A system and method for performing facial recognition is described. In some implementations, the system and method identify points of a three-dimensional scan that are associated with occlusions, such as eyeglasses, to a face of a target subject and remove the identified points from the three-dimensional scan.
G06V 40/16 - Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
G06T 19/20 - Editing of 3D images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts
G06V 10/44 - Local feature extraction by analysis of parts of the pattern, e.g. by detecting edges, contours, loops, corners, strokes or intersectionsConnectivity analysis, e.g. of connected components
2.
TECHNIQUES FOR RANGE AND VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS IN A NON-DEGENERATE LIDAR SYSTEM
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system is provided that includes a first optical source and a second optical source configured to emit respectively a first optical beam and a second optical beam that are nondegenerate and are chirped antiphase, lensing optics to direct the first and second optical beams toward a target, and collect a first return signal and a second return signal, and a first optical detector and a second optical detector configured to generate a first signal from the first return signal mixed with a first local oscillator and a second signal from the second return signal mixed with the second local oscillator.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
3.
TECHNIQUES TO ASSOCIATE PEAKS IN MULTI-TARGET SCENARIOS IN COHERENT LIDAR SYSTEMS
A method includes transmitting a plurality of optical beams towards a plurality of targets, receiving a plurality of return signals based on reflections of the plurality of optical beams from the plurality of targets, and generating a first plurality of peaks each associated with a different up-chirp frequency of the plurality of optical beams and a second plurality of peaks each associated with a different down-chirp frequency of the plurality of optical beams. The method further includes determining peak shape similarities between each of the first plurality of peaks and the second plurality of peaks, pairing each peak of the first plurality of peaks with a peak of the second plurality of peaks based on the peak shape similarities, and identifying the plurality of targets based on the pairing.
The present disclosure provides an approach of receiving a return signal from a target based on an optical beam from an optical source. The approach samples the return signal, which includes a first frequency waveform, and converts the return signal to a frequency domain. The approach selects a matched filter that includes a second frequency waveform to match the first frequency waveform, and updates the matched filter by updating a set of coefficients of the second frequency waveform. The approach then filters the return signal by the updated matched filter to generate a filtered return signal to extract range and velocity information of the target.
G01S 7/48 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/08 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
5.
FMCW LIDAR SYSTEM WITH PASSIVE AMPLITUDE MODULATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF RANGE AND VELOCITY
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system has a passive modulator to modulate a light signal from an optical source with a low-power mode at a section of a sweep signal to generate a pulsed light signal transmitted towards a target. The LIDAR system has a photodetector to receive a return beam from the target with an amplitude modulated (AM) signal portion and a frequency modulated (FM) signal portion. The LIDAR system determines a target range value for the target based on the AM signal portion and determines a target velocity value for the target based on the FM signal portion.
G01S 7/4913 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 7/4915 - Time delay measurement, e.g. operational details for pixel componentsPhase measurement
G01S 17/06 - Systems determining position data of a target
G01S 17/26 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency-modulated or phase-modulated carrier wave, e.g. for pulse compression of received signals
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G05D 1/249 - Arrangements for determining position or orientation using signals provided by artificial sources external to the vehicle, e.g. navigation beacons from positioning sensors located off-board the vehicle, e.g. from cameras
6.
TECHNIQUES FOR PROVIDING COMBINED SIGNAL TO MULTI-MODE WAVEGUIDE PHOTODETECTOR
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) apparatus including free space optics to combine a target signal and a local oscillator signal to generate a combined signal. The LIDAR system also includes a set of multi-mode (MM) waveguides and a demultiplexer including a dispersive element. The demultiplexer configured to disperse, via the dispersive element, each respective wavelength of the combined signal at a corresponding angle, and reflect each respective wavelength of the combined signal to a corresponding MM waveguide of the set of MM waveguides.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 7/4913 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G02B 27/28 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups , for polarising
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system to generate a baseband signal in the time domain from the return signal, where the baseband signal includes frequencies corresponding to LIDAR target ranges; and a signal processing system coupled with the optical processing system to measure energy of the baseband signal in the frequency domain, to compare the energy to an estimate of LIDAR system noise, and to determine a likelihood that an signal peak in the frequency domain indicates a detected target.
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
8.
System and Method for Detecting Potential Matches Between a Candidate Biometric and a Dataset of Biometrics
A system and method for detecting a potential match between a candidate facial image and a dataset of facial images is described. Some implementations of the invention determine whether a candidate facial image (or multiple facial images) of a person taken, for example, at point of entry corresponds to one or more facial images stored in a dataset of persons of interest (e.g., suspects, criminals, terrorists, employees, VIPs, “whales,” etc.). Some implementations of the invention detect potential fraud in a dataset of facial images. In a first form of potential fraud, a same facial image is associated with multiple identities. In a second form of potential fraud, different facial images are associated with a single identity, as in the case, for example, of identity theft. According to various implementations of the invention, spectral clustering techniques are used to determine a likelihood that pairs of facial images (or pairs of facial image sets) correspond to the person or different persons.
Various implementations of the invention compensate for “phase wandering” in tunable laser sources. Phase wandering may negatively impact a performance of a lidar system that employ such laser sources, typically by reducing a coherence length/range of the lidar system, an effective bandwidth of the lidar system, a sensitivity of the lidar system, etc. Some implementations of the invention compensate for phase wandering near the laser source and before the output of the laser is directed toward a target. Some implementations of the invention compensate for phase wandering in the target signal (i.e., the output of the laser that is incident on and reflected back from the target). Some implementations of the invention compensate for phase wandering at the laser source and in the target signal.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G02B 26/06 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
H01S 3/00 - Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
H01S 3/10 - Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
H01S 3/13 - Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes an optical circuit configured to generate a first transmitted optical beam and a second transmitted optical beam being frequency modulated with sweeps being divisible into multiple sub-sweeps over respective sub-bands of the frequency band, one or more receivers configured to produce a simultaneous measurement of a first beat frequency and a second beat frequency for each sub-sweep of the respective sub-band of the frequency band from return signals, and a signal processor. The signal processor is configured to determine a range and a velocity of a target from the simultaneous measurement and determine a custom sub-band size for a custom sub-sweep within the sweep. The signal processor is further configured to produce an additional simultaneous measurement of the beat frequencies based on the custom sub-sweep and determine an additional value of the range and the velocity from the additional simultaneous measurement.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
11.
TECHNIQUES FOR SPECTRAL SCANNING IN A LIDAR SYSTEM
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) apparatus is provided that includes a dispersive element and an optical circuit. The optical circuit includes optics to project an optical beam onto a field of view and the dispersive element, operatively coupled with the optics, is to deflect the optical beam based on a wavelength of the optical beam, wherein the dispersive element shifts the field of view across a target in response to changes of the wavelength of the optical beam.
A photonics grating coupler to transmit light in a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system includes a receiver component adapted to receive light transmitted from an optical source. The photonics grating coupler includes a plurality of light scattering elements arranged in a rectangular pattern, wherein the plurality of light scattering elements comprises a first set of light scattering elements, each light scattering element comprising a first cross section and a first duty cycle and adapted to receive the light from the receiver to produce reflected light. The photonics grating coupler also includes a second set of light scattering elements, each light scattering element comprising a second cross section and a second duty cycle and adapted to transmit the reflected light towards a waveguide coupled to receive the reflected light.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G02B 6/42 - Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
13.
