Abstract

Methods for etching nanostructures in a substrate include depositing a patterned block copolymer on the substrate, the patterned block copolymer including first and second polymer block domains, applying a precursor to the patterned block copolymer to generate an infiltrated block copolymer, the precursor infiltrating into the first polymer block domain and generating a material in the first polymer block domain, applying a removal agent to the infiltrated block copolymer to generate a patterned material, the removal agent removing the first and second polymer block domains from the substrate, and etching the substrate, the patterned material on the substrate masking the substrate to pattern the etching. The etching may be performed under conditions to produce nanostructures in the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
• G02B 1/118 - Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• G03F 7/40 - Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
• H01L 21/027 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or
• H01L 21/033 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or comprising inorganic layers
• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching
• H01L 21/308 - Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks
• H01L 31/0236 - Special surface textures

Abstract

Various examples relate to collimated phase measuring deflectometry. In one example, is a collimated phase measuring deflectometer system with a screen that emits a structured light pattern; a collimation optical system comprising a Fourier lens positioned such that the structured light pattern passes through the collimation optical system; a beam splitter positioned such that the structured light pattern is redirected to illuminate a surface of a specimen under test (SUT); and a camera having a telecentric lens positioned such that a deflected pattern produced by illuminating the surface of the SUT is captured by the camera. The deflection pattern is insensitive to the distance from the collimated phase measuring deflectometer to the SUT surface. In another example, a method includes emitting a structured light pattern; collimating the emitted light pattern; reflecting collimated light to illuminate a SUT surface; and acquiring an image of a deflected pattern produced by the illumination.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01M 11/02 - Testing optical properties
• G06T 7/60 - Analysis of geometric attributes

Abstract

A compact two-dimensional (2D) scanning magnet for scanning ion beams is provided. The compact 2D scanning magnet may include a vertical field trapezoidal coil and a horizontal field trapezoidal coil that is disposed proximate to the vertical field trapezoidal coil and is rotated about an axis relative to the vertical field trapezoidal coil. The vertical field trapezoidal coil may include a top coil that is configured to receive a first input electrical current flowing in a first direction, and a bottom coil that is configured to receive a second input electrical current flowing in the first direction. The horizontal field trapezoidal coil may include a left coil that is configured to receive a third input electrical current flowing in a second direction, and a right coil that is configured to receive a fourth input electrical current flowing in the second direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01J 37/147 - Arrangements for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path

Abstract

A system and method for exfoliating a layer of exfoliated material from a source material and for stacking the exfoliated layers. The system including a first rotary device and a second rotary device. The first and second rotary devices each being selectively rotatable in a clockwise and counter clockwise directions. A flexible tape having an adhesive surface, the tape extending between the first and second rotary devices. A press roller operably connected to a frame and adapted to provide a biasing force in a first direction. A stage having a chuck for securing a source substrate containing source material, the stage is operably connected to a stage actuator for moving the stage between an initial position and a process position. The tape is disposed between the press roller and the source substrate when the stage is in the process position, wherein the press roller applies pressure to the tape and the source material disposed on the source substrate adheres to the tape, and wherein movement of the stage from the process position back to the initial position causes the tape to exfoliate a layer of exfoliated material from the source material. A stacker forms a layered heterostructure material using the exfoliated material.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/19 - Preparation by exfoliation
• B30B 3/02 - Presses characterised by the use of rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, rings, discs co-operating with a fixed member

Abstract

Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide electromagnetic based secure contact-less integrity verification for an integrated circuit. In one example, an embodiment provides for mapping a signal to a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) seed value, generating a PRNG output digital signal based on the PRNG seed value, encrypting the PRNG output digital signal based on a cipher function and a key, and generating an electromagnetic signal associated with the PRNG output digital signal to facilitate non-contact sensing of the electromagnetic signal by a probing system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 21/72 - Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information in cryptographic circuits
• G06F 7/58 - Random or pseudo-random number generators
• G06F 21/73 - Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information by creating or determining hardware identification, e.g. serial numbers

Abstract

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to calcium-free aluminum-based cement formulations designed for applications under supercritical conditions and in corrosive environments. In an aspect, alkali activation of aluminum hydroxide at high temperatures leads to the formation of mineral phases stable under supercritical and superhot conditions. In another aspect, these include, but are not limited to, crystalline phases of boehmite and paragonite and, optionally, a minor vlasovite phase. In yet another aspect, the compositions and articles made therefrom, such as geothermal well sheaths, are stable under the extreme conditions, and water-fillable porosity and mechanical properties of these cement formulations persist through super-critical exposure.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 28/06 - Aluminous cements
• C04B 14/02 - Granular materials
• C04B 14/04 - Silica-rich materialsSilicates
• C04B 14/30 - Oxides other than silica
• C04B 28/04 - Portland cements
• C04B 28/34 - Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
• C04B 40/00 - Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
• C04B 111/20 - Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
• C09K 8/467 - Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholesCompositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
• E21B 33/14 - Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes

Abstract

A solid-state photomultiplier with a high-k dielectric hole blocking layer (HBL) is provided. The HBL may include a n-type material. The photomultiplier may comprise an amorphous selenium (a-Se) bulk layer. The HBL may be a non-insulating layer. The photomultiplier may also comprise an electron blocking layer (EBL). The EBL may comprise a p-type material. The p-type material may also have a high k dielectric. The a-Se layer may be sandwiched between the HBL and the EBL. Methods for manufacturing a solid-state photomultiplier are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 27/146 - Imager structures

Abstract

A solenoid-magnet system and method for producing high-magnetic-fields, including a substantially radially-open-region located in the axially central region of the solenoid-magnet to allow target placement, particle beam transport and other uses, a substantially axially-open-region located in the radially central region of the solenoid-magnet to allow target placement, particle beam transport and other uses, axially-inward-low-temperature-superconducting-coils and axially-outward-low-temperature-superconducting-coils comprised of low-temperature-superconducting-wire located in radially-outward-regions to generate high magnetic-fields, axially-inward-high-temperature-superconducting-coils and axially-outward-high-temperature-superconducting-coils comprised of high-temperature-superconducting-tape located in radially-inward-regions to generate even higher magnetic-fields, and support-structures to support the coils against large Lorentz-forces.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01F 6/06 - Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
• G01N 23/20008 - Constructional details of analysers, e.g. characterised by X-ray source, detector or optical systemAccessories thereforPreparing specimens therefor
• H01F 1/147 - Alloys characterised by their composition
• H01F 41/04 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets for manufacturing coils

Abstract

An event-driven readout management system includes non-priority access arbitration of a plurality of channels. The system includes an arbitration tree circuit, response circuit, in-channel logic circuit, and output periphery circuit. The arbitration tree circuit determines to which of the plurality of channels to grant access to a common signal transfer resource shared by the plurality of channels based on a readout access request provided by at least one of the plurality of channels. The arbitration tree circuit terminates a prior readout transaction and commences a subsequent readout transaction in response to a single edge of a clock signal. The in-channel logic circuit terminates the prior readout transaction and commences the subsequent readout transaction in response to receiving an acknowledge token. The output periphery circuit converts information received from the plurality of channels into an output format on the common signal transfer resource.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 13/40 - Bus structure

Abstract

A fuel cell includes an anode, a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane disposed between the anode and the cathode. A cathode catalyst is disposed on the cathode and the cathode catalyst includes nitrogen doped platinum nickel (PtNiN) nanoparticles loaded on mesoporous carbon. The PtNiN nanoparticles have an average diameter between about 1.0 nm and about 10.0 nm, the mesoporous carbon has a plurality of pores, the majority of the pores have an average pore diameter less than about 8.0 nm, and at least a portion of the PtNiN nanoparticles are disposed within the majority of the pores having an average pore diameter less than about 8.0 nm.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group
• H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
• H01M 8/1004 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]

Abstract

A charge-sensitive amplifier configured to receive an input charge signal from a radiation sensor includes a high-open-loop- voltage gain amplification stage including at least one of an operational amplifier and/or operational transconductance amplifier, a capacitive network electrically coupled between an input and an output of the high-open-loop- voltage gain amplification stage, and an active feedback circuit network electrically coupled between the input and the output of the high-open-loop-voltage gain amplification stage. The capacitive network provides integration of the input charge signal and conversion of the input charge signal to a voltage available at an output of the charge-sensitive amplifier.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/45 - Differential amplifiers
• H03F 3/16 - Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements with semiconductor devices only with field-effect devices

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a dry milled catalyst, wherein the dry milled catalyst is a product of dry milling 1) a cerium oxide with 2) rhodium, ruthenium, nickel, cobalt, or a combination thereof. This disclosure relates to a method of converting methane to methanol, comprising heating a reaction mixture comprising methane, hydrogen peroxide, and a dry milled catalyst, wherein the dry milled catalyst is a product of dry milling 1) a cerium oxide with 2) palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, nickel, cobalt, or a combination thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 29/48 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by oxidation reactions with formation of hydroxy groups
• C07C 31/04 - Methanol
• B01J 37/04 - Mixing

Abstract

Methods and systems for fabricating a film, such as, for example, a photocathode, having a tailored band structure and thin-film components that can be tailored for specific applications, such as, for example photocathode having a high quantum efficiency, and simple components fabricated by those methods.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01J 9/12 - Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of photo-emissive cathodesManufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of secondary-emission electrodes
• H01J 1/34 - Photo-emissive cathodes
• H02S 50/15 - Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells using optical means, e.g. using electroluminescence
• C23C 14/34 - Sputtering
• C23C 14/54 - Controlling or regulating the coating process
• C23C 14/00 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
• C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
• C30B 23/02 - Epitaxial-layer growth
• C30B 29/40 - AIIIBV compounds
• C23C 14/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
• C23C 14/16 - Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
• G01N 21/63 - Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited

Abstract

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a hydroxamate-based resin for use in a 44Ti/44Sc generator system. In an aspect, the carboxylate groups of a commercially available resin can be synthetically modified to produce an alkyl-substituted hydroxamate resin. In one aspect, the carboxylate resin can be a commercial resin. The disclosure also relates to a 44Ti/44Sc generator system comprising an alkyl-substituted hydroxamate resin of Formula I and a method of producing 44Sc, the method comprising decay of 44Ti in a 44Ti/44Sc generator system using an alkyl-substituted hydroxamate resin of Formula I. In an aspect, the alkyl can be methyl. The disclosure further relates to a 172Hf/172Lu generator system comprising the use of an alkyl-substituted hydroxamate resin of Formula I and a method of producing 172Lu comprising decay of 172Hf in a 172Hf/172Lu generator system using an alkyl-substituted hydroxamate resin. In an aspect, the alkyl can be methyl.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/283 - Porous sorbents based on silica
• B01J 20/10 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
• B01J 20/26 - Synthetic macromolecular compounds
• B01J 20/287 - Non-polar phasesReversed phases
• B01J 20/32 - Impregnating or coating

Abstract

An adaptive line driver circuit configured to transmit a signal over a wired link includes a delay-locked loop (DLL) circuit, which includes a phase detector (PD) circuit, charge pump (CP) circuit, and voltage-controlled delay line (VCDL) circuit operatively coupled together. The delay-locked loop circuit provides pre-emphasis and feed-forward equalization of the signal. The delay locked loop circuit also provides a user-configurable parameter including at least one of pre-data tap amplitude, data tap amplitude, post-data tap amplitude, pre-data tap duration, post-data tap duration, pre-data tap quantity, and post-data tap quantity. The adaptive line driver circuit further includes a source-series terminated (SST) driver circuit operatively coupled to the delay-locked loop circuit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 25/03 - Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
• H04L 7/033 - Speed or phase control by the received code signals, the signals containing no special synchronisation information using the transitions of the received signal to control the phase of the synchronising-signal- generating means, e.g. using a phase-locked loop

Abstract

A system and method for exfoliating a layer of exfoliated material and for stacking the layers. The system including first and second rotary devices, each being selectively rotatable; a flexible tape having an adhesive surface, the tape extending between the first and second rotary devices; a press roller providing a biasing force; a stage having a chuck for securing a source substrate containing source material, the stage is connected to a stage actuator for moving the stage between an initial and a process position. The tape is disposed between the press roller and the source substrate when the stage is in the process position, the press roller applies pressure to the tape, the source material disposed on the source substrate adheres to the tape, and movement of the stage causes the tape to exfoliate a layer of exfoliated material from the source material.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/67 - Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereofApparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components

Abstract

Methods for etching nanostructures in a substrate include depositing a patterned block copolymer on the substrate, the patterned block copolymer including first and second polymer block domains, applying a precursor to the patterned block copolymer to generate an infiltrated block copolymer, the precursor infiltrating into the first polymer block domain and generating a material in the first polymer block domain, applying a removal agent to the infiltrated block copolymer to generate a patterned material, the removal agent removing the first and second polymer block domains from the substrate, and etching the substrate, the patterned material on the substrate masking the substrate to pattern the etching. The etching may be performed under conditions to produce nanostructures in the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
• G02B 1/118 - Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• G03F 7/40 - Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
• H01L 21/027 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or
• H01L 21/033 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or comprising inorganic layers
• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching
• H01L 21/308 - Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks
• H01L 31/0236 - Special surface textures

Abstract

A solid-state photomultiplier with a high- k dielectric hole blocking layer (HBL) is provided. The HBL may include a n-type material. The photomultiplier may comprise an amorphous selenium (a-Se) bulk layer. The HBL may be a non-insulating layer. The photomultiplier may also comprise an electron blocking layer (EBL). The EBL may comprise a p-type material. The p-type material may also have a high k dielectric. The a-Se layer may be sandwiched between the HBL and the EBL. Methods for manufacturing a solid-state photomultiplier are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/786 - Thin-film transistors
• H01L 29/02 - Semiconductor bodies
• H01L 31/0272 - Selenium or tellurium
• H01L 31/107 - Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier or surface barrier the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiode
• H01L 29/04 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure, e.g. polycrystalline, cubic or particular orientation of crystalline planes
• H01L 31/09 - Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultra- violet radiation

Abstract

A solid-state photomultiplier with a high- k dielectric hole blocking layer (HBL) is provided. The HBL may include a n-type material. The photomultiplier may comprise an amorphous selenium (a-Se) bulk layer. The HBL may be a non-insulating layer. The photomultiplier may also comprise an electron blocking layer (EBL). The EBL may comprise a p-type material. The p-type material may also have a high k dielectric. The a-Se layer may be sandwiched between the HBL and the EBL. Methods for manufacturing a solid-state photomultiplier are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/786 - Thin-film transistors
• H01L 29/02 - Semiconductor bodies
• H01L 31/107 - Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier or surface barrier the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiode
• H01L 29/04 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure, e.g. polycrystalline, cubic or particular orientation of crystalline planes
• H01L 31/09 - Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultra- violet radiation

Abstract

An event-driven readout management system includes non-priority access arbitration of a plurality of channels. The system includes an arbitration tree circuit, response circuit, in-channel logic circuit, and output periphery circuit. The arbitration tree circuit determines to which of the plurality of channels to grant access to a common signal transfer resource shared by the plurality of channels based on a readout access request provided by at least one of the plurality of channels. The arbitration tree circuit terminates a prior readout transaction and commences a subsequent readout transaction in response to a single edge of a clock signal. The in-channel logic circuit terminates the prior readout transaction and commences the subsequent readout transaction in response to receiving an acknowledge token. The output periphery circuit converts information received from the plurality of channels into an output format on the common signal transfer resource.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 13/16 - Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to memory bus

Abstract

A method and device for determining the position of a rotor in a brushless motor is provided. The method generally includes: injecting electrical signals into a stator of the brushless motor; measuring scattering parameters reflected back from the stator, wherein the scattering parameters are influenced by the near-field dynamics impaired by the motor; and comparing the measured scattering parameters to a predetermined data set of scattering parameters for known rotor positions to determine the position of the rotor. The method and device is also suitable for determining a condition of a motor or a generator.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02P 6/18 - Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements

Abstract

Compositions that are plants, seeds or crops that have a combination of defective BADC genes and genes for making hydroxy fatty acids produced normal levels of oil containing specialty fatty acids, and exhibited an increases in total oil accumulation, increase in absolute hydroxy (specialized) fatty acid accumulation per seed and/or per plant and/or per unit land area. Defective BADC genes and genes for synthesizing hydroxy fatty acids are combined to produce specialized fatty acids without substantially slowing production of endogenous fatty acids. Methods are also described for increasing production of unusual fatty acids and increasing total fatty acid levels in plants by a mechanism involving combining defective BADC genes and genes for making hydroxy fatty acids to produce steady or increased levels of oil containing the increased specialty products as described herein.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/82 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells

Abstract

A well cement composite and a method for making a well cement composite includes a mixture of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) and fly ash cenospheres (CS) in a weight ratio of from 30:70 to 80:20 CAC to CS; sodium metasilicate (SMS) in an amount of from 1 to 10% of the total weight of the mixture of CAC and CS; polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) in an amount of from 0.5 to 6.0% of the total weight of the mixture of CAC and CS; and water in a weight ratio of from 0.5:1.0 to 1.2:1.0 of water to CAC and CS.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 20/10 - Coating or impregnating
• C04B 24/42 - Compounds having one or more carbon-to-silicon linkages
• C04B 28/26 - Silicates of the alkali metals
• C04B 40/00 - Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
• C09K 8/467 - Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholesCompositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
• C04B 28/06 - Aluminous cements
• C04B 18/08 - Flue dust
• C04B 111/20 - Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
• C04B 111/27 - Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials

Abstract

A reconfigurable data acquisition card including at least one field programmable gate array (FPGA) and a configurable bus switch coupled with the FPGA. The bus switch forms at least first and second ports used by the FPGA, the bus switch being adaptable for insertion into a connection having a number of lanes at least equal to a combined number of lanes in the first and second ports. The data acquisition card further includes multiple optical transmitters and optical receivers. Each optical transmitter and optical receiver is coupled with a corresponding transceiver in the FPGA via at least one optical fiber having multiple communication links. Timing circuitry in the data acquisition card is coupled with clock generation and distribution circuitry in the FPGA and is configured to distribute clock and timing signals to detector front-ends with fixed latency and to synchronize input/output links with a system clock generated by the FPGA.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 13/40 - Bus structure
• H03K 19/14 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one outputInverting circuits using specified components using opto-electronic devices, i.e. light-emitting and photoelectric devices electrically- or optically-coupled
• H04B 10/40 - Transceivers
• H04J 3/06 - Synchronising arrangements

Abstract

A reconfigurable computing platform includes a reconfigurable computing device, electro-optical transceiver, and first voltage converter disposed on a multilayer board. The electro-optical transceiver converts an optical signal at least one of to and from an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is operatively coupled to the reconfigurable computing device. The electro-optical transceiver is disposed in proximity to the reconfigurable computing device, and the first voltage converter is operatively coupled to a common voltage distributed around a periphery of the multilayer board. The first voltage converter converts the common voltage to a first operating voltage, and the first voltage converter is disposed in proximity to the reconfigurable computing device. The first operating voltage is provided to the reconfigurable computing device as a first power source. A reconfigurable computing system includes a plurality of reconfigurable computing platforms operatively coupled together using an optical signal. A corresponding method of providing a reconfigurable computing platform is also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 15/78 - Architectures of general purpose stored program computers comprising a single central processing unit
• H05K 1/02 - Printed circuits Details
• G06F 1/12 - Synchronisation of different clock signals
• G06F 1/18 - Packaging or power distribution
• G06F 1/26 - Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof

Abstract

A composition comprising a synthetic growth factor analogue comprising a non-growth factor heparin binding region, a linker and a sequence that binds specifically to a cell surface receptor and an osteoconductive material where the synthetic growth factor analogue is attached to and can be released from the osteoconductive material and is an amplifier/co-activator of osteoinduction.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/18 - Growth factorsGrowth regulators
• A61L 27/12 - Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
• A61L 27/16 - Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• A61L 27/22 - Polypeptides or derivatives thereof
• A61L 27/24 - Collagen
• A61L 27/34 - Macromolecular materials
• A61L 27/50 - Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
• C07K 14/47 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans from vertebrates from mammals
• C07K 14/51 - Bone morphogenic factorOsteogeninOsteogenic factorBone-inducing factor

Abstract

An anode configured for fast charging a lithium-ion battery includes an anode substrate and a coating provided on a surface of the anode substrate for increasing an overpotential of Li metal to inhibit Li metal plating during extreme fast charging a lithium-ion battery fabricated with the anode. The anode is fabricated by a process of applying a coating to the anode substrate surface that comprises a nanolayer of Cu, or a nanolayer of Ni or a composite nanolayer of Cu and Ni.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
• H01M 4/133 - Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries

Abstract

The invention provides mutant or variant oleosin polypeptides having one or more amino acid substitutions, particularly one or more arginine substitution for lysine, and having one or more amino acid deletions. The mutant oleosin polypeptides provide for higher triacylglycerol compared to wild type oleosin, including when the mutant oleosin is expressed in plants. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the mutant oleosin(s), constructs and host cells comprising the polynucleotides, methods for producing oil bodies comprising the mutant oleosin(s) and for producing oil in host cells and plants. The invention also relates to plants, particularly transgenic or recombinantly engineered plants, expressing one or more of the mutant oleosin polypeptides, as well as seeds and oil bodies derived from the plants.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/415 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from plants
• C12N 15/82 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective for flex plates. The flex plates may comprise a base plate. The base plate may include walls that define an insert location opening in the base plate. The insert location opening in the base plate may be in communication with a securement area. The flex plates may comprise an insert. The insert may include a reservoir region and a crystallization region separated by a wall including channels. The reservoir region and the crystallization region may include a backing. The insert may further include securement tabs. The securement tabs may be configured to secure the insert to the base plate at the securement area.

IPC Classes  ?

• C30B 7/14 - Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions the crystallising materials being formed by chemical reactions in the solution
• C30B 29/58 - Macromolecular compounds
• C07K 1/30 - ExtractionSeparationPurification by precipitation
• G01N 1/28 - Preparing specimens for investigation
• G01N 23/207 - Diffractometry, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions
• C07H 21/00 - Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids

Abstract

A method for trapping noble gas atoms and molecules in oxide nanocages that includes providing oxide nanocages on a metallic substrate, ionizing a noble gas to form noble gas cations, applying a voltage to the metallic substrate, contacting the oxide nanocages with the noble gas cations, and deionizing the cations to form noble gas atoms and molecules that are trapped within the oxide nanocages. In one embodiment of the present device, polygonal prism organosilicate cages on a ruthenium thin film can trap noble gases.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
• B01D 53/76 - Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/32 - Impregnating or coating
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective for etching nanostructures in a substrate. The methods may comprise depositing a patterned block copolymer on the substrate. The patterned block copolymer may include first and second polymer block domains. The methods may comprise applying a precursor to the patterned block copolymer to generate an infiltrated block copolymer. The precursor may infiltrate into the first polymer block domain and generate a material in the first polymer block domain. The methods may comprise applying a removal agent to the infiltrated block copolymer to generate a patterned material. The removal agent may be effective to remove the first and second polymer block domains from the substrate. The methods may comprise etching the substrate. The patterned material on the substrate may mask the substrate to pattern the etching. The etching may be performed under conditions to produce nanostructures in the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• H01L 31/0236 - Special surface textures
• G02B 1/118 - Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• G03F 7/40 - Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
• H01L 21/027 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or
• H01L 21/033 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or comprising inorganic layers
• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching
• H01L 21/308 - Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks
• B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures

Abstract

The current invention pertains compositions and methods to generate compositions providing stability to biomolecules, including providing physiologically stable and functional DNA origami-based drug/gene delivery carriers by surface coating with the oligo-ethylene glycol conjugated peptoids of Formulas (I), (II), and (III).

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 7/06 - Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
• C07K 17/06 - Peptides being immobilised on, or in, an organic carrier attached to the carrier via a bridging agent
• A61K 47/69 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additivesTargeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
• C07K 1/10 - General processes for the preparation of peptides using coupling agents
• B82Y 5/00 - Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery

Abstract

The present method of detection involves increasing an amount of analyte molecules by an isothermal molecular amplification approach. In the present approach a starting molecule of interest may be amplified through a reaction it induces with specifically engineered and functionalized particles, namely protected particles A and storage particles B. This reaction may result in a set of output DNA molecules that is larger in number than the input DNA molecules. Thus the reaction between nanoparticles for amplification of a certain DNA sequence (input DNA molecules) may occur when there is a match with a targeted molecule (stored molecules on storage particles B) and if the DNA sequence of the input DNA molecules does not match (partially or completely) the targeted molecule the reaction may not occur. Without a certain molecular input of the input DNA molecule the reaction may not occur.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/6862 - Ligase chain reaction [LCR]
• B82Y 5/00 - Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
• C12Q 1/6853 - Nucleic acid amplification reactions using modified primers or templates
• C12Q 1/6844 - Nucleic acid amplification reactions

Abstract

A fully differential rail-to-rail-output amplifier includes a differential input inverter pair, folded cascode pair, class AB control pair, and class AB output rail-to-rail pair. A drain associated with the folded cascode pair is operatively coupled to the class AB control pair, and the drain associated with the folded cascode pair is unconnected to the current source associated with the class AB control pair. A method of providing fully differential rail-to-rail-output amplification includes coupling a folded cascode pair operatively to a differential input inverter pair, coupling a drain associated with the folded cascode pair operatively to a class AB control pair, and coupling a class AB output rail-to-rail pair operatively to the class AB control pair.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/45 - Differential amplifiers

Abstract

A method and device for determining the position of a rotor in a brushless motor is provided. The method generally includes: injecting electrical signals into a stator of the brushless motor; measuring scattering parameters reflected back from the stator, wherein the scattering parameters are influenced by the near-field dynamics impaired by the motor; and comparing the measured scattering parameters to a predetermined data set of scattering parameters for known rotor positions to determine the position of the rotor. The method and device is also suitable for determining a condition of a motor or a generator.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02P 6/18 - Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective for flex plates. The flex plates may comprise a base plate. The base plate may include walls that define an insert location opening in the base plate. The insert location opening in the base plate may be in communication with a securement area. The flex plates may comprise an insert. The insert may include a reservoir region and a crystallization region separated by a wall including channels. The reservoir region and the crystallization region may include a backing. The insert may further include securement tabs. The securement tabs may be configured to secure the insert to the base plate at the securement area.

