Abstract

Provided are a strain of Beijerinckia fluminensis and an application thereof in arsenic oxidation; the strain is AS-56, and has been deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on 05 December 2019, the deposit number being CCTCC NO: M 20191014. The strain AS-56 of Beijerinckia fluminensis can oxidise As(III) to the less toxic As(V) and can completely oxidize 0.15g/L of As(III) solution to As(V), greatly reducing arsenic toxicity, and thus having wide prospects for application in environmental remediation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 1/20 - BacteriaCulture media therefor
• B09C 1/10 - Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically or by using enzymes

Abstract

An on-site heavy metal contaminated soil treatment apparatus, comprising a sampling system, a molding system, a heat processing system and a tail gas processing system disposed in sequence. The sampling system includes a bucket elevator and a planetary stirring device which are connected in sequence and are disposed on a mobile platform of the sampling system. The apparatus is easy to move and assemble, has a small floor area, and can be built on a target contaminated site, reducing transportation costs and the risk of secondary contamination. The entire process performed by the apparatus proceeds automatically, reducing labor costs. The planetary stirring sampling method and automatic brick blank extrusion molding process of the apparatus are applicable to various types of heavy metal contaminated soil providing high processing efficiency and good molding effect. Combined microwave heating and high-temperature steam heating provide rapid heating, small thermal inertia, and easy temperature control.

IPC Classes  ?

• B09C 1/08 - Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
• B09C 1/06 - Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
• B28B 11/14 - Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting
• B28B 15/00 - General arrangement or layout of plant
• B28C 5/16 - Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials the stirrers having motion about a vertical or steeply inclined axis

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for distinguishing a strain participating in an antimony reduction process in soil and the key function gene of the strain. After a substrate of the strain is consumed by means of starved culture, a unique metabolism substrate is added, a unique electron acceptor Sb(V) is provided, so that there is only one leading electron exchange process in a system, a microorganism metabolizes and oxidizes an organic substrate, and at the same time, antimony reduction is driven by means of coupling, and Sb(V) obtains electrons and is reduced to form Sb(III). The Sb(V) reduction phenomenon of an anaerobic culture system, subjected to Sb(V) stress, of rice field soil is observed, and DNA-SIP technology is used for identifying phylogeny information of a microorganism which can drive an Sb(V) reduction process in the culture system. Metabolism information of an antimony reduction function microorganism class group and a key function microorganism in the rice field soil is mined, and the method has significance for learning the antimony reduction process driven by the microorganism and cognizing antimony reduction bacteria and the key function gene.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/6869 - Methods for sequencing
• C12Q 1/04 - Determining presence or kind of microorganismUse of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocidesCompositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
• G16B 30/10 - Sequence alignmentHomology search
• G16B 40/00 - ICT specially adapted for biostatisticsICT specially adapted for bioinformatics-related machine learning or data mining, e.g. knowledge discovery or pattern finding

Abstract

A ferrous modified selenium sol for inhibiting accumulation of cadmium and arsenic in rice and the preparation method and application thereof are disclosed. The method includes: dissolving an iron-containing compound and a selenium-containing compound into water; adding a reductant to the solution, and stirring until no more precipitation is generated, then adding carbonate, continuing to stir until no more precipitation is generated, and then filtering, taking the precipitation, and washing to obtain the precipitation of the selenium element and ferrous carbonate; adding an emulsifier to a citric acid buffer solution to obtain an emulsified citric acid buffer solution; adding the precipitation of the selenium element and ferrous carbonate to the emulsified citric acid buffer solution to obtain a sol system; and evaporating to concentrate the sol system, and adjusting the pH to 4.5-8.5 to obtain a ferrous modified selenium sol for inhibiting the accumulation of cadmium and arsenic in rice.

IPC Classes  ?

• C05D 9/02 - Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
• C01G 49/00 - Compounds of iron
• B01J 13/00 - Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided forMaking microcapsules or microballoons
• C01B 19/02 - Elemental selenium or tellurium

Abstract

A ferrous-modified selenium sol for inhibiting accumulation of cadmium and arsenic in rice, a preparation method therefor, and use thereof. The preparation method for the ferrous-modified selenium sol comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving an iron-containing compound and a selenium-containing compound into water to obtain a mixed solution containing iron and selenium; (2) adding a reducing agent to the mixed solution, stirring until precipitation is no longer produced, adding a carbonate, stirring until precipitation is no longer produced, filtering, taking the precipitate, and washing same, so as to obtain elemental selenium and ferrous carbonate precipitate; (3) adding an emulsifier to a citric acid buffer solution to obtain an emulsified citric acid buffer; (4) adding the elemental selenium and the ferrous carbonate precipitate to the emulsified citrate buffer to obtain a sol system; and (5) evaporating and concentrating the sol system, and adjusting the pH to 4.5-8.5, so as to obtain a ferrous-modified selenium sol for inhibiting the accumulation of cadmium and arsenic in rice . The ferrous-modified selenium sol can effectively reduce the cadmium and arsenic content in rice, thereby achieving safe production of rice.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01N 59/16 - Heavy metalsCompounds thereof
• A01N 59/02 - SulfurSeleniumTelluriumCompounds thereof
• A01N 25/04 - Dispersions or gels
• A01P 21/00 - Plant growth regulators

Abstract

A method for safely producing rice on moderate and mild heavy metal contaminated soil, comprising: applying a passivator before rice transplanting to reduce the activity of heavy metals in soil, and then spraying a foliar blocking agent during the period from the active tillering stage to the boot stage and during the grain filling stage. The passivator comprises bentonite, gypsum powder, lime, biochar, iron-based biochar, sustained-release iron-based biochar, iron-sulfur-silicon composite biochar, a heavy metal cadmium passivator for activating the activity of sulfur-reducing bacteria in rice field soil, a cadmium-arsenic synergetic passivator, etc. The foliar blocking agent is an acidic silica sol, a selenium-silicon composite sol, a cerium-silicon composite sol, a ferrous modified selenium sol, and the like. A nitrate nitrogen fertilizer can also be applied during the seedling stage, and/or a phosphorus-potassium fertilizer can be topdressed during the active tillering stage. The method allows for regulation according to the heavy metals absorption and accumulation rule of rice at different stages of rice growth, the technical measures have strong pertinence and remarkable effects, and standard production of rice fields having mild or moderate heavy metal contamination can be achieved.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01G 22/22 - Rice
• C09K 17/40 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
• A01C 21/00 - Methods of fertilising

Abstract

Site heavy metal contaminated soil treatment equipment, comprising a sampling system, a molding system, a heat processing system and a tail gas processing system which are disposed in sequence; the sampling system includes a bucket elevator and a planetary stirring device which are connected in sequence and are both disposed on a mobile platform of the sampling system; the molding system includes a vacuum extruder (3-1), a first conveyor belt (3-2), a cutter's station (3-3), a first mobile platform (3-4) and a second mobile platform (3-5) which are disposed in sequence; the vacuum extruder (3-1) is located on the first mobile platform (3-4), the first conveyor belt (3-2) and the cutter's station (3-3) are located on the second mobile platform (3-5), and the discharge outlet of the planetary stirring device is connected to the feed inlet of the vacuum extruder (3-1). The heat processing system comprises a drying furnace (4-3), a microwave oven (4-4), a cooling room (4-5) and a kiln car track (4-2) which are all disposed on a mobile platform (4-6) of the heat processing system; the tail gas processing system comprises an oxy-fuel combustion apparatus (5-1) and a spray tower (5-2) which are both disposed on a mobile platform (5-3) of the tail gas processing system. The treatment method using the site heavy metal contaminated soil treatment equipment comprises the following steps: moving, by means of the mobile platform of the sampling system, the first mobile platform (3-4), the second mobile platform (3-5), the mobile platform (4-6) of the heat processing system and the mobile platform (5-3) of the tail gas processing system respectively, the sampling system, the molding system, the heat processing system and the tail gas processing system to the site where a heavy metal contaminated soil treatment is required, then the heavy metal contaminated soil and the coal gangue are added into the sampling system and conveyed to the molding system for compression molding, blanking and setting; the blanks are sent to the heat processing system by the kiln car (4-1) for burning, and the generated exhaust gas is introduced into the tail gas processing system and then discharged when the standard is reached.

