Abstract

A system, comprising: main circuitry, comprising: a central processor; memory comprising software instructions which when executed by the central processor cause the central processor to: selectively apply one or more software audio effects to an audio signal to generate a first software processed audio signal; and output the first software processed audio signal; audio processing circuitry, comprising: an audio processor configured to: receive the first software processed audio signal; apply first hardware audio effects to the first software audio signal to generate a first hardware processed audio signal; and output an output audio signal derived from the first hardware processed audio signal; and a controller configured to dynamically adjust the first hardware audio effects applied to the first software processed audio signal in dependence on a characteristic of the first software processed audio signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 3/16 - Sound inputSound output
• H03F 3/183 - Low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers with semiconductor devices only

Abstract

A system, comprising: main circuitry, comprising: a central processor; memory comprising software instructions which when executed by the central processor cause the central processor to: selectively apply one or more software audio effects to an audio signal to generate a first software processed audio signal; and output the first software processed audio signal; audio processing circuitry, comprising: an audio processor configured to: receive the first software processed audio signal; apply first hardware audio effects to the first software audio signal to generate a first hardware processed audio signal; and output an output audio signal derived from the first hardware processed audio signal; and a controller configured to dynamically adjust the first hardware audio effects applied to the first software processed audio signal in dependence on a characteristic of the first software processed audio signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 3/16 - Sound inputSound output

Abstract

Circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a comparator having a first comparator input, a second comparator input and a comparator output; a feedback path between the comparator output and the second comparator input configured to provide a feedback signal to the second comparator input; an integrator in the feedback path, the integrator comprising a data input coupled to the comparator output and in integrator output; and a loop filter configured to apply filtering to the feedback path to generate the feedback signal, wherein the loop filter comprises the electrochemical cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/416 - Systems
• G01N 27/30 - Electrodes, e.g. test electrodesHalf-cells
• G01R 19/165 - Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values

Abstract

This application relates to methods and apparatus for controlling a switching driver to drive a load with a drive signal based on an input signal. A controller is configured to control modulation of at least one driver output node between selected switching voltages of a set of at least four different switching voltages to generate the drive signal. The output node is modulated according to a switching pattern and the controller is configured such that, for a given level of drive signal, the controller can selectively operate with a plurality of different switching patterns and selects an appropriate switching pattern to control at least one parameter of the switching driver other than the drive voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/00 - Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
• H03F 3/181 - Low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers
• H03F 3/217 - Class D power amplifiersSwitching amplifiers

Abstract

A system may include a battery, a protection field-effect transistor electrically coupled to a first terminal of the battery, such that when the protection field-effect transistor is deactivated, substantially zero electrical current flows to and from the battery, and a battery management system electrically coupled to the protection field-effect transistor and configured to sense a first voltage across the protection field-effect transistor and control the protection field-effect transistor based on the first voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 50/574 - Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte

Abstract

A system may include a battery, a protection field-effect transistor electrically coupled to a first terminal of the battery, such that when the protection field-effect transistor is deactivated, substantially zero electrical current flows to and from the battery, and a battery management system electrically coupled to the protection field-effect transistor and configured to sense a first voltage across the protection field-effect transistor and control the protection field-effect transistor based on the first voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to switching drivers for driving a transducer. A switching driver (202) has supply nodes for receiving supply voltages (VSH, VSL) defining at least one input voltage and an output node (104). A controller (205) controls operation of the first switching driver to generate a drive signal for the transducer at the output node (104), based on an input signal (Sin). A first capacitor (201a) is connected between first and second capacitor nodes (104, 204a) and a second capacitor (201b) is connected between the second capacitor node (204a) and a third capacitor node (204b). A network of switches (203) selectively connects any of the driver output node, the second capacitor node and the third capacitor node to either of a respective pair of said supply nodes, with the first capacitor node connected to the first driver output node.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/16 - Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
• H03K 17/06 - Modifications for ensuring a fully conducting state
• H04R 3/00 - Circuits for transducers

Abstract

A system may include an SCB2L comprising a plurality of switches, a first power inductor and a second power inductor electrically coupled to the plurality of switches, and a flying capacitor electrically coupled to the plurality of switches, wherein the plurality of switches are controllable in a periodic manner among a plurality of switch configurations in order to generate an output voltage from an input voltage received by the SCB2L. The plurality of switch configurations may include a first switch configuration in which electrical charge on the flying capacitor is increased and a second switch configuration in which electrical charge on the flying capacitor is decreased. The system may also include a control subsystem configured to selectively increase and decrease a difference in time between a first duration of the first switch configuration and a second duration of the second switch configuration within switching cycles of the SCB2L.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters

Abstract

A system (200) may include a set of redundant circuit elements (202), detection circuitry (204) configured to detect a respective error for each circuit element of the set of redundant circuit elements, and control circuitry (206, 208) configured to selectively enable and disable one or more of the set of redundant circuit elements for functional use in a circuit based on the respective errors.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 19/003 - Modifications for increasing the reliability

Abstract

A system may include a set of redundant circuit elements, detection circuitry configured to detect a respective error for each circuit element of the set of redundant circuit elements, and control circuitry configured to selectively enable and disable one or more of the set of redundant circuit elements for functional use in a circuit based on the respective errors.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 11/10 - Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out nines or elevens
• G06F 11/16 - Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware

Abstract

This application relates to methods and apparatus for controlling a switching driver to drive a load with a drive signal based on an input signal. A controller is configured to control modulation of at least one driver output node between selected switching voltages of a set of at least four different switching voltages to generate the drive signal. The output node is modulated according to a switching pattern and the controller is configured such that, for a given level of drive signal, the controller can selectively operate with a plurality of different switching patterns and selects an appropriate switching pattern to control at least one parameter of the switching driver other than the drive voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/56 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
• H04R 3/00 - Circuits for transducers

Abstract

A system, comprising: a plurality of distributed smart devices comprising: a first smart device having a first microphone; a second smart device having a second microphone; and processing circuitry, configured to: receive, from the first microphone, a first microphone signal comprising speech of a user; receive, from the second microphone, a second microphone signal comprising the speech of the user; determine an orientation of the user's head relative to the first smart device and the second smart device based on the first microphone signal and the second microphone signal, wherein determining the orientation of the user's head comprises comparing first power levels in a plurality of frequency bands of the first microphone signal; and controlling one or more of the plurality of distributed smart devices based on the determined orientation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G10L 25/30 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups characterised by the analysis technique using neural networks
• G10L 25/21 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups characterised by the type of extracted parameters the extracted parameters being power information

Abstract

This application relates to methods and apparatus for controlling a switching driver to drive a load with a drive signal based on an input signal. A controller is configured to control modulation of at least one driver output node between selected switching voltages of a set of at least four different switching voltages to generate the drive signal. The output node is modulated according to a switching pattern and the controller is configured such that, for a given level of drive signal, the controller can selectively operate with a plurality of different switching patterns and selects an appropriate switching pattern to control at least one parameter of the switching driver other than the drive voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/217 - Class D power amplifiersSwitching amplifiers
• H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
• H04R 3/00 - Circuits for transducers