TECHNIQUES FOR A FREE SPACE SILICON PHOTONICS RECEIVER FOR FMCW LIDAR
A frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system includes an optical source to direct optical beams towards a target object, and a plurality of return signals are returned to the LiDAR system. The LiDAR system includes a reflective optical component to return a portion of the plurality of optical beams along a return path as a local oscillator (LO) signal, a rotating scanning mirror between the optical source and the target object, and a plurality of optical detectors. The plurality of optical detectors receives and consumes the plurality of return signals. The LiDAR system also includes an optical circuit implemented on a photonics chip that include a plurality of photonics couplers. The plurality of photonics couplers produces a plurality of outputs that are combined by the optical circuit. A signal processing system consumes the outputs.
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system that includes optical sources configured to emit a first frequency modulated optical beam and a second frequency modulated optical beam. The system also includes an optical amplifier to receive the optical beams and generate output optical beams. The system also includes an optical arrangement to emit the output optical beams and collect light returned from the target in return beams. The system also includes an optical element to generate a first beat frequency from the first return beam and a second beat frequency from the second return beam. The system also includes a signal processing system to determine the range and velocity of the target from the beat frequencies. The system also includes circuitry to control an amplitude of the first optical beam input to the optical amplifier to amplitude modulate the first output optical beam and the second output optical beam.
A frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes a high-pass filter that includes a first connection and a second connection. The system includes an optical amplifier that couples to the first connection of the high-pass filter. The system includes a power source that couples to the first connection of the high-pass filter and provides power to the optical amplifier. The system includes switching circuitry that includes an output that couples to the second connection of the high-pass filter. The switching circuitry produces at the output a first voltage level and a second voltage level. The first voltage level causes the optical amplifier to turn on, and the second voltage level causes the optical amplifier to turn off.
G01S 17/26 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency-modulated or phase-modulated carrier wave, e.g. for pulse compression of received signals
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
16.
TECHNIQUES FOR USING A COHERENT RECEIVER IN A FMCW LIDAR SYSTEM
A LiDAR system includes an optical source to emit an optical beam along a target path towards a target and a reference path and a coherent receiver disposed in the reference path to produce a first mixed signal comprising a first portion of a reference beat signal and a second mixed signal comprising a second portion of the reference beat signal. The LiDAR system further includes a processor to combine the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to generate a combined reference signal, wherein a negative image of a reference beat frequency signal produced by the optical beam and a local oscillator (LO) signal is suppressed to estimate a phase noise of the optical source to determine at least one of range or velocity information of the target.
A system uses range and Doppler velocity measurements from a lidar subsystem and images from a video subsystem to estimate a six degree-of-freedom trajectory of a target. The video subsystem and the lidar subsystem may be aligned with one another by mapping the measurements of various facial features obtained by each of the subsystems to one another.
A first light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes an optical source to transmit one or more optical beams towards a first field of view, an optical receiver to receive one or more return beams corresponding to the first field of view and generate a first point cloud referencing a first field of view of the first lidar system, a processing device, and a memory to store the first point cloud and store instructions. The instructions, when executed by the processing device, cause the first LIDAR system to receive a second point cloud referencing a second field of view of a second LIDAR system, determine a relative positioning between the first field of view and the second field of view, and modify the first point cloud based on the second point cloud and the relative positioning between the first field of view and the second field of view.
An FMCW LiDAR system comprises an optical source to transmit an optical beam towards a target. The LiDAR system comprises a first layer, folding optics and a second layer. The first layer comprises a silicon photonics chip coupled to an electrical power source to transmit electrical power to optical components resident on a second layer, and a plurality of different interfaces to couple the silicon photonics chip to the optical components. The folding optics is to receive the optical beam from the first layer and transmit the optical beam to the second layer. The second layer is disposed directly over the first layer. The second layer comprises the optical components including an LO to general an LO signal, and a receiver to mix a target return signal and the LO signal to extract at least one of range or velocity information related to the target.
A LIDAR system includes an actuator assembly and actuator position tracking circuitry. The actuator position tracking circuity includes a light emitting diode (LED) to emit a first signal toward an actuator, a photodiode to receive a second signal based on a position of the actuator and generate an output signal, and at least one front-end electronics to produce a low-impedance analog electrical signal based on the output signal.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01D 5/30 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with deflection of beams of light, e.g. for direct optical indication the beams of light being detected by photocells
21.
Techniques for Combining Optical Beams into Shared Spatial Mode
A light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system includes a beam combining component to combine a first optical beam including a first polarization and a second optical beam including a second polarization into a single spatial mode optical beam, and a first beam splitting component to split the single spatial mode optical beam into a plurality of single spatial mode optical beams.
G01S 7/499 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using polarisation effects
G01S 17/26 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency-modulated or phase-modulated carrier wave, e.g. for pulse compression of received signals
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G02B 27/28 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups , for polarising
22.
TECHNIQUES TO USE POWER SPECTRUM DENSITY IN COHERENT LIDAR SYSTEMS
A method of determining range and velocity information of a target in a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system, includes determining a set of signal power density spectrums in a frequency domain based on an optical signal returned from a target, wherein a number of the set of signal power density spectrums is determined based on an expected mirror Doppler shift associated with the optical signal returned from the target. The method further includes averaging the set of signal power density spectrums to generate a compensated signal power density spectrum and detecting a peak value in the compensated signal power density spectrum to determine range and velocity information related to a target based on a corresponding frequency of the peak value of compensated signal power density spectrum.
G01S 7/48 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/08 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
23.
TECHNIQUES FOR FMCW LIDAR SYSTEM DESCAN COMPENSATION
A LiDAR system includes an optical source to emit an optical beam toward a target, a partially reflective surface to generate a local oscillator (LO) signal from the optical beam, and an optical lens disposed in front of a photodetector (PD), wherein the LO signal is incident at a decenter of the optical lens to shift the LO signal at the photodetector with respect to a return signal received from the target.
A frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the system to: generate subbands in a frequency domain based on a range-dependent time domain baseband signal, classify each subband into a subband type, select processing parameters for each subband based on the respective subband type, and process each of the subbands using the selected processing parameters for the subband.
A first signal at a first channel and a second signal at a second channel are received at the LiDAR system. A frequency of a crosstalk signal in a detection of the second signal is determined based on the first signal. An intensity of the crosstalk signal is determined based on the intensity of the first signal. Provided the intensity of the crosstalk signal is in a detectable range, the crosstalk signal is excluded from the detection of the second signal to produce a corrected second signal, to extract the at least one of range or velocity information related to a target based on the corrected second signal.
A method of aligning an optical lens in a LiDAR system includes emitting an optical beam by an optical source. The method includes placing the optical lens in front of a photodetector at a first predetermined position. The method further includes moving the optical lens to a plurality of Z-positions along a direction of an optical axis, the plurality of Z-positions corresponding to a plurality of parameter values of the LO signal. The method further includes generating a fitting function based on a set of values of the LO signal; and determining a parameter value of the LO signal for each Z-position. The method includes determining an initial Z-axis position of the optical lens by selecting a Z-position from the plurality of Z-positions based on a plurality of parameter values. The method includes determining a final Z-position of the optical lens by adding an offset to the initial Z-axis position.
