A sensor spot of an optochemical sensor for determining the concentration of an analyte in a medium, consisting essentially of a layered membrane consisting of: an analyte-permeable cover layer arranged to contact the medium during operation; a reflector layer that contains TiO2; an analyte-sensitive pigment layer, wherein the sensor membrane contains at least one luminescent dye, wherein the luminescence of the analyte-sensitive layer depends upon the concentration of the analyte; an aerogel layer, wherein the aerogel layer consists of a silicate aerogel; a glass substrate, wherein the glass substrate preferably consists of quartz glass. The present disclosure further relates a sensor cap containing the sensor spot and a sensor containing the sensor cap.
A method for determining a scattered light parameter, for example turbidity, in a medium using a measuring arrangement, the method including the steps of: transmitting excitation light into the medium, wherein the excitation light is scattered in the medium; receiving the light scattered in the medium; transmitting excitation light into the medium towards the medium surface, wherein the excitation light is reflected at the medium surface; receiving the light reflected from the medium surface; and determining the scattered light parameter, in particular turbidity, from the scattered light and reflected light. The present disclosure further discloses a measuring arrangement for performing the method.
A method for determining a scattered light parameter, for example the turbidity, in a medium using a measuring arrangement, for example a turbidity sensor, the method including the steps of: transmitting excitation light into the medium, wherein the excitation light is scattered in the medium; receiving the light scattered in the medium, resulting in an optical path of excitation light and scattered light; generating interference in the optical path; receiving the light now scattered in the medium; and determining the scattered light parameter, for example the turbidity, based on the scattered light, accounting for the influence of the interference. The present disclosure further discloses a measuring arrangement, for example a turbidity sensor, for performing the method.
A form seal for sealing a gap between a component inserted into a recess of a part exposed to the environment includes: an annular first sealing region for sealing a front region of the gap facing the environment, which comprises a front region adjoining a front side of the form seal, the external dimensions of which decrease in the direction of the front side; a second sealing region that projects inward on an inner side of the first sealing region complementary to a groove of the component; and a third sealing region for supporting the rear of the form seal, which adjoins the first sealing region on a side of the first sealing region facing away from the front side.
B23P 19/04 - Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformationTools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
F16J 15/02 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
5.
FIELD DEVICE AND SYSTEM COMPRISING THE FIELD DEVICE
An automation field device having a display unit with a user interface, or which makes a user interface available to a network participant via a communication connection, is provided. The field device is designed to carry out a plurality of different processes, where the field device is designed to output first information about a current first process together with second information about a second process via the user interface. The first information comprises a name and/or a description of the first process, and a first indicator of a remaining first time period until completion of the first process or first process step, and where the second information includes a name and description of the second process, and a second indicator of a second time period until the second process is carried out.
An optical measuring arrangement for determining a measured variable in a medium includes: at least one light source which transmits excitation light into the water in the direction of the water surface, wherein the excitation light is converted into fluorescent light in the water and on the water surface; at least one photodiode which receives the fluorescent light from the water and from the water surface and converts the fluorescent light into an electrical signal; and a data processing unit which determines the measured variable from the electrical signal. A corresponding method for determining the measured variable in the medium uses the optical measuring arrangement.
A system call is provided from a measuring transducer having an app. The app executes threads at runtime. It is determined which system calls each thread is authorized to use, and which thread is executed in which process. The method includes: checking using a first matrix whether the thread uses the system call(s) to which it is authorized: if authorized, an execution of the system call takes place, if no, the app is terminated; checking using a second matrix whether a process calls those functions that a thread makes available to it: if authorized, an execution of the function takes place, if no, treatment as a firmware implementation error in the host takes place; and checking using a third matrix whether a process executes the threads assigned thereto: if authorized, the thread is executed by the process, if no, treatment as a firmware implementation error in the host takes place.
A method for identifying a field device for automation technology includes providing an operator unit, which includes at least one order ticket with an access authorization for at least one of the field devices. The method also includes searching for accessible field devices with the operator unit using a wireless communications protocol. For each of the field devices accessible from the operator unit, a temporary communication connection between the operator unit and the relevant field deices is established using a wireless communications protocol, the order ticket is transmitted to the relevant field device, the access authorization for validity is checked by the field device, and the field devices that were able to successfully carry out the check for the validity of the access authorization are signaled.
G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
9.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPERATING AN AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY FIELD DEVICE VIA MACHINE-TO-MACHINE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN AN OPERATING UNIT AND THE FIELD DEVICE
A method for operating a field device between an operating unit and the field device includes creating an order ticket using a ticket server. The order ticket contains an authorization for the operating unit to carry out defined tasks on the field device and information on the temporal validity. The method also includes transferring the order ticket to an operating unit and to the field device. The operating unit is registered with the field device if the field device verifies the order ticket is valid. If the order ticket is successfully verified, execution of the tasks defined in the order ticket on the field device is authorized for a predetermined period of time, which has an end point that is determined by the information on time validity contained in the order ticket. The authorization is automatically terminated by the field device after the predetermined period of time has elapsed.
A measuring system comprises a first transmitter and a second transmitter. First sensors are connected to the first transmitter, and the first transmitter is designed to receive and process first data from the first sensors. Second sensors are connected to the second transmitter, and the second transmitter is designed to receive and process second data from the second sensors The two transmitters are wirelessly in communication with one another. The first transmitter is designed to transfer at least a portion of the first data to the second transmitter and the second transmitter is designed to output and/or process the transferred first data, and/or the second transmitter is designed to transfer at least a portion of the second data to the first transmitter and the first transmitter.
H04Q 9/00 - Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
11.
METHOD FOR INTEGRATING A FIELD DEVICE INTO AN OPERATING SYSTEM OF AN AUTOMATION SYSTEM
A method for integrating a field device into an operating system is provided. The operating system includes a ticket server communicating with a transport medium. The ticket server and existing field devices process tickets, which contain a cryptographically secured item of information and transmit the created tickets to the transport medium, where the transport medium transmits the tickets to the recipient(s) and the recipient(s) check(s) the authenticity and integrity of the tickets. The method includes placing an order for the field device and generating registration data by a manufacturer's server. The registration data comprise identification information of the field device and a first cryptographically relevant item of information. The method also includes registering the field device as an existing field device on the ticket server. The registration data are transmitted to the ticket server and a second cryptographically relevant information of the ticket server is stored in the field device.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
12.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING THE USERS OF AN AUTOMATION ENGINEERING FIELD DEVICE
Managing field device users includes establishing a first communications link between a transport medium and user database and sending a ticket from the database to the transport medium via the first communications link. The ticket includes first user data, field device identification information, and second user data. The first user data cannot be processed by the field device and the second user data can be processed by the field device. The user is authenticated to the transport medium based upon the first user data. A field device specific operating telegram is created using the transport medium if the user has been authenticated, wherein the operating telegram contains the second user data. The operating telegram is sent to the field device via a second communications link, verifying the second user data, and granting access from the transport medium to the field device based upon valid second user data.
