A coated cathode material for lithium-ion batteries is disclosed. Methods and systems are further provided for applying a coating to an active cathode material for use in a lithium-ion battery. In one example, the coated cathode material may include a high-nickel content active cathode material, such as lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide or lithium nickel aluminum cobalt oxide, coated with a coating including one or more high energy density active materials, such as lithium vanadium fluorophosphate and/or a lithium iron manganese phosphate compound. In some examples, the high-nickel content active cathode material may include greater than or equal to 60% nickel content.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
Methods and systems are provided for a blend of cathode active materials. In one example, the blend of cathode active materials provides a high power battery with low direct current resistance while improving lithium ion cell safety performance. Methods and systems are further provided for fabricating the cathode active material blend and a battery including the blend.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
C01B 25/45 - Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
C01G 53/50 - Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
H01M 4/1391 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
H01M 4/1397 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
Various systems and methods are provided for a battery management system. In one example, the battery management system includes a battery data receiving unit communicatively coupled to sensors of a battery pack. Further the battery data receiving unit includes instructions stored on non-transitory memory that when executed cause the battery data receiving unit to collect raw data from the sensors of the battery pack in a first format and transmit the collected raw data to an electronic control unit for downstream processing into a second format.
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H02H 7/18 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteriesEmergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for accumulators
Various systems and methods are provided for a battery management system. In one example, the battery management system includes a battery data receiving unit communicatively coupled to sensors of a battery pack. Further the battery data receiving unit includes instructions stored on non-transitory memory that when executed cause the battery data receiving unit to collect raw data from the sensors of the battery pack in a first format and transmit the collected raw data to an electronic control unit for downstream processing into a second format.
A binder for an electrode is provided herein. In one example, the electrode may include a current collector, and an electrode coating layer, the electrode coating layer including an electrode active material and a binder, where the binder may comprise an aromatic polyamide-based compound, and the binder may be present at greater than 0 wt % and less than or equal to 30 wt % of the electrode coating layer. In one example, the binder provides stronger cohesion between particles of the electrode active material. Methods and systems are further provided for fabricating the electrode including the binder.
Materials and methods for a coated active electrode material for use in a lithium-ion battery is provided. In one example, a coating for an active electrode material or active electrode material precursor of an electrode of a battery cell may include lithium, boron, and oxygen. In particular, the coating may include lithium tetraborate (LBO), and the coating may be coated on a lithium insertion electrode active material such as lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 or NMC).
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
9.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COATING CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL
Methods are provided for coating a cathode active material particle. The method includes preparing a lithium niobate precursor solution, wherein a ratio of lithium to niobium in the lithium niobate precursor solution is determined by a surface composition of the cathode active material particles, mixing the cathode active material particles with the lithium niobate precursor solution, hydrolyzing the mixture and then heating the mixture to obtain cathode active material particles coated with amorphous lithium niobate.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
Methods are provided for coating a cathode active material particle. The method includes preparing a lithium niobate precursor solution, wherein a ratio of lithium to niobium in the lithium niobate precursor solution is determined by a surface composition of the cathode active material particles, mixing the cathode active material particles with the lithium niobate precursor solution, hydrolyzing the mixture and then heating the mixture to obtain cathode active material particles coated with amorphous lithium niobate.
A doped cathode material for lithium-ion batteries is disclosed. Methods and systems are further provided for doping a cathode material for use in a lithium-ion battery. In one example, the doping may be a dry surface doping process. In some examples, dopants may stabilize a crystal structure of the cathode material and may result in fewer side reactions with an electrolyte as compared to an undoped cathode material. As such, cycling performance and capacity retention may be improved relative to the undoped cathode material. Further, in some examples, the doped cathode material produced with the dry surface doping process may have improved cycling performance and capacity retention relative to a comparable doped cathode material produced with a wet surface doping process.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
12.
CATHODE WITH PRE-LITHIATION COATING AND METHODS FOR PREPARATION AND USE
Methods and systems are provided for a cathode material for lithium ion batteries. In one example, the cathode material may include a lithium mixed metal oxide core and a surface coating surrounding the core. Optionally, a passivating layer may continuously surround the surface coating. In some examples, the surface coating or surface layer may include a sacrificial lithium source, a lithium-based active cathode catalyst, or a combination thereof. In other examples, methods are provided for manufacturing the cathode material for use in a lithium ion battery.
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
13.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR A COMPOSITE SOLID-STATE BATTERY CELL WITH AN IONICALLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMER ELECTROLYTE
Systems and methods are provided for a slurry for coating an electrode structure. In one example, a method may include dispersing, by mixing at one or both of a high shear and a low shear, a solid ionically conductive polymer material in at least a first portion of a solvent to form a suspension, then dispersing, by mixing at the one or both of the high shear and the low shear, one or more additives in the suspension, and then mixing, at the one or both of the high shear and the low shear, a second portion of the solvent with the suspension to form a slurry. As such, the slurry including the solid ionically conductive polymer material may be applied as a coating in a solid-state battery cell, which may reduce resistance to Li-ion transport and improve mechanical stability relative to a conventional solid-state battery cell.
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 10/0585 - Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
14.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR SALT-RINSE SURFACE DOPING OF ELECTRODE MATERIALS
Methods and systems are provided for salt-rinse surface doping of electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In one example, a method may include dissolving a dopant salt in a solvent to form a dopant salt rinse solution, rinsing an electrode active material with the dopant salt rinse solution to form a coated electrode active material, and heating the coated electrode active material to form a doped electrode active material. In some examples, a surface region of the doped electrode active material may include a uniform distribution of dopants from the dopant salt rinse solution. In this way, the electrode active material may be rinsed and doped via the dopant salt rinse solution in a single-stage process.