IPC Classes  ?

• C30B 7/14 - Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions the crystallising materials being formed by chemical reactions in the solution
• C30B 29/58 - Macromolecular compounds
• C07K 1/30 - ExtractionSeparationPurification by precipitation
• G01N 23/207 - Diffractometry, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions
• G01N 1/28 - Preparing specimens for investigation
• C07H 21/00 - Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids

Abstract

The present invention provides a method that utilizes an existing infrastructure such as atomic layer deposition or similar vapor-based deposition tool or metal salt solutions based infiltration to infiltrate certain metals or metal-based precursors into resist materials to enhance the performance of the resists for the advancement of lithography techniques.

IPC Classes  ?

• G03F 7/004 - Photosensitive materials
• C08J 3/205 - Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a liquid phase
• C08K 3/16 - Halogen-containing compounds
• C08L 33/12 - Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
• C08L 39/08 - Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl-pyridine
• C23C 16/40 - Oxides
• C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber
• G03F 7/20 - ExposureApparatus therefor

Abstract

A qubit device for use in a quantum computing environment includes a semiconductor substrate, an insulating layer disposed on at least a portion of an upper surface of the substrate, and a transition metal silicide (TMSi) heterojunction disposed on at least a portion of an upper surface of the insulating layer. The TMSi heterojunction includes a link layer and at least first and second TMSi regions coupled with the link layer. The link layer may include a normal conductor, thereby forming a superconductor-normal conductor-superconductor (SNS) junction, or a geometric constriction, thereby forming a superconductor-geometric constriction-superconductor (ScS) junction. The link layer may form at least a portion of a channel including intrinsic or doped silicon.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 39/22 - Devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, e.g. Josephson-effect devices
• H01L 39/24 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of devices provided for in group or of parts thereof
• B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
• G06N 10/00 - Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
• B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
• H01L 39/02 - Devices using superconductivity or hyperconductivity; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof - Details

Abstract

A reconflgurable data acquisition card including at least one field programmable gate array (FPGA) and a configurable bus switch coupled with the FPGA. The bus switch forms at least first and second ports used by the FPGA, the bus switch being adaptable for insertion into a connection having a number of lanes at least equal to a combined number of lanes in the first and second ports. The data acquisition card further includes multiple optical transmitters and optical receivers. Each optical transmitter and optical receiver is coupled with a corresponding transceiver in the FPGA via at least one optical fiber having multiple communication links. Timing circuitry in the data acquisition card is coupled with clock generation and distribution circuitry in the FPGA and is configured to distribute clock and timing signals to detector front-ends with fixed latency and to synchronize input/output links with a system clock generated by the FPGA.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 6/26 - Optical coupling means
• G02B 6/42 - Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
• H03K 19/14 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one outputInverting circuits using specified components using opto-electronic devices, i.e. light-emitting and photoelectric devices electrically- or optically-coupled

Abstract

An apparatus for performing quantum computing includes multiple qubits, each of at least a subset of the qubits comprising a loop formed of a Dirac or Weyl semimetal and having at least two stable quantum states. The apparatus further includes at least one terahertz cavity coupled with the qubits, the terahertz cavity being configured to detect the quantum states of the qubits. Each of at least the subset of qubits is configured to receive a circularly polarized radiation source. The radiation source is adapted to excite a chiral current in each of at least the subset of qubits, the quantum states of the plurality of qubits being a function of the chiral current.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 10/00 - Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
• H01F 38/14 - Inductive couplings

Abstract

A reconfigurable computing platform includes a reconfigurable computing device, electro-optical transceiver, and first voltage converter disposed on a multilayer board. The electro-optical transceiver converts an optical signal at least one of to and from an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is operatively coupled to the reconfigurable computing device. The electro-optical transceiver is disposed in proximity to the reconfigurable computing device, and the first voltage converter is operatively coupled to a common voltage distributed around a periphery of the multilayer board. The first voltage converter converts the common voltage to a first operating voltage, and the first voltage converter is disposed in proximity to the reconfigurable computing device. The first operating voltage is provided to the reconfigurable computing device as a first power source. A reconfigurable computing system includes a plurality of reconfigurable computing platforms operatively coupled together using an optical signal. A corresponding method of providing a reconfigurable computing platform is also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 1/18 - Packaging or power distribution
• G06F 1/26 - Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof

Abstract

A photodetector including graphene and poly(3-hexylthiopene) (P3HT) nanowires is claimed. A method of making the hybrid photodetector is also claimed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 31/028 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
• H01L 31/0256 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material

Abstract

A composition comprising a synthetic growth factor analogue comprising a non-growth factor heparin binding region, a linker and a sequence that binds specifically to a cell surface receptor and an osteoconductive material where the synthetic growth factor analogue is attached to and can be released from the osteoconductive material and is an amplifier/co-activator of osteoinduction.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/18 - Growth factorsGrowth regulators
• C07K 14/51 - Bone morphogenic factorOsteogeninOsteogenic factorBone-inducing factor
• A61L 27/12 - Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
• C07K 14/47 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans from vertebrates from mammals
• A61L 27/22 - Polypeptides or derivatives thereof
• A61L 27/24 - Collagen
• A61L 27/16 - Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• A61L 27/34 - Macromolecular materials
• A61L 27/50 - Materials characterised by their function or physical properties

Abstract

An anode configured for fast charging a lithium-ion battery includes an anode substrate and a coating provided on a surface of the anode substrate for increasing an overpotential of Li metal to inhibit Li metal plating during extreme fast charging a lithium-ion battery fabricated with the anode. The anode is fabricated by a process of applying a coating to the anode substrate surface that comprises a nanolayer of Cu, or a nanolayer of Ni or a composite nanolayer of Cu and Ni.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material

Abstract

Nitride stabilized metal (M or Pt(M)) nanoparticles and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. In one embodiment the metal nanoparticles have a nonporous noble metal shell with a nitride-stabilized non-noble metal core. The nitride-stabilized core provides a stabilizing effect under high oxidizing conditions suppressing the noble metal dissolution during potential cycling. Introduction of nitrogen into the core by annealing produces metal nitride(s) that are less susceptible to dissolution during potential cycling under high oxidizing conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group
• H01M 8/1018 - Polymeric electrolyte materials

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective for etching nanostructures in a substrate. The methods may comprise depositing a patterned block copolymer on the substrate. The methods may comprise applying a precursor to the patterned block copolymer to generate an infiltrated block copolymer. The precursor may infiltrate into the first polymer block domain and generate a material. The methods may comprise applying a removal agent effective to remove the polymer block domains to the infiltrated block copolymer to generate a pattern of the material. The methods may comprise etching the substrate. The pattern of the material may mask the substrate to pattern the etching. The etching may be performed under conditions to produce nanostructures in the substrate. The methods may comprise removing the pattern of the material and coating the nanostructures and the surface of the substrate with a hydrophobic coating.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/308 - Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks
• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching
• H01L 21/027 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or
• G03F 7/40 - Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
• G02B 1/118 - Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• G02B 1/18 - Coatings for keeping optical surfaces clean, e.g. hydrophobic or photo-catalytic films
• B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
• H01L 21/033 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or comprising inorganic layers

Abstract

Escherichia coli expression hosts are disclosed herein. Target genes that can be stably maintained and expressed include those that specify proteins that are highly toxic to the host cell. Different configurations of vectors and expression hosts provide different rates of transcription and translation of target genes and therefore different rates of accumulation of target proteins. Methods for cloning by asymmetric ligation and co-expression of more than one target protein in a single vector are also disclosed, as are variants of BL21(DE3) having lower basal transcription by T7 RNA polymerase.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/11 - DNA or RNA fragmentsModified forms thereof
• C12N 15/66 - General methods for inserting a gene into a vector to form a recombinant vector using cleavage and ligationUse of non-functional linkers or adaptors, e.g. linkers containing the sequence for a restriction endonuclease
• C12N 15/67 - General methods for enhancing the expression
• C12N 15/70 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli
• C12N 15/63 - Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectorsVectorsUse of hosts thereforRegulation of expression
• C12N 9/12 - Transferases (2.) transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7)

