipic acid (AA) obtained from a clarified diammonium adipate-containing (DAA-containing) fermentation broth or monoammonium adipate-containing (MAA-containing) fermentation broth.
C07D 313/04 - Seven-membered rings not condensed with other rings
C07C 29/149 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C07C 51/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides from salts of carboxylic acids
C07C 51/41 - Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids or their salts into salts with the same carboxylic acid part
C07C 51/46 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation by azeotropic distillation
C07C 209/46 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines
C07C 209/48 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of nitriles
C07C 209/50 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of carboxylic acid amides
C07C 231/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
C07C 253/20 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by dehydratation of carboxylic acid amides
C07C 253/22 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reaction of ammonia with carboxylic acids with replacement of carboxyl groups by cyano groups
C07C 253/30 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
C08G 69/26 - Polyamides derived from amino carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
11.
PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGENATED PRODUCTS AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF
A process for making a hydrogenated product comprising caprolactone (CLO) and 1,6-hexanediol (HDO) and derivatives thereof from adipic acid (AA) obtained from fermentation broths containing diammonium adipate (DAA) or monoammonium adipate (MAA).
C07D 313/04 - Seven-membered rings not condensed with other rings
C07C 29/149 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
Processes for making pyrrolidones include providing a clarified diammonium succinate (DAS)-containing and/or monoammonium succinate (MAS)-containing fermentation broth; distilling the broth under super atmospheric pressure at a temperature of greater than 100°C to about 300°C to form an overhead that includes water and ammonia, and a liquid bottoms that includes SA, and at least about 20 wt% water; cooling and/or evaporating the bottoms to attain a temperature and composition sufficient to cause the bottoms to separate into a liquid portion and a solid portion that is substantially pure SA; separating the solid portion from the liquid portion; and converting the solid SA portion to pyrrolidones.
C07D 207/27 - 2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
C07D 207/267 - 2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
13.
PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING DIAMINOBUTANE (DAB), SUCCINIC DINITRILE (SDN) AND SUCCINAMIDE (DAM)
Processes that make nitrogen-containing compounds include converting succinic acid (SA) or monoammonium succinate (MAS) derived from a diammonium succinate (DAS)- or MAS-containing fermentation broth to produce such compounds including diaminobutane (DAB), succinic dinitrile (SDN), succinic amino nitrile (SAN),succinamide (DAM), and related polymers.
C07C 209/46 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines
C07C 209/48 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of nitriles
C07C 231/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
C07C 253/20 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by dehydratation of carboxylic acid amides
C07C 253/22 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reaction of ammonia with carboxylic acids with replacement of carboxyl groups by cyano groups
C07C 253/30 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
C08G 69/26 - Polyamides derived from amino carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
C07C 51/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides from salts of carboxylic acids
C07C 51/44 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
Processes for making pyrrolidones include making MAS and/or SA from a clarified DAS- and/or MAS-containing fermentation broth and converting the MAS or SA to the pyrrolidones, typically with catalysts at selected temperatures and pressures.
C07D 207/27 - 2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
C07D 207/267 - 2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
15.
PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING DIAMINOBUTANE (DAB), SUCCINIC DINITRILE (SDN) AND SUCCINAMIDE (DAM)
Processes include providing a clarified diammonium succinate (DAS)- or monoammonium succinate (MAS)- containing fermentation broth; distilling the broth of an overhead that includes water and ammonia, and a liquid bottoms that includes SA, and at least about 20 wt% water; cooling the bottoms to a temperature sufficient to cause the bottoms to separate into a liquid portion in contact with a solid portion that is substantially pure SA; separating the solid portion from the liquid portion; and converting the solid portion to produce nitrogen containing compounds such as diamino butane (DAB), succinic dinitrile (SDN), succinic amino nitrile (SAN) or succinamide (DAM) and downstream products.
C07C 209/46 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines
C07C 209/48 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of nitriles
C07C 231/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
C07C 253/20 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by dehydratation of carboxylic acid amides
C07C 253/22 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reaction of ammonia with carboxylic acids with replacement of carboxyl groups by cyano groups
C07C 253/30 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
C08G 69/26 - Polyamides derived from amino carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
C07C 51/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides from salts of carboxylic acids
C07C 51/44 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
C07C 233/05 - Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
C07C 255/04 - Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic and saturated carbon skeleton containing two cyano groups bound to the carbon skeleton
C07C 255/24 - Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing cyano groups and singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being further bound to other hetero atoms, bound to the same saturated acyclic carbon skeleton
16.
PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING NH4+ -OOC-R-COOH COMPOUNDS FROM FERMENTATION BROTHS CONTAINING NH4+ -OOC-R-COO-NH4+COMPOUNDS AND/OR HOOC-R-COOH COMPOUND ACIDS, AND CONVERSION OF NH4+ -OOC-R-COOH COMPOUNDS TO HOOC-R-COOH COMPOUND ACIDS
A process for making a NH4+ OOC-R-COOH compound from a clarified NH4+ OOC- R-COO' NH4+ compound-containing fermentation broth includes (a) distilling the broth to form an overhead that includes water and ammonia, and a liquid bottoms that includes a NH4+ OOC~R~COOH compound, at least some of a NH4+ QOC-R-COO" NH4+ compound, and at least about 20 wt% water; (b) cooling the bottoms to a temperature sufficient to cause the bottoms to separate into a NH4+ OOC-R~C00' NH4+ compound-containing liquid portion in contact with a NH4+ OOC-R-COOH compoond-containing solid portion that is substantially free of the NH4+ OOC-R-COO" NH4+compound; (c) separating the solid portion from the liquid portion; and (d) recovering the solid portion.
PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING MONOAMMONIUM ADIPATE FROM FERMENTATION BROTHS CONTAINING DIAMMONIUM ADIPATE, MONOAMMONIUM ADIPATE AND/OR ADIPIC ACID, AND CONVERSION OF MONOAMMONIUM ADIPATE TO ADIPIC ACID
A process for making MAA from a clarified DAA-containmg fefme.ntation broth includes (a) distilling: the broth to form an overhead thai includes water and ammonia, and a liquid bottoms, that includes MAA, at least some DAA, and at least about 20 wt% water; (fa) cooling "the bottoms to a temperature sufficient to cause the bottoms to separate into a DAA-containing liquid portion in contact with a MAA-contaraing solid portion that is substantially free of DAA; (c) separating the solid portion from the liquid portion: and (d) recovering the solid portion.
C07C 51/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides from salts of carboxylic acids
C07C 51/44 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
C07C 51/46 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation by azeotropic distillation
PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING MONOAMMONIUM SUCCINATE FROM FERMENTATION BROTHS CONTAINING DIAMMONIUM SUCCINATE, MONOAMMONIUM SUCCINATE AND/OR SUCCINIC ACID, AND CONVERSION OF MONOAMMONIUM SUCCINATE TO SUCCINIC ACID
Processes for making monoammonium succinate (MAS) and/or succinic acid (SA) from either a clarified diammonium succinate (DAS)-containing fermentation broth or a clarified MAS-containing fermentation broth include (a) distilling the broth to form an overhead that includes water and optionally ammonia and a liquid bottoms that includes MAS or SA; (b) cooling and/or evaporating the bottoms and optionally adding an antisolvent to the bottoms to attain a temperature and composition sufficient to cause the bottoms to produce a solid portion that contains MAS or SA in contact with a liquid portion; (c) separating the solid portion from the liquid portion; and (d) recovering the solid portion.
C07C 51/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides from salts of carboxylic acids
C07C 51/41 - Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids or their salts into salts with the same carboxylic acid part
C07C 51/44 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
C07C 51/46 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation by azeotropic distillation
Methods for preventing or reducing the formation of scale in a wet-process phosphoric acid production process by intermixing a water-soluble functional organic reagent with a phosphoric acid at one or more step of the phosphoric acid production process in an amount sufficient to prevent or reduce at least one species of scale are provided.
A composition for deicing or for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid is provided. The composition comprises a mixture of at least two carboxylic acid salts having a t/c ratio of 2 or lower, including a dicarboxylic salt and a monocarboxylic salt, said dicarboxylic salt being present in the mixture in an amount of at least 50 wt % of the weight of the mixture, on a dry basis. More particularly, said mixture is including a succinate and a formate, wherein the succinate is in an amount of at least 50 wt%, on a dry basis. Also provided is a method for deicing a surface or preventing the accumulation of ice, snow or a mixture thereof on a surface, comprising a step of applying on a surface covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, or susceptible of being covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, the above composition. The composition is also useful for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid coolant to be used in a heat transfer system comprising a heat transfer fluid provided with a cooling system.
C09K 3/18 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surface to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water theretoThawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
C12P 7/40 - Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group
C12P 7/46 - Dicarboxylic acids having four or less carbon atoms, e.g. fumaric acid, maleic acid
patents