Methods for removing a conductive structure from a substrate are provided. The method includes additively manufacturing a conductive structure on a substrate. The method includes sintering the conductive structure and performing a manufacturing process with the conductive structure. The method includes removing the conductive structure from the substrate.
Additive manufacturing systems comprising at least two nozzles and methods for additive manufacturing are provided. An example system comprises a first cartridge assembly, a second cartridge assembly, a first nozzle positioning system, a second nozzle positioning system, and a control circuit. The first cartridge assembly comprises a first nozzle. The second cartridge assembly comprises a second nozzle. The first nozzle positioning system is operatively coupled to the first cartridge assembly and capable to move the first nozzle independently of the second nozzle and in at least three degrees of freedom relative to the second nozzle. The second nozzle positioning system operatively coupled to the second cartridge assembly capable to move the second nozzle independently of the first nozzle and in at least three degrees of freedom relative to the first nozzle.
B29C 64/124 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
B29C 64/232 - Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
B29C 64/236 - Driving means for motion in a direction within the plane of a layer
An apparatus and methods for filling microcavities are provided. For example, a method can include disposing a nozzle of a print head of an additive manufacturing system proximal to a microcavity defined in a substrate. The nozzle is disposed such that a first distance between the nozzle and a sidewall of the substrate defining the microcavity is no greater than a droplet size of an ink composition. The method can further include dispensing the ink composition from the nozzle into the microcavity. The nozzle moves at least in a horizontal path while dispensing, and the horizontal path includes a directional change of at least 15 degrees.
Conductive compositions for additive manufacturing, additive manufacturing methods, electrically conductive traces produced therefrom, and electronic articles are provided. The composition comprises at least 75 percent by weight of gold nanoparticles and at least 2 percent by weight of a polar solvent based, all based on the total weight of the composition. The gold nanoparticles comprise an average particle size of no greater than 100 nm as measured with transmission electron microscopy. The polar solvent has a boiling point of at least 200° C. The composition comprises less than 5 percent by weight of any solvent having a boiling point of less than 200° C. based on the total weight of the composition.
C08K 3/105 - Compounds containing metals of Groups 1 to 3 or of Groups 11 to 13 of the Periodic Table
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
Conductive compositions for additive manufacturing, additive manufacturing methods, electrically conductive traces produced therefrom, and electronic articles are provided. The composition comprises at least 75 percent by weight of copper nanoparticles, at least 2 percent by weight of a polar solvent, and at least 0.1 percent by weight of a dispersant, all based on the total weight of the composition. The copper nanoparticles comprise an average particle size of no greater than 500 nm as measured with transmission electron microscopy. The polar solvent has a boiling point of at least 150° C.
C09D 139/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones
C09D 171/00 - Coating compositions based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chainCoating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
6.
METHOD FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND AN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING APPARATUS
A method for additive manufacturing and an additive manufacturing apparatus are provided. The method includes disposing a nozzle of a print head of an additive manufacturing system over a location on a substrate. An ink composition from the nozzle is deposited onto the location of the substrate while moving the nozzle away from the substrate to increase a distance therebetween, thereby forming a portion of a structure on the location. The method includes repeatedly, as necessary to increase a distance the portion of the substrate protrudes from the substrate, performing the following over the location: moving the nozzle away from the substrate while not depositing the ink composition, moving the nozzle towards the substrate, and dispensing the ink composition from the nozzle onto the structure while moving the nozzle away from the substrate.
B29C 64/232 - Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
B29C 64/112 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
A method for printing traces on a substrate and an additive manufacturing apparatus therefor are provided. The method comprises determining at least two first location points for a first trace and at least two second location points for a second trace. The first trace and the second trace traverse at least two surfaces of the substrate, including a first surface of the substrate and a second surface of the substrate. At least two third location points are determined for a third trace based on the at least two first location points and the at least two second location points. The third trace is intermediate the first trace and the second trace. The third trace is formed on the at least two surfaces based on the at least two third location points.
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
8.
Method for printing traces on a substrate and an additive manufacturing apparatus therefor
A method for printing traces on a substrate and an additive manufacturing apparatus therefor are provided. The method comprises determining at least two first location points for a first trace and at least two second location points for a second trace. The first trace and the second trace traverse at least two surfaces of the substrate, including a first surface of the substrate and a second surface of the substrate. At least two third location points are determined for a third trace based on the at least two first location points and the at least two second location points. The third trace is intermediate the first trace and the second trace. The third trace is formed on the at least two surfaces based on the at least two third location points.
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Dyestuffs, pigments and Inks; Letterpress ink; Printing pigments; Printing ink containing nanoparticles; Printing ink for 3D printers; Printing ink for 3D printers for electrical circuits; Conductive paints; Toners and toner cartridges, filled, for printers; Silver emulsions [pigments]; Nano inks for industrial and laboratory printers; Nano inks based on silver, gold and copper nanoparticles. Printing; Digital printing; Custom 3D printing for others; Printing of nanomaterials.
