Embodiments described herein relate to methods and apparatuses for enabling performance of a distributed learning, DL process. The DL process is conducted between a server node and a plurality of distributed nodes comprising the distributed node, each distributed node having access to a local distributed node data set, and wherein the DL process is for developing a task Machine Learning, ML, model. A method in a management node comprises for individual distributed nodes of at least a subset of the plurality of distributed nodes, receiving a representation of a local version of an evaluator ML model, wherein the evaluator ML model is configured to predict performance of the task ML model, and wherein the local version of the evaluator ML model has been trained using data from the local distributed node data set to which the distributed node has access; aggregating the received representations of local versions of the evaluator ML model to generate a global version of the evaluator ML model; using the global version of the evaluator ML model to predict performance of a version of the task ML model; and initiating adjustment of at least one parameter of the DL process according to the predicted performance.
The present disclosure relates to a method performed by a network node (101) for cancelling PIM interference in a communications system (100). The network node (101) transmits a transmit signal (213). The network node (101) determines a ML model by determining a neural network comprising layers. The layers comprise an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer. The hidden layer is a fully connected layer or a binary layer. The network node (101) determines a PIM signal based on the transmit signal (213) before the ML model has been determined, and based on the ML model with the transmit signal as input signal to the ML model after the ML model has been determined. The network node (101) receives a receive signal (214). The network node (101) cancels the PIM interference from the receive signal (214) by subtracting the PIM signal from the receive signal (214).
H04B 1/525 - Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa with means for reducing leakage of transmitter signal into the receiver
There is provided techniques for biometric authentication of a user. A method is performed by a first communication device (200a). The method comprises receiving (S102) a biometric input of the user. The method comprises obtaining (S108) a non-secret transformation parameter of a transformation, wherein the non-secret transformation parameter is associated with a second communication device (200b). The method comprises performing (S114) the transformation on the biometric input using the non-secret transformation parameter. The method comprises sending (S118) the transformed biometric input towards the second communication device (200b) for biometric authentication of the user by the second communication device (200b). The method comprises receiving (S120) a result of the biometric authentication of the user from the second communication device (200b).
A remote electronic device encodes a media stream. A set of frames are selected from the media stream. A set of one or more feature weights are determined. One or more feature maps are determined for one of the frames of the media stream. Based on the feature weights and the feature maps, a gaze direction density map is determined. Based on the gaze direction density map, a tile-level foveation map is determined. The frame of the media stream is encoded using the tile-level foveation map into an encoded frame that includes encoded tiles of different resolutions. The encoded frame is transmitted to a user device.
A method (1300) by a first node (110) for network configuration transfer includes transmitting (1302), to a second node (108), information comprising an identifier of a type of network configuration information that the first node and/or a node in communication with the first node is capable of receiving. The first node receives (1304), from the second node, the network configuration information of the type associated with the identifier in the information.
H04L 41/0806 - Configuration setting for initial configuration or provisioning, e.g. plug-and-play
H04L 41/0895 - Configuration of virtualised networks or elements, e.g. virtualised network function or OpenFlow elements
H04L 41/122 - Discovery or management of network topologies of virtualised topologies e.g. software-defined networks [SDN] or network function virtualisation [NFV]
H04L 41/342 - Signalling channels for network management communication between virtual entities, e.g. orchestrators, SDN or NFV entities
H04W 24/02 - Arrangements for optimising operational condition
H04L 41/0266 - Exchanging or transporting network management information using the InternetEmbedding network management web servers in network elementsWeb-services-based protocols using meta-data, objects or commands for formatting management information, e.g. using eXtensible markup language [XML]
H04L 41/082 - Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being updates or upgrades of network functionality
H04L 41/08 - Configuration management of networks or network elements
A computer-implemented method performed by a first node (111). The method is for handling object identification. The first node (111) operates in a communications system (100). The first node (111) determines (307), using a first predictive model (122) to identify one or more objects in digital images, one or more first objects in a first digital image. The determining (307) is based on first information indicating one or more first properties of an illumination in the first digital image. The determining (307) is also based on second information indicating one or more second properties of a respective reflectance of the first digital image. The first node (111) then initiates (308) outputting an indication of the determined one or more first objects.
The present disclosure relates to scheduling of radio access network (RAN) data traffic to be transported in a communication network. In an aspect, a method of a RAN scheduler (18) is provided of scheduling RAN data traffic to be transported in a communication network (10). The method comprises receiving (S102), from a fronthaul device (17), an indication of impending fronthaul congestion associated with at least one fronthaul data traffic flow, and adapting (S103) scheduling of RAN data traffic based on the acquired indication, the adapted scheduling being performed to mitigate the indicated impending fronthaul congestion associated with the at least one fronthaul data traffic flow.
A communication device can determine (1420) a spatial resource associated with a physical downlink control channel ("PDCCH") candidate. The communication device can receive (1430) the PDCCH candidate using the spatial resource.
A first apparatus (110) for traffic management, synchronization and orchestration for Passive-Intermodulation Cancellation, PIMC. The first apparatus is configured to: receive, from a first user plane control unit (112), a first uplink, UL, scheduling information (310), and/or a first downlink, DL, scheduling information (320), related to an upcoming time frame; receive, from a second apparatus (120), a second UL scheduling information (510), and/or a second DL scheduling information (520), related to the upcoming time frame (405); determine one or more overlapping slots (710) resulting in a PIM interference in the upcoming time frame; send, to the second apparatus (120) DL data associated to the one or more DL slots to be scheduled by the first apparatus (110), if the one or more overlapping slots (710) result in PIM interference.
An optical printed circuit board, PCB, (200, 410, 500, 700, 810A, 810B, 910, 1010, 1500, 1600) comprising a plurality of optical waveguides (202, 502, 602A, 602B, 602C, 902, 1002, 1102, 1606); an optical switch (204, 504, 604, 804, 904, 1004, 1104, 1607); and an optical coupler (206, 606B, 606C, 906, 908, 1006A, 1006B, 1008, 1605) adapted to optically couple the plurality of optical waveguides and the optical switch to an optical device (320, 430, 920, 1020A, 1020B, 1120A, 1120B, 1503, 1603). The optical switch is configured to direct light into one or more optical waveguides of the plurality of optical waveguides. The optical switch is controllable to select the one or more optical waveguides into which light is directed.
A method is provided performed by a network node without a direct communication link with a plurality of UEs to collaboratively train a machine learning, ML, model based on a relay assisted distributed ML with over-the-air computation and data privacy. The method includes receiving (506) further modified local ML model gradients from a relay over wireless channels. A further modified local ML model gradient includes a local ML model gradient modified by a respective UE with a first artificial noise for data privacy which is further modified by the relay with a second artificial noise for data privacy. The method further includes aggregating (508) the further modified local ML model gradients based on an over-the-air computation; constructing (510) an updated ML model; and performing (512) one of (i) transmitting the updated ML model to the relay, or (ii) configure variables and start a next round of the collaborative training.
Disclosed herein is a method to be performed by a first node in a network to participate in a placement determination process for a data processing workload. The data processing workload may be configured to process data originating from or near an originating node for the data processing workload. The method includes determining, for each of one or more upstream nodes, whether a forwarding condition for the upstream node is satisfied based on metadata associated with the data processing workload, transmitting, to each of one or more upstream nodes that satisfy the forwarding condition, a placement request that includes the metadata associated with the data processing workload, receiving, from each of the one or more upstream nodes that satisfy the forwarding condition, a placement response, and determining a node having a minimal cost based on information included in the placement responses received from the one or more upstream nodes.
