According to the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising: (a) 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a); (b) difluoromethane (R-32); (c) 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a); and (d) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)).
According to the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising: (a) 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a); (b) difluoromethane (R-32) (c) trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (R-1132(E)); and (d) one or more of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf).
A process for the at least partial conversion of a bisfluorsulfonimide (HFSI) to a metal bisfluorsulfonimide (MHFSI), comprising: feeding a composition comprising a metai bicarbonate, a solvent and a composition comprising bisfluorsulfonimide into a reactor to form an admixture thereof; and allowing the metal bicarbonate and bisfluorsulfonimide to react together.
B01D 71/00 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the materialManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
A method of recovering a lithium salt from a lithium battery waste mass, comprising the steps of: (a) dissolving the lithium sail in the lithium battery waste mass in a weight of water equivalent to 100 to 0.1 times the weight of the lithium battery waste mass, either in a one-off treatment or successive treatments; (b) evaporating the aqueous solution to dryness; and (c) working up the dry residue with a solvent comprising water, a carbonate, or mixtures thereof.
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
C07C 253/30 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
C07C 255/16 - Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing cyano groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon atom of an acyclic carbon skeleton
H01M 10/054 - Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
H01M 10/0567 - Liquid materials characterised by the additives
H01M 10/0568 - Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
H01M 10/0569 - Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
H01G 11/60 - Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solvent
H01G 11/62 - Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
H01G 11/64 - Liquid electrolytes characterised by additives
H01M 6/16 - Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/587 - Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
A process for the production of 1,1-difluoroethane by the catalytic fluorination, in the vapour phase, of a composition comprising vinyl chloride with hydrogen fluoride, wherein the vinyl chloride is contacted with hydrogen fluoride, at temperatures between 100 and 500°C, in the presence of a catalyst comprising a one or more of chromia, alumina, carbon.
C07C 17/21 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms with simultaneous increase of the number of halogen atoms
A coolant for cooling an electrical / electronic element by direct immersion cooling, comprising a partially fluorinated ether with the structure (of compound 1) wherein R1,R2, R3, R4333, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, haloalkyl perfluorohaloalkyl.
H01L 23/473 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
H01M 10/656 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
Use of a formulation comprising a metal ion and a compound of Formula 1 in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation wherein R1,R2, R3, R433, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, haloalkyl and R533, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, perfiuoroalkyl, haloalkyl perfluorohaloalkyl.
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises: (i) a drug component comprising at least one antiviral compound that is suitable for treating viruses that cause adverse effects in the lungs; and (ii) a propellant. The composition can be delivered to the lungs using a metered dose inhaler (MDI).
A61K 31/706 - Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises: (i) a drug component comprising at least one umeclidinium compound selected from umeclidinium and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, at least one vilanterol compound selected from vilanterol and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof and at least one fluticasone compound selected from fluticasone and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof; and (ii) a propellant component comprising 1,1-difluoroethane (HFA-152a).
A61K 47/24 - Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. cyclomethicone or phospholipids
A61K 31/56 - Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systemsDerivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
A61K 31/138 - Aryloxyalkylamines, e.g. propranolol, tamoxifen, phenoxybenzamine
A61K 31/137 - Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine
A61K 31/439 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom the ring forming part of a bridged ring system, e.g. quinuclidine
Use of a compound of Formula 1 in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation (1) wherein each R1to R43166 alkyl which may be at least partially fluorinated, wherein at least one of R1to R4 is or comprises F.
H01M 10/0567 - Liquid materials characterised by the additives
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
C07D 301/03 - Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
C07D 301/12 - Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with hydrogen peroxide or inorganic peroxides or peracids
C07D 303/08 - Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by halogen atoms, nitro radicals or nitroso radicals
H01M 10/0568 - Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
H01M 10/0569 - Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
H01M 10/0567 - Liquid materials characterised by the additives
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
C07D 317/12 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
C07D 317/16 - Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals
A method of improving the stability of a pharmaceutical composition comprising (i) a propellant component and (ii) a drug component comprising at least one cannabinoid which is dissolved or suspended in the propellant is described. The method comprises using a propellant component comprising 1,1-difluoroethane (R- 152a).
A method for at least partially draining an operating system, which contains a working fluid (comprising carbon dioxide (R744) and a halogenated hydrocarbon). The method comprises transferring the working fluid to a target container, from the operating system, wherein the working fluid is contacted with an absorptive bed.
A method of charging a container for use in a medication delivery apparatus wherein the propellant used comprises 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) is described.