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Dyestuffs, pigments and Inks; Letterpress ink; Printing pigments; Printing ink containing nanoparticles; Printing ink for 3D printers; Printing ink for 3D printers for electrical circuits; Conductive paints; Toners and toner cartridges, filled, for printers; Silver emulsions [pigments]; Nano inks for industrial and laboratory printers; Nano inks based on silver, gold and copper nanoparticles. Printing; Digital printing; Custom 3D printing for others; Printing of nanomaterials.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Colorants, pigments and inks; Typographic ink; Printing pigments; Printing ink containing nanoparticles; Printing ink for 3D printers; Printing ink for 3D printers for electrical circuits; Conductive paints; Toners and toner cartridges, filled, for printers; Silver emulsions [pigments]; Nano-inks for industrial and laboratory printers; Nano-inks based on silver nanoparticles, Nano-inks based on nanoparticles of gold and copper. Printing machines; Parts and fittings for printing machines and printers; Print heads for nanomaterial printers and printing machines; 3D printers; Printers for 3D printed circuits; Printers for printing multi-layer printed circuit boards; Nanomaterial printers. Scientific, photographic, optical, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision) and control apparatus and instruments; Apparatus and instruments for controlling electricity; Apparatus and instruments for accumulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for switching electricity; Apparatus and instruments for transforming electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for conducting electricity; Data processing equipment; Computers; Programs for computers; Controlling software for computer printers; Operating programs for industrial and laboratory printers; Printers for use with computers; Multifunction printers [MFP]; Print heads for multifunctional printers and for computer printers; Replicating apparatus; Precision measuring apparatus; Electrical and electronic components; Optical fibres [light conducting filaments]; Information technology and audio-visual, multimedia and photographic devices; Semi-conductors; Circuit boards for electrical and; Conductive foils for use in electronics and for the production of thin-film photoelectric cells. Printing; Digital printing; Custom 3D printing for others; Printing of nanomaterials. Scientific and technological services and research in the following fields: nano technology and Design relating to the aforesaid services; Industrial analysis and research services; Nanotechnology research; Technical consultancy in connection with the aforesaid services.
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Dyestuffs, pigments and Inks; Letterpress ink; Printing pigments; Printing ink containing nanoparticles; Printing ink for 3D printers; Printing ink for 3D printers for electrical circuits; Conductive paints; Toners and toner cartridges, filled, for printers; Silver emulsions [pigments]; Nano inks for industrial and laboratory printers; Nano inks based on silver, gold and copper nanoparticles. Printing; Digital printing; Custom 3D printing for others; Printing of nanomaterials.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Colorants, pigments and inks; Typographic ink; Printing pigments; Printing ink containing nanoparticles; Printing ink for 3D printers; Printing ink for 3D printers for electrical circuits; Conductive paints; Toners and toner cartridges, filled, for printers; Silver emulsions [pigments]; Nano-inks for industrial and laboratory printers; Nano-inks based on silver nanoparticles, Nano-inks based on nanoparticles of gold and copper. Printing machines; Parts and fittings for printing machines and printers; Print heads for nanomaterial printers and printing machines; 3D printers; Printers for 3D printed circuits; Printers for printing multi-layer printed circuit boards; Nanomaterial printers. Scientific, photographic, optical, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision) and control apparatus and instruments; Apparatus and instruments for controlling electricity; Apparatus and instruments for accumulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for switching electricity; Apparatus and instruments for transforming electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for conducting electricity; Data processing equipment; Computers; Programs for computers; Controlling software for computer printers; Operating programs for industrial and laboratory printers; Printers for use with computers; Multifunction printers [MFP]; Print heads for multifunctional printers and for computer printers; Replicating apparatus; Precision measuring apparatus; Electrical and electronic components; Optical fibres [light conducting filaments]; Information technology and audio-visual, multimedia and photographic devices; Semi-conductors; Circuit boards for electrical and; Conductive foils for use in electronics and for the production of thin-film photoelectric cells. Printing; Digital printing; Custom 3D printing for others; Printing of nanomaterials. Scientific and technological services and research in the following fields: nano technology and Design relating to the aforesaid services; Industrial analysis and research services; Nanotechnology research; Technical consultancy in connection with the aforesaid services.
14.
Method of forming a feature by dispensing a metallic nanoparticle composition from an ink-jet print head and a metallic nanoparticle composition for ink-jet printing
A method of forming a feature by dispensing a metallic nanoparticle composition from an ink-jet print head is disclosed. A jetting waveform is applied to piezoelectric actuator to dispense droplets of the metallic nanoparticle composition through nozzle opening. The droplets range in volume between 0.5 picoliter and 2.0 picoliter. The jetting waveform includes an intermediate contraction waveform portion, a final contraction waveform portion after the intermediate contraction waveform portion, and an expansion waveform portion after the final contraction waveform portion. During the intermediate contraction waveform portion, an applied voltage increases from an initial low voltage to an intermediate voltage and then is held at the intermediate voltage. During the final contraction waveform portion, the applied voltage increases from the intermediate voltage to maximum voltage and then is held at the maximum voltage. During the expansion waveform portion, the applied voltage decreases from the maximum voltage to a final low voltage.
B41J 2/045 - Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
C09D 11/033 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the solvent
C09D 11/037 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
C09D 11/106 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
A method of extruding a nanoparticle composition onto a substrate is disclosed. A nanoparticle composition dispenser includes a capillary tube. The capillary tube is oriented such that a first longitudinal axis extending through the capillary tube is tilted at an oblique angle relative to a vertical axis. The capillary tube is positioned above the substrate such that the capillary tube and its reflection from the substrate are visible within a field-of-view of a camera. Digital images of the capillary tube and its reflection are captured and processed to detect the first longitudinal axis extending through the capillary tube and a second longitudinal axis extending through the reflection. A point of intersection of the first longitudinal axis and the second longitudinal axis is calculated to estimate a zero-height position. The capillary tube is positioned at a start position in accordance with the zero-height position.
