Disclosed herein are compounds and methods of using such compounds for treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders, including mitochondrial disorders, impaired energy processing disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of aging, or for treating or suppressing liver or kidney disorders characterized by one or more inflammation and/or oxidative stress biomarkers, or for modulating one or more energy biomarkers, normalizing one or more energy biomarkers, or enhancing one or more energy biomarkers, wherein the compounds are aryl- and heteroaryl-resorufin derivatives.
C07D 413/14 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
C07D 413/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond
C07D 413/10 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
C07D 265/38 - [b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
A61P 39/06 - Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
A61K 31/536 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and at least one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems
Provided herein are therapeutic and/or prophylactic compounds for mitochondrial or oxidative stress diseases such as cancer, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Machado-Joseph disease, spinocerebellar ataxia, Huntington disease, Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, diseases related to aging, diabetes, alcoholic liver injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), and the like, wherein the compound is represented by formula (1), or reduced forms thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
C07D 413/14 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
C07D 401/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond
C07D 403/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond
C07D 413/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond
C07D 417/04 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond
A61P 25/00 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
A61K 31/519 - PyrimidinesHydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
4.
METHODS OF ANALYZING P-HYDROQUINONE LEVELS AND RATIOS
C07C 69/16 - Acetic acid esters of dihydroxylic compounds
C07C 69/18 - Acetic acid esters of trihydroxylic compounds
C07C 69/28 - Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety esterified with dihydroxylic compounds
C07C 69/30 - Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety esterified with trihydroxylic compounds
The present invention provides, in some embodiments, compounds and compositions that are SQOR substrates, and which are useful in increasing thiosulfate, decreasing hydrogen sulfide, and/or preventing an increase in hydrogen sulfide in a subject, tissue, or cell.
A61K 31/122 - Ketones having the oxygen atom directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K1, anthralin
G01N 33/50 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing
A61P 25/28 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
6.
ALKYL-, ACYL-, UREA-, AND AZA-URACIL SULFIDE:QUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE INHIBITORS
This application discloses compounds and pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using the same for inhibition of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR).
A61K 31/513 - PyrimidinesHydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cytosine
A61K 31/53 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
A61P 39/00 - General protective or antinoxious agents
C07D 239/553 - Two oxygen atoms as doubly bound oxygen atoms or as unsubstituted hydroxy radicals with other hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms with halogen atoms or nitro radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. fluorouracil
7.
METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING OXIDATIVE STRESS DISORDERS USING BIOMARKERS
The invention discloses methods of determining demand on the sulfide oxidation pathway in a human, by measuring a level of H2S, thiosulfate, and/or glutathione persulfide in a biological sample from the human. Further disclosed are methods of using such measurements for diagnosing oxidative stress disorders, and for treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders.
G01N 33/50 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing
A61K 31/122 - Ketones having the oxygen atom directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K1, anthralin
A61P 25/28 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
8.
IMPROVED METHODS FOR ENRICHING ALPHA-TOCOTRIENOL FROM MIXED TOCOL COMPOSITIONS
Provided herein are methods for making an alpha-tocotrienol enriched tocol mixture, such as from a plant or plant-derived material. Also provided herein are simulated moving bed purification methods for tocotrienol compounds such as alpha tocotrienol.
Disclosed herein are compounds and methods of using such compounds for treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders, including mitochondrial disorders, impaired energy processing disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of aging, or for modulating one or more energy biomarkers, normalizing one or more energy biomarkers, or enhancing one or more energy biomarkers, wherein the compounds are tocopherol quinone derivatives. Further disclosed are compounds, compositions, and methods for treatment of, or prophylaxis against, radiation exposure.
C07C 50/28 - Quinones containing groups having oxygen atoms singly bound to carbon atoms with monocyclic quinoid structure
C07D 207/06 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with radicals, containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
A61K 31/40 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
10.
QUINONES FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION EXPOSURE
Disclosed herein are polymorphic and amorphous forms of anhydrate, hydrate, and solvates of (R)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-(2,4,5-trimethyl-3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-dienyl)butanamide and methods of using such compositions for treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders, including mitochondrial disorders, impaired energy processing disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of aging. Further disclosed are methods of making such polymorphic and amorphous forms.
C07C 235/78 - Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and doubly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing rings
A61K 31/122 - Ketones having the oxygen atom directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K1, anthralin
A61P 25/28 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
The invention relates to methods of separating Trolox isomers (R)-Trolox and (S)-Trolox, comprising: (a) contacting a mixture of (R) and (S)-Trolox with a resolving agent selected from the group consisting of (1S,2S)-(+)-Pseudoephedrine, (R)-(+)-2-Amino-3-phenyl-1-propanol, (1R,2R)-(-)-Pseudoephedrine, and (S)-(-)-2-Amino-3-phenyl-1-propanol, wherein the resolving agent forms a solid salt with one of (R)-Trolox and (S)-Trolox, and substantially does not form a solid salt with the other; and (b) separating the solid salt from the Trolox isomer that did not form the solid salt with the resolving agent.
C07D 311/72 - 3, 4-Dihydro derivatives having in position 2 at least one methyl radical and in position 6 one oxygen atom, e.g. tocopherols
C07B 57/00 - Separation of optically-active organic compounds
C07C 235/78 - Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and doubly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing rings
A61K 31/122 - Ketones having the oxygen atom directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K1, anthralin
A61P 25/28 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
patents