IPC Classes  ?

• B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
• B09B 5/00 - Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
• B28C 1/18 - Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition specially adapted for homogenising, comminuting or conditioning clay in non-fluid condition or for separating undesired admixtures therefrom for comminuting
• B28C 1/16 - Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition specially adapted for homogenising, comminuting or conditioning clay in non-fluid condition or for separating undesired admixtures therefrom for homogenising, e.g. by mixing, kneading

Abstract

A method for preparing an iron silicon sulfur multi-element composite biochar soil heavy metal conditioner, including: adding silicate to agricultural wastes and roasting with air isolated to enable silicate to enter structural pores of biochar; enabling iron-containing slats to gather on kaolinite with a given proportion; enabling sulfate to gather on bentonite with a given proportion; mixing the above three materials evenly according to a given proportion; and adding diatomite and starch to the mixture, and pelleting to prepare the iron silicon sulfur multi-element composite biochar soil heavy metal conditioner. The conditioner can be widely applied in soil heavy metal pollution abatement of rice fields, and it is able to synchronously passivate composite pollutants in acid or alkaline soils to reduce the amount of pollutants absorbed by and accumulated in rice, thereby achieving safe utilization of polluted farmland.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 17/12 - Water-soluble silicates, e.g. waterglass
• C09K 17/40 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
• C09K 17/04 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as granules or gases
• C09K 101/00 - Agricultural use

Abstract

A heavy metal cadmium deactivator for activating the activity of sulfur-reducing bacteria in rice field soil, and an application thereof. The deactivator is constituted by electron shuttles alone or electron shuttles and electron donors, but cannot be constituted by electron donors alone. The mass ratio of the electron donors to the electron shuttles is (1:3)-(1:8). Also, a heavy metal cadmium deactivating method for activating the activity of microorganisms in rice field soil, such as sulfur-reducing bacteria. By applying the functional deactivator to rice field soil, the activity of microorganisms, such as sulfur-reducing bacteria, can be activated, thereby accelerating the reduction process of sulfur and iron in soil to facilitate the fixation of cadmium; cadmium adsorption and accumulation in rice is reduced to achieve secure production in fields moderately or lightly polluted by cadmium.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• C09K 17/16 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as platelets or granules
• C05G 3/04 - Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with materials not having a specifically fertilising activity with soil conditioners
• B09C 1/08 - Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
• B09C 1/10 - Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically or by using enzymes
• C09K 101/00 - Agricultural use

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and in particular to a leaf surface barrier for accurately controlling cadmium absorption and transport related gene expression in rice, and an application thereof. The present invention comprises: reducing a raw material, i.e., selenious acid or selenite, by using ascorbic acid to generate a nanogel, and then emulsifying the nanogel for peptization to obtain a leaf surface barrier for accurately controlling cadmium absorption and transport related gene expression in rice; and then mixing the leaf surface barrier with a silica sol to obtain a composite selenium and silica sol leaf surface barrier. The present invention also provides a leaf surface barricading method for accurately controlling cadmium absorption and transport related gene expression in rice. By applying the leaf surface barrier, the silica sol or the composite selenium and silica sol leaf surface barrier having a particular atomization degree and a particular concentration by means of foliar spray during a particular growth period of rice and within a particular time, the cadmium accumulation in rice can be effectively reduced. Applying the present invention to a moderately or lightly polluted field can enable cadmium content in rice to satisfy the food hygiene standards, and therefore is significant for achieving the safe use of the large area of field polluted by heavy metal cadmium in China.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01N 25/04 - Dispersions or gels
• A01N 43/08 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atom with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
• A01N 59/02 - SulfurSeleniumTelluriumCompounds thereof
• A01G 22/22 - Rice
• A01G 7/06 - Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
• C05D 9/00 - Other inorganic fertilisers

