Abstract

A reduction in wake effects in large wind farms through wake-aware control can improve farm efficiency. The wake of a wind turbine presents complications for nearby turbines, depending on the atmospheric conditions, turbine characteristics, and turbine siting. The nascent field of wind farm flow control seeks to reduce the deleterious effects of the wake momentum deficit by leveraging the turbine as a flow actuator though the intelligent scheduling of either the blade pitch, rotor speed, or nacelle yaw.

IPC Classes  ?

• F03D 7/04 - Automatic controlRegulation
• F03D 7/02 - Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor

Abstract

A semiconductor device having first and second conductivity regimes is provided. The device comprises a substrate body, a source formed along a first sidewall of the substrate body, and a drain formed along a second sidewall of the substrate body. The device comprises first and second delta layers disposed on the substrate body and separated by a gap. The first delta layer is in contact with the source and the second delta layer is in contact with the drain. The device comprises a cap disposed over the first and second delta layers. The device has the first conductivity regime responsive to a first voltage between the drain and the source and has the second conductivity regime responsive to a second voltage between the drain and the source.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/66 - Types of semiconductor device
• H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
• H01L 29/86 - Types of semiconductor device controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated, or switched

Abstract

Various embodiments include an actuated projectile launcher, including: a base structure; a projectile support, and a holding area from which a projectile launches; propulsion wheels selectively driven to rotate; and support arms, each supporting at a first end thereof a separate one of the propulsion wheels and being supported at an opposed second end thereof by the base structure. The support arms are configured to move the propulsion wheels between an expanded position and a contracted position, in which the propulsion wheels are closer to one another in the contracted position as compared to the expanded position. The movement of the propulsion wheels toward the contracted position brings the propulsion wheels into engagement with the projectile and drives the projectile from the holding area.

IPC Classes  ?

• F41B 4/00 - Friction-wheel operated launchers
• A63B 69/40 - Stationarily-arranged devices for projecting balls
• A01K 11/00 - Marking of animals
• B64U 20/80 - Arrangement of on-board electronics, e.g. avionics systems or wiring
• B64U 101/40 - UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for agriculture or forestry operations
• B64U 101/45 - UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for releasing liquids or powders in-flight, e.g. crop-dusting
• F42B 12/36 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materialsProjectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for producing chemical or physical reactionProjectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling
• H02K 7/02 - Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels

Abstract

A charge-sensing semiconductor device is provided. The device comprises a substrate body, a source formed along a first sidewall of the substrate body, and a drain formed along a second sidewall of the substrate body. A first and a second delta layer are disposed on the substrate body and are separated by a gap. The first delta layer is in contact with the source and the second delta layer is in contact with the drain. A cap is disposed over the first and second delta layers. The first and second delta layers are embedded between the substrate body and the cap. The first and second delta layers are formed by thin layers of phosphorus, and the substrate body and the cap are formed of a semiconductor material.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/76 - Unipolar devices
• H01L 29/08 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
• H01L 29/66 - Types of semiconductor device

Abstract

A compact drill assembly, a drilling system and a method for automatically drilling small diameter holes of arbitrary depth. The compact drill assembly includes a housing having a geometry that allows insertion into the confined space and a rotatable drilling spindle that includes an actuated locking collet assembly arranged and disposed to selectively secure and release a composite bit. A bit conveying arrangement is configured to convey the composite bit along the non-confined dimension and along the confined dimension through the actuated locking collet assembly. A drill drive is arranged and disposed to advance the rotatable drilling spindle along the confined dimension. The method includes conveying a composite bit along the non-confined dimension and along the confined dimension through the compact drill assembly and advancing the composite bit along the confined dimension to drill into a surface along an edge of the confined space.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 7/04 - Directional drilling
• E21B 4/04 - Electric drives
• E21B 47/00 - Survey of boreholes or wells
• E21B 47/005 - Monitoring or checking of cementation quality or level

Abstract

A method for training an artificial neural network including classifiers for material characterization. The method includes obtaining functional data having phase and amplitude, registering functional data by phase-amplitude separation and statistical analysis on the phase-amplitude separated data with an elastic distance to produce aligned functional data, performing dimensional reduction on the aligned functional data to produce a dimensional representation of the functional space, performing, by a computer system, a training operation to train an artificial neural network based on the dimensional representation of the functional space. A method and system for material characterization is also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
• G06T 7/00 - Image analysis
• G06V 10/82 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using neural networks

Abstract

The electrothermal “3 omega” technique is used to monitor thermal signatures on a battery cell during charge cycling. Changes in first and third harmonic voltages are measured during cycling and potential causes are identified. When a shorter-term moving average of the resistance thermography 3ω voltage on one or more of a plurality of frequency bands deviates from a longer-term moving average of the resistance thermography 3ω voltage by more than a predetermined threshold, starting and controlling an alarm process can include replacing the battery cell. This work shows the potential of the 3 omega technique to quickly detect signs of cell failure during operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/44 - Methods for charging or discharging
• G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• G08B 17/06 - Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch

Abstract

R. toruloides genome, for example, by modified lithium acetate transformation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12P 7/52 - Propionic acidButyric acids
• C12N 1/20 - BacteriaCulture media therefor
• C12N 9/22 - Ribonucleases

Abstract

A disclosed switching apparatus, such as a circuit breaker, includes a transistor switch circuit connected between a power input terminal and a load terminal, and, connected to the power input terminal and bypassing the transistor switch circuit, a switchable bypass leg that is optically switched by a series-connected photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS). The transistor switch circuit includes at least one cascade of three or more series-connected transistors, and at least one resistor network configured to divide a voltage from a voltage source across a cascade of series-connected transistors. Operating the switch apparatus includes detecting whether a sensed electric current is in a fault condition, opening the transistor switch circuit upon detecting a fault condition, and then closing the PCSS so that the electric current is diverted onto a switchable bypass path. The opening of the transistor switch circuit comprises turning OFF a normally-ON transistor switch circuit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 5/08 - Shaping pulses by limiting, by thresholding, by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding
• H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
• H02H 9/02 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
• H02M 1/088 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
• H02M 1/34 - Snubber circuits
• H03K 17/10 - Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched voltage
• H03K 17/16 - Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
• H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
• H03K 17/693 - Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors

Abstract

A method for circuit modification for fault mitigation including: obtaining a netlist defining a circuit; inserting at least one saboteur circuit into a first net of the netlist; configuring an FPGA to implement the first net and the at least one saboteur circuit; activating a first of the at least one saboteur circuits; determining whether the first net experiences a fault; and upon determining that the first net experiences a fault, modifying the first net by inserting at least one redundant circuit into the first net.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 11/26 - Functional testing
• G06F 11/18 - Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits, e.g. by quadding or by majority decision circuits
• G06F 30/327 - Logic synthesisBehaviour synthesis, e.g. mapping logic, HDL to netlist, high-level language to RTL or netlist

Abstract

Devices employing Brillouin interactions that can be modified by acoustoelectric (AE) interactions, thereby enabling control over the devices' nonlinear optical susceptibility, are described. Modification of the phonon dissipation rates through application of quasistatic electric fields in the semiconductor can improve the performance of Brillouin photonic devices. These AE Brillouin interactions allow for local control of the phonon phase velocity and thus the Brillouin scattering frequencies, providing an electronic means to compensate for inhomogeneous broadening that occurs over large length scales. Moreover, these AE Brillouin interactions allow Brillouin scattering processes to employ phonon coherence lengths that can achieve parity with and even exceed those of the photons, enabling fully coherent three-wave parametric-like processes. Devices in accordance with various aspects of the present invention have simultaneously demonstrated, using these effects, both large optomechanical confinement and coupling, and AE coupling.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
• G02F 1/025 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction in an optical waveguide structure

Abstract

A sensor discriminator for detecting a gaseous substance includes a power source, a discrimination module, a sensor simulator that simulates a metal organic framework under at least one simulation condition, a simulation circuitry electrically coupling the sensor simulator to the power source and the discrimination module, and a discriminator circuitry that electrically couples the power source and the discrimination module to a gas capture probe. The discrimination module compares a discrimination pulse and a simulation pulse from the power source after the discrimination pulse passes through a metal organic framework of the gas capture sensor and the simulation pulse passes through a simulation component of the sensor simulator. The discrimination module causes a discriminator output that includes the comparison of the discrimination pulse to the simulation pulse. An electrical property of the discrimination pulse depends on an electrical parameter of the metal organic framework that is augmented by the gaseous substance.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material