A method for verifying a first time recording unit of a field device that supplies the field device with a first date and/or a first time. The method includes receiving a ticket at the field device that comprises cryptographically secured information and a time stamp. The time stamp is obtained from a second time recording unit and contains a second date and/or second time. The method includes carrying out a trust assessment of the time stamp, wherein the trustworthiness of the second time recording unit is checked against the first time recording unit. If the trust assessment shows that the second time recording unit is more trustworthy than the first time recording unit, the method includes comparing the first date or the first time with the second date or the second time, and creating a warning message if a deviation greater than a predetermined factor is determined.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
14.
METHOD FOR BUILDING A MENU PAGE ON A HOST WITH A DISPLAY
The present disclosure discloses a method for building a menu page on a host with a display, wherein a field device, such as a sensor, is connected to the host. The method includes steps of creating a list for the host, with the list comprising at least one sensor-referenced parameter, transmitting the list from the host to the field device (subscribe), and transmitting the value of the at least one sensor-referenced parameter from the field device to the host as soon as the list is on the field device and as soon as the value of the at least one sensor-referenced parameter changes (stream). The method also includes building and displaying the menu page on the display with the current value of the at least one sensor-referenced parameter.
A method for exchanging a first sensor with a second sensor at a measuring point in a network-based measuring system comprises configuring the first sensor; storing the configuration of the first sensor with checksum and/or hash; exchanging the first sensor with the second sensor; and sending the stored configuration of the first sensor to the second sensor if the second sensor is to replace the first sensor; or sending the stored configuration of the first sensor to the second sensor if the second sensor is the same as the first sensor and the current configuration of the second sensor differs from the stored configuration of the first sensor; and assigning the original network address of the first sensor to the second sensor.
H04L 67/12 - Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
H04L 101/622 - Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses
16.
USING A TRAINED AI MODEL IN A PROCESS FOR USER MANAGEMENT OF FIELD DEVICES IN AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY
The present disclosure comprises a computer-implemented process for training an AI model, comprising providing training data, wherein the training data comprise input data and output data. The input data comprise identification and/or function data of a plurality of field devices, and the output data each comprise a result associated with the field devices as to whether or not logging into a user management system was permitted. The training data is fed to the AI model. The process also includes training the AI model using machine learning based upon the training data to identify one or more relationships between the identification and/or function data and the associated results, and using the trained AI model in a process for user management of field devices in automation technology.
A measuring arrangement for determining the electrical conductivity of a measuring fluid comprises a gradiometer including an excitation coil and a first and a second receiver coil. The first and second receiver coils and the measuring fluid are inductively coupled to the excitation coil. The measuring arrangement includes a measuring circuit for exciting the excitation coil, for detecting an electrical signal from the receiver coils, and for deriving the electrical conductivity of the measuring fluid from the signal. All coils consist of a conductive material that has a resistance temperature coefficient which at 20° C. is less than 3.93*10−3 K−1.
G01N 27/74 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables of fluids
18.
PROTECTIVE MEMBRANE SYSTEM FOR A ROD-SHAPED SENSOR AND SENSOR UNIT
The present disclosure relates to a protective membrane system for a rod-shaped sensor. comprising a membrane unit which is resilient and has a lattice structure, and a secondary fastening unit which is suitable for fastening the membrane unit to a rod-shaped sensor.
The present disclosure relates to a method for determining the necessity of an action and/or a success of an action involving water, especially drinking water, process water or waste water, including steps as follows: providing a retentate of a water filter present in a water conveying line, analyzing the retentate regarding at least one property and/or its chemical composition, and determining the necessity or success of the action and, in given cases, deriving the action from the analysis. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to a system including a means for providing the retentate of a water filter in a water conveying line and a measuring/analytical means for performing the analysis.
C02F 1/00 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
G01N 21/31 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
20.
METHOD FOR SETTING UP A MENU SYSTEM ON A TERMINAL, DEVICE, COMPUTER PROGRAM AND COMPUTER-READABLE MEDIUM
The present disclosure discloses a method for setting up a menu system on a terminal designed to display information from a sensor. The method includes providing a universal base set of menu elements designed to implement all use cases of the menu system, including the displaying of information and the editing of settings on a minimal system. The method also includes providing at least a first extended set and/or a higher-order extended set of menu elements, providing an alternative description for this solely using the base set of menu elements, and checking the technical capabilities of the terminal. Further, the method includes displaying the information on the terminal using the highest-order extended set for which the terminal has the technical capabilities, or displaying the information using the next-lowest extended set or the base set if the terminal is not able to display an extended set.
The invention discloses a calibration attachment for adjustment, calibration and/or for carrying out a functional check of an optical sensor, which is configured for measuring at least one measurement variable in a medium using light. The sensor is configured for emitting emission light of at least a wavelength in the range of 200-450 nm, comprising a housing and a body arranged in the housing wherein the body comprises praseodymium, and after excitation with the emission light, the body emits light with a longer wavelength. The invention also discloses a sensor arrangement comprising such a calibration attachment, and a use of same.
A method for monitoring the power consumption of a measuring point with a two-line structure comprises providing the measuring point with a measuring transducer and a sensor, wherein the measuring transducer has a loop input and a loop output connected via a current loop to a control center, wherein the measuring transducer is connected to the sensor for energy and data transmission; determining by the sensor a measured value; outputting by the measuring transducer a transmission current dependent on the sensor measured value at the loop output; determining by the control center a supply voltage provided between the loop input and the loop output of the measuring transducer; determining a supply power from the supply voltage and transmission current; determining a power consumption of the measuring transducer; comparing the power consumption with the supply power; and outputting user information dependent on the comparison.