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective for etching nanostructures in a substrate. The methods may comprise depositing a patterned block copolymer on the substrate. The patterned block copolymer may include first and second polymer block domains. The methods may comprise applying a precursor to the patterned block copolymer to generate an infiltrated block copolymer. The precursor may infiltrate into the first polymer block domain and generate a material in the first polymer block domain. The methods may comprise applying a removal agent to the infiltrated block copolymer to generate a patterned material. The removal agent may be effective to remove the first and second polymer block domains from the substrate. The methods may comprise etching the substrate. The patterned material on the substrate may mask the substrate to pattern the etching. The etching may be performed under conditions to produce nanostructures in the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• H01L 31/0236 - Special surface textures
• G02B 1/118 - Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• G03F 7/40 - Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
• H01L 21/027 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or
• H01L 21/033 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or comprising inorganic layers
• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching
• H01L 21/308 - Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks
• B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures

Abstract

A composition comprising a synthetic growth factor analog comprising a non-growth factor heparin binding region, a linker and a sequence that binds specifically to a cell surface receptor and an osteoconductive material where the synthetic growth factor analog is attached to and can be released from the osteoconductive material and is an amplifier/co-activator of osteoinduction.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61P 19/08 - Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
• A61K 38/18 - Growth factorsGrowth regulators
• C07K 17/14 - Peptides being immobilised on, or in, an inorganic carrier
• C07K 17/02 - Peptides being immobilised on, or in, an organic carrier
• A61K 38/08 - Peptides having 5 to 11 amino acids
• A61K 38/10 - Peptides having 12 to 20 amino acids
• C07K 14/51 - Bone morphogenic factorOsteogeninOsteogenic factorBone-inducing factor
• C07K 14/47 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans from vertebrates from mammals
• A61L 27/12 - Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
• A61L 27/24 - Collagen
• A61L 27/22 - Polypeptides or derivatives thereof

Abstract

Borrelia genospecies. The invention also provides methods for administering the chimeric OspA molecules to a subject in the prevention and treatment of Lyme disease or borreliosis.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/02 - Bacterial antigens
• C07K 14/20 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from bacteria from Spirochaetales (O), e.g. Treponema, Leptospira
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies

Abstract

The present invention provides soluble, stable singlet fission (SF) compounds, compositions, materials, methods of their use, and methods for their preparation that provide efficient intramolecular singlet fission (iSF) and multiple excitons. The SF compound may be a dimer, an oligomer, or a polymer of polyoligoacenes, where for example, the compound achieves a triplet yield reaching about 200% per absorbed photon. In this system, SF does not depend on intermolecular inter-actions. Instead, SF is an intrinsic property of the molecule and therefore occurs independent of intermolecular interactions. Singlet fission has the potential to significantly improve the photocurrent in single junction solar cells and thus raise the Shockley-Queisser power conversion efficiency limit from about 33% to about 46% or greater. Quantitative SF yield at room temperature has only been observed in crystalline solids or aggregates of higher acenes.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 61/10 - Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• C07C 50/24 - Quinones containing halogen
• C07F 7/08 - Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages

Abstract

A binder-free, self-supporting electrode including an electrochemically active material in the absence of a binder and a current collector is claimed. The electrochemically active material is a self-supporting transition metal oxide. A method of regenerating the electrode to restore capacity of the electrode is also claimed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
• H01M 4/131 - Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• H01M 10/052 - Li-accumulators
• H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
• H01M 4/48 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
• H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• C01G 45/12 - Complex oxides containing manganese and at least one other metal element

Abstract

Technologies are described for apparatus, methods and systems effective for filtering. The filters may comprise a first plate. The first plate may include an x-ray absorbing material and walls defining first slits. The first slits may include arc shaped openings through the first plate. The walls of the first plate may be configured to absorb at least some of first x-rays when the first x-rays are incident on the x-ray absorbing material, and to output second x-rays. The filters may comprise a second plate spaced from the first plate. The second plate may include the x-ray absorbing material and walls defining second slits. The second slits may include arc shaped openings through the second plate. The walls of the second plate may be configured to absorb at least some of second x-rays and to output third x-rays.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 23/203 - Measuring back scattering
• A61B 6/03 - Computed tomography [CT]
• G21K 1/10 - Scattering devicesAbsorbing devices
• G01N 23/20008 - Constructional details of analysers, e.g. characterised by X-ray source, detector or optical systemAccessories thereforPreparing specimens therefor

Abstract

Nitride stabilized metal nanoparticles and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. In one embodiment the metal nanoparticles have a continuous and nonporous noble metal shell with a nitride-stabilized non-noble metal core. The nitride-stabilized core provides a stabilizing effect under high oxidizing conditions suppressing the noble metal dissolution during potential cycling.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 21/06 - Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• B01D 9/00 - Crystallisation

Abstract

Methods and systems for fabricating a film, such as, for example, a photocathode, having a tailored band structure and thin-film components that can be tailored for specific applications, such as, for example photocathode having a high quantum efficiency, and simple components fabricated by those methods.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01J 9/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereofRecovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
• H01J 9/12 - Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of photo-emissive cathodesManufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of secondary-emission electrodes
• H01J 1/34 - Photo-emissive cathodes
• H02S 50/15 - Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells using optical means, e.g. using electroluminescence
• G01N 21/63 - Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
• C23C 14/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
• C23C 14/16 - Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
• C23C 14/54 - Controlling or regulating the coating process
• C23C 14/34 - Sputtering

Abstract

TOF-PET detector systems, and methods for imaging photon-emitting samples using the detector systems, are provided. The TOF-PET detector systems use large-area photodetectors with extremely high time-resolution and an approach to data collection and analysis that allows for the use of inexpensive low-density scintillator materials. The TOF-PET detector systems are characterized by their ability to identify, on a statistical basis, the transverse and depth location of the first of the series of energy deposition events that are generated when a gamma photon enters the low-density scintillator material.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/29 - Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beamMeasurement of spatial distribution of radiation
• G01T 1/20 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
• G01T 1/204 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a liquid
• A61B 6/03 - Computed tomography [CT]

Abstract

Technologies are described for semiconductor radiation detectors. The semiconductor radiation detectors may comprise a semiconductor material. The semiconductor material may include a first surface and a second surface. The first surface may be opposite from the second surface. The semiconductor material may include at least one metal component. The semiconductor material may be effective to absorb radiation and induce a current pulse in response thereto. The semiconductor radiation detector may comprise an electrode contact. The electrode contact may include a metal doped oxide deposited on the first surface of the semiconductor material. The metal doped oxide may include the metal component element of the semiconductor material.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/24 - Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective for flex plates. The flex plates may comprise a base plate. The base plate may include walls that define an insert location opening in the base plate. The insert location opening in the base plate may be in communication with a securement area. The flex plates may comprise an insert. The insert may include a reservoir region and a crystallization region separated by a wall including channels. The reservoir region and the crystallization region may include a backing. The insert may further include securement tabs. The securement tabs may be configured to secure the insert to the base plate at the securement area.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/28 - Preparing specimens for investigation
• C30B 7/14 - Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions the crystallising materials being formed by chemical reactions in the solution
• C30B 29/58 - Macromolecular compounds
• C07K 1/30 - ExtractionSeparationPurification by precipitation
• G01N 23/207 - Diffractometry, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions
• C07H 21/00 - Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids

Abstract

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to membrane electrode assemblies. The membrane electrode assembly may include at least one gas-diffusion layer having a first side and a second side, and particle cores adhered to at least one of the first and second sides of the at least one gas-diffusion layer. The particle cores includes surfaces adhered to the at least one of the first and second sides of the at least one gas-diffusion layer and surfaces not in contact with the at least one gas-diffusion layer. Furthermore, a thin layer of catalytically atoms may be adhered to the surfaces of the particle cores not in contact with the at least one gas-diffusion layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
• H01M 2/10 - Mountings; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
• H01M 8/1004 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
• H01M 4/88 - Processes of manufacture
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group
• H01M 4/90 - Selection of catalytic material
• H01M 8/1018 - Polymeric electrolyte materials

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods to fabricate lasers to amplify light. The methods may comprise depositing nanoparticles on a substrate. The length, width, and height of the nanoparticles may be less than 100 nm. The methods may further comprise distributing the nanoparticles on the substrate to produce a film. The nanoparticles in the film may be coupled nanoparticles. The coupled nanoparticles may be in disordered contact with each other within the film. The distribution may be performed such that constructive interference of the light occurs by multiple scattering at the boundaries of the coupled nanoparticles within the film. The methods may comprise exposing the film to a power source.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/64 - FluorescencePhosphorescence
• H01S 5/34 - Structure or shape of the active regionMaterials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
• H01S 3/16 - Solid materials

