An apparatus configured to train a model in a communications network using federated learning, the apparatus comprising means for: selecting at least two further apparatus for training a local model; further selecting a substitute apparatus for at least one of the at least two selected further apparatus; and configuring each of the at least two further apparatus for training the local model and configuring the substitute apparatus for the at least one of the two selected further apparatus for training the local model; receiving a local training result from at least one of the at least two further apparatus and a local training result from the substitute apparatus for the at least one of the two selected further apparatus; and combining the local training results to generate aggregated training results for the model.
An apparatus comprising means for:
providing an audio intelligibility mode or audio accessibility mode in which a ratio of indirect audio to direct audio for an audio source is reduced compared to another mode on a per audio source basis
wherein
a priority audio source is rendered:
with a first reduction in the ratio of indirect audio to direct audio, if it is a speech audio source; and
with a second reduction, or no reduction, in the ratio of indirect audio to direct audio, if it is not a speech audio source, wherein the second reduction is less than the first reduction.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for periodic data collection for LCM functions and LCM signaling to allow UE to perform model-based and/or functionality-based LCM. One method may include a UE transmitting, to a network entity, at least one discontinuous reception, DRX, and life cycle management, LCM, monitoring configuration signaling request; receiving, in response to the at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling request, at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling response from the network entity; prioritizing, based on the at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling response, at least one of a DRX functionality or a machine learning, ML, functionality; and transmitting, to the network entity, a DRX and LCM monitoring status report.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for periodic data collection for LCM functions and LCM signaling to allow UE to perform model-based and/or functionality-based LCM. One method may include a UE transmitting, to a network entity, at least one discontinuous reception, DRX, and life cycle management, LCM, monitoring configuration signaling request; receiving, in response to the at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling request, at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling response from the network entity; prioritizing, based on the at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling response, at least one of a DRX functionality or a machine learning functionality; transmitting, to the network entity, a DRX and LCM monitoring action request, wherein the action request comprises a condition verification outcome report; and receiving a DRX and LCM monitoring action acknowledgement from the network entity.
One embodiment is directed to a method comprising generating at least one symbol of a subframe for control information based on a first subcarrier spacing; generating at least one data symbol of the subframe based on a second subcarrier spacing; and transmitting the subframe comprising the at least one symbol for control information and at least one data symbol. Another embodiment is directed to a method comprising receiving a subframe comprising at least one symbol for control information and at least one data symbol; decoding the at least one symbol for control information based on a first subcarrier spacing; and obtaining from the decoded at least one symbol information regarding a second subcarrier spacing used on the at least one data symbol.
H04W 72/232 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal the control data signalling from the physical layer, e.g. DCI signalling
6.
METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING SIDELINK POSITIONING SYNCHRONIZATION SOURCES
A terminal device including at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the terminal device at least to: receive, from a plurality of supporting terminal devices, information indicative of corresponding sidelink synchronization sources to which each of the plurality of supporting terminal devices is synchronized; and obtain a position of the terminal device, which is based on the indicated information of the corresponding sidelink synchronization sources.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to selecting random access (RA) mode. In example embodiments, The method comprises obtaining an impact factor associated with RA of a terminal device to a network device, the impact factor indicating at least one of the following: a synchronization status between the terminal device and the network device, a status of a channel between the terminal device and the network device for performing RA, a capability of the terminal device for supporting early data transmission (EDT), a predefined access category of the terminal device, or a RA mode-related indication received from the network device; selecting a RA mode at least in part based on obtained impact factor; and performing RA to the network device with the selected RA mode. In this way, the terminal device may select different RA mode according to different scenario.
The document relates to an apparatus comprising: means for receiving, from a base station, a request to receive user equipment capability information indicating whether the user equipment supports machine learning models for managing channel state information feedback; and means for transmitting, to the base station, user equipment capability information indicating the user equipment supports machine learning models for managing channel state information feedback.
An apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive as input to a machine learning model a sequence of past serving locations of a user equipment; determine, using the machine learning model, a vector of confidences for predicted next locations of the user equipment; create at least one fork for at least one predicted next location of the predicted next locations having a confidence that exceeds a forking threshold; and determine iteratively a plurality of next locations of the user equipment, using as input the at least one predicted next location having the confidence that exceeds the forking threshold.
H04W 36/32 - Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
H04W 4/029 - Location-based management or tracking services
An apparatus may be configured to: receive a plurality of downlink resources, wherein the plurality of downlink resources are respectively associated with respective ones of a plurality of transmission and reception points of a network; determine a set of respective timing offset values, wherein respective ones of the determined set of respective timing offset values are associated with different respective ones of the plurality of downlink resources; generate a report based, at least partially, on the determined set of respective timing offset values; transmit the report to the network; and receive one or more timing advance values in response to the transmitted report.
Various embodiments provide methods, apparatuses, and computer program products. An example apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: using a codec for coding an input to a first bitrate and/or a first reconstruction quality; using the codec for coding the input to a second bitrate and/or a second reconstruction quality; wherein the first bitrate is different from the second bitrate; and/or wherein the first reconstruction quality is different from the second reconstruction quality.
H04N 19/42 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation
A method comprising: receiving an image block unit of a frame, the image block unit comprising samples in color channels comprising at least one chrominance channel and one luminance channel; reconstructing samples of said luminance channel of the image block unit; determining a reference area for predicting target samples of at least one color channel of the image block unit, wherein said reference area comprises one or more reference samples in a neighboring block in current color channel/frame, in the neighboring of a co-located block in reference color channel/frame; and/or inside the co-located block in reference color channel/frame; determining weights for predicting said target samples based on a ratio between a normalized luminance histogram in said reference area and a normalized luminance histogram co-locating said target samples; determining filter coefficients of a filter for said predicting based on the weights, the reference samples and a shape of the filter; and predicting samples of at least one color channel of the image block unit based on the samples of said luminance channel and the filter coefficients.
H04N 19/593 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
H04N 19/105 - Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
H04N 19/132 - Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
H04N 19/176 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
H04N 19/186 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a colour or a chrominance component
13.