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
15.
Nanoscale pore structure cathode for high power applications and material synthesis methods
A lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode and methods and systems related thereto are disclosed. In one example, a lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode is provided including, a dopant comprising vanadium and optionally a co-dopant comprising cobalt.
C01B 25/45 - Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
H01M 4/136 - Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
Systems and methods are provided for a battery management system (BMS) having a protection circuit. In one example, a vehicle battery system may include the BMS, the BMS including a cutoff circuit electrically coupled to the protection circuit, and a battery pack, a positive supply line of the battery pack being electrically coupled to the cutoff circuit, wherein the protection circuit may include each of an input electrically coupled to a control input of the cutoff circuit, an output electrically coupled to an output of the cutoff circuit, and a control input of the protection circuit electrically coupled to the output of the cutoff circuit. In some examples, the protection circuit may further include a low-current leakage transistor configured to maintain the cutoff circuit in an OFF state upon detection of a reverse bias voltage. In this way, the protection circuit may mitigate unexpected switching ON of the cutoff circuit.
H02H 7/18 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteriesEmergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for accumulators
B60L 50/60 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
B60L 58/10 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
17.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR CATHODE WITH HIGH STRUCTURAL LITHIUM CONTENT
Systems and methods for fabricating an electrode are disclosed. In one example, a fabrication process for the electrode includes increasing an electrochemical performance of a battery by adjusting a distribution of lithium in the electrode between a surface and interstitial sites of the electrode. The fabrication process includes mixing, calcinating, rinsing, and sintering electrode materials and the fabrication process is optimized to increase lithium in the interstitial sites and decrease lithium at the surface of the electrode.
H01M 4/1391 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
Systems and methods for fabricating an electrode are disclosed. In one example, a fabrication process for the electrode includes increasing an electrochemical performance of a battery by adjusting a distribution of lithium in the electrode between a surface and interstitial sites of the electrode. The fabrication process includes mixing, calcinating, rinsing, and sintering electrode materials and the fabrication process is optimized to increase lithium in the interstitial sites and decrease lithium at the surface of the electrode.
H01M 4/1391 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
H01M 4/131 - Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
Systems and methods are provided for a battery management system (BMS) having a protection circuit. In one example, a vehicle battery system may include the BMS, the BMS including a cutoff circuit coupled to a short-circuit protection circuit, and a battery pack, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit may include a diode array, cathodes of the diode array being coupled to a positive terminal post of the battery pack and anodes of the diode array being coupled to a negative terminal post of the battery pack. In some examples, the cutoff circuit may further be coupled to a reverse bias protection circuit including a switchable current path arranged between a control input of the cutoff circuit and an output of the cutoff circuit. In this way, the vehicle battery system may be protected from unexpected voltage conditions via the BMS redirecting and dissipating excess current away from the cutoff circuit.
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
B60L 50/60 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
B60L 58/10 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
H02H 7/18 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteriesEmergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for accumulators
Systems and methods are provided for a battery management system (BMS) having a protection circuit. In one example, a vehicle battery system may include the BMS, the BMS including a cutoff circuit coupled to a short-circuit protection circuit, and a battery pack, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit may include a diode array, cathodes of the diode array being coupled to a positive terminal post of the battery pack and anodes of the diode array being coupled to a negative terminal post of the battery pack. In some examples, the cutoff circuit may further be coupled to a reverse bias protection circuit including a switchable current path arranged between a control input of the cutoff circuit and an output of the cutoff circuit. In this way, the vehicle battery system may be protected from unexpected voltage conditions via the BMS redirecting and dissipating excess current away from the cutoff circuit.
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
B60L 50/60 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
B60L 58/10 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
H02H 7/18 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteriesEmergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for accumulators
An LFP electrode material is provided which has improved impedance, power during cold cranking, rate capacity retention, charge transfer resistance over the current LFP based cathode materials. The electrode material comprises crystalline primary particles and secondary particles, where the primary particle is formed from a plate-shaped single-phase spheniscidite precursor and a lithium source. The LFP includes an LFP phase behavior where the LFP phase behavior includes an extended solid-solution range.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
C01B 25/45 - Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
H01M 4/136 - Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
Systems and methods for a lithium-ion battery cell are disclosed. In one example, a method for forming a cathode for a lithium-ion battery cell includes forming a pre-lithiated cathode with a pre-lithiation reagent and positioning the pre-lithiated cathode in contact with an electrolyte. An electrolyte additive is injected into the electrolyte to form a passivation layer at the pre-lithiated cathode, the passivation layer inhibiting continued decomposition of the pre-lithiation reagent of the pre-lithiated cathode after completion of a formation cycle of the lithium-ion battery cell.
Systems and methods for a lithium-ion battery cell are disclosed. In one example, a method for forming a cathode for a lithium-ion battery cell includes forming a pre-lithiated cathode with a pre-lithiation reagent and positioning the pre-lithiated cathode in contact with an electrolyte. An electrolyte additive is injected into the electrolyte to form a passivation layer at the pre-lithiated cathode, the passivation layer inhibiting continued decomposition of the pre-lithiation reagent of the pre-lithiated cathode after completion of a formation cycle of the lithium-ion battery cell.