A metallic nanoparticle composition includes metallic nanoparticles and a non-aqueous polar protic solvent. The non-aqueous polar protic solvent has two hydroxyl groups, a boiling point of at least 280° C. at 760 mm Hg, and a viscosity in a range of 45 cP to 65 cP at 20° C. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is present on the metallic nanoparticle surfaces. A concentration of metals in the metallic nanoparticle composition is in a range of 60 wt % to 90 wt % and a concentration, in aggregate, of solvents having a boiling point of less than 280° C. at 760 mm Hg in the metallic nanoparticle composition does not exceed 3 wt %.
B22F 1/0545 - Dispersions or suspensions of nanosized particles
B22F 1/102 - Metallic powder coated with organic material
B22F 1/107 - Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agentsMetallic powder containing organic material containing organic material comprising solvents, e.g. for slip casting
C09D 11/033 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the solvent
C09D 11/037 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
C09D 11/106 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C09D 11/36 - Inkjet printing inks based on non-aqueous solvents
C09D 11/38 - Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
B22F 9/24 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
17.
Method of forming a transparent conductive member, and a free-standing transparent conductive film
Devices, systems, and methods related to a transparent conductive film are disclosed. In one aspect, a method of forming a transparent conductive member (e.g., a transparent conductive film) includes extruding a metallic nanoparticle composition from a capillary tube onto a temporary substrate to form an extrudate. The extrudate can include metallic nanoparticle lines. The method further includes sintering the extrudate and the temporary substrate, dispensing a photocurable polymer onto the temporary substrate, and laminating a second substrate to the photocurable polymer. The photocurable polymer and the extrudate are interposed between the temporary substrate and the second substrate. The method further includes curing the photocurable polymer to form a transparent polymer layer and separating the temporary substrate from the transparent layer to form the transparent conductive member. The transparent conductive member includes the transparent polymer layer and the extrudate embedded in the transparent polymer layer.
H01B 5/14 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
B32B 7/12 - Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
H01B 1/02 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
18.
Method of filling a microcavity with layers of polymeric material
A method of filling a microcavity with layers of a polymer material includes the following steps: (A) estimating a current vertical position of a bottom of the microcavity (current bottom position); (B) lowering the capillary tube into the microcavity towards the current bottom position; (C) dispensing a polymer composition from a tube outlet of the capillary tube under a dispensing applied pressure until the polymer composition substantially fills the microcavity; (D) curing a work piece including the microcavity and the polymer composition in the microcavity to obtain a current layer of the polymer material; and (E) repeatedly executing steps (A), (B), (C), and (D), until the layers of the polymer material have substantially filled the microcavity.
B29C 45/14 - Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mouldApparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
B29C 45/00 - Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mouldApparatus therefor
B29C 45/16 - Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
In various aspects, a method of detecting surface irregularities on or in an internal surface of a cylinder for use in a piston-cylinder assembly is disclosed. The method can include (A) fixing a position of and an orientation of a first one of the cylinder and a piston; (B) configuring a positioner and a dynamometer to move a dynamometer and a second one of the cylinder and the piston along a common longitudinal axis, the dynamometer being mechanically coupled to the second one; (C) moving the second one relative to the first one along the common longitudinal axis between a first position and a second position, the piston being located inside the cylinder at the first position and at the second position; and (D) measuring, by the dynamometer, a frictional force between the piston and the cylinder during the movement.
A composition for forming a contiguous conductive feature on a substrate includes silver nanoparticles, a titanium precursor compound, a first non-aqueous polar protic solvent, and a second non-aqueous polar protic solvent. The concentration of the titanium precursor compound in the composition is in a range of 2 vol % to 13 vol %. A method of forming a contiguous conductive feature on a substrate includes dispensing the composition on the substrate to form a contiguous precursor feature and sintering the contiguous precursor feature at a sintering temperature in a range of 300° C. to 500° C. to form the contiguous conductive feature. Example titanium precursor compounds are: titanium(IV) butoxide, titanium(IV) isopropoxide, titanium(IV) chloride, tetrakis(diethylamido)titanium(IV), and dimethyltitanocene.
B22F 7/04 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
B22F 1/107 - Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agentsMetallic powder containing organic material containing organic material comprising solvents, e.g. for slip casting
21.
Methods of dispensing a metallic nanoparticle composition from a nozzle onto a substrate
A method of dispensing a metallic nanoparticle composition along a trajectory on a substrate is disclosed. The composition is dispensed from a nozzle through its outlet. The outlet is characterized by an outlet size. First, an initial pressure is applied to the composition in the nozzle to cause the composition to flow from the outlet. The nozzle is positioned at a height such that the composition does not flow onto the substrate. Second, the nozzle is lowered toward the substrate such that a fluid bridge forms between the outlet and the substrate and an adjusted pressure is applied to the composition in the nozzle. The adjusted pressure is lower than needed for the composition to continue to flow from the outlet. Third, the fluid is dispensed from the nozzle. A dispensing pressure is applied to the fluid while the nozzle is laterally displaced along the trajectory on the substrate.
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
B05D 1/26 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
22.