Systems and methods for digital sectorization are provided. In some embodiments, a method of operating a radio access node includes: obtaining values related to a user distribution and/or traffic characteristics of connected users; determining to alter a current digital sectorization status based on the values; and in response to determining to alter a current digital sectorization status: determining a power for each digital sector. This might provide some of the following advantages. More flexible digital sectorization deployment is introduced by considering user distribution in shaping the coverage of the digital sectors. The proposed systems and methods are more energy efficient as the total cell power can be divided between digital sectors based on average users' signal quality at each digital sector. The total cell coverage is also improved by combining IRS with digital sectorization. Moreover, using IRS with digital sectorization provides a degree of freedom to shape the digital sectors.
There is provided techniques for joint communication and sensing. A method is performed by a first radio transceiver device. The method comprises transmitting, towards a second radio transceiver device, a communication signal at least composed of data symbols and signal-shaping symbols. The signal-shaping symbols have values based on values of the data symbols and are determined for the communication signal to fulfil an auto-correlation criterion.
G01S 7/00 - Details of systems according to groups , ,
G01S 7/02 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systemsAnalogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
G01S 13/46 - Indirect determination of position data
15.
METHOD FOR MANAGING AN ENERGY USAGE IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK
The invention concerns a method (10) for a mobile communications network (1), the method comprising Determining (11), by a core network (2), whether an energy efficiency accepted indicator is set for a user equipment, UE (4), wherein the energy efficiency accepted indicator is indicating whether energy saving functionalities should be applied; and Transmitting (12), by the core network (2), a message to a radio access network, RAN (3), wherein the message is indicating that the energy efficiency accepted indicator is set for the UE, if it is determined that the energy efficiency accepted indicator is set for the UE.
A local node (110) and method therein for causing generation of sensor stimuli to a user in an environment of the local node (110) are disclosed. The local node (110) is configured to obtain status information of one or more Auxiliary Sensor Stimuli Generating Modules (ASSGM) (130), associated to the local node (110); send the status information of the one or more ASSGM to an Extended Media Selection and Delivery (EMSD) system (120) for selection of one or more extended media; obtain information from the EMSD system (120), on one or more extended media to be presented to the user; and cause generation of sensor stimuli to the user from the one or more ASSGM (130) based on the one or more extended media.
H04L 67/12 - Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
H04N 21/422 - Input-only peripherals, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]
17.
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT CARD IDENTITY PROFILE
Methods (300; 400; 500; 600) and apparatus (800; 830; 840; 850; 860) for subscription transferring are provided. A method performed by a first network device comprises receiving a first message from a second network device. The first message comprises first information regarding a target device and second information indicating the target device is trying to download an ICCID profile. The method comprises validating if the target device is eligible for subscription transferring for the ICCID profile based on the first information. The method comprises sending a second message to a source device when the target device is eligible for the subscription transferring. The subscription transferring is triggered by a user via the source device and wherein the second message is for requesting consent for subscription transferring from the user and/or requesting the user to enter an address for receiving a first confirmation code associated with the ICCID profile.
The present disclosure relates to a method of a User Plane Function (UPF) device (17) of transporting data in a network (10), and a UPF device (17) performing the method. The method comprises receiving (S103), via a first data path (18a), user plane data having been replicated from user plane data transported in downlink via a second data path (16a) to an intended recipient (15), acquiring (S105) information indicating that a failure is detected to have occurred in transporting the user plane data to the intended recipient (15) via the second data path (16a), and transporting (S106) the replicated user plane data received via the first data path (18a) to the intended recipient (15) of the user plane data in downlink via a third data path (18b).
H04W 28/086 - Load balancing or load distribution among access entities
19.
METHOD FOR RECOMMENDING A LINK FOR USE BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND MULTI-LINK DEVICES (MLDS) IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK, AS WELL AS CORRESPONDING METHODS AND DEVICES
A method for recommending a link for use between a first Multi-Link Device, MLD, and a second MLD, in a wireless communications network, wherein said first and said second MLD are able to communicate with each other by simultaneously using multiple wireless links, wherein the method comprises the step of transmitting, by said first MLD, to said second MLD, a link recommendation for use for communication between said first and said second MLD, said recommended link being a link among said multiple wireless links, wherein said link recommendation is at least based on power consumptions associated with said multiple wireless links.
An extended reality, XR, device (100) comprising a controller (110), wherein said controller (110) comprises: a graphics processing circuit (111) configured to provide one or more graphic control objects (210), which one or more graphic control objects (210) are to be displayed in a control area (220) as part of a graphical user interface, GUI, a hand-movement-detection circuit (112) configured to detect a movement of a hand H of a user, a handedness-detection circuit (113) configured to detect a handedness based on the movement of the hand H, whereby the handedness indicates a main hand and a GUI adaptation circuit (114) configured to determine a position for the control area (220) based on the detected handedness, wherein the handedness-detection circuit (113) is configured to detect the handedness based on the movement of the hand H by determining that the movement of the hand result in operations which operations are within a first accuracy range associated with a main hand and in response thereto determine the handedness as being for the hand movements within the first accuracy range, and wherein the position for the control area (220) is a first position when the handedness indicates a first main hand and wherein the position for the control area (220) is a second position when the handedness indicates a second main hand.
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G06F 3/03 - Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
G06F 3/0346 - Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the userAccessories therefor with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors
G06F 3/048 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
A communication device (12) determines, from one or more codebooks (24), a precoder (18) for precoding a transmission (16) between the communication device (12) and a network node (14). In some embodiments, the determined precoder (18) comprises a first component (18-1) and a second component (18-2). The first component (18-1) is formed from one or more Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT, precoding vectors. The second component (18-2) adjusts a phase and/or an amplitude of each element in at least one of the one or more DFT precoding vectors. The communication device (12) also receives the transmission (16) as precoded with the determined precoder (18).
H04B 7/04 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
H04B 7/0456 - Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices for antenna weighting
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide method and apparatus for cluster management. A method performed by a first node of a cluster comprises receiving equal network cost group (ENCG) data for the cluster from a cluster management node. The method may further comprise generating a first network cost matrix for the cluster based on the ENCG data for the cluster.
A method performed by a first network node is provided. The method comprises obtaining location information which indicates a location of a user equipment (UE), and based on the location of the UE, determining whether to transmit, to the UE, an access key for accessing secured data stored in at least one memory of the UE. The method further comprises, based on the determination, transmitting the access key to the UE
There is provided techniques for selecting beam weights for an array of elements. A method is performed by a controller. The method comprises obtaining a lens identifier of a lens as the lens is mounted in front of the array of elements. The method comprises selecting the beam weights of the array of elements based on a combination of the lens identifier and a target radiation pattern for the array of elements.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/04 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
25.
TEST APPARATUS, TEST SETUP AND METHOD FOR MEASURING A RADIATION PATTERN OF AN ANTENNA UNDER TEST
A test apparatus (14) for testing an antenna under test (16) has a measurement device (26), a turntable (24) and at least one stationary probe antenna (28). The measurement device (26) is a multi-channel measurement device, wherein the turntable (24) comprises a first portion (36), a second portion (38), a first rotatable RF joint (44) and a holding section (34), wherein the second portion (38) is attached rotatably to the first portion (36), and the first rotatable RF joint (44) provides a rotatable RF path between the first portion (36) and the second portion (38). The measurement device (26) and the holding section (34) are arranged spatially fixed with respect to each other at the second portion (38) of the turntable (24), and wherein the at least one stationary probe antenna (28) is electrically connected to the measurement device (26) for transmission of RF signals via the first rotatable RF joint (44). Further, a test setup (10) and a method are provided.
