The invention relates to an abrasive wheel (5, 6) which is intended for the planar or conical grinding of rotationally symmetrical workpieces (3) for large-scale manufacturing and on which the abrasive coating (20) has, in the width direction and/or radial direction, a variation in specification adapted correspondingly to the variation in the respective circumferential speed which at least the workpiece (3) undergoes during the grinding operation. A second aspect of the invention provides for an abrasive wheel (5, 6) which is intended for the planar or conical grinding of rotationally symmetrical workpieces (32) for large-scale manufacturing and on which the abrasive coating (20) has, at least in the width direction, varying shaped recesses (31), so that the concentration of abrasive material is adapted to the respective circumferential speed by the shaped recesses (31) varying over the width BSS of the abrasive coating (20), and so there is a variation in the average specification of the abrasive material corresponding to the respective circumferential speed.
Described is a method for grinding workpieces, which comprise at least one cylindrical and profiled portion each, on one and the same grinding machine. The workpiece is ground initially in a first grinding operation in a first clamping in the grinding machine, said first grinding operation being followed by a second grinding operation once the first clamping has been released and then, before the start of the second grinding operation, a second clamping has been generated.
B24B 19/00 - Single purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
B24B 19/02 - Single purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements
B23F 1/02 - Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface by grinding
B24B 41/06 - Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
B24B 5/04 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally
B24B 53/053 - Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of cylindrical or conical surfaces on abrasive tools or wheels using a rotary dressing tool
B23Q 3/155 - Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools
3.
Method and grinding machine for grinding external and internal contours of workpieces in one clamping
A method and a grinding machine to implement the method includes, in a single clamping, a machine part is ground. The part is clamped on its ends and has an internal recess for grinding. The internal recess is ground with an internal grinding wheel, wherein the part is rotated between a workpiece headstock and a tailstock, and an external contour is ground by means of a grinding wheel. The part is held on the tailstock by a hollow tailstock sleeve, on the end region of the internal recess, and the internal grinding wheel passes through the hollow tailstock sleeve during grinding. In the grinding machine, a separate grinding spindle head carrying the internal grinding wheel can be included in the region of the tailstock, and can be advanced against the peripheral surface of the internal recess by passing through the hollow tailstock sleeve and the hollow center.
B24B 5/12 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces both externally and internally with several grinding wheels
B24B 41/06 - Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
4.
Method and grinding machine for grinding grooved workpieces
A method is disclosed for grinding grooves on workpieces using a profiled grinding wheel, the profile of which is crushed. A reshaping crush process includes driven crush rollers, each being controlled on the basis of a rotational speed and current consumption. Thus, relative advancement between the grinding wheel and crush roller is controlled according to the speed and current consumption. A grinding machine is also disclosed for grinding a workpiece, wherein the workpiece is held by means of a workpiece spindle head. A crush device comprising a crush roller with a dedicated rotary drive is provided on the grinding machine. The grinding wheel is applied to the crush roller in order to dress the grinding wheel profile. The crush roller has a profile-crushing portion for profile-crushing the grinding wheel with a first dressing volume and a reshaping profile-crushing portion for profile-crushing the grinding wheel with a second dressing volume.
B24B 49/00 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
B24B 49/16 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load
B24B 53/07 - Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels by means of forming tools having a shape complementary to that to be produced, e.g. blocks, profile rolls
B24B 19/02 - Single purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements
B24B 49/18 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the presence of dressing tools
5.
Measuring steady rest for supporting and measuring central workpiece regions grinding machine with such a measuring steady rest, and method for supporting and measuring central workpiece regions
The present invention relates to a measuring steady rest which has a device for supporting central workpiece regions, in particular, bearing points on shaft parts, in particular crankshafts, and a measurement device integrated therein for directly adjusting the measurement of the workpiece regions before and/or during machining of the shaft parts. The measuring steady rest is preferably designed in the form of a prism, the measurement device being arranged on the bottom of the prism between the lateral flanks of the prism. The present invention further relates to a grinding machine comprising such a measuring steady rest, and to a method for supporting and measuring central workpiece regions on such a grinding machine comprising such a measuring steady rest.
B24B 49/04 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
B24B 5/42 - Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
A method is disclosed for grinding workpieces having at least one cylindrical section and one profiled section on a single grinding machine. In a first set-up, the workpiece is first ground in the grinding machine during a first grounding operation, which is followed by a second grounding operation after the first set-up has been undone and a second set-up has been generated before the second grinding operation begins.