EVENT-BASED REINFORCEMENT LEARNING FOR RRM PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION
According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus for performing the following. The apparatus transmits, to a network entity, a configuration request requesting configuration of one or more reinforcement learning, RL, strategies for an RL model. The apparatus receives, from the network entity, at least one configuration message comprising the one or more RL strategies which comprise one or more RL event conditions for entering and/or exiting exploration and/or exploitation events. The apparatus performs exploration and/or exploitation using the RL model for determining one or more radio resource management parameters of the apparatus based on one or more radio measurement metrics. The apparatus evaluates the one or more RL event conditions. Based on the results of the evaluating, the apparatus performs triggering the exploration or exploitation event and/or exiting the exploration or the exploitation event.
According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus for performing the following. The apparatus transmits, to a network entity, a configuration request requesting configuration of one or more reinforcement learning, RL, strategies for an RL model. The apparatus receives, from the network entity, at least one configuration message comprising the one or more RL strategies which comprise one or more RL event conditions for entering and/or exiting exploration and/or exploitation events. The apparatus performs exploration and/or exploitation using the RL model. The apparatus evaluates the one or more RL event conditions and transmits, to the network entity, an evaluation report comprising results of the evaluating. The apparatus receives, from the network entity, a positive or negative acknowledgement. Based on the reception of the positive acknowledgment and the results, the apparatus performs triggering an exploration or exploitation event and/or exiting an exploration or the exploitation event.
There are provided measures for improved control information provision. Such measures exemplarily comprise obtaining mapping information, repeating control information mapped to a first control information dedicated codeblock and/or a first control information dedicated codeblock group into at least one second control information dedicated codeblock and/or at least one second control information dedicated codeblock group based on said mapping information, and transmitting at least one of said first control information dedicated codeblock and/or said first control information dedicated codeblock group and said at least one second control information dedicated codeblock and/or said at least one second control information dedicated codeblock groups.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for enhancement of transmission configuration indication state switching requirements. One method may include a UE predicting at least one beam associated with a TCI state; transmitting, to a network element, information indicating the at least one predicted beam; receiving a TCI state switch command indicating a target TCI state corresponding to one of the at least one predicted beams; and determining whether the target TCI state is known based on a condition for the at least one predicted beam.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
A method is provided that includes receiving a request for information regarding relative user equipment (UE) performance for one or more UEs. The method includes collecting one or more UE performance measurements for the one or more UEs based on the request. The method includes performing an evaluation in which the one or more UE performance measurements are compared to a UE performance reference value to determine the relative UE performance for the one or more UEs. And the method includes reporting the relative UE performance for at least one of the one or more UEs based on the evaluation. A corresponding apparatus is also provided.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for periodic data collection for LCM functions and LCM signaling to allow UE to perform model- based and/or functionality-based LCM. One method may include a UE transmitting, to a network entity, at least one discontinuous reception, DRX, and life cycle management, LCM, monitoring configuration signaling request; receiving, in response to the at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling request, at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling response from the network entity; prioritizing, based on the at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling response, at least one of a DRX functionality or a machine learning, ML, functionality; and transmitting, to the network entity, a DRX and LCM monitoring status report.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for periodic data collection for LCM functions and LCM signaling to allow UE to perform model-based and/or functionality-based LCM. One method may include a UE transmitting, to a network entity, at least one discontinuous reception, DRX, and life cycle management, LCM, monitoring configuration signaling request; receiving, in response to the at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling request, at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling response from the network entity; prioritizing, based on the at least one DRX and LCM monitoring configuration signaling response, at least one of a DRX functionality or a machine learning functionality; transmitting, to the network entity, a DRX and LCM monitoring action request, wherein the action request comprises a condition verification outcome report; and receiving a DRX and LCM monitoring action acknowledgement from the network entity.
A method includes receiving by a device, capable of maintaining at least one of receiver phase coherence or amplitude coherence of one or more received signals in one or more time units, from a network node, a configuration of reference signal resources, receiving reference signals via the configured reference signal resources, acquiring, based on measurements on the reference signals, downlink channel state information (CSI) associated with antenna ports of the configured reference signal resources over the one or more time units, while maintaining at least one of the receiver phase coherence or the amplitude coherence over the one or more time units.
In some example embodiment, there may be provided an apparatus configured to at least receive or generate an indication indicative of two flows including a first flow and a second flow, the two flows carrying data from a first user equipment via a cellular network to a second user equipment. Related system, methods, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.
H04L 47/283 - Flow controlCongestion control in relation to timing considerations in response to processing delays, e.g. caused by jitter or round trip time [RTT]
H04W 28/02 - Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
22.
SECURITY IN A DISTRIBUTED NAS TERMINATIONS ARCHITECTURE
Various embodiments provide methods and apparatus for security in a distributed NAS terminations architecture. In an embodiment, a method performed by a terminal device comprises: generating an anchor key; receiving an anchor key identifier for the anchor key; deriving a set of non-access stratum, NAS, parent keys based on the anchor key, a subscription identifier and NAS indicators indicating different NAS procedures; and obtaining, for each of the set of NAS parent keys, a NAS parent key identifier.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to power headroom in dual connectivity. A terminal device obtains a power headroom, PH, corresponding to a serving cell in a first cell group, CG, based on combined transmission power of multiple physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, transmissions in the serving cell. Then, the terminal device transmits a PH report, PHR, comprising information of the obtained PH to a second CG. In this way, the actual power status for serving cells configured with multiple transmissions in a cell group and reception points, TRPs, can be reported to another cell group configured without two-PHR mode.
H04W 52/36 - Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
H04W 72/21 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to rate control configuration and adaptation. A first device transmits, to a second device, a service request comprising a group of requested service parameters and a plurality of alternative service requirements in a prioritized order, each alternative service requirement comprising at least one long time-scale rate control requirement and at least one short time-scale rate control requirement associated with a flow description; and receives, from the second device, a report of QoS notification by a fourth device based on a requested QoS profile and at least one alternative QoS profile corresponding to the group of the requested service parameters and the plurality of alternative service requirements. In this way, an aligned rate control configuration and adaptation can be achieved between applications and 5GS, which considers both long time-scale and short time-scale rate control requirements.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to QoE measurement reporting. A terminal device receives, from a first network device, a message indicative of pausing QoE reporting to the first network device. Then the terminal device transmits, to the first network device, a message for requesting a SRB configuration with a second network device. Next, the terminal device transmits, to the second network device. QoE measurement result based on the received SRB configuration. Thus, timely and effective QoE measurement reporting mechanism is provided.