Systems and methods for adaptive spatial remote communication are provided. A method includes determining a requirement parameter for a first system, receiving a capability parameter for a second system that is used by a second user in communication with a first user of the first system, comparing the requirement parameter and the capability parameter. Based on the comparison, the method further includes determining whether to adapt one or more content representations for one or more of the first system and the second system. In response to determining that at least one of the content representations is to be adapted, the method causes at least one of the first system and the second system to adapt the at least one of the content representations to be presented, wherein the adapting is based on a first modality and/or a first quality level.
H04L 5/14 - Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
H04L 12/18 - Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference
H04L 47/24 - Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
H04L 47/74 - Admission controlResource allocation measures in reaction to resource unavailability
H04L 47/76 - Admission controlResource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions
H04L 65/1094 - Inter-user-equipment sessions transfer or sharing
H04L 65/403 - Arrangements for multi-party communication, e.g. for conferences
A method (100), performed by a network node, for enabling CSI compression. The method comprises clustering (101) UEs according to a measure of similarity, training (102) a hybrid autoencoder comprising a classical encoder and a quantum decoder, for each cluster of UEs, on training data corresponding to CSI of a selected UE from the cluster of UEs, and transmitting (103) the encoder of the hybrid quantum-classical autoencoder to each UE in the cluster of UEs. Also disclosed are related network nodes, radio access nodes, computer programs, and computer program products.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04L 1/00 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
A method for making an offline transaction between a payee and a payer, performed by a payee device in communication with a payer device, is provided. The method includes sending, by the payee device, towards the payer device, a first message including signed payee offline information. The method includes receiving, by the payee device, from the payer device, signed payer offline information that is signed with a transaction broker node private key. The method includes receiving, by the payee device, from the payer device, a signed offline transaction that is signed with the payer private key. The method includes verifying, by the payee device, the signed payer offline information. The method includes verifying, by the payee device, the signed offline transaction. The method includes, as a result of verifying, by the payee device, the signed payer offline information and the signed offline transaction, accepting the signed offline transaction.
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentialsReview and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
There is provided a radio receiver for full-duplex communication. The radio receiver comprises an input port for receiving a signal from an antenna. The radio receiver comprises a first signal path operatively connected to the input port for providing a positive polarity of a differential down-converted version of the received signal. The radio receiver comprises a second signal path operatively connected to the input port for providing a negative polarity of the differential down-converted version of the received signal. The radio receiver comprises a cancellation circuit operatively connected to the first signal path for injecting a cancellation current in the first signal path. The radio receiver comprises a Self-Interference-Signal control circuit configured to receive channel and cross-interference information and to control the cancellation circuit based on the received channel and cross-interference information.
H04B 1/525 - Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa with means for reducing leakage of transmitter signal into the receiver
H04B 1/10 - Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
H04L 5/14 - Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
A method, system and apparatus for improved control channel element (CCE) randomization are disclosed. According to one aspect, a method in a wireless device (WD) includes mapping a search space to a set of non-overlapping control channel elements, CCEs, when the WD supports additional non-overlapping CCEs for a given CCE aggregation level. The method includes mapping a search space to a set of CCEs selected only for a search space of a CCE aggregation level higher than the given CCE aggregation level when the WD does not support additional non-overlapping CCEs. The method includes otherwise, not mapping the search space.
A method (800) for determining the location of a device within an environment comprising a set of two or more planar surfaces (PSs), the set of two or more PSs comprising a first PS, PS A, and a second PS, PS_B, wherein a first set of points of interest (POIs) is associated with PS A and a second set of POIs is associated with PS B. The method includes detecting a PS, PS D, in an image of the environment that was captured using an image sensor of the device. The method further includes determining Pols associated with PS D using the captured image. The method further includes using the Pols associated with PS D to determine the PS within the set of two or more PSs in the environment to which PS D corresponds. The method further includes, after determining the PS within the set of PSs to which PS D corresponds, determining the location of the device within the environment. Wherein using the Pols associated with PS D to determine the PS within the set of PSs of the environment to which PS D corresponds comprises obtaining a first transform value using the determined Pols and the Pols associated with PS A; and determining whether the first transform value satisfies a first condition.
An XR rendering device enabling rendering an immersive XR environment on display devices for viewing by participants in the immersive XR environment. The XR rendering device performs operations to define a virtual portal at a location in physical space of a first participant. Operations determine a set of virtual electronic device characteristics of a virtual electronic device, and render a virtual electronic device representation in the immersive XR environment of the virtual electronic device based on the set of virtual electronic device characteristics. Operations identify a characteristic of an interaction of the first participant or a second participant with a virtual user interface of the virtual electronic device, and communicate with an XR managing server to control an operational function of the virtual electronic device based on the identified characteristic of the interaction.
A first device (103, 115, 301, 401) and a second device (303, 401) that both operate in a communications network (101) communicate with one another via sidelink communication (105), with sidelink communication resources (111) being allocated by the communications network (101) and communicated to at least one of the first (103, 115, 301, 401) and second devices (303, 401). The first device (103, 115, 301, 401) communicates (205, 315, 501) sidelink context information to an application server (113, 305), wherein the sidelink context information pertains to the sidelink communication (105). The first device (103, 115, 301, 401) receives (317, 503), from the application server (113, 305), a communication that includes information identifying one or more communication resources within the at least one set of communication resources (111) allocated by the network to be used during the sidelink communication (105) with the second device (303, 401). The first device (103, 115, 301, 401) performs one or both of a first action (505) and a second action (507), wherein the first action (505) includes configuring (509) a transceiver of the first device (103, 115, 301, 401) to use the communication resources identified by the communication received from the application server (113, 305); and using (511) the configured transceiver when communicating via sidelink with the second device (303, 401). The second action (507) includes communicating (513) information about the identified communication resources to the second device (303, 401) for use when performing the sidelink communication (105) between the first device (103, 115, 301, 401) and the second device (303, 401).
Systems and methods for Uplink (UL) codebook configuration for near- field communications are provided. In some embodiments, a method performed by a device for communicating with a network node includes: receiving an indication from the network node to apply one of: a Near-field UL codebook; and a Joint near-field and far-field UL codebook; and performing an UL transmission with the indicated Near-field UL codebook, or Joint near-field and far-field UL codebook. In this way, some embodiments enable proper UL codebook configuration for near-field communications. This, in turn, makes it possible to serve the near-field devices, improve the spectral efficiency for them, and reduce network interference.
H04B 7/04 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
H04B 7/0456 - Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices for antenna weighting
35.
COST ANALYSIS FOR COMPUTATIONAL OFFLOADING DECISIONS
Systems and methods collect input information about a function to offload, a representation of the code, application requirements, user preferences, resource profiles, and capabilities and apply a cost function to weigh these factors as applied to available offloading and local processing options. The cost function outputs a list of resource specifications that fulfill the application requirements and user preferences together with information about expected performance, energy consumption, monetary cost, and other aspects of the potential offloading. Application developer tools assemble input data and evaluate candidates for offloading functionality, which are used in static, semi-static, and dynamic deployments. They are also applied in a control plane of a framework for dynamic offloading to field requests and evaluate whether potential offloading solutions are beneficial.
A transmitter device (14) arranged for transmitting to a plurality of receiver devices (16) is provided. The transmitter device (14) is configured to: determine whether to interlace a plurality of subcarriers for transmission, where each respective subset of the plurality of subcarriers is configured for a respective one of a plurality of receiver devices, interlace the plurality of subcarriers based on the determination; and transmit the interlaced plurality of subcarriers at least in part by beamforming each of the respective subset of the plurality of subcarriers using respective beamforming.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
37.