Method of forming an electrically conductive feature traversing a microscopic step and related apparatus
A method of forming an electrically conductive feature traversing a microscopic step on or in a substrate is disclosed. A metallic nanoparticle composition is continuously extruded from a capillary tube (nozzle) while displacing the capillary tube along a first portion of a trajectory from a first position (above a step-top portion) past an edge of the microscopic step to a second position to form a first extrudate. The composition is continuously extruded while displacing the nozzle along a sloped second portion of the trajectory from the second position to a third position (above a step-bottom portion) to form a second extrudate. The third position is at a lower height than the second position. The composition is continuously extruded while displacing the nozzle along a third portion of the trajectory from the third position to a fourth position (above the step-bottom portion). The feature includes the first, second, and third extrudates.
H01L 21/288 - Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
B41M 1/22 - Metallic printingPrinting with powdered inks
B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
H01B 1/02 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
23.
METHOD OF FORMING A FEATURE BY DISPENSING A METALLIC NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITION FROM AN INK-JET PRINT HEAD AND A METALLIC NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITION FOR INK-JET PRINTING
A method of forming a feature by dispensing a metallic nanoparticle composition from an ink-jet print head is disclosed. A jetting waveform is applied to piezoelectric actuator to dispense droplets of the metallic nanoparticle composition through nozzle opening. The droplets range in volume between 0.5 picoliter and 2.0 picoliter. The jetting waveform includes an intermediate contraction waveform portion, a final contraction waveform portion after the intermediate contraction waveform portion, and an expansion waveform portion after the final contraction waveform portion. During the intermediate contraction waveform portion, an applied voltage increases from an initial low voltage to an intermediate voltage and then is held at the intermediate voltage. During the final contraction waveform portion, the applied voltage increases from the intermediate voltage to maximum voltage and then is held at the maximum voltage. During the expansion waveform portion, the applied voltage decreases from the maximum voltage to a final low voltage.
B41J 2/045 - Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
Additive method of forming a metallic nanoparticle microdot on a substrate, a metallic nanoparticle microdot, and an elongate metallic nanoparticle feature
1 above the zero-height position, including forming a fluid bridge between the outlet and the substrate; (C) optionally lifting the capillary tube relative to the substrate by a height increment of Dh while continuing to extrude the metallic nanoparticle composition from the outlet; and (D) rapidly lifting the capillary tube to separate the outlet from the fluid bridge.
B22F 1/0545 - Dispersions or suspensions of nanosized particles
B22F 1/107 - Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agentsMetallic powder containing organic material containing organic material comprising solvents, e.g. for slip casting
B33Y 70/10 - Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
25.
Methods of detecting and adjusting contact of a micro-structural fluid ejector to a substrate and method of detecting a fault condition in fluid flow from a micro-structural fluid ejector onto a substrate
max. A method of detecting a fault condition in fluid flow from a micro-structural fluid ejector onto a substrate includes analyzing the digital image to determine whether edges are present in a region of interest where fluid dispensed from the micro-structural fluid ejector should be present.
B41J 25/308 - Bodily-movable mechanisms for print heads or carriages movable towards or from paper surface with print gap adjustment mechanisms
B22F 10/14 - Formation of a green body by jetting of binder onto a bed of metal powder
B22F 12/90 - Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
B41J 2/165 - Prevention of nozzle clogging, e.g. cleaning, capping or moistening for nozzles
G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
B22F 1/0545 - Dispersions or suspensions of nanosized particles
26.
METHODS OF EXTRUDING A NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITION ONTO A SUBSTRATE
A method of extruding a nanoparticle composition onto a substrate is disclosed. A nanoparticle composition dispenser includes a capillary tube. The capillary tube is oriented such that a first longitudinal axis extending through the capillary tube is tilted at an oblique angle relative to a vertical axis. The capillary tube is positioned above the substrate such that the capillary tube and its reflection from the substrate are visible within a field-of-view of a camera. Digital images of the capillary tube and its reflection are captured and processed to detect the first longitudinal axis extending through the capillary tube and a second longitudinal axis extending through the reflection. A point of intersection of the first longitudinal axis and the second longitudinal axis is calculated to estimate a zero-height position. The capillary tube is positioned at a start position in accordance with the zero-height position.
B33Y 50/02 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
G01B 11/14 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
B22F 9/24 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
Method of printing fluid on a printable surface of a substrate. A print head ejects fluid in a continuous stream. The print head that includes a micro-structural fluid ejector, which consists of output, elongate input, and tapering portions between the output and the elongate input portions. The output consists of an exit orifice of an inner diameter ranging between 0.1 μm and 5 μm and an end face having a surface roughness of less than 0.1 μm. The print head is positioned above the substrate with the output of the micro-structural fluid ejector pointing downward. During printing, the print head positioning system maintains a vertical distance between the end face and the printable surface of the substrate within a range of 0 μm to 5 μm, and the pneumatic system applies pressure to the fluid in the micro-structural fluid ejector in the range of −50,000 Pa to 1,000,000 Pa.
A conductive ink composition includes metallic nanoparticles, a first non-aqueous polar protic solvent, and a second non-aqueous polar protic solvent. The metallic nanoparticles can be silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles can have an average particle size in a range of 20 nm to 80 nm. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is present on the metallic nanoparticle surfaces. The first solvent has a boiling point of at least 110° C. and a viscosity of at least 10 cP at 25° C. The second solvent has a boiling point of at least 200° C. and a viscosity of at least 100 cP at 25° C. The conductive ink composition contains the metallic nanoparticles in a range of 10 wt %to 75 wt %. The concentration of the second solvent in the conductive ink composition is 11.0% by volume or greater.
