Abstract

Rotary dryer for drying bulk solids. Each of the lifters (3) of the dryer comprises an angular member having a planar base (5) and a planar scooping lip (6) at an angle θ1 of 100 to 150° with respect to the planar base. The lifter also comprises a pair of end closing members (7, 7), one at each end of the angular member at an angle θ2 of 60 - 120° with respect to the respective end. Each of the lifters is mounted to the inner periphery of the drum of the dryer at the free edge (8) of the planar base at an angle θ3 of 50 - 90° with the inner periphery of the drum. The free edges (9) of the end closing members coincident with the inner periphery of the drum. The scooping lip of the lifter projects radially inwardly with respect to the drum (Fig 4).

IPC Classes  ?

• F27B 7/16 - Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a process for obtaining carbon black powder with a sulfur content of less than 0.07%. The process includes step of reacting carbon black powder with a sulfur content of 1-2% with an alkali metal or salt thereof, in a fluid media, at a temperature in the range of 100° C. to 350° C. and pressure in the range of 10 to 500 psig. It is found that in accordance with the process of the present disclosure, the sulfur content was reduced substantially from that of about 1.25% to that of 0.05%, resulting in about 96% desulfurization.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09C 1/56 - Treatment of carbon black
• C09C 1/48 - Carbon black

Abstract

A black colored fiber is provided. The black colored fiber has a lightness value 'L' in a range of from about 13.0 to about 9.0 and a color strength 'K/S' in a range of from about 22 to about 50. A black colorant formulation and a black colorant pigment are also provided. Processes are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• D06P 1/34 - General processes of dyeing or printing textiles or general processes of dyeing leather, furs or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments or auxiliary substances employed using natural dyestuffs
• D01F 1/02 - Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
• D01F 1/04 - Pigments
• D01F 1/06 - Dyes
• D01F 2/16 - Addition of dyes to the spinning solution
• C08K 3/04 - Carbon
• C09D 17/00 - Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for treatment of solid waste generated in copper manufacturing process comprising treating the solid waste with a mineral acid. It further relates to the recovery of transition and post transition metals and arsenic from the solid waste.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 7/00 - Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof
• C22B 15/00 - Obtaining copper

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for treating an effluent generated in a copper manufacturing/refining plant comprising the steps of controlled addition of water soluble sulfide or hydrogen sulfide to the effluent to selectively precipitate out copper sulfide (CuS); followed by controlled addition of water soluble sulfide or hydrogen sulfide to the effluent to selectively precipitate out arsenic sulfide (As2S3); and controlled addition of lime slurry to the effluent to precipitate out gypsum. The process also relates to recovery purified water from the effluent generated during copper manufacturing process, wherein the purified water is recycled back for the copper manufacturing process.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 1/52 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
• C02F 101/10 - Inorganic compounds
• C02F 101/20 - Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

Abstract

A computer implemented system and a method for facilitating aluminium smelting analysis arid optimization have been disclosed. The system analyses the various parameters of operating smelting cells in real-time and arrives at control actions to be taken to increase the performance of the cells. In addition, the system enables engineers/personnel to establish in advance various operating conditions for newly designed cells to do a test run before initiating the process in real-time. Also, the system ^provides a platform for operative training to engineers/personnel and also facilitates them in understanding the technical details of the aluminium smelting process and the impact of changes done to various parameters on the performance of the smelting cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 17/50 - Computer-aided design
• C25C 3/06 - Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method for isolation and purification of sodium sulfide (Na2S) formed during desulfurization of petroleum residue. The process involves treating a sludge containing Na2S obtained during desulfurization of petroleum residue with a mixture of at least one organic solvent and water.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 11/02 - Solvent extraction of solids
• B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless

Abstract

A process for desulphurization of petroleum oil, comprising the step of diluting the feed oil with a suitable organic solvent prior to the desulphurization reaction, is disclosed. The organic solvent is selected from alkanes, alkenes, cyclic alkenes and alkynes, and particularly selected from n-hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, pentene, hexene, heptene, octene, toluene and xylene. The solvent concentration in the mixture of feed oil and solvent is in the range of 0.1 - 70 %.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 19/073 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with solid alkaline material
• C10G 21/14 - Hydrocarbons

Abstract

A dispersion means for agitating particulate mass in a rotating drum (18) comprises a plurality of perforated flights (10) radically extending from the inner surface of the rotating drum which rotates about an operatively longitudinal axis. The perforated flights (10) are provided with at least one perforation (14a, 14b). The perforated flights (10) have the advantage of increasing the throughput of the rotating drum unit, reducing the time required for heating and mass transfer by increasing the contact surface of the perforated flights with the particulate mass to be dispersed by the dispersion means.