TIME INTERLEAVED VOLTAGE MODE DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER WITH ISOLATION SWITCH
A Time Interleaved (TI) voltage mode Digital to Analog Converter (VDAC) comprises a plurality of subVDACs, the outputs of which are multiplexed by an interleaving circuit to produce an updated analog voltage every output clock cycle. To isolate timing errors, such as clock skew and duty cycle variations, in the interleaving switches from the TI-VDAC output, a series Return To Open (RTO) switch is interposed between the output of the interleaving circuit and the TI- VDAC output. The RTO switch is open while the interleaving circuit switches between subVDACs, and is closed only when a sufficiently stable subVDAC output is present at the interleaving circuit output. In various aspects, further isolation is achieved. For example, a shunt isolation switch may be connected between the TI-VDAC output and a reference voltage, which may be ground or a subVDAC analog voltage (sample) value. The shunt isolation switch operates inversely to the RTO switch.
A wireless device (10) determines a first spatial characteristic of first reference signals on a first frequency. Further, the wireless device determines a second spatial characteristic of second reference signals on a second frequency from the at least one spatial characteristic of the first reference signals and based on a mapping function. The mapping function depends on the first frequency and the second frequency and maps the at least one first spatial characteristic to the at least one second spatial characteristic.
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
39.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PRIVACY AND NETWORK MANAGEMENT IN A DUAL PROXY DEPLOYMENT NETWORK
A method for privacy management in dual proxy deployment communication networks. The method comprises receiving, by an Application Serve (AS) a trigger for requesting privacy enabling. The method further comprises transmitting, by the AS, an enabling privacy request to an Exposure Function (EF) and authorising, by the EF, the enabling privacy request. The method additionally comprises transmitting, by the EF, privacy instructions to a repository in the dual proxy deployment network.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices and computer readable storage medium for event monitoring and reporting. In the method, a first network device receives, from a second network device or a third network device, a request for monitoring an event for a plurality of terminal devices. The request includes at least one condition for filtering at least one terminal device of the plurality of terminal devices. Based on the at least one condition, the first network device transmits a report of the monitored event to the second network device.
H04L 41/0604 - Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using filtering, e.g. reduction of information by using priority, element types, position or time
H04W 84/04 - Large scale networksDeep hierarchical networks
41.
APPARATUS, FIRST ROAD USER, METHODS FOR DIRECT DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN ROAD USERS OF URGENT CRITICAL-BASED EVENT NOTIFICATION MESSAGES
An apparatus (200), a first road user (210), methods and computer programs are disclosed. The apparatus (200) is for direct distribution, between one or more road users (210, 211), of one or more urgent critical-based event notification messages (220). The apparatus (200) comprises a common format (320). The apparatus (200) is configured to obtain one or more specific formats (310, 311) from one or more entities (410, 411); converting the one or more specific formats (310, 311) to the common format (320); send, to each of the one or more road users (210, 211), a converting module (240, 241).
A method (1300) by a user equipment, UE (102), for mobile-integrated Access and Backhaul, mlAB, includes receiving (1302) information indicating a beam to be transmitted from a target Distributed Unit (104), DU, during a HO of the UE from a first cell to a second cell. The HO comprises a mlAB Random Access Channel-less, RACH-less, HO.
A method (200) for applying digital pre-distortion, DPD, in a system comprising Mtot non-linear devices, where Mtot ≥ 1. The method includes obtaining a first vector of input samples, x1. The method further includes obtaining a plurality of feedback vectors, Y. Wherein each feedback vector of the plurality of feedback vectors is associated with one of the Mtot non-linear devices. The method further includes generating an auxiliary matrix, E, using x1 and Y. The method further includes generating a regression matrix, X, using x1. The method further includes solving a dual optimization problem to find an optimal vector, λ*. Wherein the dual optimization problem is a function of λ, E, X, and Y. Wherein λ is an optimization variable; calculating a delta parameter vector, Δθ*, using λ*. The method further includes distorting a second vector of input samples using Δθ*.
A wireless device (10) obtains information whether the wireless device (10) itself or a further wireless device operates in a relaxed measurement mode of a cellular interface. Based on the obtained information, the wireless device (10) controls sidelink communication of the wireless device (10) and the further wireless device (10).
a,fa,f,a,f,a,f,a,f, to generate a fourth analog signal, z; and an output processing block configured to derive a fifth analog signal from the fourth analog signal for outputting to a transmitting block.
The disclosure relates to a computer implemented method for managing a cluster of vehicles. The method comprises receiving a request from a first vehicle, through a mobile communications network, for establishing a cluster of vehicles. The method comprises assigning the first vehicle as cluster head and authorizing the first vehicle to start broadcasting information about the cluster using short range communication, and to establish communication with other vehicles. The method comprises receiving a request from at least one second vehicle, through the cluster head, for joining the cluster. The method comprises assigning a standby node, selected among the at least one second vehicle, the standby node having mobile communications network capacity. The method comprises periodically assigning a new cluster head, to the cluster of vehicles, using a reinforcement learning model.
A wireless device (WD) is described. The WD is configured to determine a performance metric and an energy efficiency (EE) of a task associated with a WD application, and for each server, obtain an end-to-end (E2E) performance metric and an E2E EE of the task as if the task is being executed by the corresponding server. The performance metric is compared with the E2E performance metric of each server. When the performance metric is less or equal to the E2E performance metric of each server, the task is executed at the WD. When the performance metric is greater than the E2E performance metric of at least one server, a server or the WD is selected to execute the task based on the EE of the WD and the E2E of each server. The task is executed at the WD or offloaded for execution by the server.
There is provided techniques, a method, a UE, a computer program and a computer program product for UE-initiated QoS configuration. The method is performed by the UE. The UE comprises a modem manager. The method comprises the modem manager receiving a request for a QoS reconfiguration. The method comprises the modem manager sending, towards a network node, the request for QoS reconfiguration of the UE. The method comprises the modem manager receiving, from the network node, QoS configuration of the UE. The method comprises the modem manager implementing a differentiation of traffic flows with different QoS values in accordance with the QoS configuration. The method comprises the modem manager sending a notification indicating the QoS configuration to the application function.
A method for L1/L2 Triggered Mobility, LTM, of a wireless communications device (521), such as a UE, in a wireless communications network, performed by a source radio access node (511), such as a source gNB-DU5 The method comprises triggering (501) LTM of the wireless communications device (521) towards a candidate cell served by a candidate radio access node (512), such as a candidate gNB-DU. The method further comprises requesting (502) the candidate radio access node (512) to send a cell Scheduling Request, SR, configuration for the wireless 10 communications device (521). The method further comprises receiving (502) the SR configuration from the candidate radio access node (512). The method further comprises transmitting (505) an indication of the SR configuration to the wireless communications device (521).
In an embodiment, a method is implemented in a network node for allocating supported frequency resource configurations for full duplex communication. The method includes receiving, from a User Equipment device (UE), capability information comprising information related to the supported frequency resource configurations for full duplex communication, wherein the full duplex communication is a sub-band full duplex (SBFD) communication mode wherein at least one of the UE and the network node transmit and receive transmissions simultaneously using non-overlapping frequency resources, and wherein the capability information comprises one or more SBFD sub-band configurations supported by the UE. A network node can be provided to perform the same method.