An apparatus may be configured to: receive, from a network node, synchronization signal block, SSB, presence information; receive, from the network node, information related to time division duplexing, TDD, pattern configuration; determine a presence of SBB in one or more specific time locations based on the received SSB presence information and the information related to the TDD pattern configuration; and perform at least one measurement based on the determined presence of SSB in the one or more specific time locations.
Example embodiments of the subject disclosure relate to resource reservation for a positioning reference signal. A first device obtains a configuration indicating a resource for a positioning reference signal. The positioning reference signal is used to position a second device in a first area. The first device selects a set of third devices from a plurality of third devices in the first area. The first device transmits the configuration to the set of third devices for reserving the resource.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to supporting API prefix in callback URI. A first first device is provided comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions. The at least one memory and the instructions are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the first device at least to: receive, from a second device, a service request message, wherein the service request message comprises a first callback Uniform Resource Identifier, URI, with a first Application Programming Interface, API, prefix; in response to determining that the second device is not reachable, send, to a third device, a discovery request for discovering a further second device instance; receive, from the third device, a discovery response; determine a second callback URI based on the discovery response; and send to the further second device instance a callback request message based on the second callback URI.
There is provided a method, apparatus, and computer program for an application function, that causes the application function to signal, to a first network function, an indication of a first number of data flows and/or of user equipment whose communications are to be jointly handled, an identifier of said first number of data flows that are to be jointly handled, an indicator that joint handling is to be performed for the first number of data flows and/or of user equipment, and said first number of data flows and/or user equipment for which resources are to be configured.
An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that when executed by the at least one processor cause the apparatus at least to perform: receiving, at a user equipment from a network node, a measurement validity configuration specifying radio interface measurement characteristics required to be met by the user equipment to obtain valid measurements; and determining, at the user equipment, whether radio interface measurements made by the user equipment meet the measurement validity configuration and, if so, providing an indication to the network node that valid measurements have been obtained.
An apparatus comprising means for: sending a request for a service to a network, the request for a service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; receiving, from the network, a response to the request, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, sending, to the network, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to energy consumption optimization. In an aspect, a first device (for example, a terminal device) receives, from a second device (for example, a network device), a set of power saving configurations to be applied at a set of energy levels of the first device. Each of the set of power saving configurations indicates at least one operation to be performed by the first device at a corresponding energy level of the set of energy levels. The first device determines an energy level of the first device, and determines, based on the determined energy level, a power saving configuration among the set of power saving configurations. Moreover, the first device performs at least one operation indicated by the determined power saving configuration. Performing the at least one operation comprises one or more of the following: monitoring and/or responding to a request message, skipping monitoring and/or responding to a request message, performing a measurement, skipping performing a measurement, or transmitting data to the second device.
According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus for performing the following. The apparatus maintains, in the at least one memory, a reinforcement learning, RL, model trained to determine one or more radio resource management, RRM, parameters of the apparatus based on one or more radio measurement metrics. The apparatus receives, from a network entity, at least one configuration message comprising one or more RL strategies. The one or more RL strategies comprise at least one of: one or more RL event triggering conditions for triggering an event of the RL model, or one or more RL event exit conditions for exiting an event of the RL model. The apparatus carries out optimization of the one or more RRM parameters using the RL model according to the one or more RL strategies.
Devices, methods and computer programs for adaptation of channel state information reference signal related processing in wireless networks are disclosed. At least some example embodiments may allow defining rules for a channel state information (CSI) processing unit CPU (CPU) occupancy for CSI reporting with a high number of antenna ports.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
35.
ADAPTATION OF CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION REFERENCE SIGNAL RELATED PROCESSING IN WIRELESS NETWORKS, AND RELATED DEVICES, METHODS AND COMPUTER PROGRAMS
Devices, methods and computer programs for adaptation of channel state information reference signal related processing in wireless networks are disclosed. At least some example embodiments may allow defining rules for a channel state information (CSI) processing unit CPU (CPU) occupancy for CSI reporting with a high number of antenna ports.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
There are provided measures for improved control information provision. Such measures exemplarily comprise obtaining mapping information, obtaining control information to be uplink transmitted, mapping said control information to at least one control information dedicated codeblock and/or at least one control information dedicated codeblock group based on said mapping information, and transmitting said at least one control information dedicated codeblock and/or at least one control information dedicated codeblock group.
A terminal device is disclosed The terminal device comprises means for performing: receiving, from an application function via establishing an application session with the application function, information associated with accessing the application function; and providing, to a control plane network entity of a serving network of the terminal device, the information associated with accessing the application function; wherein the application function is in an untrusted network separated from the serving network of the terminal device; and wherein the information associated with accessing the application function comprises an identifier of an interface of the application function.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for extended capability for transmission switching. In a method, a first device transmits, to a second device, at least one indication of capability for transmission switching across a plurality of bands. The at least one indication is related to at least frequency of the transmission switching allowed by the first device. The first device receives, from the second device, a configuration for the transmission switching.
Various techniques are provided for a method including triggering, by a user equipment (UE), a resource block (RB) offset allocation determination, detecting, by the UE, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) in a received synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB), reading, by the UE, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) parameter and a signaled offset from a master information block of a PBCH of the SSB, determining, by the UE, an RB offset based on the PBCH parameter and the signaled offset, and determining, by the UE, a control resource set frequency location based on the RB offset.
There is provided an apparatus for rendering an audio scene to be consumed by a listener in a physical space, the apparatus including circuitry configured to: obtain at least one information to render the audio scene with at least one audio signal according to the at least one information; obtain play-area information, the play-area information including information about a region within the physical space and within which the listener is allowed to physically move within, the play-area information including at least one of: geometry; position; orientation; and coordinate system; generate an audio rendering using the at least one audio signal in accordance with the play-area information; and obtain a rendering control parameter based on the play-area information, wherein the rendering control parameter is configured to update the audio rendering.
H04S 7/00 - Indicating arrangementsControl arrangements, e.g. balance control
H04S 5/00 - Pseudo-stereo systems, e.g. in which additional channel signals are derived from monophonic signals by means of phase shifting, time delay or reverberation
41.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING SCELL ACTIVATION DELAY REDUCTION WITH ON-DEMAND SSB
Methods, apparatus and computer-readable medium are disclosed for facilitating reduction of SCell activation delay with on-demand SSB. In an embodiment, there is provided a method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises receiving, from a network node operable to provide a first cell as a primary cell and at least one second cell as a SCell, a first message for configuring a second cell. The method further comprises receiving, based on the first message, a first OD-SSB transmission in the second cell for at least a time period.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for low importance data discard. In a method, a first apparatus, in accordance with a determination that a discarding condition is met, identifies a first data unit that arrived in a buffer before a second data unit and is associated with a first discarding timer that is running. The first data unit is of a first importance and the second data unit is of a second importance higher than the first importance. The first apparatus then discards the first data unit from the buffer before the first discarding timer expires.