A modular fitting for immersion in a medium includes: a cylindrical fitting tube configured to accommodate a sensor as to enable contact with the medium at a first end, wherein at the first end a protective basket with at least two tines is arranged; a crown nut including an external thread and at least two slots; a ring; and a cylindrical fitting base including an internal thread complementary to the external thread of the crown nut at a first end region of the fitting base and a stop at a second end region of the fitting base, wherein the ring is configured to be slipped over a cable connected to the sensor, wherein the fitting base is configured to accommodate and fix the ring via the crown nut, and wherein the fitting base and the fitting tube each comprise connecting means to releasably connect them securely to each other.
The present disclosure relates to an ion-selective half-cell comprising a carrier that extends in a sleeve-like manner along an axis and has a first open end and a second end opposite the first open end, an insert that extends in a sleeve-like manner along the axis and is arranged in the first open end, a membrane that is arranged in the first open end and at least partially in the insert in such a way that the first open end is closed by the membrane, an electrolyte that is arranged in the carrier and is in electrolytic contact with the membrane, and a lead that is arranged in the carrier and is in electrical contact with the electrolyte.
A device for measuring a measured variable of a medium includes: a measuring cell, through which the medium can flow, in the inner chamber of which a channel opens on an inlet side and on an outlet side; a first duct opening into the inner chamber; a first component in the first duct such that an end portion of the first component projects into the inner chamber; and a first molded part, which surrounds on the end portion of the first component and a hollow chamber adjacent to the first component in the inner chamber, and includes, for each channel, a recess which connects the hollow chamber to the corresponding channel and is configured as a cross-sectional converter.
An optochemical sensor for measuring luminescing analytes in a measurement medium includes a sensor housing, a light source, a functional element, a photodetector and a control unit, wherein the sensor housing includes a window suitable for coming into contact with the measurement medium, wherein the light source is configured to emit a stimulation signal in such a way that the stimulation signal is partially emitted onto the functional element and the stimulation signal is partially emitted through the window into the measurement medium as to stimulate a first analyte present in the measurement medium, wherein the functional element includes a reference dye that includes an inorganic material and is suitable for emitting a first luminescence signal upon stimulation with the first stimulation signal.
A fitting for accommodating a sensor includes: an outer housing extending along a first axis including a primary inlet and a primary outlet for medium to flow through the outer housing, a cleaning inflow, and a cleaning outflow; an inner housing extending along the first axis and moveable about the first axis between a measurement position and a service position, the inner housing including a sensor chamber with a secondary inlet and a secondary outlet, wherein the secondary inlet is fluidically connected to the primary inlet, and the secondary outlet is fluidly connected to the primary outlet when the inner housing is in the measurement position, and wherein the cleaning inflow is fluidically connected to the secondary inlet and the cleaning outflow is fluidically connected to the secondary outlet when the inner housing is in the service position; and a sealing unit between the outer housing and the inner housing.
An optochemical sensor for determining a measurement signal, which correlates with a concentration of an analyte of a measuring fluid, comprises: a sensor cap including a sensor spot, wherein the sensor spot contains at least one analyte-sensitive indicator dye and a state description indicator which reflects the aging state of the sensor spot; a radiation source to radiate excitation radiation onto the sensor spot and to excite a luminescence of the indicator dye; a radiation receiver to receive reception radiation emitted by the sensor spot; and a sensor circuit electrically connected to the radiation source and the radiation receiver and configured to control the radiation source and to generate, based on an intensity of luminescence and/or a phase angle of luminescence, a measurement signal representing the concentration of the analyte in the measuring fluid in contact with the sensor spot.
G01N 21/77 - Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
G01N 21/27 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection
A calibration attachment for adjusting, calibrating, and/or performing a functional check of an optical sensor, which is configured to measure at least one measured variable in a medium by light, wherein the sensor is designed to emit transmitted light of at least one wavelength in the range of 200-700 nm, in particular 200-500 nm, includes a housing and a body, which is arranged in the housing, wherein the body includes praseodymium and cerium, and wherein the body, after excitation with the transmitted light, emits light of a different, in particular longer, wavelength. A sensor arrangement includes such a calibration attachment and use thereof.
A measuring arrangement for determining a physical process variable, a state variable or a property of the measuring medium, in particular a concentration of one or more components contained in the measuring medium, wherein the measuring arrangement comprises at least one measuring cell having a measuring path and a measuring sensor, wherein the measuring cell comprises a gamma-sterilizable data memory having at least one data set that is specific to a memory cell, and a method for using the measuring arrangement.
A sensor element for an optochemical sensor includes: a luminescence indicator, whose luminescence can be quenched with oxygen; and scavenger units to deactivate singlet oxygen, forming a chemical reaction product by reacting with singlet oxygen, wherein the scavenger units are selected to be recovered by a decomposition reaction induced thermally, photochemically or by a pressure increase of the chemical reaction product formed by the reaction with singlet oxygen.
G01N 31/22 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
A method for calibrating a sensor of a sensor system during operation comprises determining several raw measured values to determine several analyte concentrations of the medium flow through the sensor, saving the raw measured values in the memory of the sensor system, analyzing the stored raw measured values by the control unit of the sensor system, selecting a first reference value from the stored raw measured values based on the analysis, wherein a first expected concentration is assumed for the at least first reference value, and converting the first reference value into a first analyte concentration using the conversion function.
The invention relates to a field device of automation technology, wherein the field device has at least one sensor designed to detect a physical, chemical, or biological variable of a process engineering process and/or at least one actuator designed to influence a physical variable of a process engineering process, or such a sensor and/or actuator is assigned to the field device, wherein the field device has at least one electronics unit for operating the field device, wherein at least two operating phases are defined in the field device, wherein one or more authorization information items are assigned to each of the operating phases, wherein the authorization information items define at least one user authorized to access the field device and/or at least one permitted operating action on the field device, and wherein the electronics unit is designed to operate the field device in a current operating phase, wherein the current operating phase is one of the defined operating phases, as well as to a method for safe operation of such a field device.
The present disclosure discloses a network-based measuring system, including a first sensor, at least one second sensor, and at least one intermediate unit, wherein the first and/or second sensor are electrically connected to the intermediate unit via a connection. The first and second sensors are supplied with power via the connection and data is exchanged bidirectionally. The connection comprises a network-based protocol, wherein the intermediate unit is connected to a higher-level unit, wherein the first and second sensors exchange data with one another without knowledge of the higher-level unit.