A method performed by a first network node (101). The method is for handling data forwarding. The first network node (101) operates in a communications network (100). The first network node (101) obtains (503) a message from a second network node (102) operating in the communications network (100). The message comprises at least one of: a) a first indication of a first availability of a first direct data forwarding path between one or more second target network nodes (114) and a first source network node (111), b) a second indication of a second availability of a second direct data forwarding path between the one or more second target network nodes (114) and one or more second source network nodes (112), and c) at least one of: a respective first identifier and a respective address of the first source network node (111) and the one or more second source network nodes (112).
Systems and methods are disclosed that are related to network slice based northbound service Application Programming Interface (API) exposure for a cellular communications system. In one embodiment, a method performed by a core function of a common API framework for northbound APIs in a cellular communications system 5 comprises receiving, from an API publishing function associated to an API provider, a request to publish a service API, the request comprising network slice information for the service API. With such network slice based API exposure, the network operator can provide more relevant and controlled API to 3rd party, e.g., to enable more business use cases around network slices.
H04L 41/0895 - Configuration of virtualised networks or elements, e.g. virtualised network function or OpenFlow elements
H04L 41/40 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities
H04L 67/133 - Protocols for remote procedure calls [RPC]
H04L 67/51 - Discovery or management thereof, e.g. service location protocol [SLP] or web services
53.
MECHANISMS FOR SUPPORT OF SATELLITE OR FEEDER LINK SWITCH WITH UNCHANGED PCI AND CARRIER FREQUENCY
A method performed by a user equipment for performing a cell switch is provided. The method comprises: receiving, from a network node, assistance information for performing the cell switch and performing the cell switch based on the assistance information, The assistance information comprises one or more of: information related to general properties of the cell switch; information related to the timing of the cell switch; information related to the satellite orbit and feeder link propagation delay after the cell switch; information related to the difference in timing; information related to the timing of the SSB transmissions after the cell switch; information related to the location and coverage of the new cell; and information related to the provision or transfer of assistance information or configuration information to the UE.
A method for estimating a location of a UE is disclosed. The method comprises receiving, from a network, a communication initiating a first positioning procedure for estimating the location of the UE in a first cell group (CG), wherein one or more nodes in the first CG participate in the first positioning procedure. The method further comprises determining that the first positioning procedure cannot be completed. The method further comprises receiving, from the network, a communication initiating a second positioning procedure for estimating the location of the UE in a second CG, wherein one or more nodes in the second CG participate in the second positioning procedure, and wherein at least one of the first CG or the second CG is a Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) CG.
G01S 5/00 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
G01S 19/38 - Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
A first MLD, configured to communicate with at least one second MLD, is configured to assign a score to each link of a plurality of available links, the score being based on a communication capability of each link; assign an aggregation score to a set of links, the set of links including at least two links selected from the plurality of available links, the aggregation score being based on the scores of each link of the set of links and being assigned based on satisfaction of a condition; select, for a transmission, one of a first link of the plurality of available links or the set of links, the selection being based on the score of the first link or on the aggregation score of the set of links; and transmit using the selected one of the first link or the set of links.
A method performed by a first device (300, 3112A, 4200, 300, 3110, 5300) for triggering a discovery procedure about an object (302, 33112B, 4200) is provided. The method includes receiving (700) a reflection of a signal; and using (702) the reflection to detect the object and determine at least one of (i) that the object (302, 3112B, 4200) was not previously detected, and (ii) additional information about the object. The method further includes, responsive to detection of the object, triggering (704) a discovery procedure about the object to determine whether the object is a candidate device that can communicate with at least one of the first device and a second device and/or a capability of the candidate device. Methods performed by first and second devices, and related methods and apparatus are also disclosed.
A method for providing differential policy based on network slice information, performed by a policy control function (PCF) is provided. The method includes causing a subscription for status updates for a policy counter associated with a subscriber to be sent towards a charging function (CHF). The subscription includes network slice information identifying one or more network slices associated with the subscriber and requests status updates associated with the subscriber and any of the one or more network slices. The method further includes receiving, in response to causing the subscription for status updates for the policy counter associated with the subscriber to be sent towards the CHF, a status for the policy counter associated with the subscriber and at least one of the one or more network slices.
A method performed by a user equipment (UE) is provided. The method comprises receiving a first set of configurations related to an artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI/ML) based channel state information (CSI) report, receiving a second set of configurations related to a target-CSI report, and receiving an indication to send the target-CSI report and an indication to send the AI/ML-based CSI report. The method further comprises sending the AI/ML-based CSI report according to a third set of configurations. The method further comprises sending the target-CSI report. At least one of the AI/ML-based CSI report and the target-CSI report is generated according to a combination of at least two of the first set of configurations, the second set of configurations, and the third set of configurations
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
Embodiments described herein relate to methods and apparatuses for a random access procedure initiated by a Layer-1/Layer-2 Triggered Mobility cell switch. A method in a user equipment being served by a first cell of a first network node comprises: performing a random access, RA, procedure for a lower-layer triggered mobility, LTM, cell switch to a second cell; and determining first information associated with the RA procedure for the LTM cell switch to the second cell.
A communication device (12) is configured for use in a communication network (10). The communication device (12) transmits, to a network node (14) in the communication network (10), random access information (24) indicating that all of multiple successive attempts (16- 1…16-N) to transmit a random access preamble (18-1…18-N) on a beam (20) failed due to failure to clear unlicensed spectrum for transmission of the random access preamble (18-1…18- N) on the beam (20).
H04W 74/0833 - Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04W 76/18 - Management of setup rejection or failure
Methods, in or associated with a communications network, for recommending analytics data to a node or function in or operatively connected to the communications network. An example method comprises the steps of collecting (1410) network information comprising current and historical data for the state of the communications network and applying (1420) the network information and intent information defining or relating a goal for the communications network to a Machine Learning, ML, model, to identify an agent, node, or function relevant to the intent information and one or more corresponding analytics reports available from the communications network, for recommendation to the identified agent, node, or function. The example method further comprises sending (1430) the one or more corresponding analytics reports to the identified agent, node, or function.
H04L 41/142 - Network analysis or design using statistical or mathematical methods
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
H04L 41/5009 - Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
H04L 41/50 - Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
H04L 43/045 - Processing captured monitoring data, e.g. for logfile generation for graphical visualisation of monitoring data
H04L 41/147 - Network analysis or design for predicting network behaviour
62.
PERFORMING A TASK USING REINFORCEMENT LEARNING AND SYMBOLIC REGRESSION
There is provided a computer-implemented method (300) of performing a task, including training (S310) a reinforcement learning (RL) model to perform at least part of a task, wherein the RL model includes an artificial neural network (ANN)-based function approximator. After having trained the RL model, the trained RL model is used to train (S312) a symbolic regression (SR) model to represent the trained RL model, and the task is then performed (S314) using the trained SR model. In one embodiment, the trained SR model is deployed as part of a Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF).
A method for use in a holding system (100) comprising a first device (110) and a second device (120), wherein the first device (110) comprises a magnetic holding counterpart (111) and a touch sensor (112), and wherein the second device (120) comprises a magnetic holding arrangement (124) configured to establish a magnetic hold with the magnetic holding counterpart (111) in order to hold the first device (110) to the second device (120), and wherein the method comprises initiating the holding arrangement (124), receiving (310) a device access input and in response thereto initiate (320) a touch release interface, receiving (340) a touch input through the touch sensor (112) and in response thereto causing the magnetic holding arrangement (124) to release (350).