Abstract

A system may include an SCB2L comprising a plurality of switches, a first power inductor and a second power inductor electrically coupled to the plurality of switches, and a flying capacitor electrically coupled to the plurality of switches, wherein the plurality of switches are controllable in a periodic manner among a plurality of switch configurations in order to generate an output voltage from an input voltage received by the SCB2L. The plurality of switch configurations may include a first switch configuration in which electrical charge on the flying capacitor is increased and a second switch configuration in which electrical charge on the flying capacitor is decreased. The system may also include a control subsystem configured to selectively increase and decrease a difference in time between a first duration of the first switch configuration and a second duration of the second switch configuration within switching cycles of the SCB2L.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 1/14 - Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

This application relates to switching driver apparatus configured to drive a load with a differential drive signal, where apparatus includes a DC-DC converter configured to generate a boosted voltage from first and second supply voltages. A switching driver has a network of switches for connecting each of first and second output nodes to any of the first supply voltage, the second supply voltage and the boosted voltage. A controller selectively controls the network of switches in a plurality of modes, including a first mode in which one of the first and second output nodes is modulated between the first supply voltage and the boosted voltage with a controlled duty-cycle and the other one of the first and second output nodes is maintained at the second supply voltage. In the first mode, the controller is configured to dynamically control an average current limit for the DC-DC converter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/157 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control

Abstract

Circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the electrochemical cell comprising at least one working electrode and a counter electrode, the circuitry comprising: driver circuitry configured to apply a working bias voltage to the at least one working electrode and a counter bias voltage at the counter electrode to produce a first voltage bias between the at least one working electrode and the counter electrode; control circuitry configured to adjust the first voltage bias over a first bias range by varying the working bias voltage and the counter bias voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/416 - Systems
• G01N 27/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
• G01N 27/30 - Electrodes, e.g. test electrodesHalf-cells

Abstract

A system may include a modulator configured to generate switching signals for a switching circuit based on a control variable, the modulator comprising a quantizer configured to, for a range of values of the control variable within a predetermined difference from a boundary of the control variable between a first operational mode and a second operational mode of the switching circuit, bias the control variable by a bias amount to increase a probability of operating the switching circuit in the first operational mode for a switching cycle if a previous switching cycle of the switching circuit was in the second operational mode; and increase a probability of operating the switching circuit in the second operational mode for the switching cycle if the previous switching cycle of the switching circuit was in the first operational mode.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/14 - Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
• H02M 1/088 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

A sensor on an earpiece is used to attempt to detect a signal corresponding to a heartbeat. If a heartbeat is detected, it can be determined that the earpiece is being worn by a user. The sensor may be an acoustic transducer on a surface of the earpiece that is located within the wearer's ear canal, while the earpiece is being worn normally.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/349 - Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons

Abstract

A method may include measuring one or more of a first period of time in which a power inductor current through the power inductor is below zero and a second period of time taken by a voltage of a node of the power converter to drop below a predetermined threshold during a switching dead-time of the power converter. The method may also include, based on at least one of the first period of time and the second period of time, modifying one or more of a feedforward term to the control signal for controlling the plurality of switches, a loop bandwidth of a control loop comprising the closed loop controller, and a pulse width of the control signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

A computing system comprising: a computation unit configured to receive a series of input data values and generate a series of output data values by performing operations on at least one received input data value and/or generated output data value; an input to receive a tunable performance parameter separate to the series of input data values; and a controller, wherein the controller is configured, as a function of the received tunable performance parameter, to issue a control signal to the computation unit to control a level of accuracy of the operations and thereby affect a performance metric of the computation unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 3/091 - Active learning
• G06N 3/045 - Combinations of networks

Abstract

A system may include a power converter configured to operate in a plurality of modes including a low-power mode, a transitional mode, and a high-power mode, and further configured to generate a load current to a load coupled to the output of the power converter and a controller configured to during operation in the low-power mode, infer an increase in the load current; in response to inferring the increase in the load current, enter the transitional mode to enable circuitry associated with the high-power mode; and transition from the transitional mode to operation in the high-power mode once the circuitry associated with the high-power mode is fully enabled.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 3/157 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

A method may include measuring one or more of a first period of time in which a power inductor current through the power inductor is below zero and a second period of time taken by a voltage of a node of the power converter to drop below a predetermined threshold during a switching dead-time of the power converter. The method may also include, based on at least one of the first period of time and the second period of time, modifying one or more of a feedforward term to the control signal for controlling the plurality of switches, a loop bandwidth of a control loop comprising the closed loop controller, and a pulse width of the control signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

This application relates to methods and apparatus for outputting a modulated signal for driving a switching output stage. A modulator circuit includes a digital modulator that receives an input signal modified by a correction signal and outputs the modulated signal. A feedback node receives a feedback signal of the output of the switching output stage and a first filter receives and filters an inverted version of the modulated signal to generate a reference signal, such that the reference signal has gain and phase matching to the feedback signal. The reference signal and the feedback signal are both applied to a summation node to generate an analog correction signal which is input to an ADC. An error loop filter is configured to filter the ADC output to generate the digital correction signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 25/49 - Transmitting circuitsReceiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitterTransmitting circuitsReceiving circuits using predistortionTransmitting circuitsReceiving circuits using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrumTransmitting circuitsReceiving circuits using three or more amplitude levels

Abstract

Circuitry for determining an impedance of an electrochemical cell comprising at least one first electrode and a second electrode, the circuitry comprising: drive circuitry configured to apply a stimulus to the electrochemical cell; sense circuitry configured to measure a response of the electrochemical cell to the stimulus; and processing circuitry configured to: determine an estimated transfer function of the electrochemical cell based on the stimulus and the response; determine a score for the estimated transfer function; and adjust the stimulus or circuitry used to measure the response based on the score.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells

Abstract

A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) may include an integrator, an input network, and control circuitry. The input network may include a plurality of parallel taps, each having a signal delay such that at least two of the signal delays of the members of the plurality of parallel taps are different, and wherein each member is coupled between an input of the digital-to-analog converter and an input of the integrator. The control circuitry may be configured to selectively enable and disable particular members of the plurality of parallel taps in order to program an effective input resistance of the input network to control an analog gain of the DAC, such that the control circuitry enables, substantially contemporaneously, an even number of members at a time in order to increase the analog gain, with half of such enabled members in a first group and half of such enabled members in a second group.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/66 - Digital/analogue converters
• H03M 1/80 - Simultaneous conversion using weighted impedances
• H03M 1/82 - Digital/analogue converters with intermediate conversion to time interval
• H03M 1/06 - Continuously compensating for, or preventing, undesired influence of physical parameters

Abstract

Circuitry for processing an analyte signal obtained from an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: measurement circuitry having a first measurement input coupled to a first electrode of the electrochemical cell, the measurement circuitry configured to convert the analyte signal at the first measurement input to a first analog output signal; an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) having an first ADC input for receiving the first analog output signal, the ADC configured to convert the first analog output signal to a first digital output signal at an ADC output; compensation circuitry configured in a measurement mode to: apply a first compensation to the first digital output signal to obtain a first compensated digital output signal, the first compensation to compensate for non-linearity in the ADC; and apply a second compensation to the first compensated digital output signal to obtain a second compensated digital output signal, the second compensation to compensate for non-linearity in the measurement circuitry; control circuitry configured in a calibration mode to: apply a first calibration signal at the first ADC input and adapt the first compensation based on the first calibration signal and the first compensated digital output signal; and apply a second calibration signal at the first electrode and adapt the second compensation based on the second calibration signal and the second compensated digital output signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/10 - Calibration or testing
• G01N 27/26 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variablesInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
• H01M 6/02 - Details
• H01M 6/50 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature

Abstract

This application relates to methods and apparatus for modulator circuits, for outputting a modulated signal for driving a switching output stage. A first digital modulator generates the modulated signal based on an input signal modified by a correction signal. A second digital modulator generates a feedforward signal from the input signal, which is filtered by a first low-pass filter to provide a filtered feedforward signal. The correction signal is generated by an error path that processes an error signal which is generated as a difference between the filtered feedforward signal and a filtered feedback signal. The filtered feedback signal corresponds to a received feedback signal, indicative of an output from the switching output stage, with low-pass filtering applied. The error path has a loop filter with an analog input stage and the received feedback signal is applied to the error path downstream of the analog input stage for phase lead compensation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/217 - Class D power amplifiersSwitching amplifiers
• H04L 25/49 - Transmitting circuitsReceiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitterTransmitting circuitsReceiving circuits using predistortionTransmitting circuitsReceiving circuits using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrumTransmitting circuitsReceiving circuits using three or more amplitude levels

Abstract

A system detects degradation of battery health due to fast-charging and controls charging of the battery and/or provides indications of battery health while fast-charging. The system includes remove a battery charging circuit that controls a charging voltage waveform to supply charging current to a battery and a detection circuit that monitors a rate of change of the charging current and controls the charging voltage waveform responsive to an output of the detection circuit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

A thin-film resistor circuit for an integrated circuit provides low resistance by segmenting a thin-film resistor to provide a wider effective thin-film resistor in a smaller die. The die includes a substrate, multiple electronic devices integrated on the substrate and interconnected to form at least a portion of an electronic circuit, a plurality of interconnect lands arranged in a grid that interconnect the devices with external terminals, and a thin-film resistor implemented by two or more thin-film resistor segments that operate in parallel in the circuit. The segments are disposed between different pairs of adjacent columns of the grid interconnect lands, with one of the thin-film resistor segments electrically connected along its width to lands of a first column of the grid of interconnect lands, and another one of the thin-film resistor segments is electrically connected along its width to lands of a second column of the grid interconnect lands.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 1/20 - Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instrumentsStructural combinations of such elements with such instruments
• G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof

Abstract

A signal processing system may include a sensor readout channel configured to convert an electronic signal into a digital quantity. The sensor readout channel may include a sigma-delta modulator having a modulator input and a modulator output, first system-level chopping switches located at the modulator input, an auxiliary path comprising an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) having an auxiliary path input and an auxiliary path output, the auxiliary path input configured to receive as its input signal a signal output by a memory element of the sigma-delta modulator, second system-level chopping switches located downstream of the sigma-delta modulator and the auxiliary path, and a signal combiner configured to combine a modulator output signal generated by the sigma-delta modulator with an auxiliary path output signal generated by the auxiliary path to generate a combined output signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 3/00 - Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation
• G01R 19/22 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using conversion of AC into DC

Abstract

This application describes methods and apparatus for controlling a switching driver to drive a load with a differential drive signal, where the switching driver includes a DC-DC converter configured to generate a boosted voltage. A network of switches is configured so that first and second output nodes can be connected to any of first and second supply voltages or the boosted voltage. A controller controls the network of switches in at least first and second modes. In the first mode each of the first and second output nodes are modulated between the first and second supply voltages with a respective controlled duty cycle. In the second mode one of the first and second output nodes is modulated between the first supply voltage and the boosted voltage with a controlled duty-cycle and the other one of the first and second output nodes is maintained at the second supply voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 1/02 - Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
• H03F 3/183 - Low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers with semiconductor devices only
• H03F 3/217 - Class D power amplifiersSwitching amplifiers

Abstract

This application describes methods and apparatus for controlling a switching driver to drive a load with a differential drive signal, where the switching driver includes a DC-DC converter configured to generate a boosted voltage. A network of switches is configured so that first and second output nodes can be connected to any of first and second supply voltages or the boosted voltage. A controller controls the network of switches in at least first and second modes. In the first mode each of the first and second output nodes are modulated between the first and second supply voltages with a respective controlled duty cycle. In the second mode one of the first and second output nodes is modulated between the first supply voltage and the boosted voltage with a controlled duty-cycle and the other one of the first and second output nodes is maintained at the second supply voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04R 3/00 - Circuits for transducers
• H02M 3/155 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H03K 3/017 - Adjustment of width or dutycycle of pulses

Abstract

A method for varying a variable switching frequency of a power converter based on a variable external clock may include generating, with a queue, an internal clock signal with a same sequence of periods as the variable external clock and with a fixed delay from the variable external clock. The method may also include determining a period of the internal clock signal at a start of each cycle of the internal clock signal. The method may further include for each cycle of the internal clock signal, scaling a slope of a carrier signal of a modulator configured to generate one or more switching signals of the power converter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

A method for varying a variable switching frequency of a power converter based on a variable external clock may include generating, with a queue, an internal clock signal with a same sequence of periods as the variable external clock and with a fixed delay from the variable external clock. The method may also include determining a period of the internal clock signal at a start of each cycle of the internal clock signal. The method may further include for each cycle of the internal clock signal, scaling a slope of a carrier signal of a modulator configured to generate one or more switching signals of the power converter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
• H02M 3/157 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control

Abstract

This application relates to methods and apparatus for switched mode drivers. A BTL driver has a switch network operable in different switch states, wherein, in each switch state, each of first and second output nodes is connected to a respective one of a first switching voltage, a second switching voltage or an intermediate switching voltage between the first and second switching voltages which is provided by a driver capacitance. A controller is configured to control the switch network to operate in a sequence of switch states to generate a differential drive signal based on an input signal. The controller is configured such that operation of driver switch network in said sequence of switch states to generate said differential drive signal provides voltage regulation of the intermediate voltage provided by said driver capacitance.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
• H03H 7/01 - Frequency selective two-port networks
• H04R 3/04 - Circuits for transducers for correcting frequency response

Abstract

This application relates to methods and apparatus for switched mode drivers. A BTL driver has a switch network operable in different switch states, wherein, in each switch state, each of first and second output nodes is connected to a respective one of a first switching voltage, a second switching voltage or an intermediate switching voltage between the first and second switching voltages which is provided by a driver capacitance. A controller is configured to control the switch network to operate in a sequence of switch states to generate a differential drive signal based on an input signal. The controller is configured such that operation of driver switch network in said sequence of switch states to generate said differential drive signal provides voltage regulation of the intermediate voltage provided by said driver capacitance.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters

Abstract

This application relates to methods and apparatus for switched mode drivers. A BTL driver has a switch network operable in different switch states, wherein, in each switch state, each of first and second output nodes is connected to a respective one of a first switching voltage, a second switching voltage or an intermediate switching voltage between the first and second switching voltages which is provided by a driver capacitance. A controller is configured to control the switch network to operate in a sequence of switch states to generate a differential drive signal based on an input signal. The controller is configured such that operation of driver switch network in said sequence of switch states to generate said differential drive signal provides voltage regulation of the intermediate voltage provided by said driver capacitance.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/187 - Low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
• H03F 3/217 - Class D power amplifiersSwitching amplifiers
• H03F 3/30 - Single-ended push-pull amplifiersPhase-splitters therefor