A modular measuring cell for analytical technology includes: two or more successively arranged and interconnected individual modules, wherein the individual modules are each: flow-through measuring cells include a flow channel with a measuring chamber between inflow and outflow openings; include first connecting elements with an axisymmetrical arrangement on outer surfaces; and include at least one opening for the installation of a sensor for measuring chemical and/or physical properties of a fluid flowing through the measuring cell; and an adapter arranged between adjacent individual modules, which adapter includes a fluid-connecting passage opening and connects the flow channels of the successive individual modules to form a main line channel, wherein the adapter includes second connecting elements having an axisymmetrical arrangement, wherein the first and second connecting elements are complementary to each other, wherein the individual modules are connectable to each other by a predetermined number of orientations about the axis of symmetry.
A method for manufacturing a sensor element for a potentiometric sensor includes: forming a glass layer made of an electrically insulating glass on a surface of a base body, in particular a base body made from an electrically insulating material; arranging a substrate made of copper or a copper-based alloy having a mass fraction of at least 60% copper on the glass layer; covering the substrate arranged on the glass layer with a glass body, for example a glass plate, made of an ion-selective, in particular pH-selective, glass; and subsequently controlling the temperature of the arrangement of the base body, substrate and glass body thus formed in such a way that the substrate is integrally bonded to the glass body made of the ion-selective glass and the glass layer on the surface of the base body.
A measuring transducer comprises at least two slots, at least one module that is associated with a slot, and a data processing unit with a memory. The data processing unit is designed to read out whether and to which slot the module is assigned, and is designed to generate a unique code for the measuring transducer assembly on the basis of the module and the determined slot. One digit of the code is assigned to each slot. Also disclosed is a method having such a measuring transducer.
An assembly for receiving a sensor to measure at least one measurand of a medium in a container includes: a housing having an immersion portion including a first opening and a second opening opposite the first opening; a rotatable valve body which includes a first valve body opening and a second valve body opening opposite the first valve body opening and forms a channel, wherein a service chamber is formed between the first and second valve body openings, wherein, in a first position of the valve body, the first opening, the second opening, the first valve body opening and the second valve body opening collectively form an opening to enable a flow through the service chamber and, when the valve body is in a second position, to block the flow through the service chamber; and a head plate including a first flushing connection and a second flushing connection.
An electronics housing comprises a housing cover and/or a housing body for delimiting a receiving space, and an electronics module arranged therein, wherein the electronics module has a plug connector socket accessible from outside the electronics housing for receiving a plug connector plug of a data cable, wherein the electronics housing has a pull tab integrated into the plug connector socket or upstream of the plug connector socket on the outside, for releasing the plug connector latched connection between the plug connector socket and the plug connector when the pull tab is pulled.
H05K 5/02 - Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus Details
H01R 13/633 - Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure for disengagement only
40.
MEASURING DEVICE FOR MEASURING AT LEAST ONE MEASURAND OF A MEDIUM
A measuring device for measuring a measurand of a medium includes a measuring cell, a measuring cell receptacle for holding the measuring cell, and a measuring apparatus for measuring the measurand, wherein the measuring cell includes a measurement chamber containing the medium and a reference chamber separate from the measurement chamber and containing a reference medium. The measurement chamber and the reference chamber are arranged relative to one another such that the measuring cell can be inserted into the measuring cell receptacle in a measuring position, in which measurements of the measurand of the medium can be performed by means of the measuring apparatus, and can be inserted into the measuring cell receptacle in a reference position, in which reference measurements of a reference variable of the reference medium in the reference chamber can be performed by means of the measuring apparatus.
A method for calibrating an amperometric sensor at a stationary measuring point, comprises the following steps: providing a mobile calibration device comprising a stabilized calibration fluid at the stationary measuring point; activating the stabilized calibration fluid and providing an activated calibration fluid; calibrating the amperometric sensor by means of the activated calibration fluid; and a mobile calibration device.
A method of measuring measurands of a medium with a set of sensors installed in proximity to each other at a measuring point is described. The method comprises: with each sensor determining measured values of one of the measurands and parameter values of a parameter, wherein the same parameter is measured by each of the sensors. Based on the measured values and the parameter values, parameter compensated measurement results of each measurand are determined and provided. Based on the parameter values determined by all sensors, at least one parameter property exhibited by the parameter at the measuring point is determined. The method also includes monitoring the parameter measurements for each parameter property and detecting an impairment of the parameter measurements when the parameter values provided by the sensors become non-compliant to a criterium defined for the parameter values based on the parameter property, and providing a corresponding monitoring result.
The present disclosure discloses a TOC analyzer for determining a carbon content of a sample, comprising a reservoir vessel having a sample feed line and at least one sample removal line to a high-temperature furnace, a stirrer for stirring the sample in the reservoir vessel and at least one inlet for introducing CO2-free gas into the sample in the reservoir vessel. The high-temperature furnace vaporizes and/or oxidizes the introduced sample at a high temperature so as to form water vapor and carbon dioxide gas. An analysis unit determines the carbon content of the sample on the basis of the carbon dioxide gas produced from the vaporization and/or oxidation of the sample. A data processing unit which is designed at least to control the inflow and outflow of the sample from and into the reservoir vessel or the high-temperature furnace, and to determine the carbon content of the sample.
G01N 1/44 - Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
G01N 1/38 - Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
G01N 21/3504 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
An electrochemical sensor comprising a probe immersible in a measured medium and having at least two electrodes of a first electrically conductive material and at least one probe body of a second, electrically non-conductive material. The electrodes are at least partially embedded in the probe body and insulated from one another by the probe body, wherein the at least two electrodes are embodied of at least one conductive material and the probe body of at least one electrically insulating ceramic, wherein the electrodes are embodied of thin, measuring active layers of a conductive material and sit in an end face of the probe body of a ceramic material, and wherein the electrodes are electrically contacted via connection elements extending through the probe body.
An optical measuring system for determining a measured variable in a medium includes a light source and a container with medium. The light source radiates measuring light into the container on a first light path, wherein the measuring light is converted into reception light as a function of the measured variable and radiates reference light past the container on a second light path. A diffusion disk is arranged between the container and a receiver, wherein the diffusion disk is configured and arranged such that the reception light impinges on the receiver through the diffusion disk. The diffusion disk is configured such that the reference light impinges on the receiver through the diffusion disk. The receiver receives the reception light and the reference light, and a data processing unit connected to the light source and to the receiver determines the measured variable from the measuring light and the reception light.
