The present invention relates to a plant and a method for treating organic waste, said plant and method providing an integrated system for waste treatment which allows optimization of the re-use of treated organic waste, by recovering and exploiting all the components of the incoming waste. To this purpose, after a series of pretreatment operations (20 - 50) intended to separate the organic fraction from ferrous, plastic and inert materials, the treated waste is subjected at first to an anaerobic treatment (60) with production of biogas and digestate, and the digestate is then subjected to an aerobic treatment (80) with production of compost. Advantageously, the invention provides that handling of the waste to be treated takes place in an automated manner, thus reducing personnel exposure to bad odors and contaminants.
A method and a plant for producing secondary solid fuel (SSF) provide for removing fine and heavy waste from a flow of treated waste and further subdividing the remaining waste into intermediate waste and light waste. Only the fraction of intermediate waste is subjected to removal of chlorinated plastics (PVC). Advantageously, thanks to the fact that only a small fraction of the treated waste is subjected to removal of the chlorinated plastics, high efficiency in the treatment of waste and in the production of SSF is obtained. Preferably, the intermediate waste fraction is also subjected to removal of ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum.
A method and plant for waste disposal are provided. A recirculating arrangement recirculates leachates generated by the processes of waste treatment into the plant itself, namely into a biofilter. The leachates are treated without need for providing a dedicated arrangement for purification and disposal. In addition, the recirculated leachates introduced into the biofilter represents an additional irrigation system for the filtering material of the biofilter and contributes to maintain its humidity advantageously high. Preferably, the leachates are introduced into the biofilter at an intermediate height of the biofiltering material bed, so as to obtain a kind of “submerged irrigation” of the biofilter. More preferably, the leachates are introduced into the biofilter as homogeneously and dispersedly as possible, so as to obtain a kind of “micro-irrigation” system for the biofilter.
The present invention relates to a method and a plant for producing secondary solid fuel (SSF). The invention provides for removing fine and heavy waste from the flow of treated waste and further subdividing the remaining waste into intermediate waste and light waste (137). According to the invention, only the fraction of intermediate waste is subjected to the removal of chlorinated plastics (PVC). Advantageously, thanks to the fact that only a small fraction of the treated waste is subjected to said removal of the chlorinated plastics (134), the invention allows to obtain high efficiency in the treatment of waste and in the production of SSF. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said intermediate waste fraction is also subjected to the removal of ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals (aluminum) (135).
The present invention relates to a method and a plant (1) for waste disposal which provide for a recirculating arrangement (17) for recirculating the leachates generated by the processes of waste treatment into the plant itself, namely into the biofilter (11) of said plant. The invention allows to treat the leachates without the need for providing a dedicated arrangement for purification and disposal. In addition, introducing the recirculated leachates into the biofilter (11) represents an additional irrigation system for the filtering material of the biofilter and contributes to maintain its humidity advantageously high. Preferably, the leachates are introduced into the biofilter at an intermediate height of the biofiltering material bed, so as to obtain a kind of "submerged irrigation" of the biofilter. More preferably, the leachates are introduced into the biofilter as homogeneously and dispersedly as possible, so as to obtain a kind of "micro-irrigation" system for the biofilter.
A method is provided for pre-treating biomasses, more particularly, for pre-treating biomasses intended for a biorefinery or similar facility for producing biofuels. The method comprises the steps of shredding the biomasses, removing foreign bodies contained in the biomasses upstream of the step of shredding, and soaking the biomasses by immersing the biomasses in water upstream or downstream of the shredding step. A plant for pre-treating biomasses is also provided. The plant comprises a shredding station for shredding biomasses, a station for removing foreign bodies from the biomasses upstream of the shredding station, and a soaking station for soaking the biomasses upstream or downstream of the shredding station.
D21C 1/02 - Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with water or steam
D21B 1/02 - Pretreatment of the raw materials by physical or chemical means
D21B 1/06 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
D21B 1/12 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods by the use of steam
B03C 1/20 - Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with magnets moving during operation in the form of belts, e.g. cross-belt type
B07B 4/00 - Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
B07B 9/00 - Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currentsGeneral arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
11 - Environmental control apparatus
Goods & Services
Waste treatment; waste treatment services; organic and inorganic waste treatment Plants for waste treatment and plants for organic and inorganic waste treatment, namely, biomass treatment plants, municipal solid waste treatment plants and commercial and industrial waste treatment plants
The present invention relates to an apparatus (1) for and a method of disintegrating biomasses, more particularly biomasses provided as bales. The present invention finds particular application in plants for pre-treating biomasses intended for a biorefinery or a similar facility for producing biofuels. According to the invention, the apparatus (1) for disintegrating biomasses includes two separate and serially arranged stations (11, 21), namely a first station (1) for coarse disintegration of the biomasses and a second station (21) for fine disintegration of said biomasses. Correspondingly, the method of disintegrating biomasses according to the invention includes two separate and successive steps, namely a first step of coarse disintegration of the biomasses and a subsequent second step of fine disintegration of said biomasses. Thanks to the two-step disintegration performed according to the invention, it is possible to deal with high biomass throughputs, while keeping the electrical power consumption limited and supplying at the output an effectively disintegrated product.