Abstract

A successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter may include a reference digital-to-analog converter, a successive approximation register, and a top-plate sampled comparator configured to compare a reference signal generated by the reference digital-to-analog converter to an analog input signal in order to generate a comparator output to the successive approximation register. The top-plate sampled comparator may include sampling transistors, sampling switches, non-linear capacitors, and circuitry configured to pre-condition the comparator by maintaining a constant voltage across non-linear capacitors of the top-plate sampled comparator during a sampling phase of the comparator in order to maintain sampling linearity of the top-plate sampled comparator.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/12 - Analogue/digital converters
• H03M 1/46 - Analogue value compared with reference values sequentially only, e.g. successive approximation type with digital/analogue converter for supplying reference values to converter
• G11C 27/02 - Sample-and-hold arrangements

Abstract

A successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter may include a reference digital-to-analog converter, a successive approximation register, and a top-plate sampled comparator configured to compare a reference signal generated by the reference digital-to-analog converter to an analog input signal in order to generate a comparator output to the successive approximation register. The top-plate sampled comparator may include sampling transistors, sampling switches, non-linear capacitors, and circuitry configured to pre-condition the comparator by maintaining a constant voltage across non-linear capacitors of the top-plate sampled comparator during a sampling phase of the comparator in order to maintain sampling linearity of the top-plate sampled comparator.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/12 - Analogue/digital converters
• H03M 1/42 - Sequential comparisons in series-connected stages with no change in value of analogue signal
• H03M 1/46 - Analogue value compared with reference values sequentially only, e.g. successive approximation type with digital/analogue converter for supplying reference values to converter

Abstract

A system for measuring a current may include a current sensing component, a metal trace in close proximity to the current sensing component and thermally coupled to the current sensing component, and processing circuitry configured to sense a first voltage drop across the current sensing component, sense a second voltage drop across the metal trace, based on the second voltage drop, estimate a resistance of the current sensing component, and based on the first voltage drop and the resistance, estimate the current. 10

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 19/32 - Compensating for temperature change
• G01R 35/00 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
• H05K 1/16 - Printed circuits incorporating printed electric components, e.g. printed resistor, capacitor, inductor

Abstract

A power converter circuit provides stable operation over wide ranges of power source impedance supplying energy to the power converter circuit. The power converter circuit includes an input terminal for receiving energy from an external power source, and a switching converter circuit that receives an input current from the input terminal at an input terminal voltage level and produces an output current or voltage. The switching converter circuit receives a control variable that sets a level of the input current drawn from the input terminal. The power converter circuit also includes a control circuit that determines an indication of an impedance or a change in impedance between the external power source and the input terminal, and generates the control variable in conformity therewith, so that a voltage drop between the external power source and the input terminal is limited by adjustment of the control variable.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection

Abstract

A method for seamlessly traversing a non-linearity on a mode transition boundary of a power converter capable of operating in at least two distinct modes with distinct switching configurations may include maintaining a volt-second balance for the power converter across the mode transition boundary and maintaining an approximate capacitor charge balance for the power converter across the mode transition boundary.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H02M 3/00 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output

Abstract

A system may include sensing circuitry integral to an integrated circuit and configured to sense a voltage and a current associated with a field-effect transistor external to the integrated circuit and control circuitry integral to the integrated circuit and configured to, based on expected relationships between the current and the voltage, control operation of the field-effect transistor.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/082 - Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit

Abstract

A method for seamlessly traversing a non-linearity on a mode transition boundary of a power converter capable of operating in at least two distinct modes with distinct switching configurations may include maintaining a volt-second balance for the power converter across the mode transition boundary and maintaining an approximate capacitor charge balance for the power converter across the mode transition boundary.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an artificial neural network (ANN) computing system comprising: a buffer configured to store data indicative of input data received from an input device; an inference engine operative to process data from the buffer to generate an interest metric for the input data; and a controller. The controller is operative to control a mode of operation of the inference engine according to the interest metric for the input data.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 1/324 - Power saving characterised by the action undertaken by lowering clock frequency
• G06F 1/10 - Distribution of clock signals
• G06F 9/54 - Interprogram communication
• G06F 18/15 - Statistical pre-processing, e.g. techniques for normalisation or restoring missing data
• G06N 3/04 - Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
• G06N 3/082 - Learning methods modifying the architecture, e.g. adding, deleting or silencing nodes or connections
• G06N 5/04 - Inference or reasoning models

Abstract

A system for performing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for a battery, the system comprising: a switch operable to apply an AC stimulus signal to the battery; current monitor circuitry configured to be coupled to the battery and to provide a battery current signal indicative of a current through the battery; voltage monitor circuitry configured to be coupled to the battery and to output a battery voltage signal indicative of a voltage across at least one cell of the battery; a processing subsystem having a first input coupled to an output of the current monitoring circuitry and a second input coupled to an output of the voltage monitoring circuitry, wherein the processing subsystem is configured to determine an impedance of the at least one cell of the battery based on the battery current signal and the battery voltage signal while the AC stimulus signal is being applied to the battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/3842 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
• G01R 31/36 - Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte

Abstract

A system for performing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for a battery, the system comprising: a switch operable to apply an AC stimulus signal to the battery; current monitor circuitry configured to be coupled to the battery and to provide a battery current signal indicative of a current through the battery; voltage monitor circuitry configured to be coupled to the battery and to output a battery voltage signal indicative of a voltage across at least one cell of the battery; a processing subsystem having a first input coupled to an output of the current monitoring circuitry and a second input coupled to an output of the voltage monitoring circuitry, wherein the processing subsystem is configured to determine an impedance of the at least one cell of the battery based on the battery current signal and the battery voltage signal while the AC stimulus signal is being applied to the battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables

Abstract

A system may include sensing circuitry integral to an integrated circuit and configured to sense a voltage and a current associated with a field-effect transistor external to the integrated circuit and control circuitry integral to the integrated circuit and configured to, based on expected relationships between the current and the voltage, control operation of the field-effect transistor.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/26 - Testing of individual semiconductor devices
• G01R 31/27 - Testing of devices without physical removal from the circuit of which they form part, e.g. compensating for effects due to surrounding elements
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

This application describes multi-level programmable resistance memory cells (200,300,400, 600, 800) using charge-trapping-transistors (CTTs). A programmable resistance network is connected between two resistance nodes (A, B) and comprises a plurality of charge-trapping-transistors (T1…TN). The cell is operable in a programming mode to selectively programme each of the CTTs to a selected on-resistance state by programming an amount of charge trapped in the CTT; and in an output mode in which each of the of CTTs is driven with a respective gate-source voltage. The cell is configured such that a cell resistance between the two resistance terminals in the output mode can be selectively varied between at least three different resistance values by programming of the CTTs in the programming mode.

IPC Classes  ?