G02B 7/00 - Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 7/4861 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 7/4865 - Time delay measurement, e.g. time-of-flight measurement, time of arrival measurement or determining the exact position of a peak
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G02B 7/02 - Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
27.
DIGITAL ELECTRO-OPTICAL PHASE LOCKED LOOP IN A LIDAR SYSTEM
The FMCW LiDAR system includes an optical drive electronic circuit to receive a reference frequency signal and a beat frequency signal to generate a drive signal. The optical drive electronic circuit includes a TDC to calculate a phase difference between the reference frequency signal and the beat frequency signal and a digital ramp control to: provided the phase difference is a positive value, produce a ramp down control signal to increase a current chirp rate to an increased chirp rate; provided the phase difference is a negative value, produce a ramp up control signal to decrease the current chirp rate to a decreased chirp rate. The optical drive electronic circuit includes a digital integrator to generate a digital output based on at least one of the ramp down control signal or the ramp up control signal and a DAC to convert the digital output to an analog output.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
A system including a multi-sided scanner including a plurality of sides, and optical source to transmit, at a first angle, an optical beam towards a first side of the plurality of sides to produce a first adjusted beam transmitted within the multi-sided scanner towards a second side of the plurality of sides to produce a second adjusted beam. A trajectory of the second adjusted beam traverses a third side of the plurality of sides to exit the multi-sided scanner to produce a first FOV portion. The optical source is to transmit, at the second angle, the optical beam towards the first side to produce a third adjusted beam transmitted within the multi-sided scanner towards the second side to produce a fourth adjusted beam. A trajectory of the fourth adjusted beam traverses the third side of the plurality of sides to exit the multi-sided scanner to produce a second FOV portion.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
Aspects of the present disclosure provide light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems and methods for using an electro-optical phase-locked loop (EOPLL) and algorithmic frequency locking hybrid driver to lock a beat frequency to the reference frequency. By using the hybrid driver, the present disclosure solves an architectural problem of LIDAR systems related to limited (e.g., narrow and applicable) reference frequency ranges, and provides a flexible and broad reference frequency range coverage. The present disclosure thus allows LIDAR systems to use the hybrid laser driver to effectively change hardware configurations to achieve desired reference frequencies.
A method of operating a LIDAR system includes determining, from a first signal in a frequency domain, signal intensities for a first plurality of frequencies around a first peak frequency, determining, from a second signal in the frequency domain, signal intensities for a second plurality of frequencies around a second peak frequency, and performing a convolution of the signal intensities for the first plurality of frequencies and the signal intensities for the second plurality of frequencies. The method further includes performing a correction of the first peak frequency based on a third peak frequency identified from the convolution to obtain a corrected first peak frequency and determining range and velocity information associated with a target based on the corrected first peak frequency.
G01S 7/48 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/08 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
31.
TECHNIQUES FOR RANGE AND VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS IN A LIDAR SYSTEM
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes optical sources to emit a continuous-wave (CW) optical beam and a frequency-modulated CW (FMCW) optical beam, an optical component to split a target return signal into a CW return signal and a FMCW return signal, and at least one optical detector to detect a first beat frequency from a combination of a CW local oscillator (LO) signal and the CW return signal, and a second beat frequency from a combination of a FMCW LO signal and the FMCW return signal, wherein the first beat frequency is associated with a velocity of a target and the second beat frequency is associated with a range of the target.
G01S 7/499 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using polarisation effects
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes a plurality of optical sources to generate a plurality of optical beams and at least one optical component adjustable to shift the plurality of optical beams to align with a reference output beam pattern prior to propagating to output scanning optics.
A polarization splitter-rotator (PSR) is described. The PSR having a silicon nitride based waveguide including a first silicon nitride segment comprising a tapered width in a longitudinal direction and a ridge extending in a transverse direction and an adiabatic coupler coupled with the first silicon nitride segment.
G01S 7/499 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using polarisation effects
G01S 17/06 - Systems determining position data of a target
G02B 6/122 - Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
G02B 6/126 - Light guidesStructural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind using polarisation effects
G02B 27/28 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups , for polarising
G02B 6/12 - Light guidesStructural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
A method of operating a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system is provided that includes combining a first optical beam and a second optical beam into a combined optical beam of co-propagating, cross-polarized light, and transforming a polarization state of the first optical beam and the second optical beam of the combined optical beam at a rate faster than a rate of data collection at a plurality of detectors configured to detect light reflected from a target.
Aspects of the present disclosure provide light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems and methods for changing or adjusting field of view (FOV) during operation. Changing the FOV may include transmitting an optical beam toward a target, and forming the FOV using the optical beam via a first rotating reflector and a second rotating reflector. The first rotating reflector may include a galvo mirror in control of the vertical FOV, and the second rotating reflector may include a rotating polygon mirror in control of and providing for the horizontal FOV. The FOV may be adjusted in the vertical direction by actuating the first rotating reflector along a vertical direction using a first actuator. The first actuator may determine the actuation based on an orientation of the LIDAR system (e.g., a difference between an initial orientation measured after installation and a baseline orientation referencing a horizontal orientation).
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 7/4913 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
36.
TECHNIQUES FOR FOVEATED AND DYNAMIC RANGE MODES USING PILOT LINE SCANNING
A method transmits an optical beam towards a target within a field of view (FOV) according to a scan pattern that includes scan lines and a pilot line. The optical beam is modulated during the scan lines at a first chirp rate and modulated during the pilot line at a second chirp rate. The method then receives a returned optical beam, which is produced in response to transmitting the optical beam towards the target. Based on the returned optical beam, the method then generates a point cloud that includes data points related to the target.
A frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes an optical source to generate an optical beam at a chirp rate based on a control signal. The system includes a receiver to capture at least a portion of the optical beam and generate a beat frequency based on the chirp rate. The system also includes mixer circuitry to calculate a difference value between the beat frequency and a reference frequency. The system also includes combination circuitry to combine the difference value with an offset voltage to generate an adjusted control signal that is configured to minimize the difference value to maintain the chirp rate.
A laser diode control system for a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes circuitry to produce a phase locked loop, the phase locked loop including one or more integrated electronics components and an electronic circuit coupled to the one or more integrated electronics components. The electronic circuit receives an input signal from the one or more integrated electronics components and produces a feedback signal to mimic operation of one or more photonics components to test operation of the integrated electronic components of the phase locked loop.
G01S 7/4913 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
H03L 7/099 - Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop
39.