B24B 41/06 - Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
B24B 5/04 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally
7.
Grinding machine and method for grinding workpieces that have axial bores and planar external surfaces to be machined on both sides
A grinding machine for machining workpieces includes a workpiece headstock and two grinding headstocks. A first grinding headstock has two grinding spindles each with one grinding wheel for grinding first and second planar and non-planar external surfaces. A second grinding headstock has a grinding spindle having a grinding wheel for grinding a central bore in the workpiece, and a clamping device to clamp the workpiece. First, the bore and the first planar and any non-planar external surface are ground on one side of the workpiece. Then, the workpiece is clamped in the bore. The second planar external surface can then be ground in the same grinding machine with one of the grinding wheels of the first headstock. The clamping device attached to the second grinding headstock is such that the central axis of the clamping device is exactly aligned with the central axis of the workpiece headstock.
B24B 5/01 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor for combined grinding of surfaces of revolution and of adjacent plane surfaces on work
B24B 41/06 - Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
B24B 5/04 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally
B24B 5/06 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces internally
8.
METHOD AND GRINDING MACHINE FOR GRINDING EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CONTOURS OF WORKPIECES IN ONE SET-UP
What is described is a method and a grinding machine for implementing the method, in which a machine component (2) to be machined which is clamped at its two ends (3, 5) and has an internal recess (6) to be ground is ground in a single set-up. The internal recess (6) is ground by an internal grinding disc (8), wherein the machine component (2) is held so as to be rotationally driven in its set-up between a workpiece headstock (9) and a tailstock (10) and is additionally ground on its external contour (17) by means of a grinding disc (16). The machine component (2) is held in a centring manner on the tailstock (10) by a tailstock hollow sleeve (15) with a hollow centre (20) at the end region of the internal recess (6), wherein the internal grinding disc (8) engages through the tailstock hollow sleeve (15) and the hollow centre (20) during the grinding of the internal recess (6). In the case of the grinding machine according to the invention, a separate grinding headstock is preferably provided in the region of the tailstock (10) and bears the internal grinding disc (8), which in turn can be advanced to the circumferential surface of the internal recess (6) by engaging through the tailstock hollow sleeve (15) and the hollow centre (20).
B24B 5/12 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces both externally and internally with several grinding wheels
B24B 41/06 - Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
9.
Steady rest for supporting central workpiece regions during the machining of central and/or eccentric workpiece regions, in particular bearing points on crankshafts, and grinding machine having such a steady rest
A steady rest for supporting, e.g., bearing points on shaft parts of crankshafts, during the grinding of central and/or eccentric workpiece regions. For the grinding, the steady rest is brought from a retracted position to a supporting position against the workpiece region to support the workpiece region at respective circumferential regions. The supporting parts are each arranged on a lateral flank of a prism opening in a fork-like manner on a steady-rest arm in a fixed position in relation to each other and to the steady-rest arm, the supporting parts thus forming an opening angle to each other. The supporting parts are arranged below center with respect to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece region such that an angle bisector between the two supporting parts has a fixed acute angle to the vertical extending through the longitudinal axis of the workpiece region and the CNC-controlled advancement occurs along said angle bisector. The invention relates to a grinding machine, which has a steady rest described above.
B24B 5/42 - Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
B24B 49/04 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
B24B 41/06 - Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
B23Q 17/20 - Arrangements for indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
10.
METHOD AND GRINDING MACHINE FOR GRINDING GROOVED WORKPIECES
The invention relates to a method for grinding grooves or profiles on workpieces. The grooves are ground using a correspondingly profiled grinding wheel (5), the profile (6) of the grinding wheel (5) being crushed. According to the invention, a reshaping crush process of the grinding wheel is carried out by means of crush rollers which are driven during the process, and each of the crush rollers (8) is controlled on the basis of a measurement of the rotational speed and the current consumption, thus a relative advancement between the grinding wheel (5) and the crush roller (8) is controlled during the crush process on the basis of said measurement. The invention further relates to a grinding machine for grinding a workpiece provided with such grooves, wherein the workpiece is held in a clamping by means of a workpiece spindle head (3), and a rigidly installed crush device (7) comprising a crush roller (8) with a dedicated rotary drive (11) is additionally provided on the grinding machine. The grinding wheel (5) is applied to the crush roller (8) in order to dress the grinding wheel profile (6). For this purpose, the crush roller (8) has a profile-crushing portion (14) for profile-crushing the grinding wheel (6) with a first dressing volume and a reshaping profile-crushing portion (15), which is arranged on the same crush roller (8), for profile-crushing the grinding wheel (6) with a second dressing volume for reshaping purposes.