Abstract

A system and method for designing a physical system using a genetic algorithm includes building a plurality of data structures necessary to build, heal, and verify a plurality of dependency chains; ensuring that multiple dependencies in a respective one of the plurality of dependency chains are represented correctly; removing any dependencies that will be trivially satisfied at random; in response to determining that one or more dependencies is consistent with another dependency, considering one or more combinations of dependencies; and building configurations that satisfy the dependencies and combinations of dependencies by associating the dependencies and combinations of dependencies with selected technology options and recursively specifying and/or revising additional technology options that are consistent with the dependencies or combinations of dependencies, until a configuration is fully specified.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 5/00 - Computing arrangements using knowledge-based models
• G06N 3/126 - Evolutionary algorithms, e.g. genetic algorithms or genetic programming
• G06N 5/01 - Dynamic search techniquesHeuristicsDynamic treesBranch-and-bound

Abstract

A vertical tunneling field-effect transistor and a method for its manufacture are provided. According to methods herein disclosed, oppositely doped source and drain regions are formed, and an APAM delta layer is formed in the surface of the transistor substrate, beneath a metal gate, in electrical contact with, e.g., the source region. A dielectric layer intervenes between the substrate surface and the metal gate. An epitaxial cap layer directly over the APAM layer forms a dielectric layer interface with a dielectric layer, which is located between the epitaxial cap layer and the metal gate. A vertical channel is defined for tunneling between the APAM delta layer and an induced conduction channel adjacent to the dielectric layer interface that is formed in operation, and that is in electrical contact with, e.g., the drain region.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/66 - Types of semiconductor device
• H01L 21/02 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 21/265 - Bombardment with wave or particle radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
• H01L 21/30 - Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups
• H01L 29/08 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
• H01L 29/78 - Field-effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate

Abstract

Systems and methods that measure material deformation by measuring a tracer gas that has been added to or is present in an engineered material that is subsequently released from the material, measured, and correlated to a change in a property of the material upon a stress/strain being applied to the engineered material.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 43/26 - Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
• E21B 47/11 - Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using tracersLocating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using radioactivity
• E21B 49/00 - Testing the nature of borehole wallsFormation testingMethods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
• G01M 5/00 - Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or aircraft wings
• C09K 8/80 - Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
• C09K 11/06 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing organic luminescent materials

Abstract

Chemical wave systems that utilize chemical compounds with nonlinear chemical wave behavior can be used to detect or sense material changes such as a change in a radiation source. Such chemical systems include autocatalysis that produce self-sustaining spatial and/or temporal fluctuations in chemical attributes such as species concentrations, pH, and/or redox state. Through application of the chemical compounds with wave behavior into engineered geologic environments, such as those for containment of a liquid or solid, the chemical wave behavior may be triggered or modified by perturbations, including intrusion into the environment. The chemical wave behavior is an indicator of the said perturbation and monitored by various means tailored to the type of chemical waves. The chemical waves can have a type of “fingerprint” based on their wave behavior that lasts beyond a transient disturbance that could later be discerned by measurement of the chemical wave attributes.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups

Abstract

A method and system for determining the state of one or both of an electrical conductor or an associated system utilizing a non-invasive sensor and a magnetostrictive response from the current of the electrical conductor. The method includes providing a sensor assembly including a magnetostrictive resonator sensor and a signal detector. A state of one or both of the electrical conductor or the associated system is determined with the fault detector in response to a first frequency profile and a second frequency profile obtained with the magnetostrictive resonator sensor. A fault monitoring system utilizing a magnetostrictive resonator sensor is also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 15/14 - Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
• G01R 31/52 - Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
• G01R 31/56 - Testing of electric apparatus

Abstract

Monochromatic photosensitive devices (MPDs) having series connected photosensitive diode cell arrays in two configurations are disclosed. The MPDs employ a protection diode to bypass either one or multiple photosensitive diodes in each photosensitive diode cell should a photosensitive diode fail as an open circuit or become blocked from the monochromatic light. The protection diode is vertically (epitaxial growth direction) integrated with a photosensitive diode layer structure during epitaxial growth, thereby permitting monolithic fabrication of the one or multiple photosensitive diode cells. The bulk of the one or multiple photosensitive diodes are formed of a material having a bandgap corresponding to the wavelength of the monochromatic light, while the protection diodes are formed of a material having a bandgap greater than the wavelength of the monochromatic light. The monochromatic light passes through the protection diode before being absorbed by the one or multiple photosensitive diodes.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 27/14 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy
• H01L 25/065 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group
• H01L 27/142 - Energy conversion devices
• H01L 27/144 - Devices controlled by radiation
• H01L 23/00 - Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices

Abstract

Solving a discrete optimization problem in a neuromorphic device is provided. A number of random noise generators are connected to a number of leaky integrate and fire (LIF) neurons. Weights are assigned to the connections between the random noise generators and the LIF neurons. The weights are chosen to produce a correlation matrix determined by the discrete optimization problem. The LIF neurons integrate random bits generated by the random noise generators according to the assigned weights to produce specified correlated activity variables. The correlated activity variables are fed to an output LIF neuron that operates according to a plasticity rule and outputs an approximate solution to the discrete optimization problem according to the correlated activity variables.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 3/063 - Physical realisation, i.e. hardware implementation of neural networks, neurons or parts of neurons using electronic means

Abstract

Highly stable high-entropy metal-organic frameworks (HEMOFs) are derived from polynuclear metal clusters, incorporating significant levels of all rare-earth metals without segregation. As an example, HEMOFs comprising nonanuclear metal clusters of rare-earth element ions with similar size and coordination chemistry connected by 1,2,4,5-tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) benzene linkers was developed, providing a metal-organic framework with high internal surface area and accessible Lewis acid sites. This new class of HEMOFs enables the development of multifunctional materials with tailored properties for a wide range of applications, including in catalysis. For example, these HEMOFs are highly active for CO2 fixation under mild conditions and short reaction times, outperforming existing heterogeneous catalysts.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 31/16 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes

Abstract

A method of fabricating a transmission target for an X-ray system is provided. The method includes forming a substrate and etching at least one via in the substrate. The method includes depositing a layer of seed metal on the surface of the substrate. The method includes filling the vias with a target metal to form target metal blocks.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01J 35/08 - AnodesAnticathodes
• C23C 14/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
• C23C 14/16 - Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
• C23C 14/18 - Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
• C23C 16/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
• C23C 16/06 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material
• C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber
• G01N 23/046 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]

Abstract

Coupling qubits is provided. The method comprises embedding a tin atom in a silicon substrate and forming a number of quantum dot electrodes over the silicon substrate. The quantum dot electrodes draw an electron from an electron source into the silicon substrate and performing an electron-nuclear controlled-phase gate operation by: moving the electron adiabatically toward the tin atom to achieve a specified level of hyperfine interaction (HFI) between the electron and the nucleus of the tin atom to minimize the effect of noise; holding the electron at the distance of the specified HIFI for a specified duration of time to represent an “on” state; and moving the electron adiabatically away from the tin atom to lower the HFI below the specified level and represent an “off” state

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/66 - Types of semiconductor device
• H01L 29/15 - Structures with periodic or quasi periodic potential variation, e.g. multiple quantum wells, superlattices

Abstract

A test fixture facilitates non-destructive testing of a protective mask. The test fixture includes a mock facial structure, a clamping form that makes a seal around at least part of the facial structure, and can employ the retaining straps of the protective mask to a make a seal around at least part of the facial structure. In use, the protective mask is tested in situ on the facial structure. In some examples, the clamping form has a negative contour of the mock facial structure or of the outer surface of a protective mask that is to be tested. The testing can include repetitive testing of the fit, structural components (e.g., ultrasonic welds and straps), and the degradation of materials as a function of donning/doffing or environmental factors (e.g., temperature and humidity).

IPC Classes  ?

• A62B 27/00 - Methods or devices for testing respiratory or breathing apparatus
• G01N 15/08 - Investigating permeability, pore volume, or surface area of porous materials

Abstract

A method for probabilistic computing is provided. The method comprises specifying a target distribution for a computational model, wherein the target distribution is defined by a function. A number of coin flips are performed with a number of weighted coinflip devices, wherein weights for the coinflip devices are determined by the function. The number of coinflips are then converted to a random number from the target distribution according to outputs of the weighted coinflip devices, wherein a circuit uses the coin flips as inputs to randomly activate bits in a binary representation of the random number.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 7/58 - Random or pseudo-random number generators

Abstract

Various reconfigurable phononic devices, including phase shifters, mirrors, Mach Zehnder interferometers, memories, and transducers for use in both classical and quantum computing systems are disclosed. The individual phononic devices may be combined in various configurations to implement desired, more complex functionality. The phononic devices may be coupled together to implement the desired functionality using phononic waveguides. The phononic devices include one or more phase shifters that are operationally based on either hyperelasticity or a moving boundary effect.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 10/00 - Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
• B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
• G02F 1/11 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves
• H10N 30/20 - Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators
• H10N 60/80 - Constructional details

Abstract

This disclosure relates to floating platforms with multiple columns where mass and cost can be reduced through the use of asymmetric hull configurations, such as through asymmetric column volumes, for example by having asymmetric diameters for circular columns. Studies for a three-column platform reveal mass reductions on the order of 25% and the opportunity for platform designs with shallower draft than is possible with the use of symmetric platform hulls.