G01N 21/25 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
G01N 21/27 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection
The present disclosure discloses a calibration vessel for an optical immersion sensor to be calibrated, which is designed for measuring, calibrating and/or adjusting a measured variable. The calibration vessel includes a housing having a repeatably tightly sealable opening for introducing the optical immersion sensor. The housing provides a value for a calibration solution. The opening comprises a guide for aligning and positioning the optical immersion sensor to be calibrated in all possible spatial degrees of freedom, wherein the housing is designed such that the influence of the interactions between the light, emitted and received by the sensor, and the housing wall, in particular as a result of scattering, absorption, reflection, phosphorescence and fluorescence, on the measured value that can be ascertained by the sensor is minimal, wherein the volume of the calibration solution is minimized at the same time.
A regenerative limiting circuit for potentially explosive areas, for supplying energy to a sensor and for data communication with a sensor, has an input unit, a first limiting unit, a second limiting unit, a monitoring unit, a high-voltage unit, a node unit, and a reference potential. The input unit has first and second data line connections, a supply line connection, and a zero line connection, each for connecting a connection cable. The first limiting unit is connected to the first data line connection, the second limiting unit is connected to the second data line connection and has a resistor and a Zener diode, wherein the Zener diode connects through to the reference potential in each case in the event of an overvoltage. The monitoring unit is connected to the first limiting unit and the second limiting unit, and is suitable for evaluating data.
A monitoring procedure for monitoring the quality of measurement spectra of a liquid medium continuously determined with a spectrometric sensor, which spectra in each case reproduce spectral values in a specified measurement wavelength range, is described with which: for each measurement spectrum, a quality parameter of the respective measurement spectrum is determined in each case based upon at least one characteristic value calculated in each case based upon the spectral values of the respective measurement spectrum, wherein each characteristic value for each measurement spectrum is determined in each case based upon the spectral values of the respective measurement spectrum in a range, specified for the respective characteristic value, of the measurement wavelength range, and, based upon the quality parameters, those measurement spectra which have spectral values that are impaired by a disturbance are identified as outliers.
A system and method for forming a membrane on an immersion tube for an electrochemical sensor comprise a step of providing a first immersion tube having a first opening and a second opening, and an apparatus having a melting system, a positioning system, an imaging apparatus, a pressure supplier, a control system. The melting system includes a heating means and a crucible containing a melt. The positioning system is suitable to move the first immersion tube relative to the crucible, such that the first opening of the first immersion tube is immersed in the melt. The imaging apparatus includes a camera, which is temperature sensitive and is arranged such that it can see the melt. The pressure supplier is connected air tightly with the first opening of the first immersion tube. The control system is connected with the melting system, the positioning system, the imaging apparatus and the pressure supplier.
A measuring device includes: a measuring cell, which can be manufactured cost-effectively and is easy to handle, insert and/or replace; a measuring cell receptacle for receiving the measuring cell, which is or can be clamped in the measuring cell receptacle; and a sensor for measuring for measuring at least one measured variable for a medium located in the measurement chamber or flowing through the measurement chamber of the measuring cell. The measuring cell includes a measurement chamber through which the medium can flow or which can be filled with a medium and a spring system with which the measuring cell can be clamped in the measuring cell receptacle in at least one clamping direction relating to a measurement chamber axis of the measurement chamber.
Described is a method for measuring one or at least two measurands of a transparent medium, in which method pictures of a pattern are taken by means of a camera through a volume of predetermined shape of the medium, and measured values of the measurand(s) are determined and made available on the basis of effects of the volume of the medium on the pictures of the pattern, said effects being characteristic of the measurand(s) and dependent on the value thereof. Furthermore, a sensor is described which is designed to carry out this method.
A measuring cell for performing optical measurements of a medium disposed in the measuring cell includes: recesses extending through a first outer wall and a second outer wall of the measuring cell; and two window mounts, each with a transparent window therein and each including outward protruding projections configured to be inserted a corresponding recess at a selected installation depth, wherein a wall of the measuring cell that surrounds the recess includes on an inside, for each selectable installation depth, one set of contact surfaces arranged around the recess in a radial direction such that the projections of the window mount seat on the contact surfaces of the corresponding set, which are arranged in an axial direction such that the window mount is arranged in the recess at the selected installation depth.
A method for remote control of an app for measuring, calibrating, and/or adjusting a sensor in process automation technology includes connecting the sensor to a handheld measuring device having at least one operating button; establishing a data connection from the handheld measuring device to a mobile device, wherein an app is executed on the mobile device; actuating the operating button and transmitting the function or data stored in the operating button to the app of the mobile device via the data connection; and processing the function or data in the app.
The present disclosure discloses a method for converting a measuring system of a first type to a second type. The measuring system includes two subsystems, namely a sensor and an end application, wherein each subsystem is designed to be app-capable, i.e., the firmware of each subsystem is designed to receive, install, and execute apps. The method includes the steps of creating sub-apps for the respective subsystem, where the sub-apps are specific to the measuring system of the second type, creating a multipart app comprising all the sub-apps, and installing the multipart app onto the measuring system.
A method for creating a menu structure on a measuring transducer of process automation technology includes a step of transmitting an app to the measuring transducer, wherein the firmware of the measuring transducer is designed to receive and store apps. The app comprises at least program code with an app-specific menu structure, and the app-specific menu structure comprises at least one root page as the top hierarchical menu page. The method also includes combining the app-specific menu structure with a measuring-transducer-specific menu structure to form a common menu structure. The measuring-transducer-specific menu structure is located in the measuring transducer and uses a placeholder comprising one or more anchor points, wherein the placeholder defines where the app-specific menu structure is integrated into the measuring-transducer-specific menu structure. The anchor point comprises a reference to the root page and the entire app-specific menu structure is integrated below the latter.
An apparatus for the automated production of glass assemblies includes: a turning machine with at least two spindles, which are rotatable about a common axis of rotation and which each have a workpiece holder, wherein the workpiece holders are arranged opposite one another; one or more gas burners or lasers fixed on a first tool carriage which is movable in parallel and/or perpendicularly to the axis of rotation; one or more drives for driving a rotational movement of the spindles and a movement of the first tool carriage; a pressure module including a pump device at least one working cylinder for applying a pressure to an inner tube and/or to a space between the inner tube and an outer tube; and a control unit configured to control the burners or lasers, one or more drives, the first tool carriage and the pressure module.
A method in a transmitter-sensor system for detection of a missing or faulty sensor configuration when connecting a sensor to a transmitter, comprises: retrieving first information concerning the transmitter by the sensor from the transmitter; checking by an electronics of the sensor, whether second information concerning the transmitter is stored in a memory unit of the sensor; when the second information concerning the transmitter is stored in the memory unit of the sensor: retrieving the second information concerning the transmitter by the electronics of the sensor, and comparing the first information concerning the transmitter with the second information concerning the transmitter; and informing a user when the first information differs from the second information or when no second information is stored in the memory unit of the sensor. Disclosed also is a sensor and a transmitter.