Methods and systems are provided for forming a cathode pre-lithiation layer for a lithium-ion battery. In one example, a slurry for forming the cathode pre-lithiation layer may include a solvent including a uniform dispersion of a nanoscale cathode pre-lithiation reagent. The slurry may be cast onto a porous cathode active material layer and dried and calendered to form the cathode pre-lithiation layer. In some examples, the slurry may have a viscosity of up to 5000 cP at a shear rate of 100 s−1. In this way, delamination and interfacial impedance between the cathode pre-lithiation layer and the porous cathode active material layer may be reduced relative to a higher viscosity cathode pre-lithiation layer having a larger scale cathode pre-lithiation reagent cast onto a non-porous or low-porosity cathode active material layer.
Methods and systems are provided for forming a cathode pre-lithiation layer for a lithium-ion battery. In one example, a slurry for forming the cathode pre-lithiation layer may include a solvent including a uniform dispersion of a nanoscale cathode pre-lithiation reagent. The slurry may be cast onto a porous cathode active material layer and dried and calendered to form the cathode pre-lithiation layer. In some examples, the slurry may have a viscosity of up to 5000 cP at a shear rate of 100 s-1. In this way, delamination and interfacial impedance between the cathode pre-lithiation layer and the porous cathode active material layer may be reduced relative to a higher viscosity cathode pre-lithiation layer having a larger scale cathode pre-lithiation reagent cast onto a non-porous or low-porosity cathode active material layer.
3333N may be successfully and reproducibly utilized as a cathode pre-lithiation reagent, such that initial lithium ion consumption may be compensated and capacity of the lithium-ion battery may be concomitantly increased.
Systems and methods are provided for passivating lithium nitride (Li3N) for use in a lithium-ion battery as a cathode pre-lithiation reagent. In one example, the cathode pre-lithiation reagent may include a core particle composed of Li3N, and a passivation coating uniformly disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the core particle. In some examples, the passivation coating may cover a majority of the surface of the core particle or may substantially completely cover the surface of the core particle. The cathode pre-lithiation reagent may further be included in the lithium-ion battery, where the passivation coating may mitigate unwanted side reactions during processing and manufacturing. In this way, Li3N may be successfully and reproducibly utilized as a cathode pre-lithiation reagent, such that initial lithium ion consumption may be compensated and capacity of the lithium-ion battery may be concomitantly increased.
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
35.
ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITIONS FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERIES
Systems and methods are provided for using electrolytic compositions in lithium ion batteries. In one example, an electrolytic composition may include vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, 1,3-propane sultone, ethylene sulfite, and a conducting salt including no less than 80 mol % of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. In this way, a capacity retention of the lithium ion battery may be maintained, such as during high-temperature storage at 100% state of charge.
Methods and systems are provided for a blend of cathode active materials. In one example, the blend of cathode active materials provides a high power battery with low direct current resistance while improving lithium ion cell safety performance. Methods and systems are further provided for fabricating the cathode active material blend and a battery including the blend.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
Methods and systems are provided for salt-rinse surface doping of electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In one example, a method may include dissolving a dopant salt in a solvent to form a dopant salt rinse solution, rinsing an electrode active material with the dopant salt rinse solution to form a coated electrode active material, and heating the coated electrode active material to form a doped electrode active material. In some examples, a surface region of the doped electrode active material may include a uniform distribution of dopants from the dopant salt rinse solution. In this way, the electrode active material may be rinsed and doped via the dopant salt rinse solution in a single-stage process.
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
39.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR SALT-RINSE SURFACE DOPING OF ELECTRODE MATERIALS
Methods and systems are provided for salt-rinse surface doping of electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In one example, a method may include dissolving a dopant salt in a solvent to form a dopant salt rinse solution, rinsing an electrode active material with the dopant salt rinse solution to form a coated electrode active material, and heating the coated electrode active material to form a doped electrode active material. In some examples, a surface region of the doped electrode active material may include a uniform distribution of dopants from the dopant salt rinse solution. In this way, the electrode active material may be rinsed and doped via the dopant salt rinse solution in a single-stage process.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
Methods and systems are provided for a cathode material for lithium ion batteries. In one example, the cathode material may include a lithium mixed metal oxide core and a surface coating surrounding the core. Optionally, a passivating layer may continuously surround the surface coating. In some examples, the surface coating or surface layer may include a sacrificial lithium source, a lithium-based active cathode catalyst, or a combination thereof. In other examples, methods are provided for manufacturing the cathode material for use in a lithium ion battery.
H01M 4/1391 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
C01G 53/50 - Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
41.
Multi-layered coated electrode for lithium-ion battery
Systems and methods are provided for an electrode for a lithium-ion battery cell. In one example, the electrode may include a current collector having two opposing sides, at least one of the two opposing sides being configured with a first coating layer disposed on the current collector at a first loading, where the first coating layer may include a first binder in a first weight ratio, and a second coating layer disposed on the first coating layer at a second loading, where the second coating layer may include a second binder in a second weight ratio, wherein the first weight ratio may be greater than the second weight ratio, and a ratio of the first loading to the second loading may be less than 1:2. In this way, direct current internal resistance of the lithium-ion battery cell may be decreased while maintaining or increasing adhesion within the electrode.
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
42.
ELECTRODE WITH FLAME RETARDANT ADDITIVES AND METHOD AND SYSTEMS FOR PREPARATION AND USE
Methods and systems are provided for an electrode active material for lithium ion batteries. In one example, the electrode active material may include a lithium mixed metal oxide core and flame-retardant dusting particles partially retained within a surface of the core. In some examples, the dusting particles may have an average size of less than 20 μm. In some examples, the amount of dusting particles by weight may be greater than 0.1% of the core particles and less than 50% of the core particles. In another example, methods are provided for manufacturing the electrode active material for use in a lithium ion battery, where lithium metal composite core particles may be mixed with the flame-retardant dusting particles in a dry process.