Fluid printing apparatus including substrate, print head, pneumatic system, and print head positioning system. The print head ejects fluid in a continuous stream with a micro-structural fluid ejector consisting of output, elongate input, and tapering portions between the output and elongate input portions. The output portion consists of an exit orifice of an inner diameter ranging between 0.1 μm and 5 μm and an end face having a surface roughness of less than 0.1 μm. The print head is positioned above the substrate with the output portion of the micro-structural fluid ejector pointing downward. During printing, the print head positioning system maintains a vertical distance between the end face and the printable surface of the substrate within a range of 0 μm to 5 μm, and the pneumatic system applies pressure to the fluid in the micro-structural fluid ejector in the range of −50,000 Pa to 1,000,000 Pa.
B41J 3/28 - Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for printing downwardly on flat surfaces, e.g. of books, drawings, boxes
B41J 2/045 - Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Colorants, pigments and inks; Typographic ink; Printing pigments; Printing ink containing nanoparticles; Printing ink for 3D printers; Printing ink for 3D printers for electrical circuits; Conductive paints; Toners and toner cartridges, filled, for printers; Emulsions (Silver -) [pigments]; Nano-inks for industrial and laboratory printers; Nano-inks based on silver nanoparticles. Printing; Digital printing; 3D printing; Printing of nanomaterials.
31.
Method of forming an elongate electrical connection feature traversing a microscopic step
A method of forming an elongate electrical connection feature that traverses at least one step on or in a substrate is disclosed. A metallic nanoparticle composition is extruded from a capillary tube while the capillary tube is displaced relative to the substrate. The method includes: (1) continuously extruding the composition from the capillary tube while displacing the capillary tube by a height increment during a displacement period; (2) continuously extruding the composition from the capillary tube while the capillary tube is stationary during a stationary period; and (3) repeatedly executing (1) and (2) until the capillary tube is displaced from a position at a step bottom portion to another position at a height not lower than a step top portion.
H01L 33/62 - Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the semiconductor body, e.g. leadframe, wire-bond or solder balls
B22F 3/20 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sinteringApparatus specially adapted therefor by extruding
32.
Method of estimating a line width of a nanoparticle line formed using a capillary tube, and related methods
A method of obtaining a numerical model is disclosed. The numerical model correlates estimated line width values to minimum pressure for gas bubble generation (MPGBG) values. An MPGBG value of each capillary tube in the reference group is measured for a liquid. A nanoparticle composition is deposited, under standard conditions, on substrate(s) from each respective reference capillary tube, to form nanoparticle lines. A line width of each of the nanoparticle lines deposited using each respective reference capillary tube is measured by a microscope apparatus. A numerical model that correlates estimated line width values to MPGBG values for the liquid is calculated.
A metallic nanoparticle composition dispenser includes a piston-cylinder assembly and a capillary tube. The piston-cylinder assembly includes a cylinder, a pneumatic port at first end of the cylinder, an outlet port at a second end of the cylinder opposite the first end, and a piston movable in the cylinder between the first end and the second end. The capillary tube has a tube inlet and a tube outlet, with the tube inlet being coupled to the outlet port of the cylinder. A metallic nanoparticle composition is contained in the cylinder. The metallic nanoparticle composition dispenser is configured such that the metallic nanoparticle composition is extruded by the piston through the capillary tube under pneumatic actuation by a regulated pneumatic system coupled to the pneumatic port.
B29C 48/475 - Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pistons, accumulators or press rams
B29C 48/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired formApparatus therefor
B29K 505/14 - Noble metals, e.g. silver, gold or platinum
C09D 11/033 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the solvent
C09D 11/037 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
C09D 11/106 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
A metallic nanoparticle composition includes metallic nanoparticles and a non-aqueous polar protic solvent. The non-aqueous polar protic solvent has two hydroxyl groups, a boiling point of at least 280 °C at 760 mm Hg, and a viscosity in a range of 45 cP to 65 cP at 20 °C. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is present on the metallic nanoparticle surfaces. A concentration of metals in the metallic nanoparticle composition is in a range of 60 wt % to 90 wt % and a concentration, in aggregate, of solvents having a boiling point of less than 280 °C at 760 mm Hg in the metallic nanoparticle composition does not exceed 3 wt %.
A method of forming a structure upon a substrate is disclosed. The method comprises: providing a substrate upon a surface of which a plurality of electrically conductive pads are disposed; depositing fluid containing a dispersion of electrically polarizable nanoparticles onto the substrate such that at least a portion of a first one of the plurality of pads is in contact with the fluid; applying an alternating electric field to the fluid using a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode being positioned so as to provide an effective first electrode end position from which the electric field is applied, coincident with the deposited fluid, and spaced apart from the first pad by a distance, and the second electrode being in contact with the first pad, such that a plurality of the nanoparticles are assembled to form a first elongate structure extending along at least part of the distance between the effective first electrode end position and the portion of the first pad.
H05K 3/00 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
H05K 3/10 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
36.