B65B 31/00 - Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditionsAdding propellants to aerosol containers
B65B 31/04 - Evacuating, pressurising or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied
B65D 83/14 - Containers for dispensing liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant
A process for purifying 1,1-dif!uoroethane (H FA- 152a) contaminated with methyl chloride is described. The process comprises contacting the contaminated 1,1-dif!uoroetbane with a zeolite. Also described is a process for purifying 1,1-difluoroethane (HFA-152a) contaminated with methyl chloride and vinyl fluoride. This process comprises: contacting the contaminated 1,1-difluoroethane with a zeolite to remove methyl chloride and subjecting the 1,1- difluoroethane to a distillation process to remove vinyl fluoride. The purified 1,1-difluoroethane may also be subjected to a drying step to remove water in which the 1,1-difluoroethane is contacted with a drying agent.
A method for preparing a partially fluorinated alcohol, comprises reacting an epoxide: wherein R1, R2, R3and R433, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, haloalkyl with a fluorinating agent.
The invention provides a composition comprising (a) from about 6 to about 18 weight % R-1132a, (b) from about 5 to about 35 weight % R-32, and (c) from about 47 to about 89 weight % R-1234yf. The use of such a composition as a working fluid in a heat pump system of a vehicle, preferably an electric vehicle, is also provided.
A method for activating a chromia-based catalyst for fluorination and/or hydrofluorination comprises the steps of: a) optionally drying the catalyst at a temperature of from 100°C to 400°C; b) treating the catalyst with a composition comprising HF at a temperature of from 100°C to about 500°C; c) treating the catalyst with a composition comprising an oxidant and optionally HF at a temperature of from about 100°C to about 500°C.
2m32p3332p32m322ppOH, polyalkylene glycol and polyolester; n is an integer from 2 to 49; m is an integer from 0 to 3; p is an integer from 0 to 9; the molecular weight average (Mw) is ≤5500; and the polydispersity index is ≤1.45; compositions comprising these compounds and methods for their production.
C08G 65/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08G 65/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
C08L 71/00 - Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C10M 107/38 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing halogen
C08G 63/66 - Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
33I) and 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a) is described. The composition can also comprise additional compounds, such as at least one non-flammable compound selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide (CO2; R-744), tetrafluoromethane (R-14), trifluoromethane (R-23) and perfluoroethane (R-116) or at least one additional compound of lower volatility than 1,1-difluoroethylene selected from the group consisting of 1, 1,2-trifluoroethylene (R-1123), difluoromethane (R-32), propane (R-290), propylene (R-1270), fluoroethane (R-161), pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1, 1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluopropene (R-1234yf), isobutane (R-600a), n-butane (R-600), trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluopropene (R-1234ze(E)), 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf), 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (R-1225ye), 1, 1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (R-227ea), 1,1- difluoroethane (R-152a), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluopropene (R-1234ze(Z)), 1-chloro-3,3,3- trifluoropropene (R-1233zd(E/Z)) and 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (R-1336mzz(E/Z)). The compositions have utility as refrigerants in vapour compression heat transfer systems.
22; R-744) and from 1 to 32 weight % difluoromethane (R-32) based on the total weight of the composition is described. Also described is the use of the refrigerant composition for providing heating and cooling and a refrigeration, air-conditioning or heat pump system comprising the refrigerant composition.
Use as a refrigerant in a heat pump system in an electric vehicle of a composition is described. The composition comprises 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a) and at least one fluorocarbon refrigerant compound selected from the group consisting of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R- 1234yf), difluoromethane (R-32), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and 1,1- difluoroethane (R-152a).
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises; (i) a drug component comprising salbutamol; and (ii) a propellant component comprising 1,1-difluoroethane (HFA-152a).
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises; (i) a drug component comprising at least one cannabiooid or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative or salt thereof; and (li) a propeliani component comprising 1,1- difiuoroethana (HFA-152a).
A61K 31/352 - Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. cannabinols, methantheline
In the field of medical dosing device filling, a propellant conditioning assembly (10) comprises an input conduit (12) to receive a propellant at a constant pressure from a propellant reservoir (102). The conditioning assembly (10) also includes a bifurcation (18) to divide the input conduit (12) into first and second conditioning conduits (20, 22). The first conditioning conduit (20) includes a cooler device (24) to selectively cool a diverted first propellant stream (26) that flows through the first conditioning conduit (20), and the second conditioning conduit (22) includes a heater device (32) to selectively heat a diverted second propellant stream (34) that flows through the second conditioning conduit (22). The conditioning assembly (10) still further includes an output conduit (44) to receive the first and second propellant streams (26, 34). The relative proportion of the first and second propellant streams (26, 34) merging in the output conduit (44) is controlled to regulate the temperature of a merged constant pressure propellant feed (46) exiting from the output conduit (44).