According to one aspect, a method performed by a node in a communications network to facilitate optimization of goals in the communications network is provided. The method includes obtaining a set of goals, wherein each goal corresponds to one or more actions to support an intent for a service in the communications network. The method includes obtaining conflict information, the conflict information comprising one or more conflict scores representing a degree of conflict between each pair of goals in the set of goals. The method includes grouping the set of goals into one or more groups based on the conflict feedback. The method includes outputting the one or more groups to one or more proposing agents, wherein each proposing agent proposes, based on the grouping, one or more actions to perform in the communications network to satisfy the intent.
H04L 41/5009 - Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
H04L 41/5041 - Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the time relationship between creation and deployment of a service
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
A method, system and apparatus are disclosed. A network node is provided. The network node is configured to receive, via a small data transmission, SDT, procedure, an indication from the wireless device that indicates the wireless device is requesting to receive clock quality information, and cause transmission of clock quality information to the wireless device based on the indication.
H04W 72/115 - Grant-free or autonomous transmission
H04W 74/0833 - Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
H04W 76/27 - Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states
66.
MULTI-LAYER DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM SPREAD ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING (DFT-S-OFDM) FOR SINGLE DOWNLINK CONTROL INFORMATION (DCI) SIMULTANEOUS TRANSMISSION FROM MULTIPLE PANELS (STXMP)
A method, network node and wireless device (WD) for multi-layer discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) for single downlink control information (DCI) simultaneous multipanel transmission (STxMP) are disclosed. According to one aspect, a method in a network node includes determining a first mapping of phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) ports to different spatial layers. The method also includes configuring the WD with multiple PTRS ports for multilayer data transmission with discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, DFT-s-OFDM. The method further includes separating PTRS ports for signals received from the WD on different layers according to the first mapping.
H04B 7/0404 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas the mobile station comprising multiple antennas, e.g. to provide uplink diversity
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04W 72/232 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal the control data signalling from the physical layer, e.g. DCI signalling
H04B 7/0408 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
67.
FLEXIBLE LAYER GROUPING FOR FRONTHAUL CONTROL PLANE MESSAGING
A method, system and apparatus are disclosed. A method in a network node is described. The network node includes a distributed unit (DU), where the DU is configured to communicate with a radio unit (RU) via a fronthaul interface (FI). The FI is in a signal path between the DU and the RU. The method includes selecting a plurality of identifiers to create one or more subgroups within an identifier group. The identifier group is represented by a group identifier, and each identifier represents a processing entity in the RU. The method also includes creating the one or more subgroups within the identifier group and determining one or more section extensions usable by one or more control plane (C-plane) messages sent with the group identifier to specify one subgroup of the one or more subgroups. The one subgroup is associated to a C-plane section.
There is provided a method in a User Equipment (UE). The method comprises: measuring a normalized channel correlation amplitude (NCA) with receiver diversity, which comprises multiple receiver branches; and reporting, to a network node, an indication of the measured NCA, wherein the reporting is based on the measured NCA, the measured NCA being not lower than a minimum and not higher than a maximum measured values across the multiple receiver branches. A UE for implementing this method is also provided.
H04B 7/0404 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas the mobile station comprising multiple antennas, e.g. to provide uplink diversity
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
H04B 17/24 - MonitoringTesting of receivers with feedback of measurements to the transmitter
Disclosed methods and apparatuses provide for management of L1/ L2 Triggered Mobility (LTM) configuration information between a user equipment (UE) and a telecommunications network, particularly in cases involving suspension of a connection between the UE and the telecommunications network. According to techniques disclosed herein, LTM configuration used by the network and the UE remains "aligned" with respect to suspension of a connected UE and subsequent resumption of the connection.
Embodiments include methods for a user equipment (UE) configured to provide channel state information (CSI) reports for a downlink (DE) channel from a radio access network (RAN) node. Such methods include receiving, from the RAN node, codebook subset restriction (CBSR) information that restricts reporting of vectors representative of the DE channel in a spatial- frequency domain. Such methods include determining a plurality of vectors and a corresponding plurality of scalar values representative of the DE channel in the spatial-frequency domain, and determining one or more of the following information based on the CBSR information: a subset of the vectors, a plurality of further vectors derived from the vectors, and measures of vector similarity between the vectors and the CBSR information. Such methods include sending to the RAN node a CSI report including at least part of the determined information. The included information is encoded using a machine learning (ML) model.
A method performed by a user equipment is provided The method comprises measuring at least one reference signal resource indicated by a reference signal configuration associated with a two-sided AI/ML model. The two-sided AI/ML model comprises a UE part operated by the UE and a network part operated by a network node. The method further comprises performing model inference based on the measuring of the at least one reference signal resource using the UE part of the two-sided AI/ML model. The method further comprises estimating at least one intermediate KPI of the two-sided AI/ML model. The method further comprises reporting the estimated at least one intermediate KPI to the network node.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
72.
FULL POWER MODE 1 NON-COHERENT CODEBOOK FOR 8 TX UE
LL ≤ 8) layers for transmission, identifying one or more antenna port sets to be used for transmission of each layer, and transmitting the L layers using, for each layer, the antenna port set(s) identified for that layer. For each identified antenna port set, all ports in the antenna port set are used for transmitting the L layers. A maximum number of antenna ports per layer over all L layers is at most one greater than a minimum number of antenna ports per layer over all L layers. If a layer is transmitted on more than one antenna port in a same antenna port set, the UE does so non-coherently.
H04B 7/0456 - Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices for antenna weighting
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/0404 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas the mobile station comprising multiple antennas, e.g. to provide uplink diversity
73.
EFFICIENT REAL-TIME MONITORING OF USER EQUIPMENT-SIDED MODELS USING VALIDITY OF MONITORING RESULTS
A method (1000) by a user equipment, UE (712), for monitoring of UE-sided models using validity of monitoring results includes transmitting (1002), to a network node (710), model performance feedback associated with a performance of a model during a first monitoring occasion. The UE receives (1004) configuration information associated with a validity of a model monitoring result associated with the first monitoring occasion. The configuration information is for performing at least one of activating the model, deactivating the model, and initiating a second monitoring occasion.
A network analytics node (300) receives (242) signaling events (184a, 184b) and transport reports (186) associated with one or more traffic flows from one or more core network (CN) functions (180, 182). Each traffic flow comprises a plurality of encrypted upstream and downstream data packets associated with a session. The network analytics node then corelates (246) the signaling events with the transport reports on a per-session basis and determines (250) a number of encrypted upstream and downstream data packets that were received within a predetermined time period after the session has been established. So determined, the network analytics node derives (252) one or more key performance indicators (KPIs) for the session based on the determined number of encrypted upstream and downstream data packets and detects (254) a service quality degradation in the communication network, based on those KPIs.
H04L 41/5009 - Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
H04L 43/08 - Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
H04L 41/5025 - Ensuring fulfilment of SLA by proactively reacting to service quality change, e.g. by reconfiguration after service quality degradation or upgrade
There is provided a method performed by a user equipment (UE). The method comprises: determining a priority of a first message which comprises an indication of channel quality, the determination of priority being dependent on whether a Mobile-Terminated Small Data Transmission (SDT) or Mobile Originated SDT is triggered; and sending the first message, to a network node, according to the determined priority. A UE for implementing this method is also provided.