Method of decreasing a sheet resistance of a transparent conductor and a method of forming a multilayer transparent conductor
A method of decreasing a sheet resistance of a transparent conductor is disclosed. The method includes the following: forming a first transparent conductor layer on a substrate; dispensing a metallic nanoparticle composition on the first transparent conductor layer to form metallic nanoparticle features; and sintering at least the first transparent conductor layer and the metallic nanoparticle features. The first transparent conductor layer includes a crystalline metal oxide. The aperture ratio of the transparent conductor is in a range of 90% to 99%.
A multilayer transparent conductor and a method of forming a multilayer transparent conductor are also disclosed.
C04B 35/457 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxides based on zinc, tin or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates based on tin oxides or stannates
37.
Method of measuring a minimum pressure for gas bubble generation of a capillary tube, and related methods
A method of measuring a minimum pressure for gas bubble generation (MPGBG) value of a capillary tube is disclosed. The capillary tube has an inlet and an output portion including an outlet. The inlet is connected to a regulated pneumatic system, configured to supply a gas to the inlet under pressure. The output portion is immersed in a liquid. The gas is supplied to the inlet under a range of pressures including a higher pressure range and a lower pressure range. In the higher pressure range, gas bubbles are generated in the liquid from the outlet. In the lower pressure range, no gas bubbles are generated in the liquid from the outlet. A value of the minimum pressure for gas bubble generation (MPGBG) for the liquid is determined.
Other methods include a method of measuring and storing MPGBG values of capillary tubes, methods of selecting at least one capillary tube from a plurality of capillary tubes, and a method of cutting a capillary tube to a desired MPGBG value.
G01N 7/14 - Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference
B01F 23/231 - Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
G01N 13/02 - Investigating surface tension of liquids
38.
Method of estimating an output diameter of a capillary tube, and related methods
A method of obtaining a numerical model is disclosed. The numerical model correlates estimated capillary tube output diameter values to minimum pressure for gas bubble generation (MPGBG) values. An MPGBG value of each capillary tube in the reference group is measured for a liquid. An output diameter of each of the capillary tubes is measured by a microscope apparatus. A numerical model that correlates estimated capillary tube output diameter values to MPGBG values for the liquid is calculated.
A method of estimating an output diameter of a capillary tube includes the following steps. An MPGBG value of the capillary tube for a liquid is measured, and the measured MPGBG value is input into the numerical model to estimate the capillary tube output diameter value.
Other methods include a method of estimating an output diameter value of a capillary tube in a test group, a method of estimating and storing output diameter values of capillary tubes in a test group, methods of selecting at least one capillary tube from a plurality of capillary tubes in a test group, and a method of cutting a capillary tube to a desired estimated capillary tube output diameter value.
B01F 23/23 - Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
B01F 23/232 - Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
B01F 23/454 - Mixing liquids with liquidsEmulsifying using flow mixing by injecting a mixture of liquid and gas
B01F 23/2373 - Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media for obtaining fine bubbles, i.e. bubbles with a size below 100 µm
A method for modifying an elongate structure including providing a fluid deposited onto the substrate, the fluid containing a dispersion of electrically polarizable nanoparticles and applying an AC voltage across a portion of the elongate structure so as to cause an alternating electric current to pass through the narrow section such that a break in the elongate structure is formed at the narrow section, the break being defined between a first broken end and a second broken end of the elongate structure, and then cause, when the break is formed, an alternating electric field to be applied to the fluid such that a plurality of the nanoparticles contained in the fluid are assembled to form a continuation of the elongate structure extending from the first broken end towards the second broken end so as to join the first and second broken ends.
A metallic nanoparticle composition includes copper nanoparticles, a first non-aqueous polar protic solvent (boiling point in a range of 180° C. to 250° C. and viscosity in a range of 10 cP to 100 cP at 25° C.), and a second non-aqueous polar protic solvent (boiling point in a range of 280° C. to 300° C. and a viscosity of at least 100 cP at 25° C.). The concentration of copper nanoparticles in the composition is in a range of 32 wt % to 55 wt %, and the concentration of the second non-aqueous polar protic solvent in the composition is in a range of 4 wt % to 10 wt %. There is polyvinylpyrrolidone present on the copper nanoparticles surfaces. The composition's viscosity is at least 250 cP at 25° C.
C09D 11/106 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C09D 11/037 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
41.
METHODS OF DISPENSING A METALLIC NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITION FROM A NOZZLE ONTO A SUBSTRATE
A method of dispensing a metallic nanoparticle composition along a trajectory on a substrate (110) is disclosed. First, an initial pressure is applied to the composition in the nozzle to cause the composition to flow from the outlet. The nozzle (200) is positioned at a height such that the composition does not flow onto the substrate. Second, the nozzle is lowered toward the substrate such that a fluid bridge forms between the outlet and the substrate (110) and an adjusted pressure is applied to the composition in the nozzle (200). The adjusted pressure is lower than needed for the composition to continue to flow from the outlet. Third, the fluid is dispensed from the nozzle (200). A dispensing pressure is applied to the fluid while the nozzle is laterally displaced along the trajectory on the substrate (110).
A composition for forming a contiguous conductive feature on a substrate includes silver nanoparticles, a titanium precursor compound, a first non-aqueous polar protic solvent, and a second non‐aqueous polar protic solvent. The concentration of the titanium precursor compound in the composition is in a range of 2 vol % to 13 vol %. A method of forming a contiguous conductive feature on a substrate includes dispensing the composition on the substrate to form a contiguous precursor feature and sintering the contiguous precursor feature at a sintering temperature in a range of 300 °C to 500 °C to form the contiguous conductive feature. Example titanium precursor compounds are: titanium(IV) butoxide, titanium(IV) isopropoxide, titanium(IV) chloride, tetrakis(diethylamido)titanium(IV), and dimethyltitanocene.