IPC Classes  ?

• F03D 13/25 - Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motorsMasts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
• B63B 35/38 - Rigidly-interconnected pontoons
• B63B 35/44 - Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
• F03D 13/10 - Assembly of wind motorsArrangements for erecting wind motors

Abstract

Described herein are technologies related to generation of a summary of a function in binary code for review by an analyst. A first sequence to sequence model is configured to receive binary code (or a derivative thereof) and translate the binary code to an intermediate representation of the binary code, wherein the intermediate representation approximates source code for the binary code. A second sequence to sequence model is configured to receive the intermediate representation of the binary code and translate the intermediate representation to a human-readable summary of the binary code.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 21/55 - Detecting local intrusion or implementing counter-measures
• G06F 21/56 - Computer malware detection or handling, e.g. anti-virus arrangements

Abstract

Sampling an artificial neural network is provided. The method comprises creating a number of sample matrices based on a weight matrix of a trained artificial neural network, wherein each element in the sample matrices is equal to one of a pair of numbers generated by stochastic neuromorphic hardware according to weights from the weight matrix corresponding to the elements in the sample matrices. A number of inferences are performed with the trained neural network, wherein the weight matrix of the trained neural network is replaced with the sample matrices, and wherein each inference is performed with a different one of the sample matrices. A confidence level of the inferences is determined according to deviations between the first choice and other choices made by the trained neural network across the inferences.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 3/063 - Physical realisation, i.e. hardware implementation of neural networks, neurons or parts of neurons using electronic means
• G06N 3/047 - Probabilistic or stochastic networks

Abstract

An ionogel is formed by mixture of precursors, a catalyst, and an ionic liquid to form a sol-gel. The precursors and the catalyst react to form a solid-phase matrix that includes pores, wherein the ionic liquid is disposed within the pores. The gel is dried by way of thermal or vacuum drying to remove liquid byproducts of the precursor-catalyst reaction and to form a solid-state ionogel that comprises the solid-phase matrix with the ionic liquid disposed therein. The ionogel is immersed in a quantity of a liquid electrolyte that is soluble in the ionic liquid. As the liquid electrolyte dissolves into the ionic liquid, the ionic liquid is displaced by the liquid electrolyte, yielding an ionogel having the liquid electrolyte disposed within its pores.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/0565 - Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type

Abstract

A fluid flow control device comprising an insert body having a first portion with a first permeability and second portion with a second permeability that is different from the first permeability. The insert body can be shaped for sealing insertion into a fluid flow structure for fluid flow therethrough. The first portion and the second portion can be arranged in the insert body to cause uniform fluid flow velocity of fluid in the fluid flow structure at an exit of the insert body when the fluid passes through the first portion and the second portion when the insert body is placed inside the fluid flow structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 15/22 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the construction of the column
• B01D 35/157 - Flow control valvesDamping or calibrated passages
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B33Y 70/00 - Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
• B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing

Abstract

A magnetic electrical latch assembly for sensing an electrical contact has a housing for supporting a magnetic electrical contact. The housing has an annular cavity and a cylinder disposed within the cavity. A magnetic electrical contact is attached at one end to the cylinder. The cylinder is movable axially within the cavity. The magnetic electrical contact has an electrical connection to a first conductive wire. The magnetic electrical contact is arranged to couple with an opposing contact pad to create an electrical connection between an external conductor path and the first conductive wire. Also, a magnetic electrical contact sensor system has a hollow enclosure with a detachable access panel. A meandering conductor path cover a portion of the access panel. The conductor path terminates on a contact pad. A magnetic electrical latch assembly has a housing for supporting the magnetic electrical contact within the enclosure.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/68 - Testing of releasable connections, e.g. of terminals mounted on a printed circuit board
• H01F 7/08 - ElectromagnetsActuators including electromagnets with armatures

Abstract

An apparatus for thermal ablation testing is provided. The apparatus comprises: a chamber; an optically transparent window in the chamber; a sample holder inside the chamber; a test sample in the sample holder; a number of bare-wire thermocouples connected to the test sample, wherein the thermocouples generate temperature data in the form of voltage; a mass balance inside the chamber, wherein the mass balance is configured to hold the sample holder and dynamically detect changes in mass of the test sample; an external radiant heat source configured to heat the test sample through the window; and a pyrometer directed at the test sample.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 3/56 - Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion

Abstract

An apparatus for thermal ablation testing is provided. The apparatus comprises a chamber; an optically transparent window in the chamber; a sample holder inside the chamber; a test sample in the sample holder; a number of bare-wire thermocouples connected to the test sample, wherein the thermocouples generate temperature data in the form of voltage; a mass balance inside the chamber, wherein the mass balance is configured to hold the sample holder and dynamically detect changes in mass of the test sample; an external radiant heat source configured to heat the test sample through the window; a plasma source configured to generate a number of atomic species in the chamber; and a pyrometer directed at the test sample.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01J 37/32 - Gas-filled discharge tubes
• G01N 25/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means
• H01J 37/16 - VesselsContainers
• H01J 37/18 - Vacuum locks
• H05B 3/00 - Ohmic-resistance heating

Abstract

A microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) inertial sensing device having a large proof mass with interlocking tabs is disclosed. The interlocking tabs limit motion of the proof mass when subjected to large inertial forces. The interlocking tabs are formed around the periphery of the proof mass and interact with corresponding interlocking tabs formed in a frame to which the proof mass is tethered. The motion of the proof mass is limited by the interlocking tabs, which are formed during MEMS fabrication of the inertial sensing device rather than as part of the packaging process. With a large proof mass, the inertial sensing device can provide high sensitivity in low inertial force environments while the interlocking tabs protect the device when subjected to high inertial forces.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01P 15/03 - Measuring accelerationMeasuring decelerationMeasuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces by using non-electrical means
• B81B 3/00 - Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes

Abstract

A tubular wave energy converter configured to remain afloat near the surface of a wave field and trap a water column oscillating asymmetrically to the wave field in which the converter is located. Water column oscillations create a pressure flux providing motive power for a generator. The converter, generator and a powered payload making up an autonomous wave powered device are packaged to fit within and be deployed by a torpedo launcher. The autonomous device may be deployed above or beneath the surface. Device buoyant characteristics are configured to maintain the device afloat and self-righting toward an upright oriented for operation in the wave field.

IPC Classes  ?

• F03B 13/14 - Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatusPower stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy

Abstract

Various technologies pertaining to forming a very high instantaneous bandwidth (IBW) radar signal based upon several radio frequency (RF) signals that have sub-bands of the frequency band of the radar signal are described herein. A radar system is configured to address local oscillator leakage across multiple transmit channels of the radar system, such that the radar signal has a relatively constant or other desired amplitude and phase across frequencies of the radar signal. In addition, the radar system is configured to compute a correction signal that pre-distorts each of the sub-frequency channels such that upon combining enables the generation of desired amplitude and phase response across a transmitted pulse.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systemsAnalogous systems
• G01S 7/03 - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver

Abstract

A method for modeling light transport through a scattering medium prior to being incident on a detector and a corresponding system is disclosed. The method determines the effects of scattering and absorption caused by particles as a function of the density, size, and refractive index of the particles, as well as the wavelength of the light source. Based on the determined scattering and absorption coefficients, the signal incident on the detector may be calculated. The calculation may also be inverted such that based upon the detected signal, an object may be detected, and its location in the scattering medium may be estimated.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 15/0205 - Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
• G01N 15/06 - Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
• G01N 15/075 - Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by optical means

Abstract

Various reconfigurable phononic devices, including phase shifters, mirrors, Mach Zehnder interferometers, memories, and transducers for use in both classical and quantum computing systems are disclosed. The individual phononic devices may be combined in various configurations to implement desired, more complex functionality. The phononic devices may be coupled together to implement the desired functionality using phononic waveguides. The phononic devices include one or more phase shifters that are operationally based on either hyperelasticity or a moving boundary effect.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 10/00 - Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
• B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
• G02F 1/11 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves
• H10N 30/20 - Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators
• H10N 60/80 - Constructional details

Abstract

The invention describes a method to synthesize a divinyl- and diepoxy-substituted dibenzocyclooctanes, thereby providing a curative that can undergo a twist-boat to chair isomerization at elevated temperatures. The synthetic approach can be applied to a variety of thermosetting resins that can be crosslinked with the curative to form a polymer having a tunable coefficient of thermal expansion.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 41/06 - Preparation of ethers by addition of compounds to unsaturated compounds by addition of organic compounds only

Abstract

Electrocatalytic reduction of waste nitrates (NO3−) enables the synthesis of ammonia (NH3) in a carbon neutral and decentralized manner. The present invention uses atomically dispersed transition metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N—C) catalysts with varying metal centers to uniquely favor mono-nitrogen products (e.g., NH3) via the electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR).

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/27 - Ammonia
• C25B 9/17 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof
• C25B 11/091 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
• C25B 13/00 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements

Abstract

Encoding terrain maps is provided. The method comprises receiving a digital elevation model (DEM) of a terrain and encoding the DEM into grid cells parameterized by spatial scale, orientation, and 2D offset. Grid cells with shared scale and orientation are aggregated into grid modules. Locations from the DEM that correspond to a given elevation produce a contour line of locations that fall within the given elevation. 2D phase codes are calculated for each grid module to produce a phase candidate dictionary, wherein a subset of phase codes comprises phase candidates corresponding to locations from the contour line. When sensor data is received along a trajectory over the terrain, the phase candidate dictionary is queried. Phase candidates are corrected for relative displacement from a reference point and summed to produce a coincidence map over the DEM that identifies a current location estimate over the terrain.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01C 21/00 - NavigationNavigational instruments not provided for in groups

Abstract

An article, for example, an integrated circuit (IC), is manufactured such that the article includes an authentication element that is indicative of an authentication code associated with the article. A block of a blockchain ledger is generated based upon the authentication code. After the article leaves a trusted chain of custody, the article can be authenticated based upon the blockchain. An authentication code can be read from an authentication element included in or on an article under test that is of undetermined authenticity. The authentication code can be evaluated against the blockchain to determine if the authentication code is a genuine code used to generate a block of the blockchain. If the authentication code is genuine, the article under test can be authenticated.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• G06K 7/14 - Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensingMethods or arrangements for sensing record carriers by corpuscular radiation using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light
• G06K 19/06 - Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
• H04L 9/00 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols

Abstract

A method for matching neural network layouts to hardware architectures is provided. The method comprises iteratively: holding neural network parameters constant while changing a hardware architecture parameters, calculating a first loss value for a combination of the neural network parameters and hardware architecture parameters according to a gradient-based differentiable function within specified resource constraints, holding the hardware architecture parameters constant while changing the neural network parameters, calculating a second loss value for a new combination of parameters within the specified resource constraints, and combining the first loss value and the second loss value to calculate a combined loss value. The above iterative steps are stopped when the combined loss value reaches a specified threshold, and an optimal combination of neural network parameters and hardware architecture parameters is determined according to the combined loss value.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 11/34 - Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation
• G06N 3/04 - Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
• G06N 3/10 - Interfaces, programming languages or software development kits, e.g. for simulating neural networks

Abstract

A method and system architecture for designing a compressive sensing matrix for machine learning includes receiving an image associated with a classification task and; generating a sensing matrix. The sensing matrix includes an array of nonzero elements of the image. A prism array of prism elements is in communication with the sensing matrix. A row of values corresponding with an input angle of the prism array is mapped to a respective column corresponding with a detector. Then the detector detects light refracted at an output angle dictated by the physical shape of the prism element. A physical model of the detector is fabricated and generates a compressed representation of the image. A machine learning classification algorithm is applied to the compressed representation of the image and generates an optimized non-invertible final determination of the image.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 10/00 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
• G06V 10/147 - Details of sensors, e.g. sensor lenses
• G06V 10/30 - Noise filtering
• G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
• G06V 10/766 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using regression, e.g. by projecting features on hyperplanes
• G06V 10/82 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using neural networks
• G06V 10/46 - Descriptors for shape, contour or point-related descriptors, e.g. scale invariant feature transform [SIFT] or bags of words [BoW]Salient regional features

Abstract

The present invention provides for a genetically modified fungal host cell capable of producing prespatane and/or epi-isozizaene comprising prespatane synthase (PPS) and/or epi-isozizaene synthase (EIZS).

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/81 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for fungi for yeasts
• C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
• C12N 1/16 - YeastsCulture media therefor
• C12N 9/88 - Lyases (4.)
• C12P 5/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons

Abstract

Provided herein are asymmetric biparatopic neutralizing nanobody-based antibodies which engage SARS-2 spike in at least two independent epitopes. Several biparatopic constructs showed synergy in neutralizing viral infection of cells. Data also showed that single biparatopic constructs are more effective than the combination of the parental monotopic constructs were at neutralization. The nanobodies that were identified in an initial screen of a large and highly diverse library bind to a single epitope that overlaps with the ACE2 binding site.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 16/10 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses
• A61P 31/14 - Antivirals for RNA viruses
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies

Abstract

Provided herein are single domain antibodies (sdAbs) configured for passing the blood brain barrier in a human or mammal brain. Methods of using such sdAbs are also described herein, such as methods of binding to brain cells, binding with and transporting other sdAbs with beneficial functionalities, binding to and transporting biochemical or pharmaceutical species with beneficial functionalities, and treating, diagnosing, or prophylactically treating a disease, malignancy, or condition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 16/28 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
• A61P 31/14 - Antivirals for RNA viruses
• C12N 15/63 - Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectorsVectorsUse of hosts thereforRegulation of expression

Abstract

A low noise amplifier (LNA) offering one or more of the following benefits: increased gain, reduced power consumption, and/or reduced area, while achieving a similar noise figure, is disclosed. The LNA achieves these benefits by employing an inductorless chip design, current reuse among the transistors, bias sharing, limited AC coupling capacitors, common gate input device feedback, and careful sizing of the transistors.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 1/26 - Modifications of amplifiers to reduce influence of noise generated by amplifying elements
• H03F 3/193 - High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only with field-effect devices

Abstract

A large and highly diverse nanobody library was constructed and screened against multiple variants of SARS-COV-2 to find nanobodies with high sensitivity and specificity for the variants. Four rounds of positive selection against a panel of six diverse SARS-COV-2 variant RBDs was performed with our high-diversity. At least 59 of these nanobodies were found to work well against Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Kappa, Lambda and Mu with some overlap efficacy against other variants. These nanobodies have efficacy as stand-alone nanobodies and as a construct comprising nanobodies linked to the human IgG1 constant fragment (Fc) (nanobody-hFc constructions or nb-hFcs) to make enhanced humanized sdAbs with all the attributes of nanobodies with improved half-life and optimized effector functions. Several promising nanobodies that neutralize the original SARS-COV-2 and several of its variants have been identified, including Delta, with high efficacy. In particular, a subset of these nanobodies bind to the Omicron RBD.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 16/10 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses

Abstract

A method for direct write printing of an electrical or optical element based upon a generated master actual position map and a master expected position map is disclosed. The generated master actual position map is generated by efficiently stitching together a number of images using a hierarchical stitching process. Once the desired location of the electrical or optical element is determined by comparing the master actual position map with the master expected position map, a corresponding toolpath for a direct write printer is generated. The direct write printer then direct write prints the electrical or optical element using the generated toolpath. By using different types of inks, the electrical element may be a trace, a resistor, an inductor, a transformer, a capacitor, or some combination thereof. In like manner, the optical element may be a waveguide, a beam-splitter, a phase shifter, an optical attenuator, an interferometer, or some combination thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• B41J 29/38 - Drives, motors, controls, or automatic cut-off devices for the entire printing mechanism
• B29C 64/393 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
• B33Y 50/02 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
• G06T 7/00 - Image analysis
• G06T 7/33 - Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration using feature-based methods
• G06T 7/80 - Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration

Abstract

A magnetic micro-device and process to manufacture the same is disclosed. The magnetic micro-device has a near-zero conductivity magnetic nanocomposite film layer with a plurality of apertures through which a corresponding plurality of electrical conductors (vias) pass. Due to the near-zero conductivity of the magnetic nanocomposite film layer, the vias are self-insulating. The presence of the magnetic nanocomposite film layer results in greater inductance than that possible with an air core (or core-less) magnetic micro-device. Potential magnetic micro-devices include toroid micro-inductors, solenoid micro-inductors, toroid micro-transformers, and solenoid micro-transformers. Additional potential magnetic micro-devices include generators, motors, electromagnetic switches, and voice coils (for speakers or microphones). The process used to manufacture the magnetic micro-device can be scaled to cost-effectively produce large numbers of the magnetic micro-device.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01F 1/24 - Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials thereforSelection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
• H01F 1/00 - Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials thereforSelection of materials for their magnetic properties
• H01F 27/255 - Magnetic cores made from particles
• H01F 41/30 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates for applying nanostructures, e.g. by molecular beam epitaxy [MBE]

Abstract

The present invention relates to systems including an acoustic wave resonator and an active shunt capacitance cancelling oscillator circuit. Such systems can be used in biosensing methods, while avoiding impedance distortion and phase shift anomalies.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03B 5/36 - Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
• C12Q 1/18 - Testing for antimicrobial activity of a material
• G01N 29/036 - Analysing fluids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
• G01N 29/32 - Arrangements for suppressing undesired influences, e.g. temperature or pressure variations
• H03B 5/12 - Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
• H03B 5/32 - Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator
• H03H 9/02 - Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elementsElectromechanical resonators Details
• H03H 9/145 - Driving means, e.g. electrodes, coils for networks using surface acoustic waves
• H03H 9/25 - Constructional features of resonators using surface acoustic waves

Abstract

A pixelated electronic sensor is disclosed for imaging from infra-red to ultraviolet wavelengths, composed of a CMOS integrated circuit plus layers of nano-materials monolithically integrated via low temperature post-processing. Co-design, simulation, and integration methods for the device are described. Each pixel has color-resolved single photon sensitivity without dark counts and without inefficiency. The device operates at temperatures above 70° Kelvin. Current state of the art imagers that can color-resolve single photons are of bolometric or filter type. Bolometric devices must operate at temperature below 1° Kelvin and are limited to few pixels. Devices that use filters are inefficient as all the photons rejected by a filter are wasted. Single photon imagers that operate at non-cryogenic temperature (like Silicon Photomultipliers) have large dark counts typically measured in MHz/cm2. Imaging applications include astronomical telescopes, exoplanet imaging, distant galaxy imaging, microscopic imaging, medical devices, and hyperspectral imaging.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 27/146 - Imager structures
• H01L 31/02 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof - Details
• H01L 31/0352 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

A radiation-hardened (rad-hard) computing system can include a rad-hard processor, a second processor, and a memory operably coupled to the rad-hard processor. The rad-hard processor can cause the second processor to execute compute-intensive tasks that can be performed more quickly or with fewer computing resources by the second processor than the rad-hard processor. The rad-hard processor can selectively cause the second processor to execute a compute-intensive task based upon determining that the second processor is in a normal operating state. The rad-hard processor can further evaluate computing results generate by the second processor to determine whether such computing results meet an applicable acceptability condition. The rad-hard processor can employ a computing result that meets an applicable acceptability condition in further computing operations.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 11/16 - Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
• G06F 15/82 - Architectures of general purpose stored program computers data or demand driven

Abstract

An ionogel is formed by mixture of precursors, a catalyst, and an ionic liquid to form a sol-gel. The precursors and the catalyst react to form a solid-phase matrix that includes pores, wherein the ionic liquid is disposed within the pores. The gel is dried by way of thermal or vacuum drying to remove liquid byproducts of the precursor-catalyst reaction and to form a solid-state ionogel that comprises the solid-phase matrix with the ionic liquid disposed therein. The ionogel is immersed in a quantity of a liquid electrolyte that is soluble in the ionic liquid. As the liquid electrolyte dissolves into the ionic liquid, the ionic liquid is displaced by the liquid electrolyte, yielding an ionogel having the liquid electrolyte disposed within its pores.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/0565 - Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type

Abstract

The casting material may be formed around the casting core using a variety of conventional casting techniques including direct liquid metal infiltration, pressure assisted casting, and centrifugal casting among others.

IPC Classes  ?

• B22C 9/10 - CoresManufacture or installation of cores
• B22C 1/14 - Compositions of refractory mould or core materialsGrain structures thereofChemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for separating the pattern from the mould
• B22C 1/18 - Compositions of refractory mould or core materialsGrain structures thereofChemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agentsMixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
• B22D 29/00 - Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main groupRemoving coresHandling ingots

Abstract

A device for analyzing biological samples comprises first, second, third, and fourth layers. The first layer comprises a sample chamber in which a sample is positioned. The second layer comprises first, second, and third channels. A third, porous layer is positioned between the first layer and the second layer. A fourth layer composed of a substantially liquid-impermeable material is positioned between the second layer and the third layer. The fourth layer includes first and second pass-through channels that are aligned with the first and second channel, respectively. Fluids that flow in the first and second channels pass through the pass-through channels and diffuse into the sample chamber, establishing a chemical concentration gradient therein. A gas in the sample chamber can diffuse through the third and fourth layers and interact with a fluid flowing in the third channel, establishing a gas concentration gradient in the sample chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers

Abstract

A multichannel transistor is provided. In the transistor, a plurality of gate fingers overlie a substrate and extend laterally across the substrate from a gate manifold. The gate manifold has a curved edge, and each of the gate fingers projects radially from the curved manifold edge.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/66 - Types of semiconductor device
• H01L 23/367 - Cooling facilitated by shape of device
• H01L 29/423 - Electrodes characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
• H01L 29/778 - Field-effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT
• H01L 29/20 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds

Abstract

A magneto-optical sensor can be used to measure electrical current with a very narrow pulse width as sensed by the magnetic field in the transmission line region of a pulsed power accelerator. Pulsed power accelerator experimental results agreed remarkably well with the Faraday effect theory, device physical model, and reference electrical current shunt data.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 33/032 - Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday
• G01R 15/24 - Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices

Abstract

The present invention provides for a method for depolymerizing a lignin, said method comprising: (a) providing a metal catalyst, and (b) contacting a lignin to the metal catalyst, such that the metal catalyst depolymerizes at least a portion of the lignin into one or more lignin monomers.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07G 1/00 - Low-molecular-weight derivatives of lignin
• B01J 23/42 - Platinum
• B01J 23/44 - Palladium
• B01J 23/46 - Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
• B01J 23/50 - Silver
• B01J 23/52 - Gold
• B01J 23/72 - Copper
• B01J 23/745 - Iron

Abstract

Various technologies pertaining to forming a very high instantaneous bandwidth (IBW) radar signal based upon several radio frequency (RF) signals that have sub-bands of the frequency band of the radar signal are described herein. A radar system is configured to address local oscillator leakage across multiple transmit channels of the radar system, such that the radar signal has a relatively constant or other desired amplitude and phase across frequencies of the radar signal. In addition, the radar system is configured to compute a correction signal that pre-distorts each of the sub-frequency channels such that upon combining enables the generation of desired amplitude and phase response across a transmitted pulse.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systemsAnalogous systems
• G01S 7/03 - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver

Abstract

A maze-based switch generally having three functional blocks is disclosed. The first functional block handles communications by accepting an entered maze pattern from an external system controller and outputting the entered maze pattern (and optionally its directional complement) to the second functional block. The second functional block stores the maze pattern (and optionally its directional complement) to a permanent storage element and outputs the stored, entered maze pattern and its directional complement to a series of transistors in the third functional block. The third functional block is an electronic maze in which a correct maze pattern and its directional complement must be received by the transistors for the transistors to pass electrical power through the electronic maze to a connected element. The third functional block may alternatively be implemented with optical elements, optoelectronic elements, microelectromechanical elements, or elements formed by other microsystem technologies.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04Q 11/00 - Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
• G01D 5/26 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
• G02B 6/293 - Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means

Abstract

Advanced Distribution Management Systems not generally optimize over the entire feeder because there are few high-fidelity distribution circuit models and real-time distribution-connected sensors are rare. The limited observability at the distribution level makes it difficult to globally optimize distribution operations and issue control setpoints to power systems equipment or Distributed Energy Resources (DER) to perform grid-support services. For example, setpoints can be issued to DER based on results from an optimization module that incorporates a static or time-series feeder simulation. Feeder simulation initial conditions are populated with photovoltaic (PV) and load forecasts, state estimation results, and/or digital twin measurements or state output. The real-time (RT) digital twin runs a model of the feeder to generate state estimation pseudo-measurements since there are limited live feeder measurements.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
• H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks

Abstract

A method and corresponding apparatus are provided for measuring neutron spin precession in an electric field with high sensitivity suitable for practical applications in non-destructive testing, imaging, and the like. Production of a neutron beam with a polarization vector P is followed by transmitting the spin-polarized neutron beam through a sample region in which there is a target generating an electric field, polarization-analyzing the transmitted neutron beam with an analyzing direction orthogonal to P, detecting an intensity of the polarization-analyzed neutron beam; and mapping the detected neutron-beam intensity to a field-strength value for the target electric field.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 23/04 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
• G01N 23/09 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the radiation being neutrons

Abstract

22 alkoxyalkanoate corresponding to formula (I): 5 group divalent alkyl group. The alkoxyalkanoate can be used as a neat fuel or blend with biodiesel, diesel, gasoline, ethanol or other fuels. The alkoxyalkanoates have improved cloud point properties over diesel fuels. A method for making the alkoxyalkanoate from a biomass source is also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
• C07C 67/08 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
• C07C 67/317 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
• C10L 1/19 - Esters

Abstract

Systems and methods for hybrid integration of ultra-low loss waveguide photonic circuits with various efficient on-chip elements are described. The photonic circuits can integrate various elements including (but not limited to): gain, modulation, detection, and nonlinear optical elements. The integrated photonic chips can be manufactured in a flexible, reconfigurable, 3D heterogeneous platform. The integrated photonic chips can cover wavelength ranges from the visible wavelength to infrared wavelength.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 6/122 - Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths

Abstract

A computer-implemented method of machine learning classification for Computer Assisted Design (CAD) is provided. The method comprises receiving a number of CAD volumes comprising a dataset, wherein each CAD volume is characterized by a number of scalar values corresponding to features of the CAD volume, wherein the features rely on geometry queries from a CAD kernel. Each CAD volume is labeled with part names according to a set of categories defined by a user, and a machine learning model is trained with the features of the labeled CAD volumes.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 30/27 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
• G06F 30/10 - Geometric CAD

Abstract

A hybrid inertial navigation system and method are provided. The system includes a conventional inertial measurement unit (with a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope operating at a high data rate and low sensitivity), light pulse atom interferometer accelerometer and gyroscope (operating at a low data rate and high sensitivity), and a processing system. The method of the hybrid inertial navigation system includes precisely determining an acceleration and an angular velocity and allowing light pulse atom interferometry operation under dynamic environments. A processing system of the hybrid inertial navigation system performs feedforward correction operations on the light-pulse atom interferometer accelerometer and gyroscope of the hybrid inertial navigation system. The processing system determines one or more control signals based on the inertial information from the conventional inertial measurement unit, a light pulse atom interferometer model, and the feedforward algorithm.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01C 21/18 - Stabilised platforms, e.g. by gyroscope
• G01C 21/16 - NavigationNavigational instruments not provided for in groups by using measurement of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigatedDead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation

Abstract

Various technologies pertaining to optical measurement of cross-wind are described herein. A beam of light is emitted along a trajectory through a shooting space from a location of a shooter to a target using a laser. The beam is reflected by the target, and the beam is received at two optical detectors. Due to changes in the index of refraction of air along the path of the beam, an envelope signal atmospherically encoded on the beam is received at each of the two apertures at different times. A signal analyzer receives a signal from each of the detectors and outputs data indicative of an average speed of the cross-wind along the trajectory in the shooting space based upon a time delay between the signals.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems

Abstract

A system and method for visual alignment of Reflective Particle Tags (RPT) includes creating a three-dimensional digital model of a reticle; processing a plurality of features based on the digital model; generating an Augmented Reality application; and deploying the Augmented Reality application on a camera platform. The augmented reality alignment system includes processors and memory devices having instructions that, when executed by the processors, cause the processors to perform operations of creating a three-dimensional digital model of a reticle; processing a plurality of features based on the digital model; generating an Augmented Reality application; and deploying the Augmented Reality application on a camera platform. A non-transitory, computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, cause the processors to create a model of a reticle; process features based on the model; generate an Augmented Reality application; and deploy the application on a camera.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 19/00 - Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
• A63F 13/52 - Controlling the output signals based on the game progress involving aspects of the displayed game scene
• G06K 19/06 - Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
• G06K 19/07 - Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards with integrated circuit chips
• G06T 17/00 - 3D modelling for computer graphics
• G06T 19/20 - Editing of 3D images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts
• H04N 23/63 - Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders

Abstract

A method for detecting a change in an environment is disclosed. The method includes forming a test acoustic signal based on time-reversal of a baseline acoustic signal after the baseline acoustic signal has traversed the environment while the environment is in a baseline condition. The method also includes detecting the test acoustic signal after the test acoustic signal has traversed the environment while the environment is in an unknown condition. The method includes determining whether there has been a change in the environment by comparing the baseline acoustic signal with the detected test acoustic signal after the test acoustic signal has traversed the environment while the environment is in the unknown condition.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 3/16 - Sound inputSound output
• H04S 7/00 - Indicating arrangementsControl arrangements, e.g. balance control

Abstract

A multi-metal patterned anode for an X-ray detector is provided. The anode comprises a substrate and at least one group of disjointed circular features formed on the substrate, wherein the circular features are made from different metals. The circular features in different groups have different radii, and the circular features in the same group have the same radii. The groups of circular features are radially arrayed on the substrate. The substrate is made of diamond or beryllium.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01J 35/08 - AnodesAnticathodes
• H01J 35/06 - Cathodes
• H01J 35/14 - Arrangements for concentrating, focusing, or directing the cathode ray

Abstract

Rare earth (RE) superhydrides exhibit high temperature superconductivity but are difficult to characterize and use in applications due to their high formation and stability pressures, which are typically in excess of 100 GPa. Cryomilling of metal precursors improves hydrogen reactivity and hydrogen uptake for forming such metal hydrides at lower pressures. As an example, an elemental lanthanum precursor was milled at liquid nitrogen temperatures for different time intervals. After exposure to gaseous hydrogen at 380° C. and 100 bar, a systematic enhancement of hydrogen absorption with increasing ball milling time was found for forming the LaHx, x=2-3 phase. Exposing the La precursor to pressures up to 60 GPa with an ammonia borane (BNH6) hydrogen source resulted in a hypervalent LaH4 phase. This LaH4 phase is associated with the suppression of a rhombohedral distortion of the Fm3m cubic structure after cryomilling the precursor.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 6/00 - Hydrides of metalsMonoborane or diboraneAddition complexes thereof

Abstract

x with x between 5 and 100 atomic percent provides many of these same benefits but comes at the cost of increased electrical resistivity and etch resistance with increasing Sc content due to Sc oxidation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/20 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
• H01L 21/033 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or comprising inorganic layers
• H01L 21/306 - Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching

Abstract

A micro-structured device that can improve sensitivity and signal-to-noise for electronic sensor materials is embedded in electrically resistive materials. The technology includes a three-dimensional embedded electrode structure and fabrication methods for making the device for electronic sensing in bulk resistive materials. Embedded electrode structures address issues in conventional sensors by allowing independent control of sensitive material thickness, area, electric field intensity, and field direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03H 3/007 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks
• H03H 3/04 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of piezoelectric or electrostrictive resonators or networks for obtaining desired frequency or temperature coefficient

Abstract

Various embodiments described herein provide for a balloon-borne aeroseismometer that can detect infrasonic signals and concurrent vibrations caused by the infrasonic signals. Through a set of motion sensors that can detect acceleration in three planes, the aeroseismometer can determine the direction of vibration and thus determine a travel path of the infrasonic signal relative to the aeroseismometer. The aeroseismometer can also translate the direction of the source from a reference frame of the aeroseismometer to an external reference frame, such as a planetary coordinate system, in order to identify potential locations of a source of the infrasonic signals.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01W 1/08 - Adaptations of balloons, missiles, or aircraft for meteorological purposesRadiosondes
• B64B 1/40 - Balloons
• G01S 19/01 - Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
• G01V 1/01 - Measuring or predicting earthquakes
• G01V 7/16 - Measuring gravitational fields or wavesGravimetric prospecting or detecting specially adapted for use on moving platforms, e.g. ship, aircraft
• H04W 4/021 - Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences

Abstract

A transparent ceramic substrate is covered by a photocatalyst layer, at least partially. The photocatalyst layer includes a semiconductor material that, upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation, forms a plurality of electrons and a plurality of holes that remain confined to the photocatalyst layer. The transparent ceramic substrate has a diameter that is larger than the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation for light trapping.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 35/39 - Photocatalytic properties
• A61L 2/08 - Radiation
• A61L 2/10 - Ultraviolet radiation
• A61L 9/20 - Ultraviolet radiation
• B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafniumOxides or hydroxides thereof
• B01J 35/51 - Spheres
• B01J 35/61 - Surface area
• C02F 1/72 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation

Abstract

Autonomous wireless sensors in subsurface environments can be charged while present in the subsurface environment to allow the sensors to measure and wirelessly transmit measurements. The sensors rely upon a contrast agent to provide a power flow path to the sensors.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
• E21B 43/267 - Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
• E21B 47/06 - Measuring temperature or pressure
• E21B 47/07 - Temperature
• E21B 47/13 - Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. of radio frequency range
• E21B 49/00 - Testing the nature of borehole wallsFormation testingMethods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
• E21B 49/08 - Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
• G01D 21/02 - Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
• H02J 50/00 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
• H02J 50/80 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an isolated or purified antibody, or a fragment thereof, having a binding domain that binds to a coronavirus (e.g., SARS-COV-2) or a portion thereof. In other embodiments, the antibody includes a binding domain that competes with binding to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) or a portion thereof. Methods of using such antibodies are also described herein, such as methods of treating or delaying the progression of a disease associated with a coronavirus.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 16/10 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses
• A61K 39/42 - AntibodiesImmunoglobulinsImmune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum viral
• A61K 47/68 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additivesTargeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
• A61P 31/14 - Antivirals for RNA viruses

Abstract

A photon-number-resolving detector comprises a detection element, an ohmmeter, and a hardware logic component. The detection element can be formed from a Weyl or Dirac semimetal. Electrons of the detection element are characterized by a surface state that exhibits a Dirac cone and a bulk superconducting state that exhibits a bandgap. When photons having energies less than the bandgap of the bulk superconducting state impinges on the detection element, the photons can be absorbed by electrons of the detection element that are characterized by the surface state. The ohmmeter outputs resistance data indicative of an electrical resistance of the detection element while the photons impinge on the detection element. The hardware logic component can determine, based upon the resistance data, a number of the photons that are absorbed by the surface state electrons of the detection element.

IPC Classes  ?

• H10N 60/84 - Switching means for devices switchable between superconducting and normal states
• H10N 60/85 - Superconducting active materials

Abstract

A header for a heat exchanger and method for cleaning a heat exchanger in a loop without disconnecting loop components is provided. The header is in flow communication with the heat exchanger for distributing fluid through a plurality of adjacent channels. The header is connected between a main heat exchanger inlet nozzle and a channel flow distributor. A filter element is disposed within the header between the nozzle and channel flow distributor. Under normal operation, the filter element removes particulates and fouling material from the main flow stream before it enters the heat exchanger channels. During the cleaning process, fluid is injected on or through the filter element to remove particulates and fouling material through at least one outlet port. The header arrangement allows the filter element to be ‘cleaned in place’ without draining the system and disconnecting the heat exchanger or other components from the flow loop.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28F 19/01 - Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters by using means for separating solid materials from heat-exchange fluids, e.g. filters
• B01D 29/01 - Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
• B01D 29/66 - Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
• F28F 9/02 - Header boxesEnd plates
• F28G 9/00 - Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents

Abstract

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a lower airway probiotic composition comprising a physiological solution and a single candidate probiotic (CP) population, wherein the CP is CP4, CP7, CP8, CP9, CP13, CP17, CP18, CP19, CP20, or CP26. In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a lower airway probiotic composition, wherein the lower airway probiotic composition comprises at least two candidate probiotic (CP) populations CP8 and CP19, CP20 and CP17, or CP19 and CP26 Also provided are kits and methods of using these pharmaceutical compositions.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 35/741 - Probiotics
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• C12N 1/20 - BacteriaCulture media therefor

Abstract

A system or method for an imaging system is provided for inspecting a heliostat. The imaging system includes a platform and a camera mounted on the platform and a heliostat having one or more mirrored facets. The camera is positioned to acquire a first image that serves as a reference image and a second image that is a reflected image from at least one facet. The camera stores image data associated with the first image and the second image, and wirelessly transmits the stored image data to a computing apparatus. The computing apparatus compares the first image with the second image and determines a performance parameter associated with the heliostat.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 7/00 - Image analysis
• G01C 11/02 - Picture-taking arrangements specially adapted for photogrammetry or photographic surveying, e.g. controlling overlapping of pictures
• H04N 5/265 - Mixing
• H04N 7/18 - Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast

Abstract

The present invention provides for a method to deconstruct a biomass: the method comprising: (a) introducing a solvent comprising a polyamine, or a mixture of polyamines, to a biomass to dissolve at least part of solid biomass in the solvent, wherein the polyamine is a Brønsted or Lewis base, and/or the polyamine is a hydrogen bond donor and/or acceptor; (b) optionally introducing an enzyme and/or a microbe to the solubilized biomass mixture such that the enzyme and/or microbe produces a sugar from the solubilized biomass mixture; (c) optionally separating the sugar from the solubilized biomass mixture; and (d) optionally separating the lignan from the solubilized biomass mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation

Abstract

A harmonic drive assembly and fluid-powered linear motors with both axial pistons are rotary piston arrangements incorporating the harmonic drive assembly are disclosed. The motors may be used in downhole drilling applications, but the drive assembly and/or motors may be used in other applications. The assembly, motors and methods use advanced harmonic drives, advanced helical drives, and combinations thereof with 1) motors with axial pistons and reciprocating linear rings to convert reciprocative axial motion to continuous rotary motion, and 2) motors with rotary pistons and reciprocating linear rings to rectify reciprocative rotary motion to continual rotary motion to improve performance over prior configurations. Axial pistons provide a robust simple solution for generating rotation; Rotational pistons provide increased torque generation as the torque generated is proportional to motor length. Since downhole drills are long, a high-torque motor can be produced using this method.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 4/02 - Fluid rotary type drives
• E21B 4/00 - Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
• F16H 25/06 - Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying rotary motion with intermediate members guided along tracks on both rotary members
• F16H 25/12 - Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion with reciprocation along the axis of rotation, e.g. gearings with helical grooves and automatic reversal
• F16H 49/00 - Other gearing

Abstract

A battery cell comprising a composite water-responsive safety layer and/or composite water- and pH-responsive safety layer to protect against tissue damage and/or electrolysis, when the battery cell is exposed to aqueous solution or tissue, is provided. The composite water-responsive safety layer and/or composite water- and pH-responsive safety layer is adapted to change from a non-electronically conducting state to an electronically conducting state.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/04 - Construction or manufacture in general
• H01M 50/103 - Primary casingsJackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
• H01M 50/107 - Primary casingsJackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
• H01M 50/109 - Primary casingsJackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure of button or coin shape
• H01M 50/121 - Organic material
• H01M 50/124 - Primary casingsJackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure

Abstract

Specific and broad-spectrum inhibitory peptides to CRISPR Cas9 variants (SpyCas9, SauCas9, and CjeCas9) are disclosed. A method of making and using these peptides with therapeutic CRISPR Cas9 (to improve desired targeting) or against harmful CRISPR Cas9 components (already active in a patient) is also disclosed. The peptides combined with a delivery system is also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 7/08 - Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 12 to 20 amino acids
• A61K 38/46 - Hydrolases (3)
• C07K 14/00 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form

Abstract

Plasma micro nozzle adapters having various configurations and operating principles are disclosed. The plasma micro nozzle adapter is employed with a commercial plasma jet printer to produce smaller printed features than those possible with the original plasma jet printer. In a first class of embodiments, the plasma micro nozzle adapter narrows a plasma jet using electrostatic or magnetostatic lensing, permitting the printing of ceramic, metallic, dielectric, or plastic features with line widths of 10 μm or less. In a second class of embodiments, the plasma micro nozzle adapter narrows the plasma jet using a gas sheath. By adjusting the flow rate or pressure of the gas used to form the gas sheath, the cross-sectional shape of the plasma jet may form, for example, an ellipse, thereby controlling the width of the printed feature. A third class of embodiments employs both electrostatic (or magnetostatic) lensing along with the gas sheath.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 64/209 - HeadsNozzles
• B33Y 30/00 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor
• B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
• B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
• H01J 37/04 - Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement, ion-optical arrangement

Abstract

A passive modification device comprising an elongated body extending along a first axis made of a shape memory alloy with a threshold contraction along the first axis at a threshold temperature. The modification device further comprises a passageway extending along a second axis shaped to surround a conduit line extending along the second axis. The modification device further includes a first modifying structure on a first portion of the passageway and a second modifying structure on a second portion of the passageway opposite the first modifying structure. Contraction of the elongated body can cause the first modifying structure and the second modifying structure to move towards each other; where movement of at least one of the first modifying structure or the second modifying structures can be configured to modify the conduit line. The conduit line may comprise mechanical cables, electrical conductors, optical fibers, or brittle portions that readily shatter.

