The disclosure relates to fixed-abrasive grinding plates, fixed-abrasive grinding tools formed therefrom, and related methods. The grinding plate generally has a composite structure with abrasive beads (e.g., beads with diamond abrasives), a porosity additive, and an inorganic filler and/or flux agent distributed throughout a binder matrix formed from a polymeric resin (e.g., a cured, thermoset resin) or a vitreous material (e.g., a fired, vitrified glass frit matrix).
B24D 3/18 - Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special natureAbrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings for porous or cellular structure
B24B 37/04 - Lapping machines or devicesAccessories designed for working plane surfaces
B24B 37/24 - Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the composition or properties of the pad materials
B24D 3/34 - Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special natureAbrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
C04B 35/63 - Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches using additives specially adapted for forming the products
B24D 18/00 - Manufacture of grinding tools, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
B24D 7/06 - Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front faceBushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
B24D 5/14 - Zonally-graded wheelsComposite wheels comprising different abrasives
B24D 5/06 - Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their peripheryBushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
A fixed abrasive three-dimensional plate includes micron size diamond beads or a mixture of abrasive particles and metal oxide beads, ranging in size from a few microns to a few tens of microns, incorporated into a matrix of one or more inorganic binders and fillers. The composition is formed into a rigid plate blank, and the abrasive plate is mounted on a substrate forming a lapping/polishing plate. The abrasive plate is capable of delivering high material removal rates coupled with reduced surface roughness when lapping/polishing advanced materials, including sapphire, titanium carbide reinforced alumina, silicon carbide, gallium nitride, aluminum nitride, zinc selenide, and other compound semiconductor materials, as well as, glass, ceramic, metallic, and composite workpieces. The diamond beads incorporated in the fixed abrasive three-dimensional plate include diamond particles ranging in size from a few nanometers to a few tens of microns, bonded with one or more inorganic binders and additives.
B24B 37/04 - Lapping machines or devicesAccessories designed for working plane surfaces
B24B 37/10 - Lapping machines or devicesAccessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool for single side lapping
B24B 37/00 - Lapping machines or devicesAccessories
9.
Fixed abrasive three-dimensional lapping and polishing plate and methods of making and using the same
A fixed abrasive three-dimensional plate includes micron size diamond beads or a mixture of abrasive particles and metal oxide beads, ranging in size from a few microns to a few tens of microns, incorporated into a matrix of one or more inorganic binders and fillers. The composition is formed into a rigid plate blank, and the abrasive plate is mounted on a substrate forming a lapping/polishing plate. The abrasive plate is capable of delivering high material removal rates coupled with reduced surface roughness when lapping/polishing advanced materials, including sapphire, titanium carbide reinforced alumina, silicon carbide, gallium nitride, aluminum nitride, zinc selenide, and other compound semiconductor materials, as well as, glass, ceramic, metallic, and composite workpieces. The diamond beads incorporated in the fixed abrasive three-dimensional plate include diamond particles ranging in size from a few nanometers to a few tens of microns, bonded with one or more inorganic binders and additives.
B24D 3/34 - Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special natureAbrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
B24B 37/04 - Lapping machines or devicesAccessories designed for working plane surfaces
B24B 7/24 - Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfacesAccessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain for grinding or polishing glass
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
07 - Machines and machine tools
08 - Hand tools and implements
Goods & Services
(1) Abrasive compounds, pastes and powders for polishing and precision surface finishing
(2) Power-operated tools for lapping and polishing; parts and attachments for power-operated lapping, polishing, and surface finishing equipment, namely, laps
(3) Hand-operated tools for lapping and polishing; hand laps
(4) Laps used for polishing and surface finishing.
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
07 - Machines and machine tools
08 - Hand tools and implements
Goods & Services
Abrasive compounds, pastes and powders for polishing and precision surface finishing Power-operated tools for lapping and polishing; parts and attachments for power-operated lapping, polishing, and surface finishing equipment, namely, laps Hand-operated tools for lapping and polishing; hand laps
12.
Surface etched diamond particles and method for etching the surface of diamond particles
A method is provided of etching a diamond particle including the step of heating the particle at a temperature of about 700° C. or greater in the presence of water vapor to form an etched particle. Also provided is an etched particle having a core and a surface. The core is formed of sp3 hybridized carbon atoms covalently bonded together, and the surface has substantially no chlorine atoms, oxygen atoms or oxygen species.
A method is provided of etching a diamond particle including the step of heating the particle at a temperature of about 700 °C or greater in the presence of water vapor to form an etched particle. Also provided is an etched particle having a core and a surface. The core is formed of sp3 hybridized carbon atoms covalently bonded together, and the surface has substantially no chlorine atoms, oxygen atoms or oxygen species.