Abstract

Vectors for cloning, maintaining and expressing a wide range of coding sequences in inducible T7 expression systems in Escherichia coli expression hosts are disclosed herein. Target genes that can be stably maintained and expressed include those that specify proteins that are highly toxic to the host cell. Different configurations of vectors and expression hosts provide different rates of transcription and translation of target genes and therefore different rates of accumulation of target proteins. Methods for cloning by asymmetric ligation and co-expression of more than one target protein in a single vector are also disclosed, as are variants of BL21(DE3) having lower basal transcription by T7 RNA polymerase.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/11 - DNA or RNA fragmentsModified forms thereof
• C12N 15/63 - Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectorsVectorsUse of hosts thereforRegulation of expression
• C12N 15/66 - General methods for inserting a gene into a vector to form a recombinant vector using cleavage and ligationUse of non-functional linkers or adaptors, e.g. linkers containing the sequence for a restriction endonuclease
• C12N 15/70 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective to detect photon receiving events. A first comparator may compare a magnitude of a photon signal to a first threshold voltage to produce a first output. A second comparator may compare the magnitude of the photon signal to a second threshold voltage to produce a second output. A counter control circuit may increment a second counter in response to a determination that the magnitude of a first peak of the photon signal exceeds and then falls below the second threshold voltage. The counter control circuit may prevent a third counter from incrementing in response to a second peak of the photon signal. The counter control circuit may increment the first counter in response to the magnitude of the signal exceeding and then falling below the first threshold voltage. The first counter may be associated with a number of photon receiving events detected.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/24 - Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors
• G01J 1/44 - Electric circuits

Abstract

A binder-free, self-supporting electrode including an electrochemically active material in the absence of a binder and a current collector is claimed. The electrochemically active material is a self-supporting transition metal oxide. A method of regenerating the electrode to restore capacity of the electrode is also claimed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/131 - Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• H01M 4/48 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
• H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• H01M 4/139 - Processes of manufacture
• H01M 4/04 - Processes of manufacture in general

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provides compounds, compositions, and methods for their preparation that provide efficient intramolecular fission, such that local order and strong nearest neighbor coupling is no longer a design constraint. Inventive materials include organic oligomers and polymers designed to exhibit strong intrachain donor-acceptor interactions and provide intramolecular singlet fission, whereby triplet populations can be generated in very high yields of, e.g., 170% or more. The inventive disclosure is directed to polymers of the general formula: [SA-SD]n with a strong electron acceptor (SA), a strong electron donor (SD), and n a positive integer equal to or greater than two; methods for their preparation and monomers used therein, blends, mixtures and formulations containing them; the use of the polymers, blends, mixtures and formulations as semiconductors in organic electronic (OE) devices, especially in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, and to OE and OPV devices comprising these polymers, blends, mixtures or formulations.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 61/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 51/05 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; Capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
• H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)

Abstract

This disclosure provides embodiments of an approach that enforces coexistence of multiple, aligned block copolymer morphologies within a single patterning layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• G03F 7/20 - ExposureApparatus therefor
• G03F 7/40 - Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
• G03F 7/039 - Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
• G03F 7/038 - Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
• G03F 7/16 - Coating processesApparatus therefor
• G03F 7/32 - Liquid compositions therefor, e.g. developers

Abstract

2 (CIGS) based thin-film photovoltaic devices having independently tunable sublayers are disclosed. Also provided are methods of producing an n-doped graphene.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 31/028 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• H01L 31/0392 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates
• H01L 31/0749 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type including a AIBIIICVI compound, e.g. CdS/CuInSe2 [CIS] heterojunction solar cells

Abstract

A method for producing a long length high temperature superconductor wire, includes providing a substrate, having a surface with a length of at least 50 meters and a width. The surface supports a biaxially textured high temperature superconducting layer and the biaxially textured high temperature superconducting layer has a length and a width corresponding to the length and width of the surface of the substrate. The method includes irradiating the biaxially textured high temperature superconductor layer with an ion beam impinging uniformly along the length and across the width of the biaxially textured high temperature superconductor layer to produce a uniform distribution of pinning microstructures in the biaxially textured high temperature superconductor layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01B 12/04 - Single wire
• H01B 13/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
• H01L 39/24 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of devices provided for in group or of parts thereof

Abstract

A method for producing a long length high temperature superconductor wire is proposed which includes irradiating a biaxially textured high temperature superconductor layer formed on a substrate having a length of at least 50 meters with an ion beam impinging uniformly along the length and across the width of the superconductor layer to produce a uniform distribution of pinning microstructures therein. Preferably, a REBCO coated conductor tape is irradiated with Au ions in a reel-to-reel apparatus.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 39/24 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of devices provided for in group or of parts thereof

Abstract

A method of forming electrical contacts on a diamond substrate comprises producing a plasma ball using a microwave plasma source in the presence of a mixture of gases. The mixture of gases include a source of a p-type or an n-type dopant. The plasma ball is disposed at a first distance from the diamond substrate. The diamond substrate is maintained at a first temperature. The plasma ball is maintained at the first distance from the diamond substrate for a first time, and a UNCD film, which is doped with at least one of a p-type dopant and an n-type dopant, is disposed on the diamond substrate. The doped UNCD film is patterned to define UNCD electrical contacts on the diamond substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/115 - Devices sensitive to very short wavelength, e.g. X-rays, gamma-rays or corpuscular radiation
• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• H01L 31/028 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 31/0288 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System characterised by the doping material
• H01L 31/0368 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors

Abstract

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to intermetallic nanoparticles. Embodiments include nanoparticles having an intermetallic core including a first metal and a second metal. The first metal may be palladium and the second metal may be at least one of cobalt, iron, nickel, or a combination thereof. The nanoparticles may further have a shell that includes palladium and gold.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
• B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
• B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
• B22F 1/02 - Special treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working, to improve properties; Metallic powders per se, e.g. mixtures of particles of different composition comprising coating of the powder
• C22C 1/04 - Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
• C22C 19/07 - Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
• C22C 5/04 - Alloys based on a platinum group metal
• B22F 9/24 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
• B01J 37/16 - Reducing
• H01M 4/90 - Selection of catalytic material
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group

Abstract

A method of forming electrical contacts on a diamond substrate comprises producing a plasma ball using a microwave plasma source in the presence of a mixture of gases. The mixture of gases include a source of a p-type or an n-type dopant. The plasma ball is disposed at a first distance from 5 the diamond substrate. The diamond substrate is maintained at a first temperature. The plasma ball is maintained at the first distance from the diamond substrate for a first time, and a UNCD film, which is doped with at least one of a p-type dopant and an n-type dopant, is disposed on the diamond substrate. The doped UNCD film is patterned to define UNCD electrical contacts on the diamond substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/66 - Types of semiconductor device
• H01L 21/302 - Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups to change the physical characteristics of their surfaces, or to change their shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
• H01L 31/0312 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIVBIV compounds, e.g. SiC

Abstract

Compounds of the present invention of formula I and formula II are disclosed in the specification and wherein the compounds are modulators of Bone Morphogenic Protein activity. Compounds are synthetic peptides having a non-growth factor heparin binding region, a linker, and sequences that bind specifically to a receptor for Bone Morphogenic Protein. Uses of compounds of the present invention in the treatment of bone lesions, degenerative joint disease and to enhance bone formation are disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/18 - Growth factorsGrowth regulators
• C07K 14/47 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans from vertebrates from mammals
• C07K 14/51 - Bone morphogenic factorOsteogeninOsteogenic factorBone-inducing factor
• A61K 31/727 - HeparinHeparan
• A61K 47/48 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates
• A61P 19/02 - Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• C07K 14/475 - Growth factorsGrowth regulators
• A61L 27/34 - Macromolecular materials
• C07H 21/04 - Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with deoxyribosyl as saccharide radical
• C07K 14/50 - Fibroblast growth factor [FGF]
• A61K 38/00 - Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods for fabricating a film component. The methods may comprise sputtering a first film onto a substrate. The first film may include a semiconductor compound material. The semiconductor compound material may include a semi-metal material and one or more alkali material. The methods may further comprise evaporating a second film onto the first film. The second film may include the one or more alkali materials. The one or more alkali materials may catalyze crystallization of the semiconductor compound material in the first film substantially throughout the first film to form the film component in the first layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/00 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid-state devices, or of parts thereof
• H01J 9/42 - Measurement or testing during manufacture
• C23C 14/34 - Sputtering
• C23C 14/58 - After-treatment
• H01J 9/12 - Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of photo-emissive cathodesManufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of secondary-emission electrodes
• C23C 14/14 - Metallic material, boron or silicon
• C23C 14/22 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating

Abstract

A method of forming electrical contacts on a diamond substrate comprises producing a plasma ball using a microwave plasma source in the presence of a mixture of gases. The mixture of gases include a source of a p-type or an n-type dopant. The plasma ball is disposed at a first distance from the diamond substrate. The diamond substrate is maintained at a first temperature. The plasma ball is maintained at the first distance from the diamond substrate for a first time, and a UNCD film, which is doped with at least one of a p-type dopant and an n-type dopant, is disposed on the diamond substrate. The doped UNCD film is patterned to define UNCD electrical contacts on the diamond substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• H01L 31/028 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
• H01L 31/115 - Devices sensitive to very short wavelength, e.g. X-rays, gamma-rays or corpuscular radiation

Abstract

TOF-PET detector systems, and methods for imaging photon-emitting samples using the detector systems, are provided. The TOF-PET detector systems use large-area photodetectors with extremely high time-resolution and an approach to data collection and analysis that allows for the use of inexpensive low-density scintillator materials. The TOF-PET detector systems are characterized by their ability to identify, on a statistical basis, the transverse and depth location of the first of the series of energy deposition events that are generated when a gamma photon enters the low-density scintillator material.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/204 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a liquid
• G01T 1/29 - Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beamMeasurement of spatial distribution of radiation

Abstract

9-18:0-ACP desaturase in plant cells, plant materials, and whole plants for the purpose of increasing the amount of unusual fatty acids in whole plants, plant seeds, and plant materials, for example, seeds.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/82 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells
• C12N 9/02 - Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase

Abstract

A dipole-magnet system and method for producing high-magnetic-fields, including an open-region located in a radially-central-region to allow particle-beam transport and other uses, low-temperature-superconducting-coils comprised of low-temperature-superconducting-wire located in radially-outward-regions to generate high magnetic-fields, high-temperature-superconducting-coils comprised of high-temperature-superconducting-tape located in radially-inward-regions to generate even higher magnetic-fields and to reduce erroneous fields, support-structures to support the coils against large Lorentz-forces, a liquid-helium-system to cool the coils, and electrical-contacts to allow electric-current into and out of the coils. The high-temperature-superconducting-tape may be comprised of bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper-oxide or rare-earth-metal, barium-copper-oxide (ReBCO) where the rare-earth-metal may be yttrium, samarium, neodymium, or gadolinium. Advantageously, alignment of the large-dimension of the rectangular-cross-section or curved-cross-section of the high-temperature-superconducting-tape with the high-magnetic-field minimizes unwanted erroneous magnetic fields. Alignment may be accomplished by proper positioning, tilting the high-temperature-superconducting-coils, forming the high-temperature-superconducting-coils into a curved-cross-section, placing nonconducting wedge-shaped-material between windings, placing nonconducting curved-and-wedge-shaped-material between windings, or by a combination of these techniques.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01F 7/00 - Magnets
• H01F 6/06 - Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
• H01F 6/04 - Cooling

Abstract

Borrelia genospecies. The invention also provides methods for administering the chimeric OspA molecules to a subject in the prevention and treatment of Lyme disease or borreliosis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/20 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from bacteria from Spirochaetales (O), e.g. Treponema, Leptospira
• A61K 39/02 - Bacterial antigens
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies

Abstract

Technologies are described for semiconductor radiation detectors. The semiconductor radiation detectors may comprise a semiconductor material. The semiconductor material may include a first surface and a second surface. The first surface may be opposite from the second surface. The semiconductor material may include at least one metal component. The semiconductor material may be effective to absorb radiation and induce a current pulse in response thereto. The semiconductor radiation detector may comprise an electrode contact. The electrode contact may include a metal doped oxide deposited on the first surface of the semiconductor material. The metal doped oxide may include the metal component element of the semiconductor material.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/16 - Measuring radiation intensity
• G01T 1/24 - Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors

Abstract

E. coli cyclopropane synthase further enhances cyclopropane fatty acid accumulation in fad2fae1 plant seeds.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/82 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells
• C12P 7/64 - FatsFatty oilsEster-type waxesHigher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl groupOxidised oils or fats
• C12N 9/10 - Transferases (2.)

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective for flex plates. The flex plates may comprise a base plate. The base plate may include walls that define an insert location opening in the base plate. The insert location opening in the base plate may be in communication with a securement area. The flex plates may comprise an insert. The insert may include a reservoir region and a crystallization region separated by a wall including channels. The reservoir region and the crystallization region may include a backing. The insert may further include securement tabs. The securement tabs may be configured to secure the insert to the base plate at the securement area.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/28 - Preparing specimens for investigation
• C07C 7/14 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by crystallisationPurification or separation of the crystals
• C07K 1/30 - ExtractionSeparationPurification by precipitation
• C07H 21/00 - Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
• G01N 23/20 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structureInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materialsInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
• G01N 23/207 - Diffractometry, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provides compounds, compositions, and methods for their preparation that provide efficient intramolecular fission, such that local order and strong nearest neighbor coupling is no longer a design constraint. Inventive materials include organic oligomers and polymers designed to exhibit strong intrachain donor-acceptor interactions and provide intramolecular singlet fission, whereby triplet populations can be generated in very high yields of, e.g., 170% or more. The inventive disclosure is directed to polymers of the general formula: [SA-SD]n with a strong electron acceptor (SA), a strong electron donor (SD), and n a positive integer equal to or greater than two; methods for their preparation and monomers used therein, blends, mixtures and formulations containing them; the use of the polymers, blends, mixtures and formulations as semiconductors in organic electronic (OE) devices, especially in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, and to OE and OPV devices comprising these polymers, blends, mixtures or formulations.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule

Abstract

The present invention provides soluble, stable singlet fission (SF) compounds, compositions, materials, methods of their use, and methods for their preparation that provide efficient intramolecular singlet fission (iSF) and multiple excitons. The SF compound may be a dimer, an oligomer, or a polymer of polyoligoacenes, where for example, the compound achieves a triplet yield reaching about 200% per absorbed photon. In this system, SF does not depend on intermolecular inter-actions. Instead, SF is an intrinsic property of the molecule and therefore occurs independent of intermolecular interactions. Singlet fission has the potential to significantly improve the photocurrent in single junction solar cells and thus raise the Shockley-Queisser power conversion efficiency limit from about 33% to about 46% or greater. Quantitative SF yield at room temperature has only been observed in crystalline solids or aggregates of higher acenes.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 13/573 - Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with three condensed rings with three six-membered rings
• C07C 15/20 - Polycyclic condensed hydrocarbons
• C07C 15/28 - Anthracenes

Abstract

Technologies are described for apparatus, methods and systems effective for filtering. The filters may comprise a first plate. The first plate may include an x-ray absorbing material and walls defining first slits. The first slits may include arc shaped openings through the first plate. The walls of the first plate may be configured to absorb at least some of first x-rays when the first x-rays are incident on the x-ray absorbing material, and to output second x-rays. The filters may comprise a second plate spaced from the first plate. The second plate may include the x-ray absorbing material and walls defining second slits. The second slits may include arc shaped openings through the second plate. The walls of the second plate may be configured to absorb at least some of second x-rays and to output third x-rays.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 23/203 - Measuring back scattering
• G21K 1/10 - Scattering devicesAbsorbing devices
• G01N 23/20 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structureInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materialsInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using reflection of the radiation by the materials

Abstract

An Active Water Phantom is designed to provide fast, accurate, high resolution, complete Quality Assurance of patient-specific treatment plans utilizing intensity-modulated Ion Beam Therapy, prior to their delivery to the patient. The detection medium is a tissue-equivalent water-based liquid scintillator material. A three-dimensional pattern of scintillation light, emitted upon ion beam irradiation, is reconstructed from three orthogonal two-dimensional light yield profiles, which are read out for each individual beam energy layer. The 3-D information has dose measurement accuracy 1-2% and spatial resolution 1-2 millimeters. The measurement sequence provides up to four orders of magnitude more data characterizing the treatment plan than currently commercially available alternatives, all in a time period no greater than that needed for actual delivery of the dose fraction to a patient. The system provides sophisticated control and readout of the cameras or photo-detectors, data archiving and analysis, simulation capabilities, and 3-D dose image reconstruction and visualization.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 5/00 - Radiation therapy
• G01T 1/16 - Measuring radiation intensity

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective for etching nanostructures in a substrate. The methods may comprise depositing a patterned block copolymer on the substrate. The methods may comprise applying a precursor to the patterned block copolymer to generate an infiltrated block copolymer. The precursor may infiltrate into the first polymer block domain and generate a material. The methods may comprise applying a removal agent effective to remove the polymer block domains to the infiltrated block copolymer to generate a pattern of the material. The methods may comprise etching the substrate. The pattern of the material may mask the substrate to pattern the etching. The etching may be performed under conditions to produce nanostructures in the substrate. The methods may comprise removing the pattern of the material and coating the nanostructures and the surface of the substrate with a hydrophobic coating.