B22F 1/02 - Special treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working, to improve properties; Metallic powders per se, e.g. mixtures of particles of different composition comprising coating of the powder
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 9/24 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
C09D 11/037 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
H01B 1/22 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
43.
METHODS OF DETECTING AND ADJUSTING CONTACT OF A MICRO-STRUCTURAL FLUID EJECTOR TO A SUBSTRATE AND METHOD OF DETECTING A FAULT CONDITION IN FLUID FLOW FROM A MICRO STRUCTURAL FLUID EJECTOR ONTO A SUBSTRATE
Methods are disclosed relating to the operation of a micro-structural fluid ejector in a fluid printing apparatus. The methods include providing an imaging system, capturing a digital image of the micro-structural fluid ejector and its surroundings, and pre-processing the digital image to detect edges. A method of detecting contact of a micro-structural fluid ejector to a substrate includes repeatedly lowering the print head and measuring the length of a detected edge until the currently measured length is determined to be longer than a previously measured length. A method of adjusting contact of a micro-structural fluid ejector to a substrate includes calculating a bending coefficient A of the micro-structural fluid ejector and lowering the print head toward the substrate if the bending coefficient A is less than a minimum threshold value Amin, raising the print head away from the substrate if the bending coefficient A is greater than a maximum threshold value Amax, and making no change to the vertical displacement of the print head if the bending coefficient A is in the range of Amin to Amax. A method of detecting a fault condition in fluid flow from a micro-structural fluid ejector onto a substrate includes analyzing the digital image to determine whether edges are present in a region of interest where fluid dispensed from the micro-structural fluid ejector should be present.
B41J 25/308 - Bodily-movable mechanisms for print heads or carriages movable towards or from paper surface with print gap adjustment mechanisms
B41J 2/005 - Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
B41J 25/312 - Bodily-movable mechanisms for print heads or carriages movable towards or from paper surface with print pressure adjustment mechanisms, e.g. pressure-on-the-paper mechanisms
B41J 2/165 - Prevention of nozzle clogging, e.g. cleaning, capping or moistening for nozzles
B05D 1/00 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
B05C 5/00 - Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
B41J 29/393 - Devices for controlling or analysing the entire machine
B22F 3/00 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sinteringApparatus specially adapted therefor
G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
H01L 21/288 - Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
A conductive ink composition includes metallic nanoparticles, a first non-aqueous polar protic solvent, and a second non-aqueous polar protic solvent. The metallic nanoparticles can be silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles can have an average particle size in a range of 20 nm to 80 nm. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is present on the metallic nanoparticle surfaces. The first solvent has a boiling point of at least 110 °C and a viscosity of at least 10 cP at 25 ºC. The second solvent has a boiling point of at least 200 °C and a viscosity of at least 100 cP at 25 °C. The conductive ink composition contains the metallic nanoparticles in a range of 10 wt % to 75 wt %. The concentration of the second solvent in the conductive ink composition is 11.0 % by volume or greater.
Fluid printing apparatus (100) including substrate (110), print head (104), pneumatic system (106), and print head positioning system (108). The print head (104) ejects fluid in a continuous stream with a micro-structural fluid ejector (200) consisting of output (166), elongate input, and tapering portions between the output (166) and elongate input portions. The output portion (166) consists of an exit orifice of an inner diameter ranging between 0.1 μm and 5 μm and an end face having a surface roughness of less than 0.1 μm. The print head (104) is positioned above the substrate (110) with the output portion (166) of the micro-structural fluid ejector (200) pointing downward. During printing, the print head positioning system (108) maintains a vertical distance between the end face and the printable surface (112) of the substrate (110) within a range of 0 μm to 5 μm and the pneumatic system (106) applies pressure to the fluid in the micro-structural fluid ejector (200) in the range of -50,000 Pa to 1,000,000 Pa.
B41J 3/407 - Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
Method of printing fluid on a printable surface (112) of a substrate (110). The print head (104) that includes a micro-structural fluid ejector (200), which consists of output (166), elongate input, and tapering portions between the output (166) and the elongate input portions. The output portion (166) consists of an exit orifice of an inner diameter ranging between 0.1 μm and 5 μm and an end face having a surface roughness of less than 0.1 μm. The print head (104) is positioned above the substrate (110) with the output portion (166) of the micro-structural fluid ejector (200) pointing downward. During printing, the print head positioning system (108) maintains a vertical distance between the end face and the printable surface (112) of the substrate (110) within a range of 0 μm to 5 μm and the pneumatic system (106) applies pressure to the fluid in the micro-structural fluid ejector (200) in the range of -50,000 Pa to 1,000,000 Pa.
B41J 3/407 - Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
A method of forming a structure upon a substrate is disclosed. The method comprises: providing a substrate upon a surface of which a plurality of electrically conductive pads are disposed; depositing fluid containing a dispersion of electrically polarizable nanoparticles onto the substrate such that at least a portion of a first one of the plurality of pads is in contact with the fluid; applying an alternating electric field to the fluid using a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode being positioned so as to provide an effective first electrode end position from which the electric field is applied, coincident with the deposited fluid, and spaced apart from the first pad by a distance, and the second electrode being in contact with the first pad, such that a plurality of the nanoparticles are assembled to form a first elongate structure extending along at least part of the distance between the effective first electrode end position and the portion of the first pad.
H05K 3/10 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
A method provided for modifying an elongate structure (101). The method comprises: providing a fluid deposited onto the substrate, the fluid containing a dispersion of electrically polarizable nanoparticles and being positioned so that at least the narrow section (103) of the elongate structure (101) is immersed therein; and applying an AC voltage across a portion of the elongate structure (101) that includes the narrow section (103) using a first electrode in contact with the elongate structure (101) at a first end (105A) of the portion and a second electrode in contact with the elongate structure (101) at a second end (105B) of the portion, so as to: cause an alternating electric current to pass through the narrow section (103) such that a break in the elongate structure (101) is formed at the narrow section (103), the break being defined between a first broken end (105A) and a second broken end (105B) of the elongate structure (101), and then cause, when the break is formed, an alternating electric field to be applied to the fluid such that a plurality of the nanoparticles contained in the fluid are assembled to form a continuation of the elongate structure (101) extending from the first broken end (105A) towards the second broken end (105B) so as to join the first (105A) and second (105B) broken ends.
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
A method is provided for forming structures upon a substrate. The method comprises: depositing fluid onto a substrate so as to define a wetted region, the fluid containing electrically polahzable nanoparticles; applying an alternating electric field to the fluid on the region, using a first electrode and a second electrode, so that a plurality of the nanoparticles are assembled to form an elongate structure extending from the first electrode towards the second electrode; and removing the fluid such that the elongate structure remains upon the substrate.
B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
H01L 21/02 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
H01L 21/326 - Application of electric currents or fields, e.g. for electroforming
H01L 21/67 - Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereofApparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components
H01L 21/66 - Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Colorants, pigments and inks; Typographic ink; Printing pigments; Printing ink containing nanoparticles; Printing ink for 3D printers; Printing ink for 3D printers for electrical circuits; Conductive paints; Toners and toner cartridges, filled, for printers; Emulsions (Silver -) [pigments]; Nano-inks for industrial and laboratory printers; Nano-inks based on silver nanoparticles. Printing machines; Parts and fittings for printing machines and printers; Print heads for nanomaterial printers and printing machines; 3D printers; Printers for 3D printed circuits; Printers for printing multi-layer printed circuit boards; Nanomaterial printers. Scientific, photographic, optical, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision) and control apparatus and instruments; Data processing equipment; Computers; Programs for computers; Controlling software for computer printers; Operating programs for industrial and laboratory printers; Printers for computers; multifunction printers (MFPs); Print heads for multifunctional printers and for computer printers; Replicating apparatus; Precision measuring apparatus; Electric and electronic components; Optical fibers [fibres] [light conducting filaments]; Information technology and audio-visual, multimedia and photographic devices; Semiconductors; Circuit boards for electrical and; Conductive foils for use in electronics and for the production of thin-film photoelectric cells; Apparatus and instruments for controlling electricity; Apparatus and instruments for accumulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for switching electricity; Apparatus and instruments for transforming electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for conducting electricity. Printing; Digital printing; 3D printing; Printing of nanomaterials. Scientific and technical services and research and design relating thereto; Industrial analysis and research services; Nanotechnology research; Technical consultancy in connection with the aforesaid services.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Colorants, pigments and inks; Typographic ink; Printing pigments; Printing ink containing nanoparticles; Printing ink for 3D printers; Printing ink for 3D printers for electrical circuits; Conductive paints; Toners and toner cartridges, filled, for printers; Emulsions (Silver -) [pigments]; Nano-inks for industrial and laboratory printers; Nano-inks based on silver nanoparticles. Printing machines; Parts and fittings for printing machines and printers; Print heads for nanomaterial printers and printing machines; 3D printers; Printers for 3D printed circuits; Printers for printing multi-layer printed circuit boards; Nanomaterial printers. Scientific, photographic, optical, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision) and control apparatus and instruments; Apparatus and instruments for controlling electricity; Apparatus and instruments for accumulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for switching electricity; Apparatus and instruments for transforming electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for conducting electricity; Data processing equipment; Computers; Programs for computers; Controlling software for computer printers; Operating programs for industrial and laboratory printers; Printers for computers; multifunction printers (MFPs); Print heads for multifunctional printers and for computer printers; Replicating apparatus; Precision measuring apparatus; Electric and electronic components; Optical fibers [fibres] [light conducting filaments]; Information technology and audio-visual, multimedia and photographic devices; Semiconductors; Circuit boards for electrical and; Conductive foils for use in electronics and for the production of thin-film photoelectric cells. Printing; Digital printing; 3D printing; Printing of nanomaterials. Scientific and technical services and research and design relating thereto; Industrial analysis and research services; Nanotechnology research; Technical consultancy in connection with the aforesaid services.
52.
BOTTOM-UP METHOD FOR FORMING WIRE STRUCTURES UPON A SUBSTRATE
A method is provided for forming structures upon a substrate. The method comprises: depositing fluid onto a substrate so as to define a wetted region, the fluid containing electrically polahzable nanoparticles; applying an alternating electric field to the fluid on the region, using a first electrode and a second electrode, so that a plurality of the nanoparticles are assembled to form an elongate structure extending from the first electrode towards the second electrode; and removing the fluid such that the elongate structure remains upon the substrate.
H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
