Abstract

Provided are an electrochemical cell and an electrochemical device which are easy to manufacture and capable of retrofitting. This electrochemical cell comprises: a first plate, a second plate, and a seal part provided between the first plate and the second plate, wherein an anode chamber and a cathode chamber are respectively formed on the inner sides facing each other of the first plate and the second plate. The seal part has: a plurality of frame bodies arranged at intervals from the inner side to the outer side; and a plurality of seal materials arranged between the frame bodies and arranged in a compressed state between the first plate and the second plate. This electrochemical device comprises the above-described electrochemical cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
• C25B 9/73 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type

Abstract

Provided is an oxygen-generating electrode that efficiently consumes the iridium used as an active element and can thereby be used for electrolysis over a long period of time. An oxygen-generating electrode (10) comprises a base material (2) formed from titanium or a titanium alloy, a first intermediate layer (4) that is provided on the base material (2) and is formed from a first mixed metal oxide that includes titanium and tantalum, a catalyst layer (6) that is provided above the first intermediate layer (4) and is formed from a second mixed metal oxide that includes iridium and tantalum, and a second intermediate layer (5) that is provided between the first intermediate layer (4) and the catalyst layer (6), is formed from an oxide of tantalum, and has a tantalum content of 1.2–2.5 g/m2.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/067 - Inorganic compound e.g. ITO, silica or titania
• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 11/063 - Valve metal, e.g. titanium
• C25B 11/069 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of at least one single element and at least one compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of two or more compounds
• C25B 11/081 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the element being a noble metal
• C25C 7/02 - ElectrodesConnections thereof

Abstract

Provided is an electrolysis system in which the current efficiency of an electrolytic hydrogenation reaction is improved by reducing the resistance of an electrolyte membrane by supplying moisture to the electrolyte membrane while suppressing the amount of moisture transfer to the cathode. Provided is an electrolysis system comprising an electrolyte membrane having proton conductivity, a cathode including a catalyst for electrochemical reaction involving protons, an anode including a catalyst for oxidizing water to generate protons, and a structure that supplies water vapor to the anode, an anode catalyst layer having a proton-conductive ionomer, and the ratio of the (002) diffraction peak intensity of carbon to the (110) diffraction intensity of the Ir oxide of the anode catalyst layer and the ohmic resistance of the electrolysis system being within a predetermined range.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 3/11 - Halogen containing compounds
• C25B 1/042 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 15/023 - Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production

Abstract

There is provided an aqueous solution electrolysis method that makes it possible to reduce the amount of bubbles covering an electrode and generate gases such as hydrogen and oxygen with excellent energy efficiency. The method is an electrolysis method for electrolyzing an aqueous-solution-based electrolyte to generate at least any one of hydrogen, oxygen, and chlorine, wherein the electrolyte contains a water-soluble alcohol. For example, as the electrolyte, an alkali aqueous solution containing about 0.1 to about 10% by volume of a water-soluble alcohol including a tertiary alcohol, such as 2-methylpropan-2-ol and 2-methylbutan-2-ol, and about 1 to 10 mol/L of an alkali component may be subjected to water electrolysis, and the electrolyte is electrolyzed using, for example, an electrolytic cell having an anode chamber and a cathode chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/02 - Hydrogen or oxygen
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to provide an electrode having high durability and lower manufacturing costs and a method for manufacturing the same. An electrode comprising a coating that contains a mixed metal oxide on a valve metal substrate with an intermediate layer therebetween that contains an alloy that contains a titanium component and a tantalum component, wherein the molar ratio of metal elements in the mixed metal oxide is 35 to 48% for the total of an iridium element and a ruthenium element, 45 to 60% of a tin element, and 3 to 9% of a tantalum element, and the molar ratio of the iridium element to the total of the iridium element and the ruthenium element in the mixed metal oxide is 32 to 60% inclusive.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/063 - Valve metal, e.g. titanium
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 11/093 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide

Abstract

To provide a production method and a production apparatus of a sodium hypochlorite solution that can produce a sodium hypochlorite solution with a high available chlorine concentration at a low cost using an on-site facility. In production of a sodium hypochlorite solution by feeding secondary salt water as an aqueous sodium chloride solution, in an electrolyzer 10 comparted into an anode chamber 2 and a cathode chamber 3 by an ion-exchange membrane 1, to the anode chamber and, after electrolysis, introducing an anolyte and a generated chlorine gas in the anode chamber and an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution generated in the cathode chamber into a reaction tank 20 to allow the anolyte, the chlorine gas, and the generated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution as a catholyte to react in the reaction tank, a primary salt water generation step of dissolving raw salt G containing sodium chloride as a main component in purified water B to generate primary salt water, and a chelating step of chelating the primary salt water to generate secondary salt water A are included, in which a decomposition rate of salt ranges from 80 to 95%.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof
• C01B 11/06 - Hypochlorites, e.g. chlorinated lime
• C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 9/70 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells
• C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

The present invention provides a simple method for producing an electrode having improved oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity without a need for catalyst coating and an electrode produced by this production method. The method is a method for producing an electrode including a step of subjecting an electrically conductive substrate comprising a nickel alloy comprising 30 to 70% by mass of Ni and 30 to 70% by mass of Fe, provided that Ni+Fi=100% by mass, to a thermal treatment, and a step of etching the thermally treated electrically conductive substrate with an etchant comprising at least any acid of an organic acid and a weak inorganic acid. The electrode is an electrode that is produced by this production method and that is useful as an oxygen evolution anode or the like.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy
• C21D 6/00 - Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
• C22F 1/10 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
• C23F 1/16 - Acidic compositions
• C23F 17/00 - Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class and at least one process covered by subclass or or class
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water

Abstract

To provide a method and an apparatus for producing a sodium hypochlorite solution on-site at a high efficiency and at the initial cost and suppressing operating cost without any problems about impurities derived from raw material water and raw salt. A method of producing a sodium hypochlorite solution on-site in the vicinity of a physical plant where a sodium hypochlorite solution is used. In production of a sodium hypochlorite solution by feeding secondary salt water, in an electrolyzer comparted into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber with an ion-exchange membrane, to the anode chamber and allowing components in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber after electrolysis to react in a reaction tank, there are included respective steps of treating raw material water A with a cation-exchange resin B to generate purified water 5, dissolving raw salt D in the purified water to generate primary salt water E, performing an examination for confirming the presence or absence of a precipitate or suspended solid in the primary salt water, and directly performing chelating in the case of no precipitate or suspended solid contained in the primary salt water, or performing chelating after addition of an acid component for dissolution of the precipitate or suspended solid in the case of the precipitate or suspended solid contained therein, to generate secondary salt water 4.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C01B 11/06 - Hypochlorites, e.g. chlorinated lime
• C02F 1/42 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
• C02F 1/68 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
• C25B 1/46 - Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
• C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms

Abstract

Provided is a positive electrode for chlorine generation electrolysis having a low overvoltage of chlorine generation and having an excellent chlorine generation efficiency, even when iridium (Ir) is not used. This positive electrode for chlorine generation electrolysis 10 comprises: a substrate 2 formed from titanium or a titanium alloy; and catalyst layer 5 having a first layer 5a disposed on the substrate 2 and a second layer 5b disposed on the first layer 5a. The first layer 5a contains respective oxides of ruthenium (Ru), tin (Sn), and zirconium (Zr), and the second layer 5b contains respective oxides of ruthenium (Ru) and titanium (Ti).

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/053 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate characterised by multilayer electrocatalytic coatings
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof
• C25B 11/063 - Valve metal, e.g. titanium
• C25B 11/081 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the element being a noble metal
• C25B 11/093 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide

Abstract

xyz44 (0.05≤x≤1.0, 1.0≤y≤2.0, 1.0≤z≤2.0, x+y+z=2-3).

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy
• C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water

Abstract

An organic hydride production device comprises an electrolyzer and a water removal device. The electrolyzer has a cathode chamber. The water removal device has a container that stores a catholyte fed from the cathode chamber, a drain pipe that discharges dragged water from the container, a detector that detects that the dragged water has been accumulated in the container, and a switcher that is provided in the drain pipe, is capable of switching between a regulation state in which drainage from the drain pipe is regulated and an execution state in which the drainage is executed, and switches from the regulation state to the execution state based on a detection result of the detector.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 3/03 - Acyclic or carbocyclic hydrocarbons
• C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 15/023 - Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production

Abstract

[Problem] To provide an electrode manufacturing method and an electrode manufacturing device with high productivity, and an electrode obtained therewith. [Problem] To provide an electrode manufacturing method and an electrode manufacturing device with high productivity, and an electrode obtained therewith. [Solution] Provided is an electrode manufacturing method, comprising performing pyrolysis while simultaneously directly spraying a coating liquid onto a heated substrate to form a catalytic layer or intermediate layer on the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 5/025 - Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
• C25B 11/063 - Valve metal, e.g. titanium
• C25B 11/097 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds comprising two or more noble metals or noble metal alloys

Abstract

The present invention provides an accelerated evaluation method for an anode, the method imitating electric power having a large output fluctuation, such as renewable energy, and enabling an accurate evaluation, in a shorter time, of durability of an anode using such electric power having a large output fluctuation as a power source. The method is an accelerated evaluation method for an anode, the method performing evaluation of the durability of the anode in an accelerated manner by electrochemical operation in an aqueous electrolyte. The method includes a Je step of loading an oxidation current of 0.1 A/cm2 or more to the anode for a duration of Te and an Emin step of holding the anode at a constant potential lower than an open circuit potential for a duration of Train, wherein each of the Je step and the Emin step is repeated 100 times or more.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/48 - Systems using polarography, i.e. measuring changes in current under a slowly-varying voltage