An apparatus may be configured to receive, from a network element, information to be used for masking an indication of user equipment type information of the user equipment; encode the indication of the user type information using masked bits based on the received information; transmit, to an access node, an initial access request message comprising the masked bits; and receive, from the access node, an initial access response message comprising an indication of a radio resource control, RRC, profile assigned by the access node to the user equipment based on the user type information indicated by the masked bits.
Methods for wireless communication including the steps of: determining by a user equipment (UE) in an area that at least one configuration condition is met, for preparing for an operation mode switch that is scheduled to occur at a non-terrestrial network node (NTN); and performing a procedure to adapt the UE to the operation mode switch that is scheduled to occur at the NTN Another method includes: signaling to, at least one UE in an area served by the non- terrestrial network (NTN) node, at least one configuration condition to cause the at least UE to perform a procedure to prepare for an operation mode switch in the NTN node that is scheduled to serve in the area, wherein the NTN node performs steps including one of: switching from a normal mode to a store and forward (S&F) mode, or switching from the S&F mode to the normal mode.
Methods for wireless communication including the steps of: determining by a user equipment (UE) in an area that at least one configuration condition is met, for preparing for an operation mode switch that is scheduled to occur at a non-terrestrial network node (NTN); and performing a procedure to adapt the UE to the operation mode switch that is scheduled to occur at the NTN, wherein the non-terrestrial network node operation mode switches from a normal operation mode to a store and forward mode, while the user equipment has a new procedure to be initiated, to perform one or a combination of: disabling to initiate the new procedure for delay-sensitive data delivery, or initiating the new procedure for delay-tolerant data delivery using a store and forward (S&F) operation mode related configuration when the configured condition is met before the non-terrestrial network node changes to the S&F operation mode.
Examples of the disclosure relate to migration of control of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) between respective network nodes. In examples of the disclosure a source network node establishes a connection with a reconfigurable intelligent surface – mobile terminal (RIS-MT) of a RIS panel and controls the RIS panel by sending a configuration to the RIS-MT. The configuration enables enhancement of signals between the source network node and one or more user equipments (UEs) connected to a cell of the source network node. The source network node determines that control of the RIS-MT is passed to or is to be passed to a target network node and sends a request to the target network node for a permission for the source network node to provide a configuration to the RIS-MT via the target network node. The source network node receives a response to the request and determines whether to send the configuration to the RIS-MT via the target network node in accordance with the received response.
H04B 7/04 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
There is provided a method, computer program, and apparatus for causing the following to be performed: obtaining, from a network access node, signalling comprising an indication of at least one multi-transmission and reception point, mTRP, configuration information associated with at least one reference signal location information; and determining at least one time-frequency resource associated with at least one transmission and reception point, TRP, comprised in the mTRP configuration based on the at least one reference signal location information.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus configured to search for downlink control information, DCI, elements of at least one two-part DCI in at least one search space, determine whether a first DCI element found in the at least one search space is a first or second part of a two-part DCI from among the at least one two-part DCI, and combine the first DCI element with a second DCI element found in the at least one search space to obtain a received DCI and use the received DCI in communication with a network.
An apparatus comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory for storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: determine an input change event related to a change of power in a received signal at a user equipment capable of using a prediction functionality for predicting a communication state, determine whether a modification of the configuration of the prediction functionality is required, based at least in part on the determination of the input change event, and in response to a determination that the modification is required, instruct the user equipment to modify the configuration of the prediction functionality.
A method of a user equipment (UE) having a usage setting set to voice centric, includes sending a registration request to a network associated with an access technology comprising one of terrestrial next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) and satellite-based NG-RAN, receiving a response to the request, the response comprising information that internet protocol multimedia system (IMS) voice over packet switching (PS) session is not available in N1 mode for the access technology associated with the network, storing an identification of the network in first information including identifications of networks, which first information is associated with the access technology comprising the one of the terrestrial NG-RAN and the satellite NG-RAN, and selecting, as a candidate network for sending a further registration request to, a further network and associated access technology, other than the networks associated with the access technology identified in the first information stored.
A method of a user equipment having a usage setting set to voice centric, includes sending a registration request to a network associated with an access technology comprising a terrestrial next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) or satellite-based NG-RAN, receiving a response to the request, the response comprising information that internet protocol multimedia system (IMS) voice over packet switching (PS) session is not available, based on the response comprising information that internet protocol multimedia system (IMS) voice over packet switching (PS) session is not available, storing an identification of the network in association with an indication of the access technology for which IMS voice over PS session is not available, in information identifying networks with associated access technologies for which IMS voice over PS session is not available, and selecting, as a candidate network for sending a further registration request to, a further network and associated access technology, other than networks with associated access technologies identified in the information stored.
A user equipment (UE) having a usage setting set to voice centric that is configured to perform: sending a request to register the UE with a network associated with an access technology comprising one of terrestrial radio access network (RAN) and satellite-based RAN, receiving a response to the request and, based on information in the response, determining that a voice service of the network is not available; storing an identification of the network in association with an indication of the access technology associated with the network for which voice service of the network is not available, in information identifying networks with associated access technologies for which the voice service is not available; and selecting a candidate network for sending a further request to register the user equipment, the candidate network with associated access technology other than the networks with associated access technologies identified in the information stored.
Examples of the disclosure relate to flexibility of measurement gap control. A network node configures a user equipment (UE) with a measurement window. The measurement window defining multiple measurement gap occasions where the measurement gap occasions are aligned with synchronization signal block measurement timing configuration (SMTC) positions. The network node ensures that a configured number of the measurement gap occasions within the measurement window will be available for measurements. The network node determines if data has been scheduled on a threshold number of measurement gap occasions within the measurement window and determines whether to schedule data during a measurement gap occasion based, at least in part, on the determination of whether data has been scheduled on a threshold number of measurement gap occasions within the measurement window.