Abstract

A method for preparing the iron-based biochar material, the iron-based biochar material prepared there from and a method for controlling the heavy metal pollution in soil using the iron-based biochar material. For the iron-based biochar material of the present invention, by using a method of high-temperature carbonization, a biomass is used as a raw material and an iron-containing compound is add in the process of preparing biochar, wherein iron is incorporated in a specific ratio, to form the iron-based biochar material with a special structure and function. The material has a simple preparation process, low cost and a short production period; the prepared iron-based biochar material has an unique effect on the arsenic-cadmium combined pollution soil remediation, can effectively reduce the bioavailability of arsenic and cadmium in the soil, significantly reduces the arsenic and cadmium contents in the agricultural products planted in the arsenic-cadmium combined pollution soil, and has no toxic and side effects on the crops, is safe to apply and can be applied to the control of arsenic-cadmium combined pollution soil in a large scale.

IPC Classes  ?

• B09C 1/00 - Reclamation of contaminated soil
• B09C 1/08 - Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
• B01F 3/08 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
• C01G 49/14 - Sulfates
• C09K 17/40 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and in particular to a heavy metal cadmium deactivator for activating the activity of sulfur-reducing bacteria in rice field soil, and an application thereof. The heavy metal cadmium deactivator is constituted by electron shuttles alone or electron shuttles and electron donors, but cannot be constituted by electron donors alone. The mass ratio of the electron donors to the electron shuttles is (1:3)-(1:8). The raw materials of the deactivator are widely available, and the deactivator can be easily prepared, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and can be applied in the technical field of heavy metal pollution abatement. The present invention also provides a heavy metal cadmium deactivating method for activating the activity of microorganisms in rice field soil, such as sulfur-reducing bacteria. By applying the functional deactivator to rice field soil by means of the method, the activity of microorganisms, such as sulfur-reducing bacteria, can be activated, thereby accelerating the reduction process of sulfur and iron in soil to facilitate the fixation of cadmium; cadmium adsorption and accumulation in rice is reduced to achieve secure production in fields moderately or lightly polluted by cadmium. Moreover, the method will not retard the farming operations, and can be widely popularized.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 17/16 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as platelets or granules
• C09K 17/14 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
• C05G 3/04 - Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with materials not having a specifically fertilising activity with soil conditioners

Abstract

A method for preparing an iron silicon sulfur multi-element composite biochar soil heavy metal conditioner, comprising: adding silicate to agricultural wastes and roasting with air isolated to enable silicate to enter structural pores of biochar; enabling iron-containing slats to gather on kaolinite with a given proportion; enabling sulfate to gather on bentonite with a given proportion; mixing the three materials evenly according to a given proportion; and adding diatomite and starch to the mixture, and pelleting to prepare the iron silicon sulfur multi-element composite biochar soil heavy metal conditioner. The conditioner can be widely applied in soil heavy metal pollution abatement of rice fields, and it is able to synchronously passivate composite pollutants in acid or alkaline soils, such as cadmium, arsenic, and lead, so as to reduce the amount of pollutants absorbed by and accumulated in the rice, thereby achieving safe utilization of polluted farmland. By using the conditioner, the purpose of synchronous passivation of multi-heavy-metal composite pollutants can be achieved by the passivation effect of various effective components on various heavy metals.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 17/40 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
• C09K 101/00 - Agricultural use