Systems and methods are provided for a battery management system (BMS) having a protection circuit. In one example, a vehicle battery system may include the BMS, the BMS including a cutoff circuit coupled to a short-circuit protection circuit, and a battery pack, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit may include a diode array, cathodes of the diode array being coupled to a positive terminal post of the battery pack and anodes of the diode array being coupled to a negative terminal post of the battery pack. In some examples, the cutoff circuit may further be coupled to a reverse bias protection circuit including a switchable current path arranged between a control input of the cutoff circuit and an output of the cutoff circuit. In this way, the vehicle battery system may be protected from unexpected voltage conditions via the BMS redirecting and dissipating excess current away from the cutoff circuit.
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02H 3/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection
B60L 58/18 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
Systems and methods are provided for a battery management system (BMS) having a protection circuit. In one example, a vehicle battery system may include the BMS, the BMS including a cutoff circuit electrically coupled to the protection circuit, and a battery pack, a positive supply line of the battery pack being electrically coupled to the cutoff circuit, wherein the protection circuit may include each of an input electrically coupled to a control input of the cutoff circuit, an output electrically coupled to an output of the cutoff circuit, and a control input of the protection circuit electrically coupled to the output of the cutoff circuit. In some examples, the protection circuit may further include a low-current leakage transistor configured to maintain the cutoff circuit in an OFF state upon detection of a reverse bias voltage. In this way, the protection circuit may mitigate unexpected switching ON of the cutoff circuit.
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02H 3/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection
B60L 58/18 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
45.
Reverse bias protection circuit for a vehicle battery system
Systems and methods are provided for a battery management system (BMS) having a protection circuit. In one example, a vehicle battery system may include the BMS, the BMS including a cutoff circuit electrically coupled to the protection circuit, and a battery pack, a positive supply line of the battery pack being electrically coupled to the cutoff circuit, wherein the protection circuit may include each of an input electrically coupled to a control input of the cutoff circuit, an output electrically coupled to an output of the cutoff circuit, and a control input of the protection circuit electrically coupled to the output of the cutoff circuit. In some examples, the protection circuit may further include a low-current leakage transistor configured to maintain the cutoff circuit in an OFF state upon detection of a reverse bias voltage. In this way, the protection circuit may mitigate unexpected switching ON of the cutoff circuit.
H02H 7/18 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteriesEmergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for accumulators
B60L 50/60 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
B60L 58/10 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
46.
PREDICTIVE THERMAL MODELS FOR CURRENT AND POWER CAPABILITY ESTIMATION
Methods and systems are provided for predictive thermal models for determining current and power capabilities of battery components of a battery-powered system. In one example, a method may include measuring a reference temperature of a first component of the battery-powered system, correlating a target temperature of a second component of the battery-powered system to the reference temperature, determining a maximum current manageable by the second component over a predetermined duration based on the target temperature, and responsive to an actual current at the second component being requested greater than the maximum current during the predetermined duration, adjusting one or more operating conditions of the battery-powered system to maintain the actual current below the maximum current. In some examples, the first component may be different from the second component. In this way, the methods and systems provided herein may mitigate overheating in a battery-powered system by altering an operating state thereof.
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
Systems and methods are provided for a battery management system (BMS) having a protection circuit. In one example, a vehicle battery system may include the BMS, the BMS including a cutoff circuit coupled to a short-circuit protection circuit, and a battery pack, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit may include a diode array, cathodes of the diode array being coupled to a positive terminal post of the battery pack and anodes of the diode array being coupled to a negative terminal post of the battery pack. In some examples, the cutoff circuit may further be coupled to a reverse bias protection circuit including a switchable current path arranged between a control input of the cutoff circuit and an output of the cutoff circuit. In this way, the vehicle battery system may be protected from unexpected voltage conditions via the BMS redirecting and dissipating excess current away from the cutoff circuit.
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H02H 7/18 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteriesEmergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for accumulators
B60L 50/60 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
B60L 58/10 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
48.
ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITIONS FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERIES
Systems and methods are provided for using electrolytic compositions in lithium ion batteries. In one example, an electrolytic composition may include vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, 1,3-propane sultone, ethylene sulfite, and a conducting salt including no less than 80 mol% of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. In this way, a capacity retention of the lithium ion battery may be maintained, such as during high-temperature storage at 100% state of charge.
A binder for an electrode is provided herein. In one example, the electrode may include a current collector, and an electrode coating layer, the electrode coating layer including an electrode active material and a binder, where the binder may comprise an aromatic polyamide-based compound, and the binder may be present at greater than 0 wt % and less than or equal to 30 wt % of the electrode coating layer. In one example, the binder provides stronger cohesion between particles of the electrode active material. Methods and systems are further provided for fabricating the electrode including the binder.
A coated cathode material for lithium-ion batteries is disclosed. Methods and systems are further provided for applying a coating to an active cathode material for use in a lithium-ion battery. In one example, the coated cathode material may include a high-nickel content active cathode material, such as lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide or lithium nickel aluminum cobalt oxide, coated with a coating including one or more high energy density active materials, such as lithium vanadium fluorophosphate and/or a lithium iron manganese phosphate compound. In some examples, the high-nickel content active cathode material may include greater than or equal to 60% nickel content.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
51.
