Abstract

An apparatus for generating a mist and/or foam is provided. The apparatus comprises at least one first fluid supply passage (60a, 60b) having an inlet in fluid communication with a first fluid supply and a first fluid outlet; at least one second fluid supply passage (66) having an inlet in fluid communication with a second fluid supply and a second fluid outlet; and a nozzle (72) in fluid communication with the first and second fluid outlets, the nozzle (72) having a nozzle inlet (74), a nozzle outlet (78), and a nozzle throat (76) intermediate the nozzle inlet (74) and nozzle outlet (78), the nozzle throat (76) having a cross sectional area which is less than that of both the nozzle inlet (74) and nozzle outlet (78); and wherein the second fluid outlet includes a porous member (100) through which the second fluid must flow.

IPC Classes  ?

• A62C 31/12 - Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomized foam
• A62C 5/00 - Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
• A62C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Abstract

A spray gun (3) is provided, which comprises an twin fluid atomising nozzle (50) which atomises a process fluid by interaction with a driving fluid. The nozzle (50) including a driving fluid passage having a driving fluid inlet, a driving fluid outlet, and a throat portion intermediate the driving fluid inlet and driving fluid outlet. The throat portion has a cross sectional area which is less than that of both the driving fluid inlet and the driving fluid outlet. The nozzle (50) also includes a process fluid outlet located at, or downstream of, the driving fluid throat. The spray gun (3) further comprises a flow adjustment device (70) connectable to supplies of the driving and process fluids. The flow adjustment device (70) is adapted to selectively vary the ratio of process fluid to driving fluid supplied to the nozzle (50). A mist-generating apparatus incorporating this spray gun (3) is also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 1/16 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openingsNozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with strainers in or outside the outlet opening having selectively-effective outlets
• B05B 7/00 - Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
• B05B 7/04 - Spray pistolsApparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
• B05B 7/12 - Spray pistolsApparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
• B05B 7/24 - Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
• B05B 12/00 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area

Abstract

The present invention relates to desalination, specifically to use a breaking jet flash vaporisation injection for desalination, especially Multiple-Effect Distillation (MED) desalination, and an apparatus and a method for such desalination. In one embodiment an apparatus comprises a MED desalination plant; and a fluid mover for moving and treating working fluid with a transport fluid, providing a breaking jet flash vaporisation, wherein the fluid mover is arranged to provide working fluid in to chambers of the MED desalination plant. One embodiment discloses a method of desalination according to a MED process, comprising the steps of heating a saline working fluid; moving the working fluid with a fluid mover using a transport fluid for providing a breaking jet flash vaporisation fluid in to a MED chamber on to an evaporator surface; and separating saline droplets from the working fluid vapour. One embodiment discloses the use of a fluid mover for moving saline working fluid by the use of a transport fluid to create a breaking jet flash vaporisation in a desalination system. Preferably the desalination system may be a MED system. One embodiment comprises the use of a Thermal Fluid Compression (TFC) of the created vapour of the MED system by mixing it with a low volume fraction saturated steam and using it as the transport fluid for the next MED chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• F04F 5/54 - Installations characterised by use of jet pumps, e.g. combinations of two or more jet pumps of different type
• F04F 5/02 - Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which fluid flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
• B01F 5/04 - Injector mixers
• F04F 5/24 - Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which fluid flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing liquids, e.g. containing solids, or liquids and elastic fluids
• F04F 5/42 - Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which fluid flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow characterised by the input flow of inducing fluid medium being radial or tangential to output flow
• C02F 103/08 - Seawater, e.g. for desalination
• C02F 1/08 - Thin film evaporation