[Problem] Although a secondary battery for use in a power grid having a DC power system is preferably adaptable to float charging, the float charging causes a vicious circle of an increase in battery temperature, a reduction in battery internal resistance, an increase in charging current, and a further increase in the battery temperature, leading to deterioration of battery performance. [Solution] This DC power interconnection system is provided with: a transformer that has a secondary wiring wire; a bidirectional inverter or a DC converter connected to the secondary wiring wire; and a hydrogen battery that is connected to the DC converter or the bidirectional inverter, that has hydrogen gas sealed therein, that uses hydrogen as a negative electrode active material, and that has equal voltage at the time of charging end and at the time of discharging start. This DC power interconnection system can prevent deterioration of battery performance caused by float charging.
A conventional bipolar battery is constituted of a combination of cells hermetically sealed for preventing a liquid junction and preventing corrosion of a peripheral device due to a liquid leakage. Therefore, electrolytic solution injecting processes are carried out as many as the number of cells, so that much times and costs have been required for manufacturing a large-scale battery. In addition, a wiring space has been required since the cells are connected to one another with wires. The use of a current collector formed of a one-end closed tubular conductor, the current collector having a bottom protruding outward to form a protrusion, eliminates the wiring space and achieves a reduction in ohmic loss due to the wires. In addition, an electrolytic solution in one cell is separated by a water-repellent sheet from an electrolytic solution in another cell, so that a liquid junction is prevented.
A layer cell includes an outer casing, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrically conductive current collector passing through the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator in an axial direction of the outer casing. The positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator are stacked in the axial direction of the outer casing. A first electrode which is one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is in contact with an inner surface of the outer casing, but is not in contact with the current collector. A second electrode which is the other electrode is not in contact with the outer casing, but is in contact with the current collector. An outer edge of the second electrode is covered with the separator. A peripheral edge of a hole, through which the current collector passes, in the first electrode is covered with the separator.
Conventional bipolar batteries are configured by assembling single batteries, each being sealed to prevent liquid junction, and prevent corrosion in a peripheral apparatus caused by the leakage of a solution. For this reason, solution injection operations are required for each of the single batteries such that an increase in the battery size requires considerable production time and costs. In addition, since wiring establishes connections among the single batteries, a wiring space is required. In this invention, a collector having a protruding portion, which is a bottom cylindrical conductor comprising a bottom portion protruding outward, is used in order to eliminate the wiring space, and decrease ohmic losses caused by the wirings. In addition, this invention has water-repellent sheets to compartmentalize electrolytic solution between cells in order to prevent the liquid junction.
Carbon or cobalt, which is used as a conductive agent in an electrode of an alkaline secondary cell, is oxidized by oxygen generated from a positive electrode. The conductive agent degraded by oxidization loses its conductivity through repetitive charge and discharge, resulting in shortening of the cycle life of the cell. In an alkaline secondary cell filled with hydrogen, hydrogen generated from a positive electrode is bound to the hydrogen. This prevents a conductive agent in an electrode from being degraded by oxidization. A cell with excellent cycle life characteristic is thus provided.
Provided is an alkaline secondary battery having excellent cycle-life characteristics with no oxidative degradation of a conductive agent or hydrogen-storing alloy. This alkaline secondary battery has hydrogen gas sealed therein and a negative electrode surface and a positive electrode surface that come in contact with the hydrogen gas, said negative electrode including the hydrogen-storing alloy and said positive electrode including carbon as a conductive material.
Carbon or cobalt used as a conductive agent in an electrode in an alkaline secondary battery is affected by oxygen generated from a positive electrode and oxidizes. The issue exists that electrical conductivity is lost and battery cycle life is shortened when a conductive agent oxidatively degenerates during repeated charging and discharging. If hydrogen is sealed inside the alkaline secondary battery, hydrogen generated by the positive electrode will bond with the hydrogen inside the battery. As a result, the conductive agent included in the electrode will no longer oxidatively degrade. A battery having excellent cycle life characteristics can be achieved.
An electrode block includes: an electrode group having a stacked structure with a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; lid members disposed on two ends of the electrode group in the stacked direction; and a first holding member attached to outer surfaces of the electrode group and lid members. The first holding member is electrically connected to a first electrode which is one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and is not electrically connected to a second electrode which is the other one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Further, holes in the electrode group and lid members form a through hole, and a second holding member is attached to the through hole. Thus, the electrode block is fabricated. Then the plurality of electrode blocks is housed in an outer jacket in a stacked manner, and a current collector is inserted into the through hole. Thus, a layered cell is fabricated.
Negative electrodes using hydrogen as an active material deteriorate as a result of volumetric changes during the charge/discharge process. Oxidation also causes deterioration thereof. Therefore, a negative electrode material for a battery was developed which is capable of storing hydrogen, contains a water-repellent hydrogen storage alloy and a hydrophilic hydrogen storage alloy, and uses hydrogen as an active material. Such a negative electrode material has high output properties, and is capable of a long service life by creating a hydrogen environment. In addition, it is possible to produce a negative electrode by using such a negative electrode material, and to assemble a battery with hydrogen as an active material thereof by using this negative electrode. The long-life battery having excellent high-output properties was developed by filling the interior of the battery with hydrogen gas after assembling the same.