IPC Classes  ?

• B21D 39/04 - Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by platingTube expanders of tubes with tubesApplication of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by platingTube expanders of tubes with rods

Abstract

A flexure having six degrees of freedom is disclosed. The constraint and compliance of the flexure in all six degrees of freedom may be independently tuned for an application. The flexure may include various combinations of sections including, for example, straight arm and curvilinear sections. The constraint and compliance of the flexure is determined by the geometry, cross-sectional area, cross-sectional shape, and material used to form the various sections. A coupling mechanism and a corresponding method for using the coupling mechanism for automated or autonomous assembly of elements using tuned flexures is disclosed. The automated or autonomous assembly of elements employs a coupling mechanism having a motor driven grip and a coupler, in which the coupler includes a six degrees of freedom flexure. The motor driven grip and coupler may optionally include electrical or optical interconnections and self-aligning features.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16C 11/04 - Pivotal connections
• B25J 15/00 - Gripping heads
• F16B 5/06 - Joining sheets or plates to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips

Abstract

Digital image correlation is provided. The method comprises applying two or more unique X-ray attenuating patterns to a number of test samples and then applying physical deformation to the test samples. The test samples are irradiated concurrently with an X-ray source, and a path-integrated composite X-ray image is recorded that superimposes the unique X-ray attenuating patterns on each other. According to the path-integrated composite X-ray image, the method determines respective deformation of each of the unique X-ray attenuating patterns produced by the physical deformation of the test samples.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 23/04 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
• G01N 23/083 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the radiation being X-rays

Abstract

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a super high frequency (SHF) or extremely high frequency (EHF) bulk acoustic resonator that includes a nanostructure, wherein the nanostructure includes a substrate, a three-dimensional structure disposed on the substrate, wherein the three-dimensional structure includes a planar structure including at least one nanocomponent and a matrix material contacting the nanocomponent on at least one side, the matrix material including an SiGe alloy or Ge. The disclosed bulk acoustic resonator operates at frequencies of from about 100 MHz to about 100 GHz, is capable of self-amplification upon application of direct current or voltage, and has a Q factor amplification exceeding 1. Also disclosed are methods for amplification of mechanical resonance in the disclosed bulk acoustic resonators and devices incorporating the bulk acoustic resonators.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03B 5/32 - Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator
• H03H 9/02 - Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elementsElectromechanical resonators Details
• H03H 9/17 - Constructional features of resonators consisting of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material having a single resonator
• H03H 9/70 - Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common or source

Abstract

A method of applying a dielectric coating on a structure array of a component of an electrical device includes applying a first layer of a first dielectric material on a structure array with an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process or a spin-on cladding process. The structure array has a plurality of features. The method may include applying a second layer of a second dielectric material on the first layer with an evaporation deposition process, a physical vapor deposition process (PVD), or a flux-controlled chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The first layer has a first thickness and the second layer has a second thickness that is greater than the first thickness.

IPC Classes  ?

• C23C 28/04 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
• C23C 16/40 - Oxides
• C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber

Abstract

A guided cold-atom inertial sensor system comprises an atom trap integrated platform, a laser system, a magnetic field system, a control system, and a computing system. The laser system and magnetic field system are adapted to form a magneto-optical trap (MOT) about a suspended waveguide of the atom trap integrated platform made of membrane integrated photonics. After loading cold atoms from a MOT, the photonic atom trap integrated platform generates one-dimensional guided atoms with an evanescent field optical dipole trap (EF-ODT) along the optical waveguide to create guided atomic accelerometers/gyroscopes. Motion of atomic wavepackets in a superposition state is created along the guided atom geometry by way of state-dependent momentum kicks. The light-pulse sequence of guided atom interferometry splits, redirects, and recombines atomic wavepackets, which allows measurement of atom interference fringes sensitive to inertial forces via a probe laser.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01C 19/58 - Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
• G01P 15/08 - Measuring accelerationMeasuring decelerationMeasuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces with conversion into electric or magnetic values
• G01P 15/093 - Measuring accelerationMeasuring decelerationMeasuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces with conversion into electric or magnetic values by photoelectric pick-up

Abstract

A system and a method for the remote monitoring of an irradiated salt mass within a decay enclosure is provided. The system and the method determine a mass ratio of a first radioisotope relative to a second radioisotope, the second radioisotope having a significantly shorter half-life than the first radioisotope. In addition, the second radioisotope includes a shorter half-life than an effective half-life of the decay enclosure, and the first radioisotope includes a longer half-life than the effective half-life of the decay enclosure. The mass ratio quickly decreases outside of a target range after material diversion, while remaining below the target range for several years. As a consequence, the isotopic mass ratio presents a rapid and enduring indicator of inventory change, which is of extreme importance in detecting a diversion of the irradiated salt mass, which remains a potential proliferation target.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/30 - Measuring half-life of a radioactive substance
• G21C 3/54 - Fused salt, oxide, or hydroxide compositions
• G21C 19/44 - Reprocessing of irradiated fuel of irradiated solid fuel

Abstract

A single photon radiation detector is designed for a particular radiation source fluence, such that an incident radiation photon strikes a scintillator monolith, creating scintillation photons, which are amplified by appropriately sized channels of photomultipliers optically coupled to the scintillator monolith. The photomultiplier output is electronically shaped into a corresponding stream of scintillation pulses (otherwise referred to as scintillation photons) that pass through a comparator to produce a bitstream of the detected scintillation photons, which is sampled into a field programmable gate array (FPGA) acting as a giga-sample transceiver to produce time-to-digital conversions, capable of producing an output data stream of 10's-of-giga-samples per second or more. Appropriate design ensures sparsity of scintillation photon arrival, so that each photon in the bitstream corresponds to a single incident scintillation photon.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/20 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
• G01T 1/24 - Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors

Abstract

A maze-based switch generally having three functional blocks is disclosed. The first functional block handles communications by accepting an entered maze pattern from an external system controller and outputting the entered maze pattern (and optionally its directional complement) to the second functional block. The second functional block stores the maze pattern (and optionally its directional complement) to a permanent storage element and outputs the stored, entered maze pattern and its directional complement to a series of transistors in the third functional block. The third functional block is an electronic maze in which a correct maze pattern and its directional complement must be received by the transistors for the transistors to pass electrical power through the electronic maze to a connected element. The third functional block may alternatively be implemented with optical elements, optoelectronic elements, microelectromechanical elements, or elements formed by other microsystem technologies.

IPC Classes  ?

• G07C 9/00 - Individual registration on entry or exit
• H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors

Abstract

3) molten salt catholyte for over 8 months at 110° C. The combination of high voltage, stable cycling behavior, and practical current densities supported by a molten catholyte enables a new generation of transformative high performance, low temperature molten sodium batteries.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
• H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
• H01M 4/38 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
• H01M 10/054 - Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
• H01M 10/0562 - Solid materials
• H01M 10/0563 - Liquid materials, e.g. for Li-SOCl2 cells
• H01M 50/434 - Ceramics

Abstract

Protective barrier includes a soft metal that inhibits or delays thermal or grinding attack tool penetration. The soft metal, which may be disposed between other layers and otherwise delays thermal attack by expanding or “puffing” during attack. The soft metal can inhibit mechanical attack by rapid ablation and wear of a cutting wheel or blade. The protective barrier may additionally include an oxide or carbide layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• E05G 1/02 - Safes or strong-rooms for valuables Details
• B65D 1/40 - Details of walls
• E05G 1/024 - Wall or panel structure

Abstract

The present invention provides for a method to convert water-insoluble lignin into water-soluble polyacid, the method comprising: (a) contacting a chelator/Fe complex with a water-insoluble lignin to produce a reaction mixture, (b) introducing an oxidizing agent to the reaction mixture, (c) incubating the reaction mixture for a suitable period of time, (d) introducing further water-insoluble lignin to the reaction mixture during step (c); (e) introducing further oxidizing agent to the reaction mixture incubating step (c); and (f) optionally repeating step (d) and/or step (e) one or more times; such that at least about 90% of the water-insoluble lignin in the reaction mixture is converted into a water-soluble polyacid by the opening of at least one aromatic ring in each water-insoluble lignin.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07G 1/00 - Low-molecular-weight derivatives of lignin
• C05F 11/00 - Other organic fertilisers