IPC Classes  ?

• F26B 11/04 - Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
• F26B 25/04 - Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
• B01F 3/18 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed solid with solids
• E01C 19/05 - Crushing, pulverising, or disintegrating apparatusAggregate screening, cleaning, or heating apparatus

Abstract

The present invention provides a process for reinforced aluminum matrix composite. The aluminum matrix composite is reinforced with compound selected from the group consisting of Titanium carbide, Titanium boride, Vanadium and Zirconium compounds. The process is carried out pneumatically using pressurized carrier gas. The pressurized carrier gas also provides efficient stirring during the process which leads to uniform dispersion of the particulate in the aluminum matrix.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22C 1/10 - Alloys containing non-metals
• C22C 32/00 - Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ

Abstract

A system and method for determining slag coating thickness and depth of refractory erosion of high temperature metallurgical furnace has been disclosed. The system senses and records certain furnace and slag related parameters such as slag chemistry, bath temperature, shell temperature, heat loss, refractory properties, jacket inlet water temperature, jacket outlet water temperature and water mass flow rate in the jacket and processes them in order to define a temperature profile and determine slag solidus of the slag. The temperature profile and the slag solidus are further used to determine the slag coating thickness and the depth of refractory erosion.

IPC Classes  ?

• C21B 7/24 - Test rods or other checking devices

Abstract

A system and method for monitoring and optimizing smelting operations of a furnace have been disclosed. The system includes a processing means that process samples of the material to be smelted in the furnace and determines its mineralogical characteristics. The system further includes an operation parameter determination means which cooperates with the processing means to receive the mineralogical characteristics. The operation parameter determination means determines operating parameters corresponding to the operations of the said furnace, based on mineralogical characteristics. The system also includes a smelt parameters determination means which cooperates with processing means and operation parameters determination means to receive mineralogical characteristics and operation parameters respectively. The smelt parameters determination means determines smelt parameters based on mineralogical characteristics and operation parameters. The smelt parameters are subsequently fed to the furnace in order to optimize smelting operations of the furnace.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 5/00 - General processes of reducing to metals

Abstract

A manufacturing process for acrylic fibres with noncircular cross-section is disclosed. The acrylic fibres are prepared by extruding the solution containing acrylic polymer and sodium thiocyanate through circular orifices and coagulating the extruded fibres in a coagulation bath containing a coagulating agent.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 6/00 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof

Abstract

Vanadate sludge obtained as a by-product during Bayer's process contains fairly higher quantity of precious metal vanadium as vanadium oxide ( 5- 20% ) along with other impurities like sodium, aluminium and phosphorus salt. The present invention relates to a process for recovering vanadium oxide from vanadate sludge obtained from Bayer's process. The effluent generated during the process is recycled and the impurities such as sodium, aluminium and calcium are recovered as valuable by-product.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 31/02 - Oxides

Abstract

The invention relates to a process of manufacturing 3-bromo-4- fluorobenzaldehyde using zinc bromide as a catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 45/63 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of C=O groups by introduction of halogenPreparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of C=O groups by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
• C01G 9/04 - Halides
• C07C 47/55 - Compounds having —CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings containing halogen

Abstract

The present invention relates to processes for preparing novel nano-copper catalyst system. The present invention also relates to manufacturing of 4-fluoro-3- phenoxy-benzaldehyde acetal employing novel nano-copper catalyst system.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 41/48 - Preparation of compounds having groups
• B01J 23/72 - Copper

Abstract

A process for synthesis of 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoro acetophenone (DCFA) is disclosed. The process comprises first reacting 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene with potassium fluoride having bulk density in the range of 0.2 to 1.3, to form a fluorinated intermediate product, then reacting the intermediate product with chlorine to form dichlorofluorobenzene and finally acylating dichlorofluorobenzene using an acylating agent to form a mixture containing DCFA along with impurities, followed by purification and enrichment of DCFA in the mixture by melt crystallization.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 17/20 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
• C07C 45/46 - Friedel-Crafts reactions
• C07C 17/093 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for charging a polymeric product with attribute imparting agent(s) to the polymeric product prepared by the process and to a composition for preparing the polymeric product capable of retaining the acquired attributes for a long period of time.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 2/06 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from viscose
• D01F 6/16 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or unsaturated organic esters, e.g. polyacrylic esters, polyvinyl acetate

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacture of a high-strength aluminium alloy, the method comprising heating billets of cast alloy containing aluminium and alloying elements at a temperature in the range of 450 °C to 550 °C to homogenize the alloy, deforming the billets in the homogenized state to form a hot worked alloy, first allowing the hot worked alloy to cool to room temperature and then heating the hot worked alloy from room temperature to a temperature at which the alloy forms a solid solution, quenching the solid solution in water, deforming the quenched alloy at room temperature to form a cold worked alloy and aging the cold worked alloy at a temperature in the range of 50 to 150 °C. The invention also relates to high strength aluminium alloy manufactured by the process and to the articles and products shape formed from the alloy.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22F 1/04 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
• C22C 21/00 - Alloys based on aluminium

Abstract

A method for synthesis of chlorinated paraffin, the method comprising reacting a C8-24 paraffinic hydrocarbon with chlorine gas in the presence of 100 to 1500 ppm of an stabilizer at a temperature in the range of 25 C to 200 C and at a pressure in the range of 1 to 3 atmospheres.

IPC Classes  ?

• C11C 1/00 - Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxesRefining the fatty acids
• C07C 17/093 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens

Abstract

In the present application is provided a process for manufacturing high potassium fluoride wherein a by product of the fertilizer industry predominantly containing hydrofluorosilicic acid is used as the staring material. Solid potassium fluoride as obtained by the process of the present application has purity ranging from 99% to 99.99%.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01D 3/02 - Fluorides

Abstract

There is provided a process for manufacturing aluminium fluoride having larger particle size wherein a by product of the fertilizer industry predominantly containing hydrofluorosilicic acid is used as the staring material along with aluminium hydroxide. Solid aluminium fluoride as obtained by the process of the present invention has particle size in the range of 80 microns to 90 microns and moisture content less than 1%.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01F 7/50 - Fluorides

Abstract

A process for extraction of alumina from aluminum containing ores is disclosed. The process comprises the following steps, determining the alumina and silica content in the ore; treating the ore with caustic and heat, leaching the intermediate mass so produced with water to obtain a filtrate containing aluminate and silicate, vanadate and other soluble impurities; separating silicate and vanadate and other impurities as residue from the filtrate to obtain beneficiated aluminate liquor; and extracting alumina from the beneficiated aluminate liquor by a conventional method.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 3/12 - Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic alkaline solutions
• C01F 7/06 - Preparation of alkali metal aluminatesAluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom by treating aluminous minerals or waste-like raw materials with alkali hydroxide, e.g. leaching of bauxite according to the Bayer process
• C01F 7/08 - Preparation of alkali metal aluminatesAluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom by treating aluminous minerals with sodium carbonate, e.g. sinter processes
• C22B 21/00 - Obtaining aluminium
• C22B 1/14 - AgglomeratingBriquettingBindingGranulating

Abstract

A process for extraction of alumina from aluminum containing ores is disclosed. The process involves the following steps: determining the alumina and silica content in the ore; treating the ore with caustic, subjecting the reaction mass to electromagnetic radiation, leaching soluble intermediate product with water to separate insoluble red mud as residue and to obtain a filtrate containing aluminate, silicate and vanadate; separating silicate and other impurities as residue from the filtrate to obtain beneficiated aluminate liquor and extracting alumina from sodium aluminate by a conventional method.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 3/12 - Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic alkaline solutions
• C22B 9/22 - Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
• C01F 7/06 - Preparation of alkali metal aluminatesAluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom by treating aluminous minerals or waste-like raw materials with alkali hydroxide, e.g. leaching of bauxite according to the Bayer process
• C01F 7/08 - Preparation of alkali metal aluminatesAluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom by treating aluminous minerals with sodium carbonate, e.g. sinter processes
• C22B 21/00 - Obtaining aluminium
• C22B 1/14 - AgglomeratingBriquettingBindingGranulating
• B01J 19/12 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves

Abstract

A lyocell fiber having property modifying constituents such as thermoregulatory activity, antimicrobial activity, and perfumed and a method of making thereof is disclosed. Micro- reservoirs are formed in the fibers having thermoregulatory activity, antimicrobial constituents, and perfumed constituents.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 1/10 - Other agents for modifying properties
• D01F 2/24 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
• C08K 5/00 - Use of organic ingredients

Abstract

A process for preparing epichlorohydrin comprising the following steps: reacting allyl chloride with an inorganic peroxide compound in the presence of at least one solvent at a temperature of about 35 to 75 degree C in a fixed bed column reactor containing a catalyst to obtain a resultant containing a mixture of epichlorohydrin, unreacted allyl chloride, solvent and water; diluting the mixture with water, wherein the mass ratio of water to the mixture is about 0.2 to 0.7, to obtain a diluted mixture; cooling the diluted mixture to about 5-15 degree C to obtain a cooled diluted mixture; separating organic phase and aqueous phase from the cooled diluted mixture; separating and recovering unreacted allyl chloride and epiochlorohydrin individually from the organic phase by fractional distillation; and separating and recovering solvent and water individually from the aqueous phase by fractional distillation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 301/12 - Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with hydrogen peroxide or inorganic peroxides or peracids

Abstract

A viscose fiber having property modifying constituents such as thermoregulatory activity, antimicrobial activity, and perfumed and a method of making thereof is disclosed. Micro-reservoirs are formed in the fibers having thermoregulatory activity, antimicrobial constituents, and perfumed constituents.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 1/10 - Other agents for modifying properties
• D01F 2/24 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
• C08K 5/00 - Use of organic ingredients

Abstract

A acrylic fiber having property modifying constituents such as thermoregulatory activity, antimicrobial activity, and perfumed and a method of making thereof is disclosed. Micro-reservoirs are formed in the fibers having thermoregulatory activity, antimicrobial constituents, and perfumed constituents.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08K 5/01 - Hydrocarbons
• C08K 5/05 - AlcoholsMetal alcoholates
• D01F 1/10 - Other agents for modifying properties
• D01F 6/16 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or unsaturated organic esters, e.g. polyacrylic esters, polyvinyl acetate
• C08K 5/00 - Use of organic ingredients

Abstract

A process for preparing epichlorohydrin comprising the steps: (a) reacting allyl chloride with an inorganic peroxide compound in the presence of at least one solvent at a temperature of about 40 to 50 degree C in atleast one reactor containing a catalyst bed to obtain a resultant mixture of epichlorohydrin, unreacted allyl chloride, solvent and water; (b) extracting, in at least one extractor by water from the resultant mixture to form an organic phase stream and an aqueous phase stream; (c) separating and recovering solvent and water individually from the aqueous phase via at least one distillation column; (d) separating and recovering of unreacted allyl chloride and epichlorohydrin individually from the organic phase via at least one distillation column; (e) recycling the recovered water; (f) recycling the recovered allyl chloride; (g) recycling the recovered solvent; and (h) collecting and purifying the recovered epichlorohydrin by distillation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 301/12 - Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with hydrogen peroxide or inorganic peroxides or peracids
• C07D 301/00 - Preparation of oxiranes

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method for isolation and purification of sodium sulfide (Na2S) formed during desulfurization of petroleum residue. The process involves treating a sludge containing Na2S obtained during desulfurization of petroleum residue with a mixture of at least one organic solvent and water.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 11/02 - Solvent extraction of solids

Abstract

A process for desulphurization of petroleum oil, comprising the step of diluting the feed oil with a suitable organic solvent prior to the desulphurization reaction, is disclosed. The organic solvent is selected from alkanes, alkenes, cyclic alkenes and alkynes, and particularly selected from n-hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, pentene, hexene, heptene, octene, toluene and xylene. The solvent concentration in the mixture of feed oil and solvent is in the range of 0.1 - 70 %.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 29/04 - Metals, or metals deposited on a carrier