An apparatus comprising means for: receiving, at a user equipment, UE, from an access node, at least one condition, wherein the at least one condition comprises radio resource management, RRM, relaxation condition; modifying at least one of the at least one conditions to provide at least one modified condition based, at least in part, on at least one characteristic of the UE; and performing at least one action if the at least one modified condition has been met, wherein performing at least one action comprises starting or stopping relaxing RRM measurements.
The present disclosure relates to performing exchanging a configuration enabling partial skipping and partial resuming of RRM measurements, transmitting a first indication of partial skipping and partial resuming of RRM measurements capability, receiving a second indication to skip RRM measurements in relation to one or more fractional gaps within a plurality of fractional gaps comprised in a subsequent measurement occasion, receiving a first scheduling indication, receiving first data corresponding to the first scheduling indication, transmitting a first HARQ response corresponding to the first data, receiving a third indication to resume RRM measurements in relation to at least one fractional gap within the one or more fractional gaps, receiving a second scheduling indication, receiving second data corresponding to the second scheduling indication, transmitting a second HARQ response corresponding to the second data, and performing, in response to at least one criterion being satisfied, RRM measurements in relation to the at least one fractional gap.
The present disclosure relates to performing exchanging a configuration enabling resuming of RRM measurements, wherein the configuration comprises a first time period and an ordinal number, transmitting a first indication of RRM measurements resuming capability with multiple measurement occasions, receiving a second indication to skip RRM measurements on a first set of subsequent measurement occasion comprising a first number of measurement occasions, receiving a first scheduling indication, receiving first data corresponding to the first scheduling indication, transmitting a first HARQ response corresponding to the first data, receiving a third indication to resume RRM measurements on a second set of subsequent measurement occasions comprising the first number of measurement occasions, receiving a second scheduling indication, receiving second data corresponding to the second scheduling indication, transmitting a second HARQ response corresponding to the second data, and performing, in response to at least one criterion being satisfied, RRM measurements within the second set of subsequent measurement occasions starting from an initial measurement occasion indicated by the ordinal number from measurement occasions within the second set of subsequent measurement occasions occurring at least the first time period after a pre-determined event.
The present disclosure relates to an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: Exchanging a configuration enabling resuming of RRM measurements. Transmitting a first indication of RRM measurements resuming capability. Receiving a second indication to skip RRM measurements on at least one subsequent measurement occasion. Receiving a first scheduling indication. Receiving first data corresponding to the first scheduling indication. Transmitting a first HARQ response corresponding to the first data. Receiving a third indication to resume RRM measurements on the at least one subsequent measurement occasion. Receiving a second scheduling indication. Receiving second data corresponding to the second scheduling indication. Transmitting a second HARQ response corresponding to the second data. Performing, in response to at least one criterion being satisfied, RRM measurements on the subsequent measurement occasion.
A method comprising receiving, from a network device, a first reference signal in a first synchronization part of a first synchronization block, wherein the first synchronization block comprises at least two non-consecutive synchronization parts; determining at least one of: a first index of the first synchronization part, or a first index of the first synchronization block; and performing channel estimation based, at least partially, on at least one of: the received first reference signal, the first index of the first synchronization part, or the first index of the first synchronization block.
In accordance with example embodiments of the invention there is at least a method and apparatus to perform receiving from a second apparatus of a communication network information comprising a test command to enable or activate at least one of a training or inference test mode for conformance testing of a machine learning model or functionality based beam management use case during the at least one of a training or inference phase; based on the information, communicating an acknowledgement message with the second apparatus confirming an activation of the at least one of a training or inference test mode for the at least one of a training or inference phase; wherein the activation is using a configuration to perform the at least one of a training or inference validation of the machine learning model or functionality of the first apparatus using a testing dataset during the conformance testing. Further, to perform sending towards a second apparatus of a communication network information comprising a test command to enable or activate at least one of a training or inference test mode at the second apparatus for conformance testing of a machine learning model or functionality based beam management use case during the at least one of a training or inference phase; and receiving from the second apparatus of the communication network information comprising an acknowledgement message confirming an activation of the at least one of a training or inference test mode for the at least one of a training or inference phase, wherein the activation is using a configuration to perform the at least one of a training or inference validation of the machine learning model or functionality of the first apparatus using a testing dataset during the conformance testing
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus or method for receiving a configuration for event based beam reporting; receiving a configuration activation of one or more TCI states; receiving an indication designating an activated TCI as a current indicated TCI state; determining that a quasi co located (QCL) source reference signal (RS) of the current indicated TCI state is a tracking reference signal (TRS); determining whether the TRS is a QCL source RS for more than one channel state information RSs (CSI-RSs); and in response to determining that the TRS is a QCL source RS for more than one CSI-RSs, selecting a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block (SSB) that is a QCL source RS for the TRS as RS for measurement for event based beam reporting.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to coping with consistent listen-before-talk (LBT) failure. A first terminal device may determine that a consistent listen-before-talk, LBT, failure on a set of sidelink resources is detected; and transmit, to at least one of a second terminal device or a network device, information related to the consistent LBT failure. In this way, reliability of sidelink communication may be improved even in consistent LBT failure situations.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of bearer handling during Mobile Terminated Small Data Transmission (MT-SDT). The method comprises determining that data not belonging to MT-SDT bearer is available during an MT-SDT procedure or data belonging to a MT-SDT bearer is available during a Mobile Oriented Small Data Transmission (MO-SDT) procedure; and based on the determining, perform at least one of: transmitting an indication of presence of the data to a network device, or resuming the non-MT-SDT bearer during the MT-SDT procedure or the MT-SDT bearer during the MO-SDT procedure, or transmitting data not belonging to MT-SDT bearer after the MT-SDT procedure is completed or data belonging to MT-SDT bearer after the MO-SDT procedure is completed.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to method, device and computer readable media for communications. A first device obtains first information about a channel access procedure to be performed by a second device for a second sidelink transmission on a reserved resource. The reserved resource is subsequent to a first candidate resource in a candidate resource set of the first device. The first device determines an expected time interval of the channel access procedure based on the first information. If transmitting symbols of the first candidate resource overlaps with the expected time interval, the first device updates the candidate resource set for a first sidelink transmission to be performed by the first device. The first sidelink transmission does not disrupt the channel access procedure.