A method and apparatus are provided for measuring the crushing strength of an abrasive, comprising particles, used in a lapping process. Embodiments include a crushing strength tester having a cup for holding the abrasive; a first motor for rotating the cup in a first direction; a piston having a face for rotatably fitting within the cup and contacting the abrasive; a second motor for rotating the piston in a second direction opposite the first direction; and a press for pressing the piston against the abrasive and crushing the particles while the first and second motors are rotating. An initial particle size distribution for the particles is determined, then the abrasive is subjected to a crushing force approximately equal to that of the lapping process using the crushing strength tester. A post-crushing particle size distribution for the particles is determined, and the initial and post-crushing particle size distributions are compared.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
Goods & Services
(1) Micronized diamond powder used in a variety of industries
(2) Abrasives made of precious or semi-precious stone dust used for polishing, cleaning, lubricating and finishing purposes; all purpose abrasive compounds, slurries, and cleaning fluids used for precision surface finishing
(3) Lubricants for precision surface finishing
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
Goods & Services
Micronized diamond powder used in a variety of industries; industrial minerals; minerals for use in the manufacture of abrasives. Abrasives; abrasives made of precious or semi-precious stone dust; all purpose abrasive compounds, slurries, and cleaning fluids used for precision surface finishing; abrasive compounds. Lubricants; lubricants for precision surface finishing.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
Goods & Services
Abrasives made of precious or semi-precious stone dust for use in the coating, application, integration and further manufacture of grinding, lapping, polishing, superfinishing, industrial and consumer tools and devices; micronized diamond powder used in a variety of industries; and all purpose abrasive compounds, slurries, and cleaning fluids used for precision surface finishing; and lubricants for precision surface finishing
Machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof, namely, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
Goods & Services
Micronized diamond powder used in a variety of industries. Abrasives; abrasives made of precious or semi-precious stone dust; all purpose abrasive compounds, slurries, and cleaning fluids used for precision surface finishing; abrasive compounds. Lubricants; lubricants for precision surface finishing. Machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof, namely vises, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters; parts, fittings and accessories for all the aforesaid goods.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
Goods & Services
Micronized diamond powder used in a variety of industries. Abrasive compounds; abrasives; abrasives made of precious or semi-precious stone dust; all purpose abrasive compounds, slurries, and cleaning fluids used for precision surface finishing. Lubricants; lubricants for precision surface finishing. Machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof, namely vises, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters; parts, fittings and accessories for all the aforesaid goods.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
Goods & Services
Micronized diamond powder used in a variety of industries. Abrasives; abrasives made of precious or semi-precious stone dust; all purpose abrasive compounds, slurries, and cleaning fluids used for precision surface finishing; abrasive compounds. Lubricants; lubricants for precision surface finishing. Machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof, namely vises, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters; parts, fittings and accessories for all the aforesaid goods.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
Goods & Services
(1) Micronized diamond powder for use in a wide variety of industries; all purpose abrasive compounds, abrasive slurries and cleaning fluids for precision surface finishing; and machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof, namely vises, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
Goods & Services
(1) Micronized diamond powder for use in a wide variety of industries; all purpose abrasive compounds, abrasive slurries and cleaning fluids for precision surface finishing; and machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof, namely vises, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters.
Machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof, namely, vises, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
Goods & Services
Micronized diamond powder for use in the coating, application, integration and further manufacture of grinding, lapping, polishing, superfinishing, industrial and consumer tools and devices all purpose abrasive compounds, abrasive slurries and cleaning fluids for precision surface finishing, micronized diamond powder for use as a polishing and abrasive product
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
07 - Machines and machine tools
Goods & Services
Micronized diamond powder for use in the coating, application, integration and further manufacture of grinding, lapping, polishing, superfinishing, industrial and consumer tools and devices all purpose abrasive compounds, abrasive slurries and cleaning fluids for precision surface finishing, micronized diamond powder for use as a polishing and abrasive product machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof-namely, vises, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters
machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof-namely, [ vises, ] reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
07 - Machines and machine tools
Goods & Services
Micronized diamond powder for use in a wide variety of industries. All purpose abrasive compounds, abrasive slurries and cleaning fluids for precision surface finishing. Machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof namely, vises, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
07 - Machines and machine tools
Goods & Services
Micronized diamond powder for use in a wide variety of industries. All purpose abrasive compounds, abrasive slurries and cleaning fluids for precision surface finishing. Machines and polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof namely, vises, reciprocating machines, rotating tools, files, cutting and sawing tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushes and rotary cutters.
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
07 - Machines and machine tools
Goods & Services
(1) Abrasives made of precious or semi-precious stone dust, loose abrasive, slurry, paste compound, concentrate, and stick-composed of diamond, manufactured and natural (super abrasive), sapphire, aluminum silicates, colloidal silica, and rare earth (clay products).
(2) Machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof, namely, vices, reciprocating machines, air and electric rotary hand machines for grinding and cutting, files, tungsten carbide cutting and grinding tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushed and rotary cutters, disposable grinding and finishing cover for rotary tools and bits, abrasive coated mandrels, mechanically driven hones containing abrasive compounds.
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
07 - Machines and machine tools
Goods & Services
(1) Abrasives made of precious or semi-precious stone dust, loose abrasive, slurry, paste compound, concentrate and stick - composed of diamond, manufactured and natural (super abrasive), sapphire, aluminum silicates, colloidal silica, and rare earth (clay products).
(2) Machines for polishing and grinding metals and accessories thereof, namely, vices, reciprocating machines, air and electric rotary hand machines for grinding and cutting, files, tungsten carbide cutting and grinding tools, hones and laps, diamond wheels and points, polishing brushed and rotary cutters, disposable grinding and finishing cover for rotary tools and bits, abrasive coated mandrels, mechanically driven hones containing abrasive compounds.
Machines for Polishing and Grinding Metals and Accessories Thereof-Namely, Vises, Reciprocating Machines, Rotating Tools, Files, Cutting and Sawing Tools, Hones and Laps, Diamond Wheels and Points, Polishing Brushes and Rotary Cutters