TECHNIQUES FOR PROVIDING A VARIETY OF LIDAR SCAN PATTERNS
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system that includes an optical processing system to transmit an optical beam and receive a return signal responsive to transmission of the optical beam. The system also includes a 1D scanning mirror to reflect the optical beam from the optical processing system to a plurality of multifaceted mirrors. The system also includes a first multifaceted mirror and a second multifaceted mirror coupled to the first multifaceted mirror in a stacked configuration. The 1D scanning mirror is controllable to direct the optical beam to the first multifaceted mirror to generate a first scan pattern and to the second multifaceted mirror to generate a second scan pattern.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 7/4913 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
Detecting position information related to a face, and more particularly to an eyeball in a face, using a detection and ranging system, such as a Radio Detection And Ranging (“RADAR”) system, or a Light Detection And Ranging (“LIDAR”) system. The position information may include a location of the eyeball, translational motion information related to the eyeball (e.g., displacement, velocity, acceleration, jerk, etc.), rotational motion information related to the eyeball (e.g., rotational displacement, rotational velocity, rotational acceleration, etc.) as the eyeball rotates within its socket.
A61B 3/113 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
A61B 5/11 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications
G01S 17/86 - Combinations of lidar systems with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar, e.g. with direction finders
G01S 17/88 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications
41.
Techniques for adjusting a beam pattern in a LIDAR system
A system and method receive a first beam pattern from an optical source that includes optical beams transmitted towards a target. The system and method measure a first vertical angle between at least two of the optical beams along a first axis relative to the FMCW LIDAR system. The system and method calculate a second beam pattern based on the first vertical angle and a pivot point. The second beam pattern produces a second vertical angle between the two optical beams. The system and method adjust one or more components from a first position that forms the first beam pattern to a second position that forms the second beam pattern for transmission towards the target. The system and method receive one or more return optical beams from the target, based on the second beam pattern, to produce a plurality of points to form the point cloud.
G01S 17/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
42.
TECHNIQUES FOR IDENTIFYING OBSTRUCTIONS IN A LIDAR SYSTEM
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system, includes a memory, and a processor, operatively coupled to the memory, to identify an obstruction of the LIDAR system based on a comparison of a frequency of an energy peak generated from a return signal to a threshold frequency and mitigate the obstruction.
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
43.
TECHNIQUES FOR POINT CLOUD FILTERING IN LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING (LIDAR) SYSTEMS
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) technique that includes dividing the field of view into a grid including a plurality of cells. The technique also includes transmitting an optical beam and generating a baseband signal based on a returned optical beam. The baseband signal includes a plurality of peaks corresponding with up-chirps and down-chirps in the transmitted signal. The technique also includes generating a negative image of the second peak to generate a third peak, computing, using the first peak and the second peak, a first point having a first velocity and a first location within a first cell, and computing, using the first peak and the third peak, a second point having a second velocity and a second location within a second cell. The technique also includes determining whether to accept the first point or the second point for inclusion in a point cloud.
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes optical sources to emit a continuous-wave (CW) optical beam and a frequency-modulated CW (FMCW) optical beam, a first and second optical coupler to generate a CW local oscillator (LO), and an FMCW LO signal. The system further includes a first optical component to combine the CW optical beam and the FMCW optical beam, a second optical component to transmit the combined optical beam toward a target, a third optical component to split a target return signal into a CW return signal and a FMCW return signal based on polarization or frequency, a first optical detector to detect a first beat frequency from a combination of the CW LO signal and the CW return signal, and a second optical detector to detect a second beat frequency from a combination of the FMCW LO and the FMCW return signal.
G01S 7/499 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using polarisation effects
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
45.
VELOCITY ESTIMATION USING DOPPLER PER POINT LIDAR SYSTEMS
A method of operating a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system is provided that includes performing a scene measurement using a LiDAR sensor capable of measuring Doppler per point. The method also includes estimating a velocity of the LiDAR sensor with respect to static points within the scene based on the scene measurement. The method may also include compensating for the velocity of the LiDAR sensor and compensating for a Doppler velocity of the LiDAR sensor.
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system is provided that transmits optical beams and detects return optical beams. The optical beams are frequency modulated with sweeps of a frequency band to produce chirps, each sweep being divisible into multiple sub-sweeps. Multiple simultaneous measurements of first and second beat frequencies are made per sweep produce chirps from the transmitted optical beams and the return optical beams. A signal processor is configured to determine a range and velocity of a target from the multiple simultaneous measurements. At least one of the sweeps is used to produce a custom simultaneous measurement of the beat frequencies for a custom sub-sweep. A custom sub-sweep value of range and velocity is determined from the custom simultaneous measurement, there being at least the sweep value and the custom sub-sweep value of range and velocity for the at least one of the multiple sweeps.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
47.
Techniques for range and velocity measurements in a non-degenerate LiDAR system
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system is provided that includes a first optical source and a second optical source configured to emit respectively a first optical beam and a second optical beam that are nondegenerate and are chirped antiphase, lensing optics to direct the first and second optical beams toward a target, and collect a first return signal and a second return signal, and a first optical detector and a second optical detector configured to generate a first signal from the first return signal mixed with a first local oscillator and a second signal from the second return signal mixed with the second local oscillator.
G01S 17/26 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency-modulated or phase-modulated carrier wave, e.g. for pulse compression of received signals
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
48.
TECHNIQUES FOR POINT CLOUD PROCESSING UTILIZING POINT INDICES
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a plurality of data points and stores instructions that cause the LIDAR system to: generate the plurality of data points associated with one or more return beams corresponding to one or more optical beams transmitted towards a target; perform a plurality of processing operations on the plurality of data points to generate a point cloud corresponding to the target, wherein a first processing operation of the plurality of processing operations is configured to output a pair of indices as input to a second processing operation of the plurality of processing operations, the pair of indices referring to memory locations of a first data point and a second data point of the plurality of data points, respectively; and calculate a range and a velocity of the target based on the point cloud.
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
49.
Techniques for foveated and dynamic range modes for FMCW LIDARs
A method transmits a first optical beam towards targets within a field of view (FOV). The first optical beam is modulated at a first chirp rate for a first set of scan lines that correspond to a first distance of the targets. The method identifies conditions based on the FOV to calculate a second chirp rate, and generates a scan pattern by transmitting a second optical beam towards the targets within the FOV. The second optical beam is modulated at the second chirp rate for a second set of scan lines that corresponds to a second distance of the one or more targets. The method generates, based on the first and second optical beams, the point cloud that includes multiple data points related to the target in which some of the data points are related to a first target and other data points are related to a second target.