• G11C 11/56 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elementsStorage elements therefor using storage elements with more than two stable states represented by steps, e.g. of voltage, current, phase, frequency

Abstract

A switching converter system comprising a first converter phase and a second converter phase, the switching converter system being operable in: a power conversion mode in which the first and second converter phases are operative to generate a multi-phase output voltage at an output of the switching converter circuit; and a calibration mode in which the first converter phase is operative as a reference supply for the second converter phase to cause a flow of current between the first and second converter phases to enable detection of a characteristic of each of the first and second converter phases.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

A switching converter system comprising a first converter phase and a second converter phase, the switching converter system being operable in: a power conversion mode in which the first and second converter phases are operative to generate a multi-phase output voltage at an output of the switching converter circuit; and a calibration mode in which the first converter phase is operative as a reference supply for the second converter phase to cause a flow of current between the first and second converter phases to enable detection of a characteristic of each of the first and second converter phases.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

A driver circuit provides a load current to a light-emitting diode (LED) or other load, includes a driver stage having an output coupled to the light-emitting diode and having a power supply input for receiving input current having a DC component and a converter output voltage ripple waveform component. A multi-path controller sets a target value of the DC component of the load current according to a control value from a feedforward path and controls the DC component of the load current with a low-frequency feedback path and compensates for the converter output voltage ripple waveform component with a high-frequency feedback path to cancel at least a portion of a component of the converter output voltage ripple waveform conducted from the driver stage to the load. A current sensing circuit may provide a measure of the load current and the controller may implement a supply ripple compensator.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 45/36 - Circuits for reducing or suppressing harmonics, ripples or electromagnetic interferences [EMI]
• H05B 45/14 - Controlling the intensity of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
• H05B 45/347 - Dynamic headroom control [DHC]

Abstract

A detected sound signal may comprise speech or non-verbal sounds, and many non-verbal sounds contain health information. If the speech, or a non-verbal sound containing health information, was produced by an enrolled user, data relating to the sound can be stored in a storage element. A system also comprises a data modification block, for obfuscating received data to provide an obfuscated version of the stored data. The system then has a first access mechanism, for controlling access to the stored data such that only an authorised user can obtain access to said stored data, and a second access mechanism, for controlling access to said stored data such that the second access mechanism only provides access to the obfuscated version of the stored data.

IPC Classes  ?

• G10L 25/66 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination for extracting parameters related to health condition
• A61B 7/00 - Instruments for auscultation
• G16H 10/00 - ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data

Abstract

An integrated circuit (IC), comprising: a first gain stage configured to apply a first gain to a first signal to generate a first amplified signal; a first converter configured to convert the first signal to a first output signal; a first output pin for outputting the first output signal; gain update circuitry configured to: output a first internal gain control signal to the first gain stage to update the first gain of the first gain stage, subsequently output a first external gain control signal to a second output pin of the IC, wherein output of the first external gain control signal is delayed relative to output of the first internal gain control signal by a first predetermined delay, the first predetermined delay to compensate for signal chain delay between the first gain stage and the first output pin.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03G 3/30 - Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
• H03F 3/04 - Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements with semiconductor devices only

Abstract

In an example there is provided a first integrated circuit. The first integrated circuit is configured to receive an audio signal and configured to drive an audio transducer based on the received audio signal. The first integrated circuit is configured to transmit a portion of the audio signal to a second integrated circuit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04R 3/14 - Cross-over networks
• G06F 3/16 - Sound inputSound output

Abstract

Reduced delay and improved threshold tracking over PVT in a comparator input circuit and comparator are provided by circuits that include an inverter stage having a first complementary pair of transistors connected in a push-pull configuration. An input of the inverter stage is coupled to the gates of the first complementary pair of transistors, and an output of the inverter is coupled to the drains of the first complementary pair of transistors. The circuits also include one or more first degeneration transistors coupled between a source of one of the first complementary pair of transistors and a power supply rail of the circuit, and a reference circuit with an output coupled to one or more gates of the first degeneration transistors. The reference circuit controls the one or more first degeneration transistors to cause the inverter stage to have a threshold voltage equal to a threshold control voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• G05F 1/56 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
• G05F 1/563 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices including two stages of regulation, at least one of which is output level responsive, e.g. coarse and fine regulation
• H03F 3/18 - Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements with semiconductor devices of complementary types
• H03F 3/26 - Push-pull amplifiersPhase-splitters therefor
• H03F 3/30 - Single-ended push-pull amplifiersPhase-splitters therefor
• G05F 1/46 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
• H03F 3/16 - Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements with semiconductor devices only with field-effect devices
• H03F 3/45 - Differential amplifiers

Abstract

An analog filter, comprising, a first-time encoding machine (TEM); and a first delay element.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/82 - Digital/analogue converters with intermediate conversion to time interval
• H03M 1/12 - Analogue/digital converters
• H03M 1/66 - Digital/analogue converters

Abstract

An integrated circuit may include a substrate comprising a first sub-region enclosed by a junction structure and a second sub-region outside the junction structure. The integrated circuit may also include a first compound transistor formed over the first sub-region and comprising a first metal interconnect structure electrically contacted to the first sub-region and the junction structure and a second compound transistor formed over the second sub-region and comprising a second metal interconnect structure electrically contacted to the second sub-region.

IPC Classes  ?

• H10D 84/01 - Manufacture or treatment
• H10D 84/08 - Manufacture or treatment characterised by using material-based technologies using combinations of technologies, e.g. using both Si and SiC technologies or using both Si and Group III-V technologies
• H10D 62/17 - Semiconductor regions connected to electrodes not carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. channel regions
• H10D 62/824 - Heterojunctions comprising only Group III-V materials heterojunctions, e.g. GaN/AlGaN heterojunctions
• H01L 21/76 - Making of isolation regions between components
• H01L 21/761 - PN junctions
• H10D 30/47 - FETs having zero-dimensional [0D], one-dimensional [1D] or two-dimensional [2D] charge carrier gas channels having 2D charge carrier gas channels, e.g. nanoribbon FETs or high electron mobility transistors [HEMT]
• H10D 84/05 - Manufacture or treatment characterised by using material-based technologies using Group III-V technology

Abstract

This application relates to methods and apparatus for driving a transducer. A transducer driver has a switch network that is operable to selectively connect a driver output to any of a first set of at least three different switching voltages which are, in use, maintained throughout a switching cycle of the driver apparatus. The switch network is also operable to selectively connect the driver output to flying capacitor driver. A controller is configured to control the switch network and flying capacitor driver to generate a drive signal at the driver output based on an input signal, wherein in one mode of operation the driver output is switched between two of the first set of switching voltages with a controlled duty cycle and in another mode of operation the driver output is connected to the flying capacitor driver which is switched between first and second states with a controlled duty cycle.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H03F 3/217 - Class D power amplifiersSwitching amplifiers
• H04R 3/00 - Circuits for transducers

Abstract

A charge field-effect linear charger (104) for charging a battery (102) may include a charge pump (120) configured to drive a field-effect transistor (106) external to the charge field-effect linear charger (104) and a variable output impedance (122) for the charge pump (120), the variable output impedance (122) depending on a mode of operation of the charge field-effect linear charger (104) and an impedance of the field-effect transistor (106).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/06 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
• G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to circuitry comprising: digital circuitry configured to generate a digital output signal; and monitoring circuitry configured to monitor a supply voltage to the digital circuitry and to output a control signal for controlling operation of the digital circuitry, wherein the control signal is based on the supply voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/10 - Calibration or testing
• G05F 3/26 - Current mirrors
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• H02P 7/29 - Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using pulse modulation
• H02P 7/295 - Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual DC dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using static converters, e.g. AC to DC of the kind having one thyristor or the like in series with the power supply and the motor
• H03K 7/08 - Duration or width modulation
• H03M 1/50 - Analogue/digital converters with intermediate conversion to time interval

Abstract

Reduced delay and improved threshold tracking over PVT in a comparator input circuit and comparator are provided by circuits that include an inverter stage having a first complementary pair of transistors connected in a push-pull configuration. An input of the inverter stage is coupled to the gates of the first complementary pair of transistors, and an output of the inverter is coupled to the drains of the first complementary pair of transistors. The circuits also include one or more first degeneration transistors coupled between a source of one of the first complementary pair of transistors and a power supply rail of the circuit, and a reference circuit with an output coupled to one or more gates of the first degeneration transistors. The reference circuit controls the one or more first degeneration transistors to cause the inverter stage to have a threshold voltage equal to a threshold control voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 19/00 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one outputInverting circuits
• H03K 19/003 - Modifications for increasing the reliability
• H03K 19/017 - Modifications for accelerating switching in field-effect transistor circuits
• H03K 19/0948 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one outputInverting circuits using specified components using semiconductor devices using field-effect transistors using MOSFET using CMOS

Abstract

An automotive haptic control system for controlling a haptic output of a haptic actuator of an automobile, the haptic control system comprising: a haptic controller configured to: obtain vibrational information indicative of a level of ambient vibration in an operational environment of the haptic actuator, wherein the operational environment is an automotive environment; determine the level of ambient vibration from the vibrational information; and generate a haptic control signal for use in controlling the haptic output of the haptic actuator, wherein a value of the haptic control signal is a function of the level of ambient vibration.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60W 50/16 - Tactile feedback to the driver, e.g. vibration or force feedback to the driver on the steering wheel or the accelerator pedal
• B60W 50/00 - Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit
• G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer

Abstract

A battery charging system prevents or reduces deterioration of battery health due to fast-charging. The battery charging system includes a battery composed of one or more re-chargeable cells, a battery charging circuit that controls a charging waveform supplied to the battery, and a detection circuit that detects a decrease in resistance of the battery at an AC signal frequency greater than or equal to 200 Hz. The battery charging circuit controls the charging waveform responsive to an output of the detection circuit. In another battery charging system, the battery has multiple re-chargeable cells. The charging circuit apportions charging waveforms at the cells, and the detection circuit that detects a decrease in resistance of a cell at the AC signal frequency. The battery charging circuit and balancing circuit controls apportioning of the individual charging waveforms responsive to an output of the detection circuit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

A system may include a multi-level power converter comprising a power inductor and a plurality of switches and a controller configured to control the plurality of switches such that the multi-level power converter generates a regulated output voltage from an input voltage to the multi-level power converter, monitor an average inductor current through the power inductor, and operate the multi-level power converter in one of a continuous conduction mode and a discontinuous conduction mode based on the average inductor current.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

A health monitoring device, comprising: processing circuitry configured to generate a test monitor signal, the test monitor signal configured to imitate a monitor signal of interest; transmission circuitry configured to transmit the test monitor signal over the signal path to a host device, the test monitor signal for determining at the host device an integrity of the signal path for transmission of the monitor signal of interest over the signal path.

IPC Classes  ?

• G16H 40/67 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilitiesICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for remote operation
• G16H 80/00 - ICT specially adapted for facilitating communication between medical practitioners or patients, e.g. for collaborative diagnosis, therapy or health monitoring

Abstract

An automotive haptic control system for controlling a haptic output of a haptic actuator of an automobile, the haptic control system comprising: a haptic controller configured to: obtain vibrational information indicative of a level of ambient vibration in an operational environment of the haptic actuator, wherein the operational environment is an automotive environment; determine the level of ambient vibration from the vibrational information; and generate a haptic control signal for use in controlling the haptic output of the haptic actuator, wherein a value of the haptic control signal is a function of the level of ambient vibration.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
• B60K 35/10 - Input arrangements, i.e. from user to vehicle, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor

Abstract

A system may include a multi-level power converter comprising a power inductor and a plurality of switches and a controller configured to control the plurality of switches such that the multi-level power converter generates a regulated output voltage from an input voltage to the multi-level power converter, monitor an average inductor current through the power inductor, and operate the multi-level power converter in one of a continuous conduction mode and a discontinuous conduction mode based on the average inductor current.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode

Abstract

A system may include a multi-level power converter comprising a plurality of switches, a power inductor electrically coupled to the plurality of switches, and a flying capacitor coupled to the plurality of switches, wherein the plurality of switches are controllable among a plurality of switch configurations in order to generate an output voltage from an input voltage received by the multi-level power converter. The system may also include a flying capacitor voltage control loop configured to, based on an error signal between a measurement of a flying capacitor voltage across terminals of the flying capacitor and a flying capacitor reference voltage, generate switch control signals for switching among the plurality of switch configurations in order to regulate the flying capacitor voltage and a compensator configured to apply compensation to the flying capacitor voltage control loop based on a measurement of an inductor current flowing through the power inductor.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/06 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

A system may include a power inductor electrically coupled to the plurality of switches, and a flying capacitor coupled to the plurality of switches, wherein the plurality of switches are controllable among a plurality of switch configurations in order to generate an output voltage from an input voltage received by the multi-level power converter. The system may also include a flying capacitor voltage control loop configured to, based on an error signal between a measurement of a flying capacitor voltage across terminals of the flying capacitor and a flying capacitor reference voltage, generate switch control signals for switching among the plurality of switch configurations in order to regulate the flying capacitor voltage and a compensator configured to apply compensation to the flying capacitor reference voltage based on a measurement of the input voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 1/084 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

A charge field-effect linear charger for charging a battery may include a charge pump configured to drive a field-effect transistor external to the charge field-effect linear charger and a variable output impedance for the charge pump, the variable output impedance depending on a mode of operation of the charge field-effect linear charger and an impedance of the field-effect transistor.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

Circuitry for measurement of electrochemical cells Circuitry for processing a sense signal obtained from an electrochemical cell having a first electrode and a second electrode, the circuitry comprising: drive circuitry configured to apply a first voltage at a first electrode; measurement circuitry configured to measure the sense current at the second electrode and output a sense signal based on the measured sense current; control circuitry configured to: generate an output signal based on the sense signal; and adapt the first voltage based on the output signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/02 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
• G01N 27/327 - Biochemical electrodes

Abstract

Circuitry for processing a sense signal obtained from an electrochemical cell having a first electrode and a second electrode, the circuitry comprising: drive circuitry configured to apply a first voltage at a first electrode; measurement circuitry configured to measure the sense current at the second electrode and output a sense signal based on the measured sense current; control circuitry configured to: generate an output signal based on the sense signal; and adapt the first voltage based on the output signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/416 - Systems
• G01N 27/333 - Ion-selective electrodes or membranes

Abstract

A method of controlling a vibrational transducer, the method comprising: tracking a temperature metric of the vibrational transducer; and controlling a drive signal for the vibrational transducer, where the drive signal is limited to a value to protect the vibrational transducer from over excursion, and where said value is a function of the tracked temperature metric.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04R 3/00 - Circuits for transducers
• H04R 9/02 - Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type Details
• H04R 29/00 - Monitoring arrangementsTesting arrangements

Abstract

A device may include a processor and a physical interface communicatively coupled to the processor and configured to communicatively couple to a second device via a wired communication link having a communications protocol comprising a plurality of signaling types, and further configured to detect a presence or absence of signaling on the wired communication link based on one or more signal properties of a signal on the wired communication link, and detect a signaling type, from the plurality of signaling types, of signaling on the wired communication link based on one or more signal properties of the signal on the wired communication link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 69/18 - Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
• H04L 12/12 - Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof
• H04L 69/28 - Timers or timing mechanisms used in protocols

Abstract

A system for transmission of primary and secondary data, the system comprising: a bus; a parent node coupled to the bus; and a plurality of child nodes, each coupled to the bus, wherein: the parent node is configured to periodically transmit a time domain multiplexing (TDM) cycle beacon to the bus, wherein the TDM cycle beacon signals a start of a primary data transmission interval, and wherein the primary data transmission interval is a period reserved for transmission of primary data by the parent node and the plurality of child nodes; the parent node and each of the plurality of child nodes are operable to, responsive to the TDM cycle beacon, transmit primary data for a current TDM beacon period associated with the TDM cycle beacon to the bus during the primary data transmission interval; and the parent node and the plurality of child nodes are operable to transmit secondary data to the bus during a secondary data transmission interval between an end of the primary transmission interval and transmission by the parent node of a next TDM cycle beacon.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 12/417 - Bus networks with decentralised control with deterministic access, e.g. token passing

Abstract

A power converter system, comprising: a main device; one or more secondary devices, each comprising: one or more switching converters; and a signal generator configured to generate a modulated signal for controlling the one or more switching converters, wherein a period of the modulated signal is pseudo- randomly adjusted within a predetermined period range; and a data bus comprising a data line for data transmission between the main device and the plurality of secondary devices, and a clock line for transmitting an interface clock signal; wherein the main device is configured to transmit a synchronization frame to the plurality of secondary devices; wherein each of the one or more secondary devices is configured to time align generation of the modulated signal in dependence on the synchronization frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 1/15 - Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output using active elements
• H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
• H02M 3/157 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H03K 7/06 - Frequency or rate modulation, i.e. PFM or PRM
• H03K 7/08 - Duration or width modulation

Abstract

A system may include a sensor and a measurement circuit communicatively coupled to the sensor and configured to measure phase information associated with the sensor, based on the phase information, determine a change in capacitance and a change in inductance associated with the sensor, and detect physical interaction by a user with a mechanical member associated with the sensor based on the change in capacitance and the change in inductance.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
• G01D 5/20 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
• G01D 5/24 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
• G01D 5/243 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the phase or frequency of AC
• H03K 17/95 - Proximity switches using a magnetic detector

Abstract

In an example, an audio system, which may comprise an integrated circuit, comprises an amplifier and a combiner. The amplifier is configured to output a first amplified audio signal to a speaker. The combiner is configured to: receive the first amplified audio signal from the amplifier, receive a second audio signal, combine the first amplified audio signal and second audio signal into a combined signal, and output the combined signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04M 9/08 - Two-way loud-speaking telephone systems with means for conditioning the signal, e.g. for suppressing echoes for one or both directions of traffic
• H04R 3/12 - Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers

Abstract

A system may include a sensor and a measurement circuit communicatively coupled to the sensor and configured to measure phase information associated with the sensor, based on the phase information, determine a change in capacitance and a change in inductance associated with the sensor, and detect physical interaction by a user with a mechanical member associated with the sensor based on the change in capacitance and the change in inductance.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 3/044 - Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means

Abstract

A system for transmission of primary and secondary data, the system comprising: a bus; a parent node coupled to the bus; and a plurality of child nodes, each coupled to the bus, wherein: the parent node is configured to periodically transmit a time domain multiplexing (TDM) cycle beacon to the bus, wherein the TDM cycle beacon signals a start of a primary data transmission interval, and wherein the primary data transmission interval is a period reserved for transmission of primary data by the parent node and the plurality of child nodes; the parent node and each of the plurality of child nodes are operable to, responsive to the TDM cycle beacon, transmit primary data for a current TDM beacon period associated with the TDM cycle beacon to the bus during the primary data transmission interval; and the parent node and the plurality of child nodes are operable to transmit secondary data to the bus during a secondary data transmission interval between an end of the primary transmission interval and transmission by the parent node of a next TDM cycle beacon.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 12/43 - Loop networks with decentralised control with synchronous transmission, e.g. time division multiplex [TDM], slotted rings
• H04L 12/28 - Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
• H04L 12/40 - Bus networks

Abstract

A method of detecting a replay attack comprises: receiving an audio signal representing speech; identifying speech content present in at least a portion of the audio signal; obtaining information about a frequency spectrum of each portion of the audio signal for which speech content is identified; and, for each portion of the audio signal for which speech content is identified: retrieving information about an expected frequency spectrum of the audio signal; comparing the frequency spectrum of portions of the audio signal for which speech content is identified with the respective expected frequency spectrum; and determining that the audio signal may result from a replay attack if a measure of a difference between the frequency spectrum of the portions of the audio signal for which speech content is identified and the respective expected frequency spectrum exceeds a threshold level.

IPC Classes  ?

• G10L 15/20 - Speech recognition techniques specially adapted for robustness in adverse environments, e.g. in noise or of stress induced speech
• G06F 21/32 - User authentication using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voiceprints
• G10L 15/06 - Creation of reference templatesTraining of speech recognition systems, e.g. adaptation to the characteristics of the speaker's voice
• G10L 15/22 - Procedures used during a speech recognition process, e.g. man-machine dialog
• G10L 21/0208 - Noise filtering

Abstract

Circuitry for processing an analyte signal obtained from an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a converter, comprising: a first converter input configured to receive the analyte signal; a second converter input; and a converter output configured to output a converted analyte signal, the converter configured to generate the converted analyte signal in dependence on the analyte signal; a loop filter configured to filter a signal derived from the converted analyte signal to obtain a filtered analyte signal at a filter output; and a feedback path between the filter output and the second converter input.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/12 - Analogue/digital converters
• H03M 1/66 - Digital/analogue converters
• H03M 3/00 - Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation

Abstract

A measurement system comprising: power converter circuitry; and measurement circuitry, wherein the measurement circuitry is operative to control a timing of a refresh of the power converter circuitry so as to avoid conflict with a measurement operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01D 3/08 - Measuring arrangements with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups of this group with provision for safeguarding the apparatus, e.g. against abnormal operation, against breakdown
• G01R 19/165 - Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
• H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
• H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters

Abstract

Circuitry for processing an analyte signal obtained from an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a converter, comprising: a first converter input configured to receive the analyte signal; a second converter input; and a converter output configured to output a converted analyte signal, the converter configured to generate the converted analyte signal in dependence on the analyte signal; a loop filter configured to filter a signal derived from the converted analyte signal to obtain a filtered analyte signal at a filter output; and a feedback path between the filter output and the second converter input.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/327 - Biochemical electrodes

Abstract

Circuitry for monitoring a characteristic of a battery cell integrated into a wearable device, the circuitry configured to: upon installation of the battery cell into the wearable device: obtaining a first signal from the battery cell; and upon activation of the wearable device after installation of the battery cell: obtain a second signal from the battery cell; and determine a characteristic of the battery cell based on the first signal and the second signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
• G01K 3/00 - Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• G01R 31/396 - Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery

Abstract

A system may include an analog amplifier configured to receive an input signal and generate an output signal based on the input signal and a sidecar amplifier coupled to the analog amplifier and configured to generate a compensation signal applied to the analog amplifier in order to correct a signal offset associated with the analog amplifier, the sidecar amplifier comprising a plurality of amplifier stages, each amplifier stage having a respective gain at least 10 decibels smaller than an overall gain of the sidecar amplifier.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/45 - Differential amplifiers

Abstract

A measurement system comprising: power converter circuitry; and measurement circuitry, wherein the measurement circuitry is operative to control a timing of a refresh of the power converter circuitry so as to avoid conflict with a measurement operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01D 3/032 - Measuring arrangements with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups of this group mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure affecting incoming signal, e.g. by averagingMeasuring arrangements with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups of this group mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure gating undesired signals
• H02M 3/155 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