There is herein in accordance with example embodiments of the invention at least a method and apparatus to determining, that a user equipment is to access a cell for triggering random access to the cell using an initial access configuration communicated by a network node of the communication network to perform operations such as a data shower coverage for the user equipment, wherein the initial access configuration is sequentially using more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of acquiring synchronization, beam refinement, and beam maintenance for access to the cell.
H04W 74/0833 - Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
65.
REDUCED UP INTERRUPTION FOR INTER DISTRIBUTED UNIT LOWER LAYER MOBILITY WITH PING-PONGS
In accordance with example embodiments of the invention there is at least a method and apparatus to perform establishing, by a user equipment configured to support parallel reception of data from two cells belonging to different network nodes of a radio access network a connection towards a serving cell supported by a first network node supporting at least one of distributed unit functionality or the layer 2 protocol of the radio access network, and receiving data from the serving; transmitting a layer 1 measurement report including an indication of a second cell supported by a second network node and related measurement information towards the serving to enable the first network node to monitor lower layer mobility conditions, wherein the second network node supports at least one of distributed unit functionality or the layer 2 protocol of the radio access network; and receiving a layer 2 message including instructions for a cell change to the second cell, wherein the layer 2 message further comprises instructions to execute parallel reception from both the serving and the second cell at least during the cell change, and to retain at least one configuration for at least one of data transmission or reception with the serving after success of the cell change to the second cell.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus configured to store, in a first user equipment, information defining a group of user equipments, the first user equipment being comprised in the group, and associate at least one positioning reference unit with the user equipments of the group such that each user equipment of the group is associated with at least one positioning reference unit, or receive from a cellular communication network the associations of the user equipments of the group with the at least one positioning reference unit.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for optimization of using a reduced receiver (Rx) Beam Sweeping Factor (BSF). In an example method, a terminal device counts a first number of at least one out-of-sync event. The terminal device enables, based on determining that the first number reaches a first threshold, a reduced Beam Sweeping Factor (BSF) in which multiple beams are activated at a time. The terminal device counts a second number of at least one in-sync event. The terminal device disables the reduced Beam Sweeping Factor (BSF) based on determining that the second number reaches a second threshold. In this way, the UE mobility performance at the cell edge can be improved, while in respective direction(s) with a minimal impact to the UE power consumption.
NOKIA SOLUTIONS AND NETWORKS GMBH & CO. KG (Germany)
NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY (Finland)
Inventor
Hassan, Mohamad Sayed
Laselva, Daniela
Zheng, Naizheng
Koskela, Jarkko Tuomo
Lauridsen, Mads
Abstract
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for on-demand SIB operation. A method (200) performed by a terminal device may comprise: receiving (S202), from a first network node, a broadcast signaling of a first cell, including an indication about whether the first cell operates with transmitting a system information of the first cell on demand; and determining (S204) whether to transmit, to the first network node, a request for the system information of the first cell, based at least on the indication. The broadcast signaling comprises a physical broadcast channel, PBCH, signaling including a master information block, MIB. The indication is provided by a value of at least one of: at least one bit of a MIB payload, and/or at least one bit of a PBCH payload excluding the MIB payload. Accordingly, the NES cell can operate in OD-SIB mode without confusing the legacy terminal devices, which are not able to request the OD-SIB.
Methods for wireless communication including the steps of: determining by the user equipment in an area, that at least one configuration condition is met, for preparing for an operation mode switch that is scheduled to occur at a non-terrestrial network node (NTN); and performing a procedure to adapt the user equipment to the operation mode switch that is scheduled to occur at the non-terrestrial network node, wherein the non-terrestrial network node operation mode switches from a store and forward (S&F) operation mode to a normal operation mode, wherein the user equipment is further configured to perform steps comprising one of: aborting an ongoing procedure to start a new procedure in the normal operation mode after the upcoming non-terrestrial network node operation mode switching, or adapting configuration parameters of the procedure to values used for the procedure initiated in the upcoming non-terrestrial network node operation mode based on the configured conditions.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus configured to search for downlink control information (DCI) elements in at least one search space, determine whether a first DCI element found in the at least one search space is a complete one-part DCI or comprised in a two-part DCI, responsive to determining the first DCI element is a complete one-part DCI, use the first DCI element as a received DCI in communication with a network, and responsive to determining the first DCI element is comprised in a two-part DCI, combine the first DCI element with a second DCI element found in the at least one search space to obtain the received DCI and use the received DCI in communication with a network.
An apparatus comprising means for: receiving, at a user equipment, UE, from an access node, at least one condition, wherein the at least one condition comprises at least one of the following: cell reselection condition, cell selection condition, or event-based measurement reporting condition; modifying at least one of the at least one conditions to provide at least one modified condition based, at least in part, on at least one characteristic of the UE; and performing at least one action if the at least one modified condition has been met, wherein performing at least one action comprises at least one of the following: performing cell reselection, performing cell selection, or causing transmission of at least one measurement report.
An apparatus comprising means for: receiving, at a user equipment, UE, from an access node, at least one condition, wherein the at least one condition comprises at least one of the following: low-power wake up signal, LP-WUS, monitoring entry condition, or LP-WUS monitoring exit condition; modifying at least one of the at least one conditions to provide at least one modified condition based, at least in part, on at least one characteristic of the UE; and performing at least one action if the at least one modified condition has been met, wherein performing at least one action comprises at least one of the following: entering LP-WUS monitoring, or exiting LP-WUS monitoring.
In accordance with example embodiments of the invention there is at least a method and apparatus to perform receiving from a second apparatus of a communication network information comprising a test command for data collection for conformance testing of a machine learning based beam management use case, wherein the test command for data collection is to enable or activate a data collection test mode at a first apparatus for a data collection phase during the conformance testing; based on the information, activating the data collection test mode and communicate an acknowledgement message with the second apparatus confirming an activation of the data collection test mode at the apparatus; and based on the activation, performing beam sweeping in one iteration or more than one iteration of the multiple iterations. Further, to perform sending towards a second apparatus of a communication network information comprising a test command for data collection for conformance testing of a machine learning based beam management use case, wherein the test command for data collection is to enable or activate a test mode at the second apparatus for a data collection phase during the conformance testing; based on the information, receiving an acknowledgement message from the second apparatus confirming an activation of the data collection test mode at the second apparatus.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
There is provided an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive, from an access node, an information indicating configured grant uplink resources for performing uplink data transmission to the access node; receive, from the access node, configuration information indicating a number of bits; transmit, to the access node, a dynamic indication comprising a bitmap of a length specified by the number of bits indicated by the configuration information, said bitmap indicating subsequent configured grant uplink resources which the apparatus will not use as unused configured uplink grant resources; and transmit, to the access node, a new dynamic indication, wherein the new dynamic indication cannot claim back unused configured grant uplink resources.