The LiDAR system includes a coherent receiver disposed in a reference path. The coherent receiver includes a 90° optical hybrid to receive a portion of an optical beam along the reference path and a local oscillator (LO) signal to generate multiple output signals. The coherent receiver includes a first photodetector to receive a first and a second output signal to generate a first mixed signal, and a second photodetector to receive a third and a fourth output signal to generate a second mixed signal. The LiDAR system further includes a processor to combine the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to generate a combined reference signal. A negative image of a reference beat frequency signal produced by the optical beam and the LO signal is suppressed to estimate a phase noise of the optical source to determine at least one of range or velocity information of the target.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Chipsets for use with optical data devices and vehicle sensing systems; microprocessors and semiconductor chipsets; Computer hardware in the nature of chipsets and downloadable and recorded software for operating LIDAR apparatus, radar, proximity and camera sensor systems, motor vehicle collision avoidance systems and sensing systems that detect and classify objects on the road, comprised primarily of distance sensors, optical sensors, radar apparatus, distance measuring sensors, warning sensors, and control apparatus, and speed measuring and control apparatus; Integrated circuit modules and components for integration in sensing and perception technology for vehicle sensing systems, autonomous and assisted driving, aerospace, and consumer sensing applications
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Chipsets, integrated circuit modules, and optical data devices for use in sensing and perception technology for vehicle sensing systems, autonomous and assisted driving, aerospace, and consumer sensing applications; Computer hardware in the nature of chipsets and downloadable and recorded software for operating LIDAR apparatus, radar, proximity and camera sensor systems, motor vehicle collision avoidance systems and sensing systems that detect and classify objects on the road, comprised primarily of distance sensors, optical sensors, radar apparatus, distance measuring sensors, warning sensors, and control apparatus, and speed measuring and control apparatus; Silicon photonic drivers, namely, digital circuits; Electronic and optical communications instruments and components, namely, optical transceivers, receivers, and transmitters used in sensing and perception technology for vehicle sensing systems, autonomous and assisted driving, aerospace, and consumer sensing applications; downloadable and recorded computer software for operating silicon photonic optics hardware used in sensing and perception technology for vehicle sensing systems, autonomous and assisted, aerospace, and consumer sensing applications
53.
Techniques for providing combined signal to multi-mode waveguide photodetector
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) apparatus including free space optics to combine a target signal and a local oscillator signal to generate a combined signal. The LIDAR system also includes a set of multi-mode (MM) waveguides and a demultiplexer including a dispersive element. The demultiplexer configured to disperse, via the dispersive element, each respective wavelength of the combined signal at a corresponding angle, and reflect each respective wavelength of the combined signal to a corresponding MM waveguide of the set of MM waveguides.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 7/4913 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G02B 27/28 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups , for polarising
A system including an optical scanner to transmit an optical beam towards an object. The system includes a first optical element to receive a returned reflection having a lag angle; and direct the returned reflection to generate a first directed beam. The system includes a beam directing unit to receive the first directed beam; and direct, based on a first array voltage, the first directed beam to generate a second directed beam at a first location on a different optical element. The beam directing unit to direct, based on a second array voltage, the second steered beam from the first location on the different optical element to a second location on the different optical element to compensate for the lag angle.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 7/4861 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 17/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
55.
Techniques for driving a laser diode in a LIDAR system
A frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system that includes an optical source to generate light at a target frequency. The system also includes a first transistor to transmit a modulation current through a modulation path that includes the optical source and a modulation resistor. The system also includes electro optical circuitry coupled to the first transistor to produce a phase locked loop. The system also includes a second transistor to transmit a bias current through a bias path that includes the optical source and is separate from the modulation path, wherein the bias path is separate from the modulation path.
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 7/499 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using polarisation effects
H01C 1/016 - MountingSupporting with compensation for resistor expansion or contraction
H01C 1/16 - Resistor networks not otherwise provided for
H03B 5/12 - Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
H03C 3/09 - Modifications of modulator for regulating the mean frequency
56.
TECHNIQUES FOR CONFIGURABLE TRANSIMPEDANCE AMPLIFIER FOR FMCW LIDAR SYSTEMS
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a configurable TIA circuit that can be used as both a single-ended “target TIA” and a differential “reference TIA”. The configurable TIA may include a first circuit to receive an input from a first photodiode (PD), the first circuit comprising a first switch and a first output buffer. The configurable TIA may also include a second circuit to receive an input from a second PD, the second circuit comprising a second switch and a second output buffer. The first and second switches are configured to operate the first and second circuits as independent signal paths via which the input from the first and second PDs can drive the first and second output buffers respectively in a first mode, and in a second mode, combine the input from the first and second PDs into the first output buffer to generate a single differential output.
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/88 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications
57.
TECHNIQUES FOR PERFORMING SPECKLE REDUCTION USING POLARIZED LIGHT
A method of operating a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system is provided. The method includes transmitting a beam of co-propagating, cross-polarized light to a target. The method includes receiving return light reflected from the target by at least one detector. The method further includes transforming a polarization state of the beam at a transformation rate faster than a data collection rate from the at least one detector.
A LiDAR system includes an optical subsystem with an optical axis. The optical subsystem includes an optical source to emit an optical beam, a first optical lens to transmit the optical beam, an optical window to reflect a first portion of the optical beam to generate a LO signal, an optical scanner to transmit a second portion of the optical beam to a target to scan the target to generate a target return signal, a second optical lens to transmit the LO signal and the target return signal to a PD, and the PD to mix the target return signal with the LO signal to extract range and velocity information. The LO signal is disposed to be decentered from the optical axis on the second optical lens to increase a percentage of an overlap of the LO signal and the target return signal on a detection plane of the PD.
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/36 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
59.
Techniques for FMCW LiDAR system descan compensation
A LiDAR system includes an optical subsystem with an optical axis. The optical subsystem includes an optical source to emit an optical beam, a first optical lens to transmit the optical beam, an optical window to reflect a first portion of the optical beam to generate a LO signal, an optical scanner to transmit a second portion of the optical beam to a target to scan the target to generate a target return signal, where the LO signal is disposed to be decentered from the optical axis on a second optical lens in front of a photodetector (PD) to increase a percentage of an overlap of the LO signal and the target return signal on the PD.
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes a beam collimator, a plurality of first lenses, a plurality of tunable lenses, and one or more optical sources to generate a plurality of optical beams. Each tunable lens may be disposed adjacent a respective one of the plurality of first lenses such that the respective one of the plurality of first lenses is between the tunable lens and the beam collimator. Each of the plurality of optical beams may pass through one of the tunable lenses and one of the first lenses towards the beam collimator. Each of the plurality of tunable lenses may be separately controllable by selectively applying voltage to the tunable lens to adjust a focal length of the tunable lens to compensate for a variation in focus positions of the plurality of first lenses.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
A system uses range and Doppler velocity measurements from a lidar subsystem and images from a video subsystem to estimate a six degree-of-freedom trajectory of a target. The video subsystem and the lidar subsystem may be aligned with one another, and hence calibrated, by determining, for example, a centroid of an iris determined from the lidar subsystem and a centroid of the iris determined from the video subsystem and determining a calibration offset between the two centroids.
A method of testing a photonics die at the wafer level includes providing a sacrificial waveguide and a grating coupler at least partially in a scribe line between dies of a wafer, performing one or more tests on the dies of the wafer via the sacrificial waveguide and grating coupler in the scribe line, and removing the sacrificial waveguide during separation of the dies of the wafer.
G01R 31/3185 - Reconfiguring for testing, e.g. LSSD, partitioning
G02B 6/12 - Light guidesStructural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
63.
Techniques for using an electro-optical phase locked loop in a LIDAR system
A frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system that includes an optical source to transmit an optical beam and a drive circuit configured to drive a current through the optical source to transmit the optical beam at a frequency. The system also includes an operational amplifier comprising a plurality of inputs to produce an output voltage for receipt by the drive circuit as input to determine an amplitude of the current driven by the drive circuit through the light source. The system also includes electro optical circuitry coupled to a first input of the plurality of inputs to produce a phase locked loop to maintain the light at the frequency. The system also includes ramp control circuitry coupled to a second input the plurality of inputs to cause the output voltage of the operational amplifier to modulate the optical beam at the frequency.
