A system and apparatus for conducting a modified Jominy end-quench test of a metal composition having an Austenitizing temperature and a critical cooling rate may comprise a bar, comprising the metal composition, said bar having a hemispherical tip and a bar length. The system may also comprise a bar receptacle. The system may also comprise a quenchant. Additionally, the system may also comprise a quenchant discharge apparatus as a quenchant nozzle. In the system a portion of the hemispherical tip of the bar passes through a portion of the bar receptacle, exposing it to a quenchant exiting the quenchant nozzle with a gap existing between the quenchant nozzle and the hemispherical tip of the bar. This is useful in characterizing an alloy's hardenability and residual stresses for finite element analysis and part design.
A process for heat treating a metal part wherein the metal part is heated to a through heat temperature which is between about the austenite start temperature and 100 °F below the melt point. The first surface layer of the metal part is then heated to a second temperature which is at least 100 °F above the through heat temperature and below a melting point of the specific metal or metal alloy. The metal part can be composed of a specific metal or metal alloy having a first surface layer with at least 90% of the metal or metal alloy in the first surface layer in a martensitic state having residual compressive stresses, after quench cooling, and at least 1% of the metal or metal alloy which is not in the first surface layer being not in a martensitic state after quench cooling.
A system and apparatus for conducting a modified Jominy end-quench test of a metal composition having an Austenitizing temperature and a critical cooling rate may comprise a bar, comprising the metal composition, said bar having a hemispherical tip and a bar length. The system may also comprise a bar receptacle. The system may also comprise a quenchant. Additionally, the system may also comprise a quenchant discharge apparatus as a quenchant nozzle. In the system a portion of the hemispherical tip of the bar passes through a portion of the bar receptacle, exposing it to a quenchant exiting the quenchant nozzle with a gap existing between the quenchant nozzle and the hemispherical tip of the bar. This is useful in characterizing an alloy's hardenability and residual stresses for finite element analysis and part design.
A process for reducing film boiling by keeping the quenchant pressure above the vapor pressure of the liquid quenchant, and/or using a controlled quenchant renewal to more uniformly cool the surface of part at the initial moment of contact and apparatuses to conduct the pressure and controlled quenchant renewal are disclosed. It is believed that these processes will improve the heat treating of parts with intricate geometries to provide predictable part distortion. The applicability of the method to gun barrels, tubes, round rings, and hollow axles is explained.
C21D 9/10 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes shotgun barrels
5.
HIGH PRESSURE INSTANTANEOUSLY UNIFORM QUENCH TO CONTROL PART PROPERTIES
A process for reducing film boiling by keeping the quenchant pressure above the vapor pressure of the liquid quenchant, and/or using a controlled quenchant renewal to more uniformly cool the surface of part at the initial moment of contact and apparatuses to conduct the pressure and controlled quenchant renewal are disclosed. It is believed that these processes will improve the heat treating of parts with intricate geometries to provide predictable part distortion. The applicability of the method to gun barrels, tubes, round rings, and hollow axles is explained.
C21D 1/667 - Quenching devices for spray quenching
C21D 9/00 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
C21D 9/10 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes shotgun barrels
C21D 9/28 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