A method performed by a repeater node for beam management is provided. The method comprises determining a reference slot associated with the repeater-MT. The reference slot is determined based on a reception time slot (n) and a slot offset (k), the reception time slot (n) and the slot offset (k) both configured in terms of a repeater-MT subcarrier spacing (SCS). The reception time slot (n) may indicate when the repeater node received, from a network node, downlink control information (DCI) carrying an aperiodic beam indication. The method further comprises determining an application time for the aperiodic beam indication in which the application time is determined based on a conversion of the reference slot associated with the repeater-MT to a corresponding slot associated with the repeater-FWD, the corresponding slot configured in terms of a repeater-FWD SCS. The aperiodic beam indication is applied at the repeater-FWD according to the application time.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
According to some embodiments, a method is performed by a by a non-real time radio intelligent controller (Non-RT RIC)/Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) network node for training a machine learning (ML) model. The method comprises receiving an E2 formatted report from an open radio access network (O-RAN) network function. The E2 formatted report is encapsulated in an O1 message. The method further comprises training a ML model using data in the E2 formatted report as input data.
H04W 24/02 - Arrangements for optimising operational condition
H04W 24/04 - Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
H04L 41/40 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities
78.
ADAPTIVE USE OF MEASUREMENT GAPS UNDER DYNAMIC NTN COVERAGE
In an embodiment, a method implemented in a User Equipment (UE) and a UE is provided for implementing measurements based on coverage availability information of a Non-Terrestrial Node (NTN). The method includes receiving information about a measurement gap pattern for performing a measurement on a cell, receiving coverage information related to cell coverage of the cell to be measured, the coverage information indicating that a period of time that cell coverage of the cell is impacted. The method also includes suspending a configured measurement gap in response to the configured measurement gap at least partially overlapping with a period of time that cell coverage of the cell is impacted.
There is provided a method (400) for configuring and handling charging triggers in a Network Function (NF), the method being performed by the NF and including: obtaining (S410) data indicative of a charging trigger, wherein the charging trigger defines a trigger condition for issuing a charging event to a Charging Function (CHF); obtaining (S412) data indicative of one or more additional conditions associated with the charging trigger, and issuing (S414) the charging event towards the CHF in response to confirming a fulfillment of both the trigger condition and at least one of the one or more additional conditions. A corresponding method performed in a CHF, as well as NF and CHF entities, computer programs and computer program products are also provided.
A mobile device obtains depth information from a depth sensor, and updates an exploration graph data structure to explore an exploration space. Operations determine relative pose information indicating pose of the mobile device relative to another mobile device, and send to the other mobile device a graph message including the relative pose information and the first exploration graph data structure. Operations receive from the other mobile device, a response graph message including a merged exploration graph data structure. Operations merge the merged exploration graph data structure with the first exploration graph data structure to generate a further merged exploration graph data structure. Operations determine a next exploration goal prioritizing individual nodes for exploration by the mobile device based on relative distance from nodes assigned to the other mobile device. Operations control movement of the mobile device based on the next exploration goal to explore the exploration space.
It is provided a method for compensating for lost data intended for object detection in image frames. The method is performed by a lost data compensator. The method comprises: detecting a missed image frame, by determining absence of an image frame of sufficient quality for object detection; predicting location data, per previously identified object in a previously received image frame, for a time corresponding to the missed image frame, wherein the predicting is based on a history database comprising previous location data for each object; and storing the predicted location data in the history database.
H04N 19/895 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving methods or arrangements for detection of transmission errors at the decoder in combination with error concealment
G06V 10/40 - Extraction of image or video features
82.
METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR EVENT REPORTING BY A TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK
According to an aspect, there is provided a method (1500) of operation by a network node The method comprises: sending (1502) a subscription request, requesting event notifications for a specified event in a telecommunications network and requesting immediate reporting of current event status; receiving (1504) a subscription response in reply to the subscription request, the subscription response omitting the current event status; and interpreting (1506) a first event notification received subsequent to the subscription response either as indicating a new event detection or indicating the current event status as requested in the subscription request, in dependence on whether the subscription response indicated unavailability of the current event status.
A method performed by network repository equipment (16) in a communication network (10). The network repository equipment (16) receives, from first model training equipment (12-1), a request (18) for an access token (20) indicating the first model training equipment (12-1) is authorized to retrieve a machine learning, ML, model from second model training equipment (12-2). The network repository equipment (16) makes a determination as to whether the first model training equipment (12-1) is authorized to retrieve the ML model from the second model training equipment (12-2), based on a first interoperability indicator list (24-1 ) for the first model training equipment (12-1) which identifies one or more equipment vendors (26-1, 26-2) nominally authorized to retrieve ML models from the first model training equipment (12-1). The network repository equipment (16) responds to the request (18) based on the determination.
This disclosure provides a method for Small Data Transmission, SDT, in a communications network. The method comprises transmitting from a radio access network node (NG-RAN) to a access and mobility management node (AMF) an indication (step 2) that at least one of a PDU session and/or a QoS flow are subject to SDT, wherein the PDU session is identified by a PDU session ID, and/or wherein the QoS flow is identified by a QoS Flow Identifier, QFI; transmitting (step. 3) from the access and mobility management node to a session management node (SMF) a request including an indication of the PDU sessions and/or QoS flows subject to SDT, particularly wherein the indication is based on the received information for SDT from the radio access network node or local policy, and particularly wherein the request is a Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request; inserting, selecting or reselecting (I-UPF reselection) at the session management node a user plane node that supports SDT, particularly if the current user plane node does not support SDT; and transmitting (steps 5 and 6) from the session management node to the radio access network node via the access and mobility management node, N3 tunnel information parameters associated with the selected user plane node.
A communication device (100) being or associated with an Uncrewed Autonomous Vehicle, UAV, (110). The communication device is configured to detect at least one object (140) from at least one image or video and calculate at least one lateral distance from the UAV to the detected object. It further is configured to compare the lateral distance with a determined value times a current altitude of the UAV and issue a message to a receiving unit (150) if the lateral distance is less or equal to the determined value times the altitude of the UAV. A method, a computer program (710), a computer program product (770) and a computer-readable storage medium (730) are also disclosed.
The present disclosure provides a method for performing International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) based Lawful Interception (LI) monitoring for multi-device service performed by a Point of Interception (POI) function device (202) associated with a Serving Call Session Control Function (S-CSCF) (104) of an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) core network (510). The method can include examining (302) a header of a message (116) received by the S-CSCF to determine whether the first header comprises an IMEI that matches a target IMEI, and if so initiate (304) monitoring of the first session. The method can also include examining (306) a request field of a second message (120) sent by the S-CSCF (104) to the first UE (108-1) to determine whether the request field of the second message (120) comprises an identifier that corresponds to the target IMEI, and if so, initiate (308) monitoring of the first session.
Embodiments include methods for a user equipment (UE) configured to perform layer-1 or layer- 2 triggered inter-cell mobility (LTM) in a radio access network (RAN). Such methods include receiving from the RAN a reconfiguration message that includes one or more LTM configurations, and initiating a re-establishment procedure towards a second cell in response to and detecting a failure event while connected to the RAN via a first cell. Such methods also include, in response to determining that the UE is not configured to perform LTM fast recovery, discarding one or more of the following information after initiating the re-establishment procedure: at least one of the LTM configurations, or portions thereof; and information derived from the one or more LTM configurations. Such methods also include, after discarding the information, sending a re-establishment request to the RAN via the second cell. Other embodiments include complementary methods for a RAN node.
A method, system and apparatus are disclosed. According to some embodiments, a method implemented by a UE is provided. The method includes receiving an indication of a first set of beams associated with a plurality of Synchronization Signal Blocks, SSBs, receiving an indication of a second set of beams associated with a plurality of random access channel, RACH, occasions where the first set of beams corresponds to a number of beams that is less than a number of beams of the second set of beams. The method further includes performing at least one measurement of at least one beam of the first set of beams, and transmitting physical random access channel, PRACH, signaling on a beam of the second set of beams based on the at least one measurement.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
In response to detecting a failure (13), a communication device (12) performs cell selection as part of a connection re-establishment procedure in order to select a cell. The communication device (12) may make a decision as to whether to apply any of multiple conditional reconfigurations (16S) stored at the communication device (12) for the selected cell (18S) to recover from the failure (13). Alternatively or additionally, the communication device (12) may select, from the multiple conditional reconfigurations (16S) stored at the communication device (12) for the selected cell (18S), a conditional reconfiguration to apply to recover from the failure (13).