This layered battery is provided with: an external body; a positive electrode; a negative electrode; a separator that is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and a conductive collector that passes through the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator along the axial direction of the external body. The positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator are layered in the axial direction of the external body. A first electrode that is either the positive electrode or the negative electrode is in contact with the external body but is not in contact with the collector. A second electrode that is the other electrode is not in contact with the external body but is in contact with the collector. The outer edge of the second electrode is covered by the separator. The peripheral edge of a hole in the first electrode through which the collector passes is covered by the separator. The present invention makes it possible to minimize increases in temperature within a battery, prevent short circuits between electrodes, and prevent contact failure.
The present invention minimizes increases in temperature within a battery, prevents contact failure, prevents short circuits between electrodes, and provides a battery that is easy to assemble. In the present invention, an electrode block (21) is provided with: an electrode group (23) in which a positive electrode (23a), a negative electrode (23b), and separators (23ca, 23cb) that are arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode are layered; a lid member (24) that is provided to both ends of the electrode group in the layering direction thereof; and a first holding member (22a) that is attached to the outer surface of the electrode group and the lid member. The first holding member is electrically connected to a first electrode that is either the positive electrode or the negative electrode, and is not electrically connected to a second electrode that is the other electrode of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. A hole that is provided to the electrode group and the lid member forms a through hole (25), and a second holding member (22b) is attached to the through hole in order to produce the electrode block. The electrode block is accommodated in a layered state in an external body and a collector is inserted in the through hole to produce a layered battery.
Layer cell includes an outer casing, positive electrode, negative electrode, separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and electrically conductive current collector passing through the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator in an axial direction of the outer casing. The positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator are stacked in the axial direction of the outer casing. First electrode which is one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is in contact with an inner surface of the outer casing, but is not in contact with the current collector. Second electrode which is the other electrode is not in contact with the outer casing, but is in contact with the current collector. An outer edge of the second electrode is covered with the separator. Peripheral edge of a hole, in the first electrode is covered with the separator.
A reversible fuel cell comprises: a positive electrode including manganese dioxide; a negative electrode including a hydrogen-occluding material; a separator interposed between said positive electrode and said negative electrode; an oxygen storage chamber and a hydrogen storage chamber that respectively independently store hydrogen generated by said positive electrode and oxygen generated by said negative electrode; and an electrolyte. Said negative electrode and said positive electrode are electrodes for power generation and are electrodes that electrolyse said electrolyte using current supplied from outside. Also, said oxygen storage chamber is filled with said electrolyte in which oxygen is dissolved. This fuel cell is capable of converting to gas electrical energy supplied in the event of overcharging and is capable of re-converting this to electrical energy for utilisation. A reversible fuel cell and fuel cell system are therefore provided having an excellent energy utilisation efficiency, energy density and load tracking capability.
The present invention provides a layer cell capable of suppressing increases in temperature inside the cell without the need for extra space for cooling, and also capable of preventing short circuits between electrodes. This layer cell is provided with an outer cover, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a conductive power collector passing through the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator along the axial direction of the outer cover. The positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator are layered in the axial direction of the outer cover. A first electrode that is either the positive electrode or the negative electrode is in contact with the inner surface of the outer cover and is not in contact with the power collector. A second electrode that is the other electrode is not in contact with the outer cover and is in contact with the power collector. The outer edge of the second electrode is covered by the separator, and the peripheral edge of the hole in the first electrode through which the power collector passes is covered by the separator.
This laminated battery is provided with an outer package, a positive electrode, a negative electrode that contains a hydrogen storage alloy, a separator that is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a conductive collector that passes through the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator in the axial direction of the outer package. The positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator are laminated in the axial direction of the outer package. A first electrode, which is the positive electrode or the negative electrode, is in contact with the inner surface of the outer package but is not in contact with the collector. A second electrode, which is the other electrode, is not in contact with the outer package but is in contact with the collector. The outer edge of the separator is covered with the first electrode, and the outer edge of the second electrode is covered with the separator. The circumferential edge of a hole, through which the collector passes, in the first electrode is covered with the separator, and the circumferential edge of a hole, through which the collector passes, in the separator is covered with the second electrode.
H01M 10/617 - Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
H01M 10/654 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes
H01M 10/6563 - Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
A reversible fuel cell has a positive electrode containing manganese dioxide, a negative electrode containing a hydrogen occlusion material, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The negative electrode and the positive electrode are electrodes for generating electricity, and are adapted for electrolyzing the electrolyte using an electric current supplied from an outside source. This cell enables electrical energy supplied during overcharging to be converted into a gas and stored, and the gas to be converted back to electric energy for use. There is accordingly provided a reversible fuel cell and cell system demonstrating exceptional energy usage efficiency, energy density, and load-following characteristics.
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