A method to compensate for phase impairments in a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes estimating one or more phase impairments in the LIDAR system using a digitally-sampled reference signal to produce one or more estimated phase impairments and performing one or more corrections on one or more phase impairments in a digitally-sampled target signal based on the one or more estimated phase impairments.
G01S 7/48 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
65.
System and apparatus for sequential transient liquid phase bonding
Embodiments of the present disclosure include method for sequentially mounting multiple semiconductor devices onto a substrate having a composite metal structure on both the semiconductor devices and the substrate for improved process tolerance and reduced device distances without thermal interference. The mounting process causes “selective” intermixing between the metal layers on the devices and the substrate and increases the melting point of the resulting alloy materials.
Aspects of the present disclosure provide a LIDAR system including an optical source to transmit at least a first beam and a second beam toward a target, respectively at a first original power level and a second original power level. The LIDAR system further includes an optical attenuator adapted to receive each of the first and the second beams disposed between the optical source and one or more optics. The at least one optical attenuator is to receive a controlled voltage to adjust a polarization of at least one of the first beam or the second beam to a first polarization. The first and the second beams are transmitted toward a corresponding local oscillator resident on the LIDAR system, such that an output of the first beam and an output of the second beam transmitted through the local oscillator are balanced to have a substantially equal power level.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 7/48 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
A method of cooling an optical sub-assembly includes operating a diode mounted to a diode submount structure and cooling the diode with a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) in thermal contact with the diode, wherein the diode is positioned between the diode submount structure and the TEC.
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes an automatic gain control (AGC) unit to reduce the dynamic range, reducing processing power and saving circuit area and cost. The system detects a return beam of a light signal transmitted to a target, having a first dynamic range in a time domain. An analog to digital converter (ADC) generates a digital signal based on the return beam. A processor can perform time domain processing on the digital signal, convert the digital signal from the time domain to a frequency domain, and perform frequency domain processing on the digital signal in the frequency domain. The AGC unit can measure a power of the return beam, and apply variable gain in the frequency domain to reduce a dynamic range of the return beam to a second dynamic range lower than the first dynamic range.
G01S 7/48 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
H03G 3/30 - Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
69.
TECHNIQUES TO SELECT MULTIPLE RETURNS IN FREQUENCY MODULATED CONTINUOUS WAVE LIDAR SYSTEMS
A method to select multiple returns in a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes thresholding a frequency domain waveform to identify a number of peaks above a threshold level. After thresholding, a primary peak selection is applied to identify a primary peak. After identifying a primary peak, a secondary peak selection is applied to a portion of the frequency domain waveform outside a guard-band area to identify a secondary peak.
A method to select multiple returns in a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes thresholding a frequency domain waveform to identify a number of peaks above a threshold level. After thresholding, a primary peak selection is applied to identify a primary peak. After identifying a primary peak, a secondary peak selection is applied to a portion of the frequency domain waveform outside a guard-band area to identify a secondary peak.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
71.
Techniques for multiplexing optical beams in coherent LiDAR systems
A light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system that includes a first beam splitter to multiplex a first optical beam and a second optical beam into a combined beam having orthogonal linear polarizations. The system also includes lensing optics to emit the combined beam towards a target and collect light returned from the target in a return optical beam to be received by the first beam splitter. The first beam splitter demultiplexes the return optical beam into a first return beam and a second return beam having orthogonal linear polarizations. The system also includes an optical element to generate a first beat frequency from the first return beam and to generate a second beat frequency from the second return beam. The system also includes a signal processing system to determine a range and velocity of the target from the first beat frequency and the second beat frequency.
G01S 7/48 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
A laser radar system using collocated laser beams to unambiguously detects a range of a target and a range rate at which the target is moving relative to the laser radar system. Another aspect of various embodiments of the invention may relate to a laser radar system that uses multiple laser radar sections to obtain multiple simultaneous measurements (or substantially so), whereby both range and range rate can be determined without various temporal effects introduced by systems employing single laser sections taking sequential measurments. In addition, other aspects of various embodiments of the invention may enable faster determination of the range and rate of the target, a more accurate determination of the range and rate of the target, and/or may provide other advantages.
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
A method transmits a predetermined signal through a first channel that includes a first digital circuit to produce a first result. The first channel is a functional channel in the FMCW LIDAR system. The method retrieves a second result that is based on the predetermined signal, and determines whether the first result and the second result are nonequivalent. The method then invokes a fault signal in response to determining that the first result and the second result are nonequivalent.
A set of POIs of a point cloud are received at a first filter, where each POI of the set of POIs comprises one or more points. Each POI of the set of POIs is filtered. A set of neighborhood points of a POI is selected. A metric for the set of neighborhood points is computed based on a property of the set of neighborhood points and the POI, wherein the property comprises a velocity. Based on the metric, whether to accept the POI, modify the POI, reject the POI, or transmit the POI to a second filter, to extract at least one of range or velocity information related to the target is determined. Provided the POI is not accepted, modified, or rejected, the POI is transmitted to the second filter to determine whether to accept, modify, or reject the POI to extract the at least one of range or velocity information related to the target.
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G06V 10/44 - Local feature extraction by analysis of parts of the pattern, e.g. by detecting edges, contours, loops, corners, strokes or intersectionsConnectivity analysis, e.g. of connected components
G06V 10/46 - Descriptors for shape, contour or point-related descriptors, e.g. scale invariant feature transform [SIFT] or bags of words [BoW]Salient regional features
75.
System and method for improving an image characteristic of image frames in a video stream
A system and method for improving a video characteristic of a video stream is described. According to various implementations of the invention, a changed region between a later-in-time image frame and an earlier-in-time image frame and an unchanged region between such two image frames are determined. A new improvement to the video characteristic is determined and applied to the changed region of the later-in-time image frame. A prior improvement to the video characteristic that was determined for the earlier-in-time image frame is applied to the unchanged region of the later-in-time image frame.
A LiDAR system includes an optical source to emit an optical beam, an optical window to reflect a first portion of the optical beam to generate an LO signal, and an optical scanner to transmit a second portion of the optical beam to a target to scan the target to generate a target return signal. The LiDAR system includes a birefringent crystal plate to transmit the LO signal and the target return signal to a PD and shift the LO signal and the target return signal by different displacements to increase a percentage of an overlap of the LO signal and the target return signal on a detection plane of the PD. The LiDAR system includes the PD to mix the target return signal with the LO signal on the detection plane of the PD to generate a heterodyne signal to extract range and velocity information of the target.
A system uses range and Doppler velocity measurements from a lidar system and images from a video system to estimate a six degree-of-freedom trajectory (6DOF) of a target. The 6DOF transformation parameters are used to transform multiple images to the frame time of a selected image, thus obtaining multiple images at the same frame time. These multiple images may be used to increase a resolution of the image at each frame time, obtaining the collection of the superresolution images.
G01S 17/86 - Combinations of lidar systems with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar, e.g. with direction finders
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
78.