B24B 53/07 - Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels by means of forming tools having a shape complementary to that to be produced, e.g. blocks, profile rolls
B24B 49/00 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
B24B 49/16 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load
11.
MEASURING STEADY REST FOR SUPPORTING AND MEASURING CENTRAL WORKPIECE REGIONS, GRINDING MACHINE WITH SUCH A MEASURING STEADY REST, AND METHOD FOR SUPPORTING AND MEASURING CENTRAL WORKPIECE REGIONS
The invention relates to a measuring steady rest which has a device for supporting central workpiece regions, in particular bearing points on shaft parts, in particular crankshafts, and a measuring device integrated into the steady rest for directly adjusting the measurement of the workpiece regions before and/or while machining the shaft parts. The measuring steady rest is preferably designed in the form of a prism, and the measuring device is arranged on the base of the prism between the lateral flanks of the prism. The invention further relates to a grinding machine comprising such a measuring steady rest and to a method for supporting and measuring central workpiece regions on such a grinding machine comprising such a measuring steady rest.
B24B 5/42 - Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
B24B 49/04 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
In an apparatus for multiple-bearing grinding of workpieces, such as crankshafts, wherein a support element seat occurs at a bearing point at the same time as the grinding of the main bearing, a grinding-supporting unit is used that contains a grinding spindle head having at least one grinding disk and support elements in the form of support jaws or support bodies that can be swiveled in. After the support point seat is ground, the support elements are brought into contact there-with and support the workpiece during the further machining. The simultaneous grinding of the support point seat and several bearing points results in a reduction in the machining time in the grinding of the workpiece compared to the prior art.
The invention provides a grinding machine for the complete machining of workpieces, in particular gearwheels for transmissions, on both planar sides and within a central bore on one and the same machine, and a method which is carried out on the grinding machine. The grinding machine has a workpiece headstock and two grinding headstocks, wherein the first grinding headstock has two grinding spindles with in each case one grinding wheel for grinding the first and second planar and also the non-planar external surfaces, and the second grinding headstock has a grinding spindle having a grinding wheel for grinding the central bore in the workpiece. The second grinding headstock additionally has, in an equipment unit, a clamping device, in particular in the form of a mandrel, which clamps the workpiece in the bore once grinding of the bore has been completed. The grinding machine is thus configured such that first of all the bore and the first planar and any non-planar external surface that is present are ground on the one side of the workpiece, wherein the bore and the first external surface are ground at least temporally in parallel, this being followed by the clamping of the workpiece by way of the clamping device in the bore. Thereupon, the clamping by the workpiece headstock is released such that the now released second planar external surface can be ground in one and the same grinding machine with one of the grinding wheels of the first headstock. The clamping with the clamping device attached to the second grinding headstock thus takes place in that the central axis of the clamping device is aligned exactly with the central axis of the workpiece headstock, with the result that clamping in a precise position is achieved even in the case of changing clamping in the grinding machine.
B24B 5/01 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor for combined grinding of surfaces of revolution and of adjacent plane surfaces on work
B24B 41/06 - Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
B24B 5/04 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally
B24B 5/06 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces internally
14.
STEADY REST FOR SUPPORTING CENTRAL WORKPIECE REGIONS DURING THE MACHINING OF CENTRAL AND/OR ECCENTRIC WORKPIECE REGIONS, IN PARTICULAR BEARING POINTS ON CRANKSHAFTS, AND GRINDING MACHINE HAVING SUCH A STEADY REST
The invention relates to a steady rest for supporting central workpiece regions (9), in particular bearing points on shaft parts (6) of, in particular, crankshafts, during the grinding of central and/or eccentric workpiece regions. For the grinding, the steady rest (7) is brought from a retracted position to a supporting position against the workpiece region to be supported, wherein the steady rest (2) has supporting parts that can be advanced onto the workpiece region, which supporting parts support the workpiece region at respective circumferential regions spaced apart from each other. The workpiece to be supported is supported at the workpiece region thereof in the supporting position. According to the invention, the supporting parts are each arranged on a lateral flank of a prism opening in a fork-like manner on a steady-rest arm in a fixed position in relation to each other and to the steady-rest art, the supporting parts thus forming an opening angle to each other. At the same time, the supporting parts are arranged in such a way that the supporting parts are arranged below center with respect to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece region in such a way that an angle bisector formed between the two supporting parts has a fixed acute angle to the vertical extending through the longitudinal axis of the workpiece region and the CNC-controlled advancement occurs along said angle bisector. In a further aspect of the invention, the invention relates to a grinding machine, which has a steady rest described above, a control device, and preferably a measuring device, by means of which control device and measuring device the steady rest can be advanced onto the workpiece region and a grinding disk can be advanced to the final dimensional of the bearing point during the grinding of the bearing point by means of the grinding disk.
The housing of a grinding spindle unit is pivotably mounted by way of a pivot axle on the receiving part of a grinding machine, e.g., on a grinding headstock. The grinding spindle unit bears a grinding wheel which is driven in rotation. The actuation of an adjusting unit extends a pressure pin, which pivots the housing of the grinding spindle unit about the pivot axle and thus slants the grinding wheel. The pivot axle is in this case formed as a film hinge through a zone of targeted elastic material deformation. A tensile spring device brings about constant contact between the pressure pin and the receiving part.
In a crankshaft, the narrow flat shoulders (9) that are located next to the bearing pin (4) at the adjacent cheeks (3) of the crankshaft are machined by turning by means of a rotary tool (14). In the process, the crankshaft that is clamped in a fixed manner rotates about a rotation and clamping axis (22) in which also the centric longitudinal axis formed by the centric bearing pins (2) of the crank shaft is located. As a result, the bearing pins (4) rotate with the geometric axis (6) thereof on a circular path about the rotation and clamping axis (22). The rotary tool (14) tracks the moving bearing pins (4) with regard to the vertical and lateral movement thereof in two movement directions (32, 36) that are perpendicular to each other. As a result, the rotary tool (14) is in consistent lateral engagement with the flat shoulder (9) of the bearing pin (4).
B23B 5/18 - Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor for turning crankshafts, eccentrics, or cams, e.g. crankpin lathes
17.
METHOD AND PRODUCTION LINE FOR MACHINING A CRANKSHAFT
In a first aspect, the invention relates to a method for completely machining at least unprocessed centric journals (10) and crankpin journals (11), and the respective flat shoulders (9, 10) thereof surrounding the journals, of flanged or cast blanks of a crankshaft. In the method according to the invention, first the flat shoulders (9) associated with the journals (10) are turned, and then the centric journals (10) are roughly ground without the flat shoulders (9) thereof and the crankpin journals (11) are roughly ground together with the flat shoulders (12) thereof. After the journals (10, 11) have been roughly ground, an allowance remains that is smaller than an allowance required for common finish grinding of journals and flat shoulders. The rough grinding step is followed by the finish grinding of the centric journals (10) and the crankpin journals (11) from the smaller allowance (23) remaining due to the rough grinding to the final dimension. A second aspect of the invention describes a production line for such complete machining.
B23B 5/18 - Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor for turning crankshafts, eccentrics, or cams, e.g. crankpin lathes
B24B 5/42 - Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
18.
GRINDING MACHINE DEVICE WITH PIVOTABLE MOUNTING OF A GRINDING SPINDLE UNIT AND METHOD FOR PIVOTING A GRINDING SPINDLE UNIT ON A GRINDING MACHINE
The housing (28) of a grinding spindle unit is pivotably mounted by way of a pivot axle (26) on the receiving part (21) of a grinding machine, e.g. on a grinding headstock. The grinding spindle unit bears a grinding wheel (31) which is driven in rotation. The actuation of an adjusting unit (33) extends a pressure pin (34), which pivots the housing (28) of the grinding spindle unit about the pivot axle (26) and thus slants the grinding wheel (31). The pivot axle (26) is in this case formed as a film hinge through a zone of targeted elastic material deformation. A tensile spring device (38) brings about constant contact between the pressure pin (34) and the receiving part (21). The arrow of rotation (36) denotes the pivoting direction and (37) denotes the angle by which the grinding spindle unit slants with respect to the receiving part (21). The axis of the rotating workpiece (not shown) is denoted by (22).
B24B 5/42 - Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
B24B 19/12 - Single purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section for grinding cams or camshafts
Crankshaft rod bearings are pre-ground and finish-ground in a first grinding station and the crankshaft main bearings are then pre-ground and finish-ground in a second grinding station. The crankshaft is first mounted centered between the two points of the rotary drive. The chuck has two support members which can be moved in the radial direction and which are then positioned against the main bearing in a self-equalizing manner. In the engaged position, the support members are locked tightly to the chuck by locking pins. A pivoting clamping member is then clamped with the operating end thereof against the main bearing.
Short and/or rod-shaped workpieces are completely machined by grinding two parallel end faces and the longitudinal sides of the workpiece with very short cycle times. The grinding machine includes two grinding spindles that are arranged in a tandem arrangement with parallel rotational axes on a shared grinding headstock and that are jointly moved in the X direction. In cooperation with a special holding and transport device for the workpieces, two workpieces are each ground, at least partly concurrently, the end faces of the one workpiece being ground in one machining position and the final non-circular grinding of the exterior contour of a second workpiece occurring in a second machining station, the end faces of the second workpiece having already been ground.
B24B 49/00 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
The invention relates to a grinding center, wherein a workpiece headstock (2) and a tailstock (3) are disposed on a machine stand (1). The tension and rotation axle (4) for the workpiece, not shown, is provided between said stocks. A compound slide rest (8) is displaceable parallel and perpendicular to the tension and rotation axle (4). Said rest perpendicularly displaceably supports a grinding headstock (11), on which a grinding spindle (16) having a grinding disc (17) is fastened, a further potential adjustment being provided by the pivot axis (15). A dressing spindle (7) and a device (30) for changing out the grinding discs (17) are further provided. A changeover robot (25) having a gripper (29) selectively picks a particular cooling nozzle set (21) from a storage magazine (22) as needed, and guides said set into the operating position thereof at the workpiece. A flexible hose connection (23) connected to a supply line (24) supplies the selected cooling nozzle set (21) with coolant. Selecting and transporting of the cooling nozzle sets are CNC controlled by the machine controller in the enclosure (31). Actuation can be controlled from an operator console (6).
B24B 55/02 - Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
B23Q 11/10 - Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
22.
METHOD FOR CYLINDRICAL GRINDING LONG, THIN ROUND RODS AND CYLINDRICAL GRINDING MACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD HAVING A TRAILING, SELF-CENTERING STEADY REST
The invention relates to a cylindrical grinding machine, wherein a round rod (3) to be ground by peel-grinding is clamped in the chuck (2) of a workpiece spindle head (1) so that a rotation occurs around the common center axis (4). According to the invention, the round rod (3) is drawn along a stationary mounted, rotating grinding disc (5) in the direction of the directional arrow (16). There is a steady rest (9) together with a measurement head (13) and a pre-deposit prism (10) in fixed lateral allocation to the grinding disc (5). The trailing, self-adjusting and self-centering steady rest ensures that the steady rest jaws (19) always contact the region (3b) of the round rod (3) already ground by the peel-grinding. The pre-deposit prism (10) makes loading of the cylindrical grinding machine easier.
B24B 1/00 - Processes of grinding or polishingUse of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
B24B 41/06 - Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
B24B 49/04 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
B24B 5/04 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally
B24B 5/14 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding conical surfaces, e.g. of centres
23.
METHOD FOR SEPARATING GRINDING OIL FROM GRINDING SLURRY; SEPARATING STATION FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD AND PLANT ACCORDING TO SAID METHOD
The invention relates to a plant for separating grinding slurry originating from grinding machines into metal chips and grinding oil. According to the invention, a carrier bowl (3) in a frame (1) is filled with a divided volume of the grinding slurry (10). The carrier bowl (3) has a perforated plate (4) having an edge (5) as a floor and a sieve-like intermediate floor (8). By means of a lifting device (2), the carrier bowl (3) is moved to the effective region of an inductor plate (9) serving as a heater. The induction heat heats the ferromagnetic steel or iron particles present in the grinding slurry (10). Said heating effects a reduction in viscosity of the grinding oil in the grinding slurry (10), from which substantial portions flow downward through the openings (6) or (7). In certain cases, the effect can be improved by placing a steel plate on the free surface (16) of the grinding slurry layer (10).
B24B 57/00 - Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
B28D 5/00 - Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor materialApparatus therefor
24.
METHOD FOR GRINDING THE MAIN AND PIN BEARINGS OF A CRANKSHAFT BY MEANS OF EXTERNAL CYLINDRICAL GRINDING AND GRINDING MACHINE FOR PERFORMING SAID METHOD
The invention relates to a method for grinding the main and pin bearings (3, 5) of a crankshaft (1) wherein the pin bearings (5) are first pre-ground and finish-ground in a first grinding station (22) and the main bearings (3) are then pre-ground and finish-ground in a second grinding station (23). In both grinding stations (22, 23), the crankshaft (1) is mounted on central sections by the unground, only machined rough contour, such as on the main bearings (6). To this end, the crankshaft (1) is first mounted centered between the two points (52, 53) of the rotary drive. The chuck (43) suitable therefor has two support members (12) which can be moved in the radial direction (13) and which are then positioned against the main bearing (6) in a self-equalizing manner. In the engaged position, the support members (12) are locked tightly to the chuck (43) by locking pins (16). A pivoting clamping member (44) is then clamped with the operating end (56) thereof against the main bearing (6). The rigid positioning of the crankshaft (1) thus effected has an advantageous effect on the grinding results when grinding the pin bearings (5).
The invention relates to a method and a device for multiple-bearing grinding of workpieces (10), such as crankshafts (22), wherein a support element seat (28) occurs at a bearing point at the same time as the grinding of the main bearing (21). A grinding-supporting unit (30) is used that contains a grinding spindle head having at least one grinding disk (32) and support elements (34) in the form of support jaws or support bodies that can be swiveled in. After the support point seat (28) is ground, the support elements (34) are brought into contact therewith and support the workpiece (10) during the further machining. The simultaneous grinding of the support point seat (28) and several bearing points (27) results in a reduction in the machining time in the grinding of the workpiece (10) compared to the prior art.
A grinding center for the simultaneous grinding of a plurality of main and rod bearings and/or central and end-side sections of crankshafts includes first and second stations. Two main bearing grinding spindles, of which the first is movable only in the Z-direction and the second only insignificantly movable in the X-direction, are mounted on a common rod bearing-compound slide. In the final phase of grinding, a correction of variations in size between the two processed rod bearings occurs via a separated drive of the second rod bearing-grinding spindle in accordance with a size or roundness correction. The variations are detected by measuring devices. An inclined profiled grinding wheel is provided for the grinding of the end sections.
B24B 49/00 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
27.
Grinding center and method for the simultaneous grinding of multiple crankshaft bearings
The invention relates to a grinding center for the simultaneous grinding of multiple main bearings and rod bearings and/or central sections of crankshafts (22). Two rod bearing grinding spindles (14, 15), wherein the first can be displaced only in the Z direction and the second can be minimally displaced only in the X direction, are mounted on a common rod bearing crosslide (11). In the final phase of the grinding, a correction of dimension deviation between the two machined rod bearings is carried out via a separate control of the second rod bearing grinding spindle (15), as a dimension or roundness correction. The deviations are detected by measuring devices.
Disclosed is a method for grinding a machine part that is used as a drive shaft, for example, rotates about the longitudinal axis thereof during the grinding process, and is provided with a journal at one axial end thereof and a recess at the opposite end thereof. The grinding process is carried out in one and the same grinding machine. In said grinding method, the machine part is brought into different clamped states by means of a chuck of a workpiece spindle head with releasable clamping jaws and a centering tip, a backrest, and/or a tailstock quill. Changing the clamped states has the advantage that the machine part remains in the same position in a single grinding machine, i.e. the clamped position, in all the different clamped states such that more accurate sizes, shapes, and positions can be obtained in an economical manner and all areas of the machine part which are to be ground are successively accessible to the grinding disks.
B24B 49/00 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
29.
METHOD AND GRINDING MACHINE FOR COMPLETE GRINDING OF SHORT AND/OR BAR-SHAPED WORKPIECES
The invention relates to a method and a grinding machine for grinding short and/or bar-shaped workpieces, by means of which complete processing of workpieces is possible at very short cycle times by grinding two parallel end faces and the outside contour of the side faces. The grinding machine has two grinding spindles having parallel rotational axes disposed on a common grinding spindle head in a tandem arrangement and advanced together in the X direction. In coordination with a special holding and transport fixture for the workpieces, two workpieces are each ground at the same time at least in segments, wherein the end faces of one workpiece are ground in one processing position and the final non-circular grinding of the outer contour of a second workpieces occurs in a second processing station, the end faces thereof having been previously finish ground.
B24B 5/01 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor for combined grinding of surfaces of revolution and of adjacent plane surfaces on work
B24B 5/02 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work
B24B 7/17 - Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding end faces, e.g. of gauges, rollers, nuts or piston rings for simultaneously grinding opposite and parallel end faces, e.g. double disc grinders
B24B 19/08 - Single purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section
B24B 5/32 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving work-supporting means carrying several workpieces to be operated on in succession the work-supporting means being indexable
30.
METHOD FOR GRINDING THE MAIN AND ROD BEARINGS OF A CRANKSHAFT THROUGH OUT-OF-ROUND GRINDING AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
In the cylindrical grinding of the main and rod bearings of crankshafts, the rod bearings are ground prior to the main bearings. The advantage of this is that the deformations that unavoidably occur, mainly during grinding of the rod bearings due to the removal of ground material are taken into account and compensated for again during grinding of the main bearings. The rod bearings are ground through CNC-control in the pin-chasing grinding method, and the crankshaft is held in a rotating axis in the process, said axis defined by two bearing points in the longitudinal extension of the crankshaft main bearing which are only machined. Deviations in said actual rotating axis from the determining geometric longitudinal axis of the crankshaft are taken into account in the pin-chasing grinding method by the computer of the grinding machine. The finished ground rod bearings then have an exact relation to the main bearings, which would have been ground strictly according to the determining geometric longitudinal axis of the crankshaft.
B24B 5/42 - Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
B24B 49/00 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
31.
Method for relief-grinding the cutting teeth of taps, thread formers, and similar tools
In prior art, an additional radial inward movement that is performed in accordance with a rotating cam disk is imparted on the grinding disk in order to relief-grind the cutting teeth and the chamfer of taps and the cutting teeth of thread formers. The invention relates to a cam disk which can be rotated about an axis and is provided with a control cam. The control cam forms a group of curves according to a large number of possible undercut contours on the grinding teeth of the tap or thread former, which are to be relief-ground. In order to obtain a specific undercut contour on a cutting tooth, a limited angle of rotation is selected from the control cam. The area is mechanically, optically, or electronically scanned by means of a scanning device. To this avail, the cam disk performs an oscillating rotary movement only above the selected section of the control cam. Relief-grinding of the cutting tooth is completed once a fore-and-aft movement has been performed, and the grinding disk returns to the starting position thereof. The result of the scan is transmitted to an electronic control device via a signal line.
B24B 1/00 - Processes of grinding or polishingUse of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
B24B 49/00 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
B24B 51/00 - Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece
32.
GRINDING CENTER AND METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS GRINDING OF A PLURALITY OF BEARINGS AND END-SIDE SURFACES OF CRANKSHAFTS
The invention relates to a grinding center for the simultaneous grinding of a plurality of main and rod bearings and/or central and end-side sections of crankshafts (22). Two main bearing grinding spindles (14, 15), of which the first is movable only in the Z-direction and the second only insignificantly movable in the X-direction, are mounted on a common rod bearing-compound slide (11). In the final phase of grinding, a correction of variations in size between the two processed rod bearings occurs via a separated drive of the second rod bearing-grinding spindle (15) in accordance with a size or roundness correction. The variations are detected by measuring devices. An inclined profiled grinding wheel is provided for the grinding of the end sections.
The invention relates to a method for the hydrodynamic support and centering of a rotating workpiece during grinding and a steady rest (10) usable for this purpose. According to the method, the bearing to be supported is impinged upon by a contact pressure which changes in accordance with rotational speed from a minimum pressure when the shaft is started from a standstill to a maximum value during the processing rotational speed. The steady rest (10) has the opening (35) of a cross hole (34) in the hole (30) receiving the shaft by which a lubricant can be supplied as hydraulic fluid to the bearing. The method is particularly suitable for the processing of camshafts and crankshafts.
The invention relates to a grinding center for the simultaneous grinding of multiple main bearings and rod bearings and/or central sections of crankshafts (22). Two rod bearing grinding spindles (14, 15), wherein the first can be displaced only in the Z direction and the second can be minimally displaced only in the X direction, are mounted on a common rod bearing crossslide (11). In the final phase of the grinding, a correction of dimension deviation between the two machined rod bearings is carried out via a separate control of the second rod bearing grinding spindle (15), as a dimension or roundness correction. The deviations are detected by measuring devices.
B23Q 15/28 - Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece with compensation for tool wear
B23Q 17/22 - Arrangements for indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
B24B 5/42 - Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
B24B 19/12 - Single purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section for grinding cams or camshafts
B24B 49/03 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent according to the final size of the previously ground workpiece
35.
METHOD FOR GRINDING A MACHINE PART, AND GRINDING MACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
Disclosed is a method for grinding a machine part that is used as a drive shaft, for example, rotates about the longitudinal axis thereof during the grinding process, and is provided with a journal at one axial end thereof and a recess at the opposite end thereof. The grinding process is carried out in one and the same grinding machine. In said grinding method, the machine part is brought into different clamped states by means of a chuck of a workpiece spindle head (4) with releasable clamping jaws (6) and a centering tip, a backrest (11), and/or a tailstock quill (8). Changing the clamped states has the advantage that the machine part remains in the same position in a single grinding machine, i.e. the clamped position, in all the different clamped states such that more accurate sizes, shapes, and positions can be obtained in an economical manner and all areas of the machine part which are to be ground are successively accessible to the grinding disks.
B24B 5/12 - Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfacesAccessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces both externally and internally with several grinding wheels
36.
Cylindrical grinding method for producing hard metal tools and cylindrical grinding machine for grinding cylindrical starting bodies during the production of hard metal tools
A grinding method and to a cylindrical grinding machine grinds metal rod that is pushed through a chuck of a workpiece spindle head. Two backrest seats are ground on and two backrests are then seated. The support of an end area enables a front cone to be ground. A grinding wheel comprised of two different individual wheels serves to grind the front cone and is advanced toward the round rod in the X-direction. The front cone is lodged in a hollow punch at a front end of a quill by displacement of the quill. The desired cylindrical grinding a final contour of the end area is done. Working the rod is done with a single chucking and the end area is cut off from the round rod by one of the individual wheels.
In an indexable insert having the wide sides 10a, 10b, the inclined narrow sides 24 are to be ground, that is to say the grinding allowance 38 is to be removed. To this end, the indexable insert 10 is set in rotation about the driven axis of rotation 11 (C axis) between a clamping insert 6 and a thrust bolt 9. Serving for the grinding is a grinding wheel 18 which rotates about the rotation axis 19 and which has a circumferential surface 18a contoured in a circular shape and having the largest diameter 43 and is composed of a leading region 41 and a trailing region 42. The grinding wheel 18 is guided relative to the indexable insert 10 along the geometrical defining line 39 which is formed by the generating line of the finished narrow side 24 in the feed direction 44. The leading region 41 tapering forwards effects preliminary grinding of the narrow side 24 by longitudinal grinding, whereas the trailing region 42 effects finish grinding by linear contact with the narrow side 24. The grinding wheel 18 is held with the clamping flanges 40 on a grinding spindle. The grinding operation is effected with controlled movement of the driven axis of rotation 11 (C axis), a first displacement axis 3 (Z axis), a second displacement axis 15 (X axis) and a pivoting movement of the grinding wheel 18 relative to the indexable insert 10 according to double arrow B.
B24B 3/34 - Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of toolsAccessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of turning or planing tools or tool bits, e.g. gear cutters
38.
METHOD FOR RELIEF-GRINDING THE CUTTING TEETH OF TAPS, THREAD FORMERS, AND SIMILAR TOOLS, AND GRINDING MACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
In prior art, an additional radial inward movement that is performed in accordance with a rotating cam disk is imparted on the grinding disk in order to relief-grind the cutting teeth and the chamfer of taps and the cutting teeth of thread formers. The invention relates to a cam disk (11) which can be rotated about an axis A and is provided with a control cam (12). Said control cam (12) forms a group of curves according to a large number of possible undercut contours on the grinding teeth of the tap or thread former, which are to be relief-ground. In order to obtain a specific undercut contour on a cutting tooth, a limited angle of rotation α is selected from the control cam (12). Said area is mechanically, optically, or electronically scanned by means of a scanning device (13). To this avail, the cam disk (11) performs an oscillating rotary movement only above the selected section of the control cam (12) (arrow indicating the direction of rotation 15). Relief-grinding of the cutting tooth is completed once a fore-and-aft movement has been performed, and the grinding disk returns to the starting position thereof. The result of the scan is transmitted to an electronic control device via a signal line (14).
B23Q 35/10 - Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work mechanically only
B24B 17/02 - Special adaptations of machines or devices for grinding controlled by patterns, drawings, magnetic tapes or the likeAccessories therefor involving mechanical transmission means only