Abstract

The present invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis anode such that even when electric power having a large output fluctuation, such as renewable energy, is used as a power source, the electrolysis performance is unlikely to be deteriorated and excellent catalytic activity is retained stably over a long period of time. The alkaline water electrolysis anode is an alkaline water electrolysis anode 10 provided with an electrically conductive substrate 2 at least a surface of which contains nickel or a nickel base alloy and a catalyst layer 6 disposed on the surface of the electrically conductive substrate 2, the catalyst layer 6 containing a metal composite oxide having a quadruple perovskite oxide structure, wherein the metal composite oxide contains calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni), and has an atom ratio of Ca/Mn/Ni/O of (1.0)/(6.6 to 7.0)/(0.1 to 0.4)/12.0.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy
• B01J 23/889 - Manganese, technetium or rhenium
• B01J 37/14 - Oxidising with gases containing free oxygen
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water

Abstract

The present invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis anode such that even when electric power having a large output fluctuation, such as renewable energy, is used as a power source, the electrolysis performance is unlikely to be deteriorated and excellent catalytic activity is retained stably over a long period of time. The alkaline water electrolysis anode is an alkaline water electrolysis anode 10 provided with an electrically conductive substrate 2 at least a surface of which contains nickel or a nickel base alloy and a catalyst layer 6 disposed on the surface of the electrically conductive substrate 2, the catalyst layer 6 containing a nickel-containing metal oxide having a spinel structure, wherein the nickel-containing metal oxide contains nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn), and has an atom ratio of Li/Ni/Mn/O of (0.0 to 0.8)/(0.4 to 0.6)/(1.0 to 1.8)/4.0.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy
• C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
• C25B 15/021 - Process control or regulation of heating or cooling

Abstract

Provided is a method for producing an electrolysis electrode that is provided with a catalyst that has excellent catalytic activity such as having a low oxygen overvoltage and that has excellent stability such as having less loss of a catalyst component such as iridium (Ir). This method is for producing an electrolysis electrode, and comprises a step for applying, on the surface of an electrically conductive substrate, a catalyst precursor composition containing an iridium component or the like, a step for obtaining a primary fired body by heating the electrically conductive substrate on which the catalyst precursor composition is applied, and a step for forming, on the surface of the electrically conductive substrate, a catalyst layer containing iridium oxide by heating the primary fired body. The iridium component is an iridium compound including a carboxy group. In the catalyst precursor composition, the nickel (Ni) content is 10-35 mass%, the cobalt (Co) content is 25-55 mass%, and the iridium (Ir) content is 15-55 mass% (provided that Ni+Co+Ir=100 mass% is satisfied).

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/093 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
• B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/025 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation using a distinct intermediate layer, e.g. substrate-support-active layer
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy

Abstract

Provided is an anode for alkaline water electrolysis comprising a conductive substrate and a coating formed on a surface of the conductive substrate, wherein the coating comprises 1) a lithium-containing nickel oxide, 2) an iridium oxide, and 3) at least one of a strontium oxide, a lanthanum oxide, and a calcium oxide.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/093 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate

Abstract

The present invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis anode such that even when electric power having a large output fluctuation, such as renewable energy, is used as a power source, the electrolysis performance is unlikely to be deteriorated and excellent catalytic activity is retained stably over a long period of time. The alkaline water electrolysis anode is an alkaline water electrolysis anode 10 provided with an electrically conductive substrate 2 at least a surface of which contains nickel or a nickel base alloy and a catalyst layer 6 disposed on the surface of the electrically conductive substrate 2, the catalyst layer 6 containing a lithium composite oxide having a rock salt type structure, wherein the lithium composite oxide contains lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al), and has an atom ratio of Li/Ni/Fe/Al/O of (0.4 to 1.1)/(0.4 to 0.8)/(0.05 to 0.2)/(0.05 to 0.2)/2.0.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy
• C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide

Abstract

The present invention provides an oxygen generation electrode provided with a catalyst layer having a high specific electric conductivity, and having excellent durability such that even when an acidic electrolyte is electrolyzed, the catalyst components are unlikely to be consumed and long-term electrolysis can be performed. The oxygen generation electrode is an oxygen generation electrode 10 provided with a substrate 2 formed with titanium or a titanium alloy, and a catalyst layer 4 disposed on the substrate 2 and formed with a mixed metal oxide, wherein the catalyst layer 4 satisfies at least any one of the following condition (1) and condition (2). Condition (1): containing ruthenium, tin, and trivalent or higher polyvalent metal element excluding a tetravalent metal element. Condition (2): containing ruthenium and tin, and having a content of ruthenium of 40 mol % or more based on the total content of the ruthenium and tin.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/093 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
• C25B 1/02 - Hydrogen or oxygen
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25C 7/02 - ElectrodesConnections thereof
• C25B 11/063 - Valve metal, e.g. titanium

Abstract

A wastewater treatment method includes: a soft water treatment 1 of crystallizing calcium carbonate from wastewater to remove the calcium carbonate therefrom; and an electrolysis 2 of electrolyzing some of the wastewater from which the calcium carbonate has been removed to obtain an acidic aqueous solution and an alkaline aqueous solution, wherein at least some of the alkaline aqueous solution is circulated to be used in the soft water treatment 1.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/02 - Reverse osmosisHyperfiltration
• B01D 61/42 - ElectrodialysisElectro-osmosis
• B01D 61/58 - Multistep processes

Abstract

Provided is an aqueous solution electrolysis method whereby it becomes possible to reduce the amount of air bubbles covering an electrode and generate a gas of hydrogen, oxygen or the like with excellent energy efficiency. The method is an electrolysis method for electrolyzing an aqueous-solution-based electrolysis solution to generate at least one component selected from hydrogen, oxygen and chlorine, in which the electrolysis solution contains a water-soluble alcohol. The electrolysis solution contains about 0.1 to 10% by volume of a water-soluble alcohol including a tertiary alcohol such as 2-methylpropan-2-ol and 2-methylbutan-2-ol, an aqueous alkaline solution containing about 1 to 10 mol/L of an alkaline component may be water-electrolyzed, and the electrolysis solution is electrolyzed, for example, using an electrolysis cell equipped with an anode chamber and a cathode chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• C25B 15/029 - Concentration
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

xyzxyzz-hmh is performed on a surface of a conductive substrate obtained by forming a catalyst layer and constituting an oxygen generating anode, thereby recovering and improving electrolysis performance.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy
• C25B 11/067 - Inorganic compound e.g. ITO, silica or titania
• C25B 11/069 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of at least one single element and at least one compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of two or more compounds
• C25B 11/075 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
• C25B 11/095 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one of the compounds being organic
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

The present invention realizes industrially excellent effects such that when electric power having a large output fluctuation, such as renewable energy, is used as a power source, electrolysis performance is unlikely to be deteriorated and excellent catalytic activity is retained stably over a longer period of time, and in addition, the present invention provides a technique that enables forming a catalyst layer of an oxygen generation anode, which gives such excellent effects, with a more versatile materials and by a simple electrolysis method. Provided are an alkaline water electrolysis method including supplying an electrolyte obtained by dispersing a catalyst containing a hybrid nickel-iron hydroxide nanosheet (NiFe-ns) being a composite of a metal hydroxide and an organic substance to an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, and using the electrolyte for electrolysis in each chamber in common, an alkaline water electrolysis method including supplying an electrolyte obtained by dispersing a catalyst containing the NiFe-ns to an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, and performing electrolytic deposition of the NiFe-ns in the electrolytic cell during operation to electrolytically deposit the NiFe-ns on a surface of an electrically conductive substrate having a catalyst layer formed on a surface of an oxygen generation anode, thereby recovering and improving electrolysis performance, and an alkaline water electrolysis anode.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 15/029 - Concentration
• C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy
• C25B 11/085 - Organic compound

Abstract

The present invention provides a simple method for manufacturing an electrode with improved oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity without any catalyst coating, and an electrode which is manufactured thereby. A method for manufacturing an electrode according to the present invention comprises: a step for heat-treating a conductive substrate comprising a nickel alloy that contains 30-70 mass% of Ni and 30-70 mass% of Fe (where Ni+Fe = 100 mass%); and a step for etching the heat-treated conductive substrate with an etching liquid containing an organic acid and/or a weak inorganic acid. An electrode according to the present invention is manufactured by this manufacturing method and is useful as an oxygen evolution anode, etc.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/046 - Alloys
• C23F 1/28 - Acidic compositions for etching iron group metals
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide: an electrode having high durability and a lower manufacturing cost; and a manufacturing method therefor.　This electrode includes a mixed metal oxide-containing coating on a valve metal substrate with an intermediate layer therebetween, the intermediate layer containing an alloy containing a titanium component and a tantalum component, wherein: the molar ratios of metal elements in the mixed metal oxide are 35-48% for the total of an iridium element and a ruthenium element, 45-60% for a tin element, and 3-9% for a tantalum element; and the molar ratio of the iridium element with respect to the total of the iridium element and the ruthenium element in the mixed metal oxide is 32-60%.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 11/063 - Valve metal, e.g. titanium
• C25B 11/093 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
• C25B 11/097 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds comprising two or more noble metals or noble metal alloys

Abstract

b on another unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
• C25B 9/77 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
• C25B 9/75 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• H01M 8/18 - Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells

Abstract

Provided are a method and apparatus for producing a sodium hypochlorite solution with which it is possible to produce a sodium hypochlorite solution with a high effective chlorine concentration at low cost using on-site equipment.　When supplying a secondary brine, which is a sodium chloride aqueous solution, to a positive electrode chamber 2 of an electrolytic tank 10 that is partitioned by an ion exchange membrane 1 into the positive electrode chamber 2 and a negative electrode chamber 3, introducing a positive electrode solution and generated chlorine gas inside the positive electrode chamber after the electrolysis and a generated sodium hydroxide aqueous solution inside the negative electrode chamber to a reaction tank 20, and producing a sodium hypochlorite solution inside the reaction tank by a reaction of the positive electrode solution. chlorine gas, and the generated sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, which is the negative electrode solution, the process comprises a primary brine generating step for generating a primary brine by dissolving raw salt G, in which sodium chloride is the main component, in purified water B, and a chelation step for performing chelation treatment on the primary brine to generate a secondary brine A, and the salt decomposition rate is made to be in the range of 80-95%.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 1/42 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 9/13 - Single electrolytic cells with circulation of an electrolyte
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof

Abstract

Provided are a method and device for manufacturing a sodium hypochlorite solution on-site with high efficiency and while suppressing initial cost and operating cost, without the problem of impurities arising from raw material water or a raw material salt.　The present invention is a method for manufacturing a sodium hypochlorite solution on-site in the vicinity of a facility where the sodium hypochlorite solution is used. The present invention includes, when manufacturing a sodium hypochlorite solution by supplying a secondary brine to the positive electrode chamber of an electrolysis tank partitioned into a positive electrode chamber and a negative electrode chamber by an ion exchange membrane and reacting the electrolyzed component in the positive electrode chamber and the negative electrode chamber in a reaction tank, the steps of treating raw material water A with a cation exchange resin B to produce purified water 5, dissolving a raw salt D in the purified water to produce a primary brine E, performing an inspection to confirm the presence of a precipitate or suspended matter in the primary brine, and producing a secondary brine 4 by performing a chelating treatment of the primary brine directly when no precipitate or suspended matter is present therein, and otherwise performing the chelating treatment after dissolving the precipitate or suspended matter by adding an acid component thereto.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof
• C02F 1/42 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
• C25B 1/46 - Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
• C25B 9/21 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms two or more diaphragms
• C25B 15/025 - Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production of electrolyte parameters
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

An organic hydride production apparatus includes: an electrolyte membrane having proton conductivity; a cathode, provided on one side of the electrolyte membrane, that contains a cathode catalyst used to hydrogenate a hydrogenation target substance using protons to produce an organic hydride; an anode, provided opposite to the one side of the electrolyte membrane, that contains an anode catalyst used to oxidize water to produce protons; and an anode support, provided opposite to the electrolyte membrane side of the anode, that supports the anode. The anode support is formed of an elastic porous body of which the Young's modulus is greater than 0.1 N/mm2 and less than 43 N/mm2.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 3/25 - Reduction
• C25B 11/055 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material

Abstract

There are provided an electrolyzer gasket, which can accommodate and hold a separator inside an electrolyzer by a simple handling, can more surely prevent leakage of an electrolyte and an electrolytically generated gas from the inside of the electrolyzer, can keep the separator in such a state that the separator is held at a position that is in contact with one of electrodes and is located along the electrode and therefore can suppress damage of the separator and makes it possible to use the separator stably for a long period of time, and an electrolyzer. An electrolyzer gasket including a picture-frame-shaped thin-plate-like frame having a first surface being in contact with an anode metal frame and a second surface being in contact with a cathode metal frame, wherein the gasket has a structure in which a notch having a difference in level of approximately the same thickness as the thickness of the separator, the notch obtained by thinly scraping off, in a uniform thickness, a region including the edge on the anode chamber side or the cathode chamber side, is formed on any one of the first surface and the second surface, and the edge part of the separator is accommodated and held in the notch, and an electrolyzer using the electrolyzer gasket.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/60 - Constructional parts of cells
• C25B 1/46 - Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
• C25B 9/05 - Pressure cells
• C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 9/63 - Holders for electrodesPositioning of the electrodes
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form

Abstract

[Problem] To provide an anode for alkaline water electrolysis having low oxygen overvoltage and a long service life, and a method for manufacturing the anode for alkaline water electrolysis. [Solution] Provided is an anode for alkaline water electrolysis including an electroconductive base and a coating, the coating containing 1) iridium oxide, 2) nickel oxide, and 3) lithium oxide.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/073 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material

Abstract

An apparatus (100) for producing an acidic aqueous solution includes: an electrodialyzer (110) that has a monovalent ion perm-selective ion-exchange membrane and separates wastewater containing chloride ions and alkali metal ions into electrodialysis concentrated water and electrodialysis diluted water by an electrodialysis treatment; an electrolyzer (120) includes an anode that that electrolyzes the electrodialysis concentrated water to produce an acidic aqueous solution; and a first circulator (13) that circulates at least some of the acidic aqueous solution to the wastewater supplied to the electrodialyzer (110), and that adjusts a pH of the wastewater supplied to the electrodialyzer to 3 to 9.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof
• C25B 1/30 - Peroxides
• B01D 61/46 - Apparatus therefor

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a high-productivity electrode manufacturing method and electrode manufacturing device, as well as an electrode obtained therewith. [Solution] Provided is an electrode manufacturing method in which pyrolysis is performed while simultaneously directly spraying a coating solution onto a heated base material, and a catalytic layer or intermediate layer is formed on the base material.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/051 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
• C25B 11/073 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof

Abstract

An organic hydride production apparatus 1 comprises an electrolysis tank 2 and a water removal device. The electrolysis tank 2 has a cathode chamber 20. The water removal device 12 has: a container 48 for storing a catholyte Lc sent out from the cathode chamber 20; a drain pipe 50 for discharging produced water W from the container 48; a detection part 52 for detecting accumulation of produced water W in the container 48; and a switching part 54 that is provided to the drain pipe 50 and that can switch between a restricting state of restricting drainage from the drain pipe 50 and an execution state of executing drainage, the switching part 54 switching from the restricting state to the execution state on the basis of a detection result from the detection part 52, the produced water W being removed from the catholyte Lc sent out from the cathode chamber 20.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 3/25 - Reduction
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

ee step for applying an oxidation current of at least 0.1A/cm2eminmineminmin step are each repeated at least 100 times.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• G01N 27/48 - Systems using polarography, i.e. measuring changes in current under a slowly-varying voltage

Abstract

Disclosed is a purification method of electrolytic gas generated from an electrolysis cell having a cathode and an anode. In a step of performing electrolysis of an electrolyte solution supplied into the electrolysis cell and repeating the electrolysis while circulating the electrolyzed electrolyte solution via an circulation tank disposed outside the electrolysis cell, a bag-shaped membrane pack, which is made from a specific porous membrane material, is of a shape having an opening at a top end thereof and closed at an entire side wall and entire bottom wall thereof and has a large permeation area at the entire side wall and entire bottom wall, is disposed in an interior of the circulation tank, thereby enabling to perform the electrolysis while purifying the electrolyte solution in which a portion of the electrolytic gas generated by the electrolysis is dissolved and bubbles of another portion of the electrolytic gas coexist.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• B01D 19/00 - Degasification of liquids
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof
• C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide an electrolysis technique such that the electrolysis performance is unlikely to be deteriorated, and excellent catalytic activity is retained stably over a long period of time even when electric power having a large output fluctuation, such as renewable energy, is used a power source, and this object is realized by an alkaline water electrolysis method, in which an electrolytic solution obtained by dispersing a catalyst containing a hybrid cobalt hydroxide nanosheet (Co-NS) being a composite of a metal hydroxide and an organic substance is supplied to an anode chamber and a cathode chamber that form an electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic solution is used for electrolysis in each chamber in common, and an alkaline water electrolysis anode.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/085 - Organic compound
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 11/091 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
• C25B 15/029 - Concentration
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 11/061 - Metal or alloy

Abstract

The present invention provides an anode for alkaline water electrolysis, said anode being not susceptible to deterioration in the electrolysis performance even in cases where a power with large output fluctuation such as renewable energy is used as a power source, while being capable of stably maintaining excellent catalytic activity for a long period of time. An anode 10 for alkaline water electrolysis, said anode 10 being provided with: a conductive base material 2, at least the surface of which is formed of nickel or a nickel-based alloy; and a catalyst layer 6 which is arranged on the surface of the conductive base material 2, while containing a nickel-containing metal oxide that has a spinel structure. With respect to this anode 10 for alkaline water electrolysis, the nickel-containing metal oxide contains nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn), while having a Li/Ni/Mn/O atomic ratio of (0.0 to 0.8)/(0.4 to 0.6)/(1.0 to 1.8)/4.0.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/073 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material
• B01J 23/889 - Manganese, technetium or rhenium
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• B01J 37/14 - Oxidising with gases containing free oxygen

Abstract

The present invention provides an anode for alkaline water electrolysis, said anode being not susceptible to deterioration of electrolysis performance even in cases where a power with large output fluctuation such as renewable energy is used as a power source, and being capable of stably maintaining excellent catalytic activity for a long period of time. The anode 10 for alkaline water electrolysis is provided with a conductive substrate 2 in which at least a surface comprises nickel or a nickel-based alloy and a catalyst layer 6 which is arranged on the surface of the conductive substrate 2 and comprises a metal composite oxide having a quadruple perovskite oxide structure, in which the metal composite oxide contains calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni) in which the Ca/Mn/Ni/O atomic ratio is (1.0)/(6.6-7.0)/(0.1-0.4)/12.0.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/073 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material
• B01J 23/889 - Manganese, technetium or rhenium
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• B01J 37/14 - Oxidising with gases containing free oxygen

Abstract

The chamber frame element of the present invention, which has a smaller amount of voltage drop, consumes less reactive power than the prior art, and exhibits no metal corrosion, is a chamber frame element (14) for an electrolyzer or an electrodialysis cell. The chamber frame element (14) includes: a bag body (141); a frame (142) housed in an interior space of the bag body (141); and an inlet (143) and an outlet (144) to which piping can be attached, which are formed on the outer side of a region where the frame is housed in the bag body (141).