TECHNIQUES FOR POINT CLOUD FRAME ACCUMULATION IN FMCW LIDAR
A method generates first points based on a first scan of an environment that includes one or more moving objects. The method transforms the first points into a first static frame, which includes removing one or more of the first points corresponding to the one or more moving objects. The method generates second points based on a second scan of the environment that includes the one or more moving objects. The method transforms the second points into a second static frame, which includes removing one or more of the second points corresponding to the one or more moving objects. The method combines the first static frame and the second static frame into an accumulated static frame, which has an increase in resolution compared with the first static frame. The method then loads the accumulated static frame into a point cloud.
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system transmits, towards a target, a set of chirp signals. The LIDAR system receives from the target, a set of adjusted chirp signals. The LIDAR system then determines, based on the set of adjusted chirp signals, a degree of ghosting mitigation to compensate for a ghost target appearing in a point cloud at a location where no real target exists.
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
A frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) LiDAR system is disclosed which has an FMCW point cloud frame accumulator system (300). System (300) comprises a rangefinder sensor (310), a dithering scan pattern generator (305), a dynamic object subtractor (315), a sensor motion estimator (320), a frame accumulator (325), and a point cloud (340). Sensor twist (T 322) consists of a linear and an angular velocity of rangefinder sensor at time T and feeds into dynamic object subtractor (315), dithering scan pattern generator (305), and frame accumulator (325). Dynamic object subtractor (315) uses sensor twist (T 322) to distinguish between dynamic points and static points and removes dynamic points from frame (T 312) to produce static frame (T 318). A method generates first points based on a first scan of an environment that includes one or more moving objects; transforms the first points into a first static frame, which includes removing one or more of the first points corresponding to the one or more moving objects; generates second points based on a second scan of the environment that includes the one or more moving objects; transforms the second points into a second static frame, which includes removing one or more of the second points corresponding to the one or more moving objects;; combines the first static frame and the second static frame into an accumulated static frame, which has an increase in resolution compared with the first static frame; and then loads the accumulated static frame into a point cloud.
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) technique that includes dividing the field of view into a grid including a plurality of cells. The technique also includes generating a baseband signal based on a returned optical beam. The baseband signal includes a plurality of peaks corresponding with up-chirps and down-chirps in the transmitted signal. A plurality of points are computed based on the peaks. Each point includes information describing a range and a velocity and corresponds to a respective cell. A point confidence score is computed for each point, and a cell confidence score is computed for each cell based on the point confidence scores of the points within the cell. Each point can be accepted or rejected for inclusion in a point cloud based on the point confidence score for the point and the cell confidence scores for the plurality of cells.
A method including receiving, responsive to a transmission of a plurality of optical beams into an environment including a target, a plurality of returned optical beams associated with the target. The method includes generating a plurality of points from the plurality of returned optical beams, wherein each one of the plurality of points respectively corresponds to one of the plurality of returned optical beams; selecting a first point from the plurality of points and a second point from the plurality of points. The method includes identifying, by a processor, an orientation of the first point relative to the FMCW LIDAR system based on the second point from the plurality of points. The method includes computing an orientation of the target relative to the FMCW LIDAR system based on the orientation of the first point; and generating a point cloud based on the orientation of the target.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
83.
TECHNIQUES FOR CORRECTING PHASE IMPAIRMENTS IN A TARGET SIGNAL
A method of compensation in a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system. The method includes applying a first frequency shift to a target signal to compensate for doppler shift in the target signal and performing a phase impairment correction on the target signal to produce a corrected target signal. The method further includes undoing the first frequency shift on the corrected target signal.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/36 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
84.
Techniques for programmable beam steering compensation in scanning LIDAR systems
A system including an optical scanner to transmit an optical beam towards an object. The system includes a first optical element to receive a returned reflection having a lag angle; and steer the returned reflection to generate a first steered beam. The system includes a beam steering unit to receive the first steered beam, wherein the first steered beam is propagating at a first beam angle; and steer, the first steered beam based on an array voltage to generate a second steered beam at a first location on a photodetector. The system includes a processor to adjust the array voltage to cause the beam steering unit to steer the second steered beam from the first location on the photodetector to a second location on the photodetector to compensate for the lag angle.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G01S 7/4861 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 17/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
85.
Techniques for beam pattern adjustments in a LIDAR system
A system and method include receiving a first beam pattern from an optical source that comprises a plurality of optical beams transmitted towards a target causing different spaces to form between each optical beam. The system and method include measuring a vertical angle between at least two of the optical beams along a first axis and calculating a second beam pattern based on the vertical angle and a pivot point that causes the optical beams to be transmitted towards the target with substantially uniform spacing. The system and method include adjusting, at the pivot point, one or more components to form the second beam pattern to adjust the plurality of different spaces to the substantially uniform spacing for transmission towards the target. The system and method include receiving return optical beams from the target to produce a plurality of points to form the point cloud.
G01S 17/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
86.
System and method for generating motion-stabilized images of a target using lidar and video measurements
A system uses range and Doppler velocity measurements from a lidar system and images from a video system to estimate a six degree-of-freedom trajectory of a target. The system estimates this trajectory in two stages: a first stage in which the range and Doppler measurements from the lidar system along with various feature measurements obtained from the images from the video system are used to estimate first stage motion aspects of the target (i.e., the trajectory of the target); and a second stage in which the images from the video system and the first stage motion aspects of the target are used to estimate second stage motion aspects of the target. Once the second stage motion aspects of the target are estimated, a three-dimensional image of the target may be generated.
G01S 17/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 17/66 - Tracking systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
G01S 17/86 - Combinations of lidar systems with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar, e.g. with direction finders
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G06T 7/246 - Analysis of motion using feature-based methods, e.g. the tracking of corners or segments
The LiDAR system includes a coherent receiver disposed in a reference path. The coherent receiver includes a 90° optical hybrid to receive a portion of an optical beam along the reference path and a local oscillator (LO) signal to generate multiple output signals. The coherent receiver includes a first photodetector to receive a first and a second output signal to generate a first mixed signal, and a second photodetector to receive a third and a fourth output signal to generate a second mixed signal. The LiDAR system further includes a processor to combine the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to generate a combined reference signal to suppress a negative image of a reference beat frequency signal to estimate a phase noise of the optical source to determine range and velocity information of the target.
An interferometer comprises a plurality of waveguide branches comprising a plurality of bus waveguides and a plurality of photonic resonators. A first waveguide branch of the plurality of waveguide branches comprises a first photonic resonator coupled to a first bus waveguide. The first photonic resonator is disposed to couple and circle a first portion of an optical beam at the first photonic resonator to generate a first phase shift of the first portion of the optical beam, where the first phase shift is the same as a second phase shift of a second photonic resonator coupled to a second bus waveguide. The interferometer forms at least a portion of an in-phase and quadrature (IQ) modulator.
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G02B 6/12 - Light guidesStructural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
G02F 1/21 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
G02F 1/225 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference in an optical waveguide structure
89.
