Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for closed-loop control of a system using one or more electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) sensors located on-site. With such EPR sensors, a change can be applied to the system, the EPR sensors can measure the effect(s) of the change, and then adjustments can be made in real-time. This feedback process may be repeated continuously to control the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 33/24 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance for measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• E21B 49/08 - Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
• G01R 33/60 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using electron paramagnetic resonance
• G01V 3/26 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device
• G01R 33/44 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
• G01R 33/36 - Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
• G01V 3/32 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with electron or nuclear magnetic resonance
• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance

Abstract

Embodiments described herein generally relate to systems, tools, and methods for flow assurance monitoring within pipe structures. In an embodiment is provided a method of determining at least one property of a mixture flowing through a system that includes introducing an inhibitor to a fluid flowing through the system to form the mixture; exposing the mixture to electromagnetic energy to induce at least one paramagnetic response from at least one diamagnetic species present in the mixture flowing through the system; performing electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy on the at least one paramagnetic response to generate an EPR spectrum; and determining the at least one property of the mixture based on the EPR spectrum. Apparatus for determining fluid properties and systems for extracting hydrocarbons from a subterranean reservoir are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for performing electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy on a fluid from a flowing well, such as fluid from hydrocarbon recovery operations flowing in a downhole tubular, wellhead, or pipeline. One example method generally includes, for a first EPR iteration, performing a first frequency sweep of discrete electromagnetic frequencies on a cavity containing the fluid; determining first parameter values of reflected signals from the first frequency sweep; selecting a first discrete frequency corresponding to one of the first parameter values that is less than a threshold value; activating a first electromagnetic field in the fluid at the first discrete frequency; and while the first electromagnetic field is activated, performing a first DC magnetic field sweep to generate a first EPR spectrum.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01V 3/14 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation operating with electron or nuclear magnetic resonance
• E21B 49/08 - Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for closed-loop control of a system using one or more electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) sensors located on-site. With such EPR sensors, a change can be applied to the system, the EPR sensors can measure the effect(s) of the change, and then adjustments can be made in real-time. This feedback process may be repeated continuously to control the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 33/24 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance for measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• E21B 49/08 - Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
• G01R 33/60 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using electron paramagnetic resonance
• G01V 3/26 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device
• G01R 33/44 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
• G01R 33/36 - Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
• G01V 3/32 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with electron or nuclear magnetic resonance
• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for performing electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy on a fluid from a flowing well, such as fluid from hydrocarbon recovery operations flowing in a downhole tubular, wellhead, or pipeline. One example method generally includes, for a first EPR iteration, performing a first frequency sweep of discrete electromagnetic frequencies on a cavity containing the fluid; determining first parameter values of reflected signals from the first frequency sweep; selecting a first discrete frequency corresponding to one of the first parameter values that is less than a threshold value; activating a first electromagnetic field in the fluid at the first discrete frequency; and while the first electromagnetic field is activated, performing a first DC magnetic field sweep to generate a first EPR spectrum.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01V 3/14 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation operating with electron or nuclear magnetic resonance
• E21B 49/08 - Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance

Abstract

In an embodiment is provided a method of determining at least one property of a fluid that includes inducing a paramagnetic response from at least one diamagnetic species flowing through a system, the fluid including the at least one diamagnetic species; performing electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy on at least a portion of the fluid to generate an EPR spectrum; and determining at least one property of the fluid based on the EPR spectrum. In another embodiment is provided a method of determining at least one property of a first fluid that includes introducing an inhibitor composition to a first fluid flowing through a system to form a second fluid; performing EPR spectroscopy on at least a portion of the second fluid to generate an EPR spectrum; and determining at least one property of the second fluid based on the EPR spectrum. Apparatus for determining fluid properties are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for performing electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy on a fluid from a flowing well, such as fluid from hydrocarbon recovery operations flowing in a downhole tubular, wellhead, or pipeline. One example method generally includes, for a first EPR iteration, performing a first frequency sweep of discrete electromagnetic frequencies on a cavity containing the fluid; determining first parameter values of reflected signals from the first frequency sweep; selecting a first discrete frequency corresponding to one of the first parameter values that is less than a threshold value; activating a first electromagnetic field in the fluid at the first discrete frequency; and while the first electromagnetic field is activated, performing a first DC magnetic field sweep to generate a first EPR spectrum.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01V 3/14 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation operating with electron or nuclear magnetic resonance
• E21B 49/08 - Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for sensing a fluid flowing in a conduit using a mobile electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) device. The mobile EPR device may include one or more EPR sensors for making EPR measurements and, for certain aspects, may include one or more other sensors for making other measurements. One example mobile EPR device for deploying in a conduit generally includes a housing configured to be conveyed by a fluid flowing in the conduit; a bore in the housing for receiving the fluid; and an EPR sensor disposed adjacent to the bore for EPR sensing of the fluid as the mobile EPR device traverses a section of the conduit.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 33/60 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using electron paramagnetic resonance
• G01V 3/32 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with electron or nuclear magnetic resonance
• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance
• E21B 49/08 - Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method and a sensing system for closed-loop control of a flowing system comprising a multiphase fluid using one or more electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) sensors located on-site. With such EPR sensors, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy on at least a portion of the multiphase fluid is repeatedly performed and at least one property of the multiphase fluid based on the EPR spectrum is determined based on which an operating parameter of the flowing system is adjusted in real-time. This feedback process may be repeated continuously to automatedly control the flowing system. The method and the sensing system are directed to the control of flowing systems in well logging, wherein the multiphase fluid is a mixture of oil, water and gas.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance
• G01R 33/60 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using electron paramagnetic resonance
• G01V 3/32 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with electron or nuclear magnetic resonance

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for closed-loop control of a system using one or more electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) sensors located on-site. With such EPR sensors, a change can be applied to the system, the EPR sensors can measure the effect(s) of the change, and then adjustments can be made in real-time. This feedback process may be repeated continuously to control the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 33/3415 - Constructional details, e.g. resonators comprising surface coils comprising arrays of sub-coils
• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• E21B 49/08 - Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
• G01R 33/60 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using electron paramagnetic resonance
• G01V 3/26 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device
• G01R 33/24 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance for measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
• G01R 33/44 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
• G01R 33/36 - Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
• G01V 3/32 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with electron or nuclear magnetic resonance
• G01N 24/10 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using electron paramagnetic resonance