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/63 - Holders for electrodesPositioning of the electrodes
• C25B 13/00 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements
• B01D 61/46 - Apparatus therefor
• C25B 11/036 - Bipolar electrodes
• C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 9/21 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms two or more diaphragms
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis

Abstract

Provided is an anode for alkaline water electrolysis including a conductive substrate and a coating formed on the surface of the conductive substrate, wherein the coating includes: 1) lithium-containing nickel oxide; 2) iridium oxide; and 3) at least one among strontium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and calcium oxide.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/073 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material

Abstract

The present invention provides an anode for alkaline water electrolysis, said anode being not susceptible to deterioration of electrolysis performance even in cases where a power with large output fluctuation such as renewable energy is used as a power source, and being capable of stably maintaining excellent catalytic activity for a long period of time. An anode 10 for alkaline water electrolysis, said anode 10 being provided with: a conductive substrate 2, at least the surface of which is formed of nickel or a nickel-based alloy; and a catalyst layer 6 which is arranged on the surface of the conductive substrate 2, while being formed of a lithium composite oxide that has a rock salt structure. With respect to this anode 10 for alkaline water electrolysis, the lithium composite oxide contains lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al), and the Li/Ni/Fe/Al/O atomic ratio is (0.4-1.1)/(0.4-0.8)/(0.05-0.2)/(0.05-0.2)/2.0.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/073 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material
• B01J 23/78 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material

Abstract

Provided is an oxygen-generating electrode that is equipped with a highly conductive, highly durable catalyst layer capable of long-term electrolysis wherein the catalyst component resists consumption even when electrolysis is performed on an acidic electrolytic solution. An oxygen-generating electrode 10 is provided with a substrate 2 formed of titanium or a titanium alloy, and with a catalyst layer 4 that is disposed on the substrate 2 and is formed of a mixed metal oxide, wherein the catalyst layer 4 satisfies at least one of the following condition (1) and condition (2).　Condition (1): contains ruthenium, tin, and an at least trivalent (but excluding tetravalent) polyvalent metal element. Condition (2): contains ruthenium and tin wherein the ruthenium content is at least 40 mol% with reference to the total content of the ruthenium and tin.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25C 7/02 - ElectrodesConnections thereof
• C25B 11/073 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material

Abstract

Provided is a technology by which, when power having high output fluctuation is used as a power source, an excellent industrial effect in which electrolytic performance is not easily deteriorated and excellent catalytic activity is stably maintained for a long period of time can be achieved, and which enables a catalyst layer, of an anode for oxygen generation by which such an excellent effect can be obtained, to be formed from a more versatile material with a simple electrolysis method.　Provided are: an alkaline water electrolysis method in which, an electrolytic solution, in which a catalyst containing a hybrid nickel hydroxide/iron nanosheet (NiFe-ns) of a composite of a metal hydroxide and an organic substance is dispersed, is supplied to an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, and the electrolytic solution is commonly used for electrolysis in each chamber; an alkaline water electrolysis method in which an electrolytic solution, in which a catalyst containing NiFe-ns is dispersed, is supplied to an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, and during operation, electrolytic precipitation of NiFe-ns is performed in the electrolytic cell to electrolytically precipitate NiFe-ns on the surface of a conductive substrate formed by forming a catalyst layer on the surface of the anode for oxygen generation, thereby restoring and improving electrolytic performance; and a positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 9/40 - Cells or assemblies of cells comprising electrodes made of particlesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a laminated structure that comprises electrodes capable of effectively preventing a unit from shifting. [Solution] A laminated structure 2 in which a plurality of units 23, 33, 24, 41, and 42, which comprise flat units, are laminated, the laminated structure comprising electrodes 232, 332, 412, 233, 333, and 422 that are tightened by a tightening tool 25, wherein each of the units 23, 33, 24, 41, and 42 comprise frame-shaped fastening portions 237a, 237b, 337a, 337b, 247a, 247b, 417a, 417b, 427a, and 427b on outer peripheral portions on both surfaces, the front surfaces of each of the fastening portions 237a, 237b, 337a, 337b, 247a, 247b, 417a, 417b, 427a, and 427b are laminated by being pressed on each other, and the widths of the fastening portions 247a, 247b, 337a, 337b, 427a, and 427b of one unit are formed to be different from the widths of the fastening portions 237a, 237b, 417a, and 417b of the other unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 9/02 - Holders for electrodes
• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms

Abstract

An apparatus (100) for producing an acidic aqueous solution comprises: an electrodialyzer (110) that has a monovalent ion permselective ion-exchange membrane and separates, by electrodialysis treatment, wastewater containing chloride ions and alkali metal ions into an electrodialysis concentrate and an electrodialysis dilution; an electrolyzer (120) for electrolyzing the electrodialysis concentrate to produce an acidic aqueous solution; and a first circulation part (13) for circulating at least a portion of the acidic aqueous solution to the wastewater supplied to the electrodialyzer (110).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/46 - Apparatus therefor
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis

Abstract

This wastewater treatment method comprises a soft water treatment step 1 of removing calcium carbonate from a wastewater by crystallizing the calcium carbonate, and an electrolysis step 2 of carrying out electrolysis on a portion of the wastewater from which the calcium carbonate has been removed, to obtain an acidic aqueous solution and an alkaline aqueous solution. At least a portion of the alkaline aqueous solution is circulated and used in the soft water treatment step 1.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/08 - Apparatus therefor
• B01D 61/46 - Apparatus therefor
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
• C02F 1/58 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds

Abstract

Provided are: a gasket for electrolysis vessels, which makes it possible to accommodate and hold a partitioning film in the inside of an electrolysis vessel by a simple operation, can more reliably prevent the leakage of an electrolytic solution or an electrolytic product gas from the inside of the electrolysis vessel, and can keep the partitioning film in such a state that the partitioning film is held at a position that comes in contact with one of electrodes and is located along the electrode, and therefore can reduce the damage of the partitioning film and makes it possible to use the partitioning film stably for a long period; and an electrolysis vessel.　A gasket for electrolysis vessels, which has a first surface that is composed of a picture-frame-shaped thin-film-like frame body and comes into contact with an anode-side metallic frame body and a second surface that comes into contact with a cathode-side metallic frame body, wherein a cut-off portion is formed on one surface selected from the first surface and the second surface, the cut-off portion is formed by thinly cutting off a region including an anode-chamber-side or cathode-chamber side edge into an even thickness and has a step having approximately the same thickness as that of the partitioning film, and the gasket is so configured that an end part of the portioning film can be housed and held in the cut-off portion; and an electrolysis vessel provided with the gasket.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• F16J 15/10 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
• F16J 15/12 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering

Abstract

2 (0.02≤x≤0.5), and a catalyst layer 6 of a nickel cobalt spinel oxide, an iridium oxide, or the like, the catalyst layer 6 formed on the surface of the intermediate layer 4.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
• C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for purifying a gas formed by electrolysis, the method comprising a step for electrolyzing an electrolyte supplied into an electrolytic bath having a negative electrode and a positive electrode, and repeatedly performing electrolysis while circulating the electrolyzed electrolyte through an electrolyte circulating tank provided outside of the electrolytic bath, wherein a bag-shaped diaphragm body, which is formed of a specific porous diaphragm material, has an opening in an upper end thereof, has a shape in which the entire side surface and the entire bottom surface thereof are closed, and has a wide permeation area in the entire side surface and the entire bottom surface thereof, is disposed inside the electrolyte circulating tank, whereby electrolysis can be performed while purifying the electrolyte, in which the gas formed by electrolysis is dissolved and gas bubbles of the gas formed by electrolysis co-exist, and the gas formed by electrolysis and generated from the electrolytic bath can be purified.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrolysis technique in which electrolysis performance is unlikely to deteriorate and excellent catalytic activity is stably maintained for a long period of time even when a power source with large output fluctuations such as renewable energy is used. This purpose is realized by an alkaline water electrolysis method and an alkaline water electrolysis anode, the alkaline water electrolysis method is characterized in that an electrolytic solution in which a catalyst including a hybrid cobalt hydroxide nanosheet (Co-NS), which is a composite of a metal hydroxide and an organic substance, is dispersed, is supplied to an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, which constitute an electrolytic cell, and commonly used for electrolysis in each chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/06 - Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material by the catalytic materials used
• C25B 1/02 - Hydrogen or oxygen
• C25D 13/02 - Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process with inorganic material

Abstract

A chamber frame element of the present invention, which has an amount of voltage drop smaller than that in the related art, low consumption of reactive power, and no metal corrosion, is a chamber frame element 14 for an electrolyzer or an electrodialysis cell, and comprises: a bag body 141; a frame 142 that is accommodated in an inner space of the bag body 141; and an inlet 143 and an outlet 144 which are formed more outward than a portion of the bag body 141 in which the frame is accommodated, and to which piping can be attached.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

Provided is an electrolytic apparatus capable of pressurizing hydrogen gas produced by the electrolytic apparatus and removing impurities in the produced hydrogen gas. In the electrolytic apparatus, gas compression means 101 including an ejector 110, a storage tank 103 storing a circulation liquid, a circulation pipe 105 circulating a fluid mixture of hydrogen gas and the circulation liquid to the ejector, and a circulation pump 104 is provided in a discharge line 12 for hydrogen gas produced by electrolysis, a hydrogen gas discharge pipe 106 and a first valve V1 are provided in the storage tank 103, impurities in the hydrogen gas are transferred to the circulation liquid to remove the impurities from the hydrogen gas, and a pressure of the hydrogen gas stored in the storage tank 103 is raised by controlling a flow rate of the circulation liquid circulated from the storage tank 103 to the ejector 110 and opening and closing of the first valve V1.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

x2-x22 (0.02≤x≤0.5); and a catalyst layer 6 of a nickel cobalt spinel oxide, iridium oxide, or the like formed on the surface of the intermediate layer 4.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 11/06 - Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material by the catalytic materials used
• C25B 11/08 - Noble metals

Abstract

An organic hydride production apparatus includes: an electrolyte membrane having proton conductivity; a cathode that includes a cathode catalyst layer used to hydrogenate a hydrogenation target substance using protons to produce an organic hydride and also includes a cathode chamber; an anode that includes an anode catalyst layer used to oxidize water to produce protons and also includes an anode chamber; and a gas introduction unit that introduces, into the anolyte at a certain position, a certain gas used to remove at least one of the hydrogenation target substance and the organic hydride that have passed through the electrolyte membrane and been mixed into the anolyte.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 3/25 - Reduction
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded

Abstract

Provided is a method capable of producing, in a simple and low-cost manner, an electrolysis electrode which can be used in alkaline water electrolysis and has superior durability against output variation. The method for producing an anode for alkaline water electrolysis includes: a step of dissolving lithium nitrate and a nickel carboxylate in water to prepare an aqueous solution containing lithium ions and nickel ions, a step of applying the aqueous solution to the surface of a conductive substrate having at least the surface composed of nickel or a nickel-based alloy, and a step of subjecting the conductive substrate to which the aqueous solution has been applied to a heat treatment at a temperature within a range from at least 450° C. to not more than 600° C., thereby forming a catalyst layer composed of a lithium-containing nickel oxide on the conductive substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 1/06 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in cells with flat or plate-like electrodes
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous

Abstract

A sacrificial electrode attachment structure includes: a first pipe in which electrolyte flows; a second pipe which is formed of an insulating material and allows the electrolyte to flow; a cylindrical sacrificial electrode unit arranged between the first pipe and the second pipe so as to allow the electrolyte to flow, and including a sacrificial electrode that contacts the electrolyte; a first pipe joint adapted to liquid-tightly connect the first pipe to the sacrificial electrode unit in a detachable manner; and a second pipe joint adapted to liquid-tightly connect the second pipe to the sacrificial electrode unit in a detachable manner.

IPC Classes  ?

• C23F 13/10 - Electrodes characterised by the structure
• C23F 13/18 - Means for supporting electrodes
• C23F 13/14 - Material for sacrificial anodes
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/00 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
• C25C 7/02 - ElectrodesConnections thereof
• C25B 11/02 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis

Abstract

Provided are an anode for alkaline water electrolysis that can achieve a low overpotential at low cost, and a method for producing the anode for alkaline water electrolysis. An anode for alkaline water electrolysis having electrode catalyst layers 2, 3 composed of a first catalyst component having either a nickel-cobalt spinel oxide or a lanthanide-nickel-cobalt perovskite oxide and a second catalyst component having at least one of iridium oxide and ruthenium oxide formed on the surface of a conductive substrate 1 composed of nickel or a nickel-based alloy, and a method for producing the anode for alkaline water electrolysis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• B01J 23/00 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group
• B01J 23/46 - Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features

Abstract

Provided is an electrolytic device in which hydrogen gas generated by the electrolytic device is pressurized and impurities can be removed from the generated hydrogen gas. This electrolysis device is provided with, in a discharge line 12 for discharging hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis: a gas compression means 101 comprising an ejector 110, a storage tank 103 that stores a liquid for circulation, and a circulation pipe 105 and a circulation pump 104 through which a mixed fluid of hydrogen gas and the liquid for circulation is circulated to the ejector; and a hydrogen gas discharge pipe 106 and a first valve V1 which are provided to the storage tank 103, wherein impurities in the hydrogen gas are transferred to the liquid for circulation and the impurities are removed from the hydrogen gas, and the pressure of the hydrogen gas stored in the storage tank 103 is increased by controlling the flow rate of the liquid for circulation circulated from the storage tank 103 to the ejector 110 and by controlling the opening and closing of the first valve V1.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features

Abstract

A sacrificial electrode-mounting structure is provided with: a first pipe through which an electrolytic solution flows; a second pipe, which is formed from an insulating material and through which the electrolytic solution flows; a tubular sacrificial electrode unit, which is disposed between the first pipe and the second pipe so that the electrolytic solution flows therethrough and is provided with a sacrificial electrode that is in contact with the electrolytic solution; a first pipe coupling for connecting the first pipe to the sacrificial electrode unit in a liquid-tight, freely detachable manner; and a second pipe coupling for connecting the second pipe to the sacrificial electrode unit in a liquid-tight, freely detachable manner.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

An organic hydride production device 100 is provided with: a proton-conducting electrolyte film 102; a cathode 104 which is disposed on one side of the electrolyte film 102 and which contains a cathode catalyst for generating an organic hydride by hydrogenating a to-be-hydrogenated substance with protons; an anode 108 which is disposed on the side opposite to the one side of the electrolyte film 102 and which contains an anode catalyst 108a for generating protons by oxidizing water; and an anode support 110 which is disposed on the side of the anode 108 opposite to the electrolyte film 102 and which supports the anode 108. The anode support 110 comprises an elastic porous body having a Young's modulus of more than 0.1 N/mm2 and less than 43 N/mm2.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/02 - Holders for electrodes
• C25B 3/04 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds by reduction
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous

Abstract

Provided is an alkaline water electrolysis method capable of reducing or preventing degradation in cathode and anode performance even in an operation of repeated cycles of frequent starting and stopping, and/or even in an operation involving a significant output variation. The present invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis method including repeated cycles of intermittent operation, including an electrolysis step of performing alkaline water electrolysis including storing an electrolytic solution (16) in a circulation tank (5), feeding the electrolytic solution (16) in the circulation tank (5) to an anode chamber (2) and to a cathode chamber (3), returning an electrolytic solution generated in the cathode chamber (3) and an electrolytic solution generated in the anode chamber (2) to the circulation tank (5), mixing together these electrolytic solutions in the circulation tank (5), and recirculating the mixed electrolytic solution to the anode chamber (2) and to the cathode chamber (3), and a step of adding a catalyst activation material formed of a metal salt soluble in the electrolytic solution (16) prior to starting of the electrolysis step; and in the electrolysis step, a metal component in the catalyst activation material is deposited on a surface of the cathode.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material

Abstract

Provided are an electrode for electrolysis having excellent durability against reverse current, and a method that enables production of the electrode for electrolysis at low cost. The electrode for electrolysis 130 includes a conductive substrate 132 on which a catalyst layer is formed, and a reverse current absorption body 134 that is coupled to the conductive substrate 132 in a detachable manner, wherein the reverse current absorption body 134 is formed from a sintered compact containing nickel. The method for producing the electrode for electrolysis 130 includes a sintered compact formation step of obtaining the sintered compact by sintering a raw material powder composed of any one of Raney nickel alloy particles containing nickel and an alkali-soluble metal element, metallic nickel particles, and a mixture of Raney nickel alloy particles and metallic nickel particles, and a coupling step of coupling the sintered compact to the conductive substrate 132.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 9/20 - Assemblies comprising a plurality of cells of the filter-press type
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 1/46 - Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells

Abstract

Provided are an electrolyzer having excellent durability against reverse current. The electrolyzer 300 includes an anode 314, an anode chamber 310 housing the anode 314, a cathode 330, a cathode chamber 320 housing the cathode 330, and a diaphragm that separates the anode chamber 310 and the cathode chamber 320, wherein a reverse current absorption body 334 formed of a sintered compact containing nickel is disposed in at least one of an inside of the cathode chamber 320 and an inside of the anode chamber 310, and the reverse current absorption body 334 is not directly coupled to the cathode 330 and the anode 314 but is electrically connected to at least one of the cathode 330 and the anode 314.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/10 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms including an ion-exchange membrane in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 9/16 - Cells or assemblies of cells comprising at least one electrode made of particles; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 9/20 - Assemblies comprising a plurality of cells of the filter-press type
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 1/46 - Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells

Abstract

A method for manufacturing an electrode, which can suppress waste of electrode substrate, prevent impairment of operability, improve flatness and the like, and reliably prevent falling off thereof, and simultaneously can prevent wrinkles and bulges of the electrode caused by the heat treatment and the like, thereby manufacturing a higher-quality electrode. The method includes: preparing a rectangular plate-like electrode substrate having attachment portions at two ends including opposing sides by linearly bending two parts so that each part has an overall even side; holding the attachment portions by the suspension jig and a lower jig each being provided with a movement restriction portion with which a leading end of each attachment portion comes into contact, thereby maintaining the electrode substrate in a suspended state; and performing at least heat treatment on the suspended electrode substrate so as to manufacture a portion for an electrode.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01G 11/86 - Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
• H01M 4/04 - Processes of manufacture in general
• H01M 4/74 - Meshes or woven materialExpanded metal
• C25D 17/12 - Shape or form
• H01G 11/24 - Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosityElectrodes characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
• C25D 17/06 - Suspending or supporting devices for articles to be coated
• C23C 18/16 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by reduction or substitution, i.e. electroless plating
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25C 7/02 - ElectrodesConnections thereof
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis

Abstract

To provide an electrolytic apparatus and an electrolytic method which can remove a risk of reaching an explosion limit of hydrogen by gradual accumulation of a very small amount of gas in a circulation line of an electrolytic solution in an electrolytic process generating hydrogen. The electrolytic apparatus 1 is characterized by including an anode gas feeding line 20 connecting a gas phase region 21 to an anode side gas-liquid separation means in order to dilute the concentration of the hydrogen gas by feeding anode gas into the gas phase region 21 in which hydrogen gas can exist as a gas phase. By feeding at least a part of the anode gas to the gas phase region 21 with the anode gas feeding line 20, the hydrogen gas in the gas phase region 21 is diluted with the anode gas so that the concentration of the hydrogen gas is surely less than a lower limit value of explosion limit.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof
• C25B 1/12 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in pressure cells
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 9/10 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms including an ion-exchange membrane in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation

Abstract

An electrolyzed water production device that electrolyzes water containing chloride ions to produce electrolyzed water containing hypochlorous acid, wherein said device comprises an electrolysis tank through which the water passes, and an electrode provided within the electrolysis tank, the electrode comprising a catalytic layer containing iridium oxide, tantalum oxide, and rhodium oxide, and the proportion of the number of atoms of the rhodium in the catalytic layer to the sum of the number of atoms of iridium contained in the iridium oxide, the number of atoms of tantalum contained in the tantalum oxide, and the number of atoms of rhodium contained in the rhodium oxide being 31% to 60%.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/08 - Noble metals
• C02F 1/46 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
• C25B 1/26 - ChlorineCompounds thereof
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• E03D 9/08 - Devices in the bowl producing upwardly-directed spraysModifications of the bowl for use with such devices

Abstract

Provided is a water treatment system using an alkaline water electrolytic device and an alkaline fuel cell in which for continuing an electrolytic treatment, a hydrogen gas and an oxygen gas required in an alkaline water electrolytic device and an alkaline fuel cell, an amount of water corresponding to raw water lost through the electrolytic treatment, and an electrolytic solution are efficiently circulated and used in a water treatment system to considerably reduce electric power consumption. The water treatment system is a water treatment system using an alkaline water electrolytic device and an alkaline fuel cell in which an alkaline water electrolytic device and an alkaline fuel cell are connected to each other, the volume of raw water is reduced, an oxygen gas and a hydrogen gas that are generated from the alkaline water electrolytic device are fed to the alkaline fuel cell, the oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are used to generate electric power by the alkaline fuel cell, electric energy and water are collected, and the collected electric energy is fed to the alkaline water electrolytic device as an electric power source thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/00 - Fuel cellsManufacture thereof
• H01M 8/18 - Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
• H01M 8/0656 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation
• G21F 9/06 - Processing
• C25B 9/10 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms including an ion-exchange membrane in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• H01M 4/90 - Selection of catalytic material
• H01M 8/0662 - Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
• H01M 8/083 - Alkaline fuel cells
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group

Abstract

B.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
• C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells

Abstract

This apparatus 10 for producing an organic hydride is provided with: an electrolyte membrane 110 that has proton conductivity; a cathode 120 that is provided on one side of the electrolyte membrane 110, and has a cathode catalyst layer for generating an organic hydride by hydrogenating an object to be hydrogenated by protons, and a cathode chamber for housing the cathode catalyst layer; an anode 150 that is provided on the side opposite from said one side of the electrolyte membrane 110, and has an anode catalyst layer for generating protons by oxidizing water, and an anode chamber for housing the anode catalyst layer; and a gas introduction part 70 that introduces a predetermined gas into an anode liquid at a predetermined position, said gas being used for the purpose of removing at least one of the object to be hydrogenated and the organic hydride, which have permeated through the electrolyte membrane 110 and mixed into the anode liquid.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 3/04 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds by reduction
• C25B 9/10 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms including an ion-exchange membrane in or on which electrode material is embedded

Abstract

Provided is a method capable of manufacturing, in an easy and low-cost manner, an electrolysis electrode which can be used in alkaline water electrolysis and has high resistance against output variation. The manufacturing method for an alkaline water electrolysis positive electrode includes: a step for dissolving lithium nitrate and nickel carboxylate in water to make an aqueous solution containing lithium ions and nickel ions; a step for applying the aqueous solution to a surface of a conductive substrate comprising, at least on the surface thereof, nickel or a nickel base alloy; and a step for thermally treating, at a temperature in the range of 450°C to 600°C, the conductive substrate to which the aqueous solution has been applied and forming on the conductive substrate a catalytic layer comprising a lithium-containing nickel oxide.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/06 - Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material by the catalytic materials used
• C25B 1/06 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in cells with flat or plate-like electrodes
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features

Abstract

A cathode 120 of an electrolysis cell 100 for producing an organic hydride is provided with: a cathode catalyst layer 122 comprising a first catalyst for hydrogenating a substance to be hydrogenated with protons and generating an organic hydride; a cathode chamber 124 for housing the cathode catalyst layer 122; and a second catalyst that is disposed in an area in the cathode chamber 124 excluding the cathode catalyst layer 122 and that promotes a chemical reaction of hydrogen gas, which is a product of a side reaction in the cathode 120, with unreacted substance to be hydrogenated.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 3/04 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds by reduction
• B01J 23/42 - Platinum
• B01J 23/46 - Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 11/08 - Noble metals

Abstract

An anode for oxygen evolution that operates at a small overpotential and in a stable manner, and can be used favorably in an organic chemical hydride electrolytic synthesis apparatus. a.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 3/04 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds by reduction
• C01B 3/00 - HydrogenGaseous mixtures containing hydrogenSeparation of hydrogen from mixtures containing itPurification of hydrogen
• C01B 13/02 - Preparation of oxygen
• C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
• C07C 29/20 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds in six-membered aromatic rings in non-condensed rings substituted with hydroxy groups
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water

Abstract

An organic hydride production apparatus that enables the reduction reaction at the cathode of an organic compound having an unsaturated bond to proceed at high current efficiency and at a low electric power consumption rate, and a method for producing an organic hydride that uses this production apparatus. The production apparatus includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane having proton conductivity, a cathode which is provided on one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and generates a hydride by reducing a substance to be hydrogenated, a cathode chamber which houses the cathode and is supplied with the substance to be hydrogenated, an electrode catalyst-containing anode which is provided on the other surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and generates protons by oxidizing water, and an anode chamber which houses the anode and is supplied with an electrolytic solution, wherein the substance to be hydrogenated is supplied from the lower end of the cathode chamber, the production apparatus has a hydride outlet through which the product and the like is discharged from the upper end of the cathode chamber, and at least one partition with a width of not less than 0.1 mm is formed inside the cathode camber.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 3/25 - Reduction
• C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 9/73 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials

Abstract

Provided are an electrode for electrolysis of which durability against a reverse current is excellent, and a method capable of manufacturing the electrode for electrolysis at low cost. This electrode for electrolysis 130 is provided with: a conductive substrate 132 on which a catalyst layer is formed; and a reverse current absorbing body 134 separably combined with the conductive substrate 132, wherein the reverse current absorbing body 134 is composed of a sintered body including nickel. This manufacturing method of the electrode for electrolysis 130 includes: a sintered body forming process for sintering a raw powder composed of any one of Raney nickel alloy particles containing metal elements soluble in nickel and alkali, metal nickel particles, and a mixture of the Raney nickel alloy particles and the metal nickel particles, and obtaining a sintered body; and a combining process for combining the sintered body to the conductive substrate 132.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells

Abstract

Provided is an electrolyzer which has excellent durability against reverse current. This electrolyzer 330, having a positive electrode 314, a positive electrode chamber 310 which accommodates the positive electrode 314, a negative electrode 330, a negative electrode chamber 320 which accommodates the negative electrode 330, and a diaphragm which separates the positive electrode chamber 310 from the negative electrode chamber 320, is characterized in that a reverse current absorbing body 334, which is composed of a sintered body containing nickel, is disposed in at least one of the negative electrode chamber 320 and the positive electrode chamber 310, and the reverse current absorbing body 334 is electrically connected to at least one of the negative electrode 330 and the positive electrode 314 without being directly coupled with the negative electrode 330 and the positive electrode 314.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells

Abstract

Provided are: a positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis, which is obtained at low cost and is capable of achieving low overvoltage; and a method for producing a positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis. A positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis, which is characterized by forming, on the surface of a conductive base 1 that is formed from nickel or a nickel-based alloy, electrode catalyst layers 2, 3 that are formed from a first catalyst component comprising a nickel cobalt spinel oxide or a lanthanoid nickel cobalt perovskite oxide and a second catalyst component comprising at least one of iridium oxide and ruthenium oxide; and a method for producing this positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/06 - Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material by the catalytic materials used
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features

Abstract

To provide an electrolysis cell for producing an organic chemical hydride capable of advancing a reduction reaction in a cathode of an organic compound having an unsaturated bond with high current efficiency and a small electric power consumption unit. An electrolysis cell 10 for producing an organic chemical hydride includes a solid polymer electrolyte film 11 which has proton conductivity; a cathode 12 which is provided on one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte film 11 and generates a hydride by reducing a substance to be hydrogenated; a cathode chamber 13 which accommodates the cathode 12 and to which the substance to be hydrogenated is supplied; an electrode catalyst-containing anode 14 which is provided on another surface of the solid polymer electrolyte film 11 and generates a proton by oxidizing water; and an anode chamber 15 which accommodates the anode 14 and to which an electrolytic solution is supplied, in which at least one of a surface of the cathode 12 side and a surface of the anode 14 side of the solid polymer electrolyte film 11 is hydrophilized.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 11/02 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
• C25B 3/25 - Reduction
• C25B 11/043 - Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
• C25B 11/051 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
• C25B 11/073 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material
• C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for treating tritium water-containing raw water, the method including supplying a part of raw water containing tritium water and alkali water to a circulation tank, mixing the raw water with alkali water in the circulation tank to obtain an electrolyte adjusted so as to have a desired alkali concentration, and continuously electrolyzing the electrolyte while circulating the electrolyte, thereby subjecting the raw water stored in the storage tank to alkali water electrolysis and thus gasifying the raw water. According to the invention, by gasifying tritium water-containing raw water by alkali water electrolysis, the tritium concentration in a tritium-containing hydrogen gas is diluted to 1/1,244 and the tritium water-containing raw water can be reduced in volume.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21F 9/06 - Processing
• G21F 9/08 - Processing by evaporationProcessing by distillation
• G21F 9/02 - Treating gases