Fast frequency modulation lidar system through sub-sweep sampling
A light detection and ranging (LiDAR) core is provided that transmits optical beams, and detects return optical beams. The transmitted optical beams are antiphase chirps that sweep a frequency band, and the sweep of the antiphase chirps includes multiple sub-sweeps over respective sub-bands of the frequency band. The system routes the transmitted optical beams that are launched towards a target, and receives light incident upon the target into the return optical beams. The system simultaneously measures and thereby produces multiple simultaneous measurements of first and second beat frequencies per sweep of the antiphase chirps, from the transmitted and returned optical beams, and includes a simultaneous measurement of the first and second beat frequencies per sub-sweep of the multiple sub-sweeps. And the system determines a range and velocity of the target from the multiple simultaneous measurements of the first and second beat frequencies per sweep of the antiphase chirps.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 17/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
90.
Techniques for enhanced detection of distant objects
A system including one or more waveguides to receive a first returned reflection having a first lag angle and generate a first waveguide signal, receive a second returned reflection having a second lag angle different from the first lag angle, and generate a second waveguide signal. The system includes one or more photodetectors to generate a first output signal within a first frequency range, and generate, based on the second waveguide signal and a second LO signal, a second output signal within a second frequency range. The system includes an optical frequency shifter (OFS) to shift a frequency of the second LO signal to cause the second output signal to shift from within the second frequency range to within the first frequency range to generate a shifted signal. The system includes a processor to receive the shifted signal to produce one or more points in a point set.
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 7/4913 - Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
91.
Techniques for adjusting an optical beam trajectory
A system and method including, receiving a plurality of optical beams in a first direction along a first plane in a first beam pattern towards an optical element based on a trajectory that causes at least a portion of the plurality of optical beams to not contact a surface of the optical lens. The system and method includes transmitting a first set of the plurality of optical beams in the first direction along a second plane. The system and method includes transmitting a second set of the plurality of optical beams in the first direction along the first plane. The system and method includes generating a second beam pattern by transmitting the first set and the second set of the plurality of optical beams through an optical element, wherein the second beam pattern adjusts the trajectory to cause the portion to contact the surface of the optical lens.
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
G02B 27/09 - Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectioned area, not otherwise provided for
92.
System and apparatus for sequential transient liquid phase bonding
Embodiments of the present disclosure include method for sequentially mounting multiple semiconductor devices onto a substrate having a composite metal structure on both the semiconductor devices and the substrate for improved process tolerance and reduced device distances without thermal interference. The mounting process causes “selective” intermixing between the metal layers on the devices and the substrate and increases the melting point of the resulting alloy materials.
A method for dynamic monitoring of a trailer using a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system comprising: scanning the trailer using a set of sensors positioned on a tractor towing the trailer to generate a point cloud of the trailer and monitoring an initial set of motion data of the trailer produced within the point cloud, wherein the motion data comprises velocity data related to the trailer. Provided the initial set of motion data is outside a safe operational threshold, instructing the tractor to perform a corrective action that causes a subsequent set of motion data of the trailer to be within the safe operational threshold. Provided the initial set of motion data is within the safe operational threshold, continuing to monitor the initial set of motion data until the initial set of motion data is outside the safe operational threshold.
G01S 17/34 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G01S 17/86 - Combinations of lidar systems with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar, e.g. with direction finders
G01S 7/48 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
B60W 40/10 - Estimation or calculation of driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit related to vehicle motion
94.
Techniques for device cooling in an optical sub-assembly
An optical sub-assembly includes a diode submount structure, a diode mounted to the diode submount, and a thermoelectric cooler (TEC). The TEC is in thermal contact with the diode, and the diode is positioned between the diode submount structure and the TEC.
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system and apparatus including a photonics chip mounted to a substrate, the photonics chip including one or more optical components and one or more electrical components and one or more integrated circuit (IC) chips mounted to the photonics chip to process an electrical signal generated by the one or more optical components and the one or more electrical components, wherein the one or more IC chips are physically separated from the substrate to reduce crosstalk on the LIDAR apparatus.
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
H01L 25/16 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different subclasses of , , , , or , e.g. forming hybrid circuits
G01S 7/4863 - Detector arrays, e.g. charge-transfer gates
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
H01L 21/60 - Attaching leads or other conductive members, to be used for carrying current to or from the device in operation
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes a first optical source to generate a first optical beam transmitted towards an output lens, a second optical source to generate a second optical beam transmitted towards the output lens, wherein the first optical beam and the second optical beam generate a first beam pattern, and a light detection sensor to detect a second beam pattern at an image plane, wherein the second beam pattern comprises a shift in the first or second optical beam from the first beam pattern. The LIDAR system further includes alignment optics disposed between the light detection sensor and the first optical source and the second optical source, the alignment optics including one or more optical components adjustable to shift the first and second optical beams at the image plane to align with the first beam pattern.
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system to transmit optical beams including at least up-chirp frequency and at least one down-chirp frequency toward targets in a field of view of the LIDAR system and receive returned signals of the up-chirp and the down-chirp as reflected from the targets. The LIDAR system may determine multiple frequency peaks associated with the target based on the returned signals. Upon determining that at least one of the multiple frequency peaks is within one or more sets of frequency ranges, the LIDAR system may combine an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal of the returned signals to generate a complex signal that enables determining whether the at least one of the multiple frequency peaks is associated with ghosting. Upon determining to be free from ghosting, the LIDAR system determines one or more of the target location, a target velocity, and a target reflectivity.
Techniques for cascade filtering of a set of points of interest (POIs) in a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system is described. The method includes performing a series of cascaded filtering of a set of points of interest (POIs) on a first point cloud. The method includes calculating, for each POI of the set of POIs, at least a first metric for a first set of neighborhood points to make a decision with respect to a subset of the set of POIs for transmission to a second point cloud. The method also includes extracting at least one of range or velocity information based on the second point cloud based on the decision.
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G06V 10/44 - Local feature extraction by analysis of parts of the pattern, e.g. by detecting edges, contours, loops, corners, strokes or intersectionsConnectivity analysis, e.g. of connected components
G06V 10/46 - Descriptors for shape, contour or point-related descriptors, e.g. scale invariant feature transform [SIFT] or bags of words [BoW]Salient regional features
99.
Techniques for point cloud processing utilizing point indices
A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes an optical receiver to generate a plurality of data points associated with one or more return beams from a target of the LIDAR system, a processor, and a memory. The memory stores the plurality of data points and stores instructions that cause the LIDAR system to: perform a processing operation on a first data point of the plurality of data points to determine a second data point of the plurality of data points with which to modify the first data point; generate, as output of the processing operation, a first index to a first memory location of the first data point and a second index to a second memory location of the second data point; and generate a point cloud corresponding to the target based on the first data point as modified by the second data point.
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
100.
Techniques for determining orientation of a target using light polarization
A method is provided that transmits a beam of co-propagating, cross-polarized light to a target. The method receives return light reflected from the target, which includes a first polarization and a second polarization. The method splits the return light into a first output corresponding to the first polarization and a second output corresponding to the second polarization using a first beam splitter. The method directs the first output to a first detector and directs the second output to a second detector. The method generates, by the first detector, a first electrical signal corresponding to the first polarization, and generates, by the second detector, a second electrical signal corresponding to the second polarization. The method determines an orientation of the target based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and generates a point cloud based on the orientation of the target.