A propellant filling apparatus (10) comprising a filling booth (11) for receiving within it one or more containers for filling with a propellant; a propellant inlet (12) to the filling booth (11) that is capable of supplying propellant into one or more containers within the filling booth (11) from a propellant supply; an inert gas inlet (13) supplying inert gas from an inert gas supply (14) into the filling booth (11), a discharge outlet (16) from the filling booth (11); an extraction fan (17) that is capable of adjusting its fan speed to maintain the pressure of gas in the filling booth (11) to be lower than atmospheric pressure; and an oxygen detector (27) that is capable of detecting levels of oxygen in the filling booth (11) and triggering circulation of inert gas in the filling booth (11) when the level of oxygen in the filling booth (11) falls below an oxygen threshold level.
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises: (i) a drug component comprising at least one indacaterol compound selected from indacaterol and the pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof; and (ii) a propellant component comprising 1,1-difluoroethane (HFA-152a).
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises: (i) a drug component comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt of giycopyrrolate; and (ii) a propellant component comprising 1,1-difluoroethane (HFA-152a).
A61K 31/40 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises:(i) a drug component comprising at least one beclomethasone compound selected from beclomethasone and the pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof and at least one long acting beta-2-agonist; (ii) a propellant component comprising 1,1- difluoroethane (HFA-152a); and (iii) glycerol.
A61K 31/573 - Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systemsDerivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane or progesterone substituted in position 21, e.g. cortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone or aldosterone
A61K 31/167 - Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide having the nitrogen atom of a carboxamide group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. lidocaine, paracetamol
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises: (i) a drug component comprising at least one tiotropium compound selected from tiotropium and the pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof; and (ii) a propellant component comprising 1,1-difluoroethane (HFA-152a).
A61K 31/439 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom the ring forming part of a bridged ring system, e.g. quinuclidine
A61P 11/00 - Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises: (i) a drug component comprising at least one salmeterol compound selected from salmeterol and the pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof; and (ii) a propellant component comprising 1,1 -difluoroethane (HFA-152a).
A catalyst comprising one or more metal oxides, wherein the catalyst has a total pore volume equal to or greater than 0.3 cm3/g and a mean pore diameter greater than or equal to 90 Å, where in the pore volume is measured using N2 adsorption porosimetry and the mean pore diameter is measured using N2 BET adsorption porosimetry.
A catalyst comprising chromia and at least one additional metal or compound thereof and wherein the catalyst has a total pore volume of greater than 0.3 cm3/g and the mean pore diameter is greater than or equal to 90 Å, wherein the total pore volume is measured by N2 adsorption porosimetry and the mean pore diameter is measured by N2 BET adsorption porosimetry, and wherein the at least one additional metal is selected from Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cs, Sc, Al, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, In, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, La, Ce and mixtures thereof.
The present invention provides compounds of formula (I): wherein W is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br and I;10 X is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, CW3 and OR on the basis that at least one X is OR; R is independently selected from the group consisting of C(O)(CH2)m(CF2)nY and CW2C(CW2OC(O)(CH2)m(CF2)nY)3; m is an integer from 0 to 2;15 n is an integer from 2 to 8; Y is C(Z)3; and Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br and I. Such compounds may be utilised as lubricants, for example in heat transfer compositions.
C07C 69/63 - Halogen-containing esters of saturated acids
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
C10M 171/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
A composition comprising a heat transfer portion and a lubricating portion, wherein the lubricating portion comprises one or more compounds according to formula (I): wherein W is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, CI, Br and I; Y is independently selected from the group consisting of F, CI, Br and I; Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, OH, (CW2)PCW3, CY3, OCW3, 0(CW2)pCW3, OCW((CY2)mCY3)CWCW2, polyalkylene glycol and polyolester; n is an integer from 2 to 250; m is an integer from 0 to 3; and p is an integer from 0 to 9.
C10M 171/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises at least one mometasone compound selected from mometasone, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of mometasone, prodrugs of mometasone, solvates of mometasone, solvates of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of mometasone and solvates of prodrugs of mometasone and a propellant component comprising 1,1- difluoroethane (R-152a). In a preferred embodiment, the composition further comprises at least one formoterol compound selected from formoterol, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formoterol, prodrugs of formoterol, solvates of formoterol, solvates of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formoterol and solvates of prodrugs of formoterol.
A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
A61K 31/58 - Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systemsDerivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
A pharmaceutical composition is described. The composition comprises: (i) at least one formoterol compound selected from formoterol, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formoterol, prodrugs of formoterol, solvates of formoterol, solvates of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of formoterol and solvates of prodrugs of formoterol; (ii) at least one corticosteroid; (iii) a surfactant component comprising at least one surfactant compound; and (iv) a propellant component comprising 1,1 - difluoroethane (R-152a).
A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
A61K 31/167 - Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide having the nitrogen atom of a carboxamide group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. lidocaine, paracetamol
A61K 31/56 - Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systemsDerivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
A61K 31/573 - Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systemsDerivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane or progesterone substituted in position 21, e.g. cortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone or aldosterone
A61K 31/58 - Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systemsDerivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
56.