A method for installing at least one optical element in an interior space of a housing includes: clamping a sensor assembly in an interior of the housing in at least one radial clamping direction extending perpendicularly to a centering axis using at least one elastic body, wherein the sensor assembly comprises at least one optical elements, wherein each respective elastic body is inserted into a recess, which extends parallel to the centering axis and is open towards the interior space, and is clamped there such that each of the at least one elastic bodies exerts a clamping force acting in the respective radial clamping direction on an outer edge of each of the at least one optical elements of the assembly adjacent thereto in the interior space of the housing and to be clamped in the housing.
G01N 21/41 - RefractivityPhase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
G01N 21/31 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
A sensor includes: a transmitting device which transmits radiation along a path to a medium, and a measuring device which receives measuring radiation resulting from an interaction of the transmitted radiation with the medium and determines a measurand of the medium, with which at least one property of the transmitted radiation interacting with the medium can be determined and/or monitored in a cost-effective, space-saving manner; a prism in the path, through which prism a first portion of the transmitted radiation propagates in the direction of the medium and at which a second portion of the transmitted radiation is reflected; and a reference detector which receives the second component reflected at the prism and provides an output signal representing at least one property of the second component of the transmitted radiation.
The present disclosure discloses a method for creating an app-capable basic system, such as an app-capable measuring transducer or an app-capable sensor, and a matching app, comprising the steps of: creating one or more interface methods with their name and version that the basic system expects from the app; creating one or more system calls with their name and version that the basic system offers the app; checking the interface methods and system calls for syntactic and semantic correctness; creating interface stubs for the basic system using the interface methods; creating system call stubs for the app using the system calls; creating the basic system using the system calls and interface stubs; and creating the app by means of the interface methods and the system call stubs.
An automatic sampling apparatus for taking liquid samples for the qualitative or quantitative determination of at least one analyte contained in the sample liquid includes a sample line that can be fluidically connected to the sampling station, a pump device, at least one sample container that can be fluidically connected to the sample line, and an electronic control system. The electronic control system is configured to fluidically connect the sample line to the sample container such that a fluid flow path extending from the sampling station through the sample line into the sample container is formed. The electronic control system is further configured to transport, using the pump device, a definable volume of the sample liquid, in the form of a liquid sample, along the fluid flow path into the sample container. The sampling apparatus is configured for concentrating or extracting the analyte present in the liquid sample.
The present disclosure discloses a method for creating an app-capable basic system, such as an app-capable measuring transducer or an app-capable sensor, and a matching app, comprising the steps of: creating one or more interface methods with their name and version that the basic system expects from the app; creating one or more system calls with their name and version that the basic system offers the app; checking the interface methods and system calls for syntactic and semantic correctness; creating interface stubs for the basic system using the interface methods; creating system call stubs for the app using the system calls; creating the basic system by means of the system calls and interface stubs; and creating the app by means of the interface methods and the system call stubs.
A preparation method for preparing spectrometric determinations of a measurand in a target application using a spectrometer is provided. On the basis of reference data recorded in the target application, a normalized measurand master spectrum with a spectral distribution characteristic of the measurand is determined. On the basis of the measurand master spectrum, synthetic spectra are generated which cover a value range greater than or equal to a value range covered by the reference values. On the basis of the synthetic spectra, information for carrying out the spectrometric determinations, including information comprising a property, a wavelength range, and/or a path length range for an optical path length suitable for carrying out the spectrometric determinations, and/or comprising a calculation rule, with which, on the basis of measurement spectra in the target application, measured values of the measurand are determined.
G01N 21/31 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
G01N 21/27 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection
64.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING A CARBON CONTENT OF A SAMPLE AND TOC ANALYZER
A method for determining a carbon content of a sample in a TOC analyzer, includes the steps of: directing a carrier gas from an inlet through a high temperature furnace to an analysis unit; stopping the flow of the carrier gas through the high temperature furnace; injecting the sample into the high temperature furnace, which is used to vaporize and/or oxidize the sample at a high temperature to form water vapor and carbon dioxide gas; waiting until the sample injected into the high temperature furnace is vaporized; starting the flow of the carrier gas through the high temperature furnace and thereby transporting the carbon dioxide gas produced during vaporization and/or oxidation of the sample to an analysis unit; and determining the carbon content of the sample by means of the analysis unit on the basis of the carbon dioxide gas produced during the oxidation of the sample.
G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
65.
Cleaning device for cleaning an outer portion of a sensor
A cleaning device for cleaning an outer portion of a sensor includes: a pump connected to an air supply line; a pressure accumulator connected to the pump in a housing of the cleaning device, which can be mounted on the sensor; and an exhaust air duct with a pressure-controlled valve connected to the pressure accumulator and connected to at least one nozzle which is aligned on the outer portion to be cleaned. The cleaning device is configured to perform pressure-surge cleaning operations in which air drawn in by the pump is compressed in the pressure accumulator, and the compressed air in the pressure accumulator is expelled as a pressure surge via the at least one nozzle when pressure exerted by the compressed air enclosed in the pressure accumulator exceeds a pressure value required to temporarily open the pressure-controlled valve.
The present disclosure relates to a sensor housing for a multi-parameter sensor, the sensor housing including: at least two connection points, wherein a first connection point is configured to receive a first sensor, and a second connection point is configured to receive a second sensor different from the first sensor, wherein the first connection point includes a first mistake-proofing feature for the first sensor, and the second connection point includes a second mistake-proofing feature for the second sensor, wherein the first and second mistake-proofing feature are configured such that only the first sensor can be inserted into the first connection point and only the second sensor can be inserted into the second connection point, respectively.
METHOD OF DETERMINING APPLICATION-SPECIFIC TOTAL PLAUSIBILITIES OF MEASURED VALUES OF AT LEAST ONE MEASURAND MEASURED BY A MEASUREMENT SYSTEM IN A SPECIFIC APPLICATION
A method of determining application-specific plausibilities of measured values of measurands measured by measurement devices in a specific application is disclosed, comprising the steps of: recording data including items of diagnostic information for the measurement devices and variable values of specified variables including each measurand; for each measurand determining a total plausibility of the current measured values of the measurand based on plausibility values determined based on plausibility criteria including a diagnostic criterium and an application-specific threshold criterium and based on reliability values indicative of a statistical reliability of current measured value(s) of the measurand; and providing the total plausibilities and/or a total plausibility index determined based on the total plausibilities.