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and in particular to a leaf surface barrier for accurately controlling cadmium absorption and transport related gene expression in rice, and an application thereof. The present invention comprises: reducing a raw material, i.e., selenious acid or selenite, by using ascorbic acid to generate a nanogel, and then emulsifying the nanogel for peptization to obtain a leaf surface barrier for accurately controlling cadmium absorption and transport related gene expression in rice; and then mixing the leaf surface barrier with a silica sol to obtain a composite selenium and silica sol leaf surface barrier. The present invention also provides a leaf surface barricading method for accurately controlling cadmium adsorption and transport related gene expression in rice. By applying the leaf surface barrier, the silica sol or the composite selenium and silica sol leaf surface barrier having a particular atomization degree and a particular concentration by means of foliar spray during a particular growth period of rice and within a particular time, the cadmium accumulation in rice can be effectively reduced. Applying the present invention to a moderately or lightly polluted field can enable cadmium content in rice to satisfy the food hygiene standards, and therefore is significant for achieving the safe use of the large area of field polluted by heavy metal cadmium in China.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01G 7/06 - Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
• A01G 22/22 - Rice
• C05D 11/00 - Mixtures of fertilisers covered by more than one of main groups
• C05D 9/00 - Other inorganic fertilisers

Abstract

Disclosed are a slow-release iron-based biochar soil heavy metal passivator and a preparation and application method thereof. The passivator is prepared using a one-step process by mixing an iron-based biochar, a kaolinite and a biological starch in a specific ratio to obtain a core material; preparing, by reacting an acidic silica sol and a chitosan solution under an alkaline catalyst and an emulsifier, a chitosan-silica sol composite material as a coating material; and coating the core material with the coating material in a controlled mass/volume ratio of the core material to the coating material to obtain the passivator. The raw materials for the passivator are widely available. The preparation process is simple and convenient, allowing for industrial-scale production. The passivator can achieve highly efficient and long-lasting passivation of arsenic and cadmium contaminated soils and inhibits, with a sustained action lasting four consecutive growing seasons, absorption and accumulation of arsenic and cadmium in rice. Compared with a common iron-based biochar passivator, the invention provides higher efficiency and longer-lasting effectiveness, and can be widely used in remediation of a farmland suffering from combined arsenic and cadmium contamination.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 17/40 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
• C05G 3/04 - Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with materials not having a specifically fertilising activity with soil conditioners
• C05G 3/00 - Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specifically fertilising activity
• C09K 101/00 - Agricultural use

Abstract

The present invention discloses a selenium-doped nano-silica sol capable of both inhibiting the absorption and accumulation of heavy metal in rice and producing a selenium-rich rice, and a preparation method thereof. The selenium-doped nano-silica sol of the present invention is prepared mainly by using a nano-silica sol as a carrier, sodium selenite and the like as a raw material, vitamin C and the like as a reducing agent, and polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like as an emulsifier, and doping and dispersing selenium in a specific ratio in a silica sol so as to form a selenium-doped nano-silica sol with a special structure and function. The selenium-doped nano-silica sol prepared according to the invention has high stability and high concentration, and is uniform and transparent, and has a silica content of up to 20% or more, a selenium content of up to 1% or more, and low impurity content. The selenium-doped nano-silica sol of the present invention has a pH close to neutral, wherein selenium, in a nano particle form, is dispersed in colloidal silica, with a particle size of less than 50 nm; and after the foliar application, it can significantly promote the growth of crops, inhibit the absorption and accumulation of arsenic and cadmium in crops, and increase the selenium content in crops, and has no toxic and side effects on crops, and is safe to application.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01N 59/02 - SulfurSeleniumTelluriumCompounds thereof
• C05D 9/02 - Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements

Abstract

2 reticular glass structure of the CRT glass. This can be applied to pretreatment of the lead-containing waste CRT glass, and the metallic lead is extracted from the reticular silicate structure of the lead-containing waste CRT glass by adding the zero-valent iron in the thermal treatment process so that disposal rate of electronic wastes is improved and ecological safety is ensured. This method has important environmental, social and economic significance and broad application prospects.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 13/02 - Obtaining lead by dry processes
• C22B 7/00 - Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof
• C22B 1/24 - BindingBriquetting