Stacked prismatic architecture for electrochemical cell
A battery cell system and method for manufacturing a battery cell system is provided. The battery cell system includes an electrode stack including a first anode with a first anode tab, a second anode with a second anode tab laterally offset from the first anode tab, a first cathode with a first cathode tab, and a second cathode with a second cathode tab laterally offset from the first cathode tab.
H01M 10/0585 - Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
H01M 50/178 - Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for pouch or flexible bag cells
H01M 50/30 - Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
H01M 50/536 - Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
H01M 50/54 - Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
H01M 50/55 - Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
Systems and methods are provided for a slurry for coating an electrode structure. In one example, a method may include dispersing, by mixing at one or both of a high shear and a low shear, a solid ionically conductive polymer material in at least a first portion of a solvent to form a suspension, then dispersing, by mixing at the one or both of the high shear and the low shear, one or more additives in the suspension, and then mixing, at the one or both of the high shear and the low shear, a second portion of the solvent with the suspension to form a slurry. As such, the slurry including the solid ionically conductive polymer material may be applied as a coating in a solid-state battery cell, which may reduce resistance to Li-ion transport and improve mechanical stability relative to a conventional solid-state battery cell.
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 4/13 - Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulatorsProcesses of manufacture thereof
H01M 10/0585 - Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
53.
Systems and methods for a composite solid-state battery cell with an ionically conductive polymer electrolyte
Systems and methods are provided for a slurry for coating an electrode structure. In one example, a method may include dispersing, by mixing at one or both of a high shear and a low shear, a solid ionically conductive polymer material in at least a first portion of a solvent to form a suspension, then dispersing, by mixing at the one or both of the high shear and the low shear, one or more additives in the suspension, and then mixing, at the one or both of the high shear and the low shear, a second portion of the solvent with the suspension to form a slurry. As such, the slurry including the solid ionically conductive polymer material may be applied as a coating in a solid-state battery cell, which may reduce resistance to Li-ion transport and improve mechanical stability relative to a conventional solid-state battery cell.
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 10/0585 - Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
54.
ANODE PRE-LITHIATION FOR HIGH ENERGY LI-ION BATTERY
Methods and systems are provided for fabricating a large format lithium ion electrochemical cell that includes an anode and a cathode. In one example, the anode is prepared via loading the anode to a predetermined anode loading amount, followed by electrochemical prelithiation of the anode via electrically coupling an auxiliary electrode to the anode where lithium is transferred to the anode through an electrolyte solution from the auxiliary electrode. In this way, pre-lithiation of the anode may be improved, which may in turn increase a capacity of the large format lithium ion electrochemical cell.
A battery pack system and methods for operating the battery pack system are disclosed. In one example, the battery pack system may simultaneously output two different voltages from a stack of battery cells. One voltage may be applied to a first group of electric power consumers and the second voltage may be applied to a second group of electric power consumers.
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
B60K 6/28 - Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
56.
DUAL VOLTAGE BATTERY AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE SAME
A battery pack system and methods for operating the battery pack system are disclosed. In one example, the battery pack system may simultaneously output two different voltages from a stack of battery cells. One voltage may be applied to a first group of electric power consumers and the second voltage may be applied to a second group of electric power consumers.
Methods and systems are provided for a battery cathode material comprising greater than or equal to 60% nickel content, the cathode material having at least one metal doped therein. In one example, a method comprises doping the at least one metal into the cathode material using water as a solvent, wherein the at least one metal has an ionic radii greater than 60 picometers. The at least one metal may be selected from strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), technetium (Tc), ruthenium (Ru), tungsten (W), platinum (Pt), neodymium (Nd), yttrium (Y), and cerium (Ce).
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
58.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DRY SURFACE DOPING OF CATHODE MATERIALS
A doped cathode material for lithium-ion batteries is disclosed. Methods and systems are further provided for doping a cathode material for use in a lithium-ion battery. In one example, the doping may be a dry surface doping process. In some examples, dopants may stabilize a crystal structure of the cathode material and may result in fewer side reactions with an electrolyte as compared to an undoped cathode material. As such, cycling performance and capacity retention may be improved relative to the undoped cathode material. Further, in some examples, the doped cathode material produced with the dry surface doping process may have improved cycling performance and capacity retention relative to a comparable doped cathode material produced with a wet surface doping process.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
A doped cathode material for lithium-ion batteries is disclosed. Methods and systems are further provided for doping a cathode material for use in a lithium-ion battery. In one example, the doping may be a dry surface doping process. In some examples, dopants may stabilize a crystal structure of the cathode material and may result in fewer side reactions with an electrolyte as compared to an undoped cathode material. As such, cycling performance and capacity retention may be improved relative to the undoped cathode material. Further, in some examples, the doped cathode material produced with the dry surface doping process may have improved cycling performance and capacity retention relative to a comparable doped cathode material produced with a wet surface doping process.
H01M 4/52 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/05 - Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
60.
Process for metallization of electrochemically active powders
Materials and methods for coating an electrochemically active electrode material for use in a lithium-ion battery are provided. In one example, an electrochemically active electrode material comprises: a polymer coating applied directly to an exterior surface of the electrochemically active electrode material; a metal plating catalyst adhered to the continuous polymer; and a continuous metal coating that completely covers the metal catalyst and continuous polymer coating. The electrochemically active electrode material may comprise a powder comprising one or more secondary particles, and the polymer and metal coatings may be applied to exterior surfaces of these secondary particles.