An apparatus, method and computer program are disclosed relating to positioning in a mobile communication system. One operation of the method may comprise receiving, by a target device of a mobile communications network, reference data from each of a plurality of nodes associated with a first positioning session, the reference data from a particular node representing the position of the particular node. Another operation may comprise determining, by the target device, for each of a plurality of pairs of the nodes, whether first and second nodes of the pair are collinear based at least in part on the reference data from the first and second nodes. Another operation may comprise, responsive to determining that at least one of the pairs has collinear first and second nodes, adding of one or more new nodes, not associated with the first positioning session, to a subsequent positioning session with at least some nodes of the first positioning session, wherein the nodes are configured to transmit positioning signals to the target device for the target device to determine its own position.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, devices and computer readable storage media for identification and discovery of a device. The apparatus transmits, to a first AP in a second apparatus, an MLD MAC address of a non-AP MLD. In response to a second AP MLD in the second apparatus being created based on an association between the MLD MAC address of the non-AP MLD and a private SSID of the second AP MLD, the apparatus receives the private SSID from the second AP MLD. In turn, the apparatus establishes a connection between the apparatus and the second AP MLD using at least the private SSID.
This document discloses a solution for selecting a cell for initial access. According to an aspect, a method comprises: camping in a first cell and detecting a second cell that is in a sleep state; acquiring an initial access configuration mapping traffic types with sleep states and with a cell for initial access; acquiring data for uplink transmission; if a traffic type of the data is a first traffic type and the sleep state of the second cell is a first sleep state, transmitting a wake-up signal to the second cell, transmitting an initial access message to the second cell, and transmitting the data via the second cell; if the traffic type of the data is a second traffic type different from the first traffic type and if the sleep state of the second cell is a second sleep state, transmitting a wake-up signal to the second cell, transmitting an initial access message to the second cell, and transmitting the data via the second cell; and under another condition defined in the initial access configuration and based on the traffic type and the sleep state of the second cell, transmitting an initial access message to the first cell and transmitting the data via the first cell.
An apparatus is disclosed, said apparatus comprising means for determining, for a given use case, a behavioural requirement policy for a machine learning model, means for providing an indication of the behavioural requirement policy to an analytics producer and means for receiving, from the analytics producer, a performance evaluation metric determined based on the behavioural requirement policy.
There is provided an apparatus comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least: receiving, from a network node, configuration for reporting information on measurement accuracy of a L1 filter in use; transmitting, to the network node, information on measurement accuracy of the L1 filter having an initial measurement accuracy.
Method, comprising: receiving an indication of one or more supported bit-widths for local learning by a first node among plural nodes; generating a respective quantized version of a model for at least one of the supported bit-widths; providing the generated respective quantized versions of the model for the at least one of the supported bit-widths or a link to location from where the first node may download the at least one quantized version of the model for the at least one of the supported bit-widths to the first node.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus configured at least to function as a node in a wireless communication system, participate in a synchronization process with at least one target node of the wireless communication system, wherein the apparatus is configured to transmit, as part of the synchronization process, via node-to-node signalling, a reference signal at a time instant specified in assistance information received from the wireless communication system, and report, as part of the synchronization process, to the wireless communication system, a time of receipt of a signal from each one of the at least one target node.
An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that when executed by the at least one processor cause the apparatus at least to perform: transmitting Downlink Control Information to a user equipment, said Downlink Control Information having a control command for said user equipment together with an indication that additional information related to said control command is to be transmitted over a Downlink Shared Channel; and transmitting said additional information related to said control command over said Downlink Shared Channel.
H04W 72/231 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal the control data signalling from the layers above the physical layer, e.g. RRC or MAC-CE signalling
H04W 72/0457 - Variable allocation of band or rate
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and medium for transmission opportunity (TXOP) sharing group. In an aspect, a network device transmits, to at least one second network device, a first announcement message notifying that a transmission opportunity, TXOP, of the network device can be shared. The network device and the at least one second network device are within one TXOP sharing group. The network device receives, from the at least one second network device, at least one first request message requesting to share the TXOP. The network device transmits, to the at least one second network device, at least one first response message granting or rejecting to share the TXOP. By implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, a sharing network device could efficiently know with which other network device(s) it could share the TXOP based on the TXOP sharing group, thus improves transmission efficiency.
There is herein disclosed a method comprising determining that a first access point and a second access point are in a coordination agreement and determining that an association exists between a device and the first access point. The method further includes transmitting, to the second access point, a discovery request. The discovery request contains an inquiry as to whether the second access point will accept transfer of the association with the device. The method further includes receiving, from the second access point, a discovery response indicating that the second access point accepts the discovery request to transfer the association with the device. The method further includes negotiating, between the first access point and the second access point, terms of the association between the device and the second access point.
Various example embodiments relate to methods and apparatuses for enabling TRS based SSB-less SCell activation. An apparatus may be configured to receive from a network device, configuration information of a plurality of TRSs for a SCell operating in SSB-less mode, the plurality of TRSs having QCL relation with at least one SSB configured in a reference cell; receive from the network device, a command of activation of the SCell; and determine a TRS from the plurality of TRSs to monitor during the activation of the SCell.
Disclosed are devices, methods, apparatuses, and computer readable media for cell measurements. An example apparatus for a terminal device may include at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one memory may store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the apparatus at least to: measure quality of a serving cell; perform cell measurements using two or more receiver paths for a first measurement time period when the measured quality is below a threshold; and perform cell measurements using single receiver path for a second measurement time period when the measured quality is above the threshold, wherein the first measurement time period may be shorter than the second measurement time period.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to protection for a discovery message. In one aspect, a first terminal device receives a discovery message from a second terminal device, and the discovery message comprises an indication of whether a network identity is comprised in the discovery message. Based on determining that the indication indicates that the network identity is comprised in the discovery message, the first terminal device obtains the network identity. In this way, the first terminal device will not try to decrypt the discovery message with multiple "assumed" but "wrong" keys which most likely would be failed finally and would be very time and energy consuming. Therefore, the communication efficiency of the discovery message can be improved and the power consumption of the first terminal device can be reduced.