The present invention relates to a soaking vessel for soaking biomasses, more particularly for soaking biomasses intended for a biorefinery or similar facility for producing biofuels. Thanks to the provision of specific measures for advancing the biomasses through the basin and a specific extracting device (11) for extracting them from said basin, the soaking vessel (1) according to the invention allows to soak high flow rates, in the range of 20 - 50 t/h, of biomasses and extract them for transferring them to the subsequent processing steps. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the soaking vessel (1) is further provided with means for removing foreign bodies (15, 17, 19), whereby simultaneously with soaking of the biomass a removal of foreign bodies that are initially contained inside said biomass and separate therefrom during its advance movement through the soaking vessel (1) can be effected.
D21B 1/02 - Pretreatment of the raw materials by physical or chemical means
D21B 1/06 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
D21B 1/12 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods by the use of steam
The present invention relates to a method for pre-treating biomasses, more particularly for pre-treating biomasses intended for a biorefinery or similar facility for producing biofuels. The method for pre-treating biomasses according to the invention comprises a shredding step (40) and, upstream of said shredding step, a soaking step (30), in particular by immersion in corresponding soaking vessels, and simultaneous removal of foreign bodies from said biomasses (30'). The present invention further relates to a plant for pre-treating biomasses (100) capable of implementing the above-described method and comprising to this aim a shredding station (140) for shredding the biomasses and, upstream of said shredding station, a soaking station (130), in particular comprising one or more soaking vessels (132).
D21B 1/02 - Pretreatment of the raw materials by physical or chemical means
D21B 1/06 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
D21B 1/12 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods by the use of steam
The present invention relates to a method for pre-treating biomasses, more particularly for pre-treating biomasses intended for a biorefinery or similar facility for producing biofuels. The method for pre-treating biomasses according to the invention comprises a step of shredding the biomasses (40) and, upstream of said shredding step, a step of removing foreign bodies (30) from said biomasses, and, upstream or downstream of said shredding step (40), a step of soaking said biomasses (50). The present invention further relates to a plant for pre-treating biomasses (100) capable of implementing the above-described method, comprising a shredding station (140) for shredding biomasses, and, upstream of said shredding station, a station for removing foreign bodies (130) from said biomasses and, downstream or upstream of the shredding station (140), a soaking station (150) for soaking biomasses.
D21B 1/02 - Pretreatment of the raw materials by physical or chemical means
D21B 1/06 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
D21B 1/12 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods by the use of steam
A ventilation unit is arranged to effect flow reversal, according to two opposite directions, of a gas flow generated by a fan without reversing the rotation direction of the fan. The ventilation unit includes a fan, at least a first piping arrangement through which a gas flow is intended to pass in one of the two possible directions depending on whether it is blown or sucked by the fan, and a switching assembly arranged between the fan and the at least a first piping arrangement, at least a pair of switching devices being provided in the switching assembly and being movable between two positions for selectively and alternately connecting the at least a first piping arrangement to a delivery duct and to a suction duct of the fan, so as to allow the passage of a gas flow in a direction or in the opposite direction within the at least a first piping arrangement.
F16K 11/065 - Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valvesPipe fittings incorporating such valvesArrangement of valves and flow lines specially adapted for mixing fluid with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves with linearly sliding closure members
F04D 25/10 - Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provisions for automatically changing the direction of output air
An impeller for a ventilation unit, especially for use in plants for the aerobic treatment of organic waste, is provided. The impeller comprises a housing, a pair of mutually facing plates received within the housing and provided centrall with a through-hole for a cylindrical hub, and a plurality of first radial blades arranged between the plates. The impeller further comprises second radial blades arranged on at least one plate, on its side facing the inner wall of the housing and extending from the cylindrical hub toward the periphery for creating an under-pressure zone in the central region of the impeller itself, at its hub. Thanks to this measure, condensate water deriving from the humidity of the air sucked/blown by the ventilation unit is prevented from leaking along the rotation shaft of the impeller, towards its motor and towards the outside environment.
The present invention refers to an impeller (1) for a ventilation unit (10), especially for use in plants for the aerobic treatment of organic waste. According to the invention, said impeller (1) comprises means (9a) adapted to create an under-pressure zone in the central region of the impeller itself, at its hub (5). Thanks to this measure, condensate water deriving from the humidity of the air sucked/blown by the ventilation unit (10) is prevented from leaking along the rotation shaft (24) of the impeller (1), towards its motor and towards the outside environment.
The present invention refers to a ventilation unit (1) arranged to effect flow reversal, according to two opposite directions, of a gas flow generated by a fan without reversing the rotation direction of the fan. The ventilation unit (1) includes a fan (5), at least a first piping arrangement (15) through which a gas flow is intended to pass in one of the two possible directions depending on whether it is blown or sucked by said fan, and a switching assembly (9) arranged between said fan (5) and said first piping arrangement (15), at least a switching device (19, 21) being provided in said switching assembly (9) and being movable between two positions for selectively and alternately connecting said first piping arrangement (15) to the delivery duct (7b) and to the suction duct (7a) of said fan, so as to allow the passage of a gas flow in a direction or in the opposite direction within said first piping arrangement.
F04D 25/10 - Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provisions for automatically changing the direction of output air
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Organic and inorganic waste treatment Consulting services for the planning and realization of plants for organic and inorganic waste treatment, namely, engineering services for the construction of solid waste treatment plants
The present invention concerns a ventilation group that is capable of causing reversal of a gas flow according to two opposite directions, and that can be applied, in particular, to plants for the aerobic treatment of organic wastes through a phase of fermentation/bio-oxidation performed by means of forced air.