IPC Classes  ?

• B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
• H01L 21/027 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or
• G03F 7/40 - Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• G02B 1/118 - Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
• H01L 21/033 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or comprising inorganic layers
• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching
• H01L 21/308 - Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks
• G02B 1/18 - Coatings for keeping optical surfaces clean, e.g. hydrophobic or photo-catalytic films

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems effective for etching nanostructures in a substrate. The methods may comprise depositing a patterned block copolymer on the substrate. The patterned block copolymer may include first and second polymer block domains. The methods may comprise applying a precursor to the patterned block copolymer to generate an infiltrated block copolymer. The precursor may infiltrate into the first polymer block domain and generate a material in the first polymer block domain. The methods may comprise applying a removal agent to the infiltrated block copolymer to generate a patterned material. The removal agent may be effective to remove the first and second polymer block domains from the substrate. The methods may comprise etching the substrate. The patterned material on the substrate may mask the substrate to pattern the etching. The etching may be performed under conditions to produce nanostructures in the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/308 - Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks
• G02B 1/118 - Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
• G03F 7/40 - Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
• H01L 21/033 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or comprising inorganic layers
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• H01L 21/027 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or
• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching

Abstract

Methods and means are provided to increase the seed oil content of Brassica plants by preventing feedback inhibition by phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) of a pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (PPi-PFK) present in cells of seeds or embryos of these plants, in various manners, including by providing feedback insensitive or less sensitive PPi-PFK.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01H 5/00 - Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant partsAngiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
• C07H 21/04 - Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with deoxyribosyl as saccharide radical
• C12N 15/05 - Plant cells
• C12N 15/11 - DNA or RNA fragmentsModified forms thereof
• C12N 15/29 - Genes encoding plant proteins, e.g. thaumatin

Abstract

In the tgd1-1 mutant that displays substantially enhanced TAG synthesis and turnover, disruption of SUGAR-DEPENDENT1 (SDP1) TAG lipase or PEROXISOMAL TRANSPORTER1 (PXA1) severely decreases FA turnover, leading to an increase in leaf TAG content up to 9% of dry weight and total leaf lipid by three-fold. The membrane lipid content and composition of tgd1-1 sdp1-4 and tgd1-1 pxa1-2 double mutants are altered and they are compromised in growth and development and fertility.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/82 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells
• C12N 5/14 - Plant cells

Abstract

Embodiments of the disclosure relate generally to methods and apparatuses for testing solar cells, and more particularly, to methods and apparatuses for field testing solar cells. The apparatus for testing solar photovoltaic modules includes a plurality of individual light diffuser wave guides, coupling lenses coupled with the plurality of individual light diffuser wave guides, LED light simulator for providing light through the plurality of individual light diffuser wave guides, air guidance system for providing conditioned air from an air conditioning unit, an air diffuser for diffusing the conditioned air to a surface of the solar photovoltaic modules, and an electronic control circuit for controlling the apparatus.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02S 50/10 - Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
• H01L 31/042 - PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
• H02S 40/20 - Optical components
• H02S 40/22 - Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means

Abstract

Technologies are described for methods and systems to generate a splice between a first and a second piece of conductor material. The methods may comprise identifying a first overlap area for the first piece on a first conductive surface. The first piece may include the first conductive surface and a first non-conductive surface. The methods may comprise identifying a second overlap area for the second piece on a second conductive surface. The second piece may include the second conductive surface and a second non-conductive surface. The methods may comprise pre-tinning the first and second overlap areas with solder to produce first and second pre-tinned areas. The methods may comprise stacking the first and second pieces so that the first and second pre-tinned areas are in contact and applying heat to the first non-conductive surface sufficient to melt the solder and generate the splice between the first and second pieces.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01B 13/02 - Stranding-up
• H01B 7/02 - Disposition of insulation
• H01B 1/08 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances oxides
• H01B 17/52 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form having cleaning devices

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel gene encoding a transporter protein trigalactosyldiacylglycerol-5 (TGD5), mutations thereof and their use to enhance TAG production and retention in plant vegetative tissue.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 15/82 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells
• C07K 14/415 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from plants

Abstract

A nano-confinement platform that may allow improved quantification of the structural order of nanometer-scale systems. Sample-holder ‘chips’ are designed for the GTSAXS experimental geometry. The platform involves fabricated nanostructured sample holders on and in one or more corners of a substrate support where the sample material of interest is positioned at the corner of the substrate support. In an embodiment, the substrate material making up the substrate support beneath the sample-holding area is removed. A scattering x-ray sample platform includes a substrate support arranged in a parallelepiped form, having a substantially flat base and a substantially flat top surface, the top surface being substantially parallel with the base, the parallelepiped having a plurality of corners. At least one corner of the substrate support has a sample holding area formed in the top surface of the substrate support and within a predetermined distance from the corner. The sample holding area includes a regular array of nano-wells formed in the top surface of the substrate support.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 23/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or
• G01N 23/20 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structureInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materialsInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
• G01N 23/201 - Measuring small-angle scattering, e.g. small angle X-ray scattering [SAXS]

Abstract

A method and apparatus for a current-output peak detector. A current-output peak detector circuit is disclosed and works in two phases. The peak detector circuit includes switches to switch the peak detector circuit from the first phase to the second phase upon detection of the peak voltage of an input voltage signal. The peak detector generates a current output with a high degree of accuracy in the second phase.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 19/04 - Measuring peak values of AC or of pulses
• H03K 5/1532 - Peak detectors
• G01R 29/08 - Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provides compounds, compositions, and methods for their preparation that provide efficient intramolecular fission, such that local order and strong nearest neighbor coupling is no longer a design constraint. Inventive materials include organic oligomers and polymers designed to exhibit strong intrachain donor-acceptor interactions and provide intramolecular singlet fission, whereby triplet populations can be generated in very high yields of, e.g., 170% or more. The inventive disclosure is directed to polymers of the general formula: [SA-SD]n with a strong electron acceptor (SA), a strong electron donor (SD), and n a positive integer equal to or greater than two; methods for their preparation and monomers used therein, blends, mixtures and formulations containing them; the use of the polymers, blends, mixtures and formulations as semiconductors in organic electronic (OE) devices, especially in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, and to OE and OPV devices comprising these polymers, blends, mixtures or formulations.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule

Abstract

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to intermetallic nanoparticles. Embodiments include nanoparticles having an intermetallic core including a first metal and a second metal. The first metal may be palladium and the second metal may be at least one of cobalt, iron, nickel, or a combination thereof. The nanoparticles may further have a shell that includes palladium and gold.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 55/00 - Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum
• C01G 51/00 - Compounds of cobalt
• C01G 53/00 - Compounds of nickel
• C01G 49/00 - Compounds of iron
• C01G 7/00 - Compounds of gold
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material

Abstract

This disclosure describes hydrophobic or super-hydrophobic compositions, such as sponges, that also are oleophilic or super-oleophilic with superior recyclability, good mechanical strength, low cost, and manufacture scalability. The hydrophobic or super-hydrophobic compositions include the reaction product of at least a substrate having a reacting group which reacts with a silane and an alkylsilane or a fluoroalkylsilane having an alkyl group comprised of a hydrocarbon, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, or a fluorohydrocarbon of 1 to about 30 carbon atoms.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• E02B 15/04 - Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials

Abstract

Thin-film photovoltaic devices and methods of their use and manufacture are disclosed. More particularly, polycrystalline CuIn(1-X)GaxSe2 (CIGS) based thin-film photovoltaic devices having independently tunable sublayers are disclosed. Also provided are methods of producing an n-doped graphene.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices

Abstract

A post-activation anode and a cathode containing a cathode additive that forms a conducting metal sulfide following activation of the cell of a battery cell system. The cathode additive may provide excess lithium to the anode and may compensate for lithium loss during the formation of a solid electrolyte interface upon contact between the deposited lithium and the electrolyte at the anode.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/052 - Li-accumulators
• H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates

Abstract

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries. The cathode active material may include particles of at least one ternary metal compound. The ternary metal has a formula M1yM21_yAX where M1 and M2 are different and may be Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and/or Ni. A may be CI, F, N, O, or S, y may be any number between about 0.05 and about 0.95, and x may be any number between about 0.5 and about 4.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/38 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
• H01M 4/48 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
• H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
• H01M 4/13 - Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulatorsProcesses of manufacture thereof
• H01M 10/052 - Li-accumulators