Methods and systems are provided for a blend of cathode active materials. In one example, the blend of cathode active materials provides a high power battery with low direct current resistance while improving lithium ion cell safety performance. Methods and systems are further provided for fabricating the cathode active material blend and a battery comprising said blend.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 4/1397 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
H01M 4/1391 - Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
Methods and systems are provided for a cathode material for lithium ion batteries. In one example, the cathode material may include a lithium mixed metal oxide core and a surface coating surrounding the core. Optionally, a passivating layer may continuously surround the surface coating. In some examples, the surface coating or surface layer may include a sacrificial lithium source, a lithium-based active cathode catalyst, or a combination thereof. In other examples, methods are provided for manufacturing the cathode material for use in a lithium ion battery.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
Systems and methods for constructing and assembling a battery are provided. A battery, may comprise a cell tab support and a plurality of stacked battery cells, where a portion of the cells extends through the cell tab support and is folded over on top of the cell tab support. Each of the plurality of stacked battery cells may comprise two oppositely charged electrode tab terminals bent in opposite directions below the cell tab support, and bent in the same direction over the top of the cell tab support.
Methods and systems are provided for an electrode active material for lithium ion batteries. In one example, the electrode active material may include a lithium mixed metal oxide core and flame-retardant dusting particles partially retained within a surface of the core. In some examples, the dusting particles may have an average size of less than 20 µm. In some examples, the amount of dusting particles by weight may be greater than 0.1% of the core particles and less than 50% of the core particles. In another example, methods are provided for manufacturing the electrode active material for use in a lithium ion battery, where lithium metal composite core particles may be mixed with the flame-retardant dusting particles in a dry process.
A binder for an electrode is provided herein. In one example, the electrode may include a current collector, and an electrode coating layer, the electrode coating layer including an electrode active material and a binder, where the binder may comprise an aromatic polyamide-based compound, and the binder may be present at greater than 0 wt% and less than or equal to 30 wt% of the electrode coating layer. In one example, the binder provides stronger cohesion between particles of the electrode active material. Methods and systems are further provided for fabricating the electrode including the binder.
Methods and systems are provided for a battery encapsulant. In one example, a method may include a battery encapsulant surrounding one or more battery cells of a vehicle battery, where the encapsulant comprises a Young Modulus between 0.05 to 0.15 GPa after being cured.
H01M 50/24 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
H01M 10/653 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
H01M 50/20 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders
An LFP electrode material is provided which has improved impedance, power during cold cranking, rate capacity retention, charge transfer resistance over the current LFP based cathode materials. The electrode material comprises crystalline primary particles and secondary particles, where the primary particle is formed from a plate-shaped single-phase spheniscidite precursor and a lithium source. The LFP includes an LFP phase behavior where the LFP phase behavior includes an extended solid-solution range.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
C01B 25/45 - Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
H01M 4/136 - Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
Systems and methods are provided for a prismatic electrochemical cell comprising one pair of positive tabs and one pair of negative tabs. The positive tabs and the negative tabs may be positioned at opposite sides of the cell with the positive tabs being mutually offset from one another and the negative tabs being mutually offset from one another. The electrochemical cell may comprise two groups of electrode pairs, a first number of electrode pairs coupled to a first set of positive tabs and negative tabs while a second, remaining number of electrode pairs are coupled to a second set of positive tabs and negative tabs.
A lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode and methods and systems related thereto are disclosed. In one example, a lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode is provided including, a dopant comprising vanadium and optionally a co-dopant comprising cobalt.
C01B 25/45 - Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
H01M 4/136 - Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
71.
METHOD AND SYSTEMS FOR COATED CATHODE MATERIALS AND USE OF COATED CATHODE MATERIALS
A coated cathode material for lithium-ion batteries is disclosed. Methods and systems are further provided for applying a coating to an active cathode material for use in a lithium-ion battery. In one example, the coated cathode material may include a high-nickel content active cathode material, such as lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide or lithium nickel aluminum cobalt oxide, coated with a coating including one or more high energy density active materials, such as lithium vanadium fluorophosphate and/or a lithium iron manganese phosphate compound. In some examples, the high-nickel content active cathode material may include greater than or equal to 60% nickel content.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
A rechargeable battery is designed with cells having a specific combination of anode, cathode, and electrolyte compositions to maintain long cycle life at extreme high temperatures and deliver high power at extreme low temperatures. These properties can significantly reduce or altogether eliminate the need for thermal management circuitry, reducing weight and cost. Applications in telecommunications backup, transportation, and military defense are contemplated.
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/0567 - Liquid materials characterised by the additives
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 4/587 - Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
H01M 10/0568 - Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
H01M 10/0569 - Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
Methods and systems are provided for a battery cathode material comprising greater than or equal to 60% nickel content, the cathode material having at least one metal doped therein. In one example, a method comprises doping the at least one metal into the cathode material using water as a solvent, wherein the at least one metal has an ionic radii greater than 60 picometers. The at least one metal may be selected from strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), technetium (Tc), ruthenium (Ru), tungsten (W), platinum (Pt), neodymium (Nd), yttrium (Y), and cerium (Ce).
74.
Battery module with heat dissipating encapsulant material and methods therefor
Disclosed herein, is a battery module that comprises an encapsulant material exhibiting improved thermal transfer and heat dissipation characteristics. In one example embodiment, the battery module comprises a “stack” of cells, wherein at least some of the cells, and optionally each cell, is not separated by a metal plate or tab-shaped heat sink layer, and instead, the cells are substantially surrounded by an encapsulant material and stacked directly upon one another.