The present disclosure relates to a process connection for connecting a sensor to a process inlet via a process seal and a fixing element. The process connection includes a sensor housing and a clamping element. The sensor housing has a housing body configured to receive the sensor and a housing collar that extends around the housing body and has a first sealing section, which encircles the housing body, and a contact area. The housing collar is formed integrally with the housing body. The first sealing section is suitable for receiving the process seal to connect the process inlet to the housing collar in a fluid-tight manner. The clamping element has a contact area which is suitable for coming into contact with the contact area of the housing collar to press the housing collar onto the process seal.
A circuit for an inductive conductivity sensor comprises: a secondary coil having a first coil terminal and a second coil terminal, a switch having a first switch terminal, a second switch terminal, a third switch terminal, a first potential terminal, and a control unit having a first control terminal and a second control terminal, wherein the first coil terminal is connected to the first control terminal and the second coil terminal is connected to the first switch terminal, wherein the second switch terminal is connected to the first potential terminal and the third switch terminal is connected to the second control terminal.
G01R 35/00 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
G01R 23/06 - Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rateArrangements for measuring period of current or voltage by converting frequency into an amplitude of current or voltage
G01R 23/12 - Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rateArrangements for measuring period of current or voltage by converting frequency into phase shift
G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants
70.
SENSOR FOR MEASURING A PH VALUE OF A MEASURING LIQUID
A sensor for measuring a pH value of a measuring liquid includes: a sensor element comprising a surface adapted to contact the measuring liquid; a radiation source configured to emit electromagnetic transmission radiation reaching the sensor element, wherein at least a portion of the transmission radiation is converted into measuring radiation by reflection and/or scattering in the region of the surface; a radiation receiver configured to receive the measuring radiation and convert it into electrical signals; and a measuring circuit connected to the radiation receiver and configured to determine a measured value representing the pH value of the measuring liquid from signals of the radiation receiver, wherein the surface adapted to contact the measuring liquid includes a pH-sensitive component and a SERS-active component.
A sensor for measuring a pH value of a measuring liquid includes: a sensor element including a surface adapted to the measuring liquid; a radiation source configured to emit electromagnetic transmission radiation to the sensor element, wherein at least a portion of the transmission radiation is converted into measurement radiation by reflection and/or scattering in a region of the surface; a radiation receiver configured to receive the measurement radiation and convert it into electrical signals; and a measuring circuit configured to determine the pH value from signals, wherein a wavelength of at least a portion of the transmission radiation generates charge carriers in at least a surface region or a near-surface region of the surface of the sensor element as to effect a photoelectrochemical reaction with formation of hydrogen at the surface.
The present disclosure relates to a method for determining a conductivity value of a measurement medium using a conductivity sensor. The method includes providing a conductivity sensor with at least one transmitting unit, at least one receiving unit, and a control unit having a storage module, and transmitting a stimulation signal into the measurement medium at the transmitting unit by the control unit. The method also includes receiving a detection signal at the receiving unit, determining a signal quality indicator by the control unit based on the detection signal, and determining a conductivity signal corresponding to the detection signal. The method further includes storing the conductivity signal, determining a dynamic factor by the control unit based on the conductivity signal, filtering the conductivity signal using a filter function depending on the determined signal quality indicator and the dynamic factor, and outputting a filtered measured value of the filtered conductivity signal.
The present disclosure relates to an optical sensor, comprising: a first circuit board having at least a data processing unit and an interface to a second circuit board, wherein the interface is connected with the data processing unit; and the second circuit board having an LED, a thermistor and a capacitor, which is connected in parallel with the thermistor, wherein the capacitor is embodied specifically for the LED, and an interface to the first circuit board, wherein LED, thermistor and capacitor are connected with the interface. The present disclosure relates also to a method for identifying an LED in an optical sensor.
The present disclosure relates to an electrochemical sensor for determining a measurand correlating with a concentration of an analyte in a measuring fluid, comprising: a sensor membrane designed to be in contact with the measuring fluid for detecting measured values of the measurand; a probe housing which has at least one immersion region designed for immersion into the measuring fluid, wherein the sensor membrane is arranged in the immersion region of the probe housing; and a measurement circuit which is at least partially contained in the probe housing and is designed to generate and output a measurement signal dependent on the measurand, wherein the sensor membrane contains an optically detectable substance for marking the sensor membrane.
The present disclosure includes an interface sensor for a sedimentation plant, the interface sensor including: a sound emitter configured for generating at least one first acoustic signal with a first frequency and for generating a second acoustic signal with a second frequency different from the first frequency; a sound detector configured for detecting at least one first signal response of the first acoustic signal and a second signal response of the second acoustic signal; and a control unit, wherein the control unit is connected to the sound emitter and the sound detector and is configured to evaluate the first signal response and the second signal response, to determine a floor distance, a sediment distance, a sediment thickness and a water level distance based on the first signal response and the second signal response, and to determine a water level based on the floor distance and the water level distance.
The invention relates to a method for producing a sensor element for a potentiometric sensor, comprising: conditioning at least one region of a substrate, which consists of copper or a copper-based alloy having a mass fraction of at least 60% of copper, for producing an oxide layer comprising monovalent copper (Cu(I)), and applying an ion-selective, in particular a pH-selective enamel layer at least onto the region of the substrate.
The present disclosure relates to a pH-sensor for determining and/or monitoring a pH value of a medium, having a sensor unit with a wall in contact with the medium, and at least one pH-sensitive material, which has at least one spin state that changes as a function of a pH value. The at least one pH-sensitive material is arranged in or on a region of the wall in such a way that the at least one spin state is subjected to a change in the pH value of the medium. The pH-sensor also includes a spin-sensitive unit, which is configured to detect a variable associated with the at least one spin state, wherein the spin-sensitive unit is arranged in an environment of the at least one pH-sensitive material such that the spin-sensitive unit is subjected to a change in the spin state of the at least one pH-sensitive material.
G01N 24/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
G01N 24/08 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using nuclear magnetic resonance
G01K 7/16 - Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat using resistive elements
88.