Abstract

A voltage regulator may be configured to receive an input voltage at an input and generate an output voltage at an output. The voltage regulator may include a plurality of pass devices coupled in series between the input and the output, wherein a first device of the plurality of pass devices is closer to the input than the other of the plurality of pass devices embedded within a feedback loop of the voltage regulator and a gate bias network configured to bias gates of the plurality of pass devices such that the plurality of pass devices act as a single series device within a first voltage range of the input voltage and act as a series stack of cascode devices with the first device acting as a voltage-controlled current source within a second voltage range of the input voltage higher than the first voltage range and the output voltage is in a protected voltage domain immune from high-voltage transients of the input voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• G05F 1/575 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit

Abstract

A method for estimating current-dependent non-linear equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters of a battery may include measuring a battery voltage across terminals of the battery and a battery current drawn from the battery, modelling behavior of the battery with an impedance model having impedance model parameters, dynamically analyzing the battery current drawn from the battery by a load, dynamically determining safe operating limits for an augmented current for augmenting the current drawn by the load, based on analysis of the battery current and the safe operating limits, determining the augmented current, generating the augmented current to be drawn from the battery, and estimating the impedance model parameters when the augmented current is drawn from the battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• G01R 31/3842 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering

Abstract

A voltage regulator may be configured to receive an input voltage generate an output voltage. The regulator may include a plurality of pass devices coupled in series between the input and output, with a first device of the plurality of pass devices closer to the input than the other of the plurality of pass devices embedded within a feedback loop of the voltage regulator, and a gate bias network configured to bias gates of the pass devices such that the pass devices act as a single series device within a first voltage range of the input voltage and act as a series stack of cascode devices with the first device acting as a voltage-controlled current source within a second voltage range of the input voltage higher than the first voltage range and the output voltage is in a protected voltage domain immune from high-voltage transients of the input voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• G05F 1/571 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection with overvoltage detector
• G05F 1/575 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit
• G05F 1/595 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load semiconductor devices connected in series

Abstract

Apparatus for delivering power from a battery node of a battery to an output node, the output node coupled to an analyte monitoring device, the apparatus comprising: a slow charging path between the battery node and the output node; a fast charging path parallel to the slow charging path, the fast charging path switchably coupled between the battery node and the output node; and control circuitry configured to: selectively couple the fast charging path between the battery node and the output node to allow faster transfer of charge between the battery node and the output node than the slow charging path.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• G01N 27/403 - Cells and electrode assemblies
• G01R 31/385 - Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering

Abstract

A buck-boost converter for converting an input voltage at an input node into an output voltage at an output node, the converter comprising: first and second inductor nodes for connection of an inductor therebetween; a first converter stage coupled between the input node and the first inductor node; and a second converter stage coupled between the second inductor node and the output node, wherein one or more of the first converter stage and the second converter stage comprises a switching network, comprising: a first switch for selectively connecting a first flying capacitor node to a stage input node; a second switch for selectively connecting the first flying capacitor node to a stage output node; a third switch for selectively connecting a second flying capacitor node to the stage output node; and a fourth switch for selectively connecting the second flying capacitor node to a reference voltage, the first and second flying capacitor nodes for connection of a flying capacitor therebetween.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to circuitry for providing an output voltage. The circuitry comprises: voltage generator circuitry configured to provide an output voltage to an output node of the circuitry; current limiter circuitry operable to perform current limiting so as to limit a current supplied at the output node of the circuitry; detection circuitry configured to output a detection signal when a load voltage across a load coupled to the output node of the circuitry reaches a target voltage; and delay circuitry configured to receive the detection signal and to output a control signal to deactivate current limiting by the current limiter circuitry after a predetermined delay period after receiving the detection signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03G 1/00 - Details of arrangements for controlling amplification
• G06F 1/18 - Packaging or power distribution
• H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• H03F 1/52 - Circuit arrangements for protecting such amplifiers

Abstract

A method for estimating current-dependent non-linear equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters of a battery may include measuring a battery voltage across terminals of the battery and a battery current drawn from the battery, deriving linear ECM parameters for modeling a linear ECM of the battery with multiple resistive-capacitive elements with different time constants to characterize temporal behaviors of the battery, continuously tracking an impedance for each of the multiple resistive-capacitive elements and an open circuit voltage of the battery, continuously monitoring the battery current to detect high current events, continuously tracking a deviation for each of the multiple resistive-capacitive elements during the high current events, and deriving non-linear online ECM parameters based on the linear ECM parameters and the deviations for the multiple resistive-capacitive elements during the high current events.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• G01R 31/3842 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables

Abstract

A method for battery power management based on battery nonlinearity characterization and compensation using a nonlinear resistor-capacitor (RC) equivalent circuit model (ECM) may include: measuring a current, a terminal voltage, and a temperature of a battery; implementing the nonlinear RC ECM comprising fixed, logarithmically spaced time constants and current dependent resistances and capacitances; constraining resistances of the nonlinear RC ECM to be nonnegative and performing a nonlinearity characterization procedure using the nonlinear RC ECM configured to characterize variations of a battery impedance with current amplitudes over a range of frequencies and create ECM parameter variations with current amplitudes by fitting impedance variations by nonlinear RC ECMs; performing online estimation of the nonlinear RC ECM using a battery current and a terminal voltage of the battery over time; and modifying the online estimated nonlinear RC ECM using ECM parameter variations to compensate for nonlinearity of the battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• G01R 31/374 - Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
• G01R 31/3842 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables

Abstract

A system may include a power predictor configured to receive characteristic data relating to a battery for powering a load of a device and based on the characteristic data, generate a plurality of power prediction limits, comprising at least a first power prediction limit comprising information regarding a first available power level for the battery over a first time period and a second power prediction limit comprising information regarding a second available power level for the battery over a second time period. The system may also include a power prediction interface configured to communicate the plurality of power prediction limits to a controller, including updating the first power prediction limit at a first update rate different than a second update rate for updating the second power prediction limit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

A system may include a power predictor configured to receive characteristic data relating to a battery for powering a load of a device and based on the characteristic data, generate a plurality of power prediction limits, comprising at least a first power prediction limit comprising information regarding a first available power level for the battery over a first time period and a second power prediction limit comprising information regarding a second available power level for the battery over a second time period. The system May 10 also include a power prediction interface configured to communicate the plurality of power prediction limits to a controller, including updating the first power prediction limit at a first update rate different than a second update rate for updating the second power prediction limit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

A system for estimating current-dependent non-linear equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters of a battery may include measurement circuitry for measuring a battery voltage across terminals of the battery and a battery current drawn from the battery. The system may also include an impedance model having impedance model parameters, the impedance model for modelling behavior of the battery. The system may further include an augmented stimulus signal generator configured to dynamically analyze the battery current drawn from the battery by a load, based on analysis of the battery current, determine an augmented current for augmenting the current drawn by the load; and generate the augmented current to be drawn from the battery. The system may also include a battery model estimator for estimating the impedance model parameters when the augmented current is drawn from the battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• G01R 31/3842 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering

Abstract

Circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a hysteretic comparator having a first comparator input, a second comparator input and a comparator output; a feedback path between the comparator output and the second comparator input configured to provide a feedback signal to the second comparator input; and a loop filter configured to apply filtering to the feedback path to generate the feedback signal, wherein the loop filter comprises the electrochemical cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/327 - Biochemical electrodes
• G01R 19/165 - Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values