AZEOTROPIC OR NEAR-AZEOTROPIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING HFC-245CB AND HFC-1234ZE(E)
The present invention provides azeotropic or near-azeotropic compositions comprising CH3CF2CF3 (245cb) and CHFCHCF3 (1234zeE) and processes of separating and using such compositions.
The present invention provides a process for preparing 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane (245cb), the process comprising gas phase catalytic dehydrochlorination of a composition comprising 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,3-dichloropropane (243db) to produce an intermediate composition comprising 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-chloro-prop-1-ene (CF3CCI=CH2, 1233xf), hydrogen chloride (HCI) and, optionally, air; and gas phase catalytic fluorination with hydrogen fluoride (HF) of the intermediate composition to produce a reactor product composition comprising 245cb, HF, HCI and air; wherein the process is carried out with a co-feed of air.
The present invention provides a method for purifying a fluid comprising a first drying stage which comprises contacting a first fluid stream comprising one or more hydro(chloro)fluoroolefins and water with a source of sulphuric acid to produce a first treated fluid stream comprising the hydro(chloro)fluoroolefin(s) and a first spent sulphuric acid stream, wherein the first treated fluid stream comprises a lower concentration of water than the first fluid stream.
The present invention provides a method of producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO- 1234yf), wherein the method comprises two or more reaction steps, at least one of said reaction steps comprising the production of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze) and/or one or more HFO-1234ze precursors from one or more HFO-1234yf precursors, wherein at least a portion of the HFO-1234ze is recovered.
A process for preparing a (hydro)haloalkene comprising dehydrohalogenating a hydrohaloalkane in the presence of a catalyst comprising a ceramic material.
A process for producing at least one tetrafluoropropene, the process comprising (i) converting Z-1233zd to TFMA in the presence of at least one base, wherein the process is conducted in the presence of water, and (ii) contacting the TFMA produced in step (i) with hydrogen fluoride (HF) in the presence of a Lewis acid metal halide catalyst to produce reaction product comprising at least one tetrafluoropropene.
A process for preparing 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,3-dichloropropane (243db), which process comprises contacting 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1243zf) with chlorine in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a transition metal and/or one or more compounds thereof, e.g. supported on alumina, and the use of the product of the process of the invention in the preparation of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (1234yf).
C07C 17/04 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of halogens to unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons
C07C 17/20 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
C07C 17/25 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by splitting-off hydrogen halides from halogenated hydrocarbons
C07C 17/275 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by addition reactions of hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons
The present invention provides a composition, such as a refrigerant composition comprising 1, 1-difluoroethene (vinylidene fluoride, R-1132a); trifluoromethane (R-23); and one or more compound selected from hexafluoroethane (R-116), ethane (R-170) and carbon dioxide (R-744, CO2).
A process for treating a composition comprising one or more desired (hydro)halocarbons and one or more undesired halogenated hydrocarbon containing impurities so as to reduce the concentration of at least one undesired halogenated hydrocarbon containing impurity, the process comprising contacting the composition with an adsorbent comprising a carbon molecular sieve.
C07C 19/12 - Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing fluorine and chlorine having two carbon atoms
C09K 3/30 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
C09K 5/00 - Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerantsMaterials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
A pharmaceutical composition is described that is suitable for delivery from a pressurised container. The composition is preferably free of polar excipients and comprises: (a) a propellant component that consists essentially of 1,1- difluoroethane (R-152a); (b) a surfactant component that comprises at least one surfactant compound other than oleic acid; and (c) a drug component that consists of salbutamol sulphate. The pharmaceutical composition can be delivered using a metered dose inhaler (MDI).
The invention provides a comprising 1,2,3,3,3-pentafIuoropropene (R-1225ye), 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) and from about 3 to about 25 % by weight carbon dioxide (C02, R-744). Also provided is a composition comprising R-1225ye, carbon dioxide and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze). Further provided is a composition comprising from about 6 to about 28 % by weight carbon dioxide and from about 72 to about 96 % by weight R-1225ye.
The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising from about 61 to about 69 % by weight frans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and from about 31 to about 39 % by weight 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).
C09K 3/30 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising from about 81 to about 89 % by weight trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and from about 11 to about 19 % by weight 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).
C09K 3/30 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising from about 71 to about 79 % by weight trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and from about 21 to about 29 % by weight 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).
C09K 3/30 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
The invention provides a process for preparing a C3-7 (hydro)fluoroalkene comprising dehydrohalogenating a C3-7 hydro(halo)fluoroalkane in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal oxide supported on alumina, wherein the catalyst has a sodium content of less than about 800 ppm.
patents