Methods and apparatuses disclosed herein provide for improved positioning by a User Equipment (UE) or other Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver, in which a network node obtains and indicates a residual quality associated with each of one or more grid points in a spatial grid, along with providing atmospheric delay corrections for the respective grid points and indicating an overall quality common to the spatial grid Correspondingly, for a grid point associated with a residual quality, the UE or other GNSS receiver determines the quality of atmospheric delay correction based on the quality common to the spatial grid and further based on the associated residual quality. These residual qualities, therefore, provide a mechanism for differentiated atmospheric delay correction quality with respect to different grid points.
G01S 19/07 - Cooperating elementsInteraction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing data for correcting measured positioning data, e.g. DGPS [differential GPS] or ionosphere corrections
91.
TRAFFIC BLACKHOLE AVOIDANCE DURING ETHERNET VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (EVPN) MAC MOBILITY
A method performed by a first provider edge (PE) in an ethernet virtual private network (EVPN) is disclosed to handle media access control (MAC) mobility. The method includes receiving a first route advertisement message from a second PE, wherein the first route advertisement message includes a MAC address associated with a host, a first ethernet segment identifier (ESI), and a sequence number, receiving a second route advertisement message from a third PE, wherein the second route advertisement message includes the MAC address, a second ESI, and the same sequence number included in the first route advertisement message, and responsive to a determination that the route advertisement messages include the same MAC address and the same sequence number but include different ESIs, invalidating routes associated with the MAC address having the same sequence number and removing an entry for the MAC address from a MAC table.
Predictive mixed-scale encoding of a media stream is described. A composite gaze path is determined based on multiple gaze paths. Each of the gaze paths includes gaze direction(s) obtained when a user views the media stream with a user device. A foveation weight map associated with a scene of the media stream is generated. The generation includes: determining, based on the plurality of gaze paths, a gaze heatmap that includes for each direction within the scene a score based on a number of users that had that direction as a gaze direction when viewing the scene; determining, based on the gaze heatmap, a region of interest that includes region(s) of high gaze concentration; and determining, based on the region of interest, the foveation weight map that includes foveation weights within a foveation area surrounding the region of interest and centered at a composite gaze direction from the composite gaze path.
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G06V 10/25 - Determination of region of interest [ROI] or a volume of interest [VOI]
H04N 21/2343 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
93.
TECHNIQUES FOR EVENT EXPOSURE SUBSCRIPTIONS IN DUAL-CORE NETWORKS
Embodiments include methods for an exposure function configured to operate in a communication network that includes a first core network and a second core network. Such methods include sending, to a first data management function of the first core network, a first event exposure (EE) subscription request for notifications from the first core network related to a user equipment (UE). The first EE subscription request includes an indication for a corresponding EE subscription for notifications from the second core network related to the UE. Such methods include receiving, from the first data management function, a first EE subscription response including the following: a first indication of whether an EE subscription for notifications related to the UE was successfully created in the first core network, and a second indication of whether a subscription for the UE exists in the second core network. Such methods include, based on the second indication, selectively sending to the second data management function a second EE subscription request for notifications from the second core network related to the UE. Other embodiments include complementary methods for the first data management function.
A method for control plane based steering of roaming in a communications network, the method comprising: receiving at an Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF, from a User Equipment, UE, comprising a Mobile Equipment, ME, when registering in a non-subscribed standalone non-public network, SNPN, a first indication that the ME supports or does not support Steering of Roaming SNPN Selection Information, SOR-SNPN-SI; transmitting from the AMF to a Unified Data Management, UDM, a second indication that the ME supports or does not support SOR-SNPN-SI; and storing or deleting at the UDM an indicator of ME support of SOR-SNPN-SI based on the second indication. In some embodiments the UDM stores an "ME support of SOR-SNPN-SI" indicator if the ME of the UE supports SOR-SNPN-SI. In some embodiments the UDM deletes a stored "ME support of SOR-SNPN-SI" indicator if the ME of the UE does not support SOR-SNPN-SI.
A method implemented in a first network node included in a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) network is described. The first network node is configured to communicate with a first device behind a user equipment (UE). The method includes receiving from the UE via a second network node a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) registration request message to register the first device behind the UE. The UE uses a wireline connection to communicate with the second network node. The registration request message includes an indication indicating that the registration is for the first device. The method also includes obtaining subscription data indicating whether the first device is allowed connectivity to the 3GPP network and determining whether to accept or reject the NAS registration request message of the first device behind the UE based on the obtained subscription data.
In one embodiment, the disclosed subject matter includes a method performed at a user equipment comprising receiving a mobility command from a network node serving a radio resource; triggering a mobility operation that corresponds to the mobility command and is based on a network energy savings (NES) decision made at the network node; determining the NES decision made by the network node serving the radio resource; performing an NES based mobility operation if the NES decision is determined by the user equipment; and generating a mobility report indicating that the mobility operation is triggered due to an NES decision if the mobility operation succeeds or fails.
According to some embodiments, a method is performed by a location server network node for angle-of-arrival (AoA) Bluetooth positioning. The method comprises transmitting a request to a wireless device for transmitting a Bluetooth signal according to a Bluetooth assistance configuration and obtaining an AoA positioning report from a Bluetooth anchor node. The AoA positioning report is based on one or more Bluetooth signals transmitted from the wireless device to the Bluetooth anchor node according to the Bluetooth assistance configuration. The method further comprises estimating a position of the wireless device based on the positioning report.
H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
According to some embodiments, a method is performed by a first network node for operation where the new radio (NR) user plane supports non-homogenous deployment of user plane additions. The method comprises constructing a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunnelling Protocol User Plane (GTP-U) packet comprising an Extension Header comprising a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) Set Container. The PDU Set Container comprises an indication that a second network node may ignore the PDU Set Container when the second network node does not support PDU Set functionality. The method further comprises transmitting the GTP-U packet to the second network node.
A method for paging performed by a network node in a communications network, wherein paging comprises the network node broadcasting a transmission associated with a device identifier of a first wireless device of the communications network. The device identifier of the first wireless device and a set of mappings from the device identifier of the first wireless device to a set of indices are known to the network node and the first wireless device. The method comprises creating a Bloom filter of length by adding the device identifier of the first wireless device to the Bloom filter by applying each mapping in the set of mappings to the device identifier of the first wireless device and changing the entries of the Bloom filter corresponding to the indices in the output of the mappings to 1 and broadcasting the Bloom filter.
There is provided a method for facilitating delivery of a first message to a computing device over a communication network. The method is performed by a proxy node. A first message is received (110) from a server node over a first application layer protocol. An intended recipient of the first message is the computing device. The first message is mapped (120) to a second application layer protocol, different to the first application layer protocol. The mapped first message is encoded (130) into Short Messaging Service (SMS) Protocol Data Units (PDUs). The encoded first message is forwarded (140) to a communication network SMS Centre (SMS-C). A delivery report, for the encoded first message, is received (150) from the SMS-C, and sent (160) to the server node over the first application layer protocol. The delivery confirmation specifies that the first message has been transmitted to the computing device.
