Abstract

Electrochemically reacting a lanthanide or actinide in solvent at a working electrode; wherein the solvent comprises an organic solvent such as acetonitrile which have a dielectric constant of at least three; wherein the solvent system further comprises an electrolyte; wherein the working electrode comprises an ionically conducting or permeable film such as a fluorosulfonate film; wherein at least one ligand such as triflate distinct from the ionically conducting or permeable film is present; wherein the ligand is chemically similar to a structure in the ionically conducting or ionically permeable film; and optionally wherein the electrochemical oxidation or reduction is carried out under the influence of a magnetic field which favorably enhances the reaction. Improved electrochemical methods, identification, and separation can be achieved. Also, an electrochemical device, wherein the device is adapted to employ the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode, wherein the cathode is magnetically modified, or the electrolyte comprises at least one lanthanide or actinide, or both.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25C 1/22 - Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• B01J 19/08 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor
• C25B 1/00 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
• C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25C 7/02 - ElectrodesConnections thereof
• C25D 3/54 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group
• H01M 8/10 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
• H01M 8/1016 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
• H01M 12/06 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
• H01M 12/08 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type

Abstract

Electrochemically reacting a lanthanide or actinide in solvent at a working electrode; wherein the solvent comprises an organic solvent such as acetonitrile which have a dielectric constant of at least three; wherein the solvent system further comprises an electrolyte; wherein the working electrode comprises an ionically conducting or permeable film such as a fluorosulfonate film; wherein at least one ligand such as triflate distinct from the ionically conducting or permeable film is present; wherein the ligand is chemically similar to a structure in the ionically conducting or ionically permeable film; and optionally wherein the electrochemical oxidation or reduction is carried out under the influence of a magnetic field which favorably enhances the reaction. Improved electrochemical methods, identification, and separation can be achieved. Also, an electrochemical device, wherein the device is adapted to employ the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode, wherein the cathode is magnetically modified, or the electrolyte comprises at least one lanthanide or actinide, or both.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25C 1/22 - Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• C25B 1/00 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• H01M 12/08 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
• H01M 12/06 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
• H01M 8/1016 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
• C25C 7/02 - ElectrodesConnections thereof
• B01J 19/08 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor
• C25D 3/54 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• H01M 8/1018 - Polymeric electrolyte materials
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group

Abstract

Electrochemically reacting a lanthanide or actinide in solvent at a working electrode; wherein the solvent comprises an organic solvent such as acetonitrile which have a dielectric constant of at least three; wherein the solvent system further comprises an electrolyte; wherein the working electrode comprises an ionically conducting or permeable film such as a fluorosulfonate film; wherein at least one ligand such as triflate distinct from the ionically conducting or permeable film is present; wherein the ligand is chemically similar to a structure in the ionically conducting or ionically permeable film; and optionally wherein the electrochemical oxidation or reduction is carried out under the influence of a magnetic field which favorably enhances the reaction. Improved electrochemical methods, identification, and separation can be achieved. Also, an electrochemical device, wherein the device is adapted to employ the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode, wherein the cathode is magnetically modified, or the electrolyte comprises at least one lanthanide or actinide, or both.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/00 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25C 1/22 - Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• C25C 7/02 - ElectrodesConnections thereof
• C25D 3/54 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group
• B01J 19/08 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor
• H01M 12/06 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
• H01M 12/08 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
• H01M 8/1016 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
• H01M 8/1018 - Polymeric electrolyte materials