H04W 4/18 - Information format or content conversion, e.g. adaptation by the network of the transmitted or received information for the purpose of wireless delivery to users or terminals
Example embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to threshold assessment and adjustment. A method comprises sending, to a second apparatus, a request for assessment analysis of a threshold associated with a metric of communication performance and used to evaluate the communication performance, where the request for the assessment analysis of the threshold includes first information related to at least one of assessment or adjustment of the threshold; and receiving, from the second apparatus, a response for the assessment analysis of the threshold, where the response for the assessment analysis of the threshold includes second information related to at least one of assessment or adjustment recommendation of the threshold.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to collocation mode determination. In an aspect, a terminal device determines to operate in collocation deployment in carrier aggregation or dual connectivity. Then, the terminal device determines, among multiple collocation modes, a collocation mode in which the terminal device is to operate. In this way, the terminal device will be clear how to operate in a collocated scenario and which UE requirements shall apply.
NOKIA SOLUTIONS AND NETWORKS INVESTMENT (CHINA) CO., LTD. (China)
Inventor
Ni, Na
Wang, Zhi
Chen, Xu
Lu, Yu Wei
He, Pei Gang
Liu, Shi Wen
He, Xuan
Lee, Anne
Abstract
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods and apparatuses for enhancement of an internet protocol (IP) multimedia subsystem (IMS) session. In the embodiments, a first application server device determines whether one or more IMS data channel applications are allowed to be initiated by a second terminal device configured to communicate with a second IMS. Based on determining that the one or more IMS data channel applications are allowed to be initiated by the second terminal device, the first application server determines information indicating that one or more IMS data channel applications are allowed to be initiated by the second terminal device. Then, the first application server transmits the information to a second application server for the first IMS. server further transmits the request to a second application server for the first IMS. In this way, the performance of the IMS session can be improved.
An apparatus for a network device, the apparatus comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device to: determine first information characterizing at least one parameter of a sensing procedure associated with the network device, transmit second information, based on the first information, to at least one further network device.
G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systemsAnalogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
A user equipment configured to apply lower layer, that is layer 1 or layer 2, triggered mobility LTM and configured to receive at least one LTM candidate cell configuration including a transmission configuration indicator TCI state of the at least one candidate cell; and in response to uplink synchronization acquisition comprising of a reference signal associated with said TCI state of said candidate cell, starting at least one timer for measuring at least one of the following: a first time period or a second time period. The apparatus is caused to consider timing synchronisation of the TCI state to be valid during the first time period and the TCI state to be known during the second time period.
A user equipment, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that when executed by the at least one processor cause the apparatus at least to perform: receiving a plurality of configuration components for retention as a pool of configuration components, each configuration component having an associated identifier and providing a configuration of a related protocol layer of an air interface for supporting communication with at least one network node of a wireless telecommunications network; grouping configuration components from the pool of configuration components into a plurality of groups of configuration components, configuration components within each group being identified by their identifiers, each group providing an associated existing configuration of protocol layers of an air interface for supporting communication with at least one network node of a wireless telecommunications network; receiving an indication of at least one replacement configuration component to replace a corresponding configuration component in one of the groups of configuration components; and updating the one of the groups of configuration components by replacing the corresponding configuration component with the replacement configuration component to provide an updated configuration of the protocol layers of the air interface.
A user equipment, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that when executed by the at least one processor cause the user equipment at least to perform: receiving a plurality of configuration components for retention as a pool of configuration components, each configuration component having an associated identifier and providing a configuration of a related protocol layer of an air interface for supporting communication with at least one network node of a wireless telecommunications network; receiving an indication of selected configuration components from said pool of configuration components for use to configure said protocol layers of said air interface, said indication encoding identifiers associated with configuration components in said pool of configuration components, said indication encoding said identifiers in an ordering associated with said protocol layers of said air interface; and configuring said protocol layers of said air interface based on said selected configuration components from said pool of configuration components.
Techniques are disclosed for a UE via a femtocell for authorization for access to the femtocell when the femtocell supports (e.g., only) closed access. An AMF in a serving network for the UE checks whether the femtocell supports (e.g., only) closed access (for a CAG). If so, the AMF performs CAG verification to determine whether the verification of the UE (e.g., and corresponding CAG ID) is successful or fails. The verification uses NFs from the home network of the UE, including an AUSF, UDM and database. A list of allowed CAGs is accessed and used. If the verification is successful, the AMF participates in other operations to provide the UE with access to the CAG; if it fails, the AMD participates in other operations to reject CAG access by the UE. Authorization process for the UE may be performed at different times and a CAG challenge/response scheme may be used.
A user equipment comprising: means for receiving a configuration request from a network entity, the configuration request comprising one or more energy related metrics of the user equipment; means for collecting one or more metrics relating to the one or more energy related metrics of the user equipment; means for creating a report comprising information relating to the collected one or more energy related metrics of the user equipment; and means for sending the report to the network entity.
An apparatus comprising a split processing client, the split processing client comprising means for: receiving energy related information associated with a device; and applying a split processing configuration, the split processing configuration being dependent on the energy related information associated with the device.
An apparatus for generating an implicit neural representation of an event, comprising at least one processor, at least one memory comprising computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, receive event information corresponding to the event from one or more user entities and train implicit neural representation models and/or learnable representation models for the event utilizing the event information. The event information comprises media data.
An apparatus configured to: determine a pathloss offset associated with at least one transmission configuration indicator state; determine a pathloss based, at least partially, on: a downlink pathloss, and the pathloss offset; and generate a power headroom report based, at least partially, on the determined pathloss. An apparatus configured to: detect a trigger for generating a power headroom report based, at least partially, on a pathloss offset associated with at least one transmission configuration indicator state; and generate the power headroom report based, at least partially, on the detected trigger.
H04W 52/24 - TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
H04W 52/36 - Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
H04W 52/40 - TPC being performed in particular situations during macro-diversity or soft handoff
H04W 52/14 - Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
H04W 52/38 - TPC being performed in particular situations
According to an aspect, an apparatus may obtain a set of assistance information configurations, the assistance information being associated with a transmitting power of the apparatus. The apparatus may also calculate assistance information relating to at least one assistance information configuration of the set of assistance information configurations. The apparatus may also transmit the calculated assistance information to a network apparatus.
H04W 52/36 - Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