H01M 10/647 - Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
H01M 10/653 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
Materials and methods for coating an electrochemically active electrode material for use in a lithium-ion battery are provided. In one example, an electrochemically active electrode material comprises: a polymer coating applied directly to an exterior surface of the electrochemically active electrode material; a metal plating catalyst adhered to the continuous polymer; and a continuous metal coating that completely covers the metal catalyst and continuous polymer coating. The electrochemically active electrode material may comprise a powder comprising one or more secondary particles, and the polymer and metal coatings may be applied to exterior surfaces of these secondary particles.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/485 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
A method for a battery system may include applying a charge voltage to a first battery and a second battery electrically connected in parallel, diverting a portion of the charge voltage in excess of a threshold voltage from all battery cells of the second battery to a heater coupled externally to the second battery, and transferring heat from the heater to the second battery, the heat generated from the portion of the charge voltage. In this way, degradation of the second battery can be reduced during battery charging, especially at colder temperatures.
A battery cell system and method for manufacturing a battery cell system is provided. The battery cell system includes an electrode stack including a first anode with a first anode tab, a second anode with a second anode tab laterally offset from the first anode tab, a first cathode with a first cathode tab, and a second cathode with a second cathode tab laterally offset from the first cathode tab. tab.
Methods and systems are provided for a battery encapsulant. In one example, a method may include a battery encapsulant surrounding one or more battery cells of a vehicle battery, where the encapsulant comprises a Young Modulus between 0.05 to 0.15 GPa after being cured.
H01M 10/653 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
Systems and methods for constructing and assembling a battery are provided. A battery, may comprise a cell tab support and a plurality of stacked battery cells, where a portion of the cells extends through the cell tab support and is folded over on top of the cell tab support. Each of the plurality of stacked battery cells may comprise two oppositely charged electrode tab terminals bent in opposite directions below the cell tab support, and bent in the same direction over the top of the cell tab support.
A silicon anode comprising a hybrid binder at a blending ratio of 10-90 wt. % for use in a Li-ion battery is provided. The combination of a hybrid binder in the Si anode for use in a rechargeable Li-ion cell shows the unexpected result of extending the cycle life and a balancing effect between adhesion strength and first cycle efficiency.
A method of cooling a rack of heat dissipating components comprises cooling air, and porting the cooled air into a volume in front of the rack from above the volume. The method further comprises moving the cooled air from the volume in front of the rack to a plenum at a rear portion of the rack to pressurize the plenum. The cooled air is moved with an air mover disposed at a bottom portion of the rack, The method also comprises flowing air from the pressurized plenum past or through heat dissipating components in the rack to the volume in front of the rack, by force of pressure in the plenum through air-directing ports in the plenum. The air may be flowed through the heat dissipating components, around the heat dissipating components, or both. The method further comprises drawing warm air from an upper portion of the volume in front of the racks to cool it again.
A lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode and methods and systems related thereto are disclosed. In one example, a lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode is provided including, a dopant comprising vanadium and optionally a co-dopant comprising cobalt.
H01M 4/136 - Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
C01B 25/45 - Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
84.
System and method for assessing voltage threshold detecting circuitry within a battery pack
Systems and methods for assessing voltage threshold detection circuitry of individual battery cells within a battery pack supplying power to a vehicle are disclosed. One example system comprises, a plurality of battery cells within a battery pack, a plurality of voltage threshold detecting circuits detecting voltage of the plurality of battery cells, a voltage of a first battery cell of the plurality of battery cells coupled to a first voltage threshold detecting circuit of the plurality of voltage threshold detecting circuits, and a network that selectively couples a second battery cell to the first voltage detecting circuit while the first battery cell is coupled to the first voltage detecting circuit.
G01R 31/36 - Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
G01R 35/00 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
An electrode/separator assembly for use in an electrochemical cell includes a current collector; a porous composite electrode layer adhered to the current collector, said electrode layer comprising at least electroactive particles and a binder; and a porous composite separator layer comprising inorganic particles substantially uniformly distributed in a polymer matrix to form nanopores and having a pore volume fraction of at least 25%, wherein the separator layer is secured to the electrode layer by a solvent weld at the interface between the two layers, said weld comprising a mixture of the binder and the polymer. Methods of making and using the assembly are also described.
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
H01M 4/13 - Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulatorsProcesses of manufacture thereof
H01M 4/74 - Meshes or woven materialExpanded metal
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/0585 - Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
H01M 10/18 - Lead-acid accumulators with bipolar electrodes
Disclosed herein, is a battery module that comprises an encapsulant material exhibiting improved thermal transfer and heat dissipation characteristics. In one example embodiment, the battery module comprises a "stack" of cells, wherein at least some of the cells, and optionally each cell, is not separated by a metal plate or tab-shaped heat sink layer, and instead, the cells are substantially surrounded by an encapsulant material and stacked directly upon one another.
H01M 10/653 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
H01M 2/10 - Mountings; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
An LFP electrode material is provided which has improved impedance, power during cold cranking, rate capacity retention, charge transfer resistance over the current LFP based cathode materials. The electrode material comprises crystalline primary particles and secondary particles, where the primary particle is formed from a plate-shaped single-phase spheniscidite precursor and a lithium source. The LFP includes an LFP phase behavior where the LFP phase behavior includes an extended solid-solution range.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
C01B 25/45 - Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
H01M 4/136 - Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
A silicon anode comprising a hybrid binder at a blending ratio of 10-90 wt. % for use in a Li-ion battery is provided. The combination of a hybrid binder in the Si anode for use in a rechargeable Li-ion cell shows the unexpected result of extending the cycle life and a balancing effect between adhesion strength and first cycle efficiency.
An LFP electrode material is provided which has improved impedance, power during cold cranking, rate capacity retention, charge transfer resistance over the current LFP based cathode materials. The electrode material comprises crystalline primary particles and secondary particles, where the primary particle is formed from a plate-shaped single-phase spheniscidite precursor and a lithium source. The LFP includes an LFP phase behavior where the LFP phase behavior includes an extended solid-solution range.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
C01B 25/45 - Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
H01M 4/587 - Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
A lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode and methods and systems related thereto are disclosed. In one example, a lithium iron phosphate electrochemically active material for use in an electrode is provided including, a dopant comprising vanadium and optionally a co-dopant comprising cobalt.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 4/136 - Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
Systems and methods for balancing battery cells of a battery pack are disclosed. In one example, a charge imbalance is determined while battery cells operate in a high charge resolution voltage range. The charge imbalance determined during operation in the high charge resolution voltage range may be removed when the battery cells are operated in a low charge resolution voltage range. The system and method may be particularly useful for balancing battery cells that operate in the low charge resolution voltage range for a large portion of their operating time.
An energy storage system that delivers electrical energy to and absorbs electrical energy from a power grid (304) comprises a storage bank (308) configured to store electrical energy received from the power grid (304) through a conversion unit (302), and to deliver stored electrical energy through the conversion unit (302). The energy storage bank (308) may be associated with a parameter. The energy storage system may further include a load (316) configured to dissipate electrical energy received from the power grid (304) through a load gate (312), and a control unit (310) operatively coupled to the conversion unit (302) and the load gate (312). The control unit (310) may be configured to control electrical energy flowing from the power grid (304) to the energy storage bank (308) and to the load (316), and electrical energy flowing from the energy storage bank (308) to the power grid (304), as a function of a signal from the power grid (304) and the parameter associated with the energy storage bank (308).
H02J 3/24 - Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
An electrochemical storage multi-cell may comprise: a housing, including a plurality of concentric annular cell chambers; a plurality of electrochemical storage cells, wherein each of the plurality of annular cells are positioned in one of the plurality of annular cell chambers, and the plurality of annular cells are electrically connected in series; and conductive electrolyte filling each of the annular cell chambers.
H01M 10/0587 - Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
The following description relates to systems and methods for a vehicle battery. The vehicle battery may be a Lithium-ion battery, and may comprise a plurality of prismatic shaped battery cells, arranged and stacked to form a series of battery cell groups, and where protective casings or partitioned chambers of a protective casing enclose each battery cell group. The protective casings, or component segments of a protective casing, may be coupled to one another by a series of ridges and mating grooves. A protective casing may alternatively comprise of a monolithic extrusion comprising a plurality of partitioned chambers. The protective casing may be configured to absorb a threshold compressive force without resulting in deformation of the battery cell groups.
The following description relates to systems and methods for a vehicle battery. The vehicle battery may be a Lithium-ion battery, and may comprise a plurality of prismatic shaped battery cells, arranged and stacked to form a series of battery cell groups, and where protective casings or partitioned chambers of a protective casing enclose each battery cell group. The protective casings, or component segments of a protective casing, may be coupled to one another by a series of ridges and mating grooves. A protective casing may alternatively comprise of a monolithic extrusion comprising a plurality of partitioned chambers. The protective casing may be configured to absorb a threshold compressive force without resulting in deformation of the battery cell groups.
H01M 2/10 - Mountings; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
H01M 10/0585 - Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
A negative electrode active material comprising titanium, for example lithium titanate, includes an inorganic aluminum phosphate surface layer in direct conformal contact. The aluminum phosphate layer may be covalently bound to surface structures of the negative electrode active material. A Li-ion cell comprising the surface-treated electrode active material may provide an improved cycle life and survival at high temperature as compared to Li-ion cells comprising LTO with no surface treatment, wherein the surface layer may form Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3 structures upon battery cycling.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 4/485 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/0567 - Liquid materials characterised by the additives
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
Systems and methods of pre-charging battery cells that can pre-charge battery cells included in a plurality of series-connected battery modules. The systems and methods monitor a value of a pre-charge current provided to the series-connected battery modules, and monitor a voltage level of the battery cells within each battery module. The systems and methods switchingly interrupt the pre-charge current within each battery module once it has reached a predetermined threshold current value or the battery cells within the battery module have been charged to a UVP level, causing a flyback current to flow into the battery cells of each battery module that have not yet been charged to the UVP level. Once the battery cells within each battery module have been charged to the UVP level, the systems and methods can provide a full-charge current to the series-connected battery modules.
H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
In an embodiment, an energy storage system includes one or more storage cells, charge/discharge circuitry, and charger wakeup circuitry. After the storage cells become depleted below an energy level threshold, the charge/discharge circuitry disconnects the storage cells from a main circuit associated with the storage system. The charger wakeup circuitry allows a limited amount of current to bypass the charge/discharge circuitry in order to present a current-limited voltage from the storage cells at the terminals. The voltage presented at the terminals is pulsed on and off when an external device is connected across the terminals. The voltage presented to the terminals is detected by the external device. After detecting the voltage, the external device performs an operation in response to detecting the condition.
Systems and methods of detecting ground faults in energy storage and/or generation systems. The systems and methods can monitor levels of DC voltages and amplitudes of AC voltages occurring on the positive and negative side of a DC bus with respect to ground on the DC side of the energy storage and/or generation system, and process the monitored DC voltage levels and AC voltage amplitudes to detect a ground fault. Having detected such a ground fault, the systems and methods can generate a warning signal and/or shutdown at least part of the system, for example, by disconnecting a DC energy system from the DC bus, and/or by disabling a DC-to-AC bidirectional inverter included in the system.