SENSOR ELEMENT FOR A POTENTIOMETRIC SENSOR AND PRODUCTION METHOD
The present disclosure relates to a sensor element for a potentiometric sensor, including a substrate and an ion-selective enamel layer arranged on the substrate. The substrate has at least one region which is electroconductively connected to the ion-selective enamel layer. The region of the substrate, which is electroconductively connected to the sensor layer, is made of a copper-based alloy having a mass fraction of at least 60% of copper.
A sensor arrangement includes a storage chamber comprising an interior space, containing a liquid, with an opening, a reference terminal lead which contacts liquid and can be connected to a superordinate unit, and a sensor tube comprising a sensitive region for detecting a measured quantity of the measuring medium and a measuring terminal lead. The sensitive region can be electrically connected to the superordinate unit. The sensor tube can be moved from a first position into a second position. The sensitive region is located in the interior space of the storage chamber in a first position and outside the storage chamber in the second position. The storage chamber, the opening, and the sensor tube, in the first position, are configured such that the reference/storage/calibration liquid is prevented from escaping from the interior space, and, in the second position, configured such a liquid transport is formed.
A cleaning unit for a sensor with a sensor housing and a drive shaft comprises a holding element which extends along an axis and is suitable for being mounted on the drive shaft so that the cleaning unit can be moved by the drive shaft and a wiper element which is fastened to the holding element and has a ring which axially surrounds the holding element, so that the ring is in contact with the sensor housing of the sensor when the holding element is mounted on the drive shaft, wherein the ring has at least one tooth which extends radially to the axis.
The present disclosure discloses a sensor holder for a flow sensor, comprising a substantially cylindrical housing with a housing interior with an opening at a first front face. The opening is designed to receive the flow sensor. The housing at the second front face, which is opposite the first front face, is conical. A first flushing opens to the housing interior, where the opening opens into the end region of the cone, and a second flushing opens to the housing interior. A fastening unit is designed to fasten the flow sensor in the housing, and a first wall holder is designed to be fastened to a wall. The first wall holder comprises a joint in the region of the second front face, with the joint connecting to the housing. The housing can be moved via the joint from a measurement position into a maintenance position.
A method for the quality inspection of an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic sensor comprising an ultrasonic transducer and carrying out the quality inspection method are described. The ultrasonic transducer comprises a housing having an electrically conductive layer extending at least over an inner surface of a housing wall of the housing, and a piezoelectric transducer arranged in the housing, the end face of which equipped with an electrode is connected to the electrically conductive layer by means of a dielectric coupling layer. According to the method, at least one quality inspection of the ultrasonic transducer is carried out, in which a capacitance of a capacitor comprising the electrode, the electrically conductive layer serving as the counter electrode, and the dielectric coupling layer as a dielectric is measured and a quality defect of the ultrasonic transducer is determined if the measured capacitance is outside a specified capacitance range.
G01H 11/06 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
H01L 41/053 - Mounts, supports, enclosures or casings
H01L 41/08 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements
G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants
A method for measuring an electrical conductivity of a medium with a conductive conductivity sensor with four electrodes includes measuring a first impedance dependent on a first total impedance of the first voltage electrode and a medium layer adjacent to the first voltage electrode, measuring a second impedance dependent on a second total impedance of the second voltage electrode and a medium layer adjacent to the second voltage electrode, and making a conductivity measurement using an alternating electrical signal introduced into the medium via the first current electrode and measuring a potential difference between the first voltage electrode and the second voltage electrode. Based on the measured potential difference, the first impedance, and the second impedance a corrected potential difference is determined. Based on the corrected potential difference, a measured conductivity is determined.
A sensor housing includes: a sensor body with at least one primary retainer arranged in the sensor body; a sensor cover with at least one secondary retainer, the sensor cover configured for arrangement on the sensor body such that the primary retainer and the secondary retainer are enclosed in the sensor body; and a locking unit including at least one locking element configured for releasably connecting the primary retainer and the secondary retainer, wherein the locking element includes a magnetizable material or a magnetic material and is mounted movably between a locking position, in which the locking element locks the primary retainer with the secondary retainer, and an opposing release position, such that the locking element can be moved between the locking position and the release position by an applied magnetic field.
An electrochemical sensor comprising a probe immersible in a measured medium and having at least two electrodes of a first electrically conductive material and at least one probe body of a second, electrically non-conductive material. The electrodes are at least partially embedded in the probe body and insulated from one another by the probe body, wherein the at least two electrodes are embodied of at least one conductive material and the probe body of at least one electrically insulating ceramic, wherein the electrodes are embodied of thin, measuring active layers of a conductive material and sit in an end face of the probe body of a ceramic material, and wherein the electrodes are electrically contacted via connection elements extending through the probe body.
The present disclosure relates to a method for operating a measuring point in process engineering, wherein at least one Lidar (light detection and transmission) system is used at the measuring point, comprising: acquiring spatial information from the surroundings of the measuring point by means of the Lidar system; extracting object information from the spatial information; and reconstructing and identifying objects on the basis of the object information and associating the object information with the reconstructed and identified objects.
The present disclosure relates to an optochemical sensor element comprising: a substrate layer having a first substrate side facing toward a measurement medium and an opposite second substrate side; a functional layer, on the first substrate side and having a first reference dye, an indicator dye, and a second reference dye, wherein the first reference dye comprises an inorganic material, is insensitive to pH, and is suitable to emit a first luminescence signal upon stimulation, wherein the indicator dye comprises an organic material and is sensitive to pH, and is suitable to emit a third luminescence signal upon stimulation, wherein the second reference dye comprises an organic material, is insensitive to pH, and has a passivated functional group, and is suitable to emit a second luminescence signal upon stimulation, wherein the substrate layer is transparent to the stimulation signal and the luminescence signals.
G01N 21/77 - Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
G01N 31/22 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
100.
Optical sensor element, optical oxygen sensor, and method for monitoring the function of an optical oxygen sensor
The present disclosure relates to an optochemical sensor element, comprising: a substrate layer having a first substrate side facing toward a measuring medium and a second substrate side opposite the first substrate side; a functional layer arranged on the first substrate side and is subdivided into functional segments separate from one another, wherein a first functional segment has a second reference dye and a second functional segment has an indicator dye, wherein the second reference dye comprises an organic material and is insensitive to oxygen, and is suitable to emit a second luminescence signal upon stimulation with a first stimulation signal, wherein the indicator dye comprises an organic material and is sensitive to oxygen, and is suitable to emit a third luminescence signal upon stimulation with the first stimulation signal, wherein the substrate layer is transparent to the stimulation signal and to the second and third luminescence signals.
G01N 21/77 - Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
