Abstract

A modular pre-fabricated composite panel (10) comprising a shell (12) made from formed sheet and cast-in lightweight concrete (14) filling the shell (12). The shell (12) shape comprises a main rectangular plate (20), a first end profile (22) at one edge of the main plate (20) (typically an upper edge or a side edge), and a second end profile (24) at an opposite edge of the main plate (20) (typically a lower edge or an opposite side edge). The other edges (28) of the main plate (20) are open edges (28), which are to be closed by end plates (42). The main plate (20), the first end profile (22), the second end profile (24) and the end plates (42) together form an internal space (26) therebetween which is filled with the lightweight filling (14). Connection sockets (36) are provided to the composite panels (10) to form perpendicular fixing means extending between the main plate (20) and the flat open face (32). The connection sockets (36) with the fixing means are used to join the panels (10) to other panels (10) for forming an assembly, or for fixing a panel (10) to another structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• E04C 2/08 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of metal, e.g. sheet metal
• E04B 1/14 - Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped or slab-shaped elements the elements being composed of two or more materials
• E04B 1/35 - Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
• E04B 1/61 - Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
• E04B 2/86 - Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
• E04C 2/04 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like materialBuilding elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of asbestos cement
• E04C 2/06 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like materialBuilding elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of asbestos cement reinforced
• E04C 2/20 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the likeBuilding elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of plasticsBuilding elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of foamed products of plastics
• E04C 2/34 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
• E04C 2/36 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
• E04C 2/38 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
• E04F 11/02 - StairwaysLayouts thereof
• E04F 11/09 - Tread-and-riser units
• E04F 11/112 - Treads of metal
• E04F 13/08 - Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elementsSub-structures thereforFastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
• E04G 9/06 - Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of metal
• E04G 11/02 - Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for rooms as a whole, whole storeys, or whole buildings
• E04G 17/00 - Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
• E04G 17/065 - Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
• E04G 17/14 - Bracing or strutting arrangements for formwallsDevices for aligning forms
• E04G 25/02 - Shores or strutsChocks non-telescopic

Abstract

A reservoir box (20) comprising an elongate hollow rectangular cross section body having sides walls (22), a bottom wall (24), and a top wall (25) which together define an internal volume (21) and open ends (31), wherein the side walls (22) include lateral connection formations (23) which are shaped and disposed to lock with the lateral connection formations of a laterally adjacent second box, and the side walls include vertical connection formations (26, 33) for connection of vertically stacked boxes.

IPC Classes  ?

• E03B 3/03 - Special vessels for collecting or storing rain-water for use in the household, e.g. water-butts
• E03F 1/00 - Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
• E02B 3/04 - Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
• B65D 21/02 - Containers specially shaped, or provided with fittings or attachments, to facilitate nesting, stacking, or joining together

Abstract

The invention in one aspect relates to an alternative concrete composite using the soil on site and gravel on site, mixed with cement and reinforcement pieces according to another aspect of the present invention. The use of the reinforcement pieces allows the alternative concrete composite using the available 'unclean' soil and gravel on site to be formed into structures as needed at a substantially reduced cost. The reinforcement pieces (10, 20) in one embodiment are made from plastics material, and are ideally made from recycled waste plastics material, shaped to include generally opposed hook or bar portions for embedding into the soil and concrete mix. In another embodiment, a single used tyre (600) can be recycled to form slit side tyre bead portions (310), cut-out tyre beads (300), recycled tyre mesh (220), or strands (612) as reinforcement pieces.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29B 17/00 - Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
• C04B 28/00 - Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
• C04B 20/00 - Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups and characterised by shape or grain distributionTreatment of materials according to more than one of the groups specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stoneExpanding or defibrillating materials
• E04C 5/07 - Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal

Abstract

A building panel (50) comprising a substantially planar first side (53) and a second side (54) having at least one formation (60), each formation (60) comprising a work surface (64) spaced from the first side (53).

IPC Classes  ?

• E04C 2/34 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
• E04C 2/32 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like materialBuilding elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
• E04C 2/38 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
• E04C 2/08 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of metal, e.g. sheet metal
• E04B 1/16 - Structures made from masses, e.g. concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, sub-structures to be coated with load-bearing material
• E04B 2/84 - Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
• E04G 9/06 - Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of metal
• E04G 11/36 - Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces
• E04G 17/04 - Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements