A waveguide feed array includes overlapping clusters of elementary feeds, each feed configured to operate in at least two distinct frequency bands with dual-polarization in each frequency band. The feeds have at least four waveguide ports each, one for each pairing of frequency band and polarization, and are connected through beamforming networks, one per frequency band. Clusters of feeds each have at least two beamforming networks and at least two common ports. The waveguide feed array further has a main longitudinal direction that is substantially orthogonal to a plane of an aperture of the waveguide feed array, the plane being defined by two main directions. Adjacent clusters along a first of the main directions are configured to operate, for a given frequency band, in different polarizations. At least one feed of each cluster is rotated around the main longitudinal direction with reference to the other feeds of said cluster.
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 5/307 - Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
H01Q 15/16 - Reflecting surfacesEquivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
H01Q 19/10 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
H01Q 21/22 - Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
A space or aerial vehicle may be configured to generate an internal signal having a frequency which is syntonised with the frequency of the internal signal generated by a second vehicle. The vehicle may comprise a master oscillator configured to oscillate at a nominal frequency and to generate an oscillator signal (F1) at the nominal frequency, a receiver (Rx-1) configured to receive an inter-vehicle signal, wherein the inter-vehicle signal is generated by the second vehicle by modulating a carrier (C2) with a second oscillator signal (F2), wherein the second oscillator signal is generated by a second master oscillator of the second vehicle configured to oscillate at the nominal frequency. Signal processing circuitry may be provided to demodulate the received inter-vehicle signal to obtain a demodulated signal comprising a received version of the second oscillator signal (F′2), and to generate the internal signal based on a sum frequency comprising the first oscillator signal (F1) and the received version of the second oscillator signal (F′2) as summands.
The present invention relates to a system for attenuating disturbances, the system comprising: an interface; a proof mass actuator, PMA, arrangement arranged on the interface, and arranged to oscillate a mass in response to control signals; at least one passive filtering element, having a predetermined mass structurally coupled to the interface; and, control circuitry arranged to provide control signals to the PMA arrangement, wherein the control signals are arranged to control oscillations of a mass.
F16F 15/00 - Suppression of vibrations in systemsMeans or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
B64G 1/22 - Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
F16F 15/03 - Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating, systemsSuppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating system using electromagnetic means
F16F 15/04 - Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating, systemsSuppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating system using elastic means
G05D 19/02 - Control of mechanical oscillations, e.g. of amplitude, of frequency, of phase characterised by the use of electric means
The present invention relates to a beamforming system comprising at least one symmetric weight block, SWB, the SWB arranged to perform as a four-port beamforming network with two input ports and two output ports, the SWB comprising: at least one primary stage 180° hybrid coupler; a 90° fixed phase shifter; a plurality of amplitude control elements comprising a phase-sign reversing element arranged to provide phase reversing sign capability; and, at least one final stage 180° hybrid coupler.
H01Q 3/28 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
H01Q 3/40 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with phasing matrix
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
5.
HEURISTIC RADIO RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FOR MASSIVE MIMO IN SATELLITE BROADBAND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
Beam pointing directions and resource mappings are determined for performing wireless communications between a hub station and a plurality of user terminals. For at least one user terminal, a set of candidate beam pointing directions among a predefined set of beam pointing directions is determined such that the candidate beam pointing directions differ from a direction pointing towards the at least one user terminal by less than a predefined amount. For each of the candidate beam pointing directions, a quantity is determined that is positively correlated with an aggregated interference that a beam pointing in the respective candidate beam pointing direction would either cause for the remaining user terminals or receive from the remaining user terminals among the plurality of user terminals, and for serving the at least one user terminal, a candidate beam pointing direction is selected among the set of candidate beam pointing directions that minimizes said quantity.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
A beamforming network includes a three-dimensional discrete lens with front and back apertures, each comprising a plurality of discrete elements. Each discrete element of the back aperture is homologous to a respective discrete element of the front aperture. The discrete lens further comprises a plurality of transmission lines connecting respective pairs of homologous discrete elements. The beamforming network can further include a feed array. The feed array illuminates the back aperture, when the lens is working in transmission, and/or receives signals from the back aperture, when the lens is working in reception. A ratio of a size of the back aperture and a size of the front aperture defines a zooming factor. The value of the zooming factor is different from unity, so that angles of emergence of beams of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the front aperture are either tilted towards a center axis of the discrete lens or tilted away from the center axis, compared to angles of incidence of corresponding beams on the back aperture.
H01Q 19/06 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
H01Q 15/06 - Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism comprising plurality of wave-guiding channels of different length
H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
7.
COMPACT FEED SYSTEM WITH DEVELOPABLE WAVEGUIDE H-PLANE DIRECTIONAL COUPLER
A compact feed system (600) is provided which comprises an orthomode transducer or junction (400) and a waveguide H-plane directional coupler (100). The waveguide H-plane directional coupler may comprise two hollow waveguide sections (110, 120) and a coupling section (130) arranged in between the two hollow waveguide sections for coupling a signal from one hollow waveguide section to another hollow waveguide section. In a transverse cross-section of the waveguide H-plane directional coupler, the hollow waveguide sections may be angled towards the coupling section and delimit a recess (20) formed at an inner side of the waveguide H-plane directional coupler. The orthomode transducer or junction (400) may be positioned at least partially in the recess to increase compactness of the feed system.
H01P 1/161 - Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotionAuxiliary devices for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
H01P 5/18 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
8.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR INDEPENDENT NON-TERRESTRIAL AIR TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE
This application relates to a method of air-based or space-based air surveillance for determining a position of an aircraft. The aircraft repeatedly transmits a radio signal of predetermined format. The method includes, at each of at least four airborne or spaceborne receivers, receiving the radio signal and determining a time of arrival or a Doppler frequency shift of the received radio signal at the respective receiver, wherein determining the time of arrival or the Doppler frequency shift of the received radio signal comprises detecting a static portion of the received radio signal. The method further includes determining the position of the aircraft based on the determined at least four times of arrival or the determined at least four Doppler frequency shifts. The application further relates to a corresponding system for air-based or space-based air surveillance.
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
G01S 5/06 - Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
This application relates to a method of establishing inter-satellite links (ISLs) between a constellation of satellites. The satellites are arranged in a plurality of orbital planes, in pairs with substantially diametral orbit positions. The method includes, for a given satellite: in a first time period, establishing ISLs between the satellite and a first set of satellites including one or more pairs of satellites in a first orbital plane; in a second time period, establishing ISLs between the satellite and a second set of satellites including one or more pairs of satellites in a second orbital plane; and in a third time period, establishing ISLs between the satellite and a third set of satellites including one or more pairs of satellites in a third orbital plane. The first to third orbital planes are different from each other. The application further relates to a constellation of satellites.
A system and method are provided for training a machine learnable model to correct an output of a global satellite navigation receiver (GNSS-R). The machine learnable model (ML-A) is trained to predict a positioning error based on a residual (RES) and satellite direction information (AZ, EL) which are provided during training, wherein the positioning error is a difference between a computed geolocation (PVT) and a reference geolocation (TP) provided during training. Furthermore, a system and method are provided for correcting an output of a global satellite navigation receiver. The machine learned model is used to predict the positioning error for the computed geolocation (PVT) based on the residual (RES) and the satellite direction information (AZ, EL) to obtain a predicted positioning error (EP), and the computed geolocation (PVT) is corrected to account for the predicted positioning error. The correction may take place in a device which comprises the global satellite navigation receiver.
G01S 19/40 - Correcting position, velocity or attitude
G01S 19/07 - Cooperating elementsInteraction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing data for correcting measured positioning data, e.g. DGPS [differential GPS] or ionosphere corrections
G01S 19/39 - Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
11.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR POSITIONING OF A MOBILE TERMINAL
This application relates to a method of air-based and/or space-based positioning of a mobile terminal for determining or verifying a position of the mobile terminal. The method includes: at an airborne or spaceborne transmitter, transmitting a first radio signal to the mobile terminal for prompting the mobile terminal to transmit a second radio signal, wherein the first radio signal corresponds to a first message; at the mobile terminal, in response to receiving the first radio signal, transmitting the second radio signal, wherein the second radio signal corresponds to a second message; receiving the second radio signal at a plurality of airborne or spaceborne receivers; and determining or verifying the position of the mobile terminal based on a time of transmission of the first radio signal at the transmitter and times of reception of the second radio signal at respective ones of the plurality of receivers. The application further relates to a constellation of satellites for space-based positioning of a mobile terminal.
G01S 5/00 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
G01S 5/06 - Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
G01S 13/76 - Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systemsAnalogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted
G01S 19/00 - Satellite radio beacon positioning systemsDetermining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
This application relates to a method of operating a payload with receive and transmit capabilities in Earth orbit. The method includes receiving GNSS signal(s) from a GNSS in a GNSS frequency band; and transmitting a navigation signal in the GNSS frequency band towards Earth. Therein, the receiving and transmitting are performed in a time division duplex, TDD, mode, with alternating time slots for receiving the GNSS signal(s) and transmitting the navigation signal. The application further relates to corresponding payloads and satellites including such payloads.
G01S 5/00 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
G01S 19/02 - Details of the space or ground control segments
G01S 19/10 - Cooperating elementsInteraction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing dedicated supplementary positioning signals
G01S 19/14 - Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
G01S 19/29 - Acquisition or tracking of signals transmitted by the system carrier related
A method of transforming input signals received at N input signal ports to output signals for output at M output signal ports includes generating, from the input signals, first intermediate signals for processing by a fast Fourier transform (FFT), with a predefined number of input ports and output ports corresponding to a size of the FFT; applying the FFT to the first intermediate signals to obtain second intermediate signals; and generating the output signals from the second intermediate signals. The input signal ports are non-uniformly distributed with respect to the input ports in a first signal domain of the input ports; and/or the output signal ports are non-uniformly distributed with respect to the output ports in a second signal domain of the output ports. The disclosure further relates to beamforming networks, reconfigurability in beamforming and beam steering, wideband and narrowband multibeam antenna array devices, FFT processors, programs, and storage media.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
This application relates to a method of transforming input signals received at N input signal ports to output signals for output at M output signal ports. The method includes generating, from the input signals, first intermediate signals for processing by a fast Fourier transform, FFT, with a predefined number of input ports and output ports corresponding to a size of the FFT; applying the FFT to the first intermediate signals to obtain second intermediate signals; and generating the output signals from the second intermediate signals. The input signal ports are nen-uniformly distributed with respect to the input ports in a first signal domain of the input ports; and/or the output signal ports are non-uniformly distributed with respect to the output ports in a second signal domain of the output ports. The application further relates to beamforming networks, reconfigurability in beamforming and beam steering, wideband and narrowband multi beam antenna array devices, FFT processors, programs, and storage media.
H01Q 3/00 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
H01Q 21/29 - Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
15.
Pragmatic solutions for massive MIMO for broadband telecommunication systems
This application relates to a method of performing wireless communications between a hub station and a plurality of user terminals. The method comprises transmitting radio signals to subsets of user terminals among the plurality of user terminals with sets of active beams, wherein the active beams have beam centers that are determined based on locations of the user terminals. The method further comprises, for each of a plurality of radio resource blocks: selecting a subset of user terminals among the plurality of user terminals; for each user terminal among the subset of user terminals, determining a beam center based on a location of the respective user terminal; and transmitting, using the respective radio resource block, radio signals to the user terminals among the selected subset of user terminals, in beams corresponding to the determined beam centers. The method further relates to a corresponding hub station for performing wireless communications with a plurality of user terminals, and to a method of determining antenna parameters and a beam pattern for a hub station.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
A waveguide component for an orthomode junction or an orthomode transducer includes a common waveguide with a longitudinal direction, the common waveguide includes at least a first portion and a second portion with different cross-sections, and two coupling probes, each arranged orthogonally to the longitudinal direction. The coupling probes are further arranged to couple to different polarization components of an electromagnetic field present in the common waveguide. The second portion of the common waveguide has a cross-section with at most two-fold rotational symmetry.
H01P 1/161 - Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotionAuxiliary devices for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
The application relates to a waveguide feed array. The waveguide feed array includes overlapping clusters of elementary feeds, each feed configured to operate in at least two distinct frequency bands with dual-polarization in each frequency band. The feeds have at least four waveguide ports each, one for each pairing of frequency band and polarization, and are connected through beamforming networks, one per frequency band. Clusters of feeds each have at least two beamforming networks and at least two common ports. The waveguide feed array further has a main longitudinal direction that is substantially orthogonal to a plane of an aperture of the waveguide feed array, the plane being defined by two main directions. Adjacent clusters along a first of the main directions are configured to operate, for a given frequency band, in different polarizations. At least one feed of each cluster is rotated around the main longitudinal direction with reference to the other feeds of said cluster. The application further relates to an antenna system including such waveguide feed array.
This application relates to techniques for determining beam pointing directions and resource mappings for performing wireless communications between a hub station and a plurality of user terminals, and to techniques for performing wireless communications between a hub station and a plurality of user terminals. One method includes, for at least one of the user terminals: determining a set of candidate beam pointing directions among a predefined set of beam pointing directions, such that the candidate beam pointing directions differ from a direction pointing towards the at least one user terminal by less than a predefined amount; for each of the candidate beam pointing directions, determining a quantity that is positively correlated with an aggregated interference that a beam pointing in the respective candidate beam pointing direction would cause for the remaining user terminals among the plurality of user terminals, or that is positively correlated with an aggregated interference that a beam pointing in the respective candidate beam pointing direction would receive from the remaining user terminals among the plurality of user terminals; and selecting, for serving the at least one user terminal, the candidate beam pointing direction among the set of candidate beam pointing directions that minimizes said quantity. The application further relates to corresponding apparatus, computer programs, and computer-readable storage media.
This application relates to techniques for determining beam pointing directions and resource mappings for performing wireless communications between a hub station and a plurality of user terminals, and to techniques for performing wireless communications between a hub station and a plurality of user terminals. One method includes, for at least one of the user terminals: determining a set of candidate beam pointing directions among a predefined set of beam pointing directions, such that the candidate beam pointing directions differ from a direction pointing towards the at least one user terminal by less than a predefined amount; for each of the candidate beam pointing directions, determining a quantity that is positively correlated with an aggregated interference that a beam pointing in the respective candidate beam pointing direction would cause for the remaining user terminals among the plurality of user terminals, or that is positively correlated with an aggregated interference that a beam pointing in the respective candidate beam pointing direction would receive from the remaining user terminals among the plurality of user terminals; and selecting, for serving the at least one user terminal, the candidate beam pointing direction among the set of candidate beam pointing directions that minimizes said quantity. The application further relates to corresponding apparatus, computer programs, and computer-readable storage media.
This application relates to a leak detector device (100) for detecting an internal leak in a fluid path. The leak detector comprises a housing (110) with a flow passage (120) extending through the housing (110), one or more pairs of temperature sensors (130, 140) for detecting a temperature difference between an outside of the housing (110) and the flow passage (120), one temperature sensor of each pair being arranged towards an outer surface of the housing (110) and the other temperature sensor of the pair being arranged towards an innersurface of the housing (110) that faces the flow passage (120), and an array of electrically conductive wires (150, 160) that extend across the flow passage (120). The array of electrically conductive wires (150, 160) comprises one or more positive polarity wires and one or more negative polarity wires. The application further relates to a corresponding method of leak detection.
G01M 3/02 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
G01M 3/00 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures
G01M 3/16 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
G01M 3/18 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipes, cables, or tubesInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipe joints or sealsInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for valves
22.
COMPACT FEED SYSTEM WITH DEVELOPABLE WAVEGUIDE H-PLANE DIRECTIONAL COUPLER
A compact feed system (600) is provided which comprises an orthomode transducer or junction (400) and a waveguide H-plane directional coupler (100). The waveguide H-plane directional coupler may comprise two hollow waveguide sections (110, 120) and a coupling section (130) arranged in between the two hollow waveguide sections for coupling a signal from one hollow waveguide section to another hollow waveguide section. In a transverse cross-section of the waveguide H-plane directional coupler, the hollow waveguide sections may be angled towards the coupling section and delimit a recess (20) formed at an inner side of the waveguide H-plane directional coupler. The orthomode transducer or junction (400) may be positioned at least partially in the recess to increase compactness of the feed system.
H01P 1/161 - Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotionAuxiliary devices for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
H01P 5/18 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
H01Q 3/40 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with phasing matrix
An aggregated communication network includes one or more communication networks and a plurality of network nodes arranged in a plurality of hierarchical layers, the network nodes including a central node at a highest layer and a remaining network nodes being arranged, as part of the one or more communication networks, in layers below the highest layer, with one or more spatially distributed network nodes at each layer below the highest layer. The network nodes in each communication network are interconnected in a tree-like structure via communication links, with respective sub-branches extending from the network nodes via network nodes in lower layers. The one or more communication networks are connected to the central node in a star-like structure via respective communication links between the central node and respective network nodes in a next-to-highest layer. The communication links between network nodes in a lowest layer.
This application relates to a beamforming network. The beamforming network includes a three-dimensional discrete lens with front and back apertures, each comprising a plurality of discrete elements. Each discrete element of the back aperture is homologous to a respective discrete element of the front aperture. The discrete lens further comprises a plurality of transmission lines connecting respective pairs of homologous discrete elements. The beamforming network can further include a feed array. The feeding array illuminates the back aperture, when the lens is working in transmission, and/or receives signals from the back aperture, when the lens is working in reception. A ratio of a size of the back aperture and a size of the front aperture defines a zooming factor. The value of the zooming factor is different from unity, so that angles of emergence of beams of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the front aperture are either tilted towards a center axis of the discrete lens or tilted away from the center axis, compared to angles of incidence of corresponding beams on the back aperture.
H01Q 19/06 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
H01Q 15/06 - Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism comprising plurality of wave-guiding channels of different length
A bearing assembly for stabilizing rotation of a rotatable element includes a gas bearing acting as a bearing for the rotatable element. An ultrasonic vibration pump is coupled to the gas bearing for providing pressurized gas to the gas bearing, and a sealed housing encloses the gas bearing and the ultrasonic vibration pump. Also described is a reaction wheel assembly for a spacecraft. The reaction wheel assembly includes a reaction wheel and the bearing assembly for stabilizing rotation of the reaction wheel.
This application relates to a bearing assembly for stabilizing rotation of a rotatable element. The bearing assembly includes a gas bearing acting as a bearing for the rotatable element, an ultrasonic vibration pump coupled to the gas bearing for providing pressurized gas to the gas bearing, and a sealed housing enclosing the gas bearing and the ultrasonic vibration pump. The application further relates to a reaction wheel assembly for a spacecraft. The reaction wheel assembly includes a reaction wheel and the bearing assembly for stabilizing rotation of the reaction wheel.
B64G 1/28 - Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using inertia or gyro effect
F04B 45/04 - Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
F16C 32/06 - Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
27.
PRAGMATIC SOLUTIONS FOR MASSIVE MIMO FOR BROADBAND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
This application relates to a method of performing wireless communications between a hub station and a plurality of user terminals. The method comprises transmitting radio signals to subsets of user terminals among the plurality of user terminals with sets of active beams, wherein the active beams have beam centers that are determined based on locations of the user terminals. The method further comprises, for each of a plurality of radio resource blocks: selecting a subset of user terminals among the plurality of user terminals; for each user terminal among the subset of user terminals, determining a beam center based on a location of the respective user terminal; and transmitting, using the respective radio resource block, radio signals to the user terminals among the selected subset of user terminals, in beams corresponding to the determined beam centers. The method further relates to a corresponding hub station for performing wireless communications with a plurality of user terminals, and to a method of determining antenna parameters and a beam pattern for a hub station.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
A radio frequency passband filter is provided comprising a network of half-wavelength planar resonators. At least one of the half-wavelength planar resonators includes a resistor shunted to ground to flatten response in the passband.
This application relates to a method of performing satellite-based radar altimetry. The method comprises: emitting a radar pulse towards a surface of the earth (e.g., ocean surface) in a first beam; receiving an echo of the radar pulse, after reflection off the surface of the earth, in a second beam among one or more second beams, and obtaining a signal indicative of an amplitude of the echo over time; and determining a return time of the echo based on the obtained signal. The second beam is scanned with a scanning motion in a scanning direction orthogonal to a ground track of the satellite, and the echo of the radar pulse is received during the scanning motion of the second beam. The application further relates to a corresponding apparatus for performing satellite-based radar altimetry.
The method involves sequentially encoding the plurality of data packets, which involves, for a data packet, obtaining a reference data packet, obtaining a mask packet indicative of which of the bits in the data packet are predictable and which of the bits in the data packet are not predictable obtaining change history data indicative of previously changed bits of the mask packet, determining an updated mask packet based on the mask packet, the data packet, and the reference data packet, determining updated change history data based on the change history data, the mask packet, and the updated mask packet, determining, as unpredictable bits, all those bits of the data packet that are indicated as not predictable by the updated mask packet, and generating an encoded data packet including a representation of the updated change history data and a representation of values of the unpredictable bits of the data packet.
H03M 7/00 - Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
H03M 7/30 - CompressionExpansionSuppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
H03M 7/32 - Conversion to or from delta modulation, i.e. one-bit differential modulation
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
18 - Leather and imitations of leather
25 - Clothing; footwear; headgear
28 - Games; toys; sports equipment
35 - Advertising and business services
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Robots (machines).
(2) Appareils et instruments scientifiques (autres que médicaux), de contrôle, photographiques, optiques, de mesurage; appareils pour l'enregistrement, la transmission, la reproduction ou le traitement du son ou des images; appareils et instruments pour l'observation de la Terre et de l'espace; supports d'enregistrement magnétiques, disques acoustiques ou optiques; équipement pour le traitement de l'information et les ordinateurs; détecteurs; appareils pour le diagnostic, non à usage médical; cartes à mémoire ou à microprocesseur; logiciels (programmes enregistrés); périphériques d'ordinateurs; satellites à usage scientifique; appareils de navigation satellitaire; logiciels de contrôle, de surveillance, de données, d'archivage et de télémétrie; logiciels pour naviguer et communiquer dans l'espace; supports de données électroniques ou optiques; centres serveurs de base de données (logiciels); matériel informatique; appareils de surveillance; combinaisons spatiales, casques, stations spatiales de recherche et leurs composants, satellites, tous ces produits étant en relation avec l'activité spatiale; appareils pour jeux éducatifs conçus pour être utilisés avec un écran d'affichage indépendant ou un moniteur.
(3) Véhicules; appareils de locomotion par terre ou par air; navettes spatiales et autres véhicules spatiaux et leurs pièces et équipements; véhicules spatiaux et aériens et leurs pièces et équipements, à savoir propulseurs à poudre, étages propulsifs, sous-systèmes avioniques, tuyères, coiffes, inter-étages, adaptateurs charge utile; fusées, lance-fusées, véhicules lanceurs pour navettes spatiales satellitaires et en général pour les systèmes de transport spatial; tous ces produits étant en relation avec l'activité spatiale.
(4) Cuir et imitations du cuir; malles et valises; parapluies, parasols et cannes; portefeuilles, porte-monnaie (non en métaux précieux); sacs à main, sacs à dos, sacs à roulettes; sacs d'alpinistes, sacs de campeurs, sacs de voyage, sacs de plage, sacs d'écoliers; coffrets destinés à contenir des articles de toilette dits "vanity cases"; sacs à provisions; sachets (enveloppes, pochettes) en cuir pour l'emballage.
(5) Vêtements (à l'exception des vêtements pour la protection contre les accidents, l'irradiation et le feu), chaussures, chapellerie.
(6) Jeux éducatifs autres que ceux conçus pour être utilisés avec un écran d'affichage indépendant ou un moniteur; jouets éducatifs. (1) Direction des affaires; administration des affaires; conseils en organisation et direction des affaires; gestion de fichiers informatiques; organisation d'expositions à buts commerciaux ou de publicité; publicité en ligne sur un réseau informatique; relations publiques; publicité par conférences et congrès sur les affaires et la normalisation; vente au détail ou en gros d'appareils et instruments scientifiques (autres que médicaux), de contrôle, photographiques, optiques, de mesurage, d'appareils pour l'enregistrement, la transmission, la reproduction ou le traitement du son ou des images, d'appareils et d'instruments pour l'observation de la Terre et de l'espace, de supports d'enregistrement magnétiques, de disques acoustiques ou optiques, d'équipement pour le traitement de l'information et d'ordinateurs, de détecteurs, d'appareils pour le diagnostic non à usage médical, de cartes à mémoire ou à microprocesseur, de logiciels (programmes enregistrés), de périphériques d'ordinateurs, de satellites à usage scientifique, d'appareils de navigation satellitaire, de logiciels de contrôle, de surveillance, de données, d'archivage et de télémétrie, de logiciels pour naviguer et communiquer dans l'espace, de supports de données électroniques ou optiques, de centres serveurs de base de données (logiciels), de matériel informatique, d'appareils de surveillance, de combinaisons spatiales, de robots, de casques, de fusées, de stations spatiales et de leurs composants, de lance-fusées et de satellites, tous ces services étant en relation avec le domaine spatial.
(2) Production de films, de films de télévision, de programmes de télévision, de reportages, de débats; services d'enregistrement vidéo; organisation de concours, de loteries et de jeux à buts éducatifs et de divertissement; organisation d'expositions à buts culturels ou éducatifs; organisation de séminaires et de cours d'entraînement pratiques (démonstrations); services de reporters; consultation en matière de production de programmes audiovisuels; services de reproduction sur DVD et CD-ROM; services d'enregistrements sur DVD et CD-ROM; organisation de foires, de symposiums, de colloques et de conférences; publication de livres; publication électronique de livres et de périodiques en ligne; publication de textes (autres que textes publicitaires); tous ces services étant en relation avec le domaine spatial.
(3) Estimations scientifiques et technologiques, évaluations et recherches menées par des ingénieurs; conception et développement d'ordinateurs et de logiciels; recherche et développement de nouveaux produits pour des tiers; études de projets techniques; programmation d'ordinateurs; conversion de données ou de documents d'un support physique vers un support électronique; développement de normes et moyens de normalisation (ingénierie); services de contrôle de la qualité et d'évaluation de la performance; recherches techniques sur la mise en place de normes et la normalisation; recherches sur le contrôle de la qualité et l'évaluation de la performance; recherches techniques; consultations professionnelles et élaboration de projets sans rapport avec les affaires; travaux d'ingénierie (pas pour la construction); essais de matériaux; laboratoires techniques; services de normalisation, à savoir développement (conception) de normes techniques pour produits manufacturés et pour services de télécommunications; recherche et développement de systèmes électroniques et informatiques dans les domaines de l'informatique et des télécommunications; essais sur l'adaptabilité en milieu spatial des produits de l'industrie du radar, de l'industrie optique, de l'industrie des engins spatiaux, de l'industrie des satellites de navigation; recherches dans les domaines des sciences, de l'astronomie, de la technologie, de l'aéronautique, de l'océanographie, de la météorologie et de la géologie, et essais sur l'adaptabilité en milieu spatial des produits issus de ces recherches; développement de systèmes de navigation satellitaire mondiaux; recherche scientifique sur les technologies fondamentales; recherches en matière d'exploration robotisée de différentes planètes; recherches en matière de programmes de préparations en vue de futurs lancements de fusées, de satellites et de navettes spatiales; recherches pour le développement de technologies spatiales; recherche scientifique pour l'observation de la Terre, pour l'exploration et le transport des hommes, pour les voyages des hommes dans l'espace ou pour l'ingénierie spatiale; recherches sur la technologie spatiale; services scientifiques, y compris les tests pour des tiers, les missions de recherche et la coordination scientifique; fourniture de sites Internet pour faire figurer des informations scientifiques dans les domaines de la science, de l'astronomie, de la technologie, de l'aéronautique, de l'océanographie, de la météorologie, de la géologie et de la recherche sur la technologie satellitaire; recherches pour affiner des technologies et développer des produits; essais de matériaux en milieu orbital; recherches sur l'adaptabilité de différents composants en milieu spatial; tous ces services étant en relation avec le domaine spatial.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
18 - Leather and imitations of leather
25 - Clothing; footwear; headgear
28 - Games; toys; sports equipment
35 - Advertising and business services
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Robots (machines).
(2) Appareils et instruments scientifiques (autres que médicaux), de contrôle, photographiques, optiques, de mesurage; appareils pour l'enregistrement, la transmission, la reproduction ou le traitement du son ou des images; appareils et instruments pour l'observation de la Terre et de l'espace; supports d'enregistrement magnétiques, disques acoustiques ou optiques; équipement pour le traitement de l'information et les ordinateurs; détecteurs; appareils pour le diagnostic, non à usage médical; cartes à mémoire ou à microprocesseur; logiciels (programmes enregistrés); périphériques d'ordinateurs; satellites à usage scientifique; appareils de navigation satellitaire; logiciels de contrôle, de surveillance, de données, d'archivage et de télémétrie; logiciels pour naviguer et communiquer dans l'espace; supports de données électroniques ou optiques; centres serveurs de base de données (logiciels); matériel informatique; appareils de surveillance; combinaisons spatiales, casques, stations spatiales de recherche et leurs composants, satellites, tous ces produits étant en relation avec l'activité spatiale; appareils pour jeux éducatifs conçus pour être utilisés avec un écran d'affichage indépendant ou un moniteur.
(3) Véhicules; appareils de locomotion par terre ou par air; navettes spatiales et autres véhicules spatiaux et leurs pièces et équipements; véhicules spatiaux et aériens et leurs pièces et équipements, à savoir propulseurs à poudre, étages propulsifs, sous-systèmes avioniques, tuyères, coiffes, inter-étages, adaptateurs charge utile; fusées, lance-fusées, véhicules lanceurs pour navettes spatiales satellitaires et en général pour les systèmes de transport spatial; tous ces produits étant en relation avec l'activité spatiale.
(4) Cuir et imitations du cuir; malles et valises; parapluies, parasols et cannes; portefeuilles, porte-monnaie (non en métaux précieux); sacs à main, sacs à dos, sacs à roulettes; sacs d'alpinistes, sacs de campeurs, sacs de voyage, sacs de plage, sacs d'écoliers; coffrets destinés à contenir des articles de toilette dits "vanity cases"; sacs à provisions; sachets (enveloppes, pochettes) en cuir pour l'emballage.
(5) Vêtements (à l'exception des vêtements pour la protection contre les accidents, l'irradiation et le feu), chaussures, chapellerie.
(6) Jeux éducatifs autres que ceux conçus pour être utilisés avec un écran d'affichage indépendant ou un moniteur; jouets éducatifs. (1) Direction des affaires; administration des affaires; conseils en organisation et direction des affaires; gestion de fichiers informatiques; organisation d'expositions à buts commerciaux ou de publicité; publicité en ligne sur un réseau informatique; relations publiques; publicité par conférences et congrès sur les affaires et la normalisation; vente au détail ou en gros d'appareils et instruments scientifiques (autres que médicaux), de contrôle, photographiques, optiques, de mesurage, d'appareils pour l'enregistrement, la transmission, la reproduction ou le traitement du son ou des images, d'appareils et d'instruments pour l'observation de la Terre et de l'espace, de supports d'enregistrement magnétiques, de disques acoustiques ou optiques, d'équipement pour le traitement de l'information et d'ordinateurs, de détecteurs, d'appareils pour le diagnostic non à usage médical, de cartes à mémoire ou à microprocesseur, de logiciels (programmes enregistrés), de périphériques d'ordinateurs, de satellites à usage scientifique, d'appareils de navigation satellitaire, de logiciels de contrôle, de surveillance, de données, d'archivage et de télémétrie, de logiciels pour naviguer et communiquer dans l'espace, de supports de données électroniques ou optiques, de centres serveurs de base de données (logiciels), de matériel informatique, d'appareils de surveillance, de combinaisons spatiales, de robots, de casques, de fusées, de stations spatiales et de leurs composants, de lance-fusées et de satellites, tous ces services étant en relation avec le domaine spatial.
(2) Production de films, de films de télévision, de programmes de télévision, de reportages, de débats; services d'enregistrement vidéo; organisation de concours, de loteries et de jeux à buts éducatifs et de divertissement; organisation d'expositions à buts culturels ou éducatifs; organisation de séminaires et de cours d'entraînement pratiques (démonstrations); services de reporters; consultation en matière de production de programmes audiovisuels; services de reproduction sur DVD et CD-ROM; services d'enregistrements sur DVD et CD-ROM; organisation de foires, de symposiums, de colloques et de conférences; publication de livres; publication électronique de livres et de périodiques en ligne; publication de textes (autres que textes publicitaires); tous ces services étant en relation avec le domaine spatial.
(3) Estimations scientifiques et technologiques, évaluations et recherches menées par des ingénieurs; conception et développement d'ordinateurs et de logiciels; recherche et développement de nouveaux produits pour des tiers; études de projets techniques; programmation d'ordinateurs; conversion de données ou de documents d'un support physique vers un support électronique; développement de normes et moyens de normalisation (ingénierie); services de contrôle de la qualité et d'évaluation de la performance; recherches techniques sur la mise en place de normes et la normalisation; recherches sur le contrôle de la qualité et l'évaluation de la performance; recherches techniques; consultations professionnelles et élaboration de projets sans rapport avec les affaires; travaux d'ingénierie (pas pour la construction); essais de matériaux; laboratoires techniques; services de normalisation, à savoir développement (conception) de normes techniques pour produits manufacturés et pour services de télécommunications; recherche et développement de systèmes électroniques et informatiques dans les domaines de l'informatique et des télécommunications; essais sur l'adaptabilité en milieu spatial des produits de l'industrie du radar, de l'industrie optique, de l'industrie des engins spatiaux, de l'industrie des satellites de navigation; recherches dans les domaines des sciences, de l'astronomie, de la technologie, de l'aéronautique, de l'océanographie, de la météorologie et de la géologie, et essais sur l'adaptabilité en milieu spatial des produits issus de ces recherches; développement de systèmes de navigation satellitaire mondiaux; recherche scientifique sur les technologies fondamentales; recherches en matière d'exploration robotisée de différentes planètes; recherches en matière de programmes de préparations en vue de futurs lancements de fusées, de satellites et de navettes spatiales; recherches pour le développement de technologies spatiales; recherche scientifique pour l'observation de la Terre, pour l'exploration et le transport des hommes, pour les voyages des hommes dans l'espace ou pour l'ingénierie spatiale; recherches sur la technologie spatiale; services scientifiques, y compris les tests pour des tiers, les missions de recherche et la coordination scientifique; fourniture de sites Internet pour faire figurer des informations scientifiques dans les domaines de la science, de l'astronomie, de la technologie, de l'aéronautique, de l'océanographie, de la météorologie, de la géologie et de la recherche sur la technologie satellitaire; recherches pour affiner des technologies et développer des produits; essais de matériaux en milieu orbital; recherches sur l'adaptabilité de différents composants en milieu spatial; tous ces services étant en relation avec le domaine spatial.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
25 - Clothing; footwear; headgear
28 - Games; toys; sports equipment
35 - Advertising and business services
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Robots for space exploration, space navigation, space travel, and space development Scientific apparatus and instruments for checking space instruments, for checking and measuring flight parameters and the temperature, pressure, quantity and concentration of gas and liquids and climate change; photographic apparatus, namely cameras, lenses and exposure meters; optical apparatus, namely, inspection and character recognition apparatus; measuring apparatus and instruments, namely, digitizers; apparatus for recording, transmitting, reproducing or processing sound or images; apparatus and instruments for observing Earth and space, namely antennas, telescopes and thermal imaging cameras; magnetic recording tapes; acoustic disks featuring information on the use of equipment in the field of space and information technology; blank optical disks; optical disks featuring information on the use of equipment in the field of space and information technology; data processing equipment and computers; motion, infrared and laser object detectors; diagnostic apparatus, not for medical purposes, for studying gravity; integrated circuit cards; computer software, recorded, for data transmission and remotely monitoring equipment; recorded computer operating software; computer peripheral devices; satellites for scientific purposes; satellite navigation apparatus; recorded computer software for checking flight parameters and the temperature, pressure, quantity and concentration of gas and liquids, monitoring communication between computers and machine systems, data communication, reception, processing and display, archiving and transmitting telemetry data; recorded computer software for navigating and communicating data in space; black optical or electronic data carriers; downloadable computer software for managing database server centers; computer hardware; automated self-contained electronic surveillance apparatus that can be deployed to gather evidence or intelligence in remote locations; space suits, protective helmets, earth observation systems comprising space stations for research that are equipped with, satellites, all these goods being in connection with space activity; apparatus for educational games adapted for use with an external display screen or monitor automated guided vehicles; land vehicles ; air vehicles for transport; space shuttles and other space vehicles and structural parts and equipment thereof; vehicles for air and space travel and parts and equipment thereof, namely, solid fuel rocket motors, propulsion stages, avionics subsystem, nozzles, caps, interstages, payload adapters; space vehicles, namely, rockets, rocket launchers, launch vehicles for satellite space shuttles and for space transportation systems; all these goods being in connection with space activity Clothing namely shirts, pants; footwear; headwear, namely hats, caps Educational games other than those adapted for use with an external display screen or monitor for developing fine motor, cognitive and counting skills; educational toys for developing fine motor, cognitive and counting skills Business management; business administration; business management and organization consultancy; computerized file management; organization of exhibitions for commercial or advertising purposes; on-line advertising on a computer network; public relations; wholesale and retail store services featuring scientific apparatuses, not for medical use, namely, photographic, optical, measuring apparatus and instruments, apparatus for recording, transmitting, reproducing or processing sound or images, apparatus and instruments for observing Earth and space, magnetic recording media, acoustic or optical disks, data processing equipment and computers, detectors, diagnostic apparatus, not for medical purposes, integrated circuit cards, recorded computer software, computer peripheral devices, satellites for scientific purposes, satellite navigation apparatus, computer software for checking, monitoring, and archiving data, computer software for telemetry, computer software for navigating and communicating in space, optical or electronic data carriers, recorded or non-downloadable computer software database server centers, computer hardware, surveillance apparatus, space suits, robots, helmets, rockets, space stations and components thereof, rocket and satellite launchers, all these goods being in connection with space activity Production of films, television films, television programs, reports, debates; videotaping; arranging contests, lotteries and games for educational and entertainment purposes; arranging exhibitions for cultural or educational purposes; arranging seminars featuring practical training classes and demonstrations in the field of space exploration, space navigation, space travel, space technology and space development ; news reporters services; consultancy in relation to producing audiovisual programs; electronic publishing services, namely reproduction of text and graphic works for others on DVD and CDROM featuring space exploration, space navigation, space travel, space technology and space development; audio and video recording services on DVD and CDROM; arranging symposiums, colloquiums and conferences in the field of space exploration, space navigation, space travel, space technology and space development; publication of books; publication of electronic books and journals on-line; publication of texts, other than publicity texts; all these services being in connection with the space industry Scientific and technological services, namely conducting estimates, evaluations and research in the field of engineering; design and development of computers and software; scientific research and development for others; technical research in the field of aeronautics project studies; computer programming; conversion of data or documents from physical to electronic media; developing quality control and accreditation standards and means for standardization in the field of engineering; quality management services, namely quality control and performance evaluation in the field of aeronautics; technical research on implementing standards and standardization in the field of aeronautics; scientific research on quality control and performance evaluation; technical research in the field of engineering and space exploration; engineering services not for building purposes; material testing; technical laboratories for testing and measuring aeronautical apparatus; services for standardization, namely, developing and designing of technical standards for manufactured goods in the nature of space shuttle launcher rocket and satellites and for telecommunication services; research and development of computer and electronic systems in the fields of computing and telecommunications; testing the adaptability in the space environment of engines, signaling buoys and inspection apparatus and lenses of the radar industry, the optic industry, the space engine industry, navigation satellite industry; research in the fields of space and robotics science, astronomy, space and robotic technology, aeronautics, oceanography, weather and geology, and testing the adaptability in the space environment of engine, signaling buoys and inspection apparatus and lenses goods resulting from this research; development of global satellite navigation systems; scientific research on fundamental science, astronomy and aeronautics technology; research on robot exploration of other planets; research in relation to preparation programs for the scheduled launches of rockets, satellites and space shuttles; research for the development of space technology; scientific research for observing the Earth, for exploration and transportation of humans, for human travel in space and for space engineering; research on space technology; scientific services, namely testing of satellites and space shuttle engines for others; consulting services in the field of design, planning, and implementing project management of research assignments and scientific coordination; providing Internet sites for displaying scientific information in the fields of science, astronomy, technology, aeronautics, oceanography, weather, geology and satellite technology research; research for fine-tuning technology and developing products; materials testing in orbit; research on the adaptability of various components to the space environment; all these services being in connection with the space industry
This application relates to a waveguide power divider device. The waveguide power divider device comprises four two-port orthomode junctions arranged with their common waveguicles extending in parallel, wherein the two ports of each orthomode junction extend in orthogonal directions, four E- plane T-junctions, wherein each T-junction couples two of the four orthomode junctions to each other via respective ones of their ports, a four-port turnstile junction, wherein waveguicles of the four ports are bent to extend in parallel to an extension direction of the common waveguide of the turnstile junction, and four waveguide twists, wherein each waveguide twist couples a common waveguide of a respective one of the T junctions to the waveguide of a respective one of the ports of the turnstile junction, with the broad walls of the common waveguide of the T- junction and of the waveguide of the port of the turnstile junction being orthogonal to each other. The application further relates to an array antenna including one or more of such waveguide power divider devices.
A waveguide power divider device comprises four two-port orthomode junctions arranged with their common waveguides extending in parallel, wherein the two ports of each orthomode junction extend in orthogonal directions, four E-plane T-junctions, each T-junction coupling two of the four orthomode junctions to each other via respective ones of their ports, a four-port turnstile junction, wherein waveguides of the four ports are bent to extend in parallel to an extension direction of a common waveguide of the turnstile junction, and four waveguide twists, each waveguide twist coupling a common waveguide of a respective one of the T-junctions to the waveguide of a respective one of the ports of the turnstile junction, with broad walls of the common waveguide of the T-junction and of the waveguide of the port of the turnstile junction being orthogonal to each other. An array antenna may include one or more such waveguide power divider devices.
H01P 5/16 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01P 1/161 - Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotionAuxiliary devices for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
H01P 5/19 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port of the junction type
36.
Network for forming multiple beams from a planar array
A beamforming network for use with a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a planar array of linear sub-arrays includes first and second sets of beamforming sub-networks. Each beamforming sub-network in the first set of beamforming sub-networks is associated with a respective one of the linear sub-arrays and is adapted to generate, via the associated linear sub-array, fan beams along respective beam directions in a first set of beam directions. Each beamforming sub-network in the second set of beamforming sub-networks is associated with a respective one of the beam directions in the first set of beam directions. For each beamforming sub-network in the second set of beamforming sub-networks, each of the output port is coupled to an input port of a respective beamforming sub-network in the first set of beamforming sub-networks that corresponds to the associated beam direction. The application further relates to a multibeam antenna comprising such beamforming network.
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 21/22 - Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
H01Q 3/40 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with phasing matrix
This application relates to a leak detector device (100) for detecting an internal leak in a fluid path. The leak detector comprises a housing (110) with a flow passage (120) extending through the housing (110), one or more pairs of temperature sensors (130, 140) for detecting a temperature difference between an outside of the housing (110) and the flow passage (120), one temperature sensor of each pair being arranged towards an outer surface of the housing (110) and the other temperature sensor of the pair being arranged towards an innersurface of the housing (110) that faces the flow passage (120), and an array of electrically conductive wires (150, 160) that extend across the flow passage (120). The array of electrically conductive wires (150, 160) comprises one or more positive polarity wires and one or more negative polarity wires. The application further relates to a corresponding method of leak detection.
G01M 3/00 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures
G01M 3/16 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
G01M 3/18 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipes, cables, or tubesInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipe joints or sealsInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for valves
38.
WAVEGUIDE COMPONENT FOR USE IN AN ORTHOMODE JUNCTION OR AN ORTHOMODE TRANSDUCER
This application relates to a waveguide component for use in an orthomode junction or an orthomode transducer. The waveguide component comprises a common waveguide with a longitudinal direction, comprising at least a first portion and a second portion with different cross- sections, and two coupling probes, each arranged orthogonally to the longitudinal direction, wherein the coupling probes are further arranged to couple to different polarization components of an electromagnetic field present in the common waveguide. The second portion of the common waveguide has a cross-section with at most two-fold rotational symmetry. The application further relates to a method of manufacturing such waveguide component.
H01P 1/161 - Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotionAuxiliary devices for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
H01P 3/123 - Hollow waveguides with a complex or stepped cross-section, e.g. ridged or grooved waveguides
39.
Method and apparatus for performing joint channel and time estimation in a GNSS receiver
A receiver is provided for use with a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) comprising multiple satellites. The receiver comprises a receiver clock and at least one antenna for receiving multiple signals over multiple respective channels, each channel being defined by a transmitting satellite and a receiving antenna at opposing ends of the channel. The receiver further comprises at least one correlator for calculating cross-correlation functions between (i) the signals received over the multiple channels and (ii) reference versions of the navigation signals provided by the receiver. The receiver is configured to use the calculated cross-correlation functions to perform a joint estimate of (i) a clock bias of the receiver clock relative to the time reference maintained by the GNSS, and (ii) a composite channel comprising the combined contribution of the multiple channels as a function of time-delay.
This application relates to an aggregated communication network (1) composed of one or more communication networks (50) and comprising a plurality of network nodes arranged in a plurality of hierarchical layers, the network nodes including a central node (300) at the highest layer and the remaining network nodes being arranged, as part of the one or more communication networks (50), in the layers below the highest layer, with one or more spatially distributed network nodes at each layer below the highest layer. Network nodes in at least one layer are configured to measure frequency environments of the respective network node (100, 200) and to generate respective measurement reports and to provide respective measurement reports to higher layers. The central node (300) is configured to generate recommendations for utilizable portions of the frequency spectrum based on the measurement reports and to provide the recommendations to lower layers. The network nodes are further configured to operate and assign portions of a frequency spectrum in accordance with a dynamically variable level of authority that indicates a layer that is the lowest layer including network nodes that are allowed to assign portions of a frequency spectrum to wireless communication links in lower layers. The application further relates to central nodes (300) and network nodes, and to corresponding operation methods.
A satellite communication system includes a first satellite in a geostationary orbit and a plurality of second satellites. Each of the second satellites is in a separate orbit with time-dependent projection on ground. The first satellite is adapted to communicate with one or more user terminals and to communicate with each of the plurality of second satellites via a respective inter-satellite communication link. Further, each of the second satellites is adapted to communicate with one or more feeder link stations. Also disclosed is a method of communicating in a satellite communication system.
The present disclosure relates to a filter for filtering wavelengths of an electromagnetic signal to provide a filtered signal. The filter includes: at least one commensurate-line structure (CLS); and, at least one stub-modified commensurate-line structure (SMCLS) arranged to provide a corresponding at least one transmission zero in the filtered signal.
A space vehicle includes one or more magnetorquers operable to change an attitude of the space vehicle in an external magnetic field, each magnetorquer comprising a coil, and a switching circuit for short-circuiting the coil of at least one of the magnetorquers so that a closed electric circuit comprising said coil is formed, for damping tumbling motion of the space vehicle in the external magnetic field. The switching circuit is configured to short-circuit the coil of the at least one magnetorquer upon occurrence of a condition indicative of end-of-life or failure of the space vehicle. The application further relates to a corresponding method of operating a space vehicle.
B64G 1/32 - Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using earth's magnetic field
B64G 1/36 - Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using sensors, e.g. sun-sensors, horizon sensors
B64G 1/66 - Arrangements or adaptations of apparatus or instruments, not otherwise provided for
H02H 7/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
B64G 1/22 - Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
This application relates to a metasurface antenna for radiating first electromagnetic field radiation. The metasurface antenna comprises a patterned impedance surface with a position-dependent impedance across the surface, at least one feeding element for irradiating the impedance surface with second electromagnetic field radiation, a conductive ground plane being spaced apart from the impedance surface, 5 so that a respective equivalent transverse transmission line is formed between the impedance surface and the ground plane for each position on the impedance surface, and an engageable structure with a plurality of states that is engageable to transition between states, wherein a transition from one state to another is associated with an alteration of an electric length of the equivalent transverse transmission line for at least one position on the impedance surface. The plurality of states correspond to respective beam patterns of the 10 first electromagnetic field radiation that is radiated by the impedance surface in reaction to being irradiated with the second electromagnetic field radiation by the at least one feeding element. The application further relates to a method of designing a metasurface antenna that radiates first electromagnetic field radiation.
H01Q 3/01 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the shape of the antenna or antenna system
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
H01Q 13/20 - Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
45.
Signal overlay design and detection for satellite communication channels
A method for design an optimized constellation set and labeling for satellite point to multi-point transmission systems including transmitters and receivers, wherein the transmitters are adapted to create signals overlay and are configured to allow simultaneous transmission of at least two different data streams (services) intended for users with different radio link qualities. In particular, N services are provided to users having a good radio link and a subset of services is maintained and guaranteed for the users having a lower radio link quality condition.
A method of determining a phase shift caused by reflection at, or transmission through, a dielectric coating as a function of wavenumber includes obtaining a nominal phase shift for the dielectric coating as a function of wavenumber, determining a first wavenumber and a second wavenumber for performing measurements of phase shift at these wavenumbers based on the nominal phase shift, determining a wavenumber shift based on a first measurement of phase shift at the first wavenumber, a second measurement of phase shift at the second wavenumber, and the nominal phase shift as a function of wavenumber, and determining the phase shift as a function of wavenumber based on the wavenumber shift and the nominal phase. Further described is a method of determining a layer design for a dielectric coating, wherein the dielectric coating comprises a plurality of stacked layers.
A method of encoding fixed length data bit strings includes receiving and sequentially encoding a sequence of data bit strings. For a data bit string immediately following a preceding data bit string, this includes obtaining a reference bit string, and a mask bit string and a tracking bit string as present at the end of a previous encoding of the preceding data bit string, identifying bits that differ form corresponding bits in the reference bit string, determining, as unpredictable bits, all those bits in the data bit string that are indicated as not predictable by the mask bit string and are not in bit positions indicated by the tracking bit string, generating a sequence of position indicators, generating an encoded data packet that includes representations of values of the unpredictable bits and the sequence of positon indicators, and periodically updating the mask bit string and the tracking bit string.
H03M 7/00 - Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
H03M 7/30 - CompressionExpansionSuppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
48.
Method and system for processing a GNSS signal using homomorphic encryption
An apparatus and method are described for processing a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal, the GNSS comprising multiple satellites, wherein each satellite transmits a respective navigation signal containing a spreading code. The method comprises receiving an incoming signal at a receiver, wherein the incoming signal may contain navigation signals from one or more satellites; encrypting the incoming signal at the receiver using a homomorphic encryption scheme to form an encrypted signal; and transmitting the encrypted signal from the receiver to a remote server.
This application relates to a circularly polarized, CP, antenna. The CP antenna comprises a first dipole antenna and a second dipole antenna arranged to cross at their respective centers, each dipole antenna comprising a pair of arms of equal electrical length. One arm of the first dipole antenna is linked to one arm of the second dipole antenna for being coupled to one conductor of a feed line for feeding the CP antenna, and the other arm of the first dipole antenna is linked to the other arm of the second dipole antenna for being coupled to the other conductor of the feed line. Each arm comprises a respective wound wire that is wound into a coil-like structure. The first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna have different electrical lengths, with the difference in electrical length (possibly in conjunction with an angle between the two dipole antennas) being chosen such that a phase difference between radiated fields from the first and second dipole antennas is substantially 90 degrees.
H01Q 1/24 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 21/26 - Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
50.
Directional coupler and a method of manufacturing thereof
A directional coupler (100) comprises two hollow bodies (200, 201) forming two waveguide portions. Each hollow body has an open end arranged at a first side (10) of the hollow body and another open end arranged at a second side (20) of the hollow body opposite to the first side in a longitudinal direction (30) of the hollow body. The hollow body has a first cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. A second cross section along the longitudinal direction defines a first plane of propagation of the electric field. The two waveguide portions have a common wall along the longitudinal direction (30) forming a septum (400) between the two waveguide portions on a second plane orthogonal to the first plane. The septum has an aperture (410) for coupling the two waveguide portions. The aperture has a shape comprising a part (420) slanted with respect to the longitudinal direction.
H01P 5/18 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
H01P 5/04 - Coupling devices of the waveguide type with variable factor of coupling
H01P 1/17 - Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation for producing a continuously rotating polarisation, e.g. circular polarisation
H01P 11/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
51.
Exothermic reaction aided spacecraft demise during re-entry
A space vehicle element configured to be at least partially destroyed during re-entry of a space vehicle into the atmosphere comprises a heat generating part comprising a metallo-thermal composition for providing additional heat during re-entry of the space vehicle into the atmosphere by an exothermic reaction of the metallo-thermal composition. The destruction of the space vehicle element is expedited by the additional heat provided by the heat generating part. The heat generating part is at least partially integrated within the space vehicle element or at least partially surrounds a portion of the space vehicle element. The application further relates to a corresponding method of manufacturing a space vehicle element configured to be destroyed during re-entry of the space vehicle into the atmosphere.
A method of controlling transmission of signals in a group of beams emitted by a satellite, wherein each beam has an associated area of coverage, includes adjusting an allocation of a channel resource by re-distributing portions of the channel resource among the beams in the group of beams in accordance with respective capacity demands for the areas of coverage of the beams in the group. The method further includes obtaining, for each of the areas of coverage, an indication of a signal quality from a terminal in the respective area of coverage for the adjusted allocation of the channel resource, and applying a co-channel interference mitigating technique to the group of beams in accordance with the obtained indications of the signal quality. The application further relates to an apparatus for performing such method.
This application relates to a method of determining a phase shift caused by reflection at, or transmission through, a dielectric coating as function of wavenumber. The method comprises obtaining a nominal phase shift (step 110 in Fig. 1) for the dielectric coating as function of wavenumber, determining (step 120 in Fig. 1) a first wavenumber and a second wavenumber for performing measurements of phase shift at these wavenumbers, based on the nominal phase shift, determining a wavenumber shift (step 130 in Fig. 1) based on a first measurement of phase shift at the first wavenumber, a second measurement of phase shift at the second wavenumber, and the nominal phase shift as function of wavenumber, determining the phase shift (step 140 in Fig. 1) as function of wavenumber based on the wavenumber shift and the nominal phase. The application further relates to a method of determining a layer design for a dielectric coating, wherein the dielectric coating comprises a plurality of stacked layers and a metric.
A method for design an optimized constellation set and labeling for satellite point to multi- point transmission systems comprising transmitters and receivers, wherein said transmitters are adapted to create signals overlay and are configured to allow simultaneous transmission of at least two different data streams (services) intended for users with different radio link qualities. In particular, N services are provided to users having a good radio link and a subset of services is maintained and guaranteed for the users having a lower radio link quality condition.
A method and receiver for processing a wide-band signal are provided. The receiver is configured to: receive a wide-band signal comprising N narrow-band signals, the wide-band signal using frequency division multiplexing to accommodate the N narrow-band signals on respective sub-carriers at different frequencies within the wide-band signal; divide the wide-band signal into P sub-bands, where P≥2, each sub-band comprising one or more sub-carriers, each sub-carrier accommodating a respective one of the N narrow-band signals, and at least one sub-band comprising two or more sub-carriers; for each of the N narrow-band signals, correlate the received narrow-band signal to produce a sub-carrier cross-correlation function; for each sub-band, coherently sum the one or more sub-carrier cross-correlation functions for that sub-band to create a sub-band cross-correlation function; and sum non-coherently the sub-band cross-correlation functions of all of the P sub-bands to produce a cross-correlation function for the wide-band signal. In some implementations, the wide-band signal comprises a wide-band global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal comprising a spreading code, and the receiver is configured to use the received spreading code for determining the location of the receiver.
The method comprises receiving a plurality of data packets of time series data and sequentially encoding the plurality of data packets. Sequentially encoding the plurality of data packets comprises, for a data packet among the plurality of data packets, obtaining a reference data packet for the data packet, obtaining a mask packet indicative of which of the bits in the data packet are predictable and which of the bits in the data packet are not predictable obtaining change history data indicative of previously changed bits of the mask packet, determining an updated mask packet based on the mask packet, the data packet, and the reference data packet, determining updated change history data based on the change history data, the mask packet, and the updated mask packet, determining, as unpredictable bits, all those bits of the data packet that are indicated as not predictable by the updated mask packet, and generating an encoded data packet including a representation of the updated change history data and a representation of values of the unpredictable bits of the data packet.
A transceiver for imparting a voltage signal on a differential signaling bus, involving an output terminal and a string of one or more transistors connected between the output terminal and a predetermined voltage level. The transceiver can be switched between an active state in which the predetermined voltage level is applied to the output terminal, and an inactive state in which the predetermined voltage level is not applied to the output terminal. Methods for the transceiver can involve a detection step of detecting a first quantity depending on a current flowing through a first transistor in the string of transistors, a failure determination step of determining whether the detected first quantity satisfies one or more error conditions, and a control step of switching the transceiver to the inactive state if the detected first quantity is determined to satisfy at least one of the one or more error conditions.
G06F 13/42 - Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshakeSynchronisation
H02H 3/20 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess voltage
A directional coupler (100) comprises two hollow bodies (200, 201) forming two waveguide portions. Each hollow body has an open end arranged at a first side (10) of the hollow body and another open end arranged at a second side (20) of the hollow body opposite to the first side in a longitudinal direction (30) of the hollow body. The hollow body has a first cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. A second cross section along the longitudinal direction defines a first plane of propagation of the electric field. The two waveguide portions have a common wall along the longitudinal direction (30) forming a septum (400) between the two waveguide portions on a second plane orthogonal to the first plane. The septum has an aperture (410) for coupling the two waveguide portions. The aperture has a shape comprising a part (420) slanted with respect to the longitudinal direction.
H01P 1/17 - Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation for producing a continuously rotating polarisation, e.g. circular polarisation
H01P 5/18 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
59.
High voltage tolerant CMOS driver for low-voltage bi-directional communication buses
A bi-state driver circuit for switching an output terminal between a first predetermined voltage level and a high impedance state, which involves a first string of transistors connected between the output terminal and the first predetermined voltage level at least a first transistor arranged closer to the first predetermined voltage level, a second transistor arranged closer to the output terminal, a voltage divider circuit connected between the output terminal and a voltage level of a control signal attaining voltage levels between the first predetermined voltage level and a second predetermined voltage level, including at least one intermediate node having an intermediate voltage level between a voltage level of the output terminal and the voltage level of the control signal, and a second string of transistors connected between the intermediate node of the voltage divider circuit and the second predetermined voltage level, and including at least a third transistor.
H03B 1/00 - GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNERGENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS Details
H03K 3/00 - Circuits for generating electric pulsesMonostable, bistable or multistable circuits
H03K 19/003 - Modifications for increasing the reliability
An imaging spectrometer receives a beam of light from a slit and outputs the beam of light to a focal plane. The output beam of light at the focal plane is dispersed in accordance with a spectral composition of the beam of light received from the slit. The imaging spectrometer comprises first to fourth curved reflective portions. The first to fourth curved reflective portions are arranged so that the beam of light, in its passage from the slit to the focal plane, sequentially strikes the first to fourth curved reflective portions and is reflected by the first to fourth curved reflective portions. Further, the first to fourth curved reflective portions are alternatingly concave or convex, respectively, along the passage of the beam of light. At least one of the first to fourth curved reflective portions has a reflective grating structure. Further disclosed is a method of manufacturing such imaging spectrometer.
E radiating elements (RE), and method of operating such a front-end circuit.
E radiating elements (RE). The high power amplifiers (HPA) are variable bias high power amplifiers (VB-HPA).
H01Q 1/28 - Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
H01Q 3/40 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with phasing matrix
H01Q 19/17 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
This application relates to a method of controlling transmission of signals in a group of beams emitted by a satellite, wherein each beam has an associated area of coverage. The method comprises adjusting an allocation of a channel resource by re-distributing portions of the channel resource among the beams in the group of beams in accordance with respective capacity demands for the areas of coverage of the beams in the group, obtaining, for each of the areas of coverage, an indication of a signal quality from a terminal in the respective area of coverage for the adjusted allocation of the channel resource, and applying a co-channel interference mitigating technique to the group of beams in accordance with the obtained indications of the signal quality. The application further relates to an apparatus for performing such method.
This application relates to a method of determining integrity information for a GNSS receiver device. The GNSS receiver device includes a GNSS receiver for receiving signals from a plurality of GNSS satellites and a computation unit for determining navigation information indicative of a position of the GNSS receiver device based on the received signals. The method includes determining first information indicative of a status of the plurality of GNSS satellites and transmitting said first information to the GNSS receiver device, and determining a first level of reliability based on second information indicative of a status of a portion of ionosphere that is passed by the signals from the plurality of GNSS satellites on their passage from respective GNSS satellites to the GNSS receiver and transmitting an indication of said first level of reliability to the GNSS receiver device. The first level of reliability is determined such that a first indication indicating that a navigation operation relying on the navigation information may be commenced may be generated at the GNSS receiver device if a first quantity indicative of a reliability of the navigation information satisfies the first level of reliability, wherein the first quantity is obtainable based on the first information and third information indicative of a geometry of the plurality of GNSS satellites. The application further relates to an apparatus for determining integrity information for a user of a GNSS receiver device and to a GNSS receiver device.
G01S 19/08 - Cooperating elementsInteraction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing integrity information, e.g. health of satellites or quality of ephemeris data
65.
Joint transmitter signal processing in multi-beam satellite systems
A, method and apparatus for wirelessly transmitting data to a plurality of terminals in each of a plurality of beams through a plurality of transmit feeds includes selecting, for each beam, two or more terminals among the plurality of terminals in the beam as a subgroup of terminals, on the basis of channel state information of the plurality of terminals; determining, for each beam, equivalent channel state information representing the subgroup of terminals in the beam on the basis of the channel state information of the terminals of at least one of the plural subgroups of terminals; and determining a set of weight coefficients that relate the plurality of transmit feeds to a plurality of signals that are intended for transmission in the plurality of beams on the basis of the equivalent channel state information representing the plural subgroups of terminals. Also disclosed is a method and apparatus for receiving data transmitted via wireless transmission to a plurality of beams through a plurality of transmit feeds and estimating a channel on the basis of the received data. The present disclosure is advantageously applicable to satellite communication systems.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
This application relates to a microwave branching switch (1) for selectively interconnecting terminals of a plurality of microwave transmission lines (11-14), comprising four microwave transmission lines (11-14), each with a terminal (21-24); a housing (20) in which the terminals (21-24) of the plurality of microwave transmission lines (11-14) are arranged; a switching portion (30) with a junction portion (31) for selectively interconnecting terminals (21-24) of the plurality of microwave transmission lines (11-14) by selectively interconnecting the respective microwave transmission lines (11-14), wherein the switching portion (30) is switchable between a first position and a second position; wherein the switching portion (30) with the junction portion (31) is dimensioned and positioned inside the housing (20) in dependence of an arrangement of the plurality of microwave transmission lines (11-14) such that the junction portion (31) interconnects a first group of terminals (21, 23, 24) of the plurality of microwave transmission lines (11-14) when the switching portion (30) is in the first position and interconnects a second group of terminals (21, 22, 24) of the plurality of microwave transmission lines (11-14) when the switching portion (30) is in the second position, wherein the first group of terminals (21, 23, 24) and the second group of terminals (21, 22, 24) differ in at least one terminal (22, 23) of the plurality of microwave transmission lines (11-14) and wherein the first group of terminals (21, 23, 24) comprises at least three terminals (21, 23, 24) of the plurality of microwave transmission lines (11-14).
A multiport distribution network is provided that supports N inputs and N outputs, where N>1, the multipart distribution network providing an independent distribution path extending from each input to each output, each path being formed from a sequence of at least two fundamental units. Each fundamental unit comprises a circuit formed of multiple resonator cavities and having n input ports for receiving respective input signals, and n output ports for outputting respective output signals, where n>1, and wherein the circuit is configured to: (i) at each input port, split an input signal received at that input port into n equal signal components and provide each of the n signal components to a respective output port of the circuit; and (ii) at each output port, combine the signal components received from the n input ports to form an output signal for that output port. The multipart distribution network is configured to apply the same filter transfer function along each independent distribution path.
H01P 5/12 - Coupling devices having more than two ports
H01P 5/18 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
A method for designing a surface pattern for an impedance surface which results in a position-dependent target impedance of said impedance surface, and the impedance surface having the position-dependent target impedance radiates a desired first-type electromagnetic field radiation in reaction to being irradiated by a second-type electromagnetic field radiation. The method includes obtaining a first modal representation on the basis of the first-type electromagnetic field radiation in terms of a set of base modes that are chosen in accordance with a model function of the position-dependent target impedance, and obtaining a second modal representation on the basis of the second-type electromagnetic field radiation and the model function in terms of the set of base modes. The method further includes obtaining a first position-dependent quantity indicative of the position-dependent target impedance on the basis of the first modal representation and the second modal representation by determining values for a plurality of parameters of the model function for maximizing an overlap between the first modal representation and the second modal representation, and obtaining, as the surface pattern, a second position-dependent quantity indicative of geometric characteristics of the impedance surface on the basis of the first position-dependent quantity and a relationship between geometric characteristics of the impedance surface and corresponding impedance values.
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
69.
Receiving method and receiver for satellite-based automatic identification systems
A method for demodulating a received signal relating to a sequence of transmitted symbols that have been modulated by continuous phase modulation includes normalizing samples of a sequence of samples generated from the received signal, to obtain a normalized sequence of samples, wherein an amplitude of each sample of the normalized sequence of samples has an absolute value equal to unity; estimating, on the basis of the normalized sequence of samples, a time offset and a frequency offset of the received signal, and using the estimated time offset and the estimated frequency offset for compensating the normalized sequence of samples for the time and frequency offsets, to obtain a compensated sequence of samples; and determining a sequence of symbols corresponding to the transmitted sequence of symbols on the basis of the compensated sequence of samples. Also disclosed is a receiver for demodulating a received signal relating to a sequence of transmitted symbols that have been modulated by continuous phase modulation.
H04L 7/00 - Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
H04L 27/227 - Demodulator circuitsReceiver circuits using coherent demodulation
H04L 27/233 - Demodulator circuitsReceiver circuits using non-coherent demodulation
H04L 1/00 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
H03M 13/09 - Error detection only, e.g. using cyclic redundancy check [CRC] codes or single parity bit
H03M 13/15 - Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes
This application relates to a bi-state driver circuit (100) for switching an output terminal (60) between a first predetermined voltage level (VSS) and a high impedance state. The bi-state driver circuit (100) comprises a first string of transistors (10) connected between the output terminal (60) and the first predetermined voltage level (VSS) and comprising at least a first transistor (11-1) arranged closer to the first predetermined voltage level (VSS) and a second transistor (11-2) arranged closer to the output terminal (60), a voltage divider circuit (50) connected between the output terminal (60) and a voltage level of a control signal (TX) attaining voltage levels between the first predetermined voltage level and a second predetermined voltage level, comprising at least one intermediate node having an intermediate voltage level between a voltage level of the output terminal and the voltage level of the control signal, and a second string of transistors (20-1) connected between the intermediate node (51-1) of the voltage divider circuit (50) and the second predetermined voltage level (VDD), and comprising at least a third transistor (21-1-1). A control terminal of the second transistor (21-1-1) is connected to the intermediate node (51-1). The first transistor (11-1) is configured to be switched in accordance with the control signal (TX). The third transistor is configured to be switched in accordance with the control signal, in a phase-locked relationship with the first transistor. The application further relates to a driver circuit for switching a first output terminal between a first output voltage level and a high impedance state, and for switching a second output terminal between a second output voltage level and the high impedance state. The application yet further relates to a method of controlling a bi-state driver circuit.
This application relates to a method of operating a transceiver for imparting a voltage signal on a differential signaling bus, wherein the transceiver comprises an output terminal and a string of one or more transistors connected between the output terminal and a predetermined voltage level, and wherein the transceiver can be switched between an active state in which the predetermined voltage level is applied to the output terminal, and an inactive state in which the predetermined voltage level is not applied to the output terminal. The method comprises a detection step of detecting a first quantity depending on a current flowing through a first transistor in the string of transistors, a failure determination step of determining whether the detected first quantity satisfies one or more error conditions, and a control step of switching the transceiver to the inactive state if the detected first quantity is determined to satisfy at least one of the one or more error conditions. The application further relates to a transceiver for imparting a voltage signal on a differential signaling bus.
H02H 3/20 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess voltage
H04B 7/04 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
H04B 7/0456 - Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices for antenna weighting
H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
A foil deployment mechanism comprises a first drum rotatable about a first longitudinal axis, and a second drum rotatable about a second longitudinal axis. The foil deployment mechanism further comprises a cable, the cable comprising a first section which extends from a lower part of the second drum to an upper part of the first drum, a second section which is wound around a part of the first drum facing away from the second drum, a third section which extends from a lower part of the first drum to an upper part of the second drum, and a fourth section which is wound around a part of the second drum facing away from the first drum, wherein the first section and the third section intersect each other between the first drum and the second drum when being viewed along the first longitudinal axis.
A mode extractor for extracting TM01 mode from an electromagnetic signal, including a first and second turnstile junction, each of the turnstile junctions having first port, four second ports of rectangular waveguide which are mutually orthogonal and orthogonal to first port and matching section provided at least partially in center region of respective turnstile junction, center region being located at intersection of first port and four second ports wherein first and second turnstile junction are arranged so that longitudinal axes of their first ports are aligned with each other and their first ports are facing in opposite directions, each of the second ports of first turnstile junction is electromagnetically coupled to corresponding one of second ports of second turnstile junction, and a coaxial coupling device is inserted into matching section of first turnstile junction so that a portion of coaxial coupling device extends into first port of first turnstile junction.
G01S 13/44 - Monopulse radar, i.e. simultaneous lobing
H01P 1/161 - Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotionAuxiliary devices for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
H01P 1/16 - Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotionAuxiliary devices for mode conversion
H01P 5/08 - Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking lines or devices of different kinds
H01P 5/19 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port of the junction type
A dosimeter system for determining radiation exposure including first and second units, where the first unit determines a first quantity indicating influence of a first radiation field, and transmitting the first quantity by the first detecting-unit to the second unit, where the second unit determines second quantity indicative of influence of a second radiation field on biological tissue, third detecting-unit determines a third quantity indicative of an influence of the second radiation field, where the third detecting-unit is of the same type as the first detecting-unit included by the first unit, and determining quantity for adjusting the first quantity on basis of the second quantity by the second detecting-unit and third quantity by the third detecting-unit, adjusting the first quantity so a fourth quantity indicative of an influence of the first radiation field on biological tissue based on the first quantity by the first detecting-unit and adjusting the first quantity.
The present invention relates to a system for contactless induction of high-frequency vibrations in a volume of molten metal during the manufacturing of a metal component or a metal matrix composite component. The system includes a moveably arranged electromagnetic primary coil, adjustment means for adjusting the position of the primary coil, and a control unit for controlling the position of the primary coil to a predefined distance above, but not in contact with, an upper free surface of the molten metal. The molten metal may be contained in a foundry crucible during manufacturing. The system can be used as an additive manufacturing system, with the primary coil arranged above the melt pool. A secondary low-frequency electromagnetic coil may be arranged around and at a distance from the molten metal to induce flow and/or vibrations in the molten metal.
B22D 27/08 - Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds
B22D 1/00 - Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
B22D 19/14 - Casting in, on, or around, objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
B22D 19/16 - Casting in, on, or around, objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
B22F 3/105 - Sintering only by using electric current, laser radiation or plasma
C21C 5/52 - Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
C21C 7/00 - Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups
C22C 32/00 - Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
C22C 47/08 - Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
A method of determining link failure in a receiver for receiving a differential voltage signal via a first signal line and a second signal line, the method including: obtaining a first quantity depending on the larger one of a maximum value over time of a voltage level that is attained in the first signal line and a maximum value over time of a voltage level that is attained in the second signal line; obtaining a second quantity depending on a maximum value over time of an average of an instantaneous voltage level in the first signal line and an instantaneous voltage level in the second signal line; and determining that the link failure has occurred on the basis of the first quantity and the second quantity.
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a bulk metallic glass component 9. The method comprises providing a template 1, embedding the template 1 in a thermosetting polymer 3 and curing this polymer. The template 1 may e.g. be made by 3D-printing of a plastic material. The template 1 is removed from the cured thermosetting polymer 3 to obtain a mould 4 containing a mould cavity 5. A bulk metallic glass feedstock 7 is heated into the super-cooled liquid temperature region and pressed through an inlet in the mould 4 to plastically flow into and fill the mould cavity 5. After this hot-pressing step, the mould 4 and the bulk metallic glass are cooled, and the thermosetting polymer mould 4 is removed to reveal the thus formed bulk metallic glass component9.A component 9 comprising a coating 11 can be made by, as a part of the process, applying this coating 11 either to the template 1 before embedding or to the mould cavity 5.
B22D 17/00 - Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
B22D 21/00 - Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedureSelection of compositions therefor
79.
METHODS FOR PRODUCTION OF ALLOY WIRES AND SHAPED ALLOY COMPONENTS FROM MIXED METAL HALIDES
A method of forming an alloy wire or shaped alloy component is described. A length of elongated core is exposed to a fluid mixture comprising two or more different metal halides, sufficient heat is applied to the length of halide-exposed elongated core to initiate dissociation of the two or more metal halides and maintained for sufficient time to deposit on the length of elongated core an alloy coating comprising the two or more metals, thereby forming an alloy wire. The elongated core may be coiled into a desired shape, optionally with the aid of a mandrel, allowing the formation of a shaped alloy component.
C23C 16/08 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material from metal halides
C23C 16/46 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for heating the substrate
C23C 16/54 - Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating
C23C 18/08 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of metallic material
80.
JOINT TRANSMITTER SIGNAL PROCESSING IN MULTI-BEAM SATELLITE SYSTEMS
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for wirelessly transmitting data to a plurality of terminals in each of a plurality of beams through a plurality of transmit feeds, the method comprising: selecting, for each beam, two or more terminals among the plurality of terminals in the beam as a subgroup of terminals, on the basis of channel state information of the plurality of terminals; determining, for each beam, equivalent channel state information representing the subgroup of terminals in the beam on the basis of the channel state information of the terminals of at least one of the plural subgroups of terminals; and determining a set of weight coefficients that relate the plurality of transmit feeds to a plurality of signals that are intended for transmission in the plurality of beams on the basis of the equivalent channel state information representing the plural subgroups of terminals. The invention further relates to a method and apparatus for receiving data transmitted via wireless transmission to a plurality of beams through a plurality of transmit feeds and estimating a channel on the basis of the received data. The present invention is advantageously applicable to satellite communication systems.
H04B 7/04 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
A method of transmitting data packets from a terminal (T) to a gateway receiver (GWR) over a channel shared with other terminals using an unslotted spread spectrum random access protocol, characterized in that transmission is performed at a transmit power level given by the sum of a deterministic term, function of a communication link budget, and of a random term, following a predetermined probability distribution. A method of operating a communication system, based on the method of transmitting data packets. A communication system and a terminal for implementing the methods.
NOSA>1 output ports connected to respective antenna ports of the beam-forming network, for associating to each output port a linear combination of input signals from respective input ports.
H04K 1/10 - Secret communication by using two signals transmitted simultaneously or successively
H04L 27/28 - Systems using multi-frequency codes with simultaneous transmission of different frequencies each representing one code element
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H01Q 3/40 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with phasing matrix
H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
83.
Array antenna with optimized elements positions and dimensions
A method of manufacturing an array antenna comprising: a design phase wherein an array layout of said array antenna is synthesized and radiating elements are designed to be arranged according to said array layout; and a phase of physically making said array antenna wherein the radiating elements are arranged according to said array layout. The design phase comprises the steps of: defining a continuous reference aperture; subdividing said continuous reference aperture into a plurality of elementary cells with assigned power levels; determining, within each said elementary cell, a position for at least one maximum efficiency radiating element; determining a size and an aperture field amplitude of each said maximum efficiency radiating element, such that a variation of a cumulative field distribution of the resulting array antenna aperture over each said elementary cell is substantially equal to a variation of a cumulative field distribution of said reference aperture over the same elementary cell, subject to size constraints.
G06F 17/14 - Fourier, Walsh or analogous domain transformations
H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path
H01Q 21/22 - Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
G05B 19/4097 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
84.
Data detection method and data detector for signals transmitted over a communication channel with inter-symbol interference
k. A data detector for carrying out such a method, and a method of transmitting data over a nonlinear channel, optimizing spectral efficiency when data detection is performed using such a method is also provided.
Provided is a hand controller device for detecting movement of one or more fingers of a user holding the device. The device includes: a support structure and opposing first and second finger supporting means, at least one of the finger supporting means being movably coupled to the support structure so that a movement of the movable supporting means increases or reduces an opening angle and/or distance between the opposing first and second finger supporting means; and a force and/or torque generation means that generates a force and/or torque between the first and second finger supporting means. The first and second finger supporting means include a finger detecting means to detect if the user's finger is in contact with a surface of the first and/or second finger supporting means, independently of whether or not the movable supporting means is moved.
A multi-faceted deployable antenna frame including a six-bar linkage structure in a lateral facet of the antenna frame, the six-bar linkage structure being convertible from a folded state into a deployed state and having two first bars and four second bars, each bar being coupled to two others by a hinge to form a closed loop, where in the deployed state, the six-bar linkage structure has a quadrilateral shape. The antenna frame also includes a deployment means for deploying the antenna frame by moving the six-bar linkage structures from the folded state into the deployed state, the deployment means including: a flexible, elongated member of a substantially inextensible material; a first guiding means provided at an end portion of one of the first bars and coupled to the elongated member; a storage means provided at the first bar that includes the first guiding means for storing a part of the elongated member; a driving means that is coupled to the elongated member to pull the elongated member to the storing means when deploying the antenna frame; and a second guiding means between two adjacent second bars, the elongated member being coupled to the second guiding means. A first end of the elongated member is attached to the storing means and a second end of the elongated member is coupled to another first bar, and wherein the elongated member is extending between said first end and said second end along a plurality of second bars.
An Uplink Power Control method of adjusting an operating point of a High-Power Amplifier (HPA) of a ground-to-satellite emitter (GWj, GWk, GWl) as a function of propagation attenuation, characterized in that the method includes the steps of: a) determining an optimal Output Back Off value of the High-Power Amplifier which, for an operational propagation attenuation level, maximizes a Signal over Noise plus total interference ratio at the satellite taking into account contributions from cochannel and cross-polar interferences, intermodulation interferences and thermal noise; and b) setting the operating point of the High-Power Amplifier at the optimal Output Back Off value. A ground-to-satellite emitter comprising a High-Power Amplifier (HPA), a control means (PROC) for adjusting an operating point of said High-Power Amplifier by carrying out such a method.
A method of forming a superconducting component is described. A starting component comprising a first element is embedded in a powder or granular starting admixture comprising a source of a second element, an activator and an inert filler and sealed in a reaction vessel. Sufficient heat is applied to volatilize the second element and initiate a reaction that produces a superconducting material comprising the first and second elements. The reaction is maintained for sufficient time to transform the first element in the starting component into a superconducting material.
14 - Precious metals and their alloys; jewelry; time-keeping instruments
Goods & Services
Precious metals and their alloys; jewelry; jewelry products;
precious stones; timepieces and chronometric instruments,
namely watches, wristwatches, wristwatches with a function
for displaying time (hour display and/or chronometric
display), chronographs, chronometers, clocks, alarm clocks,
wall clocks; parts and accessories of timepieces and
chronometric instruments, namely hands, anchors, pendulums,
barrels, dials, clockworks, watch springs, watch glasses,
watch bands, watch chains, watch cases, presentation cases
for timepieces, cases for timepieces.
90.
RECEIVING METHOD AND RECEIVER FOR SATELLITE-BASED AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS
The invention relates to a method for demodulating a received signal relating to a sequence of transmitted symbols that have been modulated by continuous phase modulation, the method comprising the steps of: normalizing samples of a sequence of samples generated from the received signal, to obtain a normalized sequence of samples, wherein an amplitude of each sample of the normalized sequence of samples has an absolute value equal to unity, estimating, on the basis of the normalized sequence of samples, a time offset and a frequency offset of the received signal, and using the estimated time offset and the estimated frequency offset for compensating the normalized sequence of samples for the time and frequency offsets, to obtain a compensated sequence of samples, and determining a sequence of symbols corresponding to the transmitted sequence of symbols on the basis of the compensated sequence of samples. The invention further relates to a receiver for demodulating a received signal relating to a sequence of transmitted symbols that have been modulated by continuous phase modulation.
OFFICE NATIONAL D'TUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AÉROSPATIALES (France)
EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY (France)
OFFICE NATIONAL D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AÉROSPATIALES (France)
Inventor
Angeletti, Piero
De Gaudenzi, Riccardo
Re, Emiliano
Jeannin, Nicolas
Vernucci, Alfredo
Abstract
GW gateway stations exchange data with K user beams, each of the gateway stations allocating a fraction of its bandwidth to each of the user beams; and in case of fading, data are switched from faded to unfaded gateway stations, whereby none of said user terminals experiences service outage. A method of performing satellite communication using the satellite communication system, and a multibeam communication satellite payload for carrying out the method are provided.
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a ceramic article (3) from a metal or metal matrix composite preform (1) provided by 3D-printing or by 3D-weaving. The preform (1) is placed in a heating chamber (2), and a predetermined time-temperature profile is applied in order to controllably react the preform (1) with a gas introduced into the heating chamber (2). The metal, the gas and the time-temperature profile are chosen so as to induce a metal-gas reaction resulting in at least a part of the preform (1) transforming into a ceramic. Preferred embodiments of the invention comprises a first oxidation stage involving a metal-gas reaction in order to form a supporting oxide layer (5) at the surface of the metal, followed by a second stage in which the heating chamber (2) is heated to a temperature above the melting point of the metal to increase the kinetics of the chemical reaction. The invention also relates to a number of advantageous uses of a ceramic article manufactured as described.
C04B 35/01 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxides
B22F 1/02 - Special treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working, to improve properties; Metallic powders per se, e.g. mixtures of particles of different composition comprising coating of the powder
B22F 3/105 - Sintering only by using electric current, laser radiation or plasma
B29C 67/00 - Shaping techniques not covered by groups , or
C04B 35/547 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxides based on sulfides or selenides
C04B 35/553 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxides based on fluorides
C04B 35/56 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxides based on carbides
C04B 35/58 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxides based on borides, nitrides or silicides
C04B 35/65 - Reaction sintering of free metal- or free silicon-containing compositions
C04B 38/00 - Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic warePreparation thereof
93.
Deployable tensegrity structure, especially for space applications
A deployable structure comprises a first and second flexible tension members respectively defining a first and second contours of a ring. A first plurality of rigid compression members extends between the first and second contours. Only one end of each first plurality compression member is mounted on the first contour. A second plurality of rigid compression members extends between the first and second contours. Only one end of each second plurality compression member is mounted on the second contour. The first and second plurality of compression members are arranged with a repetitive crossing pattern around the ring. A first plurality of flexible tension members link each end of a compression member mounted on one of said contours to an end of another non-mounted compression member and a second plurality of flexible tension members link each end of a non-mounted compression member to an end of another non-mounted compression member.
A mechanical support ring structure for supporting a deployable space reflector antenna. The mechanical support ring structure is convertible from a folded state into a deployed state and includes a ring-shaped pantograph having a plurality of circumferentially arranged pantograph sections which are deployable for converting the mechanical support ring structure from the folded state into the deployed state, and a plurality of circumferentially arranged support rods, each pantograph section being arranged between a respective pair of support rods, wherein each pantograph section includes one or more pairs of pantograph rods which intersect crosswise with each other at a respective crossing position.
The present invention relates to a system for contactless induction of high-frequency vibrations in a volume of molten metal (1) during the manufacturing of a metal component or a metal matrix composite component. The system comprises a moveably arranged electromagnetic primary coil (2), adjustment means (3) for adjusting the position of the primary coil (2), and a control unit (5) for controlling the position of the primary coil (2) to a predefined distance above and not in physical contact with an upper free surface (4) of the molten metal (1) during use of the system. In some embodiments of the invention the molten metal (1) is contained in a foundry crucible (7) during manufacturing. In other embodiments, the system is used for an additive manufacturing system, so that the primary coil (2) is arranged above the melt pool (16). In both embodiments, a secondary low-frequency electromagnetic coil (9) may be arranged around and at a distance from the molten metal (1). This secondary coil (9) is used to induce flow and/or vibrations in the molten metal (1) which is particularly useful during manufacturing of large components.
C23C 26/02 - Coating not provided for in groups applying molten material to the substrate
B22D 19/14 - Casting in, on, or around, objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
B22D 19/16 - Casting in, on, or around, objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
A method and system are disclosed for producing a wire including a core and one or more different multi-elemental coatings suitable for use in additive manufacturing and other applications. An elongated heat-resistant core is coated by passing it longitudinally through one or more melt pools formed by applying one or more directed heat sources to the upward-facing surfaces of one or more consolidated elemental blocks having one or more defined average elemental compositions. The coated core, once cooled to form wire, may be stored or used directly in additive manufacturing or other applications.
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a metal matrix composite component (9). It comprises the use of a container (1) having a first compartment (2) and a second compartment (3) interconnected by a passage (4). A porous reinforcement preform (6) is placed in the first compartment (2), and matrix metal (7) is placed in the second compartment (3). The container (1) is then evacuated and sealed. The container (1) and its content is heated to above a melting temperature of the matrix metal (7) at least until the matrix metal (7) has melted. Then a high pressure P is applied to the outside of the container (1) so that at least the second compartment (3) is deformed to such an extent that melted matrix metal (7) is forced to flow via the passage (4) into the first compartment (2) and to infiltrate the porous reinforcement preform (6). The method may preferably be carried out in a hot isostatic pressure vessel (8). The preform (6) may be made from a ceramic or metal material and is typically made from one or more of the following: nanoparticles, microparticles, fibres, wires and 3D woven structure.
C22C 32/00 - Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
C22C 47/06 - Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
C22C 47/12 - Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure
METHOD OF AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING AN ELONGATED ALLOY COMPONENT HAVING CONTROLLED LONGITUDINAL COMPOSITION VARIATION; CORRESPONDING ELONGATED ALLOY COMPONENT
The present invention relates to elongated alloy components (5), such as wires or tapes, comprising a heat-resistant core and an alloy coating with a controlled longitudinally variable composition, suitable for combinatorial alloy discovery and development and other uses. A method for synthesizing such components (5), comprising passing a heat-resistant core (5) through a molten region (7) comprising a first material, while one or more other materials are introduced into the molten region (7), are disclosed, as is a system suitable for synthesizing and characterizing such components (5).
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a component (1) by additive manufacturing. The method comprises providing a work surface (2) on which the component (1) is to be manufactured, and providing at least one deposition material (3) from which the component (1) is to be composed. The deposition material, typically in the form of wire, is advanced to a localized deposition area (4) where it is added to the component (1) being manufactured. The method further comprises focusing at least one light beam (5) of incoherent light emitted from at least one heating source (6) in the deposition area (4) so that the deposition material (3) is deposited for building up the component (1). At least one light focusing mirror (7) and/or lens (11) is used to focus the incoherent light in the deposition area (4). The invention further relates to the use of such a method in space, such as on a space station, on a space craft or on parabolic flights for testing.