Abstract

The claimed invention provides an economical cathode for electrolysis and a method of manufacturing the same. The cathode includes a conductive base and a catalyst layer including a catalyst component. The conductive base, e.g. a wire mesh, includes plural intersection portions and is made of nickel. The cathode catalyst layer includes a catalyst component, such as platinum, and is formed by applying an application liquid to the base and drying and solidifying the liquid. The solidified portion of the applied liquid is not formed in the intersection portions of the base, or even if formed, the cross-sectional shape of the solidified portion has mesh-shaped pores with an average porosity of 15% or larger. The base is prepared by preheating to a temperature from 43° C. to 120° C. immediately before applying the application liquid, and thereafter the cathode catalyst layer is formed.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous

Abstract

Provided is a method for electrolyzing alkaline water whereby degradation of cathode and anode performance can be minimized even when operation is carried out in conditions of frequent repetition of starting and stopping and in conditions of considerably fluctuating output. The present invention provides a method for electrolyzing alkaline water in which intermittent operation is repeated, the method for electrolyzing alkaline water being characterized in comprising: an electrolysis step for housing an electrolyte (16) in a circulation tank (5), feeding the electrolyte (16) in the circulation tank (5) to an anode chamber (2) and a cathode chamber (3), returning the electrolyte generated in the cathode chamber (3) and the electrolyte generated in the anode chamber (2) to the circulation tank (5), mixing the electrolyte in the circulation tank (5), and thereafter electrolyzing alkaline water while the mixed electrolyte is recirculated to the anode chamber (2) and the cathode chamber (3); and a step for adding a catalyst-activating material composed of a soluble metal salt to the electrolyte (16) prior to the start of the electrolysis step, the metal in the catalyst-activating material being plated on the cathode surface in the electrolysis step.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 11/06 - Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material by the catalytic materials used
• C25B 11/08 - Noble metals
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a method of cleaning an article worn on the human body that efficiently cleans and removes odor from a large volume of used work masks and other articles worn on the human body without involving manual labor, and that is capable of deactivating bacteria and viruses, in particular norovirus, attached to the article worn on the human body. [Solution] A method of cleaning work masks and other articles worn on the human body in a nuclear power plant has: a step (first step) of cleaning a used article worn on the human body with alkaline electrolytic water; and a step (second step) of cleaning, after the first step, the used article worn on the human body with slightly acidic electrolytic water.

IPC Classes  ?

• B08B 3/08 - Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
• A61L 2/18 - Liquid substances
• B08B 3/02 - Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
• C02F 1/46 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
• G21F 9/06 - Processing
• G21F 9/28 - Treating solids
• A61L 101/06 - Inorganic materials containing halogen
• A62B 18/02 - Masks

Abstract

A device for producing an organic hydride 10 of an aspect of the present invention has an electrochemical cell provided with an anode 12 on a surface of an electrolyte membrane 11 and a cathode including a cathode catalyst layer 13 and a cathode diffusion layer 14 on another surface of the electrolyte membrane 11. A gap is provided between the anode 12 and the electrolyte membrane 11. The anode 12 has a network structure with an aperture ratio of 30 to 70%, and has an electrical supply supporting material formed of an electronic conductor and the electrode catalyst held by the electrical supply supporting material.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 9/16 - Cells or assemblies of cells comprising at least one electrode made of particles; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
• C25B 3/00 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds
• C25B 3/04 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds by reduction
• C07C 5/10 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of aromatic six-membered rings
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 9/10 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms including an ion-exchange membrane in or on which electrode material is embedded
• B01J 19/08 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials

Abstract

Provided is an electrode production method which makes it possible to produce higher quality electrodes, by solving the problems of electrode wrinkling and swelling caused by performing a heat treatment or the like, and simultaneously making it possible to definitively prevent an electrode substrate from falling, improving the flatness and the like of the electrode substrate using a simple method, and suppressing electrode substrate waste, without sacrificing operating properties, when performing an electrode production step such as a heat treatment or the like of a rectangular plate-shaped electrode substrate which is hanging from a hanging jig. This electrode production method involves: using a rectangular plate-shaped electrode substrate A having attachment sections A1 formed in two locations in an end section including opposing sides by linearly folding at two locations so as to achieve parallelism to all sides; sandwiching these attachment sections A1 between a lower jig and a hanging jig B1, which is provided with a movement-restricting part which the tips of the attachment sections A1 abut; hanging the electrode substrate A; and producing the section that forms the electrode by subjecting the hanging electrode substrate A to at least a heat treatment.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/04 - Processes of manufacture in general
• H01G 11/86 - Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
• H01M 4/74 - Meshes or woven materialExpanded metal

Abstract

Provided are an electrolysis apparatus and an electrolysis method capable, in an electrolytic process for generating hydrogen, of reliably eliminating the danger of trace amounts of gas gradually accumulating in an electrolytic solution circulation line and reaching the hydrogen explosion limit. The electrolysis apparatus 1 is characterized in that a gas phase region 21, in which hydrogen gas can exist in a gas phase, is provided with a positive electrode gas-feeding line 20, which is for feeding positive electrode gas to dilute the hydrogen gas concentration and which connects the gas phase region 21 with a positive electrode-side gas-liquid separation means. The electrolysis apparatus and electrolysis method dilute the hydrogen gas concentration in the gas phase region 21 with the positive electrode gas and reliably keep the hydrogen gas concentration below the lower explosion limit as a result of the positive electrode gas-feeding line 20 feeding at least a portion of the positive electrode gas to the gas phase region 21.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

Provided is an electrolysis device configured to use unpurified water containing traces of ions of alkaline earth metals such as Ca and Mg as raw water and supply the raw water to a cathode chamber, the electrolysis device being capable of preventing deposition of alkaline earth metal scale on the surface of a cathode provided in the cathode chamber. The electrolysis device and an apparatus for producing electrolyzed ozonated water are characterized in that: the electrolysis device and the apparatus for producing electrolyzed ozonated water comprise a molded electrolysis cell in which a membrane-electrode assembly comprising a solid polymer electrolyte separation membrane comprising a cation exchange membrane and an anode and a cathode adhered to the respective surfaces thereof is compressed from both sides so that the solid polymer electrolyte separation membrane, the anode and the cathode are tightly adhered to one another; a porous, flexible, conductive metal material having a large number of fine voids therein is used as the cathode; and the fine voids in the cathode accumulate scale mainly made of alkaline-earth metal hydroxides to prevent localized deposition of the alkaline-earth metal hydroxides on the contact interface between the cathode and the solid polymer electrolyte separation membrane.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C02F 1/46 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
• C25B 1/13 - Ozone
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous

Abstract

Provided is a water treatment system using an alkaline water electrolysis device and an alkaline fuel cell that, by continuing electrolysis treatment: efficiently circulate and use, in the water treatment system, the hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, water in an amount corresponding to the water feedstock that disappears as a result of the electrolysis, and electrolyte solution that are necessary in the alkaline water electrolysis device and the alkaline fuel cell; and significantly reduce the electric power used. The present invention is a water treatment system using an alkaline water electrolysis device and an alkaline fuel cell, wherein: the alkaline water electrolysis device and alkaline fuel cell are linked; the volume of the water feedstock is reduced by the alkaline water electrolysis device; the oxygen gas and hydrogen gas generated from the alkaline water electrolysis device are supplied to the alkaline fuel cell; power is generated by the alkaline fuel cell using the oxygen gas and hydrogen gas; electric energy and water are collected; and the collected electric energy is supplied to the alkaline water electrolysis device as a power source therefor.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 11/12 - Electrodes based on carbon
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation
• G21F 9/06 - Processing
• H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group
• H01M 8/00 - Fuel cellsManufacture thereof
• H01M 8/0606 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
• H01M 8/10 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes

Abstract

The diaphragm according to the present invention is provided with a porous support and a polymer porous film impregnated in the support from one surface of the support. When one surface of the porous film is specified as A, the surface on the reverse side thereof from the surface A is specified as B, a cross section of the porous film parallel to the surface A and the surface B is specified as the cross section C, the average pore diameter in the surface A is specified as DA, the average pore diameter in the surface B is specified as DB, and the average pore diameter in the cross section C is specified as DC, the average pore diameter DA and the average pore diameter DB are essentially the same, and the average pore diameter DC is greater than the average pore diameter DA and the average pore diameter DB. When a cross section or surface parallel to the surface A and the surface B in an impregnated region of the porous film is specified as face S, and the average pore diameter in the face S is specified as DS, the average pore diameter DS is equal to or greater than the average pore diameter DA or the average pore diameter DB and is less than a lower-limit value of the bubble diameter distribution of bubbles generated at an electrode in alkaline water electrolysis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
• C25B 1/10 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in diaphragm cells
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials

Abstract

Provided are: an apparatus for producing an organic hydride, which is capable of having a reduction reaction of an organic compound having an unsaturated bond at the cathode proceed with high current efficiency with a small electric unit; and a method for producing an organic hydride, which uses this apparatus for producing an organic hydride. This apparatus for producing an organic hydride is provided with: a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 11 having proton conductivity; a cathode 12 which is provided on one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 11 and generates a hydride by reducing a substance to be hydrogenated; a cathode chamber 13 which contains the cathode 12, and to which the substance to be hydrogenated is supplied; an electrode catalyst-containing anode 14 which is provided on the other surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 11 and generates protons by oxidizing water; and an anode chamber 15 which contains the anode 14, and to which an electrolyte solution is supplied. The substance to be hydrogenated is supplied through the lower end of the cathode chamber 13, and this apparatus comprises a hydride outlet 18 through which the product and the like are discharged from the upper end of the cathode chamber 13. At least one partition 12d having a width of 0.1 mm or more is formed within the cathode chamber 13.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 3/04 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds by reduction
• C25B 9/10 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms including an ion-exchange membrane in or on which electrode material is embedded

Abstract

Provided is an oxygen-generating anode which operates stably and at a low overvoltage, and which is suitable for use in a device for electrolytic synthesis of an organic chemical hydride. An oxygen-generating anode 10 for generating oxygen in a sulfuric acid aqueous solution in which a substance to be hydrogenated is dissolved at a concentration higher than 1 mg/L, wherein an anode substrate 10a comprises a valve metal, and an anode catalyst layer 10b including at least one of an oxide, nitride, or carbide of indium and at least one of an oxide, nitride, or carbide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of group 4, 5, and 13 elements of the periodic table is formed on the surface of the anode substrate 10a.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/10 - Electrodes based on barrier-type metals, e.g. titanium
• C25B 3/04 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds by reduction

Abstract

Provided is an electrolytic cell for production of organic chemical hydrides which allows the reduction of an organic compound containing an unsaturated bond to proceed in a cathode at a high current efficiency and a low power consumption rate. The electrolytic cell (10) for production of organic chemical hydrides comprises: a proton-conductive solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11); a cathode (12) that is provided on one side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11) and reduces a material to be hydrogenated, thereby generating a hydride; a cathode compartment (13) which contains the cathode (12) and into which the material to be hydrogenated is supplied; an electrode catalyst-containing anode (14) provided on the other side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11) and oxidizes water, thereby generating protons; and an anode compartment (15) which contains the anode (14) and into which an electrolytic solution is supplied. The cathode (12) side and/or the anode (14) side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11) is hydrophilized.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 3/04 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds by reduction
• C25B 9/10 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms including an ion-exchange membrane in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials

Abstract

The present invention is a method for treating tritium-water-containing raw water, the method comprising supplying, to a circulation tank, some of the tritium-water-containing raw water stored in a storage tank, mixing the raw water with alkaline water in the circulation tank to obtain an electrolytic solution regulated so as to have a desired alkali concentration, and continuously electrolyzing the electrolytic solution while circulating the electrolytic solution, thereby subjecting the raw water stored in the storage tank to alkaline-water electrolysis and thus gasifying the raw water. According to the invention, by gasifying tritium-water-containing raw water by alkaline-water electrolysis, the tritium concentration in a tritium-containing hydrogen gas is lowered to 1/1,244 and the tritium-water-containing raw water can be reduced in volume.

IPC Classes  ?

• G21F 9/06 - Processing
• G21F 9/02 - Treating gases
• G21F 9/08 - Processing by evaporationProcessing by distillation

Abstract

Provided is an electrolysis cathode that shows excellent cost-efficiency, in which the used amount of expensive cathode catalyst component applied to a base material is effectively reduced without degrading the cathode performance, and that can also reduce an increase in the consumed amount of the cathode catalyst, which has heretofore occurred in long-term electrolysis. Provided is an electrolysis cathode comprising an electroconductive base material having a large number of intersections, such as metal gauze, and made of nickel or the like, and a cathode catalyst layer containing a catalyst component, such as platinum, formed by applying a coating solution to the base material and drying and solidifying the coating solution. At the intersections of the base material, there is no recognizable portion where the deposit of the coating solution is solidified, or even if there is, the solidified portion has a reticular cross-sectional shape with pores, and the average porosity of the solidified portion is 15% or higher. Also provided is a simple method for producing an electrolysis cathode, wherein a cathode catalyst layer is formed after preheating a base material to 43-120 °C immediately before applying a coating solution thereto.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 11/06 - Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material by the catalytic materials used
• C25B 11/08 - Noble metals

Abstract

　An organic-hydride-manufacturing device (10) according to a aspect of the present invention has an electrochemical cell provided with an anode (12) on one surface of an electrolyte film (11) and a cathode on the other surface of the electrolyte film (11), the cathode comprising a cathode catalyst layer (13) and a cathode diffusion layer (14). A gap is formed between the anode (12) and the electrolyte film (11). The anode (12) has a mesh structure with an aperture ratio of 30-70%, and has an electrifying supporting material formed of an electron conductor, and the electrode catalyst, which is held in the electrifying supporting material.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C07C 5/10 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of aromatic six-membered rings
• C07C 13/18 - Monocyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with a six-membered ring with a cyclohexane ring
• C25B 3/04 - Electrolytic production of organic compounds by reduction
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C25B 15/04 - Regulation of the inter-electrode distance

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an electrolytic electrode, the method capable of appropriately controlling the amount of an electrode catalyst component as desired and also capable of manufacturing a high-performance electrolytic electrode in a cost-effective and efficient way without affecting the electrode performance. A method for manufacturing an electrolytic electrode including a step of forming an electrode catalyst layer on each of a front and a back of a conductive electrode substrate, by applying a coating solution containing a starting material for the electrode catalyst component on the front of the conductive electrode substrate with a plurality of holes, the conductive electrode substrate being expanded mesh or the like, and thereafter drying and firing the coating solution, wherein the substrate contains at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr, Hf, and Ni, and alloys thereof, the electrode catalyst component contains at least one selected from the group consisting of Pt, Ir, Ru, Pd, Os, and oxides thereof, and an amount of the electrode catalyst component adhering to the back of the substrate is controlled by preheating the substrate to a temperature higher than room temperature at least once before the coating solution is applied and/or by presetting the temperature to which the substrate is preheated in the electrode catalyst layer-forming step.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
• C23C 18/06 - Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
• C23C 18/08 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of metallic material
• C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
• C23C 18/16 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by reduction or substitution, i.e. electroless plating

Abstract

A diaphragm (90) for alkaline water electrolysis is configured of: a polymer porous layer (91) which contains at least one polymer compound that is selected from among polyethersulfones and polysulfones, each having a contact angle of 20-90°; and an organic fiber fabric layer (92) that is bonded to the polymer porous layer (91). The polyethersulfones having a contact angle of 20-90° are one or more polymer compounds that are selected from the group consisting of polyethersulfones, hydrophilic polyethersulfones, cationic polyethersulfones and cationic hydrophilic polyethersulfones. The polysulfones having a contact angle of 20-90° are one or more polymer compounds that are selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, hydrophilic polysulfones, cationic polysulfones and cationic hydrophilic polysulfones.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
• C08J 9/28 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis, capable of producing hydrogen by using water electrolysis using power having high output fluctuation, such as renewable energy, said positive electrode having high durability against output fluctuation. The positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis comprises: a conductive base body containing nickel or a nickel-base alloy on at least the surface thereof; and a lithium-containing nickel oxide catalyst layer formed on the base body surface. The positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis is characterized by the molar ratio (Li/Ni) between the lithium and nickel in the catalyst layer being within the range of 0.005-0.15.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/06 - Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material by the catalytic materials used
• B01J 23/78 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water

Abstract

The present invention provides a membrane-electrode assembly which includes: at least one rod-form or tubular electrode; a tubular diaphragm disposed around the periphery of the electrode; and a wire-form counter electrode disposed around the periphery of the diaphragm, the diaphragm being fixed to the rod-form or tubular electrode with the wire-form counter electrode to thereby form an electrode chamber having a gas/liquid passage between the diaphragm and the rod-form or tubular electrode.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25D 17/00 - Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• A61L 2/00 - Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lensesAccessories therefor
• A61L 2/18 - Liquid substances
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C25B 1/13 - Ozone
• C25B 11/02 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
• C02F 1/66 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisationTreatment of water, waste water, or sewage pH adjustment

Abstract

Provided are an electrolytic cathode structure that can suppress the degradation of an activated cathode even if a reverse current flows upon the stoppage of operation of an electrolyzer in an electrode structure allowing the distance between the electrode and an electrode current collector to be maintained at an approximately constant value, and an electrolyzer using the same. The electrolytic cathode structure includes a metal elastic cushion member 1 compressed and accommodated between an activated cathode 2 and a cathode current collector 3. At least a surface layer of the cathode current collector 3 consumes a larger oxidation current per unit area than the activated cathode. The electrolyzer is partitioned by an ion exchange membrane into an anode chamber for accommodating an anode and a cathode chamber for accommodating a cathode. The electrolytic cathode structure is used for the cathode.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C25B 11/00 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
• C25C 7/02 - ElectrodesConnections thereof
• C25C 7/04 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements
• C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous

Abstract

The present invention provides an ozone generator comprising an anode and a cathode provided on each side of a fluororesin type cation exchange membrane, the anode being a conductive diamond electrode having conductive diamond on the surface, wherein water is supplied to an anode compartment, DC current is supplied between the anode and the cathode to electrolyze water to evolve ozone from the anode compartment and hydrogen from a cathode compartment, the conductive diamond electrode comprising a substrate having a plurality of convexo-concave and a conductive diamond film coated on the surface of the substrate is applied as the conductive diamond electrode, and a close packed layer of ion exchange resin particles or the fluororesin type cation exchange membrane with notch is closely adhered to the surface of the anode side of the fluororesin type cation exchange membrane.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/13 - Ozone
• C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
• C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
• C25B 11/12 - Electrodes based on carbon
• C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• C01B 13/11 - Preparation of ozone by electric discharge
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C02F 103/02 - Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply